Existing building zero-carbon reconstruction design method

Abstract

The invention discloses a zero-carbon transformation design method for an existing building. The method comprises the following steps that a lighting system, an air conditioning system, a fresh air system, an enclosure system, a domestic hot water supply system and a renewable energy system of the existing building are sequentially subjected to zero-carbon-emission design and transformation. By comprehensively optimizing and upgrading the lighting system, the air conditioning system, the fresh air system, the enclosure structure, the domestic hot water supply system, the renewable energy system and the intelligent building system, zero-carbon-emission transformation of the existing building is achieved, and the system and the method can be widely applied to the field of building transformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building renovation, and in particular to a design method for zero-carbon renovation of existing buildings. Background Art

[0002] According to statistics, in 2022, total carbon emissions from the construction and building industry nationwide reached 5.13 billion tCO2, accounting for 48.3% of national energy-related carbon emissions. With the advancement of urbanization, urban renewal has gradually become a major focus of the future construction industry. However, many existing buildings suffer from high energy consumption and high carbon emissions, posing a serious threat to the environment and sustainable development. Therefore, zero-carbon retrofitting of existing buildings is crucial for achieving the "dual carbon" goals of the construction industry. Currently, zero-carbon retrofitting technologies for existing buildings still face numerous shortcomings. For example, lighting systems generally consume high energy, air conditioning systems are inefficient, fresh air systems lack effective heat recovery, building envelopes have insufficient insulation, domestic hot water systems rely on traditional energy sources, renewable energy utilization is insufficient, and there is a lack of effective monitoring and management systems, making it difficult to optimize energy consumption and carbon emissions in real time. These issues severely hinder the advancement of zero-carbon retrofitting of existing buildings. Therefore, developing a cost-effective and efficient design method for zero-carbon retrofitting of existing buildings is crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a design method for zero-carbon transformation of existing buildings, so that it can achieve zero-carbon emission transformation of existing buildings through comprehensive optimization and upgrading of lighting systems, air-conditioning systems, fresh air systems, enclosure structures, domestic hot water supply systems, renewable energy systems and smart building systems.

[0004] The present invention provides a zero-carbon renovation design method for existing buildings, comprising the following steps: sequentially designing and renovating the lighting system, air-conditioning system, fresh air system, enclosure system, domestic hot water supply system, and renewable energy system of the existing building to achieve zero-carbon emissions.

[0005] The specific technical measures are as follows: Lighting system: Replace energy-saving lamps and add light pipes to utilize natural light to reduce lighting power density. The design of light pipes should take into account the building's internal lighting needs and natural light distribution to achieve uniform light distribution and reduce lighting energy consumption.

[0006] Air conditioning system: Replace the air conditioning unit with a high-efficiency, energy-saving unit with an APF (Annual Performance Factor) of at least 5.16. Air conditioning system replacement should be based on building energy consumption analysis and environmental parameters to optimize the configuration for high energy efficiency, reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions.

[0007] Fresh air system: Replace the system with a high-efficiency fresh air heat recovery unit with a Ws (power consumption per unit air volume) of at least 0.18 and a heat recovery efficiency of at least 75%. This system recovers heat from the exhaust air, reducing energy consumption for heating or cooling the fresh air and improving energy efficiency. The heat recovery unit also requires regular maintenance to ensure stable heat recovery efficiency.

[0008] Building envelope: Replace energy-efficient exterior windows and curtain walls, add exterior wall insulation, and thicken the roof insulation. Building envelope renovations must consider the environmental friendliness and durability of the materials, while also meeting the building's insulation requirements and reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions.

[0009] Domestic hot water supply system: A solar water heating system is combined with an air-source heat pump for auxiliary heating. The solar water heating system uses solar energy to generate hot water, reducing the consumption of traditional energy sources. The air-source heat pump is configured based on hot water demand to improve energy efficiency.

[0010] Renewable energy systems: Add rooftop solar photovoltaic or solar thermal systems, combined with photovoltaic glazing on the building facade. The addition of renewable energy systems should consider factors such as the building's roof area, load-bearing capacity, curtain wall, and orientation to maximize energy output and achieve zero carbon emissions.

[0011] Smart building system: The integrated energy management system realizes real-time monitoring and optimized control of building energy consumption, and combines with the intelligent environmental monitoring system to realize real-time monitoring and intelligent adjustment of indoor environmental quality. At the same time, it uses user behavior guidance strategies to improve users' energy-saving awareness and promote the rational use of energy.

[0012] After the above-mentioned transformation, the net carbon emissions of existing buildings can be calculated. If zero carbon is still not achieved, further measures such as chemical energy storage, plant ecological carbon sequestration, and purchasing carbon emission trading can be adopted.

[0013] The zero-carbon renovation design method for existing buildings of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The proposed zero-carbon retrofit design method for existing buildings achieves green transformation and sustainable development through comprehensive optimization and upgrades of lighting, air conditioning, fresh air, building envelopes, renewable energy, and smart building systems. This method boasts significant technical effectiveness and practical value, and is of great significance in promoting the development of green buildings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the zero-carbon renovation design method for existing buildings according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the examples should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0016] Example 1 See also Figure 1 The zero-carbon retrofit design method for existing buildings of the present invention comprises the following steps: sequentially designing and retrofitting the lighting system, air conditioning system, fresh air system, enclosure system, domestic hot water supply system, and renewable energy system of the existing building to achieve zero-carbon emissions. The specific process is as follows: S1. Lighting System Renovation: In an existing office building, the original fluorescent lamps were replaced with energy-saving LED lamps, and an intelligent lighting control system was integrated to achieve on-demand lighting. Furthermore, the building renovation design fully considered the use of natural light, introducing natural light through design measures such as skylights and high windows to reduce lighting energy consumption.

[0017] S2. Air Conditioning System Retrofit: In an existing commercial building, high-efficiency, energy-saving air conditioning units were installed to replace outdated units. A heat recovery system was also integrated to recycle waste heat for hot water supply. Furthermore, an intelligent temperature control strategy was implemented to automatically adjust cooling and heating supply based on indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity changes, reducing air conditioning energy consumption.

[0018] S3. Fresh Air System Retrofit: In an existing residential building, high-efficiency fresh air processing equipment was used to improve fresh air efficiency. Heat and moisture recovery technology was also incorporated to recover energy from exhaust air for preheating / precooling fresh air. Furthermore, an intelligent air volume control strategy was employed to automatically adjust the air supply volume based on parameters such as indoor occupancy density, temperature, and humidity, reducing fresh air energy consumption.

[0019] S4. Building Enclosure Renovation: In an existing public building, the existing building enclosure was renovated to improve thermal insulation and incorporate high-performance windows and doors to reduce energy loss. Furthermore, the building's shading strategy was optimized, with movable shading elements installed on the south-facing exterior walls to reduce the impact of solar radiation on indoor temperatures.

[0020] S5. Domestic hot water supply system renovation: A solar water heating system is used in conjunction with an air-source heat pump for auxiliary heating. The solar water heating system uses solar energy to generate hot water, reducing the consumption of traditional energy sources. The air-source heat pump for auxiliary heating is configured based on hot water demand, improving energy efficiency.

[0021] S6. Renewable energy system transformation: In an existing office building, single-crystal silicon photovoltaic panels are added to the roof and cadmium telluride photovoltaic glass is added to the south facade of the building to maximize the photovoltaic conversion rate, and the generated electricity is used for building electricity.

[0022] Example 2 This embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that: S7. Smart Building System Transformation: In an existing office complex, an integrated energy management system enables real-time monitoring and optimized control of building energy consumption. Simultaneously, an intelligent environmental monitoring system monitors indoor environmental quality in real time and automatically adjusts parameters such as temperature, humidity, and lighting based on the monitoring results. Furthermore, user behavior guidance strategies are being implemented through publicity and education, energy-saving competitions, and other initiatives to raise user awareness of energy conservation and promote the rational use of energy.

[0023] S8. After the above transformation, calculate the net carbon emissions of existing buildings. If zero carbon is still not possible, further measures such as chemical energy storage, plant ecological carbon sequestration, and purchasing carbon emission trading can be adopted.

[0024] In summary, the zero-carbon retrofit design method for existing buildings provided by this invention achieves green transformation and sustainable development by comprehensively optimizing and upgrading the lighting, air conditioning, fresh air, building envelope, renewable energy, and smart building systems. This method has significant technical effectiveness and practical value, and is of great significance for promoting the development of green buildings.

[0025] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

[0026] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A design method for zero-carbon renovation of existing buildings, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: sequentially designing and renovating the lighting system, air conditioning system, fresh air system, enclosure system, domestic hot water supply system and renewable energy system of the existing building to achieve zero carbon emission.

2. The zero-carbon renovation design method for existing buildings according to claim 1 is characterized by: The steps of designing and renovating the lighting system include adopting energy-saving lamps, setting up light pipes and intelligent lighting control systems, wherein the design of the light pipes takes into account the lighting requirements and natural light distribution inside the building.

3. The zero-carbon renovation design method for existing buildings according to claim 2 is characterized by: The design and modification steps of the air-conditioning system include the use of high-efficiency energy-saving air-conditioning equipment with an APF index of no less than 5.16, a heat recovery system and an intelligent temperature control strategy.

4. The zero-carbon retrofit design method for existing buildings according to claim 3 is characterized by: The design and modification steps of the fresh air system include the use of high-efficiency fresh air treatment equipment with Ws‌ not less than 0.18 and heat recovery efficiency not less than 75%, heat and moisture recovery equipment and intelligent air volume control strategy.

5. The zero-carbon renovation design method for existing buildings according to claim 4 is characterized by: The design and renovation steps of the enclosure system include adding an exterior wall insulation layer, thickening the roof insulation layer, replacing the exterior wall with an energy-saving exterior window curtain wall, using high-performance doors and windows that reduce energy loss, and installing movable shading components on the south-facing exterior wall of the building.

6. The zero-carbon retrofit design method for existing buildings according to claim 5 is characterized by: The design and modification steps of the domestic hot water supply system include adopting a solar water heating system and an air source heat pump auxiliary heating system.

7. The zero-carbon renovation design method for existing buildings according to claim 6 is characterized by: The design and transformation steps of the renewable energy system include installing a solar photovoltaic or solar thermal system on the roof, installing photovoltaic glass on the building facade in combination with the curtain wall, and adding an intelligent energy control system.

8. The zero-carbon renovation design method for existing buildings according to claim 7 is characterized by: It also includes steps to set up smart building systems to achieve intelligent building management and efficient energy utilization.

9. The zero-carbon retrofit design method for existing buildings according to claim 8 is characterized by: The smart building system includes an integrated energy management system and an intelligent environmental monitoring system. The integrated energy management system realizes real-time monitoring and optimized control of building energy consumption, and the intelligent environmental monitoring system realizes real-time monitoring and intelligent adjustment of indoor environmental quality.

10. The zero-carbon renovation design method for existing buildings according to claim 9 is characterized by: It also includes a zero-carbon standard accounting step. If the zero-carbon accounting standard is met, the transformation work will be terminated; if the zero-carbon accounting standard is not met, chemical energy storage or plant ecological carbon sequestration measures will be adopted.

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