Fluid material for polishing metal parts and method for preparing same

Abstract

The application relates to the field of polishing processing materials for metal pieces, and particularly discloses a fluid material for polishing metal pieces and a preparation method thereof. The fluid material for polishing metal pieces is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, 42-50 parts of abrasive, 18-28 parts of ethanol, 5-8 parts of a lubricating stabilizer, and 2-4 parts of a methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: the lubricating stabilizer and the methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer are added into the ethanol and stirred and dispersed, the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and the abrasive are added and heated and kneaded and dispersed, and vacuum defoaming is performed. The fluid material prepared by the application is applied to polishing of metal pieces, has good temperature resistance and viscosity stability during the polishing process, the polished metal piece surface has good uniformity, the problem that the fluid material is prone to local non-uniformity or scratches during the polishing process is solved, and the polishing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of materials for grinding and polishing metal parts, and more specifically, it relates to a fluid material for grinding metal parts and a method for preparing the same. Background Technology

[0002] During the processing of metal parts, grinding is required to remove roughness and burrs from the surface of the metal parts, making the surface of the metal parts smoother and brighter.

[0003] During the grinding process of metal parts, grinding compounds are needed for auxiliary grinding. Grinding compounds can effectively dissipate heat and improve the uniformity of grinding. Commonly used grinding compounds are generally fluid materials, mainly composed of abrasives, lubricants, and brighteners, and have a certain viscosity and fluidity. During grinding, if... Figure 1 As shown, a fluid material is applied to the bottom of the grinding equipment, and the metal part is horizontally fixed in the cavity of the grinding fixture at the top. The grinding fixture is driven to move downwards, contact the fluid material at the bottom, and seal the fluid material in the cavity of the grinding fixture. The grinding fixture is then driven to perform thorough grinding on the metal part with the assistance of the fluid material.

[0004] However, during continuous grinding, the metal parts and grinding fixtures are prone to generating heat, which can cause the fluid material to become unevenly dispersed due to heat. Local scratches or unevenness may appear on the surface of the metal parts. Furthermore, as the viscosity of the fluid material decreases, it is easy for it to flow out from the gaps in the grinding fixture, reducing grinding efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problem that existing fluid materials used for metal grinding tend to disperse unevenly when heated, thus reducing the local uniformity of metal grinding, this application provides a fluid material for metal grinding and its preparation method.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a fluid material for grinding metal parts, employing the following technical solution:

[0007] A fluid material for polishing metal parts is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0008] 20-30 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane

[0009] 42-50 parts abrasive

[0010] 18-28 parts of ethanol

[0011] 5-8 parts of lubricant stabilizer 2-4 parts of methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the fluid material of this application uses ethanol as a dispersion system to disperse hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, abrasive, lubricant stabilizer, and methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer. The hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane has good viscosity stability and fluidity, which can improve the stability and lubricity of the fluid material. It can form a stable molecular chain intertwined system with the lubricant stabilizer and methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer, so that the abrasive is fully and uniformly dispersed to form a viscosity-stable fluid system. This allows the fluid material to better play the role of heat dissipation and improve the uniformity of grinding during the grinding of metal parts. It has good temperature resistance and viscosity stability, avoids the problem of uneven dispersion of fluid material caused by heat generation of metal parts and grinding fixtures, reduces local scratches and unevenness on the surface of metal parts, and prevents fluid material from flowing out of the gaps in the grinding fixture, thereby improving grinding efficiency.

[0013] Preferably, the abrasive is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0014] 55-65 parts of silicon carbide

[0015] 6-10 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate

[0016] 12-18 parts water

[0017] Catalyst 0.2-0.4 parts.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, under the action of a catalyst, tetraethyl orthosilicate undergoes hydrolysis and condensation in water to form a silica gel with a network structure. Silicon carbide is uniformly dispersed in the network structure of the silica gel. The resulting abrasive can be fully dispersed with hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, lubricating stabilizer and methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer, which can further improve the viscosity stability of the fluid material.

[0019] Preferably, the abrasive is prepared by the following steps:

[0020] Tetraethyl orthosilicate and a catalyst were added to water, heated to react, and then silicon carbide was added to knead and disperse the mixture to obtain the abrasive.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, tetraethyl orthosilicate is first reacted in water under the action of a catalyst, and then silicon carbide is added for kneading, which can improve the uniformity of the abrasive system.

[0022] Preferably, the reaction temperature is 55-65℃ and the reaction time is 2-3h.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the optimal reaction temperature and time can enable tetraethyl orthosilicate to be fully hydrolyzed and condensed in water, reducing the possibility of incomplete or excessive reaction that could lead to instability in the silica gel structure.

[0024] Preferably, the silicon carbide has a particle size of 1500-2000 mesh.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, silicon carbide with a better particle size can improve the grinding precision and smoothness, avoid local scratches or unevenness on the surface of metal parts due to excessively fine or coarse particle size, and improve the grinding quality.

[0026] Preferably, the catalyst is acetic acid and / or glycolic acid.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution and selecting acetic acid and / or glycolic acid as catalysts, good catalytic efficiency is achieved, enabling tetraethyl orthosilicate to undergo hydrolysis and condensation to a greater extent.

[0028] Preferably, the lubricating stabilizer is composed of pentaerythritol stearate and tetrameric castor oil ester in a weight ratio of 1:(3-4).

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, pentaerythritol stearate and tetrameric castor oil ester in a better weight ratio can be used as lubricating stabilizers, which have good lubricity and dispersion stability, and can further improve the viscosity stability of fluid materials during the grinding process.

[0030] Preferably, the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane has a molecular weight of 1000-2000 and a viscosity of 1000-1500 cs.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane with optimal molecular weight and viscosity has better flowability and viscosity. If the viscosity is too high, it is easy to agglomerate and the flowability and dispersion are poor. If the viscosity is too low, the cohesion is poor and the flow is too large.

[0032] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing a fluid material for grinding metal parts, using the following technical solution:

[0033] A method for preparing a fluid material for grinding metal parts includes the following steps:

[0034] A lubricating stabilizer and a methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer were added to ethanol and stirred to disperse. Then, hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and abrasive were added, heated, kneaded, and dispersed. After dispersion, vacuum degassing was performed to obtain a fluid material for grinding metal parts.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, the lubricating stabilizer and methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer are first dispersed in ethanol, and then kneaded with hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and abrasive, followed by vacuum degassing. This helps to fully mix the components, reduce the generation of bubbles, and ensure the uniformity of fluid material properties.

[0036] Preferably, the kneading and dispersion time is 1-3 hours and the temperature is 45-55℃.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solutions, the optimal kneading temperature and time can improve the dispersion uniformity of the system.

[0038] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0039] 1. The fluid material for metal grinding in this application is made from hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, abrasive, ethanol, lubricating stabilizer, and methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer. It can be used for metal grinding. The fluid material plays a role in heat dissipation and improving grinding uniformity during the metal grinding process. It has good temperature resistance and viscosity stability, avoids the problem of uneven dispersion of fluid material caused by heat generation of metal parts and grinding fixtures, reduces local scratches and unevenness on the surface of metal parts, and prevents fluid material from flowing out of the gaps in the grinding fixture, thereby improving grinding efficiency.

[0040] 2. The abrasive is made from silicon carbide, tetraethyl orthosilicate, water, and catalyst. The abrasive can be fully dispersed with hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, lubricating stabilizer, and methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer, which can further improve the viscosity stability of the fluid material.

[0041] 3. Using pentaerythritol stearate and tetrameric castor oil ester as lubricating stabilizers provides good lubricity and dispersion stability, which can further improve the viscosity stability of fluid materials during the grinding process. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the fluid material during grinding in the background art of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0044] The following are some of the sources and specifications of the raw materials used in this application. The raw materials used in the preparation examples and embodiments of this application can all be obtained commercially, including but not limited to the following models and manufacturers of raw materials. Raw materials with equivalent performance can also be used:

[0045] 1. Hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane: The molecular weight of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane is 1000-2000, and the viscosity is 1000-1500 cs;

[0046] 2. Silicon carbide: The particle size of silicon carbide is 1500-2000 mesh;

[0047] 3. Methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer: Xingyan, CAS No. 9011-16-9;

[0048] 4. Ethyl orthosilicate: TEOS, electronic grade, Merck, Germany;

[0049] 5. Pentaerythritol stearate: PETS, CAS No. 115-83-3;

[0050] 6. Tetrameric ricinoleate: 99% purity, Mingxin Chemical.

[0051] Abrasive preparation example

[0052] Preparation Example 1

[0053] Preparation Example 1 discloses an abrasive prepared by the following steps: 0.6 kg of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 0.02 kg of acetic acid are added as catalysts to 1.2 kg of water, the temperature is raised to 55°C and reacted for 3 h, and 5.5 kg of 2000 mesh silicon carbide is added and kneaded and dispersed at a kneading temperature of 60-70°C to obtain the abrasive.

[0054] Preparation Examples 2-3

[0055] The difference between Preparation Example 2-3 and Preparation Example 1 lies in the amount of raw materials used and the preparation conditions, as detailed in Table 1 below.

[0056] Table 1. Parameters for Preparation Examples 1-3

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] Example

[0060] Example 1

[0061] Example 1 discloses a fluid material for polishing metal parts, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0062] 0.5 kg of lubricating stabilizer (composed of pentaerythritol stearate and zinc stearate in a weight ratio of 1:3) and 0.2 kg of methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer were added to 1.8 kg of ethanol and stirred and dispersed at 45 °C for 60 min. Then, 3 kg of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and 4.2 kg of commercially available 2000-mesh silicon carbide were added as abrasives and kneaded and dispersed at 55 °C for 1 h. After dispersion, vacuum degassing was performed to obtain a fluid material for grinding metal parts. The ethanol was anhydrous ethanol with a purity of 99%.

[0063] Example 2-3

[0064] The difference between Examples 2-3 and Example 1 lies in the source and amount of raw materials, as detailed in Table 2 below.

[0065] Table 2 Parameter table for Examples 1-3

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Examples 4-6

[0069] The difference between Examples 4-6 and Example 1 is that the source of the abrasive is different, as detailed in Table 3 below.

[0070] Table 3. Abrasive Sources for Examples 4-6

[0071] Example Abrasive source Example 4 Preparation Example 1 Example 5 Preparation Example 2 Example 6 Preparation Example 3

[0072] Example 7

[0073] The difference between Example 7 and Example 4 is that the lubricant stabilizer is composed of pentaerythritol stearate and tetrameric castor oil ester in a weight ratio of 1:3, while the rest is the same as in Example 4.

[0074] Example 8

[0075] The difference between Example 8 and Example 4 is that the lubricant stabilizer is composed of pentaerythritol stearate and tetrameric castor oil ester in a weight ratio of 1:4, while the rest is the same as in Example 4.

[0076] Comparative Example

[0077] Comparative Example 1

[0078] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer was replaced with an equal amount of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, while the rest was the same as in Example 1.

[0079] Comparative Example 2

[0080] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the lubricating stabilizer was replaced with an equal amount of methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer, while the rest was the same as in Example 1.

[0081] Performance testing

[0082] The following tests were conducted on the performance of the fluid materials for polishing metal parts prepared in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-2:

[0083] 1. Viscosity stability test:

[0084] Test the viscosity change rate of the fluid material at 25℃ and 45℃. Viscosity change rate (%) = (viscosity at 25℃ - viscosity at 45℃) / viscosity at 25℃ * 100%. Record the test results.

[0085] 2. Polishing test:

[0086] A fluid material was used to grind carbon steel metal parts (carbon steel cutting tools). 15g of fluid material was used, and the grinding rate was controlled at 25 times / min for 3 minutes. The surface flatness of the carbon steel metal parts was tested using a profilometer. The test method is as follows: Five points were selected at the top, bottom, left, right and middle positions of the carbon steel cutting tool, and the roughness (Ra) of the five points was tested. The average roughness difference of the five points (unit: nm) was calculated as: average roughness difference = |roughness of each point - average roughness of 5 points| sum / 5. The test results were recorded.

[0087] The following are the performance test data of the fluid materials in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-2, as detailed in Table 4 below.

[0088] Table 4 Performance data of Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-2

[0089]

[0090] Based on Examples 1-3 and Examples 4-6, and in conjunction with Table 4, it can be concluded that the fluid material prepared using the abrasive of this application exhibits good viscosity stability and grinding smoothness. Compared to Example 1, Examples 4-6 show a significantly lower viscosity change rate and a significantly lower average roughness difference, indicating that the abrasive prepared by reacting tetraethyl orthosilicate, a catalyst, and water, and kneading with silicon carbide, exhibits good dispersion uniformity and stability in the system.

[0091] Combining Examples 4 and 7-8 with Table 4, it can be concluded that using a lubricant stabilizer with a better weight ratio can improve the smoothness of the fluid material and improve viscosity stability. Compared with Example 4, Examples 7-8 show a lower viscosity change rate and a significantly reduced average roughness difference, possibly because the lubricant stabilizer with a better weight ratio improves the lubrication stability of the fluid material and mitigates the problem of localized unevenness in the fluid material under high-temperature conditions.

[0092] Based on Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2, and referring to Table 4, it can be concluded that the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, lubricant stabilizer, and methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer of this application exhibit a good synergistic effect, resulting in a fluid material with good viscosity stability and grinding uniformity. In Comparative Example 1, replacing an equal amount of the methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer with hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane increased the viscosity change rate and average roughness difference of the fluid material. In Comparative Example 2, replacing an equal amount of the lubricant stabilizer with the methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer slightly increased the viscosity change rate and average roughness difference of the fluid material. This may be because the synergistic effect of the three components was reduced in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, leading to a decrease in the performance of the fluid material.

[0093] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A fluid material for grinding metal parts, characterized in that, It is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane 42-50 parts abrasive 18-28 parts of ethanol 5-8 parts of lubricant stabilizer 2-4 parts of methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer; The hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane has a molecular weight of 1000-2000 and a viscosity of 1000-1500 cs; the lubricating stabilizer is composed of pentaerythritol stearate and tetrameric castor oil ester in a weight ratio of 1:(3-4).

2. The fluid material for grinding metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abrasive is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of silicon carbide 6-10 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate 12-18 parts water Catalyst 0.2-0.4 parts.

3. The fluid material for grinding metal parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The abrasive is prepared by the following steps: Tetraethyl orthosilicate and a catalyst were added to water, heated to react, and then silicon carbide was added to knead and disperse the mixture to obtain the abrasive.

4. The fluid material for grinding metal parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reaction temperature is 55-65℃, and the reaction time is 2-3 hours.

5. The fluid material for grinding metal parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The silicon carbide has a particle size of 1500-2000 mesh.

6. The fluid material for grinding metal parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The catalyst is acetic acid and / or glycolic acid.

7. A method for preparing a fluid material for grinding metal parts as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: A lubricating stabilizer and a methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer were added to ethanol and stirred to disperse. Then, hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and abrasive were added, heated, kneaded, and dispersed. After dispersion, vacuum degassing was performed to obtain a fluid material for grinding metal parts.

8. The method for preparing a fluid material for grinding metal parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The kneading and dispersion time is 1-3 hours, and the temperature is 45-55℃.

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