Floating through type wave dissipation rectifying equipment and wave dissipation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of flow reduction and wave dissipation, and discloses a floating through type wave dissipation rectifying device and a wave dissipation method.The floating through type wave dissipation rectifying device comprises a floating box unit, a limiting frame anchored and fixed to an embankment or a seabed is arranged above the floating box unit, the floating box unit comprises at least two floating boxes, the top of each floating box is connected with the limiting frame through a plurality of connecting rings, and the connecting rings are connected with the limiting frame. And a plurality of through channels which are distributed in parallel are arranged on the side surface of each buoyancy tank. By means of the unique dumbbell-shaped cavity structure and flow guide slope design, wave energy is effectively reduced in an open sea area, the trapezoid buoyancy tanks are matched with the elastic mooring system to form a self-adaptive mooring stabilizing mechanism, and the continuous and reliable operation capacity of cultivation facilities outside the bay is maintained under the complex sea condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of flow reduction and wave elimination, and more particularly to a buoyant through-type wave elimination and rectification device and a wave elimination method. Background Art

[0002] When building a three-dimensional development pattern of marine aquaculture, it is necessary to conduct aquaculture pilot projects in the waters outside the bay to explore aquaculture methods and technologies suitable for the marine environment.

[0003] Aquaculture pilot projects in the waters outside the bay need to overcome challenges such as the complex marine environment and deep waters to improve the production efficiency and stability of aquaculture. Therefore, to solve the problems faced by aquaculture in the waters outside the bay, current reduction and wave elimination facilities are needed to protect aquaculture facilities and organisms.

[0004] Because aquaculture facilities outside the bay are greatly affected by waves, currents and winds, and the load on the facilities is heavy, a buoyant through-type wave-breaking and rectifying equipment is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a buoyant through-type wave-breaking and rectifying device and a wave-breaking method, which solve the technical problems in related technologies that aquaculture facilities outside the bay are greatly affected by waves, currents and winds, and the load on the facilities is large.

[0006] The present invention provides a buoyant through-type wave-breaking and rectifying device, comprising a pontoon unit, above which is provided a limit frame anchored to a bank or seabed. The pontoon unit comprises at least two pontoons, the top of each pontoon being connected to the limit frame via a plurality of connecting rings, and the side of each pontoon being provided with a plurality of parallel through-channels.

[0007] A dumbbell-shaped expansion chamber is provided in the middle of the through channel, and the expansion chamber includes a first cavity, a second cavity and a connecting neck, and the connecting neck is connected between the first cavity and the second cavity;

[0008] An inlet channel is provided on the flow-facing surface of the through-channel, the inlet channel is connected to the first cavity, and an outlet channel is provided at the other end of the through-channel, the outlet channel is connected to the second cavity, and both the inlet channel and the outlet channel are trumpet-shaped structures;

[0009] The inner walls of the first cavity and the second cavity of the expansion cavity are both provided with turbulence generators, and the turbulence generators include a plurality of staggered hexagonal protrusions;

[0010] A cavitation enhancement portion is provided on the inner side wall of the connecting neck. The cavitation enhancement portion includes a guide spring and a micro-protrusion array. The micro-protrusion array is distributed on the inner side wall of the guide spring. The micro-protrusion array is composed of a plurality of ceramic hemisphere arrays.

[0011] A flow guiding slope is provided between the first cavity and the inlet channel and between the second cavity and the outlet channel. The flow guiding slope is a 45° conical slope.

[0012] Furthermore, the guide spring is hourglass-shaped, wherein the middle tube wall is concave to form an elastic adjustment area, and both ends are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting neck, and a deformation gap is left between the elastic adjustment area and the inner wall of the connecting neck.

[0013] Furthermore, a 20° chamfer is provided at the corner of the top edge of the hexagonal protrusion, and the chamfered slope forms a boundary layer separation zone. An arc-shaped transition zone is provided between the bottom of the six side surfaces of the hexagonal protrusion and the inner wall surface of the expansion chamber, and the arc-shaped transition zone forms a cavitation zone at the edge of the protrusion, and the flow channel between the side walls of adjacent hexagonal protrusions forms a vortex stretching zone.

[0014] Furthermore, the pontoons are all in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid, the side inclination angle of the pontoons is 12°-15°, the ratio between the top side length and the bottom side length of the pontoons is between 1:1.2-1.5, and the ratio between the height of the pontoons and the bottom side length is 0.6-0.8; and the contact surfaces between adjacent pontoons are provided with anti-collision fenders.

[0015] Furthermore, detection ends are provided on the inner walls of the inlet channel, the outlet channel, the first cavity, the second cavity and the connecting neck, and the detection ends are connected to flow rate sensors for detecting the flow rate of the internal water flow.

[0016] Furthermore, a sand flushing hole is opened at the bottom of each buoyancy box, and the sand flushing hole is connected to the through channel.

[0017] Furthermore, the ratio between the diameter of the inlet channel / the outlet channel and the inner diameter of the cavity of the expansion chamber is between 1:3.5 and 1:3.6.

[0018] Furthermore, a universal swivel is provided at the bottom of the buoyancy box, and the universal swivel is connected to the seabed anchor pile through an elastic anchor chain.

[0019] Furthermore, the buoyancy box is made of a lightweight waterproof material, the surface of the buoyancy box is coated with a polyurea waterproof coating, and a polytetrafluoroethylene coating is added to the lower half of the buoyancy box.

[0020] The present invention also proposes a floating through-type wave elimination method, which uses the above-mentioned floating through-type wave elimination and rectification equipment to eliminate waves, including the following steps:

[0021] Step 1, water filling stage: Waves surge toward the entrance of the through-channel. Water flows through the entrance channel into the guide slope, accelerating before entering the expansion chamber. Due to the sudden expansion of the expansion chamber, the wave velocity drops from the initial velocity at the entrance to 0.3 times the initial velocity. Part of the expansion chamber volume is filled with low-speed water, forming a rotating "water cushion";

[0022] Step 2, impact phase: The wave of the new crest enters at the initial velocity and is also guided by the guide slope to impact the "water cushion". The two water flows merge and collide, resulting in energy conversion. The energy conversion includes: axial kinetic energy loss, velocity gradient generation of turbulent kinetic energy and formation of Taylor-Green vortex ring;

[0023] Step 3, dissipation stage: the residual water flow impacts the hexagonal protrusions in the expansion chamber again, wherein a Karman vortex street is formed in the boundary layer separation zone of the hexagonal protrusion, local cavitation is induced in the cavitation zone of the protrusion edge of the hexagonal protrusion, and an energy level chain is triggered in the vortex stretching zone between the hexagonal protrusions. At the same time, the water flows through the guide slope of the outlet channel to decelerate and diffuse, and the kinetic energy is converted into heat energy;

[0024] Step 4, emptying stage: During the trough period, the water in the expansion chamber is discharged through the outlet channel, and when the flow rate of the bottom sand flushing hole is less than 0.2m / s, manual dredging is started.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The present invention effectively reduces wave energy in open waters through its unique dumbbell-shaped cavity structure and diversion slope design. The trapezoidal buoyancy tank cooperates with the elastic mooring system to form an adaptive mooring mechanism, which maintains the spatial position stability of the facility under complex sea conditions and ensures the safety of aquaculture cages. This enables aquaculture facilities outside the bay to have the ability to operate continuously and reliably in harsh marine environments, providing an inherent safety barrier for the deep-sea aquaculture industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a floating through-type wave-breaking and rectifying device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a front view of a floating through-type wave-breaking and rectifying device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the A1A2 section structure (A1A2 section is a horizontal section);

[0030] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of the local B structure;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the partition structure of the hexagonal protrusion of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of a turbulence generator of a floating through-type wave-breaking and rectifying device proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the wave elimination effect of the wave elimination and rectification equipment of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 100, first pontoon; 110, inlet channel; 120, outlet channel; 130, first cavity; 140, connecting neck; 150, hexagonal protrusion; 151, boundary layer separation zone; 152, protrusion edge cavitation zone; 153, vortex stretching zone; 160, guide slope; 170, second cavity; 180, cavitation enhancement part; 181, guide spring; 182, micro-protrusion array; 200, second pontoon; 300, connecting ring; 400, limit frame; 500, anti-collision fender; 600, universal swivel; 700, flow rate sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed solely to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and that the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be varied without departing from the scope of this specification. Various examples may omit, substitute, or add various processes or components as needed. In addition, features described with respect to some examples may also be combined in other examples.

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, a floating through-type wave-breaking and rectifying device comprises:

[0037] A pontoon unit comprises at least two pontoons, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first pontoon 100 and the second pontoon 200 are both made of lightweight waterproof material (such as closed-cell foam) to ensure anti-sinking performance, and their surfaces are coated with a polyurea waterproof coating;

[0038] The top sides of the first pontoon 100 and the second pontoon 200 are connected to the limit frame 400 through the connecting ring 300. The limit frame 400 is a frame structure formed by welding circular steel pipes. Its structure is roof-shaped. The limit frame 400 can be fixed to the edge of the embankment, seabed or other water area where wave breaking is required by gravity anchors. It is loosely matched with the connecting ring 300 of the pontoon unit to limit the large-scale horizontal displacement of the pontoon unit, but allows up and down swinging movement perpendicular to the sea level.

[0039] The first pontoon 100 and the second pontoon 200 are provided with a plurality of parallel through-channels on their sides. Figure 1 As shown, seven parallel through-channels are provided on the end surface of the flow-facing surface, and are divided into two layers. The through-channels of the two layers are staggered in the vertical direction.

[0040] A universal swivel 600 is provided at the bottom of the first pontoon 100 and the second pontoon 200. The universal swivel 600 is connected to the seabed anchor pile through an elastic anchor chain. The swing angle of the universal swivel 600 is ±30°. At the same time, the surface of the rotating shaft of the universal swivel 600 is plated with a ceramic layer. A tension sensor is set at the end of the elastic anchor chain to monitor the load in real time. Each pontoon unit is equipped with at least 2-3 anchor chains for load distribution. The elastic anchor chain is a composite structure of rubber core and steel wire rope. Each pontoon unit is equipped with at least 3 anchor chains, evenly distributed at 120°, and the angle between them and the seabed is between 30° and 45°.

[0041] The first pontoon 100 and the second pontoon 200 are both in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid, with a side inclination angle of 12°-15°, a ratio of the top side length to the bottom side length of 1:1.2-1.5, and a ratio of the height to the bottom side length of 0.6-0.8;

[0042] A collision-proof fender 500 is provided between the contact surface of the first pontoon 100 and the second pontoon 200 , and the collision-proof fender 500 is used to buffer collision energy;

[0043] A dumbbell-shaped expansion chamber is provided in the middle of the through-channel, and the expansion chamber includes a first cavity 130, a second cavity 170 and a connecting neck 140, and the connecting neck 140 is connected between the first cavity 130 and the second cavity 170;

[0044] An inlet channel 110 is provided on the flow-facing surface of the through-channel, and the inlet channel 110 is connected to the first cavity 130. An outlet channel 120 is provided at the other end of the through-channel, and the outlet channel 120 is connected to the second cavity 170. Both the inlet channel 110 and the outlet channel 120 are trumpet-shaped structures.

[0045] The inner walls of the first cavity 130 and the second cavity 170 of the expansion cavity are both provided with turbulence generators, and the turbulence generators include a plurality of staggered hexagonal protrusions 150;

[0046] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the hexagonal protrusion 150 is mainly divided into three parts:

[0047] 1. Boundary layer separation zone 151

[0048] Location: The bevel area formed by the 20° chamfer at the corner of the top edge;

[0049] When the residual water flow passes through the bulge: the water flow accelerates on the front surface of the bulge (the pressure drops to the lowest point), and when the water flow accelerates to the trailing edge of the top, the flow separates and forms a periodically shedding vortex;

[0050] Energy conversion: vortex shedding causes fluid kinetic energy to be converted into vortex kinetic energy;

[0051] 2. Cavitation zone at raised edge 152

[0052] Position: Curvature transition zone at the root of the protrusion (arc-shaped transition zones are provided between the bottom of the six sides of the hexagonal protrusion and the inner wall of the expansion cavity);

[0053] Cavitation triggering conditions: local flow velocity ≥ 3.2m / s, pressure drops to the saturated vapor pressure of water;

[0054] 3. Vortex stretching zone 153

[0055] Location: Flow channel between the side walls of adjacent protrusions;

[0056] Energy transfer path: Large-scale vortices (centimeter-level) are sheared by the convex edge and decomposed into mesoscale vortices (millimeter-level), which are then dissipated as heat energy through viscosity;

[0057] A cavitation enhancement portion 180 is provided on the inner side wall of the connecting neck 140. The cavitation enhancement portion 180 includes a guide spring 181 and a micro-protrusion array 182. The micro-protrusion array 182 is distributed on the inner side wall of the guide spring 181 and is composed of a plurality of ceramic hemispheres.

[0058] The guide spring piece 181 is hourglass-shaped, with the inner wall of the guide spring piece 181 concave to form an elastic adjustment area. Both ends of the guide spring piece 181 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting neck 140, and a deformable gap is left between the elastic adjustment area and the inner wall of the connecting neck 140.

[0059] The guide spring 181 can pre-deflect the water flow. When the guide spring 181 is impacted by the water flow on one side, it can reduce the impact angle between the two adjacent cavities through its own deformation, reducing the turbulence of the "water cushion". The micro-protrusion array 182 increases the surface roughness of the connecting neck 140, inhibiting the initiation of cavitation.

[0060] A guide slope 160 is provided between the first cavity 130 and the inlet channel 110 and between the second cavity 170 and the outlet channel 120. The guide slope 160 is provided at the opposite ends of the first cavity 130 and the second cavity 170. The guide slope 160 is a 45° conical slope, and the surface of the conical slope is polished to reduce friction loss.

[0061] Detection terminals are provided on the inner walls of the inlet channel 110, the outlet channel 120, the first cavity 130, the second cavity 170 and the connecting neck 140. The detection terminals are connected to a flow rate sensor 700 for detecting the flow rate of the internal water flow.

[0062] Sand flushing holes are provided at the bottom of the first pontoon 100 and the second pontoon 200. The sand flushing holes are connected to the bottom end of the cavity of the through channel. The sand flushing holes are provided with plugs that can be opened manually.

[0063] It should be noted that the ratio of the diameter of the inlet channel 110 / outlet channel 120 to the inner diameter of the expansion chamber is 1:3.5-1:3.6, ensuring a sudden drop in flow rate (V0→0.3V0);

[0064] It should also be noted that the guide spring piece 181 is a cylindrical structure formed by titanium alloy arc-shaped thin sheets. At least two sets of fixed inserts are provided at the outer edges of both ends of the cylindrical structure. The guide spring piece 181 is stably installed on the connecting neck 140 through the fixed inserts. The micro-protrusions are silicon nitride ceramic hemispheres in a diamond array.

[0065] The pontoon unit can be assembled by multi-layer bonding, and its splicing surface passes through the central axis of the through channel at the same horizontal height, that is, the through channel is divided into two half chambers to facilitate the installation of the guide spring 181. The inner wall of the connecting neck 140 can be provided with an annular groove that cooperates with the fixing inserts at both ends of the guide spring 181. After the guide spring 181 is installed in the corresponding annular groove, in order to further fix it, the guide spring 181 can be fixed in the annular groove by structural adhesive.

[0066] It should also be added that a polytetrafluoroethylene coating was added to the lower part of the pontoon unit to reduce the strength of barnacle attachment;

[0067] The present invention also proposes a floating through-type wave elimination and rectification method, comprising the following steps:

[0068] Step 1, water filling stage (T1 cycle):

[0069] The waves surge toward the entrance of the through-channel, and the water flows through the inlet channel (110) and enters the diversion slope (160). After being accelerated by the diversion slope (160), the water enters the expansion chamber. As the cavity of the expansion chamber suddenly expands, the flow velocity drops from V0 at the entrance to 0.3V0. Part of the cavity volume of the expansion chamber is filled with low-speed water, forming a rotating "water cushion". The diversion slope 160 guides the water flow to rotate along the cavity wall, forming a preliminary vortex.

[0070] Wherein V0 is the initial velocity entering the inlet channel 110;

[0071] Step 2, impact phase (T2 cycle):

[0072] When the next wave crest arrives, a new water flow passes through the inlet channel (110) at a speed of V0. The new water flow is guided by the guide slope 160 and directly impacts the retained "water cushion" in the cavity, and the two water flows form a nearly horizontal collision. After the high-speed water flow rotates and accelerates through the guide slope 160, it impacts the rotating "water cushion", generating three energy conversions:

[0073] a) Momentum cancellation: axial kinetic energy loss;

[0074] b) Shear dissipation: velocity gradient induces the generation of turbulent kinetic energy;

[0075] c) Vortex evolution: Taylor-Green vortex ring is formed in the collision zone;

[0076] Step 3, dissipation phase (T2+Δt, Δt is the time difference between the current impact phase and the next water filling phase):

[0077] The residual water flow impacts the hexagonal protrusion 150, and the following physical processes occur:

[0078] Among them, a Karman vortex street is formed in the boundary layer separation area of ​​the hexagonal protrusion 150, and local cavitation occurs in the cavitation area of ​​the protrusion edge of the hexagonal protrusion 150 (for example, when the cavitation number σ = 0.8, the corresponding flow velocity is 2.5m / s-3.0m / s). The vortex stretching area between the hexagonal protrusions 150 causes energy level chain (energy transfer to smaller scales), and the water flow decelerates and diffuses through the outlet guide slope 160, and the kinetic energy is further converted into heat energy.

[0079] Step 4, emptying phase (T3 cycle):

[0080] During the trough period, the water in the expansion chamber is slowly discharged through the outlet channel 120. The double-bell mouth design of the outlet channel 120 prevents excessive suction from causing structural cavitation, and the sediment is removed by gravity by manually opening the sand flushing holes at the bottom.

[0081] Verification of wave elimination and rectification equipment:

[0082] The wave-breaking and rectifying equipment is placed in the aquaculture pilot area outside the bay in the actual sea area to ensure that it is in a typical marine environment to simulate real aquaculture conditions.

[0083] Install three wave height meters to monitor wave heights at different locations;

[0084] Wave height meter 1: Placed 1 meter in front of the oncoming surface of the wave-breaking and rectifying equipment, it is used to measure the original wave height without being processed by the equipment.

[0085] Wave height meter 2: placed 2.79 meters behind the back surface of the wave-breaking and rectifying equipment, used to measure the wave-breaking effect at the far end of the equipment.

[0086] Wave height meter 3: Placed 0.98 meters behind the back surface of the wave-breaking and rectifying equipment, it is used to measure the wave-breaking effect near the equipment.

[0087] By comparing the wave height meter data, we can see that (see Figure 7 ), the wave heights at the near end (wave height meter 3) and far end (wave height meter 2) of the equipment are significantly lower than those on the upstream side (wave height meter 1). The wave-breaking and rectifying equipment can effectively reduce the wave height on the downstream side and significantly reduce the impact of waves on the aquaculture facilities, indicating that the equipment has good wave-breaking and rectifying capabilities.

[0088] In order to further verify the wave-breaking effect of the wave-breaking and rectifying equipment on different wave heights, the present invention tests the wave-breaking effect of the equipment on different wave heights.

[0089] The test results use the transmission coefficient to analyze the wave elimination effect of the wave elimination and rectification equipment. , H t and H i They represent the transmitted wave height and the incident wave height, respectively. The ratio of the two is the transmission coefficient. The smaller the transmission coefficient, the stronger the wave elimination capability of the wave elimination and rectification equipment and the better the wave elimination effect. The test data is shown in the following table:

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] As can be seen from the table, the equipment has a certain reduction effect on waves of different wave heights, especially under medium and above wave height conditions.

[0093] The above describes the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation methods. The above specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms under the guidance of the present invention, all of which are protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating through-type wave-breaking and rectifying device, characterized in that: The pontoon unit comprises a pontoon unit, wherein a limit frame (400) anchored to a bank or a seabed is provided above the pontoon unit, the pontoon unit comprises at least two pontoons, the top of each pontoon is connected to the limit frame (400) via a plurality of connecting rings (300), and a plurality of parallel through-channels are provided on the side of each pontoon; A dumbbell-shaped expansion chamber is provided in the middle of the through-channel, the expansion chamber comprising a first cavity (130), a second cavity (170) and a connecting neck (140), and the connecting neck (140) is connected between the first cavity (130) and the second cavity (170); An inlet channel (110) is provided on the flow-facing surface of the through-channel, the inlet channel (110) being in communication with the first cavity (130), an outlet channel (120) is provided at the other end of the through-channel, the outlet channel (120) being in communication with the second cavity (170), and both the inlet channel (110) and the outlet channel (120) are trumpet-shaped structures; The inner walls of the first cavity (130) and the second cavity (170) of the expansion cavity are both provided with turbulence generators, and the turbulence generators include a plurality of staggered hexagonal protrusions (150); A cavitation enhancement portion (180) is provided on the inner side wall of the connecting neck (140), the cavitation enhancement portion (180) comprising a guide spring (181) and a micro-protrusion array (182), the micro-protrusion array (182) being distributed on the inner side wall of the guide spring (181), and the micro-protrusion array (182) being formed by a plurality of ceramic hemisphere arrays; A flow guiding slope (160) is provided between the first cavity (130) and the inlet channel (110), and between the second cavity (170) and the outlet channel (120). The flow guiding slope (160) is a 45° conical slope.

2. The floating through-type wave-breaking and rectifying equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The guide spring (181) is hourglass-shaped, with the inner wall of the guide spring concave to form an elastic adjustment area, and both ends of the guide spring (181) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting neck (140), and a deformation gap is left between the elastic adjustment area and the inner wall of the connecting neck (140).

3. The floating through-type wave-breaking and rectifying equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A 20° chamfer is provided at the corner of the top edge of the hexagonal protrusion (150), and the chamfered slope forms a boundary layer separation zone (151). An arc-shaped transition zone is provided between the bottom of the six side surfaces of the hexagonal protrusion (150) and the inner wall surface of the expansion cavity, and the arc-shaped transition zone forms a protrusion edge cavitation zone (152). The flow channel between the side walls of adjacent hexagonal protrusions (150) forms a vortex stretching zone (153).

4. The floating through-type wave-breaking and rectifying equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The pontoons are all in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid, with a side inclination angle of 12°-15°, a ratio between the top side length and the bottom side length of the pontoon being between 1:1.2-1.5, and a ratio between the height of the pontoon and the bottom side length being between 0.6-0.8; Furthermore, the contact surfaces between adjacent pontoons are provided with anti-collision fenders (500).

5. The floating through-type wave-breaking and rectifying equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Detection ends are provided on the inner walls of the inlet channel (110), the outlet channel (120), the first cavity (130), the second cavity (170) and the connecting neck (140), and the detection ends are connected to a flow rate sensor (700) for detecting the flow rate of the internal water flow.

6. The floating through-type wave-breaking and rectifying equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of each buoyancy box is provided with a sand flushing hole, which is connected to the through channel.

7. The floating through-type wave-breaking and rectifying equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ratio between the diameter of the inlet channel (110) / the outlet channel (120) and the inner diameter of the cavity of the expansion chamber is between 1:3.5 and 1:3.

6.

8. The floating through-type wave-breaking and rectifying equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A universal swivel (600) is provided at the bottom of the buoyancy box, and the universal swivel (600) is connected to a seabed anchor pile via an elastic anchor chain.

9. The floating through-type wave-breaking and rectifying equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The buoyancy box is made of a light waterproof material, the surface of which is coated with a polyurea waterproof coating, and a polytetrafluoroethylene coating is added to the lower half of the buoyancy box.

10. A buoyant through-type wave elimination method, characterized in that: Wave elimination is performed by using a floating through-type wave elimination and rectification device as described in claims 3-9, comprising the following steps: Step 1, water filling stage: waves surge toward the entrance of the through channel, water flows through the entrance channel (110) into the guide slope (160), and then accelerates into the expansion chamber. Due to the sudden expansion of the expansion chamber, the flow velocity of the wave drops from the initial velocity at the entrance to 0.3 times the initial velocity, and part of the cavity volume of the expansion chamber is filled with low-speed water to form a rotating "water cushion"; Step 2, impact phase: the wave of the new crest enters at the initial velocity and is also guided by the guide slope (160) to impact the "water cushion". The two streams merge and collide, generating energy conversion. The energy conversion includes: axial kinetic energy loss, velocity gradient generation of turbulent kinetic energy and formation of Taylor-Green vortex ring; Step 3, dissipation stage: the residual water flow impacts the hexagonal protrusions (150) in the cavity of the expansion chamber again, wherein a Karman vortex street is formed in the boundary layer separation zone (151) of the hexagonal protrusions (150), the protrusion edge cavitation zone (152) of the hexagonal protrusions (150) induces local cavitation, and an energy level chain is triggered in the vortex stretching zone (153) between the hexagonal protrusions (150). At the same time, the water flows through the guide slope (160) of the outlet channel (120) to decelerate and diffuse, and the kinetic energy is converted into heat energy; Step 4, emptying stage: During the trough period, the water in the expansion chamber is discharged through the outlet channel (120), and the bottom sand flushing hole is manually started to desilt when the flow rate is less than 0.2m / s.

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