Compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array

Abstract

The invention discloses a compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array, which belongs to the technical field of wireless communication and comprises a first metal patch, a first dielectric substrate, a second metal patch, a second dielectric substrate, a third metal patch, a third dielectric substrate and a fourth metal patch which are stacked from top to bottom. The compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array provided by the invention has a wide frequency band and an axial ratio bandwidth, and is high in gain in a working frequency band, stable in radiation pattern, low in cross polarization level, simple in structure and easy to process and implement. The problems that a wireless communication antenna is narrow in bandwidth, insufficient in gain and unstable in radiation characteristic are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communications, and in particular relates to a compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array. Background Art

[0002] Modern wireless communication systems place increasingly stringent demands on antenna performance, requiring a balance of wide bandwidth, high gain, and circular polarization. Traditional single antenna units, limited by the size of the radiation aperture, lack the directivity and gain required for medium- and long-range communications. Furthermore, the narrow bandwidth can easily lead to reduced signal transmission efficiency. Furthermore, due to the limitations of their physical size and radiation characteristics, single antenna units exhibit a wide mainlobe beamwidth and low gain, making it difficult to meet the high directivity, strong anti-interference capabilities, and high signal quality requirements for medium- and long-range communications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a compact, broadband, high-gain, circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array, which solves the problems of narrow bandwidth, insufficient gain, and unstable radiation characteristics of wireless communication antennas.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: The present invention provides a compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array, comprising a first metal patch, a first dielectric substrate, a second metal patch, a second dielectric substrate, a third metal patch, a third dielectric substrate, and a fourth metal patch stacked from top to bottom; The first metal patch is composed of four groups of antenna metal sheets with identical structures, namely, a first group of antenna metal sheets located at the upper left of the first metal patch, a second group of antenna metal sheets located at the upper right, a third group of antenna metal sheets located at the lower left, and a fourth group of antenna metal sheets located at the lower right. Each group of antenna metal sheets is composed of a square basic antenna unit metal sheet and a second antenna unit metal sheet, a third antenna unit metal sheet, and a fourth antenna unit metal sheet corresponding to the square basic antenna unit metal sheet rotated 90° counterclockwise three times. The first metal patch is provided with a plurality of first metal through holes. The first dielectric substrate is penetrated by a first metal through-hole provided on the first metal patch to connect the first metal patch to the second metal patch; The second metal patch is etched with first circular gaps at positions corresponding to the metal through holes on the first metal patch, and a first bone-shaped gap is etched between the first circular gaps; The second dielectric substrate is provided with a plurality of continuous second metal through holes at an edge position relative to the first metal patch, and two elliptical metal through holes are provided within a corresponding range of each group of antenna metal patches to connect the second metal patch and the third metal patch; The third metal patch is etched with a second circular gap corresponding to a position where the second metal through hole is penetrated on the second dielectric substrate, and an elliptical gap is etched at a position where the elliptical metal through hole is penetrated on the second dielectric substrate, and a second bone-shaped metal gap is etched between the elliptical gaps; The third dielectric substrate is used to connect the third metal patch and the fourth metal patch; The fourth metal patch is a microstrip 1-to-4 power divider.

[0005] Furthermore, two orthogonal and 45° rotated rectangular slits are etched in the center of the basic antenna unit metal sheet, and the etching paths of the two rectangular slits pass through the midpoints of each side of the basic antenna unit metal sheet, dividing the basic antenna unit metal sheet into four sub-metal sheets; an L-shaped slit is etched at the outer corners of the sub-metal sheets on the upper and lower sides of the basic antenna unit metal sheet; a Z-shaped metal sheet is arranged on the outer side of each sub-metal sheet on the left and right sides of the basic antenna unit metal sheet; and a first metal through-hole is respectively provided at the inner corner of the four sub-metal sheets along the rectangular slit etching path.

[0006] Furthermore, the Z-shaped metal sheet on the right side of the basic antenna unit metal sheet is tangent to the sub-metal sheet on the left side of the second antenna unit metal sheet in the vertical direction; the Z-shaped metal sheet on the lower side of the second antenna unit metal sheet is tangent to the sub-metal sheet on the upper side of the fourth antenna unit metal sheet in the horizontal direction; the Z-shaped metal sheet on the left side of the fourth antenna unit metal sheet is tangent to the sub-metal sheet on the right side of the third antenna unit metal sheet in the vertical direction; and the Z-shaped metal sheet on the upper side of the third antenna unit metal sheet is tangent to the sub-metal sheet on the lower side of the basic antenna unit metal sheet in the horizontal direction.

[0007] Furthermore, the second dielectric substrate is provided with a first elliptical metal through hole at an angle relative to the metal sheet of the base antenna unit and the second antenna unit metal sheet, and is correspondingly provided with a second elliptical metal through hole at an angle relative to the metal sheet of the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit metal sheet.

[0008] Furthermore, the third metal patch is etched with an upper elliptical gap at a position relative to the first elliptical metal through hole, and is etched with a lower elliptical gap at a position relative to the second elliptical metal through hole; the second bone-shaped metal gap is etched at the center position between the upper elliptical gap and the lower elliptical gap.

[0009] Furthermore, the microstrip 1-to-4 power divider is composed of a first microstrip line metal sheet, a second microstrip line metal sheet, a third microstrip line metal sheet, a fourth microstrip line metal sheet, a fifth microstrip line metal sheet, a sixth microstrip line metal sheet, a seventh microstrip line metal sheet, an eighth microstrip line metal sheet and a ninth microstrip line metal sheet; The vertical symmetry axis of the first microstrip line metal sheet is the vertical symmetry axis of the microstrip 1-to-4 power divider, the second microstrip line metal sheet and the third microstrip line metal sheet are left-right symmetrical about the symmetry axis, the fourth microstrip line metal sheet and the fifth microstrip line metal sheet are left-right symmetrical about the symmetry axis, the sixth microstrip line metal sheet and the eighth microstrip line metal sheet are left-right symmetrical about the symmetry axis, and the seventh microstrip line metal sheet and the ninth microstrip line metal sheet are left-right symmetrical about the symmetry axis; The first triangular corner is etched away at the upper right corner of the third microstrip line metal sheet; the second triangular corner is etched away at the upper left corner of the second microstrip line metal sheet; the third triangular corner is etched away at the upper right corner of the sixth microstrip line metal sheet, the fourth triangular corner is etched away at the lower right corner, and the fifth triangular corner is etched away at the lower left corner; the sixth triangular corner is etched away at the lower right corner of the seventh microstrip line metal sheet, the seventh triangular corner is etched away at the right corner, and the eighth triangular corner is etched away at the left corner; the ninth triangular corner is etched away at the upper left corner of the eighth microstrip line metal sheet, the tenth triangular corner is etched away at the lower left corner, and the eleventh triangular corner is etched away at the lower right corner; the twelfth triangular corner is etched away at the lower left corner of the ninth microstrip line metal sheet, the thirteenth triangular corner is etched away at the left corner, and the fourteenth triangular corner is etched away at the right corner.

[0010] Furthermore, the feed line is the fourth metal patch. After the energy is input from the first microstrip line metal patch, it is transmitted through the second microstrip line metal patch and the third microstrip line metal patch to the fifth microstrip line metal patch, the eighth microstrip line metal patch and the ninth microstrip line metal patch on the left, and the fourth microstrip line metal patch, the sixth microstrip line metal patch and the seventh microstrip line metal patch on the right, respectively. After passing through the third dielectric substrate, it passes through the second circular gap, the upper elliptical gap, the second bone-shaped metal gap and the lower elliptical gap on the third metal patch and then passes through the second dielectric substrate to be transmitted to the second metal patch. Then, it passes through the first circular gap and the first bone-shaped gap on the second metal patch and passes through the first dielectric substrate to be transmitted to the first group of antenna metal patches, the second group of antenna metal patches, the third group of antenna metal patches and the fourth group of antenna metal patches on the first metal patch to radiate outward.

[0011] Furthermore, the thickness of the first dielectric substrate is 0.787 mm, the thickness of the second dielectric substrate is 0.254 mm, the thickness of the third dielectric substrate is 0.254 mm, the thickness of the first layer of metal patches, the second layer of metal patches, the third layer of metal patches and the fourth layer of metal patches are all 35 μm, and the height of the compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array is 1.435 mm. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array, which has a wider axial ratio frequency band by etching two rectangular slots rotated 45 degrees clockwise and orthogonal to each other on the first metal patch of the upper layer, two L-shaped slots, and adding a pair of Z-shaped metal sheets; the antenna has a wider impedance bandwidth by feeding through metal through holes and circular slot vias; in order to reduce the influence of microstrip lines on antenna performance, this solution uses a microstrip 1-to-4 power divider as the fourth metal patch of the bottom layer, so that the array antenna is more compact, the radiation direction is more concentrated, the performance is more stable, and the gain is higher; the compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array provided by the solution of the present invention has the characteristics of wide frequency band, wide axial ratio bandwidth, high gain and small size.

[0012] Other advantages of the present invention will be analyzed in more detail in subsequent embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 1 is a side view of a compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 4 is a circuit diagram of the first metal patch in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the first group of metal sheets in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a top view of the first dielectric substrate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 4 is a circuit diagram of the second metal patch in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 6 FIG. 4 is a top view of the second dielectric substrate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 7 4 is a circuit diagram of the third metal patch in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 8 4 is a circuit diagram of the fourth metal patch in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 9 The S of the compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array in the embodiment of the present invention is 11 curve chart.

[0023] Figure 10 4 is a gain curve diagram of the compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 11 1 is an axial ratio curve diagram of the compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 12 : This is the E-plane radiation pattern of the compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array at 34 GHz in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 13 : This is the H-plane radiation pattern of the compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array at 34 GHz in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 14 This is the E-plane radiation pattern of the compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array at 46 GHz in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 15 This is the H-plane radiation pattern of the compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array at 46 GHz in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Among them: 1, first metal patch; 11, first group of metal sheets; 111, basic antenna unit metal sheet; 1111, first L-shaped gap; 1112, second L-shaped gap; 1113, first Z-shaped metal sheet; 1114, second Z-shaped metal sheet; 21, first metal through hole on the upper side; 22, first metal through hole on the left side; 23, first metal through hole on the lower side; 24, first metal through hole on the right side; 112, second antenna unit metal sheet; 113, third antenna unit metal sheet; 114, fourth Antenna unit metal sheet; 12, second group of metal sheets; 13, third group of metal sheets; 14, fourth group of metal sheets; 2, first dielectric substrate; 3, second metal patch; 31, first circular gap on the upper side; 32, first circular gap on the left side; 33, first circular gap on the lower side; 34, first circular gap on the right side; 35, first bone-shaped metal gap; 4, second dielectric substrate; 41, second metal through hole; 42, first elliptical metal through hole; 43, second elliptical metal through hole; 5, third metal patch; 5 1. Second circular gap; 52. Upper elliptical gap; 53. Second bone-shaped metal gap; 54. Lower elliptical gap; 6. Third dielectric substrate; 7. Fourth metal patch; 71. First microstrip line metal patch; 72. Second microstrip line metal patch; 73. Third microstrip line metal patch; 74. Fourth microstrip line metal patch; 75. Fifth microstrip line metal patch; 76. Sixth microstrip line metal patch; 77. Seventh microstrip line metal patch; 78. Eighth microstrip line metal patch; 79. Ninth microstrip line metal patch; 7 11. The first triangle corner; 712. The second triangle corner; 713. The third triangle corner; 714. The fourth triangle corner; 715. The fifth triangle corner; 716. The sixth triangle corner; 717. The seventh triangle corner; 718. The eighth triangle corner; 719. The ninth triangle corner; 720. The tenth triangle corner; 721. The eleventh triangle corner; 722. The twelfth triangle corner; 723. The thirteenth triangle corner; 724. The fourteenth triangle corner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array, comprising a first metal patch 1, a first dielectric substrate 2, a second metal patch 3, a second dielectric substrate 4, a third metal patch 5, a third dielectric substrate 6, and a fourth metal patch 7 stacked from top to bottom; The first metal patch 1 is composed of four groups of antenna metal sheets with identical structures, namely a first group of antenna metal sheets 11 located at the upper left of the first metal patch 1, a second group of antenna metal sheets 12 located at the upper right, a third group of antenna metal sheets 13 located at the lower left, and a fourth group of antenna metal sheets 14 located at the lower right. Each group of antenna metal sheets is composed of a square basic antenna unit metal sheet 111 and its corresponding second antenna unit metal sheet 112, third antenna unit metal sheet 113, and fourth antenna unit metal sheet 114 after three consecutive 90° counterclockwise rotations. The first metal patch is provided with a plurality of first metal through holes. like Figure 2 As shown, two orthogonal and 45° rotated rectangular slits are etched in the center of the basic antenna unit metal sheet 111. The etching paths of the two rectangular slits pass through the midpoints of each side of the basic antenna unit metal sheet 111, dividing the basic antenna unit metal sheet 111 into four sub-metal sheets; an L-shaped slit is etched at the outer corners of the sub-metal sheets on the upper and lower sides of the basic antenna unit metal sheet 111; a Z-shaped metal sheet is provided on the outer side of each sub-metal sheet on the left and right sides of the basic antenna unit metal sheet 111; and a first metal through-hole is respectively pierced at the inner corner of the four sub-metal sheets along the rectangular slit etching path.

[0032] In this embodiment, the inner and outer sides of the sub-metal sheet are distinguished by the distance from the center of the basic antenna unit metal sheet 111. The side close to the center of the basic antenna unit metal sheet 111 is the inner side, and the corner corresponding to the inner side is the inner corner. The other side away from the center of the basic antenna unit metal sheet 111 is the outer side, and the corner corresponding to the outer side is the outer corner. The Z-shaped metal sheets on the left and right sides of the basic antenna unit metal sheet 111 and the L-shaped gaps on the upper and lower sides are respectively symmetrical about the center of the basic antenna unit metal sheet 111. like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the four sub-metal sheets are respectively an upper sub-metal sheet, a left sub-metal sheet, a lower sub-metal sheet and a right sub-metal sheet; the L-shaped gaps etched at the outer corners of the upper and lower sub-metal sheets are respectively a first L-shaped gap 1111 etched at the outer corner of the upper sub-metal sheet and a second L-shaped gap 1112 etched at the outer corner of the lower sub-metal sheet; the Z-shaped metal sheets arranged on the outer sides of the left and right sub-metal sheets are respectively a first Z-shaped metal sheet 1113 arranged on the outer side of the left sub-metal sheet 22 and a second Z-shaped metal sheet 1114 arranged on the outer side of the right sub-metal sheet 24; the metal through holes on the four sub-metal sheets are respectively the upper first metal through hole 21 on the upper sub-metal sheet, the left first metal through hole 22 on the left sub-metal sheet, the lower first metal through hole 23 on the lower sub-metal sheet and the right first metal through hole 24 on the right sub-metal sheet.

[0033] In this solution, the first metal patch 1 has two orthogonal rectangular slots etched in the center and rotated 45 degrees, two additional Z-shaped metal pieces and two etched L-shaped slots, so that the antenna has circular polarization performance and widens the axial ratio bandwidth.

[0034] The Z-shaped metal sheet on the right side of the basic antenna unit metal sheet 111 is tangent to the sub-metal sheet on the left side of the second antenna unit metal sheet 112 in the vertical direction; the Z-shaped metal sheet on the lower side of the second antenna unit metal sheet 112 is tangent to the sub-metal sheet on the upper side of the fourth antenna unit metal sheet 114 in the horizontal direction; the Z-shaped metal sheet on the left side of the fourth antenna unit metal sheet 114 is tangent to the sub-metal sheet on the right side of the third antenna unit metal sheet 113 in the vertical direction; the Z-shaped metal sheet on the upper side of the third antenna unit metal sheet 113 is tangent to the sub-metal sheet on the lower side of the basic antenna unit metal sheet 111 in the horizontal direction.

[0035] In this solution, the second antenna unit metal sheet 112, the third antenna unit metal sheet 113 and the fourth antenna unit metal sheet 114 are obtained in sequence by rotating the basic antenna unit metal sheet 111 counterclockwise 90° three times in a row, and the boundaries of the antenna unit metal sheets are arranged tangentially, which effectively reduces the antenna area and provides a basis for achieving circular polarization.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the first dielectric substrate 2 is penetrated by the first metal through-hole provided on the first metal patch 1 to connect the first metal patch 1 to the second metal patch 3. In this embodiment, the first dielectric substrate 2 is penetrated by the upper first metal through-hole 21, the left first metal through-hole 22, the lower first metal through-hole 23, and the right first metal through-hole 24 provided on the first metal patch 1. like Figure 5As shown, the second metal patch 3 is etched with a first circular slit at the corresponding position of the metal through hole on the first metal patch 1, and a first bone-shaped slit 35 is etched between the first circular slits; in this embodiment, the circular slits on the second metal patch 3 corresponding to the upper first metal through hole 21, the left first metal through hole 22, the lower first metal through hole 23 and the right first metal through hole 24 are the upper first circular slit 31, the left first circular slit 32, the lower first circular slit 33 and the right first circular slit 34 in sequence, and the first bone-shaped metal slit 35 is etched along the perpendicular direction of the line connecting the upper first circular slit 31 and the right first circular slit 34; In this solution, the shape and size of the first bone-shaped metal gap 35 are adjusted according to the positions of the upper first circular gap 31 , the left first circular gap 32 , the lower first circular gap 33 and the right first circular gap 34 .

[0037] In this solution, the antenna has broadband characteristics by adopting the method of the upper first metal through hole 21, the left first metal through hole 22, the lower first metal through hole 23, the right first metal through hole 24 and the upper first circular slot 31, the left first circular slot 32, the lower first circular slot 33 and the right first circular slot 34 via holes.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, the second dielectric substrate 4 is provided with a plurality of continuous second metal through holes 41 corresponding to the edge position relative to the first metal patch 1, and two elliptical metal through holes are provided within the corresponding range of each group of antenna metal patches to connect the second metal patch 3 and the third metal patch 4; The second dielectric substrate 4 is provided with a first elliptical metal through hole 42 at an angle relative to the base antenna unit metal sheet 111 and the second antenna unit metal sheet 112, and is correspondingly provided with a second elliptical metal through hole 43 at an angle relative to the third antenna unit metal sheet 113 and the fourth antenna unit metal sheet 114.

[0039] like Figure 7 As shown, the third metal patch 5 is etched with a second circular slit 51 at a position corresponding to the second metal through hole 41 on the second dielectric substrate 4, and an elliptical slit is etched at a position corresponding to the elliptical metal through hole on the second dielectric substrate 4, and a second bone-shaped metal slit 53 is etched between the elliptical slits; The third metal patch 5 is etched with an upper elliptical gap 52 at a position relative to the first elliptical metal through-hole 42, and is etched with a lower elliptical gap 54 at a position relative to the second elliptical metal through-hole 43; the second bone-shaped metal gap 53 is etched at the center position between the upper elliptical gap 52 and the lower elliptical gap 54.

[0040] In this embodiment, as a preferred manner, the transverse second bone-shaped metal gap 53 is etched on the symmetry axis between the upper elliptical gap 52 and the lower elliptical gap 54 .

[0041] The third dielectric substrate 6 is used to connect the third metal patch 5 and the fourth metal patch 7; like Figure 8 As shown, the fourth metal patch 7 is a microstrip 1-to-4 power divider.

[0042] The microstrip 1-to-4 power divider is composed of a first microstrip line metal sheet 71, a second microstrip line metal sheet 72, a third microstrip line metal sheet 73, a fourth microstrip line metal sheet 74, a fifth microstrip line metal sheet 75, a sixth microstrip line metal sheet 76, a seventh microstrip line metal sheet 77, an eighth microstrip line metal sheet 78 and a ninth microstrip line metal sheet 79; The vertical symmetry axis of the first microstrip line metal sheet 71 is the vertical symmetry axis of the microstrip 1-to-4 power divider, the second microstrip line metal sheet 72 and the third microstrip line metal sheet 73 are left-right symmetric about the symmetry axis, the fourth microstrip line metal sheet 74 and the fifth microstrip line metal sheet 75 are left-right symmetric about the symmetry axis, the sixth microstrip line metal sheet 76 and the eighth microstrip line metal sheet 78 are left-right symmetric about the symmetry axis, and the seventh microstrip line metal sheet 77 and the ninth microstrip line metal sheet 79 are left-right symmetric about the symmetry axis. The first triangular corner 711 is etched away at the upper right corner of the third microstrip line metal sheet 73; the second triangular corner 712 is etched away at the upper left corner of the second microstrip line metal sheet 72; the third triangular corner 713 is etched away at the upper right corner of the sixth microstrip line metal sheet 76, the fourth triangular corner 714 is etched away at the lower right corner, and the fifth triangular corner 715 is etched away at the lower left corner; the sixth triangular corner 716 is etched away at the lower right corner of the seventh microstrip line metal sheet 77, and the seventh triangular corner 717 is etched away at the right corner. The eighth triangular corner 718 is etched away at the left corner by etching; the ninth triangular corner 719 is etched away at the upper left corner of the eighth microstrip line metal sheet 78, the tenth triangular corner 720 is etched away at the lower left corner, and the eleventh triangular corner 721 is etched away at the lower right corner; the twelfth triangular corner 722 is etched away at the lower left corner of the ninth microstrip line metal sheet 79, the thirteenth triangular corner 723 is etched away at the left corner, and the fourteenth triangular corner 724 is etched away at the right corner.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first triangle corner 711, the second triangle corner 712, the third triangle corner 713, the fourth triangle corner 714, the fifth triangle corner 715, the sixth triangle corner 716, the seventh triangle corner 717, the eighth triangle corner 718, the ninth triangle corner 719, the tenth triangle corner 720, the eleventh triangle corner 721, the twelfth triangle corner 722, the thirteenth triangle corner 723 and the fourteenth triangle corner 724 are all right triangles. The first triangle corner 711, the ninth triangle corner 719, the tenth triangle corner 720, the eleventh triangle corner 721, the twelfth triangle corner 722, the thirteenth triangle corner 723 and the fourteenth triangle corner 724 correspond one to one with the second triangle corner 712, the third triangle corner 713, the fourth triangle corner 714, the fifth triangle corner 715, the sixth triangle corner 716, the seventh triangle corner 717 and the eighth triangle corner 718, and are symmetrical about the left and right axes.

[0044] The fourth metal patch 7 in this solution is a one-to-four power divider composed of microstrip line metal sheets. By arranging four groups of identical metal sheets into a 2×2 structure, the antenna has high gain characteristics and the radiation direction is more concentrated.

[0045] In this embodiment, when the antenna array is operating, the feed line is the fourth metal patch 7. After energy is input from the first microstrip line metal patch 71, it is transmitted through the second microstrip line metal patch 72 and the third microstrip line metal patch 73 to the fifth microstrip line metal patch 75, the eighth microstrip line metal patch 78 and the ninth microstrip line metal patch 79 on the left, and the fourth microstrip line metal patch 74, the sixth microstrip line metal patch 76 and the seventh microstrip line metal patch 77 on the right. After passing through the third dielectric substrate 6, the energy is transmitted through the second circular slot 51, the upper elliptical slot 52, the second bone-shaped metal slot 53 and the lower elliptical slot 54 on the third metal patch 5 through the second dielectric substrate 4 to the second metal patch 3. The energy is then transmitted through the first circular slot and the first bone-shaped slot 35 on the second metal patch 3 through the first dielectric substrate 2 to the first group of antenna metal patches 11, the second group of antenna metal patches 12, the third group of antenna metal patches 13 and the fourth group of antenna metal patches 14 on the first metal patch 1 to radiate outward.

[0046] In this solution, the thickness of the first dielectric substrate 2 is 0.787 mm, the thickness of the second dielectric substrate 4 is 0.254 mm, the thickness of the third dielectric substrate 6 is 0.254 mm, the thickness of the first metal patch 1, the second metal patch 3, the third metal patch 5 and the fourth metal patch 7 are all 35 μm thick, and the height of the compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array is 1.435 mm. In this embodiment, the material of the first dielectric substrate 2 is Roger RT5880, with a thickness of 0.787 mm, a dielectric constant of 2.2, and a size of 30 mm. 30mm 0.787mm; the material of the second dielectric substrate 4 is Roger RT5880, with a dielectric constant of 2.2, a thickness of 0.254mm, and a size of 30mm 30mm 0.254mm; the material of the third dielectric substrate 6 is RogerRT5880, with a dielectric constant of 2.2, a thickness of 0.254mm, and a size of 30mm 30mm 0.254mm; the diameters of the upper first metal through-hole 21, the left first metal through-hole 22, the lower first metal through-hole 23 and the right first metal through-hole 24 in the basic antenna unit metal sheet 111 are all 0.65mm; the diameter of the first circular gap on the second metal patch 3 is 0.65mm, the maximum width of the first bone-shaped gap 35 is 0.6mm, and the length is 3.2mm; the diameter of the second circular gap 51 on the third metal sheet 5 is 0.65mm, the maximum width of the second bone-shaped gap 53 is 0.6mm, and the length is 3.2mm, the short axis length of the first elliptical gap 52 and the second elliptical gap 54 are both 0.5mm, and the long axis length is 0.7mm.

[0047] In a practical example, the electromagnetic field simulation of the compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna array provided by this solution was carried out; like Figure 9 As shown, S obtained from electromagnetic field simulation 11 It can be seen from the curve that the operating frequency band of the antenna array is 37.5~50.3GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 12.8GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 29.15%. This antenna has a wide operating frequency band.

[0048] like Figure 10 As shown in the figure, from the axial ratio curve obtained from the electromagnetic field simulation, it can be found that the axial ratio frequency band of the antenna array is 37.16~51.2GHz, the absolute axial ratio bandwidth is 14.04 GHz, and the relative axial ratio bandwidth is 31.8%.

[0049] like Figure 11As shown in FIG, from the curve of gain variation with frequency obtained from the electromagnetic field simulation, it can be found that the peak gain of the antenna array is 18.67 dBi, which has higher gain than that of a single circularly polarized antenna unit.

[0050] like Figure 12 As shown in the E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna array obtained from the electromagnetic field simulation at 38 GHz, it can be found that the antenna array pattern is stable, the main polarization is obvious, the left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) is the main polarization component, the right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) cross-polarization is well suppressed, the cross-polarization level is low, and it shows excellent circularly polarized radiation characteristics.

[0051] like Figure 13 As shown in the H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna array obtained from the electromagnetic field simulation at 38 GHz, it can be found that the broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna array has a stable pattern, obvious main polarization, left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) as the main polarization component, right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) cross-polarization suppression is good, the cross-polarization level is low, and it shows excellent circularly polarized radiation characteristics.

[0052] like Figure 14 As shown in the E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna array obtained from the electromagnetic field simulation at 46 GHz, it can be found that the broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna array has a stable pattern, obvious main polarization, left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) as the main polarization component, right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) cross-polarization suppression is good, the cross-polarization level is low, and it shows excellent circularly polarized radiation characteristics.

[0053] like Figure 15 As shown in the H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna array obtained from the electromagnetic field simulation at 46 GHz, it can be found that the broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna array has a stable pattern, obvious main polarization, left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) as the main polarization component, right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) cross-polarization suppression is good, the cross-polarization level is low, and it shows excellent circularly polarized radiation characteristics.

[0054] This solution provides a compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array with a wide frequency band and wide axial ratio bandwidth. It has the characteristics of high gain, stable radiation pattern, low cross-polarization level, simple structure, etc. within the working frequency band and is easy to process and realize.

[0055] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array, characterized in that: It comprises a first metal patch (1), a first dielectric substrate (2), a second metal patch (3), a second dielectric substrate (4), a third metal patch (5), a third dielectric substrate (6) and a fourth metal patch (7) stacked from top to bottom; The first metal patch (1) is composed of four groups of antenna metal sheets with identical structures, namely a first group of antenna metal sheets (11) located at the upper left of the first metal patch (1), a second group of antenna metal sheets (12) located at the upper right, a third group of antenna metal sheets (13) located at the lower left, and a fourth group of antenna metal sheets (14) located at the lower right, wherein each group of antenna metal sheets is composed of a square basic antenna unit metal sheet (111) and a second antenna unit metal sheet (112), a third antenna unit metal sheet (113), and a fourth antenna unit metal sheet (114) corresponding to the square basic antenna unit metal sheet (111) after three consecutive 90° counterclockwise rotations; a plurality of first metal through holes are provided on the first metal patch; The first dielectric substrate (2) is penetrated by a first metal through-hole provided on the first metal patch (1) to connect the first metal patch (1) and the second metal patch (3); The second metal patch (3) is etched with a first circular slit at a position corresponding to the metal through hole on the first metal patch (1), and a first bone-shaped slit (35) is etched between the first circular slits; The second dielectric substrate (4) is provided with a plurality of continuous second metal through holes (41) at an edge position relative to the first metal patch (1), and two elliptical metal through holes are provided within a corresponding range of each group of antenna metal patches to connect the second metal patch (3) and the third metal patch (4); The third metal patch (5) is etched with a second circular slit (51) at a position corresponding to the second metal through hole (41) on the second dielectric substrate (4), and an elliptical slit is etched at a position corresponding to the elliptical metal through hole on the second dielectric substrate (4), and a second bone-shaped metal slit (53) is etched between the elliptical slits. The third dielectric substrate (6) is used to connect the third metal patch (5) and the fourth metal patch (7); The fourth metal patch (7) is a microstrip 1-to-4 power divider.

2. The compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center of the basic antenna unit metal sheet (111) is etched with two orthogonal rectangular slits rotated 45 degrees, and the etching paths of the two rectangular slits pass through the midpoints of each side of the basic antenna unit metal sheet (111), dividing the basic antenna unit metal sheet (111) into four sub-metal sheets; an L-shaped slit is etched at the outer corners of the sub-metal sheets on the upper and lower sides of the basic antenna unit metal sheet (111); a Z-shaped metal sheet is provided on the outer sides of the sub-metal sheets on the left and right sides of the basic antenna unit metal sheet (111); and a first metal through hole is respectively pierced at the inner corners of the four sub-metal sheets along the rectangular slit etching path.

3. The compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Z-shaped metal sheet on the right side of the basic antenna unit metal sheet (111) is tangent to the sub-metal sheet on the left side of the second antenna unit metal sheet (112) in the vertical direction; the Z-shaped metal sheet on the lower side of the second antenna unit metal sheet (112) is tangent to the sub-metal sheet on the upper side of the fourth antenna unit metal sheet (114) in the horizontal direction; the Z-shaped metal sheet on the left side of the fourth antenna unit metal sheet (114) is tangent to the sub-metal sheet on the right side of the third antenna unit metal sheet (113) in the vertical direction; and the Z-shaped metal sheet on the upper side of the third antenna unit metal sheet (113) is tangent to the sub-metal sheet on the lower side of the basic antenna unit metal sheet (111) in the horizontal direction.

4. The compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second dielectric substrate (4) is provided with a first elliptical metal through hole (42) at an angle relative to the base antenna unit metal sheet (111) and the second antenna unit metal sheet (112), and a second elliptical metal through hole (43) is correspondingly provided at an angle relative to the third antenna unit metal sheet (113) and the fourth antenna unit metal sheet (114).

5. The compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third metal patch (5) is etched with an upper elliptical gap (52) at a position relative to the first elliptical metal through hole (42), and is etched with a lower elliptical gap (54) at a position relative to the second elliptical metal through hole (43); the second bone-shaped metal gap (53) is etched at a central position between the upper elliptical gap (52) and the lower elliptical gap (54).

6. The compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array according to claim 5, characterized in that: The microstrip 1-to-4 power divider is composed of a first microstrip line metal sheet (71), a second microstrip line metal sheet (72), a third microstrip line metal sheet (73), a fourth microstrip line metal sheet (74), a fifth microstrip line metal sheet (75), a sixth microstrip line metal sheet (76), a seventh microstrip line metal sheet (77), an eighth microstrip line metal sheet (78) and a ninth microstrip line metal sheet (79); The vertical symmetry axis of the first microstrip line metal sheet (71) is the vertical symmetry axis of the microstrip 1-to-4 power divider; the second microstrip line metal sheet (72) and the third microstrip line metal sheet (73) are left-right symmetrical about the symmetry axis; the fourth microstrip line metal sheet (74) and the fifth microstrip line metal sheet (75) are left-right symmetrical about the symmetry axis; the sixth microstrip line metal sheet (76) and the eighth microstrip line metal sheet (78) are left-right symmetrical about the symmetry axis; and the seventh microstrip line metal sheet (77) and the ninth microstrip line metal sheet (79) are left-right symmetrical about the symmetry axis. The first triangular corner (711) of the upper right corner of the third microstrip line metal sheet (73) is etched away; the second triangular corner (712) of the upper left corner of the second microstrip line metal sheet (72) is etched away; the third triangular corner (713) of the upper right corner of the sixth microstrip line metal sheet (76) is etched away, the fourth triangular corner (714) of the lower right corner is etched away, and the fifth triangular corner (715) of the lower left corner is etched away; the sixth triangular corner (716) of the lower right corner of the seventh microstrip line metal sheet (77) is etched away, and the seventh triangular corner (717) of the right corner is etched away. The eighth triangular corner (718) is etched away at the left corner; the ninth triangular corner (719) is etched away at the upper left corner of the eighth microstrip line metal sheet (78), the tenth triangular corner (720) is etched away at the lower left corner, and the eleventh triangular corner (721) is etched away at the lower right corner; the twelfth triangular corner (722) is etched away at the lower left corner of the ninth microstrip line metal sheet (79), the thirteenth triangular corner (723) is etched away at the left corner, and the fourteenth triangular corner (724) is etched away at the right corner.

7. The compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array according to claim 6, characterized in that: The feed line is the fourth metal patch (7). After energy is input from the first microstrip line metal patch (71), it is transmitted to the fifth microstrip line metal patch (75), the eighth microstrip line metal patch (78) and the ninth microstrip line metal patch (79) on the left side, and the fourth microstrip line metal patch (74), the sixth microstrip line metal patch (76) and the seventh microstrip line metal patch (77) on the right side through the second circular slot on the third metal patch (5) after passing through the third dielectric substrate (6). The antenna is transmitted through the first circular slot (51), the upper elliptical slot (52), the second bone-shaped metal slot (53) and the lower elliptical slot (54) through the second dielectric substrate (4) to the second metal patch (3), and then through the first dielectric substrate (2) to the first group of antenna metal sheets (11), the second group of antenna metal sheets (12), the third group of antenna metal sheets (13) and the fourth group of antenna metal sheets (14) on the first metal patch (1) to radiate outward.

8. The compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first dielectric substrate (2) is 0.787 mm, the thickness of the second dielectric substrate (4) is 0.254 mm, the thickness of the third dielectric substrate (6) is 0.254 mm, the thickness of the first layer of metal patch (1), the second layer of metal patch (3), the third layer of metal patch (5) and the fourth layer of metal patch (7) are all 35 μm, and the height of the compact broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array is 1.435 mm.

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