Three-ring driving shaft symmetric thrust vectoring nozzle mechanism

Abstract

The invention provides a three-ring driving shaft symmetric thrust vectoring nozzle mechanism, and relates to the technical field of aeroengine thrust vectoring nozzles in the technical field of aviation. Comprising a casing, a throat adjusting mechanism, a middle ring adjusting mechanism and a vector deflection mechanism, the throat adjusting mechanism comprises an inner ring driving actuating cylinder, an inner ring and a convergence adjusting sheet adjusting mechanism, the inner ring is hinged to the middle ring through a vertical pin shaft, a roller is arranged on the side portion of the vertical pin shaft, and the roller is matched with an inner ring guide rail to achieve linear guiding; the two ends of a convergence adjusting piece of the convergence adjusting piece adjusting mechanism are hinged to a cartridge receiver and a cross adapter through rotating pairs, and three pairs of rods are installed on the convergence adjusting piece. An expansion adjusting piece of the vector deflection mechanism is connected with a vector deflection driving ring through a fixed pull rod and a movable pull rod. Through the three-ring linkage design, independent or cooperative adjustment of the throat area and the nozzle area of the spray pipe is achieved, and meanwhile the functions of pitching, yawing and universal vector deflection are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aero-engine thrust vectoring nozzles, and in particular to a three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vectoring nozzle mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Thrust vectoring technology involves using a vectoring nozzle in an aircraft's propulsion system to redirect airflow, maneuvering the aircraft into pitch, yaw, and roll positions. This technology complements or replaces conventional aerodynamic control surfaces, improving aircraft maneuverability, breaking through stall limits, reducing infrared radiation, shortening takeoff and landing distances, and enabling more tactical maneuvers, thereby enhancing the aircraft's survivability and combat capabilities. Thrust vectoring technology can provide technical support for the ultra-stealth and ultra-maneuverability requirements of future fighter jets, paving the way for unmanned combat aircraft to transcend the physiological limitations of pilots.

[0003] Thrust vectoring nozzle technology is one of the key technologies for achieving high maneuverability and stealth performance in modern aircraft engines. Traditional axisymmetric thrust vectoring nozzles (AVENs) driven by integrally steered actuation rings suffer from complex structures, high mass, poor kinematic reliability, and insufficient aerodynamic sealing, limiting their application in high-thrust engines. Furthermore, during vectoring, the inner planes of adjacent expansion flaps intersect, resulting in reduced sealing performance and significant loss of effective engine thrust.

[0004] To address these issues, ITP (Industria de Turbo Propulsores) of Spain has proposed the Three-Bearing Swivel Nozzle (AVEN) solution. ITP (Industria de Turbo Propulsores), a leading European manufacturer of aircraft engines and propulsion systems, developed key components for the EJ200 engine, including its unique Three-Bearing Swivel Nozzle (3BSN). Designed specifically for the EF2000 Typhoon fighter jet, this nozzle enhances engine thrust and aircraft maneuverability. The nozzle utilizes three independent rotating bearings (a three-ring structure) to precisely control the nozzle's direction. Compared to traditional axisymmetric vectoring nozzles (such as those used in the Russian Su-57) or dual-element vectoring nozzles (such as the rectangular nozzle of the US F-22), the three-ring design allows for flexible nozzle deflection in pitch, yaw, and roll, with a maximum deflection angle exceeding ±20 degrees, and offers faster response. The vectoring nozzle enables the EF2000 to perform post-stall maneuvers (such as the "Cobra" maneuver), enabling it to quickly adjust its nose direction and seize attacking position during air combat. Downward deflection of the nozzle generates additional lift, shortening takeoff and landing distances and facilitating deployment on frontline improvised runways. The three-ring aerodynamic design reduces thrust loss caused by deflection in traditional vectoring nozzles, ensuring efficient engine output even during extreme maneuvers.

[0005] The three-ring drive AVEN, developed by Spain's ITP, is generally suitable for low-thrust aircraft engines with small A8 / A9 area variations. However, installing this three-ring drive AVEN on high-thrust aircraft engines presents two major challenges: First, the central ring structure of the three-ring drive AVEN is subject to significant loads; second, the maximum radius of the aircraft engine, and therefore the maximum installation space, limits the layout space for the convergence flap drive mechanism under afterburner and large nozzle conditions. This space simply cannot accommodate the movement required by the vector control mechanism of the tail nozzle of a high-thrust aircraft engine to accommodate large A8 / A9 area variations.

[0006] Currently, it is known that the convergence adjustment plate adjustment mechanism of the three-ring driven vector nozzle is divided into connecting rod type and cam type.

[0007] The three-ring driven vector nozzle with a connecting rod-type convergent adjustment plate adjustment mechanism has the advantage of keeping the A8 / A9 area ratio basically unchanged, but the disadvantage is equally obvious, namely that the connecting rod is subjected to a large load, requiring the design of a bulky load-bearing dispersion structure at point C on the casing. This is detrimental to the weight reduction design, which is a key technical indicator of the innovative design of the three-ring driven vector nozzle. The three-ring driven vector nozzle with a cam-type convergent adjustment plate adjustment mechanism has the advantages of simple structure and high reliability, but it has problems such as slow adjustment response speed, high friction resistance, sticking, and frequent maintenance, which cannot meet the combat needs of fighter jets. Therefore, this three-ring driven AVEN is more suitable for small and medium-thrust engines when the middle ring bears a larger load.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vector nozzle suitable for large thrust engines to address the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Based on the above proposal, existing three-ring driven vectoring nozzles using a linkage-type convergent adjustment plate mechanism are bulky, while those using a cam-type convergent adjustment plate mechanism suffer from slow adjustment response, high friction resistance, sticking, and frequent maintenance. A three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vectoring nozzle mechanism is provided, which can achieve a larger throat-to-nozzle area ratio. This invention primarily utilizes an innovative three-ring linkage design to achieve independent or coordinated adjustment of the nozzle throat and nozzle areas, while simultaneously providing pitch, yaw, and gimbal vectoring capabilities.

[0010] The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0011] A three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vectoring nozzle mechanism, comprising a casing, a throat adjustment mechanism, a middle ring adjustment mechanism, and a vector deflection mechanism installed on the casing;

[0012] The casing comprises an inner shell and an outer shell; the outer surface of the inner shell is provided with an inner ring guide rail, a spherical guide groove and an actuator mounting structure;

[0013] The throat adjustment mechanism includes an inner ring drive actuator, an inner ring, and a convergence adjustment plate adjustment mechanism. The inner ring is hinged to the middle ring via a vertical pin shaft, and a roller is provided on the side of the vertical pin shaft. The roller cooperates with the inner ring guide rail to achieve linear guidance. The two ends of the convergence adjustment plate of the convergence adjustment plate adjustment mechanism are respectively hinged to the casing and the cross joint via a rotating pair. Three auxiliary rods are installed on the convergence adjustment plate.

[0014] The center ring adjustment mechanism includes a horizontal pin, a center ring, and a spherical guide rail slider. The center ring is hinged to the vector deflection drive ring through the horizontal pin, and the spherical guide rail slider is embedded in the spherical guide groove of the outer shell of the receiver to form a compound kinematic pair.

[0015] The vector deflection mechanism includes a vector deflection drive ring, a vector deflection actuator and an expansion adjustment plate adjustment mechanism; the expansion adjustment plate is connected to the vector deflection drive ring through a fixed pull rod and a movable pull rod.

[0016] Furthermore, there are four groups of inner ring drive actuators, which are evenly distributed circumferentially on the inner shell of the casing at 90° intervals. The two ends of the inner ring drive actuator are respectively connected to the casing and the inner ring through a rotating pair. The inner ring is located between the inner shell and the outer shell of the casing on the side close to the inner shell.

[0017] Furthermore, the convergence adjustment plate adjustment mechanism includes a convergence adjustment plate, three sub-rods, and an inner ring pull rod. The three sub-rods are a three-link hinge mechanism, one end of which is fixed to the convergence adjustment plate, and the other end is linked to the inner ring through the inner ring pull rod; the two ends of the inner ring pull rod are respectively hinged to the inner ring and the top of the three sub-rods with a rotating pair.

[0018] Furthermore, the middle ring has a pair of colinear pin holes in the vertical and horizontal directions of the axis of the casing. The horizontal pin on the middle ring is hinged to the pin hole in the horizontal direction of the middle ring with a rotating pair, and passes through the spherical guide rail slider, the outer shell of the casing, and the vector deflection drive ring connecting hole in sequence, and is finally connected to the ball joint at one end of the vector deflection ring actuator cylinder with a rotating pair; the two ends of the vertical pin on the middle ring are respectively hinged to the pin hole in the vertical direction of the middle ring and the vertical pin hole of the inner ring with a cylindrical surface with a rotating pair.

[0019] Furthermore, two spherical guide sliders are installed on the spherical guide rail on the inner side of the outer shell of the receiver, and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the middle ring in the horizontal direction, and are positioned together with the middle ring through a horizontal pin shaft.

[0020] Furthermore, the expansion adjustment plate adjustment mechanism includes a fixed pull rod, a movable pull rod, an expansion adjustment plate joint, an expansion adjustment plate pull rod, an expansion adjustment plate, and a cross adapter. The movable pull rod is arranged at the junction of the upper and lower half rings of the vector deflection drive ring and is configured as an adjustable angle structure.

[0021] Furthermore, the two connection points of the fixed pull rod are on the same half ring, and the angle between the two rods is fixed; each group of movable pull rods consists of two movable pull rods, located at the connection of the upper and lower half rings of the vector deflection drive ring, one group on each side of the horizontal plane, and the ends of the movable pull rods are respectively connected to the upper and lower half rings with a rotating pair, and the front end is connected to the expansion adjustment plate.

[0022] Furthermore, the vector deflection drive ring is composed of two upper and lower half rings, which are connected by a horizontal pin shaft perpendicular to the axis of the receiver. The upper and lower half rings of the vector deflection drive ring rotate around the horizontal pin shaft.

[0023] Furthermore, the vector deflection actuators are divided into four groups, which are evenly distributed on the outer layer of the casing at 90° intervals. The two ends of the vector deflection actuators are respectively connected to the casing and the horizontal plane pin.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] 1. Reduce the load: By increasing the cylinder diameter of the inner ring actuator, the load on the middle ring can be reduced to basically zero, greatly reducing the stress on the middle ring.

[0026] 2. Simplified Structure and Weight Reduction: A three-prong design replaces connecting rod and cam-type adjustment mechanisms, resulting in a simpler and lighter structure. This allows for a wide range of A8 / A9 area adjustments within the limited installation space of high-thrust aircraft engines, effectively eliminating the heavy loads and bulky load-distributing structures associated with connecting rod-type adjustment mechanisms. It also addresses the slow response, high friction, stagnation, and frequent maintenance associated with cam-type adjustment mechanisms.

[0027] 3. It fills the gap that the three-ring driven axially symmetrical thrust vector nozzle is only applicable to small and medium thrust aircraft engines, but cannot be applied to large thrust aircraft engines.

[0028] 4. High motion reliability: Through multi-ring linkage and orthogonal motion chain design, the motion interference and under-constraint problems of the three-ring drive axisymmetric thrust vector nozzle are solved, and the motion reliability is improved.

[0029] 5. Precise control: A8 and A9 areas can be adjusted independently or collaboratively to achieve pitch, yaw and gimbal deflection, with a deflection angle of up to ±20° to meet high maneuverability requirements.

[0030] 6. Applicability: Through innovative configuration design (such as the three-ring layout of the front casing space and the convergent adjustment plate adjustment mechanism), the problem of uneven load distribution of large thrust engines is solved and the applicability of the nozzle is expanded. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the mechanical gate in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the inner ring guide rail on the casing of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the spherical guide groove on the casing of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4This is a structural diagram of the cylindrical surface at the rear of the receiver and the mounting holes in the middle.

[0036] Figure 5 This is the structural diagram of the receiver convergence adjustment mounting holes.

[0037] Figure 6 This is the structural diagram of the inner ring driven actuator.

[0038] Figure 7 This is the inner ring structure diagram.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the positions of the inner ring, rollers and guide rails.

[0040] Figure 9 This is the structural diagram of the convergence adjustment plate adjustment mechanism.

[0041] Figure 10 This is the central ring structure diagram.

[0042] Figure 11 Spherical guide rail slider structure Figure 1 .

[0043] Figure 12 Spherical guide rail slider structure Figure 2 .

[0044] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the installation position of the horizontal pin, spherical guide slider, and casing.

[0045] Figure 14 This is the structural diagram of the vector deflection drive ring.

[0046] Figure 15 This is the structural diagram of the vector deflection actuator.

[0047] Figure 16 It is the first adjustment mechanism of the expansion adjustment piece.

[0048] Figure 17 It is the second adjustment mechanism of the expansion adjustment piece.

[0049] Figure 18 This is a structural diagram of the fixed pull rod.

[0050] Figure 19 This is a structural diagram of a movable pull rod.

[0051] Figure 20 This is a structural diagram of a set of movable pull rods.

[0052] Figure 21 This is a structural diagram of the expansion adjustment piece, expansion adjustment piece pull rod, expansion adjustment piece joint, and cross adapter.

[0053] Figure 22 Top view of the three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vectoring nozzle.

[0054] Figure 23 Left view of the three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vectoring nozzle.

[0055] Figure 24 Axonometric view of a three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vectoring nozzle.

[0056] In the figure: 1. Receiver; 2. Inner ring; 3. Inner ring guide; 4. Roller; 5. Third rod; 6. Inner ring pull rod; 7. Convergence adjustment plate; 8. Fixed pull rod; 9. Cross adapter; 10. Expansion adjustment plate; 11. Expansion adjustment plate joint; 12. Expansion adjustment plate pull rod; 13. Movable pull rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0058] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0060] Unless otherwise specified, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments can have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0061] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0062] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0063] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] like Figure 1-24As shown, the present invention provides a three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vector nozzle mechanism, which can retain the performance advantages of the three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vector nozzle such as simple structure, light weight, reliable movement, good aerodynamic sealing, high control accuracy and flexible steering, while being suitable for a new type of three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vector nozzle for high-thrust aircraft engines.

[0065] The mechanism is mainly composed of the following four parts: Receiver 1: including the receiver body; throat adjustment mechanism: including inner ring drive actuator, inner ring 2 (A8 ring), convergence adjustment plate adjustment mechanism and other components; middle ring adjustment mechanism: including middle ring, spherical guide rail slider and other components; vector deflection mechanism: including vector deflection drive ring (A9 ring), vector deflection actuator, expansion adjustment plate adjustment mechanism and other components.

[0066] (1) Receiver 1

[0067] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the casing structure. Casing 1 is the main body of the three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vectoring nozzle and serves as the carrier. It carries the remaining three parts of the nozzle: the throat adjustment mechanism, the center ring adjustment mechanism, and the vector deflection mechanism. All nozzle components are mounted on casing 1. Casing 1 consists of two shells, an inner shell and an outer shell.

[0068] Figure 2 It is the inner ring guide rail structure diagram on the casing. There is a guide rail for the inner ring 2 to move along the casing 1 axis direction near the cylindrical surface of the vertical pin at the top and bottom of the outer surface of the casing 1 inner shell.

[0069] Figure 3 This diagram shows the guide groove structure for the spherical guide slider on the receiver. Guide grooves for the spherical guide slider on the center ring are designed on the left and right sides of the inner surface of the outer shell of the receiver 1. This allows the center ring, after the spherical guide slider is installed, to perform linear motion, rotational motion, or a combination of linear and rotational motion within the axis of the receiver 1.

[0070] Figure 4 This diagram shows the cylindrical surface at the rear of the receiver and the mounting holes in the middle. At the rear of the outer surface of the inner shell of receiver 1 are four cylindrical surfaces for mounting the vector deflection drive actuators. In the middle of the outer surface of the inner shell of receiver 1 are four mounting holes for the inner ring drive actuators.

[0071] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the convergence adjustment mounting holes of the casing. There are 12 groups of mounting holes for the convergence adjustment pieces 7 of the throat adjustment mechanism on the inner surface of the inner layer of the casing 1.

[0072] (2) Throat adjustment mechanism

[0073] The throat adjustment mechanism of the three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vectoring nozzle is mainly composed of the inner ring driving actuator, the inner ring 2 (A8 ring), and the convergence adjustment plate adjustment mechanism group.

[0074] The throat adjustment mechanism operates as follows: the inner ring drives the actuator to synchronously output displacement, pushing inner ring 2 in linear motion along the engine axis. Inner ring 2 connects to inner ring tie rod 6, which in turn connects to the third auxiliary rod 5 and convergence adjustment plate 7. The movement of inner ring 2 drives the convergence adjustment plate 7 to rotate, thereby adjusting the throat area A8.

[0075] Figure 6 This is the inner ring drive actuator. There are four inner ring drive actuators, arranged at angles of 45, 135, 225, and 315 degrees relative to the casing 1. Their ends are connected to the casing 1 and inner ring 2, respectively, via revolute joints. The four inner ring drive actuators consistently output displacement, driving inner ring 2 in linear motion along the axis of casing 1. Inner ring 2 is located between the inner and outer casings of casing 1, on the side closest to the inner casing.

[0076] Figure 7 It is the inner ring structure diagram. Figure 8 The diagram shows the positions of the inner ring, rollers, and guide rails. Inner ring 2 has two collinear pin holes perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the casing 1 axis. This pin is connected to the center ring via a revolute joint. A cylindrical surface of a certain thickness is located near the two collinear pin holes, and rollers 4 are mounted on this surface. While the inner ring drives the actuator to move the inner ring 2 linearly, rollers 4 on this cylindrical surface rotate about their own axes and move linearly along the casing 1 guide rails, centering and limiting the inner ring 2 and reducing frictional resistance.

[0077] The convergence regulating plate adjustment mechanism includes: a convergence regulating plate 7, three auxiliary rods 5, and an inner ring pull rod 6. The two ends of the convergence regulating plate 7 are respectively hinged to the casing 1 and the cross adapter 9 by a rotating pair. The convergence regulating plate 7 is equipped with a three auxiliary rod 5 consisting of three rods with fixed size and position. The two ends of the inner ring pull rod 6 are respectively hinged to the inner ring 2 and the top of the three auxiliary rod 5 by a rotating pair. When adjusting the throat area, the inner ring drives the actuator to output displacement, driving the inner ring 2 to move linearly, the inner ring 2 drives the inner ring pull rod 6 to move, and the inner ring pull rod 6 then drives the three auxiliary rods 5 and the convergence regulating plate 7 to move. The expansion or contraction of the convergence regulating plate 7 is manifested as an increase or decrease in the throat area.

[0078] (3) Middle ring adjustment mechanism

[0079] The center ring's motion principle is as follows: the center ring is connected to the vector deflection drive ring via two collinear horizontal pins and to the inner ring (2) via two collinear vertical pins, effectively connecting the inner ring (2) and the vector deflection drive ring. The center ring can synchronize with the inner ring (2) in linear motion along the engine axis, as well as rotation around the vertical pins.

[0080] The middle ring adjustment mechanism of the three-ring driven axially symmetrical thrust vector nozzle is mainly composed of a horizontal pin, a middle ring, a spherical guide rail slider, etc.

[0081] Figure 10 This is a diagram of the center ring structure. The center ring is located between the inner and outer shells of the casing 1, on the side close to the outer shell, that is, on the outside of the inner ring 2. The center ring has a pair of collinear pin holes in the vertical and horizontal directions of the axis of the casing 1. The horizontal pin on the center ring is hinged to the horizontal pin hole of the center ring by a revolute joint, and passes through the spherical guide slider, the outer shell of the casing 1, and the connecting hole of the vector deflection drive ring in sequence, and is finally connected to the ball joint at one end of the vector deflection ring actuator cylinder by a revolute joint. The two ends of the vertical pin on the center ring are respectively hinged to the vertical pin hole of the center ring and the vertical pin hole of the inner ring with a cylindrical surface by a revolute joint.

[0082] Figure 11 、 12 The two spherical guide sliders are mounted on the spherical guide rails on the inner side of the outer shell of the receiver 1 and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center ring in the horizontal direction. They are positioned together with the center ring through a horizontal pin.

[0083] Figure 13 This diagram shows the installation structure of the horizontal pin, spherical guide slider, and casing. When the two horizontal vector deflection actuators output displacement in opposite and synchronous directions, they drive the horizontal pin, which in turn drives the vector deflection drive ring, spherical guide slider, and center ring to rotate around the vertical pin axis.

[0084] When the two vector deflection actuators on the horizontal plane output displacement in the same direction and synchronously, they can drive the horizontal pin to move, and the horizontal pin in turn drives the vector deflection drive ring, the spherical guide rail slider, and the middle ring to perform linear motion along the axis of the casing 1.

[0085] When the two vector deflection actuators on the horizontal plane output displacement in opposite directions and asynchronously, they can drive the horizontal pin shaft to move, and the horizontal pin shaft then drives the vector deflection drive ring, the spherical guide rail slider, and the middle ring to jointly perform linear motion along the axis direction of the casing 1 and a composite motion of the two types of motion.

[0086] (4) Vector deflection mechanism

[0087] The vector deflection mechanism operates as follows: the vector deflection drives the actuator to output displacement, pushing the vector deflection drive ring to move. This in turn drives the fixed and movable rods 8 and 13 on the ring. These rods, in turn, move or rotate the expansion plate joint 11, which in turn deflects the expansion plate 10, thereby adjusting the nozzle area A9.

[0088] Vector deflection mechanism The vector deflection mechanism of the three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vector nozzle is mainly composed of: vector deflection drive ring, vector deflection actuator, expansion adjustment plate 1 adjustment mechanism, etc.

[0089] Figure 14 The vector deflection drive ring structure diagram is shown. The vector deflection drive ring consists of two half rings, upper and lower, connected by a horizontal pin perpendicular to the axis of the receiver 1. The upper and lower half rings of the vector deflection drive ring can rotate around the horizontal pin.

[0090] Figure 15 This diagram shows the structure of the vector deflection actuators. There are four vector deflection actuators, one pair each for the horizontal and vertical directions. They are arranged at angles of 0, 90, 180, and 270 degrees relative to the casing 1. Both ends are ball joints, connected to the casing 1 and the horizontal pin, respectively. By controlling the direction and rate of the vector deflection actuators' output displacement, the nozzle can be steered in pitch, yaw, and gimbal.

[0091] Figure 16 The first expansion adjustment plate adjustment mechanism includes: a fixed pull rod 8, an expansion adjustment plate joint 11, an expansion adjustment plate 10, a cross adapter 9, and an expansion adjustment plate pull rod 12. Figure 17 The second expansion plate adjustment mechanism comprises a movable rod 13, an expansion plate joint 11, an expansion plate 10, a cross joint 9, and an expansion plate rod 12. The drive rod comprises a fixed rod 8 and a movable rod 13. The ends of the drive rod are connected to the vector deflection drive ring and the expansion plate 10, respectively. Because the vector deflection drive ring consists of two upper and lower halves, the center-to-center distance between the drive rods at the junction of the two halves varies with the nozzle operating conditions. Furthermore, the number of drive rods connected to the vector deflection drive ring must be an even number. Therefore, two drive rods are required to meet the motion requirements of the vector deflection drive ring.

[0092] Figure 18 The two connection points of the fixed tie rod 8 are both on the same half ring, and the angle between the two rods is fixed.

[0093] Figure 19 、 20This is a diagram of the structure of the movable tie rods 13. These tie rods 13 are shaped like halves of fixed tie rods 8. Each set of movable tie rods 13 consists of two tie rods 13, located at the junction of the upper and lower halves of the vector deflection drive ring, one set on each side of the horizontal plane. The ends of the movable tie rods 13 are connected to the upper and lower halves via revolute joints, while the front ends are connected to the expansion adjustment plates 10. The angle between the two movable tie rods 13 is adjustable. In the case of 12 sets of convergent and expansion adjustment plates 10, 10 sets of driving tie rods are fixed tie rods 8, and two sets are movable tie rods 13.

[0094] The expansion adjustment piece 10 is connected to the expansion adjustment piece pull rod 12, which forms a triangular stable structure with the expansion adjustment piece 10 and does not rotate relative to each other. The expansion adjustment piece pull rod 12 is connected to the expansion adjustment piece joint 11 by a revolute pair.

[0095] Figure 21 This diagram shows the structure of the expansion flap, expansion flap pull rod, expansion flap joint, and cross-joint. When the nozzle area needs to be adjusted, the vector deflection actuator outputs displacement, driving the upper and lower halves of the vector deflection drive ring to symmetrically deflect relative to their hinge axis. The drive rod then pulls the expansion flap 10 to expand or contract, achieving nozzle area adjustment and pitch vector deflection. The cross-joint 9 connects the convergence flap 7 and the expansion flap 10, allowing the convergence flap 7 to rotate about its horizontal axis and the expansion flap 10 to rotate about its vertical axis.

[0096] This invention innovatively designs the adjustment mechanism for a three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vectoring nozzle, proposing a three-prong structure (5) to replace conventional connecting rod and cam-type adjustment mechanisms. This allows for a wide range of A8 / A9 area variations within the limited installation space of high-thrust aircraft engines. This balances the relatively small layout space for moving components while ensuring their rigidity and reliability. Furthermore, the simple structure and short force transmission path minimize nozzle weight gain.

[0097] This invention proposes a layout scheme for installing the inner ring 2 (A8 ring), the middle ring, the vector deflection drive ring (A9 ring), and the adjustment mechanism within the space provided by the front casing 1. This avoids the weight increase and installation difficulties associated with locating the adjustment mechanism within the space provided by the middle and rear casings 1. The load on the convergence adjustment plate 7 is directly transferred to the inner ring 2 via the inner ring tie rod 6.

[0098] In the adjustment mechanism drive scheme, an eight-actuator adjustment mechanism drive scheme is adopted, in which four actuators are arranged in the inner ring 2 and four actuators are arranged in the vector deflection drive ring. Combined with the innovative configuration of the three-ring and convergent adjustment plate adjustment mechanism in the spatial layout of the front casing 1, the improved three-ring driven vector nozzle has better comprehensive performance while its advantage of small mass is also fully reflected.

[0099] The three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vector nozzle mechanism of the present invention can be realized by the following steps:

[0100] ① Non-vector state: The four A9 ring actuators output displacement synchronously, and the A8 / A9 area ratio is adjusted to the optimal value (1.03~1.05).

[0101] ② Independent control A9: The horizontal actuator cylinder and the vertical actuator cylinder move in coordination to achieve independent adjustment of the nozzle area.

[0102] ③ Pitch / yaw vector deflection: Through the reverse displacement output of the horizontal or vertical actuator, the nozzle is driven to achieve pitch or yaw deflection.

[0103] ④Universal vector adjustment: The horizontal and vertical actuators work together in opposite directions to achieve two-dimensional deflection of the nozzle at any angle in space.

[0104] Four actuators are arranged on the inner ring 2, complemented by four actuators on the vector deflection drive ring, creating an eight-actuator drive system. Calculations show that the maximum drag force of the actuators on the inner ring 2 and vector deflection drive ring is 4 tons, while the force on the middle ring is 6 tons. To further reduce the force on the middle ring, the cylinder diameter of the inner ring 2 actuator can be increased, bringing the force to approximately zero, significantly reducing the weight of the middle ring. This eight-actuator layout reduces the weight of the inner ring 2 by 33% and the middle ring by 66%.

[0105] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vectoring nozzle mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a casing (1) and a throat adjustment mechanism, a middle ring adjustment mechanism and a vector deflection mechanism installed on the casing (1); The casing (1) comprises an inner shell and an outer shell; the outer surface of the inner shell is provided with an inner ring guide rail (3), a spherical guide groove and an actuator installation structure; The throat regulating mechanism comprises an inner ring driving actuator, an inner ring (2) and a convergence regulating plate regulating mechanism, wherein the inner ring (2) is hinged to the middle ring via a vertical pin shaft, and a roller (4) is provided on the side of the vertical pin shaft, and the roller (4) cooperates with the inner ring guide rail (3) to realize linear guidance; the two ends of the convergence regulating plate (7) of the convergence regulating plate regulating mechanism are respectively hinged to the casing (1) and the cross joint (9) via a rotating pair, and three auxiliary rods (5) are installed on the convergence regulating plate (7); The center ring adjustment mechanism comprises a horizontal pin, a center ring, and a spherical guide rail slider. The center ring is hinged to the vector deflection drive ring via the horizontal pin, and the spherical guide rail slider is embedded in the spherical guide groove of the outer shell of the casing (1) to form a composite motion pair. The vector deflection mechanism comprises a vector deflection drive ring, a vector deflection actuator and an expansion adjustment piece adjustment mechanism; the expansion adjustment piece (10) is connected to the vector deflection drive ring via a fixed pull rod (8) and a movable pull rod.

2. The three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vector nozzle mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring drive actuators are four groups, which are evenly distributed on the inner shell of the casing (1) at 90° intervals. The two ends of the inner ring drive actuators are respectively connected to the casing (1) and the inner ring (2) through a rotating pair. The inner ring (2) is located between the inner shell and the outer shell of the casing (1) on the side close to the inner shell.

3. The three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vector nozzle mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The convergence regulating plate adjustment mechanism comprises a convergence regulating plate (7), three auxiliary rods (5), and an inner ring pull rod (6); the three auxiliary rods (5) are three-link hinged mechanisms, one end of which is fixed to the convergence regulating plate (7), and the other end of which is linked to the inner ring (2) through the inner ring pull rod (6); the two ends of the inner ring pull rod (6) are respectively hinged to the inner ring (2) and the top end of the three auxiliary rods (5) by a rotating pair.

4. The three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vectoring nozzle mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle ring has a pair of collinear pin holes in the vertical and horizontal directions of the axis of the casing (1). The horizontal pin on the middle ring is hinged to the pin hole in the horizontal direction of the middle ring through a rotating pair, and passes through the spherical guide slider, the outer shell of the casing (1), and the connecting hole of the vector deflection drive ring in sequence, and is finally connected to the ball joint at one end of the vector deflection ring actuator cylinder through a rotating pair; the two ends of the vertical pin on the middle ring are respectively hinged to the pin hole in the vertical direction of the middle ring and the vertical pin hole of the inner ring with a cylindrical surface through a rotating pair.

5. The three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vector nozzle mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two spherical guide rail sliders are mounted on the spherical guide rails on the inner side of the outer shell of the casing (1) and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the middle ring in the horizontal direction, and are positioned together with the middle ring through a horizontal pin shaft.

6. The three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vectoring nozzle mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion adjustment plate adjustment mechanism comprises a fixed pull rod (8), a movable pull rod, an expansion adjustment plate (10) joint (11), an expansion adjustment plate pull rod (12), an expansion adjustment plate (10), and a cross adapter (9); the movable pull rod is arranged at the junction of the upper and lower half rings of the vector deflection drive ring and is configured as an angle-adjustable structure.

7. The three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vector nozzle mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two connection points of the fixed pull rod (8) are both on the same half ring, and the angle between the two rods is fixed; each group of movable pull rods consists of two movable pull rods, which are located at the connection between the upper and lower half rings of the vector deflection drive ring, one group on each side of the horizontal plane, the ends of the movable pull rods are respectively connected to the upper and lower half rings by a rotating pair, and the front ends are connected to the expansion adjustment plate (10).

8. The three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vectoring nozzle mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vector deflection drive ring is composed of two half rings, upper and lower, which are connected by a horizontal pin shaft perpendicular to the axis of the casing (1). The upper and lower half rings of the vector deflection drive ring rotate around the horizontal pin shaft.

9. The three-ring driven axisymmetric thrust vectoring nozzle mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vector deflection actuators are in four groups and are evenly distributed on the outer layer of the casing (1) at 90° intervals. The two ends of the vector deflection actuators are respectively connected to the casing and the horizontal plane pin.

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