Method for planting polygonum multiflorum under forest

Abstract

The invention discloses an under-forest planting method for polygonum multiflorum. The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological planting of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. The method comprises comprehensive application of multi-tree-species collaborative configuration, soil improvement, ecological management and a harvesting optimization technology. By means of measures such as shallow root system arbor matched planting, composite improved matrix application, slow-release organic fertilizer bag burying, a grass covering method and natural enemy insect introduction, the problems that traditional planting occupies cultivated land, water and soil loss exists, under-forest illumination is insufficient, fertility is low, and plant diseases and insect pests occur frequently are solved, and staged harvesting is achieved so that the resource utilization rate can be increased. The yield and quality of polygonum multiflorum can be improved, meanwhile, the ecological environment is protected, and the win-win effect of economic and ecological benefits is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological planting of traditional Chinese medicines, and specifically relates to a method for planting Polygonum multiflorum under forests. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the Chinese medicinal materials planting industry, the market demand for Polygonum multiflorum, as an important medicinal plant, has increased year by year. However, the traditional method of planting Polygonum multiflorum requires the occupation of arable land, and the problem of competing with grain crops for land is more prominent. At the same time, it is easy to cause soil erosion when planted on slopes, which has a certain impact on the ecological environment. Although the conventional understory planting model attempts to alleviate the problem of arable land occupation, due to limitations such as insufficient light, low soil fertility, and frequent pests and diseases, the yield of Polygonum multiflorum is low, and the content of its active ingredients (such as diphenyl glycosides) fluctuates greatly, making it difficult to meet the market demand for high-quality medicinal materials. In addition, the existing technology is still insufficient for the coordinated utilization of understory ecosystems, and a balance has not been achieved between economic benefits and ecological protection, which has limited the promotion and application of understory planting models.

[0003] Polygonum multiflorum is a perennial, twining herb with clumpy or irregularly spindle-shaped tubers and a reddish-brown or reddish-brown surface. It possesses high medicinal value. While cutting propagation effectively improves seedling survival rates, existing methods still require improved management in terms of environmental regulation, soil improvement, and pest and disease control. To address these challenges, it is crucial to develop a forest planting method that can both increase Polygonum multiflorum yield and quality while protecting the ecological environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a method for planting Polygonum multiflorum under a forest. The planting method constructs a new planting system through the comprehensive application of multi-species coordinated configuration, soil improvement technology, ecological management model and harvest optimization technology, and solves the problems of traditional Polygonum multiflorum planting occupying arable land, soil erosion, and conventional under-forest planting with insufficient light, low soil fertility, and frequent pests and diseases.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a method for planting Polygonum multiflorum under a forest, the planting method comprising the following steps:

[0006] (1) Select shallow-rooted trees (such as Chinese pine and Chinese fir) as companion plants in the forest, and set the tree spacing to more than 4 meters to ensure that the light transmittance under the forest reaches 30%-40%; the fallen leaves of the trees naturally cover the soil surface, and the fallen leaves decompose to provide organic matter and regulate soil moisture;

[0007] (2) Before planting, the soil was improved by applying a composite improved matrix consisting of humus, fungus residue, and plant ash, mixed evenly in a weight ratio of 3:1:1. The soil pH was adjusted to 6.0-6.5. Slow-release organic fertilizer bags consisting of earthworm castings and bone meal were buried in trenches between ridges. The fertilizer effect could last for 6-8 months.

[0008] (3) Using grass mulch method, planting low nitrogen-fixing plants such as clover under the forest to inhibit weed growth and increase soil nitrogen content, while introducing natural enemy insects such as ladybugs to control aphids and reduce the use of chemical pesticides;

[0009] (4) Polygonum multiflorum is harvested in stages according to its growth cycle: tubers are harvested from 3-year-old plants, and vines are harvested from 1-2-year-old plants, thus realizing resource recycling.

[0010] Furthermore, the specific operation of the cutting propagation is as follows:

[0011] (1) Select a container with a size of 8cm×7.48cm×5cm, and mix the soil with 70% humus, 10% sand and 20% organic fertilizer, then put it into the container after thorough mixing;

[0012] (2) Select branches with a vine bud length of 10-30 cm, a branch diameter of 0.3 cm-0.58 cm, a branch bevel of 0.3 cm-1.05 cm, and 2-3 full and pest-free vine buds as cutting materials;

[0013] (3) Apply the smear (black, gray, white, yellow) to the branches first, and then soak them in rooting powder solution (1 jin to 500 times water), carbendazim solution (1 jin to 1000 times water) and water-soluble fertilizer solution (1 jin to 250-350 kg of water) for 1 minute after 20-40 minutes, and then water them thoroughly.

[0014] (4) When transplanting, the distance between the tillage and the soil should be controlled between 1 meter and 1.2 meters, and the soil should be covered with a film arch box. The height of the shed arch should be set to 60cm-80cm. The temperature in the shed should be maintained at 30℃-42℃, and the humidity should be kept above 80%. When the seedling height reaches 10 cm, the overcrowded or weak seedlings should be thinned out, and weeding should be strengthened when the seedling height reaches 15 cm.

[0015] Furthermore, the implementation method of the coordinated configuration of multiple tree species is: select shallow-rooted trees to plant with Polygonum multiflorum, with the tree spacing ≥4 meters to ensure suitable lighting conditions under the forest; the fallen leaves of the trees naturally cover the soil, and the fallen leaves decompose to form organic matter, which regulates soil moisture and promotes the growth of Polygonum multiflorum.

[0016] Furthermore, the operational details of the soil improvement technology are as follows: before planting, a composite improvement matrix is ​​applied, which consists of humus, fungal residue and wood ash, mixed evenly in a weight ratio of 3:1:1, and the soil pH is adjusted to 6.0-6.5; trenches are dug between ridges to bury slow-release organic fertilizer bags, which are composed of earthworm castings and bone meal. The fertilizer effect lasts for 6-8 months, providing a long-term nutrient supply to the soil.

[0017] Furthermore, the implementation method of the ecological management model is: planting low nitrogen-fixing plants such as clover under the forest, covering the ground to inhibit the growth of weeds, and at the same time increasing the nitrogen content in the soil through nitrogen fixation; introducing natural enemy insects such as ladybugs to control aphids, reduce the use of chemical pesticides, and reduce environmental pollution.

[0018] Furthermore, the implementation method of the harvesting optimization technology is: harvesting in stages according to the growth cycle of Polygonum multiflorum, harvesting tubers from 3-year-old plants, and harvesting vines from 1-2-year-old plants, thereby realizing resource recycling and improving economic benefits.

[0019] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows: (1) Significant ecological benefits: The present invention utilizes the space under the forest to plant Polygonum multiflorum, avoiding competition with food crops for land and alleviating the shortage of arable land resources. At the same time, through grass cover (such as clover) and returning fallen leaves to the fields, it reduces soil erosion and improves the forest microenvironment. In addition, the coordinated planting of multiple tree species (such as pine + Polygonum multiflorum + nitrogen-fixing plants) forms a symbiotic system, attracts beneficial insects (such as ladybugs), and inhibits the outbreak of pests; (2) Outstanding economic benefits: Planting under the forest can simultaneously harvest wood (such as pine, fir) and medicinal materials (Polygonum multiflorum), and artificially planted Polygonum multiflorum is effective. The content of ingredients (such as diphenyl glycosides and polysaccharides) is significantly higher than that of field planting, which reduces the use of chemical fertilizers and reduces dependence on pesticides; (3) Strong technical sustainability: the composite matrix (humus soil + fungus residue + wood ash) and slow-release fertilizer bag in the present invention can continuously provide nutrients to avoid soil degradation. At the same time, planting waste (such as Polygonum multiflorum vines and fallen leaves) can be made into organic fertilizer or biomass fuel to achieve "zero waste"; (4) Policy support and market potential: the present invention is in line with the national forest economy and rural revitalization policy orientation. At the same time, the high-purity, low-pesticide residue ecological Polygonum multiflorum is in line with the "high quality and high price" trend of the Chinese medicinal materials market, and there is a large premium space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Measurement diagram of cutting propagation container;

[0021] Figure 2 Diagram of vine bud branch selection during cutting period;

[0022] Figure 3 Growth chart of Polygonum multiflorum seedlings.

[0023] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those familiar to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be applied to the present invention. The preferred embodiments and materials described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0026] The experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are conventional methods; the test materials and test strains used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are purchased from commercial channels.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A method for planting Polygonum multiflorum under forest

[0029] The planting method comprises the following steps:

[0030] (1) Select shallow-rooted trees (such as Chinese pine and Chinese fir) as companion plants in the forest, and set the tree spacing to more than 4 meters to ensure that the light transmittance under the forest reaches 30%-40%; the fallen leaves of the trees naturally cover the soil surface, and the fallen leaves decompose to provide organic matter and regulate soil moisture;

[0031] (2) Before planting, the soil was improved by applying a composite improved matrix consisting of humus, fungus residue, and plant ash, mixed evenly in a weight ratio of 3:1:1. The soil pH was adjusted to 6.0-6.5. Slow-release organic fertilizer bags consisting of earthworm castings and bone meal were buried in trenches between ridges. The fertilizer effect could last for 6-8 months.

[0032] (3) Using grass mulch method, planting low nitrogen-fixing plants such as clover under the forest to inhibit weed growth and increase soil nitrogen content, while introducing natural enemy insects such as ladybugs to control aphids and reduce the use of chemical pesticides;

[0033] (4) Polygonum multiflorum is harvested in stages according to its growth cycle: tubers are harvested from 3-year-old plants, and vines are harvested from 1-2-year-old plants, thus realizing resource recycling.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] Cutting propagation method

[0036] The specific operation of described cutting propagation is as follows:

[0037] (1) Select a container with the size of 8cm×7.48cm×5cm, such as Figure 1 As shown, the soil consists of 70% humus soil, 10% sand and 20% organic fertilizer, which are fully mixed and then put into the container;

[0038] (2) Select branches with vine bud length of 10-30cm, branch diameter of 0.3cm-0.58cm, branch bevel of 0.3cm-1.05cm, and 2-3 full and pest-free vine buds as cutting materials, such as Figure 2 As shown;

[0039] (3) Apply the smear (black, gray, white, yellow) to the branches first, and then soak them in rooting powder solution (1 jin to 500 times water), carbendazim solution (1 jin to 1000 times water) and water-soluble fertilizer solution (1 jin to 250-350 kg of water) for 1 minute after 20-40 minutes, and then water them thoroughly.

[0040] (4) When transplanting, the distance between the ground should be controlled between 1 meter and 1.2 meters, and the film arch should be used for covering. The height of the shed arch should be set to 60cm-80cm. The temperature in the shed should be maintained at 30℃-42℃, and the humidity should be kept above 80%. When the seedlings reach a height of 10 cm, the overcrowded or weak seedlings should be thinned out. When the seedlings are 15 cm tall, weeding should be strengthened. Figure 3 .

[0041] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0042] The present invention and its embodiments are described above. This description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this and, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, designs structures and embodiments similar to this technical solution without inventiveness, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting Polygonum multiflorum under forests, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) Select shallow-rooted trees as companion plants in the forest, and set the tree spacing to more than 4 meters to ensure that the light transmittance under the forest reaches 30%-40%; the fallen leaves of the trees naturally cover the soil surface, and the fallen leaves decompose to provide organic matter and regulate soil moisture; (2) Before planting, the soil was improved by applying a composite improved matrix consisting of humus, fungus residue, and plant ash, mixed evenly in a weight ratio of 3:1:

1. The soil pH was adjusted to 6.0-6.

5. Slow-release organic fertilizer bags consisting of earthworm castings and bone meal were buried in trenches between ridges. The fertilizer effect could last for 6-8 months. (3) Using grass mulch method, planting low nitrogen-fixing plants such as clover under the forest to inhibit weed growth and increase soil nitrogen content, while introducing natural enemy insects such as ladybugs to control aphids and reduce the use of chemical pesticides; (4) Polygonum multiflorum is harvested in stages according to its growth cycle: tubers are harvested from 3-year-old plants, and vines are harvested from 1-2-year-old plants, thus realizing resource recycling.

2. A method for planting Polygonum multiflorum under forests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operation of described cutting propagation is as follows: (1) Select a container with a size of 8cm×7.48cm×5cm, and mix the soil with 70% humus, 10% sand and 20% organic fertilizer, then put it into the container after thorough mixing; (2) Select branches with a vine bud length of 10-30 cm, a branch diameter of 0.3 cm-0.58 cm, a branch bevel of 0.3 cm-1.05 cm, and 2-3 full and pest-free vine buds as cutting materials; (3) Apply the smear to the branches first, then soak them in rooting powder solution, carbendazim solution and water-soluble fertilizer solution for 1 minute after 20-40 minutes, and then water them thoroughly; (4) When transplanting, the distance between the tillage and the soil should be controlled between 1 meter and 1.2 meters, and the soil should be covered with a film arch box. The height of the shed arch should be set to 60cm-80cm. The temperature in the shed should be maintained at 30℃-42℃, and the humidity should be kept above 80%. When the seedling height reaches 10 cm, the overcrowded or weak seedlings should be thinned out, and weeding should be strengthened when the seedling height reaches 15 cm.

3. A method for planting Polygonum multiflorum under forests according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shallow-rooted trees are Chinese pine or Chinese fir, and the fallen leaves of the trees naturally cover the soil surface to form a fallen leaf cover layer.

4. A method for planting Polygonum multiflorum under forests according to claim 3, characterized in that: The application depth of the composite improved matrix is ​​15-20 cm. After application, the soil is plowed to fully mix the improved matrix with the original soil.

5. A method for planting Polygonum multiflorum under forests according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slow-release organic fertilizer bag has a burial depth of 20-30 cm, a burial spacing of 50 cm, and a fertilizer effect duration of 6-8 months.

6. A method for planting Polygonum multiflorum under forests according to claim 5, characterized in that: The growth height of the clover is controlled within 10-15 cm, and its root system is used to fix nitrogen in the soil and increase the nitrogen content of the soil.

7. A method for planting Polygonum multiflorum under forests according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cutting propagation uses a container with a specification of 8cm×7.48cm×5cm, and the soil is composed of 70% humus soil, 10% sandy soil and 20% organic fertilizer.

8. The method for planting Polygonum multiflorum under forests according to claim 7, wherein: The cutting branches are first smeared with a smear prepared by mixing black ash, white ash and loess in a weight ratio of 2:1:1, and the smearing time is 20-40 minutes.

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