Device selection in a vehicle for communication

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a device may receive instructions to initiate communication with a network entity. The device may select a dominant device from a plurality of wireless devices for the communication with the network entity, the plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated in a vehicle and a second wireless device detected to be associated with the vehicle. The device may initiate the communication using the dominant device. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 176,032, filed on February 28, 2023, entitled “DEVICE SELECTION IN VEHICLEFOR COMMUNICATION,” and assigned to the assignee of the present application. The disclosure of the prior application is considered a part of and incorporated by reference into this patent application. Technical Field

[0003] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications, and to techniques and apparatus for selecting devices in a vehicle for communication.

[0004] Related technical description

[0005] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunication services, such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), and long-term evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0006] A wireless network may include one or more network nodes that support communication for wireless communication devices, such as user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs. A UE may communicate with a network node via downlink and uplink communications. A "downlink" (or "DL") refers to the communication link from a network node to a UE, and an "uplink" (or "UL") refers to the communication link from a UE to a network node. Some wireless networks may support device-to-device communication, such as via a local link (e.g., a sidelink (SL), a wireless local area network (WLAN) link, and / or a wireless personal area network (WPAN) link, etc.).

[0007] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different UEs to communicate at a city, country, region, or global level. New Radio (NR), which may also be referred to as 5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink, CP-OFDM or single carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) on the uplink, and supporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation to improve spectrum efficiency, reduce costs, improve services, utilize new spectrum, and better integrate with other open standards. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a device. The method may include receiving an instruction to initiate communication with a network entity. The method may include selecting a lead device from a plurality of wireless devices for communication with the network entity, the plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated in a vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle. The method may include initiating communication using the lead device.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a network entity. The method may include selecting a lead device in a vehicle from a plurality of wireless devices for communication between the lead device and the network entity, the plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated in the vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle. The method may include performing communication with the lead device.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to a device for wireless communication. The device may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to receive an instruction for initiating communication with a network entity. The one or more processors may be configured to select a lead device from a plurality of wireless devices for communication with the network entity, the plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated into a vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle. The one or more processors may be configured to initiate communication using the lead device.

[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to a network entity for wireless communication. The network entity may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to select a lead device in a vehicle for communication between the lead device and the network entity from a plurality of wireless devices, the plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated in the vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle. The one or more processors may be configured to perform communication with the lead device.

[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication by a device. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the device, may cause the device to receive an instruction to initiate communication with a network entity. The instruction set, when executed by the one or more processors of the device, may cause the device to select a lead device from a plurality of wireless devices for communication with the network entity, the plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated into a vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle. The instruction set, when executed by the one or more processors of the device, may cause the device to initiate communication using the lead device.

[0013] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication by a network entity. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network entity, may cause the network entity to select a lead device in a vehicle for communication between the lead device and the network entity from a plurality of wireless devices, the plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated in the vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle. The instruction set, when executed by the one or more processors of the network entity, may cause the network entity to perform communication with the lead device.

[0014] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving an instruction to initiate communication with a network entity. The apparatus may include means for selecting a lead device from a plurality of wireless devices for communication with the network entity, the plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated into a vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle. The apparatus may include means for initiating communication using the lead device.

[0015] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for selecting a lead device in a vehicle for communication between the lead device and the apparatus from a plurality of wireless devices, the plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated in the vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle. The apparatus may include means for performing communication with the lead device.

[0016] The various aspects collectively include methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, network entities, network nodes, wireless communication devices, mobile stations, access points and / or processing systems as fully described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings and description and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and description.

[0017] The features and technical advantages of the examples according to the present disclosure have been outlined quite broadly above so that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The concepts and specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein (both their organization and method of operation) and the associated advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Each of the figures in the drawings is provided for the purpose of illustration and description and not as a definition of limitations on the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to provide a more detailed understanding of the above-described features of the present disclosure, a more particular description of the invention briefly summarized above may be obtained by reference to various aspects, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It should be noted, however, that the drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of the present disclosure and are not therefore to be considered limiting of its scope, as the description may admit to other equally effective aspects. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0019] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network.

[0020] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of communication between a network node and a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network.

[0021] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example decomposed base station architecture according to the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of an infotainment system according to the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example associated with selecting a master device according to the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating another example associated with selecting a master device according to the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of an infotainment system handing over a call according to the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of link switching according to the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of link aggregation according to the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of sending messages to multiple devices in a vehicle according to the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 11 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a first wireless device according to the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 12 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a network entity according to the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 13 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communications according to the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 14 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communications according to the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] A vehicle may include systems that provide various features, such as audio, video, navigation, internet access, or use of other applications. Such systems may provide both information and entertainment and, therefore, may be referred to as "infotainment systems." The system may include a wireless device integrated into the vehicle. The wireless device may be located in the vehicle and may be part of the vehicle. The vehicle may provide power to the wireless device, provide a user interface for operating the wireless device, and provide applications or features that utilize the wireless device. The driver of the vehicle may have another wireless device, such as a smartphone. The driver may make calls and communicate with other devices via a network entity (e.g., a base station), which may be part of a wireless network. Passengers in the vehicle may also have smartphones that can communicate with the network entity.

[0034] A wireless device integrated into a vehicle can detect that the driver's wireless device and a passenger's wireless device are associated with the vehicle. A wireless device can be associated with a vehicle if it is located in the vehicle, connected to the vehicle (e.g., via a wireless connection or a wired connection), provides a notification to the wireless device integrated into the vehicle, or is preconfigured to associate with the vehicle. A network entity can also provide a list of devices that can be associated with the vehicle. The device list from the network entity can be defined categorically (e.g., all wireless devices integrated into vehicles from a specific automaker). Associated devices can also be discovered by the vehicle (e.g., devices in or integrated into other vehicles).

[0035] Although the driver's wireless device can communicate with the network entity, the communication link between the driver's wireless device and the network entity may not be optimal in terms of quality, speed, and / or reliability. For example, a wireless device integrated into the vehicle or a passenger's device may provide a better or less expensive communication link to the network entity than the driver's wireless device. Using a non-optimal communication link may waste power, money, processing resources, and signaling resources.

[0036] According to various aspects described herein, a driver or passenger can initiate communication via the driver's wireless device, the vehicle's user interface, or the passenger's wireless device. A device that is part of an infotainment system or that coordinates with the infotainment system and a wireless device integrated into the vehicle can select a lead device from among the wireless devices integrated into the vehicle, the driver's wireless device, and the passenger's wireless device. The lead device can establish a communication link with a network entity and communicate using the communication link. The lead device can be selected based at least in part on the pricing, link quality, speed, and / or capabilities of the wireless device. In some aspects, the network entity can select the lead device. By selecting a lead device that provides a better and / or less expensive communication link, the wireless device in the vehicle saves power, money, processing resources, and / or signaling resources.

[0037] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure can be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout the present disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of protection of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently or in combination with any other aspect of the present disclosure. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or practice method. Furthermore, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such apparatus or methods implemented using other structures, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or different from the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the present claims.

[0038] Several aspects of telecommunications systems will now be presented with reference to various devices and techniques. These devices and techniques are described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively, "elements"). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0039] Although various aspects may be described herein using terminology generally associated with 5G or New Radio (NR) radio access technology (RAT), various aspects of the present disclosure may be applicable to other RATs, such as 3G RATs, 4G RATs, and / or post-5G (e.g., 6G) RATs.

[0040] Figure 1is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100. Wireless network 100 may be a 5G (e.g., NR) network or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, or the like. Wireless network 100 may include one or more network nodes 110 (illustrated as network node 110a, network node 110b, network node 110c, and network node 110d), user equipment (UE) 120 or multiple UEs 120 (illustrated as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e), or other entities. Network node 110 is an example of a network node that communicates with UE 120. As shown, network node 110 may include one or more network nodes. For example, the network node 110 may be a converged network node, meaning that the converged network node is configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit). As another example, the network node 110 may be a disaggregated network node (sometimes referred to as a disaggregated base station), meaning that the network node 110 is configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed across two or more nodes (such as one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs)).

[0041] In some examples, network node 110 is or includes a network node (such as a RU) that communicates with UE 120 via a radio access link. In some examples, network node 110 is or includes a network node (such as a DU) that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a fronthaul link or a midhaul link. In some examples, network node 110 is or includes a network node (such as a CU) that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a midhaul link or with a core network via a backhaul link. In some examples, network node 110 (such as a converged network node 110 or a decomposed network node 110) may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, and / or one or more DUs. For example, network node 110 may include an NR base station, an LTE base station, a Node B, an eNB (e.g., in 4G), a gNB (e.g., in 5G), an access point, a transmit receive point (TRP), a DU, a RU, a CU, a mobility element of a network, a core network node, a network element, network equipment, a RAN node, or a combination thereof. In some examples, network nodes 110 may be interconnected to each other or to one or more other network nodes 110 in wireless network 100 via various types of fronthaul interfaces, midhaul interfaces, and / or backhaul interfaces (such as direct physical connections, air interfaces, or virtual networks) using any suitable transport network.

[0042] In some examples, network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the term "cell" can refer to the coverage area of ​​network node 110 or a network node subsystem serving that coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. Network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macrocell, a picocell, a femtocell, or another type of cell. A macrocell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A picocell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A femtocell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a residence) and may allow restricted access by UEs 120 associated with the femtocell (e.g., UEs 120 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG)). A network node 110 for a macrocell may be referred to as a macro network node. A network node 110 for a picocell may be referred to as a pico network node. The network node 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto network node or a home network node. Figure 1 In the example shown, network node 110a may be a macro network node for macro cell 102a, network node 110b may be a pico network node for pico cell 102b, and network node 110c may be a femto network node for femto cell 102c. A network node may support one or more (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, the cells may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of ​​the cells may move depending on the location of a mobile network node 110 (e.g., a mobile network node).

[0043] In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a converged base station, a disaggregated base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more components thereof. For example, in some aspects, a "base station" or "network node" may refer to a CU, DU, RU, a near real-time (near-RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a device configured to perform one or more functions, such as those described herein in conjunction with network node 110. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to multiple devices configured to perform one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, each of multiple different devices (which may be located in the same or different geographic locations) may be configured to perform at least a portion of a function, or to perform at least a portion of the function repeatedly, and the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to any one or more of these different devices. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one or more virtual base stations or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions may be instantiated on a single device. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one of the base station functions but not another base station function. In this way, a single device may include more than one base station.

[0044] The wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is a network node that receives transmissions of data from an upstream node (e.g., a network node 110 or a UE 120) and transmits the transmissions of data to a downstream node (e.g., a UE 120 or a network node 110). A relay station may be a UE 120 that can relay transmissions for other UEs 120. Figure 1 In the illustrated example, a network node 110 d (e.g., a relay network node) may communicate with a network node 110 a (e.g., a macro network node) and a UE 120 d to facilitate communications between the network node 110 a and the UE 120 d. A network node 110 that relays communications may be referred to as a relay station, a relay base station, a relay network node, a relay node, a relay, or the like.

[0045] The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes different types of network nodes 110, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, or relay network nodes. These different types of network nodes 110 may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, or different impacts on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, a macro network node may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 watts to 40 watts), while a pico network node, a femto network node, and a relay network node may have a lower transmit power level (e.g., 0.1 watt to 2 watts).

[0046] The network controller may be coupled to or in communication with a set of network nodes 110 and may provide coordination and control for the network nodes 110. The network controller may communicate with the network nodes 110 via a backhaul communication link or a midhaul communication link. The network nodes 110 may also communicate directly with each other or indirectly via a wireless backhaul communication link or a wired backhaul communication link. In some aspects, the network controller may be or may include a CU or a core network device.

[0047] UEs 120 may be dispersed throughout wireless network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. UEs 120 may include, for example, access terminals, terminals, mobile stations, or subscriber units. UEs 120 may be cellular phones (e.g., smartphones), personal digital assistants (PDAs), wireless modems, wireless communication devices, handheld devices, laptop computers, cordless phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, tablet devices, cameras, gaming devices, netbooks, smartbooks, ultrabooks, medical devices, biometric devices, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches, smart clothing, smart glasses, smart wristbands, smart jewelry (e.g., smart rings or smart bands)), entertainment devices (e.g., music devices, video devices, or satellite radios), vehicle components or sensors, smart meters / sensors, industrial manufacturing equipment, global positioning system equipment, UE functionality of a network node, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.

[0048] Some UEs 120 may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC UEs or eMTC UEs may include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, or location tags, which may communicate with a network node, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Some UEs 120 may be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices or implemented as NB-IoT (Narrowband IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 may be considered customer premises equipment. UE 120 may be included within a housing that houses components of UE 120, such as a processor component or a memory component. In some examples, the processor component and the memory component may be coupled together. For example, the processor component (e.g., one or more processors) and the memory component (e.g., memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, or electrically coupled.

[0049] Generally speaking, any number of wireless networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network 100 may support a specific RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may also be referred to as a radio technology or air interface. A frequency may also be referred to as a carrier or frequency channel. Each frequency in a given geographic area may support a single RAT to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.

[0050] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) can communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using network node 110 as an intermediary for communicating with each other). For example, UEs 120 can communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols), or mesh networks. In such examples, UEs 120 can perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by network node 110.

[0051] Devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using an electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided into various categories, bands, or channels by frequency or wavelength. For example, devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using one or more operating frequency bands. In 5G NR, two initial operating frequency bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz–7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz–52.6 GHz). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. A similar naming issue sometimes occurs with respect to FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, despite being distinct from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz–300 GHz) identified as the “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0052] Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR research has identified the operating band for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz–24.25 GHz). Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit either FR1 characteristics or FR2 characteristics, and thereby effectively extend the features of FR1 or FR2 to mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz–71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz–114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz–300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0053] With these examples in mind, unless otherwise specified, if the term "sub-6 GHz" is used herein, it may broadly refer to frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, frequencies that may be within FR1, or frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, if the term "millimeter wave" is used herein, it may broadly refer to frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, frequencies that may be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, or FR5, or frequencies that may be within the EHF band. It is contemplated that the frequencies included in these operating bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, or FR5) may be modified, and that the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0054] In some aspects, although terminology typically associated with 3GPP is used herein to describe the UE 120, the UE 120 may also be configured to operate using other RATs, including operating in accordance with Institute of Electrical Engineers (IEEE) standards (e.g., IEEE 802) or using ultra-wideband (UWB) technology. For example, the UE 120 may operate as an access point (AP) or a mobile station (STA) in a wireless local area network (WLAN), such as a Wi-Fi network. The WLAN may be a network that implements at least one of the IEEE 802.11 family of standards, such as those defined by the IEEE 802.11-2016 specification or its amendments, including but not limited to 802.11ah, 802.11ad, 802.11ay, 802.11ax, 802.11az, 802.11ba, and 802.11be.

[0055] A single AP and its associated set of STAs may be referred to as a Basic Service Set (BSS), which is managed by the corresponding AP within the Basic Service Area (BSA) serving the WLAN. A BSS can be identified to users by a Service Set Identifier (SSID), and to other devices by a Basic Service Set Identifier (BSSID), which may be the AP's Media Access Control (MAC) address. APs and STAs may send and receive wireless communications to and from each other in the form of Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Units (PPDUs). APs and STAs may send PPDUs over unlicensed spectrum, which may include a portion of the spectrum that includes frequency bands traditionally used by Wi-Fi technology, such as the 2.4 GHz, 5.0 GHz, 60 GHz, 3.6 GHz, and 900 MHz bands. Some implementations of APs and STAs may communicate in other frequency bands, such as the 6.0 GHz band, that can support both licensed and unlicensed communications. APs and STAs may also be configured to communicate on other frequency bands, such as shared licensed bands, where multiple operators may have licenses to operate in the same or overlapping frequency bands.

[0056] In some aspects, a device (e.g., device 130, UE 120) may include a communications manager 140 or 160. As described in greater detail elsewhere herein, the communications manager 140 or 160 may receive instructions to initiate communications with a network entity. The communications manager 140 or 160 may select a lead device from a plurality of wireless devices, including a first wireless device integrated into a vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle, for use in the communications with the network entity. The communications manager 140 or 160 may initiate the communications using the lead device. Additionally or alternatively, the communications manager 140 or 160 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0057] In some aspects, a network entity (e.g., network node 110) may include a communication manager 150. As described in greater detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may select a lead device in a vehicle for communication between the lead device and the network entity from two or more wireless devices, including a first wireless device integrated in the vehicle and a second wireless device in the vehicle. The communication manager 150 may perform communications with the lead device. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0058] As indicated above, Figure 1 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 1 The examples described are different.

[0059] Figure 2 2 is a diagram illustrating example 200 of a network node 110 communicating with a UE 120 in a wireless network 100. The network node 110 may be equipped with a set of antennas 234a through 234t, such as T antennas (T ≥ 1). The UE 120 may be equipped with a set of antennas 252a through 252r, such as R antennas (R ≥ 1). The network node 110 of example 200 includes one or more radio frequency components, such as antennas 234 and a modem 232. In some examples, the network node 110 may include an interface, a communication component, or another component that facilitates communication with the UE 120 or another network node. Some network nodes 110 may not include radio frequency components, such as one or more CUs or one or more DUs, that facilitate direct communication with the UE 120.

[0060] At network node 110, transmit processor 220 may receive data intended for UE 120 (or a set of UEs 120) from data source 212. Transmit processor 220 may use one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from UE 120 to select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) for UE 120. Network node 110 may process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for UE 120 using the MCS selected for UE 120 and may provide data symbols to UE 120. Transmit processor 220 may process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, or upper layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmit processor 220 may generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS) or demodulation reference signals (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signals (PSS) or secondary synchronization signals (SSS)). The transmit (TX) multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, or reference symbols, as applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a corresponding set of modems 232 (e.g., T modems) (shown as modems 232a through 232t). For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of the modem 232. Each modem 232 may process a corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) using a corresponding modulator component to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may also process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, or frequency upconvert) the output sample stream using a corresponding modulator component to obtain a downlink signal. Modems 232a through 232t may transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a corresponding set of antennas 234 (e.g., T antennas) (shown as antennas 234a through 234t).

[0061] At UE 120, a set of antennas 252 (illustrated as antennas 252a through 252r) may receive downlink signals from network node 110 or other network nodes 110 and may provide a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to a set of modems 254 (e.g., R modems) (illustrated as modems 254a through 254r). For example, each received signal may be provided to a demodulator component (illustrated as DEMOD) of modem 254. Each modem 254 may use a corresponding demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, or digitize) the received signal to obtain input samples. Each modem 254 may use the demodulator component to further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from modem 254, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and provide detected symbols. The receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, may provide decoded data for the UE 120 to a data sink 260, and may provide decoded control information and system information to a controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor may determine a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, or a CQI parameter, among other parameters. In some examples, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included in a housing 284.

[0062] Devices associated with the vehicle's infotainment system may include a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292. The device may include, be included in, or communicate with a wireless device or other wireless device or network entity integrated in the vehicle via a wireless device integrated in the vehicle.

[0063] One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a to 234t or antennas 252a to 252r) may include or may be included within one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays. An antenna panel, antenna group, set of antenna elements, or antenna array may include one or more antenna elements (in a single housing or multiple housings), a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, or may be coupled to one or more transmit or receive components (such as a Figure 2 One or more antenna elements of one or more components).

[0064] On the uplink, at the UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., for reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, or CQI) from a controller / processor 280. The transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be pre-decoded by a TX MIMO processor 266, where applicable, further processed by a modem 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to the network node 110. In some examples, the modem 254 of the UE 120 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, or a TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., the controller / processor 280) and a memory 282 to perform operations described herein (e.g., with reference to FIG. 1 ). Figures 4 to 14 ) aspects of any process described in the.

[0065] At network node 110, uplink signals from UE 120 or other UEs may be received by antenna 234, processed by modem 232 (e.g., a demodulator component of modem 232, shown as DEMOD), detected by MIMO detector 236, if applicable, and further processed by receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted via UE 120. Receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 and the decoded control information to controller / processor 240. Network node 110 may include a communication unit 244 and may communicate with a network controller via communication unit 244. Network node 110 may include a scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink or uplink communications. In some examples, modem 232 of network node 110 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, network node 110 may include a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 234, modem 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to execute the instructions herein (e.g., reference 242). Figures 4 to 14 ) aspects of any process described in the.

[0066] In some aspects, the controller / processor 280 may be a component of a processing system. A processing system may generally be a system or series of machines or components that receives input and processes the input to produce a set of outputs that may be communicated to other systems or components, such as the UE 120. For example, the processing system of the UE 120 may be a system that includes various other components or subcomponents of the UE 120.

[0067] The processing system of UE 120 may interface with one or more other components of UE 120, process information (such as input or signals) received from one or more other components, or output information to one or more other components. For example, a chip or modem of UE 120 may include a processing system, a first interface for receiving or obtaining information, and a second interface for outputting, transmitting, or providing information. In some examples, the first interface may be an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a receiver, allowing UE 120 to receive information or signal input and transmit the information to the processing system. In some examples, the second interface may be an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a transmitter, allowing UE 120 to transmit information output from the chip or modem. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the second interface may also obtain or receive information or signal input, and the first interface may also output, transmit, or provide information.

[0068] In some aspects, controller / processor 240 may be a component of a processing system. A processing system may generally be a system or series of machines or components that receives input and processes the input to produce a set of outputs that may be passed to other systems or components, such as network node 110. For example, the processing system of network node 110 may be a system that includes various other components or subcomponents of network node 110.

[0069] The processing system of network node 110 may interface with one or more other components of network node 110, process information (such as input or signals) received from one or more other components, or output information to one or more other components. For example, a chip or modem of network node 110 may include a processing system, a first interface for receiving or obtaining information, and a second interface for outputting, transmitting, or providing information. In some examples, the first interface may be an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a receiver, allowing network node 110 to receive information or signal input and transmit information to the processing system. In some examples, the second interface may be an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a transmitter, allowing network node 110 to transmit information output from the chip or modem. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the second interface may also receive or obtain information or signal input, and the first interface may also output, transmit, or provide information.

[0070] As described in more detail elsewhere herein, a controller / processor of a network entity (e.g., controller / processor 240 of network node 110, controller / processor of an access point), controller / processor 280 of UE 120, controller / processor 290 of device 130, or Figure 2 Any other component of may perform one or more techniques associated with selecting a device in a vehicle for communication. In some aspects, the device described herein is device 130, is included in device 130, or includes Figure 2 One or more components of the device 130 shown. In some aspects, the device described herein is a UE 120, is included in a UE 120, coordinates with a UE 120, or includes Figure 2 One or more components of the UE 120 shown. For example, the controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, the controller / processor 290 of the device 130, or Figure 2 Any other component (or combination of components) may perform or direct e.g. Figure 11 Process 1100, Figure 121200 and / or other processes as described herein. Memory 242, memory 282, and memory 292 may store data and program codes for network node 110, UE 120, and device 130, respectively. In some examples, memory 242, memory 282, and memory 292 may include non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions (e.g., code or program code) for wireless communications. For example, the one or more instructions, when executed (e.g., directly or after compilation, translation, or interpretation) by one or more processors of network node 110, UE 120, or device 130, may cause the one or more processors, UE 120, network node 110, or device 130 to perform or direct, for example, Figure 11 Process 1100, Figure 12 The process 1200 and / or operations of other processes as described herein. In some examples, executing instructions may include running instructions, converting instructions, compiling instructions, and / or interpreting instructions, among other things.

[0071] In some aspects, a device (e.g., device 130, UE 120, AP, STA) includes means for receiving an instruction to initiate communication with a network entity; means for selecting a lead device from a plurality of wireless devices for communication with the network entity, the plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated in a vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle; and / or means for initiating communication using the lead device. In some aspects, means for the first wireless device to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the communication manager 140, the antenna 252, the modem 254, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, the transmit processor 264, the TX MIMO processor 266, the controller / processor 280, or the memory 282.

[0072] In some aspects, a network entity (e.g., network node 110, AP) includes components for selecting a lead device in a vehicle for communication between the lead device and the network entity from two or more wireless devices, the two or more wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated in the vehicle and a second wireless device in the vehicle; and / or components for performing communications with the lead device. In some aspects, components for the network entity to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the communication manager 150, the transmit processor 220, the TX MIMO processor 230, the modem 232, the antenna 234, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, the controller / processor 240, the memory 242, or the scheduler 246.

[0073] Although Figure 2The blocks in FIG. 2 are illustrated as distinct components, but the functionality described above with respect to these blocks may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combined component or in various combinations of components. For example, the functionality described with respect to the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and / or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of the controller / processor 280.

[0074] As indicated above, Figure 2 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 2 The examples described are different.

[0075] The deployment of a communication system (such as a 5G NR system) can be arranged in a variety of ways with various components or parts. In a 5G NR system or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of the network, a RAN node, a core network node, a network element, a base station, or network equipment can be implemented in a converged architecture or a disaggregated architecture. For example, a base station (such as a Node B (NB), an evolved NB (eNB), an NR base station, a 5G NB, an access point (AP), a TRP, or a cell, etc.) or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functionality can be implemented as a converged base station (also known as a standalone base station or a single-chip base station) or a disaggregated base station. A "network entity" or "network node" can refer to a disaggregated base station or one or more units of a disaggregated base station (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, one or more RUs, or a combination thereof).

[0076] A converged base station (e.g., a converged network node) can be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit). A decomposed base station (e.g., a decomposed network node) can be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed between two or more units (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs). In some examples, the CU can be implemented within a network node, and one or more DUs can be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, can be geographically or virtually spread across one or more other network nodes. The DU can be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU can also be implemented as a virtual unit, such as a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU), among others.

[0077] Base station type operation or network design may take into account the aggregated nature of base station functionality. For example, a disaggregated base station may be utilized in an IAB network, an open radio access network (O-RAN (such as the network configuration initiated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN)) to facilitate scalability of the communication system by separating base station functionality into one or more independently deployable units. A disaggregated base station may include functionality implemented across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as functionality implemented virtually for at least one unit, which enables flexibility in network design. Each unit of the disaggregated base station may be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit of the disaggregated base station.

[0078] Figure 3 FIG2 is a diagram illustrating an example decomposed base station architecture 300 according to the present disclosure. Decomposed base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310, which may communicate directly with a core network 320 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 320 through one or more decomposed control units (such as a near-RT RIC 325 via an E2 link, a non-RT RIC 315 associated with a service management and orchestration (SMO) framework 305, or both). CU 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via respective midhaul links (such as via an F1 interface). Each of DUs 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via respective fronthaul links. Each of RUs 340 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via respective radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 120 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 340.

[0079] Each of the units (including the CU 310, DU 330, and RU 340), as well as the near-RT RIC 325, the non-RT RIC 315, and the SMO framework 305, may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to the one or more communication interfaces of the corresponding unit, may be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via the transmission medium. In some examples, each of the units may include a wired interface configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more of the other units via the wired transmission medium, and a wireless interface that may include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (such as an RF transceiver) configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more of the other units via the wireless transmission medium, or both.

[0080] In some aspects, the CU 310 may host one or more higher-layer control functions. Such control functions may include radio resource control (RRC) functions, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) functions, or service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) functions, among others. Each control function may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 310. The CU 310 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (e.g., central unit-user plane (CU-UP) functionality), control plane functionality (e.g., central unit-control plane (CU-CP) functionality), or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 310 may be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP units may communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP units via an interface, such as the E1 interface. As needed, the CU 310 may be implemented to communicate with the DU 330 for network control and signaling.

[0081] Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RUs 340. In some aspects, a DU 330 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more higher physical (PHY) layers, at least in part according to a functional split (such as that defined by 3GPP). In some aspects, the one or more higher PHY layers may be implemented by one or more modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, and the like. In some aspects, a DU 330 may also host one or more lower PHY layers, such as those implemented by one or more modules for fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, or physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering. Each layer (which may also be referred to as a module) may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330 or with control functions hosted by the CU 310.

[0082] Each RU 340 may implement lower layer functionality. In some deployments, a RU 340 controlled by a DU 330 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low PHY layer functions, such as performing FFTs, performing iFFTs, digital beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, based on a functional split (e.g., a functional split defined by 3GPP), such as a lower layer functional split. In such an architecture, each RU 340 may be operated to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 120. In some implementations, both real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communications with the RU 340 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 330. In some scenarios, this configuration may enable each DU 330 and CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.

[0083] The SMO framework 305 can be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 305 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (such as the O1 interface). For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 305 can be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as the Open Cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390) to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as the O2 interface). Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, the CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, non-RT RIC 315, and near-RT RIC 325. In some implementations, the SMO framework 305 can communicate with hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as the Open eNB (O-eNB) 311) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO framework 305 can communicate directly with each of the one or more RUs 340 via a corresponding O1 interface. The SMO framework 305 can also include a non-RT RIC 315 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 305.

[0084] The non-RT RIC 315 can be configured to include logic that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updating, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the near-RT RIC 325. The non-RT RIC 315 can be coupled to or in communication with the near-RT RIC 325 (e.g., via an A1 interface). The near-RT RIC 325 can be configured to include logic that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources through data collection and actions via an interface (e.g., via an E2 interface) that connects one or more CUs 310, one or more DUs 330, or both, and the O-eNB with the near-RT RIC 325.

[0085] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 325, the non-RT RIC 315 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. Such information may be utilized by the near-RT RIC 325 and may be received from non-network data sources or from network functions at the SMO framework 305 or the non-RT RIC 315. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 315 or the near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 315 may monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and employ AI / ML models to execute corrective actions through the SMO framework 305 (such as via reconfiguration of the O1 interface) or through the creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 interface policies).

[0086] As indicated above, Figure 3 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 3 The examples described are different.

[0087] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an example 400 of an infotainment system according to the present disclosure.

[0088] Vehicle 402 may include systems that provide various features, such as audio, video, navigation, internet access, or use of other applications. Such systems may provide both information and entertainment and, therefore, may be referred to as "infotainment systems." Infotainment system 404 may include a wireless device 406 integrated into vehicle 402. Wireless device 406 may be located within vehicle 402 and may be part of the vehicle, and, therefore, vehicle 402 may be considered to have telematics. Vehicle 402 may provide power to wireless device 406, provide a user interface for operating wireless device 406, and provide applications or features that utilize wireless device 406. The driver 408 of vehicle 402 may have another wireless device, such as a smartphone 410. Driver 408 may make calls and communicate with other devices via a network entity 412 (e.g., a base station), which may be part of a wireless network. Passengers 414 in vehicle 402 may also have smartphones 416 that can communicate with the network entity.

[0089] Wireless device 406 integrated into vehicle 402 may detect that driver's smartphone 410 and passenger's smartphone 416 are associated with vehicle 402. A wireless device may be associated with vehicle 402 if it is located in vehicle 402, connected to vehicle 402 (e.g., via a wireless connection or a wired connection), provides notifications to wireless device 406, or is preconfigured to associate with a system of vehicle 402.

[0090] Although the driver's smartphone 410 can communicate with the network entity 412, the communication link 418 between the driver's smartphone 410 and the network entity 412 may not be an optimal communication link in terms of quality, speed, and / or reliability. For example, the wireless device 406 or the passenger's smartphone 416 may provide a better or less expensive communication link to the network entity 412 than the driver's smartphone 410. Using a non-optimal communication link may waste power, money, processing resources, and signaling resources.

[0091] According to various aspects described herein, when driver 408 initiates communication via driver's smartphone 410 or a user interface of vehicle 402, a device that is part of the infotainment system or coordinated with the infotainment system and wireless device 406 may select a lead device from wireless device 406, the driver's wireless device (driver's smartphone 410), and any passenger wireless devices (e.g., passenger smartphone 416). In example 400, the lead device is wireless device 406. The lead device may establish communication links (e.g., link 420 and link 422) with network entity 412 and communicate using the communication links. The lead device may be selected based at least in part on the pricing, link quality, speed, and / or capabilities of the wireless devices. For example, the driver's smartphone may have a higher communication subscription pricing than wireless device 406, or the quality of link 422 may be greater than the quality of link 418. In some aspects, network entity 412 may select the lead device based at least in part on information about the wireless devices in the vehicle. By selecting a dominant device that provides a better and / or less expensive communication link, the wireless device in the vehicle saves power, money, processing resources, and / or signaling resources.

[0092] As indicated above, Figure 4 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 4 The examples described are different.

[0093] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 associated with selecting a master device according to the present disclosure. Figure 5 As shown, a network entity 510 (e.g., network node 110) can communicate with a UE 520 (e.g., UE 120) integrated into a vehicle 502 and any other wireless devices in the vehicle 502, such as driver UE 530, passenger UE 540, and passenger UE 550. The UEs can communicate using a wireless network (e.g., wireless network 100). The UE 520 can include, be included in, or coordinate with a device (e.g., device 130) of the infotainment system of the vehicle 502. In example 500, the UE 520 includes such a device.

[0094] As indicated by reference numeral 552, the network entity 510 may obtain information regarding wireless devices in the vehicle 502. For example, the integrated UE 520 may detect wireless devices associated with the vehicle. This may include requesting and receiving information from the wireless devices in the vehicle. The driver UE 530, the passenger UE 540, and / or the passenger UE 550 may be pre-configured (e.g., registered, paired) with the infotainment system (e.g., infotainment system 404) of the vehicle 502. The integrated UE 520 may send information regarding the wireless devices in the vehicle 502 to the network entity 510. The network entity 510 may also detect the presence of wireless devices in the vehicle 502 via network operations or communications.

[0095] Driver UE 530 (or passenger UE) may initiate a phone call, and integrated UE 520 may select the lead device for communication via network entity 510. As indicated by reference numeral 554, driver UE 530 may initiate communication (e.g., a phone call). As indicated by reference numeral 556, driver UE 530 may send a message (e.g., an instruction) for communicating with network entity 510. For example, driver UE 530 may indicate a number to call (e.g., by looking up a contact stored in the system). Driver UE 530 may have the capability to coordinate communications with integrated UE 520 and may be configured to coordinate communications with the integrated UE. The driver may also use the user interface of the infotainment system (e.g., by selecting a contact to call via a touchscreen, pressing a button on the steering wheel, or speaking into the infotainment system).

[0096] As indicated by reference numeral 558, the integrated UE 520 may select a lead device for communication with the network entity 510. The integrated UE 520 may select the lead device based at least in part on one or more factors, such as pricing for the integrated UE 520, pricing for the driver UE 530, pricing for the passenger UE 540, and pricing for the passenger UE 550. For example, the integrated UE 520 may compare current prices per minute (e.g., for voice) or per megabyte (e.g., for data or Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)) and / or other current pricing considerations. Based on location, a user may incur roaming charges on one device, while another device from another user may not. Different devices may incur different pricing based on the time of day. Usage-based plans or unlimited plans may be available, with unlimited usage plans potentially being preferred over plans based on a monthly quota. User-configurable settings may also be available. For example, a user may define considerations for which device to use, such as "select device A until the monthly quota reaches 80% of the quota, then select device B if its quota falls below a threshold." The integrated UE 520 may also select a specific device whenever it is available.

[0097] Another factor may include the link quality (e.g., signal strength, reliability, frequency band) of the integrated UE 520, the link quality of the driver UE 530, the link quality of the passenger UE 540, and the link quality of the passenger UE 550. For example, the integrated UE 520 may compare the link budgets of the candidate devices and select the best device based at least in part on antenna gain, internal antennas versus external antennas (penetration loss), number of antennas, device noise figure, device power amplifier, and / or transmit power. Parameter-based decisions may involve normalized signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), bit error rate, measurements across devices, RSRP, and / or network load information from the operator (e.g., a set of frequency bands may be currently underutilized and selected to help optimize network efficiency).

[0098] Factors may include the capabilities of the integrated UE 520 (e.g., performance, antenna configuration, radio, processing power, battery power, specifications, location), the capabilities of the driver UE 530, the capabilities of the passenger UE 540, and the capabilities of the passenger UE 550. For example, the integrated UE 520 may compare technology capabilities, such as comparing 4G devices to 5G devices, comparing frequency band support of candidate devices, and / or comparing the maximum data rate of each candidate device.

[0099] In some aspects, the integrated UE 520 may poll all eligible wireless devices associated with the vehicle 502. For example, if pricing is a criterion for decision making, each wireless device connected to the infotainment system may be polled to inquire whether the wireless device qualifies for use (e.g., whether the device is currently idle and available for making a call), whether the wireless device shares a pricing plan or subscription with the primary user (e.g., driver UE 530, passenger UE 540), what pricing option is selected for the call, and / or other factors (e.g., current usage, monthly quota). The integrated UE 520 may select a lead device as the best device for initiating the call. For example, the integrated UE 520 may select the wireless device with the lowest pricing plan among all candidate devices, select a wireless device with an unlimited plan rather than a plan with a monthly limit, and / or select the wireless device with the lowest usage of the user's monthly limit.

[0100] In some aspects, the integrated UE 520 may utilize one or more machine learning models. An application resident on the integrated UE 520 may store a log of call quality and reliability for different historical routes frequently taken by the user (e.g., driving from home to work or school, common trips, and commonly used roads). This information can be input into a machine learning model to predict which device can best handle the type of communication along a particular route. The machine learning model can be trained and / or executed at the infotainment system or network level. When the driver is driving and initiates a call, the integrated UE 520 can predict and consider the route taken when selecting the lead device. The integrated UE 520 can determine route information from the infotainment system's navigation system, a navigation application on the driver's UE 530, or machine learning based on the driver's habits (e.g., route, time of day, scheduled activities). The integrated UE 520 may select the wireless device that provides the best call quality and / or the highest reliability score. Furthermore, this information can be updated during the call. Different wireless devices may have different quality and / or reliability scores along different sections of the route. If the predicted reliability changes during the route, another wireless device may provide a higher score. The integrated UE 520 may select the device as the lead device. This may include handing over the call.

[0101] As shown at 560, integrated UE 520 may initiate communication with network entity 510 (e.g., start a call to a contact). As shown at 562, integrated UE 520 may indicate the selected lead device to driver UE 530, causing driver UE 530 to hang up and initiate or continue the call with integrated UE 520. As shown at 564, network entity 510 may communicate using the selected lead device, which is integrated UE 520. This communication may be terminated via the user interface or driver UE 530. Other applications may include video calling, file downloading, navigation, sidelink communication, V2V communication (e.g., communication via a bend in another vehicle), V2X communication, or other activities. In some aspects, integrated UE 520 may select another wireless device as the lead device, such as passenger UE 540 or passenger UE 550. This may include establishing a communication link between integrated UE 520 and the selected passenger UE.

[0102] In some aspects, selecting the dominant device may include receiving a user selection of the dominant device from a user interface of the infotainment system. For example, the infotainment system may display a list of options and criteria for the dominant devices to be considered, and the user may then select the dominant device (e.g., using the driver UE 530 if it is the cheapest, or using the integrated UE 520 if it is the most reliable).

[0103] As indicated above, Figure 5 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 5 The examples described are different.

[0104] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating another example 600 associated with selecting a master device according to the present disclosure. Figure 5 In example 500, the lead device is selected, but in example 600, the network entity 510 may select the lead device.

[0105] Example 600 differs from example 500 in that the driver UE 530 sends the instruction (reference numeral 556). As shown at reference numeral 602, the integrated UE 520 may send an instruction for communication instead of selecting a master device. As shown at reference numeral 604, the network entity 510 may select a master device to communicate with the network entity 510. The network entity 510 may select a master device based at least in part on the combination of Figure 5 The network entity 510 may also have information about which device can provide the best and / or cheapest communication link. In example 600, the network entity 510 has selected the passenger UE 540 to handle the communication.

[0106] In some aspects, a wireless device associated with vehicle 502 may have a better device configuration and provide lower transmit power (and therefore lower interference) than another wireless device. For example, an integrated UE 520 may have an external, higher-gain antenna compared to a smartphone inside a car with a lower-gain antenna (which suffers from penetration loss). The integrated UE 520 may have a modem that reduces network interference and makes the network more efficient (e.g., better able to handle more calls, providing a better data experience).

[0107] As shown at 606, the network entity 510 may indicate the selected lead device to the driver UE 530 (if the driver UE 530 initiated the communication) and the selected lead device, which is the passenger UE 540. As shown at 608, the passenger UE 540 may handle the communication with the network entity 510.

[0108] As indicated above, Figure 6 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 6 The examples described are different.

[0109] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating an example 700 of an infotainment system handing over a call according to the present disclosure.

[0110] In some aspects, the integrated UE 520 may determine that an existing communication (e.g., a phone call) can be handed off to another wireless device. For example, if the call quality of the communication degrades via the integrated UE 520, the integrated UE 520 may hand off the call to another wireless device and another communication link. The driver UE 530 may initiate a new call, wherein the transition to the new call is transparent to the user.

[0111] In some aspects, the call handover can be similar to a handover using Voice Call Continuity (VCC). The handover can be between a cellular radio and Wi-Fi within the same device (e.g., within the integrated UE 520). The handover can be performed based at least in part on mobility and / or cell changes. For example, when entering a roaming area, the cost of the link may increase.

[0112] In some aspects, the network entity 510 may complete the call setup and simultaneously run a query to see if additional candidate devices are available and better suited to handle the call. If the call is made via the driver UE 530, the network entity 510 may detect other candidate devices, including the integrated UE 520. The network entity 510 may determine whether the integrated UE 520 is online and in the same serving cell as the driver UE 530. The network entity 510 may determine whether a particular wireless device is available by locating or contacting it. The network entity 510 may then hand the call over to the more suitable wireless device.

[0113] Existing wireless devices, such as routers, may currently offer the ability to aggregate data across more than one modem (e.g., routers that provide both a cable or fiber optic cable modem and a cellular modem). Multiple modems provide the ability to aggregate services and greater reliability (e.g., if one modem fails, a second modem may still be available). An alternative implementation may involve routers placed within the wireless network, with applications resident on each device performing the aggregation. In some aspects, simultaneous use of two communication links can improve calls (e.g., higher signal strength, higher reliability). The integrated UE 520 can switch between two analog outputs for transmission to a speaker or a combined analog output. Switching can include selecting a new dominant device, establishing a communication link with the new dominant device, and terminating the communication link to the old dominant device. In some aspects, the integrated UE 520 can periodically evaluate the quality of frames from each communication link and select the best frame for transmission to the end user. A communication link can be selected for each frame or group of frames.

[0114] A request to download content can be received at a wireless network router that coordinates with a content server to provide data. The router can also distribute the content to different devices aggregated at the user end. Additional software on each of the devices can be alerted to receive the data and can be instructed to transmit the data to the destination device. The device software can also combine the different pieces of data.

[0115] As indicated above, Figure 7 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 7 The examples described are different.

[0116] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating an example 800 of link switching according to the present disclosure.

[0117] Example 800 illustrates that traffic may be switched between two communication links for uplink traffic and / or downlink traffic. To improve call reliability, the integrated UE 520 may maintain two active links and switch between the two active links to optimize call quality and reliability, with traffic being transmitted over one link at a time.

[0118] Edge servers help offload some processing and data storage from wireless devices or network entities. In some aspects, edge servers can handle some processing or decision-making for link switching. For example, the edge server can instruct the infotainment system (integrated with UE 520) when to switch inputs or links based at least in part on one or more factors. These factors may include pricing, signaling strength, capabilities, traffic conditions, channel conditions, and / or energy conservation. Switching can apply to inputs or links in either the uplink or downlink direction.

[0119] As indicated above, Figure 8 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 8 The examples described are different.

[0120] Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating an example 900 of link aggregation according to the present disclosure.

[0121] Example 900 shows that depending on data rate and / or reliability, multiple devices can perform link aggregation on multiple communication links. The integrated UE 520 can select multiple leading devices and help establish communication links. The application server can divide the video into segments and determine which segments to transmit on which link.

[0122] For example, if a driver or passenger in a vehicle requests a movie (e.g., a large video file), the video download may involve the large file being split into multiple files across multiple links. Each smaller file can be sent over a separate link. For example, the integrated UE 520 can download file 1 of the video download, the driver UE 530 can download file 2, and the passenger UE 540 can download file 3. The infotainment system (e.g., a video application) can coordinate with the device to combine file 1, file 2, and file 3 into a complete, larger file for the video download.

[0123] Wireless devices can be aggregated based, at least in part, on various factors. Devices in vehicle 502 may share a pricing plan that provides device aggregation or may subscribe to a service that features device aggregation. Applications that offer this feature may allow users to contribute a portion of their wireless device for use by others. Alternatively, wireless devices may benefit from leveraging other wireless devices for services. The wireless devices may all be in the same vehicle or in different vehicles traveling alongside one another. Vehicles from a common manufacturer (e.g., a phone or car manufacturer) may be motivated to offer this service as a customer benefit. Phones from the same carrier may share in consumer benefits and network optimization opportunities. Integrated UE 520 can leverage underutilized devices and frequency bands to quickly clear download requests and free up resources for new requests.

[0124] As indicated above, Figure 9 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 9 The examples described are different.

[0125] Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating an example 1000 of messaging multiple devices in a vehicle according to the present disclosure.

[0126] In some aspects, if an emergency message (e.g., to apply the brakes) is to be sent to vehicle 502 with high reliability, a wireless device external to vehicle 502 (e.g., network entity 510) can send the emergency message over multiple communication links to multiple wireless devices associated with the vehicle, rather than just one device. The emergency message can be broadcast to all vehicles and devices in the area. The emergency message can be sent directly from another vehicle, a pedestrian, or another device. The increased reliability means that no additional time is required to resend the emergency message. For example, network entity 510 can send the emergency message to integrated UE 520, driver UE 530, and passenger UE 540. In this way, the driver (or vehicle 502) can act on the emergency message more promptly, thereby improving safety.

[0127] As indicated above, Figure 10 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 10 The examples described are different.

[0128] Figure 11 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1100, for example, performed by a device, according to the present disclosure. Example process 1100 is an example in which a device (eg, device 130, UE 120, integrated UE 520, STA, AP) performs operations associated with selecting a wireless device in a vehicle for communication.

[0129] like Figure 11 As shown, in some aspects, process 1100 may include receiving an instruction to initiate communication with a network entity (block 1110). For example, a device (e.g., using Figure 13 Depicted receiving component 1302 and / or communication manager 1306) can receive instructions for initiating communications with a network entity, as described above.

[0130] like Figure 11 As further shown, in some aspects, process 1100 may include selecting a lead device from a plurality of wireless devices for communication with a network entity, the plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated into a vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle (block 1120). For example, the first wireless device (e.g., using Figure 13 The communication manager 1306 is depicted as selecting a lead device for the communication with the network entity from a plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated in a vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle, as described above.

[0131] like Figure 11 As further shown, in some aspects, process 1100 may include initiating communication using a lead device (block 1130). For example, a first wireless device (e.g., using Figure 13 The communication manager 1306 is depicted as initiating communications using the lead device, as described above.

[0132] Process 1100 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0133] In a first aspect, receiving the instruction includes receiving the instruction in a message from the second wireless device.

[0134] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, receiving the instruction includes receiving the instruction via a user interface of the vehicle.

[0135] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, process 1100 includes detecting a third wireless device in a vehicle that is capable of serving as a lead device, wherein selecting the lead device includes selecting the lead device from the first wireless device, the second wireless device, and the third wireless device.

[0136] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, initiating communication includes establishing a communication link between the first wireless device and a network entity.

[0137] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, initiating communication comprises sending a message to the second wireless device indicating that the first wireless device is to establish a communication link.

[0138] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the plurality of wireless devices includes a third wireless device detected as associated with a vehicle, and initiating communication includes establishing a communication link between the third wireless device located in the vehicle and a network entity.

[0139] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, initiating communication includes sending a message to the second wireless device and the third wireless device indicating that the third wireless device will establish a communication link.

[0140] In an eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to seven, the communication is associated with a voice call, a video call, downloading an audio file or a video file, a navigation application, or information sent to or received from a wireless device in another vehicle.

[0141] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the communication includes a handover to another communication link.

[0142] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, selecting the lead device comprises selecting the lead device based at least in part on pricing associated with the first wireless device and pricing associated with the second wireless device.

[0143] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, selecting the lead device includes selecting the lead device based at least in part on a signal strength of the first wireless device and a signal strength of the second wireless device.

[0144] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, selecting the lead device comprises selecting the lead device based at least in part on capabilities of the first wireless device and capabilities of the second wireless device.

[0145] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, selecting the lead device comprises selecting the lead device based at least in part on machine learning information about historical routes associated with one or more of the first wireless device or the second wireless device.

[0146] In a fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of aspects 1 to thirteen, process 1100 comprises switching between a first communication link between a first wireless device and a network entity and a second communication link between a second wireless device and the network entity, wherein switching between the first communication link and the second communication link comprises selecting a new dominant device.

[0147] In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourteenth aspects, process 1100 includes performing carrier aggregation using a first communication link between a first wireless device and a network entity and a second communication link between a second wireless device and the network entity.

[0148] In a sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to fifteen, process 1100 includes performing link aggregation using a first communication link between a first wireless device and a network entity, a second communication link between a second wireless device and the network entity, and a third communication link between a third wireless device in a vehicle and the network entity.

[0149] In a seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixteenth aspects, process 1100 comprises receiving a message from a network entity indicating a lead device to be selected, wherein selecting the lead device comprises selecting the lead device based at least in part on the message.

[0150] although Figure 11 Example blocks of process 1100 are shown, but in some aspects, process 1100 may include Figure 11 The blocks depicted may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged differently than those depicted. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1100 may be performed in parallel.

[0151] Figure 12is a diagram illustrating an example process 1200, for example, performed by a network entity, according to the present disclosure. Example process 1200 is an example in which a network entity (eg, network node 110, network entity 510, AP) performs operations associated with selecting a wireless device in a vehicle for communication.

[0152] like Figure 12 As shown, in some aspects, process 1200 may include selecting a lead device in a vehicle from a plurality of wireless devices for communication between the lead device and a network entity, the plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated in the vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle (block 1210). For example, the network entity (e.g., using Figure 14 The communication manager 1406 depicted may select a lead device in a vehicle from a plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated in the vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle for communication between the lead device and a network entity, as described above.

[0153] like Figure 12 As further shown, in some aspects, process 1200 may include performing communications with a master device (block 1220). For example, a network entity (e.g., using Figure 14 The depicted communication manager 1406 may perform communications with the lead device, as described above.

[0154] Process 1200 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0155] In a first aspect, selecting a lead device includes selecting the lead device based at least in part on initiation of communication by the first wireless device or the second wireless device.

[0156] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, process 1200 includes detecting a third wireless device in a vehicle capable of serving as a lead device, wherein selecting the lead device includes selecting the lead device from the first wireless device, the second wireless device, and the third wireless device.

[0157] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, process 1200 includes sending an emergency message to a first wireless device, a second wireless device, and a third wireless device.

[0158] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, process 1200 includes sending a message to a first wireless device indicating that the lead device is to perform communications with a network entity.

[0159] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, selecting the lead device includes selecting the lead device based at least in part on pricing of the first wireless device and pricing of the second wireless device.

[0160] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, selecting the lead device includes selecting the lead device based at least in part on a signal strength of the first wireless device and a signal strength of the second wireless device.

[0161] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, selecting the lead device comprises selecting the lead device based at least in part on capabilities of the first wireless device and capabilities of the second wireless device.

[0162] although Figure 12 Example blocks of process 1200 are shown, but in some aspects, process 1200 may include Figure 12 The blocks depicted may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged in a different manner than those depicted. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1200 may be performed in parallel.

[0163] Figure 13 1 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1300 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Apparatus 1300 may be a wireless device (e.g., device 130, UE 120, STA, AP), or a wireless device may include apparatus 1300. In some aspects, apparatus 1300 includes a receiving component 1302, a sending component 1304, and / or a communication manager 1306, which may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). In some aspects, communication manager 1306 is in conjunction with Figure 1 The described communication manager 140 or 160. As shown, the device 1300 can communicate with another device 1308, such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, DU, RU, or base station), using a receiving component 1302 and a sending component 1304.

[0164] In some aspects, the apparatus 1300 may be configured to perform Figures 1 to 10 Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1300 may be configured to perform one or more of the processes described herein, such as Figure 11 The process 1100. In some aspects, Figure 13 The device 1300 and / or one or more components shown may include a combination of Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, one or more components of the wireless device described. Figure 13One or more of the components shown may be combined Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in a set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code that are stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and can be executed by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0165] Receive component 1302 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from device 1308. Receive component 1302 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1300. In some aspects, receive component 1302 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of device 1300. In some aspects, receive component 1302 may include processing the received communications in conjunction with Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof, of the described wireless devices.

[0166] The transmitting component 1304 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1308. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1300 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmitting component 1304 for transmission to the apparatus 1308. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1304 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1308. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1304 may include a combination of Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described wireless devices. In some aspects, the transmit component 1304 can be co-located with the receive component 1302 in a transceiver.

[0167] The communications manager 1306 can support the operation of the receiving component 1302 and / or the sending component 1304. For example, the communications manager 1306 can receive information associated with configuring the receipt of communications by the receiving component 1302 and / or the sending of communications by the sending component 1304. Additionally or alternatively, the communications manager 1306 can generate and / or provide control information to the receiving component 1302 and / or the sending component 1304 to control the receipt and / or sending of communications.

[0168] Receiving component 1302 can receive an instruction to initiate communication with a network entity. Communication manager 1306 can select a lead device from a plurality of wireless devices for use in the communication with the network entity, the plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated into a vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle. Communication manager 1306 can initiate communication using the lead device.

[0169] The communication manager 1306 can detect a third wireless device in the vehicle that is capable of serving as a lead device, wherein selecting the lead device includes selecting the lead device from among the first wireless device, the second wireless device, and the third wireless device.

[0170] The communication manager 1306 may switch between a first communication link between the first wireless device and the network entity and a second communication link between the second wireless device and the network entity, wherein switching between the first communication link and the second communication link includes selecting a new lead device.

[0171] The communication manager 1306 may perform carrier aggregation using a first communication link between a first wireless device and a network entity and a second communication link between a second wireless device and the network entity.

[0172] Receiving component 1302 can receive a message from a network entity indicating a lead device to be selected, wherein selecting the lead device includes selecting the lead device based at least in part on the message.

[0173] Figure 13 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as examples. In practice, there may be Figure 13 The components shown may include additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner than those shown. Figure 13 Two or more components shown may be implemented in a single component, or Figure 13 The single component shown may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 13 The illustrated set (one or more) of components executable is described as being comprised of Figure 13 Another group of components is shown performing one or more functions.

[0174] Figure 141 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1400 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Apparatus 1400 may be a network entity (e.g., network node 110, AP), or a network entity may include apparatus 1400. In some aspects, apparatus 1400 includes a receiving component 1402, a sending component 1404, and / or a communication manager 1406, which may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). In some aspects, communication manager 1406 is a communication manager that is configured to communicate with one another. Figure 1 The described communication manager 150. As shown, the device 1400 can communicate with another device 1408, such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, DU, RU, or base station), using a receiving component 1402 and a sending component 1404.

[0175] In some aspects, the apparatus 1400 may be configured to perform Figures 1 to 10 Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1400 may be configured to perform one or more of the processes described herein, such as Figure 12 The process 1200. In some aspects, Figure 14 The device 1400 and / or one or more components shown may include a combination of Figure 2 One or more components of the described network entity. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 14 One or more of the components shown may be combined Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in a set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code that are stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and can be executed by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0176] Receive component 1402 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from device 1408. Receive component 1402 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1400. In some aspects, receive component 1402 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of device 1400. In some aspects, receive component 1402 may include processing the received communications in conjunction with Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described network entities.

[0177] The transmitting component 1404 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1408. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1400 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmitting component 1404 for transmission to the apparatus 1408. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1404 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1408. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1404 may include a combination of Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described network entities. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1404 can be co-located with the receiving component 1402 in a transceiver.

[0178] The communications manager 1406 can support the operation of the receiving component 1402 and / or the sending component 1404. For example, the communications manager 1406 can receive information associated with configuring the receipt of communications by the receiving component 1402 and / or the sending of communications by the sending component 1404. Additionally or alternatively, the communications manager 1406 can generate and / or provide control information to the receiving component 1402 and / or the sending component 1404 to control the receipt and / or sending of communications.

[0179] The communication manager 1406 may select a lead device in a vehicle from a plurality of wireless devices, including a first wireless device integrated in the vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle, for communication between the lead device and a network entity. The communication manager 1406 may perform communication with the lead device.

[0180] The communication manager 1406 can detect a third wireless device in the vehicle that is capable of serving as a lead device, wherein selecting the lead device includes selecting the lead device from among the first wireless device, the second wireless device, and the third wireless device.

[0181] The sending component 1404 can send the emergency message to the first wireless device, the second wireless device, and the third wireless device.The sending component 1404 can send a message to the first wireless device indicating that the lead device will perform communications with the network entity.

[0182] Figure 14 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as examples. In practice, there may be Figure 14 The components shown may include additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner than those shown. Figure 14 Two or more components shown may be implemented in a single component, or Figure 14 The single component shown may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 14 The illustrated set (one or more) of components executable is described as being comprised of Figure 14 Another group of components is shown performing one or more functions.

[0183] While the foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the various aspects.

[0184] The following provides an overview of some aspects of the disclosure:

[0185] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a device, the method comprising: receiving an instruction to initiate communication with a network entity; selecting a lead device from a plurality of wireless devices to use for the communication with the network entity, the plurality of wireless devices comprising a first wireless device integrated in a vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle; and initiating the communication using the lead device.

[0186] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein receiving the instruction comprises receiving the instruction in a message from the second wireless device.

[0187] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 2, wherein receiving the instruction comprises receiving the instruction via a user interface of the vehicle.

[0188] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 3 further includes detecting a third wireless device in the vehicle that can serve as a master device, wherein selecting the master device includes selecting the master device from the first wireless device, the second wireless device, and the third wireless device.

[0189] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 4, wherein initiating the communication comprises establishing a communication link between the first wireless device and the network entity.

[0190] Aspect 6: The method of aspect 5, wherein initiating the communication comprises sending a message to the second wireless device indicating that the first wireless device will establish the communication link.

[0191] Aspect 7: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein the plurality of wireless devices includes a third wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle, and wherein initiating the communication includes establishing a communication link between the third wireless device located in the vehicle and the network entity.

[0192] Aspect 8: The method of aspect 7, wherein initiating the communication comprises sending a message to the second wireless device and the third wireless device indicating that the third wireless device will establish the communication link.

[0193] Aspect 9: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 8, wherein the communication is associated with a voice call, a video call, downloading an audio file or a video file, a navigation application, or information sent to or received from a wireless device in another vehicle.

[0194] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 9, wherein the communication comprises a handover to another communication link.

[0195] Aspect 11: The method of any one of aspects 1 to 10, wherein selecting the lead device comprises selecting the lead device based at least in part on pricing associated with the first wireless device and pricing associated with the second wireless device.

[0196] Aspect 12: The method of any one of aspects 1 to 11, wherein selecting the lead device comprises selecting the lead device based at least in part on a signal strength of the first wireless device and a signal strength of the second wireless device.

[0197] Aspect 13: The method of any one of aspects 1 to 12, wherein selecting the lead device comprises selecting the lead device based at least in part on capabilities of the first wireless device and capabilities of the second wireless device.

[0198] Aspect 14: The method of any one of Aspects 1 to 13, wherein selecting the lead device comprises selecting the lead device based at least in part on machine learning information about historical routes associated with one or more of the first wireless device or the second wireless device.

[0199] Aspect 15: According to any one of Aspects 1 to 14, the method also includes switching between a first communication link between the first wireless device and the network entity and a second communication link between the second wireless device and the network entity, wherein switching between the first communication link and the second communication link includes selecting a new dominant device.

[0200] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 15, further comprising performing carrier aggregation using a first communication link between the first wireless device and the network entity and a second communication link between the second wireless device and the network entity.

[0201] Aspect 17: According to any one of Aspects 1 to 16, the method also includes performing link aggregation using a first communication link between the first wireless device and the network entity, a second communication link between the second wireless device and the network entity, and a third communication link between a third wireless device in the vehicle and the network entity.

[0202] Aspect 18: The method of any one of aspects 1 to 17, further comprising receiving a message from the network entity indicating the lead device to be selected, wherein selecting the lead device comprises selecting the lead device based at least in part on the message.

[0203] Aspect 19: A method of wireless communication performed by a network entity, the method comprising: selecting a dominant device in a vehicle from a plurality of wireless devices for communication between the dominant device and the network entity, the plurality of wireless devices comprising a first wireless device integrated in the vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle; and performing the communication with the dominant device.

[0204] Aspect 20: The method of aspect 19, wherein selecting the lead device comprises selecting the lead device based at least in part on initiation of the communication by the first wireless device or the second wireless device.

[0205] Aspect 21: The method according to any one of Aspects 19 to 20, further comprising detecting a third wireless device in the vehicle that can serve as the dominant device, wherein selecting the dominant device comprises selecting the dominant device from among the first wireless device, the second wireless device, and the third wireless device.

[0206] Aspect 22: The method according to aspect 21, further comprising sending an emergency message to the first wireless device, the second wireless device, and the third wireless device.

[0207] Aspect 23: The method according to any one of aspects 19 to 22, further comprising sending a message to the first wireless device indicating that the lead device will perform the communication with the network entity.

[0208] Aspect 24: The method of any one of aspects 19 to 23, wherein selecting the lead device comprises selecting the lead device based at least in part on pricing of the first wireless device and pricing of the second wireless device.

[0209] Aspect 25: The method of any one of aspects 19 to 24, wherein selecting the lead device comprises selecting the lead device based at least in part on a signal strength of the first wireless device and a signal strength of the second wireless device.

[0210] Aspect 26: The method of any one of aspects 19 to 25, wherein selecting the lead device comprises selecting the lead device based at least in part on capabilities of the first wireless device and capabilities of the second wireless device.

[0211] Aspect 27: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to one or more of Aspects 1 to 26.

[0212] Aspect 28: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising: a memory and one or more processors, the one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to perform the method according to one or more aspects of aspects 1 to 26.

[0213] Aspect 29: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 26.

[0214] Aspect 30: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more aspects of aspects 1 to 26.

[0215] Aspect 31: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform a method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 26.

[0216] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly interpreted as hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. As used herein, a processor is implemented in hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. As used herein, the phrase "based on" is intended to be broadly interpreted as "based at least in part on." As used herein, depending on the context, "satisfying a threshold" may refer to a value being greater than a threshold, greater than or equal to a threshold, less than a threshold, less than or equal to a threshold, equal to a threshold, not equal to a threshold, and so on. As used herein, a phrase referring to "at least one of" a list of items refers to any combination of those items (including a single member). As an example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to cover: a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c.

[0217] In addition, as used herein, the articles "a" and "an" are intended to include one or more items and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In addition, as used herein, the article "said" is intended to include one or more items connected to the article "said" and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In addition, as used herein, the terms "set" and "group" are intended to include one or more items (e.g., related items, unrelated items, or a combination of related and unrelated items) and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". If only one item is intended to be referred to, the phrase "only one" or similar terms will be used. Moreover, as used herein, the term "having" and similar terms are intended to be open terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., an element "comprising" A may also contain B). In addition, as used herein, the term "or" is intended to be inclusive when used in a sequence and can be used interchangeably with "and / or", unless otherwise expressly stated (e.g., when used in conjunction with "any one of" or "only one of").

[0218] The various illustrative logics, logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithmic processes described in conjunction with the various aspects disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. The interchangeability of hardware and software has been generally described in terms of functionality and exemplified in the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and processes described herein. Whether such functionality is implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0219] The hardware and data processing apparatus for implementing the various illustrative logic components, logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the various aspects disclosed herein may be implemented or executed using a general-purpose single-chip or multi-chip processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, a combination of one or more microprocessors and a DSP core, or any other such configuration. In some aspects, specific processes and methods may be performed by circuits dedicated to a given function.

[0220] In one or more aspects, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, digital electronic circuitry, computer software, firmware, including the structures disclosed in this specification and their structural equivalents, or any combination thereof. Aspects of the subject matter described in this specification may also be implemented as one or more computer programs (such as one or more modules of computer program instructions) encoded on computer storage media for execution by, or to control the operation of, data processing apparatus.

[0221] If implemented in software, the functionality may be stored as one or more instructions or codes on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium. The processes of the methods or algorithms disclosed herein may be implemented in a processor-executable software module that may reside on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include both computer storage media and communication media, including any medium that enables the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Storage media can be any available medium that a computer can access. By way of example and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electronically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), compact disc ROM (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that is accessible to a computer. Furthermore, any connection may be appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. As used herein, the terms "disk" and "disc" include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, with disks typically reproducing data magnetically while discs use lasers to reproduce data optically. Combinations of the media described herein should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media. Additionally, the operations of a method or algorithm may reside on a machine-readable medium or computer-readable medium as a code and instruction set, or any combination of code and instruction sets, which may be incorporated into a computer program product.

[0222] Various modifications to the aspects described in this disclosure may be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein but are to be accorded the widest scope consistent with this disclosure, the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0223] Additionally, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the terms "upper" and "lower" are sometimes used for ease of describing the drawings and indicate relative positions corresponding to the orientation of the drawings on a correctly oriented page and may not reflect the correct orientation of any device as implemented.

[0224] Certain features described in this specification in the context of separate aspects may also be implemented in combination in a single aspect. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single aspect may also be implemented in multiple aspects individually or in any suitable subcombination. Furthermore, while features may be described as functioning in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination may in some cases be omitted from that combination, and a claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variations of a subcombination.

[0225] Similarly, although operations are depicted in a particular order in the accompanying drawings, this should not be understood as requiring such operations to be performed in the particular order shown or in a sequential order, or to perform all illustrated operations to achieve the desired result. In addition, the accompanying drawings may schematically depict one or more example processes in the form of flow charts. However, other operations not depicted may be incorporated into the schematically illustrated example processes. For example, one or more additional operations may be performed before, after, simultaneously with, or between any of the illustrated operations. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing are advantageous. In addition, the separation of various system components in the various aspects described should not be understood as requiring such separation in all aspects, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single software product or packaged into multiple software products. Additionally, other aspects also fall within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions recited in the claims may be performed in different orders and still achieve the desired result.

Claims

1. A device, comprising: Memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory and configured to: receiving an instruction to initiate communication with a network entity; selecting a lead device from a plurality of wireless devices for said communication with said network entity, said plurality of wireless devices comprising a first wireless device integrated in a vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with said vehicle; and The communication is initiated using the master device. 2 . The device of claim 1 , wherein to receive the instruction, the one or more processors are configured to receive the instruction in a message from the second wireless device. 3 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein to receive the instruction, the one or more processors are configured to receive the instruction via a user interface of the vehicle.

4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors are configured to detect a third wireless device in the vehicle that is capable of serving as a lead device, and wherein to select the lead device, the one or more processors are configured to select the lead device from among the first wireless device, the second wireless device, and the third wireless device.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein to initiate the communication, the one or more processors are configured to establish a communication link between the first wireless device and the network entity.

6. The device of claim 5, wherein to initiate the communication, the one or more processors are configured to send a message to the second wireless device indicating that the first wireless device will establish the communication link.

7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of wireless devices includes a third wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle, and wherein to initiate the communication, the one or more processors are configured to establish a communication link between the third wireless device located in the vehicle and the network entity.

8. The device of claim 7, wherein to initiate the communication, the one or more processors are configured to send a message to the second wireless device and the third wireless device indicating that the third wireless device will establish the communication link.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein the communication is associated with a voice call, a video call, downloading an audio or video file, a navigation application, or information sent to or received from a wireless device in another vehicle.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the communication comprises a handover to another communication link.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein to select the lead device, the one or more processors are configured to select the lead device based at least in part on pricing associated with the first wireless device and pricing associated with the second wireless device.

12. The device of claim 1, wherein to select the lead device, the one or more processors are configured to select the lead device based at least in part on a signal strength of the first wireless device and a signal strength of the second wireless device.

13. The device of claim 1, wherein to select the lead device, the one or more processors are configured to select the lead device based at least in part on capabilities of the first wireless device and capabilities of the second wireless device.

14. The device of claim 1 , wherein to select the lead device, the one or more processors are configured to select the lead device based at least in part on machine learning information about historical routes associated with one or more of the first wireless device or the second wireless device.

15. The device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors are configured to switch between a first communication link between the first wireless device and the network entity and a second communication link between the second wireless device and the network entity, and wherein to switch between the first communication link and the second communication link, the one or more processors are configured to select a new lead device.

16. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to perform carrier aggregation using a first communication link between the first wireless device and the network entity and a second communication link between the second wireless device and the network entity.

17. The device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors are configured to perform link aggregation using a first communication link between the first wireless device and the network entity, a second communication link between the second wireless device and the network entity, and a third communication link between a third wireless device in the vehicle and the network entity.

18. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to receive a message from the network entity indicating the lead device to be selected, and wherein to select the lead device, the one or more processors are configured to select the lead device based at least in part on the message.

19. A network entity for wireless communication, the network entity comprising: Memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory and configured to: selecting a lead device in a vehicle from a plurality of wireless devices for communication between the lead device and the network entity, the plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated in the vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle; and The communication is performed with the master device.

20. The network entity of claim 19, wherein to select the lead device, the one or more processors are configured to select the lead device based at least in part on initiation of the communication by the first wireless device or the second wireless device.

21. The network entity of claim 19 , wherein the one or more processors are configured to detect a third wireless device in the vehicle that is capable of serving as the lead device, and wherein to select the lead device, the one or more processors are configured to select the lead device from among the first wireless device, the second wireless device, and the third wireless device.

22. The network entity of claim 21, wherein the one or more processors are configured to send an emergency message to the first wireless device, the second wireless device, and the third wireless device.

23. The network entity of claim 19, wherein the one or more processors are configured to send a message to the first wireless device indicating that the lead device will perform the communication with the network entity.

24. The network entity of claim 19, wherein to select the lead device, the one or more processors are configured to select the lead device based at least in part on a pricing of the first wireless device and a pricing of the second wireless device.

25. The network entity of claim 19, wherein to select the lead device, the one or more processors are configured to select the lead device based at least in part on a signal strength of the first wireless device and a signal strength of the second wireless device.

26. The network entity of claim 19, wherein to select the lead device, the one or more processors are configured to select the lead device based at least in part on capabilities of the first wireless device and capabilities of the second wireless device.

27. A method of wireless communication performed by a device, the method comprising: receiving an instruction to initiate communication with a network entity; selecting a lead device from a plurality of wireless devices for said communication with said network entity, said plurality of wireless devices comprising a first wireless device integrated in a vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with said vehicle; and The communication is initiated using the master device.

28. The method of claim 27, further comprising detecting a third wireless device in the vehicle capable of serving as a master device, wherein selecting the master device comprises selecting the master device from among the first wireless device, the second wireless device, and the third wireless device.

29. The method of claim 27, wherein selecting the lead device comprises selecting the lead device based at least in part on pricing associated with the first wireless device and pricing associated with the second wireless device, signal strength of the first wireless device and signal strength of the second wireless device, or capabilities of the first wireless device and capabilities of the second wireless device.

30. A method of wireless communication performed by a network entity, the method comprising: selecting a lead device in a vehicle from a plurality of wireless devices for communication between the lead device and the network entity, the plurality of wireless devices including a first wireless device integrated in the vehicle and a second wireless device detected as associated with the vehicle; as well as The communication is performed with the master device.

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