Differential channel characteristic value prediction reporting for user equipment (UE)-side beam prediction

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE). The UE may receive (910) a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to a plurality of beams. The UE may send (910) signaling indicating a report indicating channel characteristic values associated with a subset of resources of the plurality of resources, where each resource of the subset of resources is associated with a channel characteristic value that is lower than a reference channel characteristic value associated with a reference resource of the plurality of resources.

Description

background Technical Field

[0001] Aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communications, and more particularly, to techniques for managing and reporting channel characteristic values ​​corresponding to different beams. Background Art

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services, such as telephony, video, data, messaging, broadcasts, or other similar types of services. These wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communications with multiple users by sharing available wireless communication system resources with those users.

[0003] Despite the tremendous technological advancements in wireless communication systems over the years, challenges remain. For example, complex and dynamic environments can still attenuate or block signals between wireless transmitters and wireless receivers. Consequently, there is a continuing desire to improve the technical performance of wireless communication systems, including, for example, improving the speed and data carrying capacity of communications, improving the efficiency of shared communication media usage, reducing the power used by transmitters and receivers when performing communications, improving the reliability of wireless communications, avoiding redundant transmission and / or reception and related processing, improving the coverage area of ​​wireless communications, increasing the number and types of devices that can access wireless communication systems, increasing the ability of different types of devices to communicate with each other, and increasing the number and types of wireless communication media available for use. Consequently, there is a need for further improvements in wireless communication systems to overcome the aforementioned technical challenges and others. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One aspect provides a method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE). The method includes obtaining a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to a plurality of beams. The method also includes outputting signaling indicating a report for transmission, the report indicating channel characteristic values ​​associated with a subset of resources in the plurality of resources, wherein each resource in the subset of resources is associated with a channel characteristic value lower than a reference channel characteristic value associated with a reference resource in the plurality of resources, and wherein each channel characteristic value associated with at least one resource in the plurality of resources is predicted based on measurements of one or more channel characteristics associated with the at least one resource in the plurality of resources.

[0005] In another aspect, a method for wireless communication at a network entity is provided. The method includes outputting, for transmission, a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to a plurality of beams. The method also includes obtaining signaling indicating a report, the report indicating channel characteristic values ​​associated with a subset of resources in the plurality of resources, wherein each resource in the subset of resources is associated with a channel characteristic value that is lower than a reference channel characteristic value associated with a reference resource in the plurality of resources, and wherein each channel characteristic value associated with at least one resource in the plurality of resources is predicted based on measurements of one or more channel characteristics associated with the at least one resource in the plurality of resources.

[0006] Another aspect provides a method for wireless communication at a UE. The method includes obtaining a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to a plurality of beams, wherein each resource in the plurality of resources is associated with an identification (ID). The method also includes outputting signaling indicating a report for transmission, the report indicating the IDs of at least some of the plurality of resources, each of the at least some of the plurality of resources being associated with a channel characteristic value exceeding a threshold, and wherein each channel characteristic value associated with at least one of the plurality of resources is predicted based on measurements of one or more channel characteristics associated with the at least one resource in the plurality of resources.

[0007] Another aspect provides a method for wireless communication at a network entity. The method includes outputting, for transmission, a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to a plurality of beams, wherein each resource in the plurality of resources is associated with an ID. The method also includes obtaining signaling indicating a report, the report indicating the IDs of at least some of the plurality of resources, each of the at least some of the plurality of resources being associated with a channel characteristic value exceeding a threshold, and wherein each channel characteristic value associated with at least one of the plurality of resources is predicted based on measurements of one or more channel characteristics associated with the at least one resource in the plurality of resources.

[0008] Other aspects provide: an apparatus operable to, configured to, or otherwise adapted to perform the aforementioned method and those described elsewhere herein; a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor of the apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the aforementioned method and those described elsewhere herein; a computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium comprising code for performing the aforementioned method and those described elsewhere herein; and an apparatus comprising components for performing the aforementioned method and those described elsewhere herein. By way of example, an apparatus may comprise a processing system, a device having a processing system, or processing systems cooperating through one or more networks.

[0009] For purposes of illustration, the following description and drawings set forth certain features. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The accompanying drawings depict certain features of the various aspects described herein and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the disclosure.

[0011] Figure 1 An example wireless communication network is depicted.

[0012] Figure 2 An example decomposed base station (BS) architecture is depicted.

[0013] Figure 3 Aspects of an example BS and example user equipment (UE) are depicted.

[0014] Figure 4A 、 Figure 4B 、 Figure 4C and Figure 4D Various example aspects of data structures for a wireless communication network are described.

[0015] Figure 5 An example beam refinement process is depicted.

[0016] Figure 6 An example beam management process is depicted.

[0017] Figure 7 Depicted is a call flow diagram illustrating example communications among a UE and network entities.

[0018] Figure 8 Depicted are example determinations of differential layer one reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) values ​​or layer one signal to interference and noise ratio (L1-SINR) values ​​associated with a subset of resources.

[0019] Figure 9Methods for wireless communications at a UE are described.

[0020] Figure 10 Methods for wireless communications at a network entity are described.

[0021] Figure 11 Depicted is another call flow diagram illustrating example communications among a UE and a network entity.

[0022] Figure 12 Depicted are example contents of a report indicating, for each resource, whether its associated L1-RSRP value exceeds a threshold.

[0023] Figure 13 Depicted are example contents of a report indicating, for the strongest resource and the weakest resource, whether their associated L1-RSRP values ​​exceed a threshold.

[0024] Figure 14 Depicted are example contents of a report indicating, for a subset of the strongest resources and a subset of the weakest resources, whether their associated L1-RSRP values ​​exceed a threshold.

[0025] Figure 15 Methods for wireless communications at a UE are described.

[0026] Figure 16 Methods for wireless communications at a network entity are described.

[0027] Figure 17 and Figure 18 Aspects of an example communication device are depicted. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The beam prediction process may include identification of beam quality and failures corresponding to different beams. A user equipment (UE) or network entity may use continuously measured or reported channel characteristic values ​​(e.g., Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power (L1-RSRP) values) corresponding to different beams to perform machine learning (ML)-based beam prediction.

[0029] In some cases, during the beam prediction process at the UE, due to possible errors, the UE may not consider reports of L1-RSRP corresponding to different beams (e.g., measured L1-RSRP or predicted L1-RSRP based on the ML model) as useful for beam prediction. For example, the measured L1-RSRP may typically include up to ±11.5 decibel (dB) error. The predicted L1-RSRP may include additional errors due to measurement errors associated with the measured L1-RSRP (e.g., because one of the inputs to the ML model is the measured L1-RSRP, it may not result in a reliable or accurate value for the predicted L1-RSRP).

[0030] In such cases, although the UE may not be confident at all about the accuracy of the measured or predicted L1-RSRP for different beams, the UE may still be more confident about the accuracy of the relative difference between the predicted L1-RSRPs or the range of the predicted L1-RSRPs corresponding to different beams (e.g., whether the predicted L1-RSRP is higher or lower than -100 decibel-milliwatts (dBm)). In these cases, the UE is required to report the relative difference between the predicted L1-RSRPs and / or the range of the predicted L1-RSRPs, because this reported information may be beneficial for correct beam prediction and selection.

[0031] Various aspects of the present disclosure provide apparatuses, methods, processing systems, and computer-readable media for managing and reporting L1-RSRP corresponding to different beams. For example, the techniques proposed herein can be implemented to report differential L1-RSRP corresponding to different beams (rather than inaccurate absolute values ​​of L1-RSRP corresponding to different beams). Differential L1-RSRP is based on predicted measurements of L1-RSRP corresponding to different beams rather than actual measurements of L1-RSRP. The correct beam can be selected for scheduling resources based on its corresponding differential L1-RSRP, thereby improving system performance.

[0032] Introduction to wireless communication networks

[0033] The techniques and methods described herein can be used in various wireless communication networks. Although various aspects may be described herein using terms typically associated with 3G, 4G, and / or 5G wireless technologies, various aspects of the present disclosure may also be applicable to other communication systems and standards not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0034] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication network 100 is depicted in which various aspects described herein may be implemented.

[0035] Generally speaking, the wireless communication network 100 includes various network entities (alternatively, network elements or network nodes). A network entity is typically a communication device and / or a communication function performed by a communication device (e.g., user equipment (UE), base station (BS), a component of a BS, a server, etc.). For example, various functions of a network and various devices associated with and interacting with the network can be considered network entities. In addition, the wireless communication network 100 includes terrestrial aspects, such as ground-based network entities (e.g., BS 102), and non-terrestrial aspects, such as satellites 140 and aircraft 145. The non-terrestrial aspects may include airborne network entities (e.g., one or more BSs) capable of communicating with other network elements (e.g., ground BSs) and UEs.

[0036] In the depicted example, the wireless communication network 100 includes a BS 102, a UE 104, and one or more core networks (such as an evolved packet core (EPC) 160 and a 5G core (5GC) network 190) that interoperate to provide communication services over various communication links (including wired and wireless links).

[0037] Figure 1 Various example UEs 104 are depicted, which may more generally include: a cellular phone, a smartphone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player, a camera, a game console, a tablet computer, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an always-on (AON) device, an edge processing device, or other similar devices. UE 104 may also be more generally referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a remote device, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, and others.

[0038] BS 102 wirelessly communicates with (e.g., transmits signals to or receives signals from) UE 104 via communication link 120. Communication link 120 between BS 102 and UE 104 may include uplink (UL) (also known as a reverse link) transmissions from UE 104 to BS 102 and / or downlink (DL) (also known as a forward link) transmissions from BS 102 to UE 104. In various aspects, communication link 120 may utilize multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity.

[0039] BS 102 may generally include: a NodeB, an enhanced NodeB (eNB), a next generation enhanced NodeB (ng-eNB), a next generation NodeB (gNB or gNodeB), an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio BS, a radio transceiver, transceiver functionality, a transmit / receive point, and / or the like. Each of BS 102 may provide communication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110, which may sometimes be referred to as a cell, and which may overlap in some cases (e.g., a small cell 102' may have a coverage area 110' that overlaps with the coverage area 110 of a macro cell). For example, a BS may provide communication coverage for a macro cell (covering a relatively large geographic area), a pico cell (covering a relatively small geographic area, such as a stadium), a femto cell (covering a relatively small geographic area, such as a home), and / or other types of cells.

[0040] Although BS 102 is depicted in various aspects as a single communication device, BS 102 can be implemented in various configurations. For example, one or more components of BS 102 can be disaggregated, including a central unit (CU), one or more distributed units (DUs), one or more radio units (RUs), a near real-time (near-RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC, to name a few examples. As another example, various aspects of BS 102 can be virtualized. More generally, a BS (e.g., BS 102) can include components located at a single physical location or components located at various physical locations. In examples where BS 102 includes components located at various physical locations, the various components can each perform a function such that the various components collectively achieve functionality similar to that of a BS 102 located at a single physical location. In some aspects, a BS 102 including components located at various physical locations can be referred to as a disaggregated radio access network (RAN) architecture, such as an open RAN (O-RAN) or virtualized RAN (VRAN) architecture. Figure 2 An example decomposed BS architecture is depicted and described.

[0041] Different BSs 102 within the wireless communication network 100 may also be configured to support different radio access technologies (such as 3G, 4G, and / or 5G). For example, a BS 102 configured for 4G LTE (collectively referred to as the Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)) may interface with the EPC 160 via a first backhaul link 132 (e.g., an S1 interface). A BS 102 configured for 5G (e.g., 5G NR or Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN)) may interface with the 5GC 190 via a second backhaul link 184. The BSs 102 may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., through the EPC 160 or the 5GC 190) over a third backhaul link 134 (e.g., an X2 interface), which may be wired or wireless.

[0042] The wireless communication network 100 may subdivide the electromagnetic spectrum into various categories, frequency bands, channels, or other characteristics. In some aspects, the subdivision is provided based on wavelength and frequency, where frequency may also be referred to as a carrier, subcarrier, channel, tone, or subband. For example, 3GPP currently defines Frequency Range 1 (FR1) as including 600 MHz-6 GHz, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as "sub-6 GHz." Similarly, 3GPP currently defines Frequency Range 2 (FR2) as including 26 GHz-41 GHz, which is sometimes (interchangeably) referred to as "millimeter wave" ("mmW" or "mmWave"). A BS configured to communicate using mmWave / near mmWave radio bands (e.g., a mmWave BS, such as BS 180) may utilize beamforming (e.g., 182) with a UE (e.g., 104) to improve path loss and range.

[0043] The communication link 120 between the BS 102 and, for example, the UE 104 may be over one or more carriers, which may have different bandwidths (e.g., 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, 20 MHz, 100 MHz, 400 MHz, and / or other MHz) and may be aggregated in various ways. The carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. The allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL ​​compared to UL).

[0044] Communications using higher frequency bands may have higher path loss and shorter range than communications using lower frequencies. Therefore, some BSs (e.g. Figure 1180) may utilize beamforming 182 with UE 104 to improve path loss and range. For example, BS 180 and UE 104 may each include multiple antennas, such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays, to facilitate beamforming. In some cases, BS 180 may transmit beamformed signals to UE 104 in one or more transmit directions 182′. UE 104 may receive beamformed signals from BS 180 in one or more receive directions 182″. UE 104 may also transmit beamformed signals to BS 180 in one or more transmit directions 182″. BS 180 may also receive beamformed signals from UE 104 in one or more receive directions 182′. BS 180 and UE 104 may then perform beam training to determine the best receive direction and transmit direction for each of BS 180 and UE 104. Notably, the transmit direction and receive direction of BS 180 may be the same or may be different. Similarly, the transmit direction and receive direction of UE 104 may or may not be the same.

[0045] Wireless communication network 100 also includes a Wi-Fi AP 150 that communicates with Wi-Fi stations (STAs) 152 via communication links 154 in, for example, the 2.4 GHz and / or 5 GHz unlicensed spectrum.

[0046] Some of the UEs 104 may communicate with each other using a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), and / or a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH).

[0047] The EPC 160 may include various functional components, including a mobility management entity (MME) 162, other MMEs 164, a serving gateway 166, a multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS) gateway 168, a broadcast multicast service center (BM-SC) 170, and / or a packet data network (PDN) gateway 172, such as in the depicted example. The MME 162 may communicate with a home subscriber server (HSS) 174. The MME 162 is a control node that handles signaling between the UE 104 and the EPC 160. Generally, the MME 162 provides bearer and connection management.

[0048] Generally, user Internet Protocol (IP) packets are delivered through the Serving Gateway 166, which is itself connected to the PDN Gateway 172. The PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation and other functions. The PDN Gateway 172 and the BM-SC 170 are connected to the IP services 176, which may include, for example, the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), packet switched (PS) streaming services, and / or other IP services.

[0049] BM-SC 170 can provide functionality for MBMS user service provisioning and delivery. BM-SC 170 can serve as the entry point for content provider MBMS delivery, can be used to authorize and initiate MBMS bearer services within a public land mobile network (PLMN), and / or can be used to schedule MBMS delivery. MBMS Gateway 168 can be used to distribute MBMS services to BSs 102 belonging to a Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) area broadcasting a specific service, and / or can be responsible for session management (start / stop) and collecting eMBMS-related charging information.

[0050] 5GC 190 may include various functional components, including: access and mobility management function (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, session management function (SMF) 194, and user plane function (UPF) 195. AMF 192 may communicate with unified data management (UDM) 196.

[0051] AMF 192 is a control node that handles signaling between UE 104 and 5GC 190. AMF 192 provides, for example, Quality of Service (QoS) flow and session management.

[0052] Internet Protocol (IP) packets are passed through UPF 195, which connects to IP services 197 and provides IP address allocation for UEs and other functions for 5GC 190. IP services 197 may include, for example, the Internet, intranet, IMS, PS streaming services, and / or other IP services.

[0053] The wireless communication network 100 also includes a channel state information (CSI) reporting component 198, which can be configured to perform Figure 9 Method 900 and / or Figure 15 The wireless communication network 100 also includes a CSI reporting component 199, which can be configured to perform Figure 10 Method 1000 and / or Figure 16 Method 1600.

[0054] In various aspects, a network entity or network node may be implemented as a converged BS, a decomposed BS, a component of a BS, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, a sidelink node, to name a few examples.

[0055] Figure 2 An example disaggregated BS 200 architecture is depicted. The disaggregated BS 200 architecture may include one or more central units (CUs) 210 that may communicate directly with a core network 220 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 220 through one or more disaggregated BS units, such as a near real-time (near-RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 225 via an E2 link, or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC 215 associated with a service management and orchestration (SMO) framework 205, or both. The CU 210 may communicate with one or more distributed units (DUs) 230 via corresponding midhaul links, such as an F1 interface. The DU 230 may communicate with one or more radio units (RUs) 240 via corresponding fronthaul links. The RU 240 may communicate with corresponding UEs 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 240.

[0056] Each of the units (e.g., CU 210, DU 230, RU 240, and near-RT RIC 225, non-RT RIC 215, and SMO framework 205) may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired transmission medium or a wireless transmission medium. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to the communication interface of the unit, may be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via the transmission medium. For example, the units may include a wired interface configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more of the other units via a wired transmission medium. Additionally or alternatively, the units may include a wireless interface that may include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (such as a radio frequency (RF) transceiver) configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more of the other units via a wireless transmission medium, or both.

[0057] In some aspects, the CU 210 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions may include radio resource control (RRC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function may be implemented using an interface that is configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 210. The CU 210 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (e.g., central unit-user plane (CU-UP)), control plane functionality (e.g., central unit-control plane (CU-CP)), or a combination thereof. In some specific implementations, the CU 210 may be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface (such as an E1 interface). As needed, the CU 210 may be implemented to communicate with the DU 230 for network control and signaling.

[0058] The DU 230 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more BS functions for controlling the operation of one or more RUs 240. In some aspects, the DU 230 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more higher physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc.) based at least in part on a functional split, such as those defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). In some aspects, the DU 230 may further host one or more lower PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 230 or with control functions hosted by the CU 210.

[0059] Lower layer functionality may be implemented by one or more RUs 240. In some deployments, a RU 240 controlled by a DU 230 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functionality or low PHY layer functionality (such as performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc.), or both, based at least in part on a functional split (such as a lower layer functional split). In such an architecture, the RU 240 may be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 104. In some implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control plane and user plane communications with the RU 240 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 230. In some scenarios, this configuration may enable the implementation of the DU 230 and CU 210 in a cloud-based RAN architecture (such as a vRAN architecture).

[0060] The SMO framework 205 can be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 205 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (such as the O1 interface). For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 205 can be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as Open Cloud (O-Cloud) 290) to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as the O2 interface). Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, the CU 210, DU 230, RU 240, and near-RT RIC 225. In some implementations, the SMO framework 205 can communicate with hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as the Open eNB (O-eNB) 211) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO framework 205 can communicate directly with one or more RUs 240 via the O1 interface. The SMO framework 205 may also include a non-RT RIC 215 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 205 .

[0061] The non-RT RIC 215 may be configured to include logic that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updating, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the near-RT RIC 225. The non-RT RIC 215 may be coupled to or in communication with the near-RT RIC 225 (e.g., via an A1 interface). The near-RT RIC 225 may be configured to include logic that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources through data collection and actions via an interface (e.g., via an E2 interface) that connects one or more CUs 210, one or more DUs 230, or both, and the O-eNB with the near-RT RIC 225.

[0062] In some implementations, the non-RT RIC 215 can receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server in order to generate an AI / ML model to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 225. Such information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 225 and can be received from non-network data sources or from network functions at the SMO framework 205 or the non-RT RIC 215. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 215 or the near-RT RIC 225 can be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 215 can monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO framework 205 (such as via reconfiguration of O1) or via the creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 policies).

[0063] Figure 3 Aspects of an example BS 102 and UE 104 are depicted.

[0064] In general, BS 102 includes various processors (e.g., 320, 330, 338, and 340), antennas 334a-334t (collectively 334), transceivers 332a-332t (collectively 332) including modulators and demodulators, and other aspects that enable wireless transmission of data (e.g., data source 312) and wireless reception of data (e.g., data sink 339). For example, BS 102 can transmit and receive data between BS 102 and UE 104. BS 102 includes a controller / processor 340 that can be configured to implement various functions described herein related to wireless communication.

[0065] BS 102 includes a controller / processor 340 that can be configured to perform various functions related to wireless communication. In the depicted example, the controller / processor 340 includes a processor that can represent Figure 1 The CSI reporting component 341 of the CSI reporting component 199 of the BS 102. It is worth noting that while depicted as an aspect of the controller / processor 340, in other implementations, the CSI component 341 can additionally or alternatively be implemented in various other aspects of the BS 102.

[0066] Generally speaking, the UE 104 includes various processors (e.g., 358, 364, 366, and 380), antennas 352a-352r (collectively 352), transceivers 354a-354r (collectively 354) including modulators and demodulators, and other aspects that enable wireless transmission of data (e.g., retrieved from a data source 362) and wireless reception of data (e.g., provided to a data sink 360). The UE 104 includes a controller / processor 380 that can be configured to implement various functions described herein related to wireless communications.

[0067] UE 104 includes a controller / processor 380 that can be configured to perform various functions related to wireless communication. In the depicted example, the controller / processor 380 includes a processor that can represent Figure 1 The CSI reporting component 381 of the CSI reporting component 198 of the UE 104 may also or alternatively be implemented in various other aspects of the UE 104.

[0068] Regarding example downlink transmissions, BS 102 includes a transmit processor 320 that can receive data from a data source 312 and control information from a controller / processor 340. The control information can be for a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), a physical HARQ indicator channel (PHICH), a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a group common PDCCH (GC PDCCH), and / or other. In some examples, the data can be for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).

[0069] The transmit processor 320 may process (e.g., encode and symbol map) data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. The transmit processor 320 may also generate reference symbols (such as for a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), a PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS), and a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)).

[0070] The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 330 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, and / or reference symbols, as applicable, and may provide an output symbol stream to a modulator (MOD) in the transceivers 332a-332t. Each modulator in the transceivers 332a-332t may process a corresponding output symbol stream to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The downlink signals from the modulators in the transceivers 332a-332t may be transmitted via antennas 334a-334t, respectively.

[0071] To receive downlink transmissions, UE 104 includes antennas 352a-352r that can receive downlink signals from BS 102 and provide received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) in transceivers 354a-354r, respectively. Each demodulator in transceivers 354a-354r can condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a corresponding received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator can further process the input samples to obtain received symbols.

[0072] A MIMO detector 356 may obtain received symbols from all demodulators in transceivers 354a-354r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols. A receive processor 358 may process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE 104 to a data sink 360, and provide decoded control information to a controller / processor 380.

[0073] With respect to example uplink transmissions, the UE 104 also includes a transmit processor 364 that can receive and process data from a data source 362 (e.g., for a PUSCH) and control information from a controller / processor 380 (e.g., for a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)). The transmit processor 364 can also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., for a sounding reference signal (SRS)). The symbols from the transmit processor 364 can be pre-decoded by a TX MIMO processor 366, if applicable, further processed by a modulator in the transceivers 354a-354r (e.g., for SC-FDM), and transmitted to the BS 102.

[0074] At BS 102, uplink signals from UE 104 may be received by antennas 334 a-334 t, processed by demodulators in transceivers 332 a-332 t, detected by MIMO detector 336 if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 338 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 104. Receive processor 338 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 339 and the decoded control information to a controller / processor 340.

[0075] Memory 342 and memory 382 may store data and program codes for BS 102 and UE 104, respectively.

[0076] A scheduler 344 may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and / or uplink.

[0077] In various aspects, the BS 102 may be described as transmitting and receiving various types of data associated with the methods described herein. In these contexts, "transmitting" may refer to various mechanisms for outputting data, such as from a data source 312, a scheduler 344, a memory 342, a transmit processor 320, a controller / processor 340, a TX MIMO processor 330, transceivers 332a-332t, antennas 334a-334t, and / or other aspects described herein. Similarly, "receiving" may refer to various mechanisms for obtaining data, such as from antennas 334a-334t, transceivers 332a-332t, an RX MIMO detector 336, a controller / processor 340, a receive processor 338, a scheduler 344, a memory 342, and / or other aspects described herein.

[0078] In various aspects, the UE 104 may also be described as sending and receiving various types of data associated with the methods described herein. In these contexts, "sending" may refer to various mechanisms for outputting data, such as from a data source 362, memory 382, ​​a transmit processor 364, a controller / processor 380, a TX MIMO processor 366, transceivers 354a-354t, antennas 352a-352t, and / or other aspects described herein. Similarly, "receiving" may refer to various mechanisms for obtaining data, such as from antennas 352a-352t, transceivers 354a-354t, an RX MIMO detector 356, a controller / processor 380, a receive processor 358, memory 382, ​​and / or other aspects described herein.

[0079] In some aspects, the processor may be configured to perform various operations (such as those associated with the methods described herein) and send (output) data to or receive (obtain) data from another interface configured to send or receive data, respectively.

[0080] Figure 4A 、 Figure 4B 、 Figure 4C and Figure 4D Describes a method for use in wireless communication networks such as Figure 1 Various aspects of the data structure of the wireless communication network 100).

[0081] Specifically, Figure 4A is a diagram 400 illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G (e.g., 5G NR) frame structure, Figure 4B is a diagram 430 illustrating an example of a DL channel within a 5G subframe, Figure 4C is a diagram 450 illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G frame structure, and Figure 4DFIG480 is a diagram illustrating an example of UL channels within a 5G subframe.

[0082] Wireless communication systems can utilize Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with a Cyclic Prefix (CP) on both the uplink and downlink. Such systems can also support half-duplex operation using Time Division Duplex (TDD). OFDM and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM) can be used to maximize the system bandwidth (e.g., Figure 4B and Figure 4D ) is divided into multiple orthogonal subcarriers. Each subcarrier can be modulated with data. Modulation symbols can be transmitted in the frequency domain using OFDM and / or in the time domain using SC-FDM.

[0083] The wireless communication frame structure may be frequency division duplex (FDD), where for a particular set of subcarriers, subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated to either DL or UL. The wireless communication frame structure may also be time division duplex (TDD), where for a particular set of subcarriers, subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated to both DL and UL.

[0084] exist Figure 4A and Figure 4C In the embodiment of the present invention, the wireless communication frame structure is TDD, where D is DL, U is UL, and X can be flexibly used between DL / UL. The UE can be configured with a time slot format (dynamically configured by DL control information (DCI) or semi-statically / statically configured by radio resource control (RRC) signaling) through the received time slot format indicator (SFI). In the depicted example, the 10ms frame is divided into 10 equally sized 1ms subframes. Each subframe may include one or more time slots. In some examples, each time slot may include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on the time slot format. The subframe may also include micro-slots, which typically have fewer symbols than a full time slot. Other wireless communication technologies may have different frame structures and / or different channels.

[0085] In certain aspects, the number of slots within a subframe is based on the slot configuration and parameter set. For example, for slot configuration 0, different parameter sets (μ) 0 through 5 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 slots per subframe, respectively. For slot configuration 1, different parameter sets 0 through 2 allow for 2, 4, and 8 slots per subframe, respectively. Thus, for slot configuration 0 and parameter set μ, there are 14 symbols per slot and 2μ slots per subframe. The subcarrier spacing and symbol length / duration are a function of the parameter set. The subcarrier spacing may be equal to 2 μ × 15kHz, where μ is parameter set 0 to 5. Thus, parameter set μ=0 has a subcarrier spacing of 15kHz, and parameter set μ=5 has a subcarrier spacing of 480kHz. Symbol length / duration is inversely related to subcarrier spacing. Figure 4A、 Figure 4B 、 Figure 4C and Figure 4D An example is provided for slot configuration 0 with 14 symbols per slot and parameter set μ = 2 with 4 slots per subframe. The slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs.

[0086] like Figure 4A 、 Figure 4B 、 Figure 4C and Figure 4D As depicted in FIG, a resource grid can be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also called a physical RB (PRB)) extending over, for example, 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into a plurality of resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0087] like Figure 4A As illustrated, some of the REs carry data for UEs (e.g., Figure 1 and Figure 3 The RS may include a demodulation RS (DMRS) and / or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The RS may also include a beamforming RS (BRS), a beam refinement RS (BRRS), and / or a phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

[0088] Figure 4B Examples of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more Control Channel Elements (CCEs), each CCE comprising, for example, nine RE Groups (REGs), each REG comprising, for example, four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol.

[0089] The Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) may be in symbol 2 of a particular subframe of a frame. The PSS is transmitted by a UE (e.g., Figure 1 and Figure 3 104) is used to determine subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identification.

[0090] A Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 of a specific subframe of a frame. The SSS is used by the UE to determine the physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing.

[0091] Based on the physical layer identifier and the physical layer cell identifier group number, the UE can determine the physical cell identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the location of the aforementioned DMRS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH) carrying the master information block (MIB) can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS) / PBCH block. The MIB provides the system frame number (SFN) and the number of RBs in the system bandwidth. The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not sent via the PBCH (such as the system information block (SIB)), and / or paging messages.

[0092] like Figure 4C As illustrated, some of the REs carry DMRS for channel estimation at the BS (indicated as R for a specific configuration, but other DMRS configurations are possible). The UE may transmit DMRS for PUCCH and DMRS for PUSCH. The PUSCH DMRS may be transmitted, for example, in the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH. The PUCCH DMRS may be transmitted in different configurations depending on whether a short PUCCH or a long PUCCH is transmitted and depending on the specific PUCCH format used. The UE 104 may transmit a sounding reference signal (SRS). The SRS may be transmitted, for example, in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRS may have a comb structure, and the UE may transmit the SRS on one of the teeth of the comb. The SRS may be used by the BS for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling on the UL.

[0093] Figure 4D Examples of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The PUCCH may be located at the position indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, channel quality indicators (CQI), precoding matrix indicators (PMI), rank indicators (RI), and HARQ ACK / NACK feedback. The PUSCH carries data and may additionally be used to carry buffer status reports (BSRs), power headroom reports (PHRs), and / or UCI.

[0094] Introduction to mmWave Wireless Communications

[0095] In wireless communications, the electromagnetic spectrum is often subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, or other characteristics. The subdivision is typically provided based on wavelength and frequency, where frequency may also be referred to as a carrier, subcarrier, channel, tone, or subband.

[0096] Fifth-generation (5G) networks may utilize several frequency ranges, which in some cases are defined by standards, such as the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standards. For example, while 3GPP technical standard TS 38.101 currently defines Frequency Range 1 (FR1) as including 600 MHz-6 GHz, specific uplink and downlink allocations may fall outside this general range. Consequently, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "sub-6 GHz" band.

[0097] Similarly, although TS 38.101 currently defines Frequency Range 2 (FR2) as including 26 GHz-41 GHz, again, specific uplink and downlink allocations may fall outside this general range. FR2 is sometimes referred to (interchangeably) as the "millimeter wave" ("mmW" or "mmWave") band, although it is different from the Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz-300 GHz), which is identified as the "millimeter wave" band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) because the wavelengths at these frequencies are between 1 mm and 10 mm.

[0098] Communications using mmWave / near mmWave radio frequency bands (e.g., 3 GHz–300 GHz) may have higher path loss and shorter range than lower rate communications. Figure 1 As described, a base station (BS) (eg, 180 ) configured to communicate using mmWave / near-mmWave radio bands may utilize beamforming (eg, 182 ) with a user equipment (UE) (eg, 104 ) to improve path loss and range.

[0099] Overview of the Beam Refinement Process

[0100] In millimeter wave (mmW) systems, beamforming is necessary to overcome high path loss. Beamforming refers to establishing a link between a network entity and user equipment (UE), where the two devices form beams corresponding to each other. For example, the network entity and the UE both find at least one sufficient beam to form a communication link between each other. The network entity beam and the UE beamform the so-called beam pair link (BPL). For example, on the downlink (DL), the network entity uses a transmit beam, and the UE uses a receive beam corresponding to the transmit beam to receive the downlink transmission. The combination of the transmit beam and the corresponding receive beam is a BPL.

[0101] As part of the beam management process, the beams used by network entities and UEs must be periodically refined due to changing channel conditions and the movement of the UE or other objects. Furthermore, the performance of beam placement (BPL) may decline due to Doppler spread. Therefore, due to changing channel conditions over time, the BPL must be periodically updated or refined. Therefore, it may be beneficial for network entities and UEs to monitor new beams and form new BPLs.

[0102] Initially, at least one BPL must be established between the network entity and the UE for network access. However, as described above, it may be necessary to later discover a new BPL between the network entity and the UE for different purposes. In some cases, the network entity may decide to use a different BPL for different channels, for communication with different network entities, or as a fallback BPL if the existing BPL fails. In some cases, the UE may monitor the quality of the current BPL established between the network entity and the UE, and the network entity may occasionally refine the BPL.

[0103] Figure 5 An example beam refinement process 500, such as the P1, P2, and P3 processes, is depicted. As depicted, the P1, P2, and P3 processes are used for BPL discovery and refinement. A network entity uses the P1 process to enable discovery of new BPLs. In the P1 process, the network entity transmits different symbols of a reference signal (RS), with each beam formed in a different spatial direction to reach several (most, all) relevant locations in the cell. In other words, the network entity transmits symbols using different transmit beams in different directions over time.

[0104] In order to successfully receive at least one symbol of this "P1 signal", the UE must find a suitable receive beam. The UE uses the available receive beams and applies a different UE beam to perform the search during each occurrence of the periodic P1 signal.

[0105] Once the UE has successfully received a symbol of the P1 signal, the UE has discovered a BPL. The UE may not want to wait until it has found the best receive beam, as this may delay subsequent actions. The UE may measure the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and report the symbol index along with the RSRP to the network entity. This report will include the discovery of one or more BPLs.

[0106] In one example, a UE may determine a received signal with a high RSRP. The UE may not know which beam the network entity used to transmit; however, the UE may report to the network entity the time when the UE observed a signal with a high RSRP. The network entity may receive this report from the UE and be able to determine which network entity beam the network entity used at the given time indicated in the report.

[0107] The network entity may provide P2 and P3 procedures to refine individual BPLs. The P2 procedure refines the network entity beam of the BPL. The network entity transmits several symbols of the RS using a different network entity beam that is spatially close to the network entity beam of the BPL (e.g., the network entity performs a sweep using adjacent beams around the selected beam). During the P2 procedure, the UE maintains its beam constant. Therefore, although the UE uses the same beam as in the BPL (e.g., Figure 5 2 ), but the network entity beams used for the P2 process differ from those used for the P1 process in that the network entity beams used for the P2 process are spaced closer together or may be more concentrated. The UE measures RSRP for various network entity beams and indicates the best network entity beam to the network entity.

[0108] The P3 process refines the UE beam for BPL. While the network entity beam remains constant, the UE scans using different receive beams (e.g., the UE performs a sweep using adjacent beams). The UE measures the RSRP of each beam and identifies the best UE beam based on its associated RSRP value. The UE then uses the best UE beam for BPL and reports its associated RSRP to the network entity.

[0109] After a timeout, the network entity and the UE establish several BPLs. When the network entity sends a certain channel or signal, the network entity lets the UE know which BPL will be involved so that the UE can tune in the direction of the correct UE receive beam before the signal starts. In this way, each sample of the signal or channel is received by the UE using the correct receive beam. In one example, the network entity can indicate which BPL is involved for a scheduled signal (e.g., sounding reference signal (SRS), channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) or channel (e.g., physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)). In New Radio (NR), this information is called a quasi-co-location (QCL) indication.

[0110] Two antenna ports are QCL if the properties of the channel over which the symbols on one antenna port are conveyed are inferred from the channel over which the symbols on the other antenna port are conveyed. QCL supports at least beam management functionality, frequency / timing offset estimation functionality, and radio resource management (RRM) management functionality.

[0111] In some cases, the network entity may use the BPL that the UE has received in the past. The transmit beams for the signal to be sent and the previously received signal are both pointed in the same direction or are QCL. The UE may require a QCL indication (e.g., before the signal to be received) so that the UE can use the correct receive beam for each signal or channel. When the BPL for the signal or channel changes, some QCL indications are required periodically, and some other QCL indications are required for each scheduled instance. The QCL indication is sent in the downlink control information (DCI) which is part of the PDCCH channel. Because DCI is needed to control the QCL information, it is expected that the number of bits required to indicate the QCL is not too large. In some cases, the QCL can be sent via a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) or a radio resource control (RRC) message.

[0112] According to one example, whenever a UE reports a network entity beam that it has received with sufficient RSRP and the network entity decides to use this BPL in the future, the network entity assigns a BPL tag to the network entity beam. Thus, two BPLs with different network entity beams are associated with different BPL tags. BPLs based on the same network entity beam are associated with the same BPL tag. Thus, according to this example, the BPL tag is a function of the network entity beam of the BPL.

[0113] Due to the availability of large amounts of bandwidth, wireless systems (such as mmW systems) bring gigabit speeds to cellular networks. However, the unique challenge of severe path loss faced by such wireless systems requires new technologies such as hybrid beamforming (e.g., analog and digital), which do not exist in 3rd generation (3G) and 4G systems. Hybrid beamforming can enhance the link budget / signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) that can be utilized during the random access channel (RACH) process. In such systems, a Node B (NB) and a UE can communicate via an active beamformed transmit beam. An active beam can be considered as a paired transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) beam between the NB and the UE, which carries data and control channels such as PDSCH, PDCCH, PUSCH, and PUCCH. As described above, the transmit beam used by the NB for DL ​​transmission and the corresponding receive beam used by the UE for DL ​​transmission can be referred to as a BPL. Similarly, the transmit beam used by the UE for uplink (UL) transmission and the corresponding receive beam used by the NB for uplink (UL) transmission can also be referred to as a BPL.

[0114] Overview of the Beam Management Process

[0115] In wireless communications, various procedures may be performed for beam management. Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating example operations for performing beam management.

[0116] In initial access, the network entity sweeps through several beams (e.g., via synchronization signal blocks (SSBs)). The network entity configures the user equipment (UE) with random access channel (RACH) resources associated with beamformed SSBs to facilitate initial access via the RACH resources. In some cases, SSBs can have a wider beam shape than other reference signals (RS) such as channel state information-reference signals (CSI-RS). The UE can use SSB detection to identify the RACH opportunity (RO) for transmitting the RACH preamble (e.g., as part of a contention-based random access (CBRA) procedure).

[0117] In connected mode (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) connected mode), the network entity and the UE may perform hierarchical beam refinement, which includes beam selection (e.g., Figure 5 ), beam refinement for the transmitter (e.g., Figure 5 ) and beam refinement for the receiver (e.g., Figure 5 ). In beam selection (P1 process), the network entity sweeps through the beams, and the UE reports the beam associated with the best channel properties. In beam refinement for the transmitter (P2 process), the network entity sweeps through narrower beams, and the UE reports the beam associated with the best channel properties among the narrow beams. In beam refinement for the receiver (P3 process), the network entity repeatedly uses the same beam for transmission, and the UE refines the spatial reception parameters (e.g., spatial filters) used to receive signals from the network entity via the beam. The network entity and the UE may also perform complementary processes for uplink beam management (e.g., U1, U2, and U3 processes).

[0118] In some cases where a beam failure occurs (e.g., due to beam misalignment and / or obstruction), the UE performs a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure, which allows the UE to return to connected mode without performing a radio link failure (RLF) procedure. For example, the UE is configured with candidate beams for BFR. In response to detecting a beam failure, the UE requests the network entity to perform BFR via one of the candidate beams (e.g., one of the candidate beams having a reference signal received power (RSRP) above a certain threshold). In some cases where RLF occurs, the UE performs an RLF procedure to recover from the RLF, such as a RACH procedure.

[0119] Overview of the Beam Prediction Process

[0120] A user equipment (UE) or a network entity may use continuously measured or reported channel characteristic values ​​associated with different beams in the time domain, such as layer 1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) values, to perform machine learning (ML)-based beam prediction. For example, the UE or network entity may use a pre-trained deep neural network (DNN) model for ML-based predictive beam management.

[0121] Traditionally, beam quality and failures corresponding to different beams are identified through measurement reports (e.g., beam strength measurement reports) carried by relevant downlink and uplink reference signals (RS) (e.g., synchronization signal blocks (SSBs), channel state information-reference signals (CSI-RSs), reference signal received power (RSRP)), which may increase beam selection delay and beam management overhead, while beam selection accuracy may be limited due to restrictions on reporting overhead.

[0122] In contrast, predictive beam management based on artificial intelligence (AI) or ML reduces the amount of RS transmission required to predict unmeasured beam quality and the future likelihood of beam blockage / failure. In predictive beam management, beam prediction is a highly nonlinear problem that is efficiently solved by a pre-trained DNN model that predicts future beam quality based on, for example, the UE's mobility speed and trajectory, which are difficult to model using conventional statistical processing methods.

[0123] AL or ML-based beam prediction can achieve predictive goals including: (1) future L1-RSRP for the currently used beam; (2) candidate selected beams with strong power in the future; and (3) the possibility of failure or blocking for the currently used beam.

[0124] In the predictive beam management process, pre-trained DNN models with different objectives can be implemented in both the UE and the network entity. The data collection function is used to provide training data for the network entity and / or the UE, wherein the training data for the UE is collected through an enhanced air interface and / or application layer method. The UE measures the time series of L1-RSRP corresponding to different beams, and reports the L1-RSRP measurements to the network entity as input by the pre-trained DNN model to infer future beam activities to achieve beam prediction. The inference results compared with the ground truth data used as training data can be used to further train the pre-trained DNN model to improve accuracy. Without repeatedly monitoring the RS, AI or ML-based beam prediction significantly reduces the UE's power consumption and UE-specific RS overhead, while improving the network entity throughput and reducing the beam management delay.

[0125] In some cases, AI or ML-based spatial diversity (SD) beam prediction is used for uplink or downlink beam management. For example, an ML model deployed at the UE and / or network entity provides explicit or implicit SD beam prediction.

[0126] In some cases, during the beam prediction process at the UE, the reporting of L1-RSRP corresponding to different beams (e.g., measured or predicted L1-RSRP at the UE) may not be useful for beam prediction due to possible errors. For example, the measured L1-RSRP for different beams may include up to ±11.5 decibel (dB) errors. The predicted L1-RSRP (e.g., based on an AI or ML model) may include additional errors due to measurement errors associated with the measured L1-RSRP (e.g., because one of the inputs to the AI ​​or ML model is the measured L1-RSRP, it may not result in a reliable or accurate value for the predicted L1-RSRP).

[0127] In some cases, the UE may determine / recommend or the network entity may control whether the predicted L1-RSRP must be reported (for example, because the predicted L1-RSRP may not be an accurate value that can be used for beam prediction and selection). When the predicted L1-RSRP is not reported, in some cases the UE generates and sends a layer 1 (L1) report that only includes beam identifications (IDs) of different beams sorted according to their corresponding predicted L1-RSRPs.

[0128] In some cases, although the UE may not be confident at all about the accuracy of the measured or predicted L1-RSRP for different beams, the UE may be more confident about the accuracy of the relative L1-RSRP difference between the predicted L1-RSRPs corresponding to different beams or the range of the predicted L1-RSRPs (e.g., whether the predicted L1-RSRP is higher or lower than -100 decibel-milliwatts (dBm)). In such cases, the UE is required to report the relative L1-RSRP difference between the predicted L1-RSRPs corresponding to different beams and / or the range of the predicted L1-RSRPs, because the reported information is beneficial for beam prediction and selection.

[0129] For example, the UE may determine that the predicted second L1-RSRP for the second strongest beam is more than 10 dB lower than the predicted first L1-RSRP for the first strongest beam. Without receiving this relative predicted RSRP difference information between different beams, the network entity may use the second strongest beam instead of the first strongest beam to schedule the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) for the UE, and this may result in an unstable outer loop for link adaptation (for example, due to inter-cell interference, the first strongest beam may be less preferred by the network entity). Therefore, it may be beneficial for the network entity to receive relative predicted RSRP difference information between different beams from the UE in order to select the correct beam for scheduling the PDSCH.

[0130] In another example, if the UE can determine that all beams are associated with low values ​​of predicted L1-RSRP (e.g., below -110 dBm but with a high confidence level), it is more likely that beam blocking may occur, and further scheduling of PDSCH by the network entity using one of the beams without a large transport block (TB) size as before may be less reasonable or may be a waste of resources. Therefore, it may be beneficial for the network entity to receive this determined information from the UE in order to make correct scheduling decisions.

[0131] Therefore, although the reported L1-RSRP corresponding to different beams (e.g., measured or predicted L1-RSRP that may have errors) may be less reliable for beam prediction and selection, the reporting of relative predicted RSRP difference information corresponding to different beams or whether / how much the predicted L1-RSRP exceeds a network-defined threshold may be more useful for beam prediction and selection.

[0132] Differential channel characteristic value prediction reports without absolute channel characteristic values ​​for UE-side beam prediction aspect

[0133] Aspects of the present disclosure provide apparatuses, methods, processing systems, and computer-readable media for managing and reporting channel characteristic values ​​corresponding to different resources corresponding to different beams.

[0134] For example, the techniques proposed herein can be implemented to report differential channel characteristic values ​​corresponding to different resources (rather than inaccurate absolute channel characteristic values ​​corresponding to different resources). The differential channel characteristic values ​​are based on predicted measurements of the channel characteristic values ​​corresponding to different resources rather than actual measurements of the channel characteristic values. Resources can be selected for scheduling based on their corresponding differential channel characteristic values.

[0135] The technology proposed in this paper can be referred to Figures 7 to 16 Understand.

[0136] Figure 7 An example UE (e.g., such as Figure 1 UE 104 in the wireless communication network 100) and network entities (e.g., such as Figure 1 1. A call flow diagram of example communications among a gNodeB (gNB) / base station (BS) 102 in a wireless communication network 100.

[0137] At 710, a network entity transmits a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to a plurality of beams (e.g., for channel characteristic prediction). The UE receives the configuration from the network entity. In one example, the plurality of resources may include a plurality of synchronization signal block (SSB) resources. In another example, the plurality of resources may include a plurality of CSI reference signal (CSI-RS) resources.

[0138] At 720, the UE determines a channel characteristic value associated with each of the plurality of resources based on a measured prediction of one or more channel characteristics associated with each of the plurality of resources (e.g., via a machine learning (ML) model of the one or more channel characteristics rather than actual measurement). The one or more channel characteristics may include one or more channel strength attributes. The one or more channel strength attributes may include layer 1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) and layer 1 signal to interference and noise ratio (L1-SINR).

[0139] In one example, the UE may predict a first L1-RSRP value associated with a first resource among the plurality of resources and a second L1-RSRP value associated with a second resource among the plurality of resources based on a first ML model. In another example, the UE may predict a first L1-SINR value associated with the first resource and a second L1-SINR value associated with the second resource based on a second ML model.

[0140] The UE further determines a strongest resource (eg, a reference resource) among the plurality of resources, the strongest resource being associated with a highest channel characteristic value (eg, a reference channel characteristic value) among all the resources among the plurality of resources.

[0141] The UE further determines a channel characteristic value associated with a subset of resources in the plurality of resources. Each resource in the subset of resources is associated with a channel characteristic value lower than a reference channel characteristic value. The plurality of resources includes the subset of resources and the reference resource.

[0142] In certain aspects, each channel characteristic value associated with each resource in the subset of resources may correspond to a differential channel characteristic value relative to a reference channel characteristic value. The UE further performs quantization of each differential channel characteristic value (e.g., relative to the reference channel characteristic value) into an N-bit quantity to generate a corresponding quantized channel characteristic value. In one example, the value of N is defined in a wireless standard. In another example, a network entity configures the value of N. In yet another example, the UE configures the value of N.

[0143] Each quantized channel characteristic value indicates a value by which the channel characteristic value corresponding to the quantized channel characteristic value is lower than the reference channel characteristic value. For example, each differential channel characteristic value (e.g., relative to the reference channel characteristic value) may be quantized by N bits, which indicates whether the quantized channel characteristic value associated with the corresponding resource is weaker than the reference resource. In one example, The value of is defined in the wireless standard. In another example, the network entity configures In another example, the UE configuration In one case, when N is equal to 1, {D1, D2} are defined as {less than 6dB, greater than 6dB}, respectively.

[0144] In certain aspects, each channel characteristic value associated with each resource in the subset of resources (e.g., the Kth resource) may correspond to a differential channel characteristic value relative to a previous channel characteristic value (e.g., the strongest previous channel characteristic value) associated with a previous resource in the plurality of resources (e.g., the (K-1)th strongest previous resource). The UE further performs quantization of each differential channel characteristic value (e.g., relative to the previous channel characteristic value) into an amount of M bits to generate a corresponding quantized channel characteristic value. In one example, the value of M is defined in a standard. In another example, the network entity configures the value of M. In yet another example, the UE configures the value of M.

[0145] Each quantized channel characteristic value indicates that the channel characteristic value corresponding to the quantized channel characteristic value is lower than the previous channel characteristic value. For example, each differential channel characteristic value (e.g., relative to the previous channel characteristic value) is quantized by M bits, which indicates whether the quantized channel characteristic value associated with the corresponding resource is weaker than the previous resource. dB. In one example, The value of is defined in the standard. In another example, the network entity configures In another example, the UE configuration In one case, when M is equal to 1, {D1, D2} can be defined as {less than 6dB, greater than 6dB}, respectively.

[0146] At 730, the UE sends a report (e.g., a channel state information (CSI) report) to a network entity, the report indicating channel characteristic values ​​associated with the subset of resources. The report further indicates a resource identification (ID) associated with each resource in the subset of resources.

[0147] For example, Figure 8 As illustrated, the UE indicates in the report the differentially quantized L1-RSRP associated with the subset of resources and the resource IDs of the subset of resources (e.g., resource ID1, resource ID2, resource ID3), but does not indicate in the report the L1-RSRP associated with the strongest resource (e.g., associated with resource ID0). In another example, the UE indicates in the report the differentially quantized L1-SINR associated with the subset of resources and the resource IDs of the subset of resources (e.g., resource ID1, resource ID2, resource ID3), but does not indicate in the report the L1-SINR associated with the strongest resource (e.g., associated with resource ID0).

[0148] Figure 9 The method for using a UE (such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 An example of a method 900 for performing wireless communications at a UE 104).

[0149] Method 900 begins at step 910, where a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to a plurality of beams is obtained. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation of Figure 17 The described circuit for obtaining and / or code for obtaining, or can be performed by the circuit and / or the code.

[0150] Then, the method 900 proceeds to step 920, where signaling indicative of a report is output for transmission, the report indicating channel characteristic values ​​associated with a subset of resources in the plurality of resources. Each resource in the subset of resources is associated with a channel characteristic value that is lower than a reference channel characteristic value associated with a reference resource in the plurality of resources. Each channel characteristic value associated with at least one resource in the plurality of resources is predicted based on a measurement of one or more channel characteristics associated with at least one resource in the plurality of resources. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the following example: Figure 17 The circuit for outputting and / or the code for outputting are described, or can be executed by the circuit and / or the code.

[0151] In certain aspects, each channel characteristic value associated with each resource in the subset of resources corresponds to a differential value relative to a reference channel characteristic value or a previous channel characteristic value associated with a previous resource in the plurality of resources.

[0152] In certain aspects, method 900 further includes performing quantization of each differential value to generate a corresponding quantized value.

[0153] In certain aspects, the report further indicates a resource ID associated with each resource in the subset of resources.

[0154] In certain aspects, the one or more channel characteristics further include one or more channel strength attributes, each channel characteristic value further includes at least one of the following: an L1-RSRP value or an L1-SINR value, and the multiple resources further include at least one of the following: multiple SSB resources or multiple CSI-RS resources.

[0155] In certain aspects, each quantized value indicates a value by which the channel characteristic value corresponding to the quantized value is lower than a reference channel characteristic value.

[0156] In certain aspects, each quantized value indicates that the channel characteristic value corresponding to the quantized value is lower than a previous channel characteristic value.

[0157] In one aspect, method 900 or any aspect related thereto can be performed by an apparatus such as Figure 17 The method 900 is performed by a communication device 1700 comprising various components operable to, configured to, or adapted to perform the method 900. The communication device 1700 is described in more detail below.

[0158] Please note that Figure 9 is but one example of one approach, and other approaches including fewer, additional, or alternative steps are possible consistent with the present disclosure.

[0159] Figure 10 shows a method for connecting a network entity such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 BS102 or such Figure 2 An example of a method 1000 for performing wireless communications at a decomposed BS is discussed.

[0160] Method 1000 begins at step 1010, where a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to a plurality of beams is output for transmission. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation of Figure 18 The described circuit for outputting and / or code for outputting may be performed by the circuit and / or code.

[0161] Then, method 1000 proceeds to step 1020, where signaling is obtained indicating a report indicating channel characteristic values ​​associated with a subset of resources in the plurality of resources. Each resource in the subset of resources is associated with a channel characteristic value that is lower than a reference channel characteristic value associated with a reference resource in the plurality of resources. Each channel characteristic value associated with at least one resource in the plurality of resources is predicted based on a measurement of one or more channel characteristics associated with at least one resource in the plurality of resources. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the following example: Figure 18 The described circuit for obtaining and / or code for obtaining, or can be performed by the circuit and / or the code.

[0162] In certain aspects, each channel characteristic value associated with each resource in the subset of resources corresponds to a differential value relative to a reference channel characteristic value or a previous channel characteristic value associated with a previous resource in the plurality of resources.

[0163] In certain aspects, the report further indicates a resource ID associated with each resource in the subset of resources.

[0164] In one aspect, method 1000 or any aspect related thereto can be performed by an apparatus such as Figure 18 The method 1000 is performed by a communication device 1800 comprising various components operable to, configured to, or adapted to perform the method 1000. The communication device 1800 is described in more detail below.

[0165] Please note that Figure 10 is but one example of one approach, and other approaches including fewer, additional, or alternative steps are possible consistent with the present disclosure.

[0166] Figure 11 Depicted is another call flow diagram illustrating example communications among a UE and a network entity.

[0167] At 1110, the network entity transmits a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to a plurality of beams. Each of the plurality of resources is associated with an ID. The UE receives the configuration from the network entity. In one example, the plurality of resources may include a plurality of SSB resources. In another example, the plurality of resources may include a plurality of CSI-RS resources.

[0168] At 1120, the UE determines a channel characteristic value associated with each of the plurality of resources based on a measured prediction of one or more channel characteristics associated with each of the plurality of resources (e.g., via an ML model of the one or more channel characteristics rather than actual measurement). The one or more channel characteristics may include one or more channel strength attributes. The one or more channel strength attributes may include L1-RSRP and L1-SINR.

[0169] In one example, the UE may predict a first L1-RSRP value associated with a first resource among the plurality of resources and a second L1-RSRP value associated with a second resource among the plurality of resources based on a first ML model. In another example, the UE may predict a first L1-SINR value associated with the first resource and a second L1-SINR value associated with the second resource based on a second ML model.

[0170] The UE further determines IDs of at least some of the plurality of resources. Each of the at least some of the plurality of resources is associated with a channel characteristic value exceeding a threshold. In one example, the UE configures the value of the threshold. In another example, a network entity configures the value of the threshold. In yet another example, the value of the threshold is defined in a wireless standard.

[0171] At 1130, the UE sends a report (e.g., a CSI report) to the network entity, the report indicating IDs of at least some of the plurality of resources. For example, the report may indicate whether predicted L1-RSRP values ​​associated with at least some of the plurality of resources exceed a certain L1-RSRP threshold. The report may further indicate only the ID of the strongest resource (e.g., in terms of L1-RSRP value) among the plurality of resources, without indicating in the report the actual or predicted L1-RSRP value associated with the strongest resource.

[0172] In some aspects, each resource in the plurality of resources is associated with a single bit that indicates whether the channel characteristic value corresponding to the resource exceeds a threshold. In such cases, the report further indicates a plurality of single bits corresponding to the plurality of resources. For example, Figure 12 As illustrated, the report indicates four bits for four resources (e.g., associated with different IDs including resource ID0, resource ID1, resource ID2, and resource ID3). In the report, the first bit associated with the first resource having resource ID0 indicates that the first channel characteristic value corresponding to the first resource exceeds the threshold, the second bit associated with the second resource having resource ID1 indicates that the second channel characteristic value corresponding to the second resource exceeds the threshold, the third bit associated with the third resource having resource ID2 indicates that the third channel characteristic value corresponding to the third resource does not exceed the threshold, and the fourth bit associated with the fourth resource having resource ID3 indicates that the fourth channel characteristic value corresponding to the fourth resource does not exceed the threshold.

[0173] In certain aspects, the report further indicates IDs of at least some of the plurality of resources, the IDs being ordered according to channel characteristic values ​​of the plurality of resources. In one example, the IDs of at least some of the plurality of resources are ordered according to L1-RSRP values ​​of the plurality of resources in the report. In another example, the IDs of at least some of the plurality of resources are ordered according to L1-SINR values ​​of the plurality of resources in the report.

[0174] In some aspects, the report further indicates a first bit associated with a first resource in the plurality of resources. The first bit indicates whether a first channel characteristic value associated with the first resource exceeds a threshold. The first channel characteristic value is higher than each of the other channel characteristic values ​​associated with other resources in the plurality of resources. For example, Figure 13 As illustrated, the report indicates a first bit associated with a first resource, which is the strongest resource (e.g., in terms of its associated first channel characteristic value) among all four resources (e.g., associated with resource ID0, resource ID1, resource ID2, and resource ID3, respectively). The first resource is associated with resource ID0.

[0175] In some aspects, the report further indicates a second bit associated with a second resource in the plurality of resources. The second bit indicates whether a second channel characteristic value associated with the second resource exceeds a threshold. The second channel characteristic value is lower than each of the other channel characteristic values ​​associated with the other resources. For example, Figure 13 As further illustrated, the report indicates a second bit associated with a second resource, the second resource being the weakest resource (e.g., in terms of its associated second channel characteristic value) among all four resources (e.g., associated with resource ID0, resource ID1, resource ID2, and resource ID3, respectively). The second resource is associated with resource ID3.

[0176] In some aspects, the report further indicates a first bit associated with a first subset of resources in the plurality of resources. The first bit indicates whether each of the first channel characteristic values ​​associated with the first subset of resources exceeds a threshold. Each of the first channel characteristic values ​​is higher than each of the other channel characteristic values ​​associated with other resources in the plurality of resources. For example, Figure 14 As illustrated, the report indicates a first bit associated with a first subset of resources, the first subset of resources being the strongest resource (e.g., in terms of its associated channel characteristic values) among all four resources (e.g., associated with resource ID0, resource ID1, resource ID2, and resource ID3, respectively). In this example, the first subset of resources includes the first resource associated with resource ID0.

[0177] In certain aspects, the UE may receive an indication of a first quantity associated with a first subset of resources from a network entity. In one example, the network entity configures the first quantity in a CSI reporting setting, and the CSI reporting setting is indicated to the UE via a radio resource control (RRC) message. In another example, the UE receives an indication of the first quantity via a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) that activates CSI reporting. In another example, the network entity configures the first quantity in a CSI reporting configuration for aperiodic CSI reporting, and the CSI reporting configuration is indicated to the UE. In some cases, the UE may determine the first quantity and report it to the network entity. Figure 14 In the example, the first number is equal to one.

[0178] In some aspects, the report further indicates a second bit associated with a second subset of resources in the plurality of resources. The second bit indicates whether each of the second channel characteristic values ​​associated with the second subset of resources exceeds a threshold. Each of the second channel characteristic values ​​is lower than each of the other channel characteristic values ​​associated with the other resources. For example, Figure 14 As further illustrated, the report indicates a second bit associated with a second subset of resources, the second subset of resources being the weakest resources (e.g., in terms of their associated channel characteristic values) among all four resources (e.g., associated with resource ID0, resource ID1, resource ID2, and resource ID3, respectively). In this example, the second subset of resources includes the second resource associated with resource ID1.

[0179] In certain aspects, the UE may receive an indication of a second quantity associated with the second subset of resources from the network entity. In one example, the network entity configures the second quantity in a CSI reporting configuration, and the CSI reporting configuration is indicated to the UE via an RRC message. In another example, the UE receives an indication of the second quantity via a MAC-CE that activates CSI reporting. In another example, the network entity configures the second quantity in a CSI reporting configuration for aperiodic CSI reporting, and the CSI reporting configuration is indicated to the UE. In some cases, the UE may determine the second quantity and report it to the network entity. Figure 14 In the example, the second number is equal to one.

[0180] In certain aspects, a network entity configures a threshold value in a CSI reporting configuration, and the CSI reporting configuration is indicated to the UE via an RRC message. In certain aspects, the UE receives an indication of the threshold value via a MAC-CE activating CSI reporting. In certain aspects, the network entity configures the threshold value in a CSI reporting configuration for aperiodic CSI reporting, and the CSI reporting configuration is indicated to the UE.

[0181] In certain aspects, the report further indicates a threshold value. For example, the threshold value may be reported by the UE in a CSI report or updated semi-persistently via MAC-CE. In some cases, the CSI report based on uplink control information (UCI) / MAC-CE may be further based on one of multiple thresholds configured and / or indicated by the network.

[0182] In certain aspects, the report further indicates channel characteristic values ​​associated with a subset of resources in the plurality of resources. Each resource in the subset of resources is associated with a channel characteristic value that is lower than a reference channel characteristic value associated with a reference resource in the plurality of resources. Each channel characteristic value associated with each resource in the subset of resources corresponds to a differential value relative to: the reference channel characteristic value or a previous channel characteristic value associated with a previous resource in the plurality of resources. The UE further performs quantization on each differential value to generate a corresponding quantized value.

[0183] Figure 15 shows a method for using a UE (such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 An example of a method 1500 for conducting wireless communications at a UE 104).

[0184] Method 1500 begins at step 1510, where a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to a plurality of beams is obtained, wherein each resource in the plurality of resources is associated with an ID. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation of Figure 18 The described circuit for obtaining and / or code for obtaining, or can be performed by the circuit and / or the code.

[0185] Then, method 1500 proceeds to step 1520, where signaling indicating a report is output for transmission, the report indicating IDs of at least some of the plurality of resources. Each of the at least some of the plurality of resources is associated with a channel characteristic value exceeding a threshold. Each channel characteristic value associated with at least one of the plurality of resources is predicted based on a measurement of one or more channel characteristics associated with at least one of the plurality of resources. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the process described in reference to Figure 18 The described circuit for outputting and / or code for outputting may be performed by the circuit and / or code.

[0186] In certain aspects, the one or more channel characteristics further include one or more channel strength attributes; each channel characteristic value further includes at least one of the following: an L1-RSRP value or an L1-SINR value; and the multiple resources further include at least one of the following: multiple SSB resources or multiple CSI-RS resources.

[0187] In certain aspects, each resource of the plurality of resources is associated with a single bit indicating whether a channel characteristic value corresponding to the resource exceeds a threshold, and the report further indicates a plurality of single bits corresponding to the plurality of resources.

[0188] In certain aspects, the report further indicates IDs of at least some of the plurality of resources, the IDs being arranged in order according to channel characteristic values ​​of the plurality of resources.

[0189] In some aspects, the report further indicates a first bit associated with a first resource among the plurality of resources, the first bit indicating whether a first channel characteristic value associated with the first resource exceeds a threshold, the first channel characteristic value being higher than each of the other channel characteristic values ​​associated with other resources among the plurality of resources, and / or the report further indicates a second bit associated with a second resource among the plurality of resources, the second bit indicating whether a second channel characteristic value associated with the second resource exceeds a threshold, the second channel characteristic value being lower than each of the other channel characteristic values ​​associated with the other resources.

[0190] In some aspects, the report further indicates a first bit associated with a first subset of resources in the plurality of resources, the first bit indicating whether each of the first channel characteristic values ​​associated with the first subset of resources exceeds a threshold, each of the first channel characteristic values ​​being higher than each of the other channel characteristic values ​​associated with other resources in the plurality of resources, and / or the report further indicates a second bit associated with a second subset of resources in the plurality of resources, the second bit indicating whether each of the second channel characteristic values ​​associated with the second subset of resources exceeds a threshold, each of the second channel characteristic values ​​being lower than each of the other channel characteristic values ​​associated with other resources.

[0191] In certain aspects, the report further indicates a value of the threshold.

[0192] In some aspects, the report further indicates channel characteristic values ​​associated with a subset of resources in the plurality of resources, each resource in the subset of resources being associated with a channel characteristic value that is lower than a reference channel characteristic value associated with a reference resource in the plurality of resources, each channel characteristic value associated with each resource in the subset of resources corresponding to a differential value relative to: the reference channel characteristic value or a previous channel characteristic value associated with a previous resource in the plurality of resources, and method 1500 further includes: performing quantization of each differential value to generate a corresponding quantized value.

[0193] In one aspect, method 1500 or any aspect related thereto can be performed by an apparatus such as Figure 17The method 1500 is performed by a communication device 1700 comprising various components operable to, configured to, or adapted to perform the method 1500. The communication device 1700 is described in more detail below.

[0194] Please note that Figure 15 is but one example of one approach, and other approaches including fewer, additional, or alternative steps are possible consistent with the present disclosure.

[0195] Figure 16 shows a method for connecting a network entity such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 BS102 or such Figure 2 An example of a method 1600 for conducting wireless communications at a decomposed BS is discussed.

[0196] Method 1600 begins at step 1610, where a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to a plurality of beams is output for transmission, wherein each resource in the plurality of resources is associated with an ID. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation of Figure 18 The described circuit for outputting and / or code for outputting may be performed by the circuit and / or code.

[0197] Then, method 1600 proceeds to step 1620, where signaling is obtained indicating a report indicating IDs of at least some of the plurality of resources. Each of the at least some of the plurality of resources is associated with a channel characteristic value exceeding a threshold. Each channel characteristic value associated with at least one of the plurality of resources is predicted based on a measurement of one or more channel characteristics associated with at least one of the plurality of resources. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the process described in reference to Figure 18 The described circuit for obtaining and / or code for obtaining, or can be performed by the circuit and / or the code.

[0198] In certain aspects, the one or more channel characteristics further include one or more channel strength attributes, each channel characteristic value further includes at least one of the following: an L1-RSRP value or an L1-SINR value, and the multiple resources further include at least one of the following: multiple SSB resources or multiple CSI-RS resources.

[0199] In one aspect, method 1600 or any aspect related thereto can be performed by an apparatus such as Figure 18 The method 1000 is performed by a communication device 1800 comprising various components operable to, configured to, or adapted to perform the method 1000. The communication device 1800 is described in more detail below.

[0200] Please note that Figure 16is but one example of one approach, and other approaches including fewer, additional, or alternative steps are possible consistent with the present disclosure.

[0201] In certain aspects, the UE determines a payload (e.g., a layer 1 (L1) payload) of a report (e.g., a CSI report including a predicted L1-RSRP value and / or an L1-SINR value) or a payload associated with the report and reports it to a network entity. In certain aspects, the network entity determines the payload and reports it to the UE.

[0202] In certain aspects, the UE determines one or more reporting configurations or settings for reporting and sends them to a network entity. In certain aspects, the UE receives an indication of the one or more reporting configurations from the network entity. The one or more reporting configurations may include a first reporting configuration, a second reporting configuration, a third reporting configuration, a fourth reporting configuration, and a fifth reporting configuration.

[0203] The first reporting configuration indicates a reporting amount (or size) of both predicted (and absolute) channel characteristic values ​​for all resources among a plurality of resources and IDs of all resources.

[0204] The second reporting configuration indicates a reporting amount for a subset of resources (eg, each resource in the subset of resources is associated with a predicted channel characteristic value that is lower than a predicted reference channel characteristic value) and an ID of the subset of resources.

[0205] The third reporting configuration indicates a reporting amount for at least some of the plurality of resources (eg, each of the at least some of the plurality of resources is associated with a predicted channel characteristic value exceeding a threshold) and IDs of at least some of the plurality of resources.

[0206] A fourth reporting configuration indicates a reporting quantity for a subset of resources (e.g., each resource in the subset of resources is associated with a predicted channel characteristic value that is lower than a predicted reference channel characteristic value), an ID of a subset of resources, at least some of the multiple resources (e.g., each resource in at least some of the multiple resources is associated with a predicted channel characteristic value that exceeds a threshold), and the IDs of at least some of the multiple resources.

[0207] The fifth reporting configuration indicates a reporting amount for IDs of a set of the strongest resources (eg, in terms of their predicted channel characteristic values) among a plurality of resources.

[0208] In certain aspects, the first reporting configuration, the second reporting configuration, the third reporting configuration, the fourth reporting configuration, and the fifth reporting configuration may be linked to each other.

[0209] In certain aspects, at least one of the first reporting configuration, the second reporting configuration, the third reporting configuration, the fourth reporting configuration, or the fifth reporting configuration may include an ID corresponding to the other reporting configuration. In some cases, the reporting configurations may share the same set of prediction resources and / or the same set of channel measurement resources (CMRs).

[0210] In certain aspects, the UE recommends to a network entity a switch among different reporting configurations associated with a report. In one example, the UE may transmit the switching recommendation to the network entity via uplink control information (UCI). The UCI may indicate a field (e.g., as a reporting amount) indicating the UE's recommendation regarding whether to switch to an alternatively linked reporting configuration. In another example, the UE may transmit the switching recommendation to the network entity via a MAC-CE or RRC message.

[0211] In certain aspects, the UE transmits a recommendation to switch among different reporting configurations based on processing of information in the wireless standard, network entity configuration, and / or UE capabilities (e.g., depending on a confidence level threshold associated with one or more predicted channel characteristic values ​​corresponding to one or more resources).

[0212] In certain aspects, a network entity may manage the process of switching between different reporting configurations.

[0213] In certain aspects, the amount of reporting indicated via the first reporting configuration may include a confidence level (e.g., a channel characteristic prediction confidence level) associated with one or more predicted channel characteristic values ​​corresponding to one or more resources. In one example, the channel characteristic prediction confidence level of the strongest predicted resource is also indicated in the first report (e.g., indicated in the first report based on the first reporting configuration). In another example, the channel characteristic prediction confidence levels of all predicted resources are also indicated in the first report (e.g., indicated in the first report). In another example, a differential channel characteristic prediction confidence level associated with a subset of resources in a plurality of resources is indicated in the second report based on the second reporting configuration or in the fourth report based on the fourth reporting configuration. In another example, a channel characteristic prediction confidence level associated with whether the predicted channel characteristic value exceeds a threshold is indicated in the third report or in the fourth report based on the third reporting configuration. In another example, the channel characteristic prediction confidence level is quantized with a small number of bits (e.g., N number of bits) so that any additional reporting overhead is limited.

[0214] In certain aspects, the network entity may determine whether the UE must switch to another reporting configuration based on one or more confidence levels indicated by the UE to the network entity.

[0215] In certain aspects, multiple reporting configurations may correspond to multiple MAC-CEs. For example, a first reporting configuration corresponds to a first MAC-CE, and a second reporting configuration corresponds to a second MAC-CE. In such cases, the network entity may use RRC messages, MAC-CEs, or DCI to control the UE to transmit reports via a specific MAC-CE / reporting configuration. The UE may transmit reports to the network entity in a MAC-CE / reporting configuration ordered by the network entity or via separate UCI, MAC-CE, or RRC signaling regarding whether the UE will switch to another MAC-CE / reporting configuration.

[0216] Example Communication Device

[0217] Figure 17 Aspects of an example communications device 1700 are depicted. In some aspects, the communications device 1700 is a user equipment (UE), such as described above with respect to Figure 1 and Figure 3 UE 104 is described.

[0218] The communication device 1700 includes a processing system 1705 coupled to a transceiver 1745 (e.g., a transmitter and / or receiver). The transceiver 1745 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the communication device 1700, such as the various signals described herein, via an antenna 1750. The processing system 1705 may be configured to perform processing functions for the communication device 1700, including processing signals received by and / or to be transmitted by the communication device 1700.

[0219] The processing system 1705 includes one or more processors 1710. In various aspects, the one or more processors 1710 may represent one or more of the receive processor 358, the transmit processor 364, the TX MIMO processor 366, and / or the controller / processor 380, as described with respect to FIG. Figure 3 The one or more processors 1710 are coupled to the computer readable medium / memory 1725 via the bus 1740. In some aspects, the computer readable medium / memory 1725 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer executable code) that, when executed by the one or more processors 1710, cause the one or more processors 1710 to perform operations related to the computer readable medium / memory 1725. Figure 9 The method 900 described herein Figure 15 The described method 1500 and / or any aspects related thereto. Note that references to a processor performing a function of the communication device 1700 may include one or more processors 1710 performing that function of the communication device 1700 .

[0220] In the depicted example, the computer readable medium / memory 1725 stores code (e.g., executable instructions), such as code for obtaining 1730 and code for outputting 1735. Processing of the code for obtaining 1730 and the code for outputting 1735 may cause the communication device 1700 to perform operations related to Figure 9 The method 900 described herein Figure 15 The described method 1500 and / or any aspects related thereto.

[0221] The one or more processors 1710 include circuits configured to implement (e.g., execute) code stored in the computer-readable medium / memory 1725, including circuits such as circuitry for obtaining 1715 and circuitry for outputting 1720. Processing performed by the circuitry for obtaining 1715 and circuitry for outputting 1720 may enable the communication device 1700 to perform operations related to Figure 9 The method 900 described herein Figure 15 The described method 1500 and / or any aspects related thereto.

[0222] The various components of the communication device 1700 may provide for performing Figure 9 The method 900 described herein Figure 15 The components of the described method 1500 and / or any aspect thereof. For example, components for sending, transmitting, or outputting for sending may include Figure 3 The transceiver 354 and / or antenna 352 of the UE 104 illustrated in FIG. Figure 17 The circuit for outputting 1720, the code for outputting 1735, the transceiver 1745 and the antenna 1750 of the communication device 1700 in FIG. The components for receiving or obtaining may include Figure 3 The transceiver 354 and / or antenna 352 of the UE 104 illustrated in FIG. Figure 17 The circuit 1715 for obtaining, the code 1730 for obtaining, the transceiver 1745 and the antenna 1750 of the communication device 1700 in FIG.

[0223] In some cases, a device may not actually transmit, for example, signals and / or data, but may have an interface (means for outputting) for outputting signals and / or data for transmission. For example, a processor may output signals and / or data to a radio frequency (RF) front end via a bus interface for transmission. In various aspects, the RF front end may include various components, including, for example, Figure 3 The transmit and receive processors, transmit and receive MIMO processors, modulators, demodulators, etc. depicted in the examples.

[0224] In some cases, a device may not actually receive signals and / or data, but may have an interface (a component for obtaining) for obtaining signals and / or data received from another device. For example, a processor may obtain (or receive) signals and / or data from an RF front end via a bus interface for reception. In various aspects, the RF front end may include various components, including, for example, Figure 3 The transmit and receive processors, transmit and receive MIMO processors, modulators, demodulators, etc. depicted in the examples in FIG. Figure 17 are examples, and many other examples and configurations of communications device 1700 are possible.

[0225] Figure 18 Aspects of an example communication device 1800 are depicted. In some aspects, the communication device 1800 is a network entity such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 BS102 or such Figure 2 The decomposed base station in question.

[0226] The communication device 1800 includes a processing system 1805 coupled to a transceiver 1855 (e.g., a transmitter and / or receiver) and / or a network interface 1865. The transceiver 1855 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the communication device 1800, such as the various signals described herein, via an antenna 1860. The network interface 1865 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the communication device 1800, such as the various signals described herein, via a communication link (e.g., such as the various signals described herein). Figure 2 The processing system 1805 may be configured to perform processing functions for the communication device 1800, including processing signals received by and / or to be transmitted by the communication device 1800.

[0227] The processing system 1805 includes one or more processors 1810. In various aspects, the one or more processors 1810 may represent one or more of the receive processor 338, the transmit processor 320, the TX MIMO processor 330, and / or the controller / processor 340, as described with respect to FIG. Figure 3 The one or more processors 1810 are coupled to the computer readable medium / memory 1830 via a bus 1850. In certain aspects, the computer readable medium / memory 1830 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer executable code) that, when executed by the one or more processors 1810, cause the one or more processors 1810 to perform operations related to the computer readable medium / memory 1830. Figure 10 The method 1000 described herein Figure 16The described method 1600 or any aspect related thereto. Note that reference to a processor of the communication device 1800 performing a function may include one or more processors 1810 of the communication device 1800 performing that function.

[0228] In the depicted example, the computer readable medium / memory 1830 stores code (e.g., executable instructions), such as code for outputting 1835 and code for obtaining 1840. Processing of the code for outputting 1835 and the code for obtaining 1840 may cause the communication device 1800 to perform operations related to the communication device 1800. Figure 10 The method 1000 described herein Figure 16 The described method 1600 or any aspect related thereto.

[0229] The one or more processors 1810 include circuits configured to implement (e.g., execute) code stored in the computer-readable medium / memory 1830, including circuits such as circuitry for outputting 1815 and circuitry for obtaining 1820. Processing using circuitry for outputting 1815 and circuitry for obtaining 1820 may enable the communication device 1800 to perform operations related to Figure 10 The method 1000 described herein Figure 16 The described method 1600 or any aspect related thereto.

[0230] The various components of the communication device 1800 may provide for performing Figure 10 The method 1000 described herein Figure 16 Means for sending, transmitting, or outputting for sending may include: Figure 3 The transceiver 332 and / or antenna 334 of the BS 102 illustrated in FIG. Figure 18 The circuit for outputting 1815, the code for outputting 1835, the transceiver 1855 and the antenna 1860 of the communication device 1800 in FIG. Figure 3 The transceiver 332 and / or antenna 334 of the BS 102 illustrated in FIG. Figure 18 The circuit 1820 for obtaining, the code 1840 for obtaining, the transceiver 1855 and the antenna 1860 of the communication device 1800 in FIG.

[0231] In some cases, the device may not actually transmit, for example, signals and / or data, but may have an interface (components for outputting) for outputting signals and / or data for transmission. For example, the processor may output signals and / or data to the RF front end via a bus interface for transmission. In various aspects, the RF front end may include various components, including, for example, Figure 3The transmit and receive processors, transmit and receive MIMO processors, modulators, demodulators, etc. depicted in the examples.

[0232] In some cases, a device may not actually receive signals and / or data, but may have an interface (a component for obtaining) for obtaining signals and / or data received from another device. For example, a processor may obtain (or receive) signals and / or data from an RF front end via a bus interface for reception. In various aspects, the RF front end may include various components, including, for example, Figure 3 The transmit and receive processors, transmit and receive MIMO processors, modulators, demodulators, etc. depicted in the examples in FIG. Figure 18 are examples, and many other examples and configurations of communications device 1800 are possible.

[0233] Sample Clauses

[0234] Specific implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses:

[0235] Clause 1: A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: obtaining a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to a plurality of beams; and outputting signaling indicative of a report for transmission, the report indicating channel characteristic values ​​associated with a subset of resources in the plurality of resources, wherein each resource in the subset of resources is associated with a channel characteristic value that is lower than a reference channel characteristic value associated with a reference resource in the plurality of resources, and wherein each channel characteristic value associated with at least one of the plurality of resources is predicted based on measurements of one or more channel characteristics associated with the at least one resource in the plurality of resources.

[0236] Clause 2: The method of clause 1, wherein each channel characteristic value associated with each resource in the subset of resources corresponds to a differential value relative to: the reference channel characteristic value or a previous channel characteristic value associated with a previous resource in the plurality of resources.

[0237] Clause 3: The method of any one of clauses 1 to 2, further comprising: performing quantization of each differential value to generate a corresponding quantized value.

[0238] Clause 4: The method of any of clauses 1 to 3, wherein the report further indicates a resource identification (ID) associated with each resource in the subset of resources.

[0239] Clause 5: A method according to any one of clauses 1 to 4, wherein: the one or more channel characteristics also include one or more channel strength attributes; each channel characteristic value also includes at least one of the following: a layer 1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) value or a layer 1 signal to interference and noise ratio (L1-SINR) value; and the multiple resources also include at least one of the following: multiple synchronization signal block (SSB) resources or multiple CSI reference signal (CSI-RS) resources.

[0240] Clause 6: The method of clause 3, wherein each quantized value indicates a value by which a channel characteristic value corresponding to the quantized value is lower than the reference channel characteristic value.

[0241] Clause 7: The method of clause 3, wherein each quantized value indicates that the channel characteristic value corresponding to the quantized value is lower than the previous channel characteristic value.

[0242] Clause 8: A method for wireless communication at a network entity, the method comprising: outputting a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to a plurality of beams for transmission; and obtaining signaling indicative of a report, the report indicating channel characteristic values ​​associated with a subset of resources in the plurality of resources, wherein each resource in the subset of resources is associated with a channel characteristic value that is lower than a reference channel characteristic value associated with a reference resource in the plurality of resources, and wherein each channel characteristic value associated with at least one of the plurality of resources is predicted based on measurements of one or more channel characteristics associated with the at least one resource in the plurality of resources.

[0243] Clause 9: The method of clause 8, wherein each channel characteristic value associated with each resource in the subset of resources corresponds to a differential value relative to: the reference channel characteristic value or a previous channel characteristic value associated with a previous resource in the plurality of resources.

[0244] Clause 10: The method of any of clauses 8 to 9, wherein the report further indicates a resource identification (ID) associated with each resource in the subset of resources.

[0245] Clause 11: A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: obtaining a configuration for multiple resources corresponding to multiple beams, wherein each of the multiple resources is associated with an identification (ID); and outputting signaling indicating a report for sending, the report indicating the IDs of at least some of the multiple resources, each of the at least some of the multiple resources being associated with a channel characteristic value exceeding a threshold, and wherein each channel characteristic value associated with at least one of the multiple resources is predicted based on a measurement of one or more channel characteristics associated with the at least one of the multiple resources.

[0246] Clause 12: A method according to clause 11, wherein: the one or more channel characteristics also include one or more channel strength attributes; each channel characteristic value also includes at least one of the following: a layer 1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) value or a layer 1 signal to interference and noise ratio (L1-SINR) value; and the multiple resources also include at least one of the following: multiple synchronization signal block (SSB) resources or multiple channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) resources.

[0247] Clause 13: A method according to any one of clauses 11 to 12, wherein: each of the plurality of resources is associated with a single bit indicating whether the channel characteristic value corresponding to the resource exceeds the threshold; and the report further indicates a plurality of single bits corresponding to the plurality of resources.

[0248] Clause 14: The method of any of clauses 11 to 13, wherein the report further indicates the IDs of the at least some of the plurality of resources, the IDs being arranged in order according to channel characteristic values ​​of the plurality of resources.

[0249] Clause 15: A method according to any one of clauses 11 to 14, wherein at least one of the following exists: the report further indicates a first bit associated with a first resource among the multiple resources, the first bit indicating whether a first channel characteristic value associated with the first resource exceeds the threshold, and the first channel characteristic value is higher than each of the other channel characteristic values ​​associated with other resources among the multiple resources; or the report further indicates a second bit associated with a second resource among the multiple resources, the second bit indicating whether a second channel characteristic value associated with the second resource exceeds the threshold, and the second channel characteristic value is lower than each of the other channel characteristic values ​​associated with the other resources.

[0250] Clause 16: A method according to any one of clauses 11 to 15, wherein at least one of the following exists: the report further indicates a first bit associated with a first subset of resources in the plurality of resources, the first bit indicating whether each first channel characteristic value in the first channel characteristic values ​​associated with the first subset of resources exceeds the threshold, and each first channel characteristic value in the first channel characteristic values ​​is higher than each other channel characteristic value associated with other resources in the plurality of resources; or the report further indicates a second bit associated with a second subset of resources in the plurality of resources, the second bit indicating whether each second channel characteristic value in the second channel characteristic values ​​associated with the second subset of resources exceeds the threshold, and each second channel characteristic value in the second channel characteristic values ​​is lower than each other channel characteristic value associated with the other resources.

[0251] Clause 17: The method of any one of clauses 11 to 16, wherein the report further indicates a value of the threshold.

[0252] Clause 18: A method according to any one of clauses 11 to 17, wherein: the report further indicates channel characteristic values ​​associated with a subset of the resources of the plurality of resources, each resource in the subset of resources being associated with a channel characteristic value lower than a reference channel characteristic value associated with a reference resource of the plurality of resources; each channel characteristic value associated with each resource in the subset of resources corresponds to a differential value relative to: the reference channel characteristic value or a previous channel characteristic value associated with a previous resource of the plurality of resources; and quantization of each differential value is performed to generate a corresponding quantized value.

[0253] Clause 19: A method for wireless communication at a network entity, the method comprising: outputting a configuration for multiple resources corresponding to multiple beams for transmission, wherein each of the multiple resources is associated with an identification (ID); and obtaining signaling indicative of a report, the report indicating the IDs of at least some of the multiple resources, each of the at least some of the multiple resources being associated with a channel characteristic value exceeding a threshold, and wherein each channel characteristic value associated with at least one of the multiple resources is predicted based on a measurement of one or more channel characteristics associated with the at least one of the multiple resources.

[0254] Clause 20: A method according to Clause 19, wherein: the one or more channel characteristics also include one or more channel strength attributes; each channel characteristic value also includes at least one of the following: a layer 1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) value or a layer 1 signal to interference and noise ratio (L1-SINR) value; and the multiple resources also include at least one of the following: multiple synchronization signal block (SSB) resources or multiple channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) resources.

[0255] Clause 21: A method according to any one of clauses 19 to 20, wherein: each of the plurality of resources is associated with a single bit indicating whether the channel characteristic value corresponding to the resource exceeds the threshold; and the report further indicates a plurality of single bits corresponding to the plurality of resources.

[0256] Clause 22: The method of any of clauses 19 to 21, wherein the report further indicates the IDs of the at least some of the plurality of resources, the IDs being arranged in order according to channel characteristic values ​​of the plurality of resources.

[0257] Clause 23: A method according to any one of clauses 19 to 22, wherein at least one of the following exists: the report further indicates a first bit associated with a first resource among the multiple resources, the first bit indicating whether a first channel characteristic value associated with the first resource exceeds the threshold, and the first channel characteristic value is higher than each of the other channel characteristic values ​​associated with other resources among the multiple resources; or the report further indicates a second bit associated with a second resource among the multiple resources, the second bit indicating whether a second channel characteristic value associated with the second resource exceeds the threshold, and the second channel characteristic value is lower than each of the other channel characteristic values ​​associated with the other resources.

[0258] Clause 24: A method according to any one of clauses 19 to 23, wherein at least one of the following exists: the report further indicates a first bit associated with a first subset of resources in the plurality of resources, the first bit indicating whether each first channel characteristic value in the first channel characteristic values ​​associated with the first subset of resources exceeds the threshold, and each first channel characteristic value in the first channel characteristic values ​​is higher than each other channel characteristic value associated with other resources in the plurality of resources; or the report further indicates a second bit associated with a second subset of resources in the plurality of resources, the second bit indicating whether each second channel characteristic value in the second channel characteristic values ​​associated with the second subset of resources exceeds the threshold, and each second channel characteristic value in the second channel characteristic values ​​is lower than each other channel characteristic value associated with the other resources.

[0259] Clause 25: The method of any one of clauses 19 to 24, wherein the report further indicates a value of the threshold.

[0260] Clause 26: An apparatus comprising: a memory comprising executable instructions; and a processor configured to execute the executable instructions and cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of clauses 1 to 25.

[0261] Clause 27: An apparatus comprising: means for performing the method of any one of clauses 1 to 25.

[0262] Clause 28: A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising: executable instructions that, when executed by a processor of an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of clauses 1 to 25.

[0263] Clause 29: A computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium comprising code for performing the method according to any one of clauses 1 to 25.

[0264] Clause 30: A user equipment (UE), comprising: at least one transceiver; a memory comprising executable instructions; and a processor configured to execute the executable instructions and cause the UE to perform a method according to any one of clauses 1 to 7, wherein the at least one transceiver is configured to receive the configuration for the multiple resources corresponding to the multiple beams; and to send the signaling indicating the report, the report indicating the channel characteristic values ​​associated with the subset of resources in the multiple resources.

[0265] Clause 31: A network entity comprising: at least one transceiver; a memory comprising executable instructions; and a processor configured to execute the executable instructions and cause the network entity to perform a method according to any one of clauses 8 to 10, wherein the at least one transceiver is configured to send the configuration for the multiple resources corresponding to the multiple beams; and receive the signaling indicative of the report, the report indicating the channel characteristic values ​​associated with the subset of resources in the multiple resources.

[0266] Clause 32: A user equipment (UE), comprising: at least one transceiver; a memory comprising executable instructions; and a processor configured to execute the executable instructions and cause the UE to perform a method according to any one of clauses 11 to 18, wherein the at least one transceiver is configured to receive the configuration for the multiple resources corresponding to the multiple beams; and to send the signaling indicating the report, the report indicating the ID of the at least some of the multiple resources.

[0267] Clause 33: A network entity comprising: at least one transceiver; a memory comprising executable instructions; and a processor configured to execute the executable instructions and cause the network entity to perform a method according to any one of clauses 19 to 25, wherein the at least one transceiver is configured to send the configuration for the multiple resources corresponding to the multiple beams; and receive the signaling indicative of the report, the report indicating the IDs of at least some of the multiple resources.

[0268] Additional Notes

[0269] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. The examples discussed herein do not limit the scope, applicability, or aspects set forth in the claims. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. For example, the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be changed without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Various examples may omit, replace, or add various processes or components as appropriate. For example, the methods described may be performed in an order different from that described, and various actions may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with respect to some examples may be combined in some other examples. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement a device or practice a method. In addition, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover such devices or methods practiced using other structures, functionalities, or structures and functionalities that supplement or replace the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the present claims.

[0270] The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with this disclosure may be implemented or performed using a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. While a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, in an alternative embodiment, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, a system on a chip (SoC), or any other such configuration.

[0271] As used herein, a phrase referring to "at least one of" a list of items refers to any combination of those items (including single members). For example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to cover a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbc, cc, and ccc, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0272] As used herein, the term "determining" encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, searching (e.g., searching in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, and the like. Additionally, "determining" may include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory), and the like. Additionally, "determining" may include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, and the like.

[0273] The method disclosed herein includes one or more actions for implementing the method. Method actions can be interchangeable with each other without departing from the scope of the claims. In other words, unless a specified order of actions is specified, the order and / or use of specific actions can be modified without departing from the scope of the claims. In addition, the various operations of the method described above can be performed by any appropriate component that can perform the corresponding function. The component may include various hardware and / or software components and / or modules, including but not limited to circuits, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) or processors.

[0274] The following claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but should be given the full scope consistent with the language of the claims. Within the claims, unless specifically stated otherwise, reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean "one and only one", but "one or more". Unless otherwise specifically stated, the term "some" refers to one or more. No claim element is to be interpreted under the provisions of 35 U.SC § 112 (f) unless the element is explicitly stated using the phrase "parts for...". All structural and functional equivalents of the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or will later be known to one of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be covered by the claims. In addition, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public, regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly stated in the claims.

Claims

1. A device for wireless communication, the device comprising: a memory comprising computer-executable instructions; and a processor configured to execute the computer-executable instructions and cause the apparatus to: Obtaining a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to a plurality of beams; as well as Outputting signaling for transmission indicative of a report indicating channel characteristic values ​​associated with a subset of resources in the plurality of resources, wherein each resource in the subset of resources is associated with a channel characteristic value that is lower than a reference channel characteristic value associated with a reference resource in the plurality of resources, and wherein each channel characteristic value associated with at least one resource in the plurality of resources is predicted based on measurements of one or more channel characteristics associated with the at least one resource in the plurality of resources.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each channel characteristic value associated with each resource in the subset of resources corresponds to a differential value relative to: the reference channel characteristic value or a previous channel characteristic value associated with a previous resource in the plurality of resources. 3 . The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions and cause the apparatus to perform quantization of each differential value to generate a corresponding quantized value. 4 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the report further indicates a resource identification (ID) associated with each resource in the subset of resources.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The one or more channel characteristics further include one or more channel strength attributes; Each channel characteristic value further includes at least one of the following: a layer 1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) value or a layer 1 signal to interference and noise ratio (L1-SINR) value; and The plurality of resources further includes at least one of: a plurality of synchronization signal block (SSB) resources or a plurality of CSI reference signal (CSI-RS) resources. 6 . The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein each quantization value indicates a value at which a channel characteristic value corresponding to the quantization value is lower than the reference channel characteristic value. 7 . The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein each quantization value indicates that a channel characteristic value corresponding to the quantization value is lower than the previous channel characteristic value.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: At least one transceiver is configured to at least one of receive the configuration or send the report, wherein the apparatus is configured as a user equipment (UE).

9. An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: a memory comprising computer-executable instructions; and a processor configured to execute the computer-executable instructions and cause the apparatus to: outputting a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to the plurality of beams for transmission; and Obtain signaling indicative of a report, the report indicating channel characteristic values ​​associated with a subset of resources in the plurality of resources, wherein each resource in the subset of resources is associated with a channel characteristic value that is lower than a reference channel characteristic value associated with a reference resource in the plurality of resources, and wherein each channel characteristic value associated with at least one resource in the plurality of resources is based on a measured prediction of one or more channel characteristics associated with the at least one resource in the plurality of resources.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein at least one of the following is present: each channel characteristic value associated with each resource in the subset of resources corresponds to a differential value relative to: the reference channel characteristic value or a previous channel characteristic value associated with a previous resource in the plurality of resources; or The report further indicates a resource identification (ID) associated with each resource in the subset of resources.

11. The apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising: At least one transceiver configured to at least one of: send the configuration or receive the report, wherein the apparatus is configured as a network entity.

12. An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: a memory comprising computer-executable instructions; and a processor configured to execute the computer-executable instructions and cause the apparatus to: Obtaining a configuration for a plurality of resources corresponding to a plurality of beams, wherein each resource of the plurality of resources is associated with an identification (ID); and Outputting signaling indicative of a report for transmission, the report indicating IDs of at least some of the plurality of resources, each of the at least some of the plurality of resources being associated with a channel characteristic value exceeding a threshold, and wherein each channel characteristic value associated with at least one of the plurality of resources is predicted based on measurements of one or more channel characteristics associated with the at least one of the plurality of resources.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein: The one or more channel characteristics further include one or more channel strength attributes; Each channel characteristic value further includes at least one of the following: a layer 1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) value or a layer 1 signal to interference and noise ratio (L1-SINR) value; and The plurality of resources further includes at least one of: a plurality of synchronization signal block (SSB) resources or a plurality of channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) resources.

14. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein: Each resource of the plurality of resources is associated with a single bit indicating whether a channel characteristic value corresponding to the resource exceeds the threshold; and The report further indicates a plurality of individual bits corresponding to the plurality of resources.

15. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the report further indicates the IDs of the at least some of the plurality of resources, the IDs being arranged in order according to channel characteristic values ​​of the plurality of resources.

16. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein there is at least one of the following: the report further indicating a first bit associated with a first resource of the plurality of resources, the first bit indicating whether a first channel characteristic value associated with the first resource exceeds the threshold, the first channel characteristic value being higher than each of other channel characteristic values ​​associated with other resources of the plurality of resources; or The report further indicates a second bit associated with a second resource of the plurality of resources, the second bit indicating whether a second channel characteristic value associated with the second resource exceeds the threshold, the second channel characteristic value being lower than each of the other channel characteristic values ​​associated with the other resources.

17. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein there is at least one of the following: the report further indicates a first bit associated with a first subset of resources in the plurality of resources, the first bit indicating whether each first channel characteristic value associated with the first subset of resources exceeds the threshold, each first channel characteristic value being higher than each other channel characteristic value associated with other resources in the plurality of resources; or The report further indicates a second bit associated with a second subset of resources in the plurality of resources, the second bit indicating whether each of second channel characteristic values ​​associated with the second subset of resources exceeds the threshold, each of the second channel characteristic values ​​being lower than each of the other channel characteristic values ​​associated with the other resources. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the report further indicates a value of the threshold.

19. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein: The report further indicates channel characteristic values ​​associated with a subset of the resources in the plurality of resources, each resource in the subset of resources being associated with a channel characteristic value that is lower than a reference channel characteristic value associated with a reference resource in the plurality of resources; each channel characteristic value associated with each resource in the subset of resources corresponds to a differential value relative to: the reference channel characteristic value or a previous channel characteristic value associated with a previous resource in the plurality of resources; and The processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions and cause the apparatus to perform quantization of each differential value to generate a corresponding quantized value.

20. The apparatus according to claim 12, further comprising: At least one transceiver is configured to at least one of receive the configuration or send the report, wherein the apparatus is configured as a user equipment (UE).

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