A recycling device for a photovoltaic panel aluminum frame assembly and a working method

Abstract

The application provides a recycling device and working method for an aluminum frame assembly of a photovoltaic panel, relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and aims to solve the problems of low dismounting efficiency and poor effect in the recycling process of the photovoltaic panel. The clamping part of the clamping assembly can adjust the vertical size according to the thickness of the photovoltaic panel, so as to meet the stability requirement of clamping. The cutting tool table is integrated with a sawing mechanism and a shoveling mechanism, and the two mechanisms are distributed in a height difference. The sawing mechanism first preprocesses the frame, and then the shoveling mechanism separates the frame, so that the frame is disassembled step by step. The first wedge-shaped cutter and the second wedge-shaped cutter of the shoveling mechanism are vertically spaced, forming a channel for the frame to pass through. The first wedge-shaped cutter can adjust the position through the vertical telescopic part, cooperate with the second wedge-shaped cutter, shovel into the space between the frame and the main body from the inner ring of the frame, and gradually separate the frame from the main body through continuous pushing, so as to realize accurate separation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental protection technology, specifically to a recycling and processing device and working method for aluminum frame components of photovoltaic panels. Background Technology

[0002] After photovoltaic (PV) modules reach the end of their service life, they need to be recycled and reused to ensure resource recycling and environmental protection. During the recycling process, in addition to removing the corresponding PV support structure to separate the PV panels, it is also necessary to remove the aluminum alloy frame and junction box from the PV panels, and then separate the solar cells, tempered glass, backsheet, etc. Chinese patent (publication number CN116512339A) discloses a hot-knife separation and recycling device for waste crystalline silicon PV panels. First, the PV panels are heated by a heating mechanism to soften the adhesive layers between the PV panel laminates. Then, the PV panels are conveyed to the separation mechanism by the friction between the front conveyor mechanism and the cover glass and backsheet. The separation mechanism cuts the cover glass to separate it from the remaining laminates. Finally, the separated cover glass is conveyed out by a rear conveyor mechanism, resulting in a complete cover glass and remaining laminates.

[0003] However, before separating the cover glass and laminates, the aluminum alloy frame of the photovoltaic panel needs to be recycled. During disassembly, the frame is typically held by clamps and then torn off the photovoltaic panel. Because the strength and toughness of aluminum alloy decrease after long-term service, this clamping, pulling, and tearing method easily causes the frame to break, requiring repositioning and clamping. Furthermore, the bottom of the aluminum alloy frame of the photovoltaic panel has protruding fins for auxiliary installation and fixation. These protrusions are difficult to match smoothly with the clamps, and direct clamping can easily lead to breakage of the protruding fins, causing slippage and making it difficult to achieve the required clamping force, affecting the disassembly effect. Moreover, during the pulling process, because the pulling direction is parallel to the clamping surface, excessive pulling force can easily cause the clamping position to loosen, resulting in scratch damage to the tempered glass, solar cells, and backsheet, affecting the quality of the recycled components. Currently, the disassembly process of the aluminum alloy frame of photovoltaic panels suffers from poor disassembly effect and low efficiency.

[0004] In addition, the junction boxes on the photovoltaic panels protrude from the surface and are currently mostly removed by knocking. However, during the knocking process, other flat panel components of the photovoltaic panel, such as tempered glass and solar cells, are easily damaged by vibration, affecting the quality of recycled parts. Furthermore, because the junction boxes protrude from the surface of the photovoltaic panels, they are inconvenient to place on the flat panel clamps, resulting in poor clamping stability and affecting recycling efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a recycling device and operating method for photovoltaic panel aluminum frame assemblies. The clamping part of the clamping assembly can be vertically adjusted according to the thickness of the photovoltaic panel to meet the requirements of clamping stability. The cutting tool table integrates a sawing mechanism and a shoveling mechanism, which are distributed at different heights. The sawing mechanism first pre-processes the frame, and the shoveling mechanism then performs the separation operation, realizing step-by-step disassembly. The first and second wedge-shaped cutters of the shoveling mechanism are vertically spaced to form a channel for the frame to pass through. The position of the first wedge-shaped cutter can be adjusted by a vertical telescopic component, and it cooperates with the second wedge-shaped cutter to shovel from the inner circle of the frame into the space between the frame and the main body, achieving precise separation.

[0006] The first objective of this invention is to provide a recycling and processing device for aluminum frame components of photovoltaic panels, which adopts the following solution:

[0007] include:

[0008] The clamping assembly, mounted on the frame, is equipped with a clamping part that allows for vertical size adjustment;

[0009] The cutting assembly includes a cutting tool table and an adjustment mechanism. The cutting tool table is mounted on the frame via the adjustment mechanism to adjust the relative position of the cutting tool table and the clamping part. The cutting tool table includes a sawing mechanism and a shoveling mechanism with different heights. The sawing mechanism is equipped with sawing tools. The shoveling mechanism includes a first wedge-shaped tool and a second wedge-shaped tool that are vertically spaced apart. The first wedge-shaped tool is connected to a vertical telescopic member. A channel for the photovoltaic panel frame to pass through is formed between the first wedge-shaped tool and the second wedge-shaped tool. The cutting edges of the first wedge-shaped tool and the second wedge-shaped tool shovel from the inner circle of the photovoltaic panel frame into the space between the photovoltaic panel frame and the photovoltaic panel body.

[0010] Furthermore, the output end of the vertical telescopic member is connected to a slider, the first wedge cutter is installed on the slider, the first wedge cutter and the second wedge cutter are located between the vertical telescopic member and the clamping part, and the cutting edges of the first wedge cutter and the second wedge cutter both face the vertical telescopic member, while the side away from the cutting edge faces the clamping part.

[0011] Furthermore, the first wedge-shaped cutter is located at the bottom of the slider, and a third wedge-shaped cutter is connected to the top of the slider, extending toward the clamping part and protruding out of the slider. The cutting edge of the third wedge-shaped cutter faces the clamping part and is used to strip the junction box.

[0012] Furthermore, the sawing mechanism also includes a sawing drive element, the output end of which is connected to the sawing tool. The sawing drive element and the vertical telescopic component are spaced apart on the base of the cutting tool table.

[0013] Furthermore, vertically, the sawing tool is located between the base of the cutting tool table and the second wedge-shaped tool, and the sawing tool extends toward the clamping part and protrudes beyond the base of the cutting tool table to contact the protruding fins at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel frame.

[0014] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes a two-axis translation mechanism, which is mounted on the frame, and the cutting tool table is mounted on the output end of the two-axis translation mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, two sides of the clamping part are respectively mounted on a two-axis translation mechanism, and a cutting tool table is respectively mounted on the output end of each two-axis translation mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate, and the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are respectively connected to clamping drive elements. The clamping drive assembly connected to the lower clamping plate is mounted on a rotary element to drive the lower clamping plate, the clamping drive elements and the photovoltaic panel it carries to rotate horizontally.

[0017] A second objective of the present invention is to provide a method for operating a recycling and processing apparatus for aluminum frame modules of photovoltaic panels, comprising:

[0018] The clamping assembly is activated, and the clamping part is adjusted according to the specifications of the photovoltaic panel to clamp the photovoltaic panel;

[0019] The adjustment mechanism moves the cutting tool table, adjusting the relative position between the cutting tool table and the clamping part;

[0020] The sawing mechanism's sawing blades cut the protruding fins at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel's frame;

[0021] When the shovel mechanism operates, the photovoltaic panel frame passes through the channel between the first and second wedge cutters. The vertical telescopic component drives the first wedge cutter to perform vertical telescopic adjustment, so that the first wedge cutter fits against the top surface of the photovoltaic panel body and the second wedge cutter fits against the bottom surface of the photovoltaic panel body. The cutting edges of both cutters are precisely inserted from the inner circle of the photovoltaic panel frame into the space between the photovoltaic panel frame and the photovoltaic panel body, thus separating the photovoltaic panel frame from the body.

[0022] The adjustment mechanism drives the cutting tool table to move, so that the first wedge tool and the second wedge tool gradually move along the edge of the frame to peel the photovoltaic panel frame from the photovoltaic panel body.

[0023] Furthermore, after one side frame is peeled off from the main body of the photovoltaic panel, the posture of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted, and the frames on the other sides of the photovoltaic panel are peeled off.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this invention are:

[0025] To address the current issues of low efficiency and poor performance in removing the frame during photovoltaic panel recycling, the clamping unit of the clamping assembly can be vertically adjusted according to the thickness of the photovoltaic panel to meet the requirements for clamping stability. The cutting tool table integrates a sawing mechanism and a shoveling mechanism, with the two distributed at different heights. The sawing mechanism first pre-processes the frame, and the shoveling mechanism then performs the separation operation, achieving step-by-step disassembly. The first and second wedge-shaped cutters of the shoveling mechanism are vertically spaced to form a channel for the frame to pass through. The position of the first wedge-shaped cutter can be adjusted by a vertical telescopic component, cooperating with the second wedge-shaped cutter to shovel into the space between the frame and the main body from the inner circle of the frame. Through continuous advancement, the frame is gradually separated from the main body, achieving precise separation. Through sawing pre-processing and the gradual separation by the wedge-shaped cutters, stress concentration in the aluminum alloy frame is reduced during the disassembly process, avoiding breakage due to material performance degradation, reducing repetitive operations, and improving disassembly efficiency. The vertically adjustable clamping unit and the wedge-shaped cutters applying force from the inner circle effectively avoid the protruding fin structure at the bottom of the frame, ensuring the stability and reliability of the disassembly process.

[0026] The first and second wedge-shaped cutters are located between the vertical telescopic component and the clamping part, with the cutting edge facing the telescopic component and the side away from the cutting edge facing the clamping part. This arrangement ensures that when the cutters cut into the frame, the force is directed outwards towards the photovoltaic panel, avoiding compressive stress on the tempered glass and solar cells. Simultaneously, the reverse design of the cutter cutting edge (facing the telescopic component) ensures that the frame material deforms outwards during cutting, reducing the risk of internal damage.

[0027] The third wedge-shaped cutter extends beyond the slider towards the clamping part, with its cutting edge facing the junction box (usually located at the back edge of the photovoltaic panel). As the slider moves with the vertical telescopic component, the extension length of the third wedge-shaped cutter ensures that the cutting edge can reach the connection area between the junction box and the photovoltaic panel. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a recycling and processing device for aluminum frame components of photovoltaic panels in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of a recycling and processing device for photovoltaic panel aluminum frame components in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a clamping component in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of a clamping component in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a cutting tool stage in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] The components include: 1. Hydraulic power source; 2. Frame; 3. Clamping assembly; 4. Cutting tool table; 5. Transverse lead screw guide; 6. Longitudinal lead screw guide; 7. Photovoltaic panel; 301. Upper hydraulic clamping cylinder; 302. Upper clamping plate; 303. Lower clamping plate; 304. Lower hydraulic clamping cylinder; 305. Hydraulic turntable fixing table; 306. Hydraulic turntable; 401. Saw blade; 402. Gearbox; 403. Motor; 404. Vertical extension. 405. Slider guide frame; 406. Slider; 407. Third wedge cutter; 408. First wedge cutter; 409. Second wedge cutter; 410. Fixed base; 601. Servo motor; 602. Lead screw end cap; 603. Bearing support; 604. Lead screw; 605. Slider on both sides of the slide table; 606. Nut slider; 607. Longitudinal lead screw guide rail moving guide groove; 608. Slide table; 609. Lead screw nut. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Example 1

[0037] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, a recycling device for aluminum frame components of photovoltaic panels is presented.

[0038] After long-term service, the strength and toughness of the aluminum alloy frame of the photovoltaic panel 7 decrease. Traditional clamping and pulling methods easily lead to frame breakage, requiring repeated positioning and clamping, which is inefficient. The protruding fin structure at the bottom of the frame makes it difficult for the clamp to match effectively, easily leading to clamp slippage and insufficient removal force. The pulling direction is parallel to the clamping surface, and excessive removal force may cause the clamping position to loosen, scratching the tempered glass, solar cells and other core components, affecting the recycling quality. Based on this, this embodiment provides a recycling and processing device for photovoltaic panel aluminum frame components. The clamping part of the clamping component 3 can be vertically adjusted according to the thickness of the photovoltaic panel 7 to ensure stable clamping of photovoltaic panels 7 of different specifications and avoid clamping failure caused by protruding fins. The cutting tool table 4 integrates a sawing mechanism and a shoveling mechanism, and the two are distributed at different heights. The sawing mechanism first pre-processes the frame, and the shoveling mechanism then performs the separation operation to achieve step-by-step disassembly. The first wedge-shaped cutter 408 and the second wedge-shaped cutter 409 of the shoveling mechanism are vertically spaced to form a channel for the frame to pass through. The first wedge cutter 408 can be adjusted in position by the vertical telescopic component 404, and cooperate with the second wedge cutter 409 to cut into the space between the frame and the main body from the inner circle of the frame, achieving precise separation.

[0039] Specifically, the recycling and processing device for the aluminum frame of the photovoltaic panel includes a clamping assembly 3 and a cutting assembly. The clamping assembly 3 is installed on the frame 2 and has a clamping part with vertically adjustable dimensions; the cutting assembly includes a cutting tool table 4 and an adjustment mechanism. The cutting tool table 4 is installed on the frame 2 through the adjustment mechanism to adjust the relative position of the cutting tool table 4 and the clamping part; the cutting tool table 4 includes a sawing mechanism and a shoveling mechanism with height difference distribution. The sawing mechanism is equipped with a sawing tool 401, and the shoveling mechanism includes a first wedge-shaped tool 408 and a second wedge-shaped tool 409 with vertical spacing. The first wedge-shaped tool 408 is connected to a vertical telescopic member 404. A channel for the frame of the photovoltaic panel 7 to pass through is formed between the first wedge-shaped tool 408 and the second wedge-shaped tool 409. The cutting edges of the first wedge-shaped tool 408 and the second wedge-shaped tool 409 shovel from the inner circle of the frame of the photovoltaic panel 7 into the space between the frame of the photovoltaic panel 7 and the main body of the photovoltaic panel 7.

[0040] The clamping assembly 3 adjusts the size of the clamping part according to the thickness of the photovoltaic panel 7, firmly clamping the main body of the photovoltaic panel 7 and preventing it from shaking during disassembly. The adjustment mechanism drives the cutting tool table 4 to move, so that the sawing mechanism is aligned with the position to be processed on the frame. The sawing tool 401 performs partial cutting on the aluminum alloy frame, weakening the connection strength between the frame and the main body, preparing for subsequent scraping and separation.

[0041] The sawn frame enters the channel between the first and second wedge cutters 409. The vertical telescopic member 404 drives the first wedge cutter 408 downward, working in conjunction with the second wedge cutter 409 to cut the blade from the inner circle of the frame into the joint between the frame and the main body. Through continuous advancement, the frame is gradually separated from the main body, completing the disassembly process.

[0042] By employing sawing pre-treatment and progressive separation with wedge cutters, stress concentration in the aluminum alloy frame during dismantling is reduced, preventing breakage due to material degradation, minimizing repetitive operations, and improving dismantling efficiency. The vertically adjustable clamping mechanism and the wedge cutter's application of force from the inner ring effectively avoid the protruding fin structure at the bottom of the frame, ensuring the stability and reliability of the dismantling process. The wedge cutter's scraping direction is perpendicular to the photovoltaic panel 7 surface, and the dismantling force acts on the inner side of the frame, preventing scratch damage to core components such as tempered glass and solar cells, thus improving the quality and reuse rate of recycled parts.

[0043] The first wedge-shaped cutter 408 and the second wedge-shaped cutter 409 are located between the vertical telescopic member 404 and the clamping part, with the cutting edge facing the telescopic member and the side away from the cutting edge facing the clamping part. This ensures that when the cutter cuts into the frame, the force is directed towards the outside of the photovoltaic panel 7, avoiding compressive stress on the tempered glass and the battery cells. At the same time, the reverse design of the cutter's cutting edge (facing the telescopic member) ensures that the frame material deforms outward during the cutting process, reducing the risk of internal damage.

[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, a slider 406 is connected to the output end of the vertical telescopic member 404. A first wedge cutter 408 is mounted to the slider 406. The first wedge cutter 408 and a second wedge cutter 409 are located between the vertical telescopic member 404 and the clamping part, with the cutting edges of both the first wedge cutter 408 and the second wedge cutter 409 facing the vertical telescopic member 404, and the side facing away from the cutting edge facing the clamping part. The vertical telescopic member 404 can be a hydraulic cylinder. To guide the slider 406, a slider guide frame 405 with an opening is provided around the vertical telescopic member 404. The slider 406 passes through the slider guide frame 405 and then connects to the first wedge cutter 408.

[0045] The first wedge-shaped cutter 408 is located at the bottom of the slider 406. The top of the slider 406 is connected to a third wedge-shaped cutter 407 that extends toward the clamping part and protrudes outside the slider 406. The cutting edge of the third wedge-shaped cutter 407 faces the clamping part and is used to strip the junction box.

[0046] The third wedge-shaped cutter 407 extending from the top of the slider 406 forms a longitudinally distributed structure with the first wedge-shaped cutter 408 and the second wedge-shaped cutter 409 to avoid mutual interference. The cutting edge of the third wedge-shaped cutter 407 faces the clamping part. The third wedge-shaped cutter 407 is installed on the top of the slider 406, forming a vertically staggered layout with the first wedge-shaped cutter 408 at the bottom. This allows the third wedge-shaped cutter 407 to reach the junction box position simultaneously when the same slider 406 performs the frame removal action, eliminating the need for an additional lifting mechanism and simplifying the equipment structure.

[0047] The third wedge-shaped cutter 407 extends outward from the slider 406 towards the clamping part, with its cutting edge facing the junction box (usually located at the back edge of the photovoltaic panel 7). As the slider 406 moves with the vertical telescopic member 404, the extension length of the third wedge-shaped cutter 407 ensures that the cutting edge can reach the connection area between the junction box and the photovoltaic panel 7.

[0048] The sawing mechanism also includes a sawing drive element, the output end of which is connected to a sawing cutter 401. The sawing drive element and the vertical telescopic component 404 are spaced apart on the base of the cutting tool table 4. The sawing drive element consists of a motor 403 and a gearbox 402. The output end of the motor 403 is connected to the sawing cutter 401 through the gearbox 402. The sawing cutter 401 is a chainsaw cutter, which is driven to rotate by the motor 403 to cut off the protruding fins of the photovoltaic panel 7. The second wedge cutter 409 is mounted on the base via a fixing seat 410.

[0049] The sawing tool 401 is located between the base and the second wedge tool 409 and extends out of the base, so that it can accurately contact the protruding fins at the bottom of the frame. This solves the problem that traditional clamps have difficulty in handling protruding structures. By sawing the fins first, clamping obstacles are eliminated and the connection strength between the frame and the main body is weakened, creating conditions for the subsequent cutting of the wedge tool.

[0050] The sawing drive element and the vertical telescopic component 404 are spaced apart on the base to avoid vibration interference. The high-frequency vibration generated during sawing is transmitted to the frame 2 through an independent support structure, while the linear movement of the vertical telescopic component 404 is unaffected, ensuring the stability of the wedge cutter's entry.

[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 The adjustment mechanism includes a two-axis translation mechanism mounted on the frame 2, with a cutting tool table 4 mounted on the output end of the two-axis translation mechanism. Two-axis translation mechanisms are mounted on both sides of the clamping part, and a cutting tool table 4 is mounted on the output end of each two-axis translation mechanism. Specifically, the two-axis translation mechanism can be a combination of a lead screw and a slider mechanism, and the two-axis translation mechanisms on both sides of the clamping part can independently control the X and Y axis movement of the cutting tool table 4. Through synchronous or asynchronous operation, parallel or sequential processing of the two opposite frames of the photovoltaic panel 7 can be achieved.

[0052] In this embodiment, the two-axis translation mechanism consists of a combined longitudinal lead screw guide 6 and a transverse lead screw guide 5. The transverse lead screw guide 5 is fixed at the middle position on both sides of the frame 2. A nut slider 606 is slidably fitted on the transverse lead screw guide 5 to form a lead screw slider mechanism. Two cylindrical guide rails are equidistantly distributed on both sides of the transverse lead screw guide 5 and are parallel to the transverse lead screw guide 5. The bottom of the longitudinal lead screw guide 6 is provided with longitudinal lead screw guide 6 moving guide grooves on both sides corresponding to the cylindrical guide rails, and the bottom is connected to the nut slider 606 fitted on the transverse lead screw guide 5. The longitudinal lead screw guide 6 as a whole can move laterally under the drive of the nut slider 606 fitted on the transverse lead screw guide 5 and under the guidance of the cylindrical guide rails on both sides, thereby driving the cutting tool table 4 to move laterally. The cutting tool table 4 is connected to the nut slider 606 of the longitudinal lead screw guide 6, and the cutting tool table 4 can move longitudinally under the drive of the nut slider 606 of the longitudinal lead screw guide 6.

[0053] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, both the longitudinal lead screw guide 6 and the transverse lead screw guide 5 include a lead screw 604 that mates with a nut slider 606 and guide rails located on both sides of the lead screw 604. The two ends of the lead screw 604 are mounted via bearing supports 603 to maintain the position of the lead screw 604. The lead screw 604 is driven by a servo motor 601 connected to its end. Lead screw end caps 602 are fitted on the bearing supports 603 for the lead screw 604 to pass through. Sliding sliders 605 on both sides of the guide rails are slidably fitted, serving as output ends for connecting to the longitudinal lead screw guide 6 or the cutting tool table 4. A lead screw nut 609 that mates with the lead screw 604 is fixed on the nut slider 606.

[0054] The lower clamping plate 303 achieves horizontal rotation through a rotary element, allowing the photovoltaic panel 7 to be disassembled in multiple directions without repositioning. After processing one frame, a 90° rotation allows processing of adjacent frames, avoiding the need for multiple handling and re-clamping required by traditional equipment and reducing positioning errors.

[0055] When the vertical telescopic component 404 drives the first wedge-shaped cutter 408 to cut in, the force is transmitted to the cutter through the slider 406 and then acts on the interface between the frame and the adhesive layer. Due to the design of the cutter's cutting edge angle (usually 30°-45°), the cutting force is decomposed into a horizontal separation force and a vertical support force. The vertical component is canceled out by the second wedge-shaped cutter 409, while the horizontal component pushes the frame to separate from the main body. This force decomposition mechanism effectively reduces the total power required for disassembly.

[0056] Through a combined sawing and wedge-cutting action, the device can effectively handle aluminum alloy frames with complex structures such as reinforcing ribs and flanges. Because the integrity of the frame is preserved during disassembly, the recycled aluminum alloy material can enter the smelting process without additional shaping, saving post-processing costs. The combination of a two-axis translation mechanism and a rotary element provides the hardware foundation for subsequent integration of machine vision and AI algorithms. By identifying the degree of aging on the frame surface, the device automatically adjusts the sawing depth and wedge-cutting speed to achieve adaptive disassembly.

[0057] By combining sawing and upper and lower wedge cutters, controllable forces are applied to the frame in three dimensions, overcoming the limitations of traditional two-dimensional planar disassembly. This makes it particularly suitable for handling complex structures and aged materials. The independent cutting tool tables 4 on both sides of the clamping section, combined with the rotating element, enable the device to perform "one-time clamping, multi-faceted processing," achieving modularization and parallelization of the disassembly process. The pre-treatment of the protruding fins by the sawing mechanism and the progressive cutting of the wedge cutters allow the device to accommodate local defects in the frame material (such as oxide layers and microcracks), improving the system's robustness.

[0058] The pre-processing of the photovoltaic panel frame by the sawing mechanism solves two major problems when the wedge cutter operates directly. The logic is that by combining the strategy of pre-processing obstacles and reducing the difficulty of operation, it provides conditions for the precise separation of the wedge cutter in the future.

[0059] Because the untreated aluminum alloy frame has an intact overall structure and a tight bond with the adhesive layer of the photovoltaic panel 7, a wedge cutter would need to maintain a large opening to accommodate the frame and apply separation force if it were to cut directly into it. However, the larger the opening, the worse the stability of the cutter, and the frame is prone to deformation and loss of control due to uneven force. After the sawing mechanism partially cuts the frame with the sawing cutter 401, the structural integrity of the frame is broken and the bonding strength of the adhesive layer is weakened. At this time, the wedge cutter only needs a smaller opening to fit into the cut gap. At the same time, the notch created by the cutting provides an initial entry fulcrum for the wedge cutter, reducing the stroke that the cutter needs to "spread" the frame, indirectly reducing the requirement for the cutter opening, so that the first wedge cutter 408 and the second wedge cutter 409 can complete the separation action in a more compact manner.

[0060] From the perspective of avoiding interference from protruding fins, the protruding fins at the bottom of the frame are a major obstacle to the operation of traditional wedge cutters. The presence of protruding fins can prevent the frame from smoothly entering the cutter channel, and may even jam the cutter or cause wear on the cutter edge. The sawing cutter 401 of the sawing mechanism is precisely designed to correspond to the fin position, and can directly cut and remove the fins in the pre-processing stage, or cut notches at the connection between the fins and the frame body. Eliminating the influence of fins on subsequent processes, the wedge cutter channel is no longer blocked by fins, and the first wedge cutter 408 and the second wedge cutter 409 can move smoothly along the inner circle of the frame. The cutting edge can be precisely aligned with the adhesive layer interface between the frame and the photovoltaic panel 7 body, avoiding cutter deviation or operation interruption caused by fin interference.

[0061] Essentially, it breaks down the complex disassembly task into two steps: "obstacle removal" and "core separation." By addressing the structural defects and connection strength of the frame in a targeted manner, the working environment of the wedge cutter becomes more controllable, ultimately achieving efficient and stable frame removal.

[0062] Figure 3 and Figure 4 The clamping assembly 3 includes an upper clamping plate 302 and a lower clamping plate 303. The upper clamping plate 302 and the lower clamping plate 303 are respectively connected to clamping drive elements. The clamping drive assembly connected to the lower clamping plate 303 is mounted on the rotary element to drive the lower clamping plate 303, the clamping drive elements and the photovoltaic panel 7 it carries to rotate horizontally.

[0063] The upper clamping disc 302 and the lower clamping disc 303 are parallel, disc-shaped structures, and their surfaces are usually covered with flexible materials such as rubber or silicone to increase friction with the photovoltaic panel 7 and prevent scratches. The upper clamping disc 302 and the lower clamping disc 303 have a diameter smaller than the size of the photovoltaic panel 7, for example, in the edge area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 7.

[0064] The upper clamping plate 302 and the lower clamping plate 303 are each connected to an independent clamping drive element (such as an electric push rod, a hydraulic cylinder, or a servo motor 601), enabling relative vertical movement. In this embodiment, the clamping drive element is a hydraulic cylinder. The upper clamping plate 302 is connected to an upper hydraulic clamping cylinder, and the lower clamping plate 303 is connected to a lower hydraulic clamping cylinder 304. The rotating element is a hydraulic turntable 306, which is mounted on the frame 2 via a hydraulic turntable fixing platform 305. The lower hydraulic clamping cylinder 304 is mounted on the hydraulic turntable 306. The clamping force is controlled by the drive element to adapt to the clamping requirements of photovoltaic panels 7 of different thicknesses. A hydraulic power source 1, such as a hydraulic pump, is configured to provide hydraulic power to the clamping drive element and the rotating element.

[0065] The lower clamping plate 303 and its drive assembly are mounted on a rotary element (such as a rotary servo motor 601 or an indexing plate), enabling 360° horizontal rotation. The rotation accuracy is typically controlled within ±0.1°, ensuring that subsequent cutting components can accurately align with the frame of the photovoltaic panel 7.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, a method for operating a recycling device for aluminum frame components of photovoltaic panels is provided, utilizing the recycling device for aluminum frame components of photovoltaic panels as described in Example 1.

[0068] A method for operating a recycling and processing device for aluminum frame modules of photovoltaic panels includes:

[0069] The clamping component 3 is activated, and the clamping part is adjusted according to the specifications of the photovoltaic panel 7 to clamp the photovoltaic panel 7;

[0070] The adjustment mechanism will drive the cutting tool table 4 to move, adjusting the relative position between the cutting tool table 4 and the clamping part;

[0071] The sawing tool 401 of the sawing mechanism saws the protruding fins at the bottom of the frame of the photovoltaic panel 7.

[0072] When the shovel mechanism operates, the frame of the photovoltaic panel 7 passes through the channel between the first wedge cutter 408 and the second wedge cutter 409. The vertical telescopic component 404 drives the first wedge cutter 408 to perform vertical telescopic adjustment, so that the first wedge cutter 408 fits against the top surface of the main body of the photovoltaic panel 7, and the second wedge cutter 409 fits against the bottom surface of the main body of the photovoltaic panel 7. The cutting edges of both cutters are precisely shoveled from the inner circle of the frame of the photovoltaic panel 7 into the space between the frame of the photovoltaic panel 7 and the main body of the photovoltaic panel 7, thus separating the frame of the photovoltaic panel 7 from the main body.

[0073] The adjustment mechanism drives the cutting tool table 4 to move, so that the first wedge tool 408 and the second wedge tool 409 gradually move along the edge of the frame to peel the frame of the photovoltaic panel 7 from the main body of the photovoltaic panel 7.

[0074] In this process, after one side frame is peeled off from the main body of the photovoltaic panel 7, the posture of the photovoltaic panel 7 is adjusted, and the frames on the other sides of the photovoltaic panel 7 are peeled off.

[0075] The third wedge-shaped cutter 407 extends outward from the slider 406 towards the clamping part, with its cutting edge facing the junction box (usually located at the back edge of the photovoltaic panel 7). As the slider 406 moves with the vertical telescopic member 404, the extension length of the third wedge-shaped cutter 407 ensures that the cutting edge can reach the connection area between the junction box and the photovoltaic panel 7.

[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A recycling and processing device for aluminum frame components of photovoltaic panels, characterized in that, include: The clamping assembly, mounted on the frame, is equipped with a clamping part that allows for vertical size adjustment; The cutting assembly includes a cutting tool table and an adjustment mechanism. The cutting tool table is mounted on the frame via the adjustment mechanism to adjust the relative position of the cutting tool table and the clamping part. The cutting tool table includes a sawing mechanism and a shoveling mechanism with height differences. The sawing mechanism is equipped with sawing tools that are vertically positioned between the base of the cutting tool table and a second wedge-shaped tool. The sawing tools extend toward the clamping part and protrude beyond the base of the cutting tool table to contact the protruding fins at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel frame. The sawing tools of the sawing mechanism cut the protruding fins at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel frame. The shoveling mechanism includes a first wedge-shaped tool and a second wedge-shaped tool that are vertically spaced apart. The first wedge-shaped tool is connected to a vertical telescopic member. A channel for the photovoltaic panel frame to pass through is formed between the first wedge-shaped tool and the second wedge-shaped tool. The cutting edges of the first wedge-shaped tool and the second wedge-shaped tool shovel from the inner circle of the photovoltaic panel frame into the space between the photovoltaic panel frame and the photovoltaic panel body. The output end of the vertical telescopic member is connected to a slider. The first wedge cutter is installed on the slider. The first wedge cutter and the second wedge cutter are located between the vertical telescopic member and the clamping part. The cutting edges of the first wedge cutter and the second wedge cutter both face the vertical telescopic member, and the side away from the cutting edge faces the clamping part.

2. The recycling and processing device for photovoltaic panel aluminum frame components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first wedge-shaped cutter is located at the bottom of the slider, and a third wedge-shaped cutter is connected to the top of the slider, extending toward the clamping part and protruding out of the slider. The cutting edge of the third wedge-shaped cutter faces the clamping part.

3. The recycling and processing device for photovoltaic panel aluminum frame components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sawing mechanism also includes a sawing drive element, the output end of which is connected to the sawing tool. The sawing drive element and the vertical telescopic component are spaced apart on the base of the cutting tool table.

4. The recycling and processing device for photovoltaic panel aluminum frame components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes a two-axis translation mechanism, which is mounted on the frame, and the cutting tool table is mounted on the output end of the two-axis translation mechanism.

5. The recycling and processing device for photovoltaic panel aluminum frame components as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The clamping part is mounted on two sides of a two-axis translation mechanism, and a cutting tool table is mounted on the output end of each two-axis translation mechanism.

6. The recycling and processing device for photovoltaic panel aluminum frame components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate. The upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are respectively connected to clamping drive elements. The clamping drive assembly connected to the lower clamping plate is mounted on a rotary element to drive the lower clamping plate, the clamping drive elements and the photovoltaic panel it carries to rotate horizontally.

7. A method for operating a recycling and processing device for photovoltaic panel aluminum frame modules, comprising the recycling and processing device for photovoltaic panel aluminum frame modules as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: The clamping assembly is activated, and the clamping part is adjusted according to the specifications of the photovoltaic panel to clamp the photovoltaic panel; The adjustment mechanism moves the cutting tool table, adjusting the relative position between the cutting tool table and the clamping part; When the shovel mechanism operates, the photovoltaic panel frame passes through the channel between the first and second wedge cutters. The vertical telescopic component drives the first wedge cutter to perform vertical telescopic adjustment, so that the first wedge cutter fits against the top surface of the photovoltaic panel body and the second wedge cutter fits against the bottom surface of the photovoltaic panel body. The cutting edges of both cutters are precisely inserted from the inner circle of the photovoltaic panel frame into the space between the photovoltaic panel frame and the photovoltaic panel body, thus separating the photovoltaic panel frame from the body. The adjustment mechanism drives the cutting tool table to move, so that the first wedge tool and the second wedge tool gradually move along the edge of the frame to peel the photovoltaic panel frame from the photovoltaic panel body.

8. The operating method of the recycling and processing device for photovoltaic panel aluminum frame components as described in claim 7, characterized in that, After peeling one side frame from the main body of the photovoltaic panel, adjust the posture of the photovoltaic panel and peel off the frames on the other sides of the photovoltaic panel.

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