Electrolytic polishing solution, preparation method, use method and electrolytic polishing device

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrolytic polishing solution, a preparation method, a use method and an electrolytic polishing device. The electrolytic polishing solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6%-6.5% of sulfamic acid, 0.4%-1% of sodium chloride, 0.00821%-0.0246% of saccharin sodium salt and the balance of formamide. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing for the first time, and adding saccharin sodium salt after mixing for the second time; the using method comprises the steps that the 3D printing titanium alloy to be subjected to electrolytic polishing is immersed into the electrolyte and then subjected to electrolytic polishing; the electrolytic polishing device comprises an ultrasonic generator, a supporting net, a plating tank and a power supply; the ultrasonic generator is provided with an inner cavity with a top opening; the supporting net is arranged on the inner cavity; the plating tank is arranged on the supporting net and located in the inner cavity, an electrolyte, a cathode plate and an anode plate are arranged in the aqueduct, and the anode plate is a 3D printing titanium alloy to be subjected to electrolytic polishing; and a power supply anode is connected with the anode plate and a cathode is connected with the cathode plate. Compared with the prior art, the polishing agent is environmentally friendly and good in polishing effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electrolytic polishing, and in particular to an electrolytic polishing liquid, a preparation method, a use method and an electrolytic polishing device. Background Art

[0002] 3D-printed titanium alloys and pure titanium products offer excellent lightweighting, plasticity, and biocompatibility, and are widely used in aerospace, medical devices, and engineering. However, due to the unique nature of 3D printing, titanium products often exhibit roughness and surface defects, which not only affect their aesthetics but also their mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Traditional mechanical polishing methods have limitations, making them difficult to process for complex 3D-printed parts or ineffective for fine structures.

[0003] While electrochemical polishing technology demonstrates advantages in processing regular-shaped metals, it still faces unique challenges when applied to titanium materials for additive manufacturing. Existing technologies related to electrochemical polishing of finished titanium products primarily encompass research and application in four key areas: traditional electrochemical polishing electrolytes, ionic liquid technology, composite electrolytes, and green chemicals.

[0004] Traditional electrochemical polishing electrolytes are divided into sulfuric acid electrolytes and fluoride electrolytes. During the polishing process, the electrolysis conditions need to be controlled to avoid problems caused by excessively high current density. In addition, toxicity and environmental impact issues are more prominent, which limits their use in some application scenarios.

[0005] The liquid in ionic liquid technology is composed of a large number of ions, has low vapor pressure and excellent chemical stability, and comes in many types. Precise polishing can be achieved by regulating its structure and composition, but its high cost limits its large-scale application.

[0006] Composite electrolytes typically combine multiple chemical substances to achieve finer polishing effects and reduce damage to the material surface. However, the consumption rates of their individual components vary significantly, requiring frequent parameter adjustments during use, interrupting continuous production.

[0007] Green chemicals are usually low-toxic and easily degradable, and can reduce environmental impact while maintaining polishing effects. However, their polishing efficiency is low and their effectiveness is not enough to achieve industrialization.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing electrochemical polishing electrolyte and polishing method. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrolytic polishing liquid with good polishing effect, environmental protection and for 3D printing of titanium alloys in response to the above technical status quo.

[0010] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an electrolytic polishing liquid in response to the above technical status quo.

[0011] The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for using an electrolytic polishing liquid in response to the above technical status quo.

[0012] The fourth technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrolytic polishing device in response to the above technical status quo.

[0013] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the first technical problem mentioned above is: an electrolytic polishing liquid, characterized in that it comprises the following components by weight: 6% to 6.5% aminosulfonic acid, 0.4% to 1% sodium chloride, 0.008% to 0.025% saccharin sodium, and the balance is formamide.

[0014] Preferably, the content of saccharin sodium is 0.00821% to 0.0246%, and the mass volume ratio of saccharin sodium to formamide is 0.1 to 0.3 g:1000 ml.

[0015] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the second technical problem is: a method for preparing the aforementioned electrolytic polishing solution, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0016] ① Mix sulfamic acid and sodium chloride to form a primary mixed solution;

[0017] ② Add the mixed solution into formamide and mix evenly at 50-60°C to obtain a secondary mixed solution;

[0018] ③ Adding sodium saccharin to the secondary mixed solution at 50-60° C. to obtain an electrolyte.

[0019] Mixing at 50-60°C can improve mixing efficiency and promote the reaction. However, formamide is unstable in strong acid, strong base or high temperature. If the temperature is too high, formamide will easily decompose in an acidic environment.

[0020] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the third technical problem is: a method for using the aforementioned electrolytic polishing solution, characterized in that it includes the following steps:

[0021] ① Immerse the 3D printed titanium alloy to be electropolished into the electrolyte;

[0022] ② Use the 3D printed titanium alloy to be electropolished as the anode, the cathode plate immersed in the electrolyte as the cathode, connect the DC power supply, and perform electropolishing;

[0023] ③ Take out the polished 3D printed titanium alloy, clean it and dry it.

[0024] In order to achieve better polishing effect, preferably, the distance between the cathode and the anode is 10-15 mm.

[0025] Preferably, the output voltage of the power supply is 8-15V, and the current density is 0.7-0.9A / cm 2 The electrolytic polishing time is 20-30 minutes. Excessive voltage will cause the surface of the sample to be polished to be ablated and dissolved.

[0026] Preferably, the cathode plate is one or more of a copper plate, a titanium plate, and a steel plate.

[0027] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the fourth technical problem is: an electrolytic polishing device for the aforementioned electrolytic polishing liquid, characterized in that it includes:

[0028] an ultrasonic generator having an inner cavity with an open top;

[0029] a support net, arranged on the inner cavity;

[0030] A plating tank, provided on the support net and located in the inner cavity, wherein the tank contains electrolyte, cathode plate and anode plate, wherein the anode plate is a 3D printed titanium alloy to be electropolished; and

[0031] The positive electrode of the power supply is connected to the anode plate, and the negative electrode is connected to the cathode plate.

[0032] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: in this environmentally friendly electrolytic polishing liquid, sulfamic acid acts as an electrolyte, helping to improve the conductivity of the solution and promote the electrolytic reaction; sulfamic acid can also react with the metal surface, promoting the dissolution and smoothing of the metal, thereby improving the surface finish of the metal; sodium saccharin plays an auxiliary polishing role; sodium chloride acts as an inorganic salt to regulate the conductivity and pH value of the solution, affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of the electrolytic polishing process. The addition of sodium chloride can enhance the conductivity of the solution and help the electrolytic polishing process to proceed uniformly; formamide acts as a solvent to help dissolve other components and maintain the stability of the electrolyte; formamide also provides a certain degree of wettability and leveling effect, helping to improve the polishing effect and make the metal surface smoother and more uniform; no strong acid is used, and the environment is environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the electrolytic polishing device of the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Electrolytic polishing device such as Figure 1As shown, it includes an ultrasonic generator 1, a supporting net 2, a plating tank 3 and a power supply 4.

[0037] The ultrasonic generator 1 has an inner cavity 11 with an open top; a support mesh 2 is mounted on the inner cavity 11; a plating tank 3 is mounted on the support mesh 2 and located within the inner cavity 11. The plating tank 3 contains an electrolyte, a cathode plate 31, and an anode plate 32. The anode plate 32 is made of the 3D-printed titanium alloy to be electropolished. The positive electrode of the power supply 4 is connected to the anode plate, and the negative electrode is connected to the cathode plate. The cathode plate can be one or more of a copper plate, a titanium plate, or a steel plate. In this embodiment, the cathode plate is a copper plate.

[0038] An electrolytic polishing solution for 3D printing titanium alloys comprises the following components by weight: 6.5% aminosulfonic acid, 1% sodium chloride, 0.0246% sodium saccharin, and the balance formamide. The preparation method is as follows:

[0039] ① Mix sulfamic acid and sodium chloride to form a primary mixed solution;

[0040] ② Add the primary mixed solution into formamide and mix evenly at 60°C to obtain a secondary mixed solution;

[0041] ③ Add sodium saccharin to the secondary mixed solution at 60° C. to obtain an electrolyte.

[0042] The method of using the electrolytic polishing solution is:

[0043] ① Immerse the 3D printed titanium alloy to be electropolished into the electrolyte;

[0044] ② The 3D printed titanium alloy to be electropolished is used as the anode, and the cathode plate immersed in the electrolyte is used as the cathode. Connect the DC power supply and perform electropolishing: the distance between the cathode and the anode is 15mm, and the DC power supply 4 is used to pass the output voltage of 8V and the current density of 0.7A / cm 2 , electrolytic polishing time is 20min;

[0045] ③ The polished 3D-printed titanium alloy was removed, cleaned, and dried. The surface roughness of each point on the 3D-printed titanium alloy surface was tested. The surface roughness before and after electrolytic polishing was reduced from 3.2-4.6 μm to 1.0-1.6 μm.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] The electrolytic polishing device of this embodiment is the same as that of Example 1.

[0048] An electrolytic polishing solution for 3D printing titanium alloys comprises the following components by weight: 6.5% aminosulfonic acid, 1% sodium chloride, 0.0246% sodium saccharin, and the balance formamide. The preparation method is as follows:

[0049] ① Mix sulfamic acid and sodium chloride to form a primary mixed solution;

[0050] ② Add the primary mixed solution into formamide and mix evenly at 60°C to obtain a secondary mixed solution;

[0051] ③ Add sodium saccharin to the secondary mixed solution at 60° C. to obtain an electrolyte.

[0052] The method of using the electrolytic polishing solution is:

[0053] ① Immerse the 3D printed titanium alloy to be electropolished into the electrolyte;

[0054] ② The 3D printed titanium alloy to be electropolished is used as the anode, and the cathode plate immersed in the electrolyte is used as the cathode. Connect the DC power supply and perform electropolishing: the distance between the cathode and the anode is 12mm, and the DC power supply 4 is used to pass the output voltage of 15V and the current density of 0.9A / cm 2 , electrolytic polishing time is 30min;

[0055] ③ The polished 3D-printed titanium alloy was removed, cleaned, and dried. The surface roughness of each point on the 3D-printed titanium alloy surface was tested. The surface roughness before and after electrolytic polishing was reduced from 3.2 to 4.6 μm to 0.8 to 1.6 μm.

Claims

1. An electrolytic polishing liquid, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6% to 6.5% of aminosulfonic acid, 0.4% to 1% of sodium chloride, 0.008% to 0.025% of saccharin sodium, and the balance is formamide.

2. The electrolytic polishing liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass volume ratio of saccharin sodium to formamide is 0.1-0.3g:1000ml.

3. A method for preparing the electrolytic polishing liquid according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: ① Mix sulfamic acid and sodium chloride to form a primary mixed solution; ② Add the primary mixed solution into formamide and mix evenly at 50-60°C to obtain a secondary mixed solution; ③ Adding sodium saccharin to the secondary mixed solution at 50-60° C. to obtain an electrolyte.

4. A method for using the electrolytic polishing solution according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: ① Immerse the 3D printed titanium alloy to be electropolished into the electrolyte; ② Use the 3D printed titanium alloy to be electropolished as the anode, the cathode plate immersed in the electrolyte as the cathode, connect the DC power supply, and perform electropolishing; ③ Take out the polished 3D printed titanium alloy, clean it and dry it.

5. The method for using the electrolytic polishing liquid according to claim 4, wherein: The distance between the cathode and the anode is 10-15 mm.

6. The method for using the electrolytic polishing liquid according to claim 4, wherein: The output voltage of the power supply is 8-15V, and the current density is 0.7-0.9A / cm 2 , the electrolytic polishing time is 20-30min.

7. The method for using the electrolytic polishing liquid according to claim 4, wherein: The cathode plate is one or more of a copper plate, a titanium plate, and a steel plate.

8. An electrolytic polishing device for an electrolytic polishing liquid according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: include: An ultrasonic generator (1) having an inner cavity (11) with an open top; A support net (2) is provided on the inner cavity (11); A plating tank (3) is provided on the support mesh (2) and is located in the inner cavity (11), wherein the plating tank (3) contains an electrolyte, a cathode plate (31) and an anode plate (32), wherein the anode plate (32) is a 3D printed titanium alloy to be electrolytically polished; and The positive electrode of the power supply (4) is connected to the anode plate, and the negative electrode is connected to the cathode plate.

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