Underwater Christmas tree outlet pipe erosion damage condition monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for monitoring the erosion damage condition of an outlet pipe of a subsea Christmas tree, and the device comprises an ultrasonic transmitting module which is used for generating an excitation electric pulse; the erosion damage sensing probe is used for generating an ultrasonic signal under the action of the excitation electric pulse, the ultrasonic signal acts on the pipe wall of the outlet pipe of the subsea Christmas tree, and the received ultrasonic echo signal of the pipe wall is converted into an electric signal; the ultrasonic receiving module is used for receiving an ultrasonic echo electric signal sensed and measured by the erosion damage sensing probe, and the ultrasonic echo electric signal is a pipe wall erosion damage monitoring original signal; and the signal analyzing and processing module is used for analyzing the pipe wall erosion damage condition represented by the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring original signal in real time. Therefore, by analyzing the signal characteristics of the erosion damage wall thickness and the residual wall thickness of the pipe wall of the outlet pipeline of the subsea tree, the integrity of the outlet pipeline of the subsea tree is accurately identified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device and method for monitoring the erosion damage condition of an underwater Christmas tree outlet pipe, and relates to the field of monitoring the erosion damage condition of underwater Christmas tree pipelines. Background Art

[0002] Detecting erosion damage at the exit pipe of a subsea tree is a key process for managing subsea tree integrity and ensuring the safe operation of offshore oil and gas production facilities. The continuous and irregular impact of solid particles carried by downhole fluids on the exit pipe can easily cause erosion and wear, significantly impacting the safety of the subsea tree piping system. Therefore, real-time monitoring of erosion damage on the exit pipe wall is crucial for ensuring the safe operation of subsea oil and gas production equipment.

[0003] The prior art discloses an integrally built-in, walkable device for detecting erosion and wear of the inner wall of a pipeline. The device comprises a front housing, a receiving housing, a rear housing, a walk-through assembly, a detection assembly, and a cleaning assembly. The device uses an ultrasonic monitoring head to scan the inner wall of the pipeline and uses a camera and a fill light to capture the erosion and wear of the inner wall of the pipeline. The advantage of this device is that it can flexibly move in pipelines of different inner diameters and detect erosion and wear of the inner wall of the pipeline, while also cleaning dirty areas of the pipeline. However, the flow rate and pressure of the produced fluid in the outlet pipe of the underwater oil tree are high, and the integrally built-in design of this device is not suitable for erosion and wear detection of pipelines containing fluid produced from high-temperature and high-pressure formations.

[0004] Prior art also discloses a device and method for monitoring and early warning of mud and sand particle content and erosion in multiphase flow pipelines. The device comprises a signal sensing unit, a signal acquisition unit, and a signal processing unit. This device monitors and early-warns mud and sand particle content and erosion conditions within the pipeline by collecting ultrasonic signals indicating changes in pipeline wall thickness and vibration signals from mud and sand particles. This device / method offers the advantage of quantitatively monitoring pipeline erosion and providing early warning. However, due to the harsh operating conditions of deepwater and the safety requirements of underwater Christmas trees, it is not applicable to monitoring erosion damage in underwater Christmas tree pipelines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To address this problem, the present invention provides a device and method for monitoring erosion damage to the wall of an underwater Christmas tree outlet pipe, capable of accurately identifying the integrity of the outlet pipe.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a device for monitoring erosion damage of an underwater Christmas tree outlet pipe, comprising:

[0008] Ultrasonic wave transmitting module, used for generating excitation electric pulses;

[0009] The erosion damage sensing probe is used to generate ultrasonic signals in response to the excitation electric pulse. The ultrasonic signals act on the wall of the outlet pipe of the underwater oil tree and convert the received ultrasonic echo signals from the pipe wall into electrical signals.

[0010] The ultrasonic receiving module is used to receive the ultrasonic echo electrical signal sensed and measured by the erosion damage sensing probe, wherein the ultrasonic echo electrical signal is the original signal for monitoring the erosion damage of the pipe wall;

[0011] The signal analysis and processing module is used to analyze the pipe wall erosion damage status represented by the original signal of pipe wall erosion damage monitoring in real time.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the erosion damage sensing probe uses a single crystal piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer with a delay block structure, and the piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer can convert electric field signals and ultrasonic signals into each other.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the signal analysis and calculation module includes a noise reduction and filtering module, a time domain analysis module, an echo signal discrimination module, a wall thickness calculation module, and a damage judgment module, wherein:

[0014] The noise reduction filter module is used to filter the collected original signal of pipe wall erosion damage monitoring to eliminate high-frequency noise;

[0015] The time domain analysis module is used to perform time domain analysis on the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal after noise reduction and filtering, and determine the effective ultrasonic signal range of the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal at the outlet pipe of the underwater oil tree;

[0016] The echo signal discrimination module is used to discriminate the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal within the effective ultrasonic signal range using an adaptive peak-finding algorithm, and determine the time difference between two ultrasonic echoes at the delay block-pipe wall surface of the piezoelectric transducer and the remaining wall surface of the pipeline erosion damage;

[0017] The wall thickness calculation module is used to calculate the distance difference between two ultrasonic echoes in combination with the sound velocity. The distance difference is the distance that the ultrasonic wave propagates in the measured pipe wall.

[0018] The damage judgment module monitors the erosion damage condition of the outlet pipe of the underwater oil tree based on the calculated residual wall thickness of the measured pipeline erosion damage and comparing it with the original wall thickness of the measured pipeline.

[0019] Some possible implementations further include a communication instruction module, a power supply module, and a central control platform. The communication instruction module uses an ultra-small watertight communication cable treated with a vulcanization process to output pipe wall erosion damage status information through an RS485 serial port, and at the same time, parameters of the underwater oil tree outlet pipe wall erosion damage status monitoring device are set through instructions from the central control platform; the power supply module uses a transformer power supply, which shares an ultra-small watertight cable with the communication control module to provide transformer power supply for the entire machine.

[0020] Some possible implementations further include a pressure-resistant shell, which is made of cylindrical titanium alloy. The hardware of each of the above-mentioned modules is fixedly assembled with a small aluminum heat sink plate through insulating bolts and armored with the shell, wherein the aluminum heat sink plate is in direct contact with the shell to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the underwater pipe wall erosion damage monitoring device.

[0021] In some possible implementations, a D-shaped handle is provided on the top of the housing, and the D-shaped handle facilitates underwater installation, maintenance, and recovery of the underwater Christmas tree outlet pipe wall erosion damage monitoring device by an ROV.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for monitoring the erosion damage condition of the underwater Christmas tree outlet pipe wall, comprising:

[0023] Inserting a device for monitoring the erosion damage condition of the outlet pipe wall of the underwater oil tree into the outlet pipe of the underwater oil tree by using an ROV, and making the erosion damage sensing probe contact the pipe wall;

[0024] The ultrasonic transmitting module generates an electric pulse signal and sends it to the erosion damage sensing probe;

[0025] The erosion damage sensing probe emits an ultrasonic initial wave toward the underwater tree outlet pipe under the piezoelectric effect, and the ultrasonic initial wave generates two ultrasonic echoes at the delay block interface of the erosion damage sensing probe and the erosion damaged wall surface of the underwater tree outlet pipe respectively;

[0026] The two ultrasonic echoes are sensed by the erosion damage sensing probe and generate electrical signals under the inverse piezoelectric effect, which are received and processed by the ultrasonic receiving module, thereby realizing the conversion of ultrasonic signals of pipe wall erosion damage;

[0027] The signal calculation and analysis module performs real-time analysis on the ultrasonic signal of pipe wall erosion damage to obtain the pipe wall erosion damage status.

[0028] In some possible implementations, the signal calculation and analysis module performs real-time analysis on the ultrasonic signal of pipe wall erosion damage to obtain the pipe wall erosion damage status, including:

[0029] Perform noise reduction preprocessing on the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring echo signal to reduce the interference of environmental noise and circuit noise;

[0030] If the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring echo signal is relatively weak, use adaptive filtering to improve the signal-to-noise ratio; otherwise, proceed to the next step;

[0031] Dynamically adjust the gain of the pre-processed pipe wall erosion damage monitoring echo signal to compensate for the attenuation of ultrasonic waves in the material;

[0032] Based on the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal calculated based on the echo signal after dynamic gain adjustment, the effective echo position of the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal is determined by using the cross-correlation analysis method;

[0033] Based on the calculated effective echo position of the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal, determine the transit time between two consecutive ultrasonic echoes at the delay block of the erosion damage sensing probe - the pipe wall surface and the remaining wall surface of the pipeline erosion damage;

[0034] Based on the calculated transit time between two consecutive ultrasonic echoes, the remaining wall thickness of the measured pipe wall is calculated in combination with the sound velocity to be measured, and the remaining wall thickness of the measured pipe wall is output.

[0035] In some possible implementations, the transit time between two consecutive ultrasound echoes is:

[0036] Δt=(t1-t0)(t2-t0);

[0037] Where Δt is the transit time between two consecutive ultrasonic echoes; t0 is the time when the ultrasonic wave is first emitted; t1 is the time when the ultrasonic echo is received at the delay block-pipe wall surface of the piezoelectric single crystal delay block transducer; and t2 is the time when the ultrasonic echo is received at the remaining wall surface of the pipeline erosion damage.

[0038] In some possible implementations, the calculation formula for the remaining wall thickness of the measured pipe wall is:

[0039]

[0040] In the above formula, S pipe is the remaining wall thickness of the measured pipe after erosion damage; v pipe is the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the pipe wall being tested.

[0041] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following characteristics:

[0042] 1. The present invention accurately identifies the integrity of the underwater tree outlet pipe by analyzing the signal characteristics of the erosion damage wall thickness and the remaining wall thickness of the underwater tree outlet pipe.

[0043] 2. The present invention realizes real-time detection of erosion damage on the outlet pipe wall of the underwater oil tree by integrating modules such as sensing, ultrasonic emission, ultrasonic reception, analysis and processing, central control, communication instructions and power supply.

[0044] 3. The present invention uses an adaptive peak-finding algorithm and an echo-echo method to analyze and calculate the original erosion damage ultrasonic echo signal. Compared with existing methods, its advantages are: 1) The adaptive peak-finding algorithm and time-domain analysis of the erosion damage signal can preliminarily determine the ultrasonic initial wave and ultrasonic echo signal segments that represent the thickness of the pipe wall erosion damage; 2) The echo-echo method measures the transit time between two consecutive ultrasonic echoes at the delay block-pipe wall surface of the piezoelectric single crystal delay block transducer and the remaining wall surface of the pipeline erosion damage. After determining the sound wave propagation speed based on the pipe wall material, the remaining wall thickness of the pipeline after erosion damage can be calculated. By comparing this with the original pipe wall thickness, accurate monitoring of the erosion damage condition of the underwater oil tree outlet pipe wall can be achieved.

[0045] In summary, the present invention can be widely used in monitoring the erosion damage of the outlet pipe of an underwater oil tree. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same components. In the drawings:

[0047] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a device for monitoring erosion damage of an outlet pipe of a subsea tree according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal electronic module connections of a device for monitoring the erosion damage condition of an outlet pipe of a subsea tree according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a working diagram of a device for monitoring the erosion damage condition of an outlet pipe of an underwater Christmas tree according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a method for monitoring erosion damage to the wall of an underwater Christmas tree outlet pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] It should be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an" and "said" as used herein may also be meant to include plural forms. The terms "comprise", "include", "contain" and "have" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the order of execution is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0052] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can only be used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teaching of the example embodiments.

[0053] For ease of description, spatially relative terms may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figures, such as "inside," "outside," "inner side," "outer side," "lower," "upper," etc. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures.

[0054] The present invention provides an underwater oil tree outlet pipe erosion damage monitoring device and method, which include a pipe wall erosion damage condition sensing module, an ultrasonic transmitting module, an ultrasonic receiving module, a pipe wall erosion damage signal analysis and calculation module, a central control module, a communication instruction module and a power supply module; the pipe wall erosion damage condition sensing module is a piezoelectric transducer that converts ultrasonic signals into electrical signals and is used to measure the pipe wall erosion damage condition; the ultrasonic transmitting module is a hardware circuit module that can generate excitation pulses and adjust the frequency, and is used to generate excitation pulses to act on the piezoelectric transducer; the ultrasonic receiving module is a hardware circuit module that can receive and process the echo signal pulses converted by the piezoelectric transducer, and is used to receive and preliminarily process the ultrasonic echo signal; the pipe wall erosion damage signal analysis and calculation module is a pipe wall An algorithm system for echo signal filtering, calculation, feature extraction and analysis is used to analyze the pipe wall erosion damage status represented by the ultrasonic echo signal in real time; a central control module is used to issue control instructions and upload erosion signals; the core of the communication instruction module is an ultra-small watertight cable, which outputs pipe wall erosion damage status information through the RS485 serial port, and at the same time sets parameters for the underwater oil tree outlet pipe wall erosion damage status monitoring device by inputting instructions from the central control platform; the power supply module adopts a transformer power supply, which shares the ultra-small watertight cable with the communication control module to provide transformer power supply for the entire machine; the above modules, methods, etc. are integrated and implemented through an underwater erosion monitor, which can be installed on the underwater oil tree outlet pipe in the form of a mounting bracket through an ROV, and can monitor the underwater oil tree outlet pipe wall erosion damage status in real time.

[0055] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0056] Example 1: Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the device for monitoring the erosion damage condition of the outlet pipe wall of an underwater oil tree provided in this embodiment includes: an ultrasonic transmitting module 1, an erosion damage sensing probe 2, an ultrasonic receiving module 3 and a signal analysis and calculation module 4, wherein:

[0057] Ultrasonic wave transmitting module 1, used for generating excitation electric pulses;

[0058] The erosion damage sensing probe 2 generates an ultrasonic signal when stimulated by the electric pulse. The ultrasonic signal acts on the wall of the outlet pipe of the underwater oil tree and converts the received ultrasonic echo signal of the pipe wall into an electrical signal.

[0059] The ultrasonic receiving module 3 is used to receive and preliminarily process the ultrasonic echo signal sensed and measured by the erosion damage sensing probe 2. Since the original electrical signal converted by the erosion damage sensing probe 2 is extremely weak, in order to prevent the loss of signal characteristics during subsequent signal transmission and analysis and processing, the preliminary processing process mainly performs initial amplification processing on the original signal, wherein the ultrasonic echo signal is defined as the original signal for pipe wall erosion damage monitoring;

[0060] The signal analysis and processing module 4 is used to filter, calculate and analyze the original signal of the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring to obtain the pipe wall erosion damage status.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the erosion damage sensing probe 2 may adopt a single crystal piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer with a delay block structure having high sensitivity, wide-band response, high resolution, and strong signal penetration capability.

[0062] Furthermore, the piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer can convert electric field signals and ultrasonic signals into each other, generate ultrasonic initial waves under the influence of the electric field of the ultrasonic transmitting module 1, and then receive the ultrasonic echo signal of the pipe wall and convert it into an electrical signal, thereby obtaining the remaining wall thickness of the outlet pipe of the underwater oil tree after erosion damage.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ultrasonic transmitting module 1 can adopt a hardware circuit adjustment module that can generate excitation electric pulses and can adjust the frequency, which is used to generate excitation electric pulses to act on the piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic transmitting module 1 can apply an electric field to the piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer and cause it to emit an ultrasonic signal.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ultrasonic receiving module 3 may adopt a hardware circuit adjustment module for receiving and preliminarily processing the echo signal pulses received by the piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer to obtain a pipe wall erosion damage status monitoring signal.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the signal analysis and calculation module 4 can analyze the pipe wall erosion damage condition represented by the ultrasonic echo electrical signal in real time. The signal analysis and calculation module 4 includes a noise reduction filter module, a time domain analysis module, an echo signal discrimination module, a wall thickness calculation module, and a damage judgment module, wherein:

[0066] The noise reduction filter module is used to filter the collected original signal of pipe wall erosion damage monitoring to eliminate high-frequency noise;

[0067] The time domain analysis module is used to perform time domain analysis on the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal after noise reduction and filtering, and determine the effective ultrasonic signal range of the underwater oil tree outlet pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal;

[0068] The echo signal identification module is used to identify the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal within the effective ultrasonic signal range using an adaptive peak-finding algorithm. Specifically, the real-time signal within the effective ultrasonic signal range is normalized and compared with the built-in standard echo peak distribution model. The deviation between the two is calculated. The peak corresponding to the minimum deviation is determined as the effective peak. This is used to determine the time difference between the two ultrasonic echoes at the delay block of the piezoelectric transducer-pipe wall surface and the remaining wall surface of the pipeline erosion damage.

[0069] The wall thickness calculation module is used to calculate the distance difference between two ultrasonic echoes based on the sound velocity. This distance difference is the distance that the ultrasonic wave propagates in the measured pipe wall.

[0070] The damage judgment module monitors the erosion damage condition of the outlet pipe of the underwater oil tree based on the calculated remaining wall thickness of the measured pipeline erosion damage and comparing it with the original wall thickness of the measured pipeline.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a central control module 5 is further included, which is used to issue control instructions and upload erosion signals. For example, a control instruction is issued to control the ultrasonic transmitting module 1 to generate an excitation pulse with adjustable frequency and to cause the electric field to act on the piezoelectric transducer, and the pipe wall echo signal received by the ultrasonic receiving module 4 is uploaded to the signal analysis and calculation module 4.

[0072] A preferred embodiment of the present invention further includes a communication instruction module 6. This module can utilize an ultra-small, watertight communication cable treated with a vulcanization process to output pipe wall erosion damage information via an RS485 serial port. This module also configures parameters for the underwater tree outlet pipe wall erosion damage monitoring device by inputting commands from a central control platform 7. This module is resistant to high temperatures and high pressures. RS485 is a pipe wall erosion damage transmitter based on the Modbus communication protocol.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a power supply module 8 is further included. The power supply module 8 can use a transformer power supply and share an ultra-small watertight cable with the communication control module 6 to power the electrical components of the underwater oil tree outlet pipe wall erosion damage monitoring device.

[0074] A preferred embodiment of the present invention further includes a pressure-resistant housing 9, which can be made of a cylindrical titanium alloy. Each of the aforementioned modular hardware devices is assembled and secured to the housing 9 via a small aluminum heat sink plate 10 secured with insulated bolts. The armored body is secured to the subsea tree outlet pipe via a mounting bracket. During use, the subsea tree outlet pipe erosion damage monitoring device is installed, maintained, and recovered underwater using an ROV. Information on subsea tree outlet pipe erosion damage is transmitted via an RS485 serial port, a watertight communication cable, and a subsea electrical connector to the SCM (Subsea Tree Control Module), and ultimately to the platform central control 7 via an umbilical cable.

[0075] Furthermore, the aluminum heat dissipation plate 10 is in direct contact with the housing 9 to improve the heat dissipation capability of the underwater pipe wall erosion damage monitoring device.

[0076] Furthermore, a D-shaped handle 11 is provided on the top of the housing, and the D-shaped handle 11 facilitates underwater installation, maintenance and recovery of the underwater Christmas tree outlet pipe wall erosion damage monitoring device by ROV.

[0077] Example 2: Figures 3-4 As shown, the present invention provides a method for monitoring the erosion damage condition of the outlet pipe wall of an underwater oil tree, comprising:

[0078] S1. Initialize and perform self-test on the surface of the device for monitoring the erosion damage of the outlet pipe of the underwater tree. If all modules are functioning properly, proceed to the next step; otherwise, repeat this step.

[0079] S2. Using an ROV, insert the underwater tree outlet pipe wall erosion damage monitoring device into a mounting bracket fixed at the bend of the underwater tree outlet pipe 12, so that the erosion damage sensing probe 1 is in close contact with the pipe wall.

[0080] S3. The platform central control 5 controls the external platform power supply module 13 to supply power to the power supply module 8 inside the underwater tree outlet pipe wall erosion damage condition monitor through the umbilical cable 14, the SCM, the watertight power supply cable, and the watertight power supply cable interface 15. Each electronic module in the monitoring device is powered on and automatically starts;

[0081] S4. The platform central control 5 sends a command to the central processor 24 through the watertight communication cable interface 19 to set key monitoring parameters such as the pipe wall erosion damage condition monitoring probe parameters and the pipe wall material sound velocity, and initialize the underwater tree outlet pipe wall erosion damage condition monitoring device;

[0082] S5: After the underwater tree outlet pipe wall erosion damage monitoring device is initialized and officially enters the working mode, the central control module 5 sends a command to the ultrasonic transmitting module 23, and the ultrasonic transmitting module 23 generates an electric pulse signal and sends it to the erosion damage sensing probe 2;

[0083] S6. The erosion damage sensing probe 2 transmits an ultrasonic initial wave toward the subsea tree outlet pipe 12 under the piezoelectric effect. The ultrasonic initial wave generates two ultrasonic echoes at the delay block interface of the erosion damage sensing probe 2 and the erosion damaged wall surface of the subsea tree outlet pipe, respectively.

[0084] S7. The two ultrasonic echoes are sensed by the erosion damage sensing probe 2 and generate electrical signals under the inverse piezoelectric effect. The electrical signals are preliminarily processed by the ultrasonic receiving module 3, thereby realizing the conversion of the ultrasonic signals of the pipe wall erosion damage.

[0085] S8. The echo signal sends a calculation instruction to the erosion signal calculation and analysis module 4 via the central control module 5. The signal calculation and analysis module 4 performs real-time noise reduction, calculation and analysis on the original signal of the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring, and analyzes the pipe wall erosion damage status represented by the ultrasonic echo electrical signal in real time.

[0086] In this embodiment, the process of implementing real-time analysis of the pipe wall erosion damage condition represented by the ultrasonic echo signal includes:

[0087] S81. Preprocess the collected original signal of pipe wall erosion damage monitoring, and use wavelet decomposition and reconstruction noise reduction algorithm to eliminate high-frequency noise and reduce interference from environmental noise and circuit noise;

[0088] S82. If the original signal of the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring is relatively weak, use adaptive filtering (LMS algorithm) to improve the signal-to-noise ratio; otherwise, directly execute S3.

[0089] In this embodiment, the goal of the LMS algorithm is to minimize the square of the original signal error and update the filter coefficients by gradient descent method. The specific implementation method is:

[0090] E[e 2 (n)]=E[(d(n)-w T (n)x(n)) 2 ];

[0091] w(n+1)=w(n)+μx(n)e(n);

[0092] In the above formula, E[e 2(n)] is the mean square error; e(n) is the error between the expected output and the actual output when the filter input is x(n); d(n) is the expected output of the filter when the input is x(n); w(n) is the coefficient vector, and μ is the step size parameter, which controls the balance between the convergence speed and stability of the algorithm.

[0093] S83. Dynamically adjust the gain of the pre-processed pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal based on the signal gain control module.

[0094] In this embodiment, the dynamic gain adjustment process is automatically controlled by the system. The signal gain control module compares the signal strength with the threshold strength. When the echo intensity is lower than the low threshold, the signal gain control module controls the system to gradually increase the gain level until the signal strength is higher than the low threshold and lower than the high threshold, so as to prevent the problem of reduced signal-to-noise ratio caused by too low gain and compensate for the attenuation of ultrasound in the material; when the echo intensity is higher than the high threshold, the signal gain control module controls the system to gradually reduce the gain level until the signal strength is lower than the high threshold and higher than the low threshold, so as to prevent the problem of signal distortion caused by too high gain.

[0095] S84. Based on the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal after gain adjustment, a cross-correlation analysis method is used to determine the effective echo position of the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal.

[0096] In this embodiment, the effective echo position is located by quantifying the similarity between the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal and the standard echo template signal. When the correlation coefficient between the two is high, the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal is determined to be a valid echo. The core mathematical expression of the cross-correlation analysis method is:

[0097]

[0098] Where r(i) is the correlation coefficient, ranging from -1≤r(i)≤1. When r(i) is close to 1, the similarity is higher. x(n) is the standard echo template signal. y i (n) is the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal to be analyzed; and is the mean of the two signal segments; N is the signal length.

[0099] S85. Based on the calculated effective echo position of the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal, determine the transit time between two consecutive ultrasonic echoes at the delay block-pipe wall surface of the piezoelectric single crystal delay block transducer and the remaining wall surface of the pipeline erosion damage. The mathematical expression is:

[0100] Δt=(t1-t0)(t2-t0);

[0101] Where Δt is the transit time between two consecutive ultrasonic echoes; t0 is the time when the ultrasonic wave is first emitted; t1 is the time when the ultrasonic echo is received at the delay block-pipe wall surface of the piezoelectric single crystal delay block transducer; and t2 is the time when the ultrasonic echo is received at the remaining wall surface of the pipeline erosion damage.

[0102] S86. Based on the calculated transit time between two consecutive ultrasonic echoes and in combination with the sound velocity to be measured, the remaining wall thickness of the measured pipe is calculated. The mathematical expression is:

[0103]

[0104] In the above formula, S pipe is the remaining wall thickness of the measured pipe after erosion damage; v pipe is the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the pipe wall being tested.

[0105] S87. Based on the calculated remaining wall thickness of the measured pipeline erosion damage and comparing it with the original wall thickness of the measured pipeline, the erosion damage condition of the underwater tree outlet pipe wall is monitored. The erosion damage condition of the underwater tree outlet pipe wall is transmitted to the platform central control 5 via the watertight communication cable interface 15, the ultra-small five-core watertight communication, the SCM, and the umbilical cable 14, thereby completing the monitoring and output of the pipe wall erosion damage information.

[0106] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In the description of this specification, the reference terms "a preferred embodiment", "further", "specifically", "in the present embodiment", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of this specification. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0107] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring erosion damage of an underwater Christmas tree outlet pipe, characterized in that: include: Ultrasonic wave transmitting module, used for generating excitation electric pulses; The erosion damage sensing probe is used to generate ultrasonic signals in response to the excitation electric pulse. The ultrasonic signals act on the wall of the outlet pipe of the underwater oil tree and convert the received ultrasonic echo signals from the pipe wall into electrical signals. The ultrasonic receiving module is used to receive the ultrasonic echo electrical signal sensed and measured by the erosion damage sensing probe, wherein the ultrasonic echo electrical signal is the original signal for monitoring the erosion damage of the pipe wall; The signal analysis and processing module is used to analyze the pipe wall erosion damage status represented by the original signal of pipe wall erosion damage monitoring in real time.

2. The underwater Christmas tree outlet pipe erosion damage monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The erosion damage sensing probe adopts a single crystal and a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer with a delay block structure. The piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer can convert electric field signals and ultrasonic signals into each other.

3. The underwater Christmas tree outlet pipe erosion damage monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The signal analysis and calculation module includes a noise reduction filter module, a time domain analysis module, an echo signal discrimination module, a wall thickness calculation module and a damage judgment module, wherein: The noise reduction filter module is used to filter the collected original signal of pipe wall erosion damage monitoring to eliminate high-frequency noise; The time domain analysis module is used to perform time domain analysis on the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal after noise reduction and filtering, and determine the effective ultrasonic signal range of the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal at the outlet pipe of the underwater oil tree; The echo signal discrimination module is used to discriminate the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal within the effective ultrasonic signal range using an adaptive peak-finding algorithm, and determine the time difference between two ultrasonic echoes at the delay block-pipe wall surface of the piezoelectric transducer and the remaining wall surface of the pipeline erosion damage; The wall thickness calculation module is used to calculate the distance difference between two ultrasonic echoes in combination with the sound velocity. The distance difference is the distance that the ultrasonic wave propagates in the measured pipe wall. The damage judgment module monitors the erosion damage condition of the outlet pipe of the underwater oil tree based on the calculated residual wall thickness of the measured pipeline erosion damage and comparing it with the original wall thickness of the measured pipeline.

4. The underwater Christmas tree outlet pipe erosion damage monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a communication command module, a power supply module and a central control platform. The communication command module uses an ultra-small watertight communication cable treated by a vulcanization process to output pipe wall erosion damage status information through the RS485 serial port. At the same time, the parameters of the underwater oil tree outlet pipe wall erosion damage status monitoring device are set through the instructions of the central control platform; the power supply module uses a transformer power supply, which shares an ultra-small watertight cable with the communication control module to provide transformer power supply for the entire machine.

5. The underwater Christmas tree outlet pipe erosion damage monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure-resistant shell, which is made of cylindrical titanium alloy. The hardware of each of the above modules is fixedly assembled with a small aluminum heat dissipation plate through insulating bolts and armored with the shell. The aluminum heat dissipation plate is in direct contact with the shell to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the underwater pipe wall erosion damage monitoring device.

6. The underwater Christmas tree outlet pipe erosion damage monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A D-shaped handle is provided on the top of the shell, and the D-shaped handle facilitates underwater installation, maintenance and recovery of the underwater Christmas tree outlet pipe wall erosion damage monitoring device by ROV.

7. A monitoring method for the erosion damage condition monitoring device for the outlet pipe of an underwater Christmas tree according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: Inserting a device for monitoring the erosion damage condition of the outlet pipe wall of the underwater oil tree into the outlet pipe of the underwater oil tree by using an ROV, and making the erosion damage sensing probe contact the pipe wall; The ultrasonic transmitting module generates an electric pulse signal and sends it to the erosion damage sensing probe; The erosion damage sensing probe emits an ultrasonic initial wave toward the underwater tree outlet pipe under the piezoelectric effect, and the ultrasonic initial wave generates two ultrasonic echoes at the delay block interface of the erosion damage sensing probe and the erosion damaged wall surface of the underwater tree outlet pipe respectively; The two ultrasonic echoes are sensed by the erosion damage sensing probe and generate electrical signals under the inverse piezoelectric effect, which are received and processed by the ultrasonic receiving module, thereby realizing the conversion of ultrasonic signals of pipe wall erosion damage; The signal calculation and analysis module performs real-time analysis on the ultrasonic signal of pipe wall erosion damage to obtain the pipe wall erosion damage status.

8. The monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The signal calculation and analysis module performs real-time analysis on the ultrasonic signal of pipe wall erosion damage to obtain the pipe wall erosion damage status, including: Perform noise reduction preprocessing on the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring echo signal to reduce the interference of environmental noise and circuit noise; If the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring echo signal is relatively weak, use adaptive filtering to improve the signal-to-noise ratio; otherwise, proceed to the next step; Dynamically adjust the gain of the pre-processed pipe wall erosion damage monitoring echo signal to compensate for the attenuation of ultrasonic waves in the material; Based on the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal calculated based on the echo signal after dynamic gain adjustment, the effective echo position of the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal is determined by using the cross-correlation analysis method; Based on the calculated effective echo position of the pipe wall erosion damage monitoring signal, determine the transit time between two consecutive ultrasonic echoes at the delay block of the erosion damage sensing probe - the pipe wall surface and the remaining wall surface of the pipeline erosion damage; Based on the calculated transit time between two consecutive ultrasonic echoes, the remaining wall thickness of the measured pipe wall is calculated in combination with the sound velocity to be measured, and the remaining wall thickness of the measured pipe wall is output.

9. The monitoring method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The transit time between two consecutive ultrasound echoes is: Δt=(t1-t0)(t2-t0); Where Δt is the transit time between two consecutive ultrasonic echoes; t0 is the time when the ultrasonic wave is first emitted; t1 is the time when the ultrasonic echo is received at the delay block-pipe wall surface of the piezoelectric single crystal delay block transducer; and t2 is the time when the ultrasonic echo is received at the remaining wall surface of the pipeline erosion damage.

10. The monitoring method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the remaining wall thickness of the measured pipe wall is: In the above formula, S pipe is the remaining wall thickness of the measured pipe after erosion damage; v pipe is the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the pipe wall being tested.

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