Parameter determination method and device of intelligent reflecting surface, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a parameter determination method and device of an intelligent reflecting surface, equipment and a storage medium, relates to the technical field of communication, and is used for solving the problems of improving communication performance and reducing equipment energy consumption and hardware facility deployment cost while meeting communication service requirements of users, and comprises the following steps: obtaining first channel information and second channel information, the first channel information is channel information between the signal transmitting end and the intelligent reflecting surface, the second channel information is channel information between the intelligent reflecting surface and a signal receiving end in a preset area, the intelligent reflecting surface comprises a plurality of reflecting units, and the reflecting units comprise dynamic reflecting units and static reflecting units; and based on the first channel information and the second channel information, determining an adjustment parameter of the intelligent reflecting surface under the condition that the performance parameter of the signal receiving end is optimal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for determining parameters of a smart reflective surface. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication networks, the number of mobile devices is growing exponentially, leading to an increasing demand for high-data-rate services. Although technologies such as massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), millimeter-wave communications, and ultra-dense networks can significantly improve wireless transmission capabilities, they require an increase in the number of antennas deployed at base stations.

[0003] As the number of antennas on base stations continues to increase, energy consumption and hardware costs will increase. Furthermore, increasing carrier frequencies will lead to higher path loss, further increasing energy consumption. Therefore, while meeting users' communication service needs, it is necessary to improve communication performance, reduce equipment energy consumption, and reduce hardware deployment costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for determining parameters of a smart reflective surface, which are used to solve the problem of improving communication performance, reducing equipment energy consumption, and reducing hardware facility deployment costs while meeting users' communication service needs.

[0005] On the one hand, a method for determining parameters of an intelligent reflecting surface is provided, the method comprising: obtaining first channel information and second channel information, where the first channel information is channel information between a signal transmitting end and the intelligent reflecting surface, and the second channel information is channel information between the intelligent reflecting surface and a signal receiving end within a preset area, the intelligent reflecting surface comprising a plurality of reflecting units, the types of which include dynamic reflecting units and static reflecting units; and based on the first channel information and the second channel information, determining adjustment parameters of the intelligent reflecting surface when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0006] In another aspect, a device for determining parameters of a smart reflecting surface is provided, comprising: an acquisition module and a processing module. The acquisition module is configured to acquire first channel information and second channel information, wherein the first channel information is channel information between a signal transmitting end and the smart reflecting surface, and the second channel information is channel information between the smart reflecting surface and a signal receiving end within a preset area. The smart reflecting surface includes multiple reflecting units, including dynamic and static reflecting units. The processing module is configured to determine, based on the first and second channel information, adjustment parameters of the smart reflecting surface for optimal performance parameters at the signal receiving end.

[0007] On the other hand, a communication device is provided, comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory and the processor are coupled; the memory is used to store instructions executable by the processor; and when the processor executes the instructions, it executes the method for determining parameters of the smart reflective surface of any of the above embodiments.

[0008] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer instructions are stored. When the computer instructions are executed on a computer, the computer executes the method for determining parameters of the smart reflective surface in any of the above embodiments.

[0009] In yet another aspect, a computer program product is provided. When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the method for determining parameters of the smart reflective surface according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0010] In the disclosed embodiments, based on channel information between a signal transmitter and the smart reflective surface, as well as channel information between the smart reflective surface and a signal receiver within a predetermined area, the adjustment parameters of each dynamic and static reflective unit included in the smart reflective surface can be accurately determined, assuming optimal performance parameters for the signal receiver. This allows for adjustment of each reflective unit within the smart reflective surface. This parameter-adjusted smart reflective surface can improve communication performance between the signal transmitter and the signal receiver within the predetermined area, reducing device energy consumption and hardware deployment costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings described below are only drawings of some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0012] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a communication system provided for some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0013] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a method for determining parameters of a smart reflective surface provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0014] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a structural example of a smart reflective surface provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an application scenario example of a smart reflective surface provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0016] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of another method for determining parameters of a smart reflective surface provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 6 A schematic flow chart of another method for determining parameters of a smart reflective surface provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 7 A schematic flow chart of another method for determining parameters of a smart reflective surface provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 8 A schematic flow chart of another method for determining parameters of a smart reflective surface provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 9 A schematic flow chart of another method for determining parameters of a smart reflective surface provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a structural example of another smart reflective surface provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the relationship between the ratio of received power and the azimuth angle provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the relationship between a received power ratio and the accuracy of a phase shift parameter provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the relationship between a received power ratio and the scale of a smart reflective surface provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 14 A schematic structural diagram of a device for determining parameters of a smart reflective surface provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 15 A schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of this disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this disclosure, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of this disclosure without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0028] It should be noted that in this disclosure, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described in this disclosure as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0029] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0030] In the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, " / " means "or." For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this document simply describes an association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exists simultaneously, and B exists alone. Furthermore, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more.

[0031] Before introducing in detail the method for determining parameters of the smart reflective surface provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the implementation environment and application scenarios of the embodiment of the present disclosure are first introduced.

[0032] First, the application scenarios of the embodiments of the present disclosure are introduced.

[0033] In wireless communication networks, to address the issue of the increasing number of antennas on base stations caused by the rapid development of communication technology, which in turn leads to higher energy consumption and hardware facility costs, intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) have received widespread attention and become a promising technical solution in wireless network technology.

[0034] Smart reflective surfaces typically consist of a large number of reconfigurable dynamic reflective units, each capable of reflecting the incident signal with an adjustable phase shift. By properly adjusting the phase shifts of all dynamic reflective units based on channel state information, the signal reflected by the smart reflective surface can enhance the power of the desired signal and suppress co-channel interference. This can significantly improve the spectral efficiency, energy efficiency, security, and reliability of wireless communication systems. Furthermore, the low cost and low weight of smart reflective surfaces make them easy to install on building walls or ceilings. They can also be integrated into existing cellular systems without requiring hardware changes to base stations / access points or user terminals.

[0035] However, a significant issue with current smart reflective surfaces is the high power consumption of large-scale smart reflective surfaces and the hardware cost of their deployment. Current power consumption tests of smart reflective surfaces show that, for dynamic power consumption, each dynamic reflective unit on the smart reflective surface consists of a PIN diode, consuming approximately 10 milliwatts of power. The static power consumption of smart reflective surfaces is primarily due to power losses caused by the drive circuit. As the size of smart reflective surfaces increases, when the number of reconfigurable elements reaches hundreds, the power consumption of the drive circuit will reach hundreds or even thousands of milliwatts. Furthermore, in addition to dynamic and static power consumption, the deployment of a large number of reflective units and their associated control circuits on smart reflective surfaces also presents challenges of complexity and high cost, which will significantly impact their deployment in future communication systems.

[0036] For example, a traditional smart reflective surface is a reflective element array in which all positions are passive dynamic reflective elements, and its power consumption and hardware cost are relatively high. A hybrid active-passive smart reflective surface replaces some of the passive dynamic reflective elements in the traditional smart reflective surface with active dynamic reflective elements, which will enhance the performance of the system, but will also bring about greater power consumption and hardware cost. A sparse smart reflective surface is a surface in which some of the passive dynamic reflective elements in the traditional smart reflective surface are eliminated, that is, reflective elements are no longer placed in some selected positions, making the reflective element array of the reflective surface sparse. Due to the reduction in the number of reflective elements, the power consumption and hardware cost of the sparse smart reflective surface will decrease, but due to the reduction in the number of reflective elements, a large or even unacceptable performance loss will also occur.

[0037] Therefore, further consideration needs to be given to how to configure smart reflective surfaces in order to meet users' communication service needs while improving communication performance, reducing equipment energy consumption, and reducing the deployment costs of hardware facilities.

[0038] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for determining parameters of a smart reflecting surface. The method for determining parameters of a smart reflecting surface provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is applied to a communication system composed of a signal transmitting end and a signal receiving end.

[0039] The present disclosure uses first channel information between the signal transmitter and the smart reflective surface, and second channel information between the smart reflective surface and the signal receiver within a preset area, to determine the adjustment parameters of the smart reflective surface when the performance parameters of the signal receiver are optimized. This allows accurate determination of the adjustment parameters of the dynamic and static reflective units included in the smart reflective surface based on the channel information between the signal transmitter, the smart reflective surface, and the signal receiver within the preset area, thereby adjusting each reflective unit within the smart reflective surface. Furthermore, the smart reflective surface can improve communication performance between the signal transmitter and the signal receiver within the preset area, reducing equipment energy consumption and hardware deployment costs.

[0040] In other words, by using the channel information between the signal transmitter and the smart reflective surface, as well as the channel information between the smart reflective surface and the signal receiver within a predetermined area, the adjustment parameters of the dynamic and static reflective units included in the smart reflective surface can be gradually determined. Furthermore, based on the determined adjustment parameters, each dynamic and static reflective unit can be adjusted to optimize the performance parameters of the signal receiver when the smart reflective surface reflects signals between the signal transmitter and the signal receiver. This type of smart reflective surface can improve communication performance between the signal transmitter and the signal receiver within a predetermined area, while reducing equipment energy consumption and hardware deployment costs.

[0041] The implementation environment of the embodiments of the present disclosure is introduced below.

[0042] like Figure 1 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication system may include a signal transmitter 101, a signal receiver 102, and a smart reflective surface 103. Signal transmitter 101 and signal receiver 102 communicate wirelessly with each other, and smart reflective surface 103 is used to reflect signals between the signal transmitter and the signal receiver, thereby improving communication performance between the signal transmitter and the signal receiver within a predetermined area.

[0043] It should be noted that the signal transmitting end 101 can be a base station, and the signal receiving end 102 can be a mobile terminal. The parameter determination method of the intelligent reflecting surface provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be executed by the signal transmitting end 101, or can be executed by other devices (such as the signal receiving end 102 or other electronic devices), which is not limited here.

[0044] In some embodiments, the signal transmitting end 101 can obtain first channel information between the signal transmitting end 101 and the smart reflecting surface 103, and second channel information between the smart reflecting surface 103 and the signal receiving end 102 within a preset area; then, based on the first channel information and the second channel information, determine the adjustment parameters of the smart reflecting surface 103 when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end 102 are optimal.

[0045] Specifically, the performance parameter of the signal receiving end 102 may be any one of receiving power, spectrum efficiency, and energy efficiency.

[0046] It should be noted that the application of smart reflecting surface 103 is not limited to single-user, single-antenna scenarios, but can also be applied to more complex multi-user, multi-antenna scenarios. When smart reflecting surface 103 is applied in a single-user, single-antenna scenario, since there is no interference between signal transmitter 101 and signal receiver 102, optimization of received power can be used as an indicator to determine the impact of interference on communication system performance. When smart reflecting surface 103 is applied in a multi-user, multi-antenna scenario, since inter-stream interference or inter-user interference exists between signal transmitter 101 and signal receiver 102, optimization of spectral efficiency and / or energy efficiency can be used as an indicator to determine the impact of interference on communication system performance.

[0047] In some embodiments, the adjustment parameter may include at least one of a position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, a phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, a position parameter of the static reflection unit, and a phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit.

[0048] In some embodiments, the signal transmitting end 101 may first determine, based on the first channel information and the second channel information, the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit included in the smart reflection surface 103 when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end 102 are optimal; and then, based on the first channel information, the second channel information and the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit, determine, based on the first channel information, the second channel information and the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit, the phase shift parameters of the static reflection unit and the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflection unit included in the smart reflection surface 103 when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end 102 are optimal.

[0049] Specifically, the signal transmitting end 101 can first construct a first objective function based on the first channel information and the second channel information to optimize the performance parameters of the signal receiving end 102; then, under the first constraint condition, based on the first objective function, obtain the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit included in the smart reflection surface 103 when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end 102 are optimal.

[0050] More specifically, under the first constraint, signal transmitting end 101 can solve the first objective function using a first preset algorithm to obtain position parameters of the dynamic reflective units included in smart reflective surface 103 when the performance parameters of signal receiving end 102 are optimized. The first preset algorithm includes at least one of the following: a discrete particle swarm algorithm, a genetic algorithm, an ant colony algorithm, and an immune algorithm.

[0051] In some embodiments, the signal transmitting end 101 may first determine the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit based on the first channel information, the second channel information, and the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit; and then determine the phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit based on the first channel information, the second channel information, the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, and the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit.

[0052] Alternatively, the signal transmitting end 101 may first determine the phase shift parameter of the static reflector unit based on the first channel information, the second channel information, and the position parameter of the dynamic reflector unit; and then determine the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflector unit based on the first channel information, the second channel information, the position parameter of the dynamic reflector unit, and the phase shift parameter of the static reflector unit.

[0053] Specifically, the signal transmitting end 101 can construct a second objective function with the goal of optimizing the performance parameters of the signal receiving end 102 based on the first channel information, the second channel information and the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit; then, under the second constraint condition, based on the second objective function, the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflection unit (or static reflection unit) are obtained when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end 102 are optimal.

[0054] More specifically, under the second constraint condition, the signal sending end 101 can solve the second objective function through a second preset algorithm to obtain the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflection unit (or static reflection unit) when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end 102 are optimal; the second preset algorithm includes at least one of the following: manifold optimization algorithm, gradient descent method, coordinate iteration method and penalty function method.

[0055] In some embodiments, the signal transmitting end 101 can construct a third objective function aimed at optimizing the performance parameters of the signal receiving end 102 based on the first channel information, the second channel information, the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit, and the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflection unit (or the static reflection unit); then, under the third constraint condition, based on the third objective function, the phase shift parameters of the static reflection unit (or the dynamic reflection unit) are obtained when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end 102 are optimal.

[0056] In some embodiments, the signal transmitting end 101 may further construct a Cauchy-Schwartz inequality with the goal of optimizing the performance parameters of the signal receiving end 102 based on the first channel information, the second channel information, and the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit; then, based on the Cauchy-Schwartz inequality, the phase shift parameters of the static reflection unit and the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflection unit are obtained when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end 102 are optimal.

[0057] In some embodiments, the signal transmitting end 101 may further adjust the smart reflective surface 103 based on the adjustment parameters.

[0058] In some embodiments, the adjustment parameters include: a position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, a phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, and a phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit; the signal transmitting end 101 can adjust the operating state of at least one dynamic reflection unit included in the smart reflection surface based on the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit; and adjust the phase shift of the dynamic reflection unit whose operating state is on in at least one dynamic reflection unit based on the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit; and adjust the phase shift of at least one static reflection unit included in the smart reflection surface based on the phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit.

[0059] In some embodiments, the adjustment parameters include position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit or the position parameters of the static reflection unit, and the adjustment parameters also include: phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflection unit and phase shift parameters of the static reflection unit. When each of the multiple reflection units includes a control switch, the signal sending end 101 can trigger the control switch to adjust the type of each of the multiple reflection units based on the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit or the position parameters of the static reflection unit; then, based on the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflection unit, adjust the phase shift of the dynamic reflection unit among the multiple reflection units; and, based on the phase shift parameters of the static reflection unit, adjust the phase shift of the static reflection unit among the multiple reflection units.

[0060] In some embodiments, the signal transmitting end 101 also needs to send adjustment parameters to the smart reflecting surface 103 .

[0061] After introducing the application scenarios and implementation environment of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the parameter determination method of the smart reflective surface provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is described in detail below in combination with the above implementation environment.

[0062] The present disclosure provides a method for determining parameters of a smart reflective surface, which is applied to communication equipment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the method for determining parameters of the smart reflective surface may include: S201-S202.

[0063] S201: A communication device obtains first channel information and second channel information.

[0064] Among them, the first channel information is the channel information between the signal sending end and the smart reflecting surface, and the second channel information is the channel information between the smart reflecting surface and the signal receiving end in the preset area. The smart reflecting surface includes multiple reflecting units, and the types of reflecting units include dynamic reflecting units and static reflecting units.

[0065] Optionally, the communication device may be a signal transmitting end or a signal receiving end, or may also be a smart reflective surface. Specifically, the signal transmitting end may be a base station, and the signal receiving end may be a mobile terminal.

[0066] It should be noted that the intelligent reflecting surface can also be called a heterogeneous intelligent reflecting surface (HE-IRS), which is used in scenarios where the direct communication link between end-to-end is interrupted. The intelligent reflecting surface provides a virtual communication link, or in an end-to-end direct communication link, the intelligent reflecting surface assists in enhancing the performance of the communication system. Among them, the multiple reflection units included in the intelligent reflecting surface are passive elements, and their main function is to modulate the wireless signal sent by the signal transmitting end, radiate it to one side, and reflect it to the signal receiving end. In addition, the dynamic reflection unit and the static reflection unit can be passive reflection units.

[0067] In the disclosed embodiment, the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflection unit can be adjusted in real time to flexibly adjust the phase of the wireless signal; the static reflection unit has a fixed phase shift parameter, which produces a fixed phase shift for the wireless signal, and can achieve phase adjustment of the wireless signal with nearly infinite precision.

[0068] For example, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a structure example of a smart reflective surface provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the traditional smart reflective surface only contains dynamic reflective units (Dynamically tunable elements, DTEs), and the heterogeneous smart reflective surface provided in the embodiment of the present application contains both dynamic reflective units and statically tunable elements (STEs).

[0069] It should be noted that the dynamic reflector unit is equipped with a control circuit that enables it to dynamically configure the corresponding phase shift parameters according to different wireless environments. The static reflector unit is composed of a fixed physical structure and circuit metasurface. It has no control circuit and can maintain the same and fixed phase shift adjustment for all wireless signals. The phase shift parameters cannot be reconfigured. Compared with the dynamic reflector unit, the static reflector unit, which lacks a control circuit, has significantly lower hardware complexity and power consumption. In addition, the dynamic reflector unit and the static reflector unit have different phase shift resolutions. The phase shift resolution of the static reflector unit is higher than that of the dynamic reflector unit.

[0070] For example, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario example of a smart reflective surface provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 The figure shows a downlink narrowband single-input single-output system assisted by a smart reflective surface. Both the base station (i.e., the signal transmitter) and the user terminal (i.e., the signal receiver) are devices equipped with a single antenna. The path between the base station and the user terminal is blocked by obstacles, and the direct path of the wireless signal between the base station and the user terminal dominates all transmission channels. The channel from the base station to the smart reflective surface is fixed, and it is assumed that user terminals can be randomly distributed within a certain area. Based on the distribution range of user terminals, their angular distribution space relative to the smart reflective surface can be divided. The first channel information between the signal transmitter and the smart reflective surface is represented by H, and the second channel information between the smart reflective surface and the signal receiver within the preset area is represented by G.

[0071] Optionally, the intelligent reflector-assisted communication system provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present application is not limited to single-user terminal and single-antenna scenarios, but can also be applied to more complex multi-user terminal and multi-antenna scenarios. In the scenario based on a single-user terminal and a single antenna, since there is no interference, the received power optimization can be used as the performance indicator of the communication system. In the scenario of multi-user terminals and multiple antennas, due to the presence of inter-stream interference or inter-user interference, indicators such as spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency can be selected as performance indicators that consider the impact of interference on communication quality. The embodiment of the present application takes the scenario of a single-user terminal and a single antenna as an example for exemplary description.

[0072] S202: The communication device determines, based on the first channel information and the second channel information, adjustment parameters of the smart reflective surface when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the performance parameter includes any one of the following: received power, spectrum efficiency, and energy efficiency. The embodiment of the present disclosure is exemplified by taking received power optimization (also called maximization) as an example.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the adjustment parameter includes at least one of the following: a position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, a phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, a position parameter of the static reflection unit, and a phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit.

[0075] Exemplarily, the adjustment parameters may include: a position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, a phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, and a phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit; or, the adjustment parameters may include: a position parameter of the static reflection unit, a phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, and a phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit. Assuming that the adjustment parameters include any combination of some of the above four parameters, the parameters not included can be set as quantitative parameters (e.g., preset constants) to optimize the parameters included in the adjustment parameters through the embodiments of the present application.

[0076] It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments can decouple the complex problem of determining the adjustment parameters of a smart reflective surface into the subproblem of determining the position parameters and phase shift parameters of different reflective units. The position parameters of each reflective unit are first determined, and then the phase shift parameters of the dynamic and static reflective units are alternately determined, ultimately resulting in the position parameters and phase shift parameters for each reflective unit in the smart reflective surface.

[0077] Specifically, in a single-user terminal, single-antenna scenario, we first construct an optimization problem for a performance parameter (e.g., average received power) within a certain angular space. The problem of determining the adjustment parameters of the smart reflector surface is then decoupled into the subproblem of determining the position parameters and phase shift parameters of different reflector units. Furthermore, the position parameters of the different reflector units are optimized first, followed by alternate optimization of the dependent parameters of the dynamic and static reflector units. Finally, the adjustment parameters of the smart reflector surface are output as the position and phase shift parameters of each reflector unit, including the dynamic and static reflector units.

[0078] It is understandable that in different situations, when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal, the adjustment parameters of the smart reflective surface determined are different.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the communication device adjusts the smart reflective surface based on the adjustment parameters.

[0080] Optionally, when the communication device is an intelligent reflecting surface, the intelligent reflecting surface may directly adjust each reflecting unit based on the determined adjustment parameter.

[0081] Optionally, when the communication device is a base station, adjusting the smart reflective surface based on the adjustment parameter includes: the communication device sending the adjustment parameter to the smart reflective surface.

[0082] It is understandable that when the communication device is a device other than the smart reflective surface, it is necessary to send the adjustment parameters of the smart reflective surface to the smart reflective surface after the communication device determines the adjustment parameters of the smart reflective surface, and the smart reflective surface adjusts each reflective unit based on the adjustment parameters.

[0083] In the disclosed embodiments, the static reflective units in the smart reflective surface require no control circuitry and consume no power, resulting in lower power consumption and hardware costs. Furthermore, the static reflective units offer high beamforming accuracy, helping to improve the beamforming performance of the system assisted by the smart reflective surface. Overall, the smart reflective surface achieves higher performance with lower power consumption and hardware costs.

[0084] In one possible implementation, in the communication system of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the phase shift parameter of each reflective unit in the smart reflective surface can be expressed as a diagonal matrix. For a smart reflective surface having M reflective units, its mathematical expression is shown in Formula 1:

[0085]

[0086] Wherein, Φ=diag(φ) represents the diagonal phase shift coefficient matrix of the static reflection unit, The diagonal phase shift coefficient matrix of the dynamic reflection unit can be configured according to the channel state information (CSI), φ = [φ1, φ2, ..., φ M ] T represents the phase shift coefficient vector of the static reflection unit, represents the phase shift coefficient vector of the dynamic reflection unit, Represents the position coefficient matrix, a=[a1,a2,…,a M ] T represents the position coefficient vector, a m =1 means that the reflection unit at the mth position in the intelligent reflection surface is a dynamic reflection unit, a m =0 indicates that the reflection unit at the mth position in the smart reflection surface is a static reflection unit.

[0087] Further, through Represents the first channel information (i.e., channel coefficient vector) between the signal transmitting end and the smart reflective surface, through represents the second channel information between the smart reflective surface and the signal receiving end within the preset area, and a represents the position parameter of the reflective unit. The received signals corresponding to the angular directions of the signal receiving end at different positions within the preset area relative to the smart reflective surface can be expressed by Formula 2:

[0088]

[0089] in, Represents the phase shift coefficient vector of the static reflection unit corresponding to the nth angular direction. n Represents the wireless signal sent in the nth angular direction and satisfies z n Represents the Gaussian noise at the signal receiving end in the nth angular direction, with an average value of 0 and a variance of σ 2 .

[0090] It should be noted that because the smart reflective surface structure includes dynamic and static reflective units, two reflective units in different states, the final received signal can be considered the sum of the signals reflected by these two reflective units. Therefore, the received signal is expressed by the above formula 2, where the former represents the reflected signal of the static reflective unit and the latter represents the reflected signal of the dynamic reflective unit.

[0091] Therefore, the mathematical form of the received power of the signal receiving end at different locations within the preset area (which can be called the received power of the signal receiving end in the nth angular direction) can be expressed by Formula 3:

[0092]

[0093] Then, let τ represent the sparsity, that is, the ratio of the number of dynamic reflection units included in the smart reflection surface to the number of all reflection units. L=2 b represents the set of bit discrete phase shift coefficient values ​​of the dynamic reflection unit, then the optimization problem based on the average received power can be expressed by formula 4:

[0094]

[0095] Among them, a m ∈{0,1}, Indicates that the reflective units included in the smart reflective surface are dynamic reflective units or static reflective units, |a|0=(1-τ)M indicates that the number of static reflective units is (1-τ)M, |φ m |=1, represents the accuracy of the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflection unit (i.e., limited phase shift accuracy), Indicates the accuracy of the phase shift parameters of the static reflector unit (i.e. infinite phase shift accuracy).

[0096] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 5 As shown, the method for determining parameters of the smart reflective surface may specifically include: S501-S503. The above S202 may specifically be implemented through S502 and S503.

[0097] S501: A communication device obtains first channel information and second channel information.

[0098] Specifically, for the description of S501 , reference may be made to the above steps, which will not be repeated here.

[0099] S502: Determine, based on the first channel information and the second channel information, position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0100] Optionally, based on the first channel information and the second channel information, position parameters of the static reflection unit may be determined when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0101] It should be noted that since the reflection units included on the smart reflection surface are dynamic reflection units or static reflection units, the position parameters of any type of reflection unit in the dynamic reflection unit or the static reflection unit can be determined based on the first channel information and the second channel information when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal, and the position parameters of each reflection unit in the dynamic reflection unit or the static reflection unit can be determined.

[0102] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, determining the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal based on the first channel information and the second channel information may specifically include:

[0103] Based on the first channel information and the second channel information, a first objective function is constructed with the goal of optimizing the performance parameters of the signal receiving end. The variables in the first objective function include position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit.

[0104] Under the first constraint condition, based on the first objective function, the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit are obtained when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal. The first constraint condition is used to constrain the type of reflection units in the intelligent reflection surface and the number of static reflection units in the intelligent reflection surface.

[0105] For example, based on Formula 4, the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit is controlled as a variable, and the other parameters are set as quantitative parameters (for example, initial values ​​are set), so that a first objective function aiming at optimizing the performance parameters of the signal receiving end can be constructed, as shown in Formula 5:

[0106]

[0107] Among them, a m ∈{0,1}, and ‖a‖0=(1-τ)M is the first constraint condition, a m ∈{0,1}, Used to constrain the type of reflection unit in the smart reflection surface, i.e. am =1 means that the reflection unit at the mth position in the intelligent reflection surface is a dynamic reflection unit, a m =0 indicates that the reflection unit at the mth position in the smart reflection surface is a static reflection unit, and ‖a‖0=(1-τ)M is used to constrain the number of static reflection units in the smart reflection surface.

[0108] It's understandable that the first objective function (Formula 5) only considers the position parameters of the dynamic reflective units. This is because the placement of dynamic reflective units on a smart reflective surface can affect its performance. Furthermore, since the position parameters are determined first, only two of the subsequent constraints are related to them. The remaining constraints set quantitative parameters, thus preemptively determining the unknown parameters.

[0109] Furthermore, the l0-norm (i.e., ‖a‖0=(1-τ)M) restriction can be introduced into the first objective function as a penalty term, and the first objective function can be further expressed as Formula 6:

[0110]

[0111] Where α is the penalty coefficient, ξ is the penalty function, and its expression is shown in Formula 7:

[0112]

[0113] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, under the first constraint condition, based on the first objective function, the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit are obtained when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal. Specifically, it can be: under the first constraint condition, the first objective function is solved by the first preset algorithm to obtain the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0114] The first preset algorithm includes at least one of the following: discrete particle swarm algorithm, genetic algorithm, ant colony algorithm, and immune algorithm.

[0115] It should be noted that since α is a discrete variable, the first preset algorithm can be used to solve the first objective function. The discrete particle swarm algorithm (DPS) is used as an example for this purpose. The DPS algorithm can perform parallel searches, exploring multiple solutions simultaneously and accelerating the problem-solving process. It also performs global searches, excelling at finding the global optimal solution through information exchange and experience sharing between particles, avoiding being trapped in local optimal solutions. Furthermore, the DPS algorithm can adapt to different types of problems by adjusting particle speed and position update strategies, improving search efficiency. Furthermore, it does not require complex mathematical calculations such as gradients or second-order derivatives, nor does it depend on the specific form of the problem, making it easier to understand and implement.

[0116] It can be understood that the core of the discrete particle swarm algorithm lies in the updating rules of the particle speed and position. In the process of searching for the optimal solution in the problem space, the particles gradually approach the global optimal solution through continuous communication and cooperation.

[0117] Specifically, based on the discrete particle swarm algorithm, the specific process of solving the first objective function may include:

[0118] 1. Initialize the particle swarm: Generate some particles randomly, each particle has a random position and speed. For example, the position and speed of the i-th particle are x i =(x i1 ,x i2 ,…,x iM ) and v i =(v i1 ,v i2 ,…,v iM ).

[0119] 2. Calculate the fitness function: For each particle, calculate the fitness function value, that is, measure the quality of the solution represented by the particle in the problem space. The fitness function is divided into the optimal value of a particle and the global optimal value of all particles. For example, the local optimal solution of the i-th example is p ibest =(p i1 ,p i2 ,…,p iM ), the global optimal solution is g best =(g i1 ,g i2 ,…,g iM ).

[0120] 3. Update particle speed and position: Update the particle speed and position according to the particle's current speed, position, local optimal solution, and global optimal solution. The specific method is shown in Formula 8:

[0121]

[0122] Among them, c k is the learning factor, r k is a random number distributed in [0,1], v max represents the maximum value of the velocity. Since a is a discrete variable, a discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm is required. Therefore, the corresponding discretization rule is shown in Formula 9:

[0123]

[0124] Among them, s(v i,j ) is the decision x i,j The threshold is 0 or 1.

[0125] 4. Check stopping criteria: If the specified stopping criteria are met, such as reaching the required number of iterations or finding a satisfactory solution, the algorithm stops and returns the optimal solution. Otherwise, it returns to step 2 and continues iterating.

[0126] Similarly, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, determining the position parameters of the static reflector unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal based on the first channel information and the second channel information may specifically include:

[0127] Based on the first channel information and the second channel information, a function is constructed with the goal of optimizing the performance parameters of the signal receiving end, where variables in the function include position parameters of the static reflection unit.

[0128] Then, under the corresponding constraints, the position parameters of the static reflection unit are obtained based on the function when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal. The corresponding constraints are used to constrain the type of reflection units in the intelligent reflection surface and the number of dynamic reflection units in the intelligent reflection surface.

[0129] It should be noted that, for the specific determination of the position parameters of the static reflection unit, reference may be made to the description of determining the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit, which will not be repeated here.

[0130] S503 : Determine, based on the first channel information, the second channel information, and the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, a phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit and a phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameter of the signal receiving end is optimal.

[0131] It should be noted that due to the mutual coupling of multiple variables and the non-convex and non-smooth nature of the optimization problem, directly solving the original problem is very difficult. Therefore, in the disclosed embodiment, the position parameters (also known as the position coefficient matrix or position coefficient vector) and the phase shift parameters (also known as the phase shift coefficient matrix or phase shift coefficient vector) of the reflector unit are first decoupled. The position parameters are first solved, and then the phase shift parameters are solved using an alternating optimization algorithm.

[0132] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 6 As shown, the method for determining parameters of the smart reflective surface may specifically include: S601-S604, and the above S503 may specifically be implemented through S603 and S604.

[0133] S601: A communication device obtains first channel information and second channel information.

[0134] S602: Determine, based on the first channel information and the second channel information, position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0135] Specifically, for the description of S601 and S602 , reference may be made to the above steps, which will not be repeated here.

[0136] S603 : Determine a phase shift parameter of the first reflecting unit based on the first channel information, the second channel information, and a position parameter of the dynamic reflecting unit.

[0137] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, determining the phase shift parameter of the first reflector unit based on the first channel information, the second channel information, and the position parameter of the dynamic reflector unit may specifically include:

[0138] Based on the first channel information, the second channel information and the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, a second objective function is constructed to optimize the performance parameters of the signal receiving end. The variables in the second objective function include the phase shift parameter of the first reflection unit.

[0139] Under the second constraint, based on the second objective function, the phase shift parameter of the first reflective unit is obtained when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal. The second constraint is used to constrain the accuracy of the phase shift parameter of the first reflective unit in the smart reflective surface.

[0140] For example, when the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit are determined, the phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit (or the dynamic reflection unit) can be controlled as a variable based on Formula 10, while other parameters are set as quantitative parameters (for example, initial values). This can construct a second objective function aimed at optimizing the performance parameters of the signal receiving end, as shown in Formula 10:

[0141]

[0142] Among them, Different from represents the phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit, Indicates the channel information between the static reflective unit in the intelligent reflective surface and the signal receiving end in the preset area. Indicates the channel information between the signal transmitter and the static reflector unit in the smart reflector surface. represents the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, Indicates the channel information between the dynamic reflection unit in the intelligent reflection surface and the signal receiving end in the preset area. Indicates the channel information between the signal transmitter and the dynamic reflector unit in the smart reflector surface.

[0143] It can be understood that, based on Formula 4, by constraining the relevant parameters of the static reflection unit and setting the relevant parameters of the dynamic reflection unit as quantitative parameters, the above Formula 10 can be obtained.

[0144] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, under the second constraint condition, based on the second objective function, the phase shift parameters of the first reflection unit are obtained when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal. Specifically, it can be: under the second constraint condition, the second objective function is solved by the second preset algorithm to obtain the phase shift parameters of the first reflection unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0145] The second preset algorithm includes at least one of the following: a manifold optimization algorithm, a gradient descent method, a coordinate iteration method, and a penalty function method.

[0146] It should be noted that since the optimization problem represented by the second objective function is still non-convex, a second preset algorithm can be used to solve the second objective function. The manifold optimization algorithm is used as an example for illustrative purposes. The manifold optimization algorithm is used to process high-dimensional problems. It can leverage the properties of the manifold structure to quickly and efficiently search for optimal solutions in high-dimensional space. It can adapt to nonlinear relationships and capture the nonlinear characteristics of the problem through local approximation and optimization on the manifold, making the manifold optimization algorithm highly adaptable and has high application potential. In addition, it supports multiple constraints and can handle multiple constraints such as equality constraints, inequality constraints, and boundary constraints.

[0147] Specifically, the basic principle of the manifold optimization algorithm is to regard the feasible set as a manifold (for example, the second objective function is regarded as a feasible set on the manifold of the complex circle). Its core is to optimize the objective function by following the path on the manifold in each iteration. This is achieved by defining a distance metric on the manifold using Riemannian geometry, and then using a gradient-based method based on the manifold structure for optimization.

[0148] Specifically, the Euclidean gradient of the second objective function can be expressed as Formula 11:

[0149]

[0150] Furthermore, by orthogonally projecting the Euclidean gradient onto the tangent space, we can obtain the tangent vector, which is the fastest descent direction on the complex circular manifold, expressed as Formula 12:

[0151]

[0152] Then, by searching along the direction of the tangent vector, the local optimal phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit can be found.

[0153] S604: Determine a phase shift parameter of the second reflecting unit based on the first channel information, the second channel information, the position parameter of the dynamic reflecting unit, and the phase shift parameter of the first reflecting unit.

[0154] The first reflecting unit is a dynamic reflecting unit, and the second reflecting unit is a static reflecting unit; or the first reflecting unit is a static reflecting unit, and the second reflecting unit is a dynamic reflecting unit.

[0155] It is understood that after determining the position parameters of the dynamic reflector unit, the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflector unit can be determined first, and then the phase shift parameters of the static reflector unit can be determined; alternatively, the phase shift parameters of the static reflector unit can be determined first, and then the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflector unit can be determined. This application does not limit the order in which the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflector unit and the phase shift parameters of the static reflector unit are determined. The exemplary method of first determining the phase shift parameters of the static reflector unit and then determining the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflector unit is used for illustrative purposes only.

[0156] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, determining the phase shift parameter of the second reflector unit based on the first channel information, the second channel information, the position parameter of the dynamic reflector unit, and the phase shift parameter of the first reflector unit may specifically include:

[0157] Based on the first channel information, the second channel information, the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit and the phase shift parameter of the first reflection unit, a third objective function is constructed with the goal of optimizing the performance parameters of the signal receiving end, and the variables in the third objective function include the phase shift parameter of the second reflection unit.

[0158] Under the third constraint, based on the third objective function, the phase shift parameter of the second reflective unit is obtained when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal. The third constraint is used to constrain the accuracy of the phase shift parameter of the second reflective unit in the smart reflective surface.

[0159] For example, when determining the phase shift parameter of the static reflector unit, the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflector unit can be controlled as a variable based on Formula 13, while other parameters are set as quantitative parameters (for example, initial values). This can construct a third objective function aimed at optimizing the performance parameters of the signal receiving end, as shown in Formula 13:

[0160]

[0161] Furthermore, based on the third objective function, it can be determined that a closed-form solution exists for the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflector unit. Therefore, the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflector unit can be expressed by Formula 14:

[0162]

[0163] Furthermore, since the accuracy of the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit is limited, the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit can be expressed as Formula 15:

[0164]

[0165] in, The adjustment parameters of the smart reflective surface can be determined by alternately optimizing the position parameters of the dynamic reflective unit, the phase shift parameters of the static reflective unit, and the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflective unit.

[0166] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 7 As shown, the method for determining the parameters of the smart reflective surface may specifically include: S701-S704. The above S503 may specifically be implemented through S703 and S704.

[0167] S701: A communication device obtains first channel information and second channel information.

[0168] S702: Determine, based on the first channel information and the second channel information, position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0169] Specifically, for the description of S701 and S702, reference may be made to the above steps, which will not be repeated here.

[0170] S703 : Constructing a Cauchy-Schwarz inequality with the goal of optimizing the performance parameters of the signal receiving end based on the first channel information, the second channel information, and the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit.

[0171] S704 : Based on the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, obtain a phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit and a phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0172] Exemplarily, after determining the position parameters of the reflector units using a first preset algorithm (e.g., a discrete particle swarm algorithm), the phase shift parameters of each reflector unit can also be determined based on the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality. The optimization problem of the average received power (i.e., Formula 4) is converted into its lower bound by the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality to determine the closed-form solution of the phase shift parameters of the static reflector unit and the dynamic reflector unit. The Cauchy-Schwarz inequality is shown in Formula 16:

[0173]

[0174] Based on the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, the function for determining the phase shift parameter can be obtained as shown in Formula 17:

[0175]

[0176] Therefore, there are closed-form solutions for both the phase shift parameters of the static reflector unit and the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflector unit, as shown in Formula 18:

[0177]

[0178] Furthermore, since the accuracy of the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit is limited, the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit can be expressed by Formula 19:

[0179]

[0180] in,

[0181] Therefore, the phase shift parameters of the static reflection unit and the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflection unit can be determined based on the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality.

[0182] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the adjustment parameters include: position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit, phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflection unit and phase shift parameters of the static reflection unit; Figure 8 As shown, the method for determining parameters of the smart reflective surface may specifically include: S801-S805. The adjustment of the smart reflective surface based on the adjustment parameters may specifically be implemented through S803-S805.

[0183] S801. A communication device obtains first channel information and second channel information.

[0184] S802: Determine, based on the first channel information and the second channel information, adjustment parameters of the smart reflective surface when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0185] Specifically, for the description of S801 and S802, reference may be made to the above steps, which will not be repeated here.

[0186] S803: Adjust the operating state of at least one dynamic reflection unit included in the smart reflection surface based on the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit.

[0187] The operating state is used to indicate whether the dynamic reflection unit is in an on state or an off state.

[0188] S804: Based on the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflective units, adjust the phase shift of the dynamic reflective unit whose operating state is the on state in at least one dynamic reflective unit.

[0189] S805: Adjust the phase shift of at least one static reflective unit included in the smart reflective surface based on the phase shift parameter of the static reflective unit.

[0190] It can be understood that the smart reflective surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application includes two types of reflective units, namely dynamic reflective units and static reflective units, and the type of reflective unit at each position of the smart reflective surface is predetermined (i.e., the type of reflective unit at each position is not adjustable).

[0191] Based on this, it is necessary to determine the position parameters of the dynamic reflective unit, and then determine the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflective unit and the phase shift parameters of the static reflective unit based on the position parameters of the dynamic reflective unit. Thus, the phase shift of each reflective unit on the smart reflective surface is adjusted based on the determined parameters.

[0192] For example, in a certain scenario, when it is determined that all dynamic reflective units included in the smart reflective surface are operational (dynamic reflective units are in the enabled state), optimal performance parameters (i.e., received power, spectral efficiency, or energy efficiency) are achieved. All dynamic reflective units in the smart reflective surface are controlled to operate, and a controller of the smart reflective surface sets specific phase shift parameters for each dynamic reflective unit. Once the settings are complete, the base station transmits wireless signals, and the smart reflective surface adjusts and reflects the corresponding signals, providing communication services to users.

[0193] Alternatively, in certain scenarios, when it is determined that the performance parameters of all the dynamic reflective units included in the smart reflective surface are less than the performance parameters of some of the dynamic reflective units when in operation, the corresponding portion of the dynamic reflective units is controlled to operate based on the position parameters of the dynamic reflective units (while the other portion of the dynamic reflective units are in an inactive state). A controller of the smart reflective surface determines the positions of the dynamic reflective units based on the position parameters of the corresponding portion of the dynamic reflective units and sets the phase shift parameters of the corresponding portion of the dynamic reflective units. After the settings are completed, the base station transmits a wireless signal, and the smart reflective surface adjusts and reflects the corresponding signal to provide communication services to the user.

[0194] It can be understood that when the type of reflection unit at each position of the intelligent reflection surface is predetermined, the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit can be used to determine which part of the dynamic reflection unit is in the on state and which part of the dynamic reflection unit is in the off state when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0195] Similarly, the position parameters of the static reflector units can be used to determine which static reflector units are enabled and which are disabled when the signal receiving end's performance parameters are optimized. For details, refer to the description of the position parameters of the dynamic reflector units and are not repeated here.

[0196] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the adjustment parameters include position parameters of the dynamic reflective unit or position parameters of the static reflective unit, and the adjustment parameters also include: phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflective unit and phase shift parameters of the static reflective unit. Each of the multiple reflective units includes a control switch, and the control switch is used to adjust the type of the reflective unit; Figure 9 As shown, the method for determining parameters of the smart reflective surface may specifically include: S901-S905. The adjustment of the smart reflective surface based on the adjustment parameters may specifically be implemented through S903-S905.

[0197] S901: A communication device obtains first channel information and second channel information.

[0198] S902: Determine, based on the first channel information and the second channel information, adjustment parameters of the smart reflective surface when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0199] Specifically, for the description of S901 and S902, reference may be made to the above steps, which will not be repeated here.

[0200] S903: Based on the position parameter of the dynamic reflective unit or the position parameter of the static reflective unit, trigger a control switch to adjust the type of each reflective unit in the plurality of reflective units.

[0201] S904: Adjust the phase shift of the dynamic reflection unit among the multiple reflection units based on the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit.

[0202] S905: Adjust the phase shift of the static reflection unit among the multiple reflection units based on the phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit.

[0203] It can be understood that the type of each reflective unit included in the smart reflective surface disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be adjusted by controlling a switch (ie, the type of the reflective unit at each position is adjustable).

[0204] For example, Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a structure example of a smart reflective surface provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 10 As shown, each of the multiple reflecting units includes a control switch, and the type of each reflecting unit can be adjusted by the control switch to control each reflecting unit to be a dynamic reflecting unit or a static reflecting unit.

[0205] Based on this, when determining the position parameters of the reflective units, the position parameters of the dynamic reflective units can be determined, or the position parameters of the static reflective units can be determined. In this case, each reflective unit, whether dynamic or static, is in the on state. Therefore, once the position parameters of the dynamic reflective units are determined, the position parameters of the static reflective units can be directly determined; or, alternatively, once the position parameters of the static reflective units are determined, the position parameters of the dynamic reflective units can be directly determined.

[0206] Furthermore, after determining the type of each of the multiple reflective units, the phase shift of each dynamic reflective unit can be adjusted based on the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflective unit, and the phase shift of each static reflective unit can be adjusted based on the phase shift parameter of the static reflective unit. Thus, the phase shift of each reflective unit on the smart reflective surface can be adjusted.

[0207] For example, in certain scenarios, when dynamic and static reflective units can be converted to each other, the type, position, and phase shift parameters of each reflective unit can be determined based on adjustment parameters determined when the performance parameters are optimized. A controller of the intelligent reflective surface sets the type and phase shift parameters of each reflective unit based on the type, position, and phase shift parameters of each reflective unit. Once the settings are complete, the base station transmits a wireless signal, and the intelligent reflective surface adjusts and reflects the corresponding signal, providing communication services to users.

[0208] It can be understood that when the type of reflection unit at each position of the intelligent reflection surface can be adjusted by a control switch, when each reflection unit is in the on state, the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit (or the position parameters of the static reflection unit) can be used to determine which part of the reflection units are dynamic reflection units and which part of the reflection units are static reflection units when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0209] Since the number and positions of the reflective units included on the smart reflective surface are predetermined, in this case, only the position parameters of the dynamic reflective units (or the position parameters of the static reflective units) need to be determined. The position parameters of the static reflective units can be directly determined by determining the position parameters of the dynamic reflective units (i.e., among the reflective units included on the smart reflective surface, the reflective units other than the dynamic reflective units are static reflective units).

[0210] In a specific embodiment, combining Figure 4 In the application scenario shown, it is assumed that the wireless signal between the base station and the user terminal is strongly blocked due to an obstacle between the base station and the user terminal. The direct path from the base station to the user (which dominates the channels from the base station to the smart reflector and from the smart reflector to the user terminal) can be ignored due to the influence of the obstacle.

[0211] Assume that, in this scenario, the path loss is 30dB per meter, the path loss exponent is 2.2, the distance between the base station and the smart reflector is 15 meters, and the distance between the smart reflector and the user terminal is 10 meters. The base station's transmit power is set to 5dBm, and the channel information h between the base station and the smart reflector is assumed to be fixed. As for the channel information from the smart reflector to the user terminal, since user terminals are randomly distributed within an area, different locations have different angles with the smart reflector. Therefore, θ can be used. t and ζ t (i.e., the azimuth and elevation of the departure angle of the smart reflector) to distinguish different locations of the user terminal in the area. t exist and ζ t exist uniformly distributed within the t and ζ tThe range of and In all channels, the azimuth and elevation angles of other arrival or departure angles are generated uniformly within (0,2π].

[0212] In order to compare the performance difference between the smart reflective surface provided by the embodiment of the present application (i.e., heterogeneous smart reflective surface) and the traditional smart reflective surface, numerical simulations were also performed on the traditional smart reflective surface, and the P HE-IRS / P IRS , that is, the ratio of the received power of the heterogeneous smart reflector-assisted communication system to the received power of the traditional smart reflector-assisted communication system, to express the impact of the heterogeneous smart reflector on the performance of the traditional smart reflector-assisted communication system.

[0213] Furthermore, to compare the performance achieved by different algorithm combinations, the tuning parameters determined by the combination of the discrete particle swarm algorithm and the manifold optimization algorithm (PSO-MO) are compared with the tuning parameters determined by the combination of the discrete particle swarm algorithm and the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality (PSO-CSB). The tuning parameters determined by the combination of the discrete particle swarm algorithm and the manifold optimization algorithm are position parameters determined by the discrete particle swarm algorithm and phase shift parameters determined by the manifold optimization algorithm. The tuning parameters determined by the combination of the discrete particle swarm algorithm and the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality are position parameters determined by the discrete particle swarm algorithm and phase shift parameters determined by the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality.

[0214] For example, Figure 11 The following is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the ratio of received power and azimuth angle provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 11 As shown, the elevation angle (departure angle) range (Δζ) of the fixed intelligent reflector t =120°), the number of reflection units (M=64), the accuracy of the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit (b=1 bit), the ratio of the received power of the heterogeneous smart reflection surface to the traditional smart reflection surface assisted communication system, and the azimuth angle Δθ of the smart reflection surface t (Departure angle) range. It can be seen that with the azimuth angle range Δθ t As the sparsity τ increases, the ratio of the received power of PSO-MO to PSO-CSB decreases for all sparsities. This is because once the heterogeneous smart reflector is manufactured, the static reflector elements are fixed. The heterogeneous smart reflector can only concentrate signal power within a potential angle range, rather than targeting a specific user terminal. Therefore, as the angle range increases, the signal power reflected by the static reflector elements becomes dispersed, resulting in a decrease in power at specific angles for the user terminal.

[0215] Moreover, since the passive beamforming gain of the traditional smart reflector is almost in a square relationship with the number of dynamic reflector units, if the heterogeneous smart reflector has only dynamic reflector units under the same sparsity, then P HE-IRS / P IRS At τ = 0.2 and τ = 0.5, they should be 64% and 25% respectively. Figure 14 As can be seen from the figure, this is significantly lower than the performance of a heterogeneous smart reflection surface containing both static and dynamic reflection units at the same sparsity. Therefore, the static reflection unit can bring significant improvement in the received signal power. And because it consumes almost no power and has lower hardware cost, the heterogeneous smart reflection surface has the ability to achieve sufficient passive beamforming performance under the premise of low power consumption and low hardware cost. Therefore, under different sparsity τ, the performance of the PSO-CSB algorithm is always lower than that of the PSO-MO algorithm. This is because the objective function of the PSO-CSB algorithm is not the received power of the user terminal, but its lower bound. However, due to the contribution of the static reflection unit to beamforming, it still exceeds the smart reflection surface with only dynamic reflection units under different sparsity τ.

[0216] Another example, Figure 12 The following is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the ratio of received power and the accuracy of phase shift parameters provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 12 As shown, the azimuth angle range (Δθ t =60°), elevation range (Δζ t =120°) and the number of reflectors (M=64), the relationship between the received power ratio of the heterogeneous smart reflector and the traditional smart reflector-assisted communication system and the precision b of the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflectors. It can be seen that when the number of quantization bits for the precision of the dynamic reflector phase shift parameters increases from 1 to 2 bits, the received power ratio of the PSO-MO and PSO-CSB algorithms decreases rapidly. However, as the number of quantization bits further increases, the received power ratio remains almost unchanged. This is because the beamforming performance provided by both algorithms significantly improves with an increase in the number of quantization bits. In this case, since the traditional smart reflector has more dynamic reflectors than the heterogeneous smart reflector, the large number of dynamic reflectors with higher precision weakens the infinite precision phase shift advantage of the static reflectors. Based on this, it can be determined that the precision advantage of the phase shift parameters has a greater impact on heterogeneous smart reflectors with greater sparsity.

[0217] Another example, Figure 13 The following is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the ratio of received power and the scale of the smart reflective surface provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 13 As shown, the azimuth angle range (Δθt =60°), elevation range (Δζ t =120°), the accuracy of the phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflection unit (b = 1 bit), the relationship between the received power ratio of the heterogeneous smart reflection surface and the traditional smart reflection surface assisted communication system and the scale of the smart reflection surface (that is, the number of reflection units included). As the size of the smart reflection surface increases, the received power ratio of the PSO-MO algorithm and the PSO-CSB algorithm will decrease. This is because the expansion of the scale of the smart reflection surface will result in fewer dynamic reflection units added to the heterogeneous smart reflection surface compared to the traditional smart reflection surface. Under the same number of dynamic reflection units, the beamforming gain is greater than that of static reflection units, which will make P HE-IRS / P IRS At the same time, since heterogeneous smart reflective surfaces with higher sparsity levels will result in fewer added dynamic reflective units, the scale of the smart reflective surface will have a greater impact on heterogeneous smart reflective surfaces with higher sparsity levels.

[0218] It is understandable that, in order to implement the above functions, the signal transmitting end and the signal data receiving end include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. It should be easily appreciated by those skilled in the art that, in combination with the algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the present disclosure can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in a hardware or computer software driven hardware manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present disclosure.

[0219] The embodiments of the present disclosure can divide the functional modules of the communication device according to the above-mentioned method embodiments. For example, each functional module can be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one functional module. The above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present disclosure is schematic and is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. The following is an example of dividing each functional module corresponding to each function.

[0220] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a parameter determination device for a smart reflective surface provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to a communication device. The parameter determination device 1400 for a smart reflective surface can execute the method in the embodiment above. Figure 2 The method for determining the parameters of the smart reflective surface is shown in FIG. Figure 14As shown, the device 1400 for determining parameters of a smart reflective surface includes: an acquisition module 1401 , a processing module 1402 and a transmission module 1403 .

[0221] Acquisition module 1401 is used to obtain first channel information and second channel information, where the first channel information is channel information between the signal transmitting end and the smart reflecting surface, and the second channel information is channel information between the smart reflecting surface and the signal receiving end within a preset area. The smart reflecting surface includes multiple reflecting units, and the types of reflecting units include dynamic reflecting units and static reflecting units.

[0222] The processing module 1402 is configured to determine, based on the first channel information and the second channel information, adjustment parameters of the smart reflective surface when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0223] Optionally, the performance parameter includes any one of the following: received power, spectrum efficiency, and energy efficiency.

[0224] Optionally, the adjustment parameter includes at least one of the following: a position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, a phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, a position parameter of the static reflection unit, and a phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit.

[0225] Optionally, the processing module 1402 is specifically configured to determine, based on the first channel information and the second channel information, position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0226] The processing module 1402 is further configured to determine, based on the first channel information, the second channel information and the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, the phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit and the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameter of the signal receiving end is optimal.

[0227] Optionally, the processing module 1402 is specifically configured to construct a first objective function aiming at optimizing performance parameters of the signal receiving end based on the first channel information and the second channel information, wherein the variables in the first objective function include position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit.

[0228] Processing module 1402 is further specifically used to obtain, under a first constraint condition and based on a first objective function, position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal. The first constraint condition is used to constrain the type of reflection units in the intelligent reflection surface and the number of static reflection units in the intelligent reflection surface.

[0229] Optionally, the processing module 1402 is specifically used to solve the first objective function through a first preset algorithm under a first constraint condition to obtain the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal; wherein the first preset algorithm includes at least one of the following: discrete particle swarm algorithm, genetic algorithm, ant colony algorithm, immune algorithm.

[0230] Optionally, the processing module 1402 is specifically configured to determine a phase shift parameter of the first reflecting unit based on the first channel information, the second channel information, and a position parameter of the dynamic reflecting unit.

[0231] Processing module 1402 is specifically further used to determine the phase shift parameter of the second reflection unit based on the first channel information, the second channel information, the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit and the phase shift parameter of the first reflection unit; the first reflection unit is a dynamic reflection unit and the second reflection unit is a static reflection unit; or, the first reflection unit is a static reflection unit and the second reflection unit is a dynamic reflection unit.

[0232] Optionally, the processing module 1402 is specifically used to construct a second objective function aimed at optimizing the performance parameters of the signal receiving end based on the first channel information, the second channel information and the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit, and the variables in the second objective function include the phase shift parameters of the first reflection unit.

[0233] Processing module 1402 is specifically further used to obtain the phase shift parameter of the first reflective unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal under the second constraint condition and based on the second objective function. The second constraint condition is used to constrain the accuracy of the phase shift parameter of the first reflective unit in the smart reflective surface.

[0234] Optionally, the processing module 1402 is specifically used to solve the second objective function through a second preset algorithm under the second constraint condition, so as to obtain the phase shift parameters of the first reflection unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal; wherein the second preset algorithm includes at least one of the following: manifold optimization algorithm, gradient descent method, coordinate iteration method and penalty function method.

[0235] Optionally, the processing module 1402 is specifically used to construct a third objective function aimed at optimizing the performance parameters of the signal receiving end based on the first channel information, the second channel information, the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit, and the phase shift parameters of the first reflection unit, and the variables in the third objective function include the phase shift parameters of the second reflection unit.

[0236] Processing module 1402 is further specifically configured to obtain, under a third constraint condition and based on a third objective function, a phase shift parameter of the second reflective unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal. The third constraint condition is configured to constrain the accuracy of the phase shift parameter of the second reflective unit in the smart reflective surface.

[0237] Optionally, the processing module 1402 is specifically configured to construct a Cauchy-Schwarz inequality aiming at optimizing performance parameters of the signal receiving end based on the first channel information, the second channel information, and position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit.

[0238] The processing module 1402 is further configured to obtain, based on the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, a phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit and a phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

[0239] Optionally, the processing module 1402 is further configured to adjust the smart reflective surface based on the adjustment parameters.

[0240] Optionally, the adjustment parameters include: position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit, phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflection unit, and phase shift parameters of the static reflection unit; processing module 1402 is specifically used to adjust the operating status of at least one dynamic reflection unit included in the intelligent reflection surface based on the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit, and the operating status is used to indicate whether the dynamic reflection unit is in an on state or an off state.

[0241] The processing module 1402 is further configured to adjust the phase shift of the dynamic reflective unit whose operating state is the on state among at least one dynamic reflective unit based on the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflective unit.

[0242] The processing module 1402 is further configured to adjust the phase shift of at least one static reflection unit based on the phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit.

[0243] Optionally, the adjustment parameters include position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit or the position parameters of the static reflection unit, and the adjustment parameters also include: phase shift parameters of the dynamic reflection unit and phase shift parameters of the static reflection unit. Each of the multiple reflection units includes a control switch, and the control switch is used to adjust the type of the reflection unit; the processing module 1402 is specifically used to trigger the control switch to adjust the type of each of the multiple reflection units based on the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit or the position parameters of the static reflection unit.

[0244] The processing module 1402 is further configured to adjust the phase shift of the dynamic reflection unit among the multiple reflection units based on the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit.

[0245] The processing module 1402 is further configured to adjust the phase shift of a static reflective unit among the multiple reflective units based on the phase shift parameter of the static reflective unit.

[0246] Optionally, the transmission module 1403 is configured to send adjustment parameters to the smart reflective surface.

[0247] In the case of implementing the functions of the above-mentioned integrated modules in the form of hardware, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides another possible communication device structure of the communication device involved in the above-mentioned embodiment. Figure 15 As shown, the communication device 1500 includes: a processor 1502 and a bus 1504. Optionally, the communication device 1500 may further include a memory 1501; and optionally, the communication device 1500 may further include a communication interface 1503.

[0248] Processor 1502 may implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the embodiments of this disclosure. Processor 1502 may be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field-programmable gate array, or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component, or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the embodiments of this disclosure. Processor 1502 may also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, or a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor.

[0249] The communication interface 1503 is used to connect to other devices via a communication network, such as Ethernet, wireless access network, or wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0250] The memory 1501 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.

[0251] As a possible implementation, memory 1501 may exist independently of processor 1502. Memory 1501 may be connected to processor 1502 via bus 1504 to store instructions or program code. When processor 1502 calls and executes the instructions or program code stored in memory 1501, the method for determining parameters of the smart reflective surface provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented.

[0252] In another possible implementation, the memory 1501 may also be integrated with the processor 1502 .

[0253] The bus 1504 may be an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus 1504 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 15 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0254] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium), which stores computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed on a computer, the computer executes the method for determining parameters of the smart reflective surface as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0255] Exemplarily, the above-mentioned computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, or magnetic tapes, etc.), optical disks (e.g., compact disks (CDs), digital versatile disks (DVDs), etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROMs), cards, sticks, or key drives, etc.). The various computer-readable storage media described in the present disclosure may represent one or more devices and / or other machine-readable storage media for storing information. The term "machine-readable storage medium" may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and / or carrying instructions and / or data.

[0256] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer program product comprising instructions. When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the method for determining parameters of the smart reflective surface described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0257] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining parameters of a smart reflective surface, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire first channel information and second channel information, where the first channel information is channel information between a signal transmitting end and a smart reflecting surface, and the second channel information is channel information between the smart reflecting surface and a signal receiving end within a preset area, wherein the smart reflecting surface includes a plurality of reflecting units, and the types of the reflecting units include dynamic reflecting units and static reflecting units; Based on the first channel information and the second channel information, adjustment parameters of the smart reflective surface are determined when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The performance parameters include any one of the following: received power, spectrum efficiency, and energy efficiency.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The adjustment parameter includes at least one of the following: a position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, a phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, a position parameter of the static reflection unit, and a phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining, based on the first channel information and the second channel information, the adjustment parameters of the smart reflective surface when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal includes: determining, based on the first channel information and the second channel information, a position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameter of the signal receiving end is optimal; Based on the first channel information, the second channel information and the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, a phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit and a phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit are determined when the performance parameter of the signal receiving end is optimal.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The determining, based on the first channel information and the second channel information, the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameter of the signal receiving end is optimal includes: constructing a first objective function based on the first channel information and the second channel information to optimize the performance parameters of the signal receiving end, wherein variables in the first objective function include position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit; Under the first constraint condition, based on the first objective function, the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit are obtained when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal. The first constraint condition is used to constrain the type of the reflection unit in the smart reflection surface and the number of static reflection units in the smart reflection surface.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Under the first constraint condition, based on the first objective function, obtaining the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal includes: Under the first constraint condition, the first objective function is solved by a first preset algorithm to obtain the position parameters of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal; wherein, the first preset algorithm includes at least one of the following: discrete particle swarm algorithm, genetic algorithm, ant colony algorithm, immune algorithm.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The determining, based on the first channel information, the second channel information, and the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, the phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit and the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit when the performance parameter of the signal receiving end is optimal includes: determining a phase shift parameter of the first reflecting unit based on the first channel information, the second channel information, and a position parameter of the dynamic reflecting unit; Based on the first channel information, the second channel information, the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit and the phase shift parameter of the first reflection unit, the phase shift parameter of the second reflection unit is determined; the first reflection unit is a dynamic reflection unit and the second reflection unit is a static reflection unit; or, the first reflection unit is a static reflection unit and the second reflection unit is a dynamic reflection unit.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The determining the phase shift parameter of the first reflection unit based on the first channel information, the second channel information, and the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit includes: constructing, based on the first channel information, the second channel information, and the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, a second objective function aimed at optimizing the performance parameters of the signal receiving end, wherein variables in the second objective function include a phase shift parameter of the first reflection unit; Under the second constraint condition, based on the second objective function, the phase shift parameter of the first reflection unit is obtained when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal. The second constraint condition is used to constrain the accuracy of the phase shift parameter of the first reflection unit in the smart reflection surface.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The obtaining, under the second constraint condition and based on the second objective function, of the phase shift parameter of the first reflective unit when the performance parameter of the signal receiving end is optimal includes: Under the second constraint condition, the second objective function is solved by a second preset algorithm to obtain the phase shift parameters of the first reflection unit when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal; wherein, the second preset algorithm includes at least one of the following: manifold optimization algorithm, gradient descent method, coordinate iteration method and penalty function method.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The determining the phase shift parameter of the second reflecting unit based on the first channel information, the second channel information, the position parameter of the dynamic reflecting unit, and the phase shift parameter of the first reflecting unit includes: constructing a third objective function for optimizing a performance parameter of the signal receiving end based on the first channel information, the second channel information, a position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, and a phase shift parameter of the first reflection unit, wherein variables in the third objective function include the phase shift parameter of the second reflection unit; Under the third constraint condition, based on the third objective function, the phase shift parameter of the second reflective unit is obtained when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal. The third constraint condition is used to constrain the accuracy of the phase shift parameter of the second reflective unit in the smart reflective surface.

11. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The determining, based on the first channel information, the second channel information, and the position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, the phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit and the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit includes: constructing a Cauchy-Schwarz inequality for optimizing performance parameters of the signal receiving end based on the first channel information, the second channel information, and a position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit; Based on the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, the phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit and the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit are obtained when the performance parameters of the signal receiving end are optimal.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Based on the adjustment parameters, the smart reflective surface is adjusted.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The adjustment parameters include: a position parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, a phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, and a phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit; and adjusting the smart reflection surface based on the adjustment parameters includes: Adjusting an operating state of at least one dynamic reflecting unit included in the smart reflecting surface based on a position parameter of the dynamic reflecting unit, wherein the operating state is used to indicate whether the dynamic reflecting unit is in an on state or an off state; Based on the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit, adjusting the phase shift of the dynamic reflection unit whose operating state is the open state among the at least one dynamic reflection unit; Based on the phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit, the phase shift of at least one static reflection unit included in the smart reflection surface is adjusted.

14. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The adjustment parameters include position parameters of the dynamic reflective unit or position parameters of the static reflective unit, and the adjustment parameters also include: a phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflective unit and a phase shift parameter of the static reflective unit; each of the plurality of reflective units includes a control switch, and the control switch is used to adjust the type of the reflective unit; and adjusting the smart reflective surface based on the adjustment parameters includes: triggering the control switch to adjust the type of each of the plurality of reflecting units based on the position parameter of the dynamic reflecting unit or the position parameter of the static reflecting unit; adjusting the phase shift of the dynamic reflection unit among the plurality of reflection units based on the phase shift parameter of the dynamic reflection unit; Based on the phase shift parameter of the static reflection unit, the phase shift of the static reflection unit in the plurality of reflection units is adjusted.

15. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The adjusting the smart reflective surface based on the adjustment parameter includes: The adjustment parameters are sent to the smart reflective surface.

16. A communication device, characterized in that: include: memory and processor; Memory and processor coupling; The memory is used to store instructions executable by the processor; When the processor executes the instructions, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15 is performed.

17. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

18. A computer program product, characterized in that When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

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