Locating mandrel for involute internal gear and internal spline reference circle

Abstract

The invention discloses a reference circle positioning mandrel for an involute internal gear and an involute internal spline, and relates to the technical field of involute gear measurement. The problems that a gear measuring instrument or three coordinates are adopted for detecting the reference circles of the involute internal gear and the internal spline in the prior art, the actual production requirement cannot be guaranteed in the measuring time, only several reference circle points can be selected for measurement in the measuring process, and the measuring accuracy cannot be protected are solved. The tapered roller bearing comprises a tapered mandrel, a retainer formed by printing through the 3D technology, positioning steel balls, a first check ring and a second check ring. The first check ring and the second check ring are installed at the two ends of the taper mandrel, and the holder is installed on the taper mandrel and moves between the first check ring and the second check ring. A certain number of semispherical cavities are arranged in the involute ribs of the retainer, and positioning steel balls used for measuring an M value are mounted in the semispherical cavities. According to the positioning mandrel, all gears are considered in the measurement process, and the measurement repeatability and the measurement result are more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of involute gear measurement, in particular to a positioning core shaft for involute internal gears and internal spline pitch circles. Background Art

[0002] The pitch circle is the core benchmark for the design and manufacture of involute gears, and its significance runs through the gear's geometric definition, processing, and meshing process. The following are the key significances of the pitch circle to involute gears: 1. The benchmark for geometric definition, 2. The key to meshing transmission, 3. The benchmark for gear processing, 4. The hub for parameter calculation, 5. The basis for interchangeability and standardization, 6. The relationship with the base circle, and 7. Its significance in practical applications. The pitch circle is the "soul circle" of involute gears, and its role runs through the entire process of design, manufacturing, testing, and application. It not only defines the core geometric parameters of the gear, but also ensures the accuracy, interchangeability, and reliability of the transmission. Understanding the significance of the pitch circle is the key foundation for mastering involute gear technology.

[0003] The above is the importance of the pitch circle of involute gears. However, the use of involute internal gears and spline pitch circles as positioning measurement for the top circle, root circle, and other form and position tolerances such as end faces and external circles is a difficult problem that the machinery manufacturing industry has not been able to solve. Now, in the gear manufacturing machinery industry, the means of using involute internal gears and spline pitch circles as references to measure other parameters is gear measuring instruments or three-coordinate measuring instruments. However, gear production is large-scale, and several gears may be produced in one minute. The use of gear measuring instruments or three-coordinate measuring instruments cannot guarantee the actual production needs in terms of measurement time. Therefore, online inspection tools that can achieve rapid detection are the only way to ensure production.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention designs an involute internal gear and a spline pitch circle positioning core shaft. The reason why this core shaft can be realized is that the structure that could not be processed in the past is based on the development of the machinery manufacturing industry and is now completed through 3D molding technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the problems that the existing detection of involute internal gears and internal spline pitch circles using gear measuring instruments or three-coordinate measuring instruments cannot meet actual production needs in terms of measurement time and can only select a few points on the pitch circle for measurement during the measurement process, thereby failing to ensure measurement accuracy. A positioning core shaft for involute internal gears and internal spline pitch circles is provided.

[0006] A positioning mandrel for an involute internal gear and an internal spline pitch circle, the positioning mandrel comprising a tapered mandrel, a retaining frame printed using 3D technology, a positioning steel ball, a first retaining ring, and a second retaining ring;

[0007] A first retaining ring and a second retaining ring are installed at both ends of the tapered core shaft, and the retaining frame is installed on the tapered core shaft and moves between the first retaining ring and the second retaining ring; the positioning steel ball is enclosed between the tapered core shaft and the retaining frame;

[0008] The outer contour of the cage is the same as the contour of the involute internal gear and the internal spline being tested, and its size is 0.1 mm smaller than the size of the involute internal gear and the internal spline being tested;

[0009] A certain number of hemispherical cavities are provided in the involute ribs of the retainer, and positioning steel balls for measuring M values ​​are installed in the hemispherical cavities.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner hole diameter of the retainer is larger than the M value rod spacing by 0.4 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, a screw hole is provided on the retaining frame. After the involute internal gear and internal spline test piece are axially positioned with the involute internal gear and internal spline pitch circle positioning core shaft, the tapered core shaft supports the positioning steel ball, and the positioning steel ball simultaneously supports the involute internal gear and internal spline test piece. At this time, the radial direction is in a gap-free state, and the position of the retaining frame on the tapered core shaft is locked by passing a screw through the screw hole on the retaining frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the taper of the tapered core shaft is 1:1000, and the positioning steel balls installed in the retaining frame are transmitted to the involute internal gear and internal spline test pieces in proportion. When the retaining frame moves, the involute internal gear and internal spline test pieces are positioned.

[0013] Furthermore, the first retaining ring is installed at the large end of the tapered core shaft, and the outer circle size of the first retaining ring is larger than the root circle size of the internal gear and the internal spline. The second retaining ring is installed at the small end of the tapered core shaft, and the outer circle size of the second retaining ring is smaller than the top circle size of the internal gear and the internal spline.

[0014] Furthermore, the diameters of the positioning steel balls are all the same.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] The pitch circle positioning mandrel and the retaining frame of the present invention are realized by adopting 3D printing molding technology, filling the gap in the field of gear measurement technology.

[0017] The pitch circle positioning mandrel described in the present invention solves the problem that in traditional technology, when measuring other form and position tolerances based on the pitch circle of involute internal gears and internal splines, three-coordinate measuring equipment or gear measuring machines are used for measurement. There is no other method. These equipments consider efficiency factors when measuring and select several points on the pitch circle to evaluate the product, so it is impossible to guarantee absolute accuracy. The involute internal gear and internal spline pitch circle positioning mandrel of the present invention takes all gears into consideration during the measurement process, so its measurement repeatability and results are more accurate and scientific. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning core shaft for an involute internal gear and an internal spline according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cage;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A top view of

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the tapered mandrel and the retaining ring;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the retainer at the small end of the core shaft;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the position of the cage moving on the mandrel;

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the position of the retainer fixed on the core shaft.

[0025] In the figure: 1. First retaining ring, 2. Tapered core shaft, 3. Cage, 4. Positioning steel ball, 5. Second retaining ring, 6. Screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Combine Figures 1 to 7 To illustrate this embodiment, a positioning mandrel for an involute internal gear and an internal spline, the positioning mandrel comprises a tapered mandrel 2, a retaining frame 3, a positioning steel ball 4, a first retaining ring 1 and a second retaining ring 5;

[0027] The retainer 3 is mounted on the tapered core shaft 2, and the retainer 3 can move between the first retaining ring 1 and the second retaining ring 5 mounted on the tapered core shaft 2;

[0028] A first retaining ring 1 and a second retaining ring 5 are installed at both ends of the tapered core shaft 2, and the retaining frame 3 is installed on the axis of the tapered core 2 and moves between the first retaining ring 1 and the second retaining ring 5; a certain number of hemispherical cavities are provided in the involute ribs of the retaining frame 3, and positioning steel balls 4 for measuring the M value are installed in the hemispherical cavities, and the positioning steel balls 4 are enclosed between the tapered core shaft 2 and the retaining frame 3.

[0029] In this embodiment, screw holes are provided on the first retaining ring 1 and the second retaining ring 5, and the retaining rings are fastened to the position of the tapered core shaft 2 by screws to prevent the retaining rings from falling off. The processing accuracy of the tapered core shaft 2 is relatively easy to control, and the cylindricity can be guaranteed to be 0.001 mm. The accuracy of the steel ball for measuring the M value is also 0.001 mm. Therefore, using positioning involute internal gears and internal splines to measure the relevant form and position tolerances of product parts is one of the ideal methods.

[0030] In this embodiment, the outer contour of the retainer 3 is a shape that is the involute internal gear and internal spline profile, reduced inward by 0.1 mm. The inner diameter of the retainer 3 is 0.4 mm larger than the M-value rod spacing. The retainer 3 has a certain number of hemispherical cavities within the involute ribs. These hemispherical cavities are used to accommodate positioning steel balls 4 for measuring the M-value. The number of hemispherical cavities depends on the number and length of teeth on the internal gear and internal spline. A greater number of teeth means a greater number of hemispherical cavities, and a longer internal gear and spline length. The positioning steel balls 4 are of the same diameter. Since the gear design pitch circle is related to the diameter of the M-value measuring ball, the positioning steel balls 4 are the measuring balls for the M-value. After the retainer 3 is installed with the tapered mandrel 2, the positioning steel balls 4 within the retainer 3 are enclosed between the retainer 3 and the tapered mandrel 2.

[0031] In this embodiment, the taper of the tapered core shaft 2 is 1:1000, and the positioning steel ball 4 installed in the retaining frame 3 can be transmitted to the involute internal gear and internal spline test piece in proportion. When the retaining frame 3 moves, the involute internal gear and internal spline test piece can be positioned.

[0032] In this embodiment, there is a screw hole on the retaining frame 3. After the involute internal gear and the internal spline tested part are axially positioned with the positioning core shaft, the screw hole on the retaining frame 3 can lock the movement of the retaining frame 3 on the tapered core shaft 2 through the screw 6.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the first retaining ring 1 and the second retaining ring 5 are installed at both ends of the tapered core shaft 2; the first retaining ring 1 is installed at the large end of the tapered core shaft 2, and the outer circle size of the first retaining ring 1 is larger than the root circle size of the internal gear and the internal spline; the second retaining ring 5 is installed at the small end of the tapered core shaft 2, and the outer circle size of the second retaining ring 5 is smaller than the top circle size of the internal gear and the internal spline; the retaining frame 3 can move axially, but cannot be separated from the core shaft, and the involute internal gear and the internal spline hole can be installed into the positioning core shaft without interference.

[0034] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the working principle of the positioning mandrel described in this embodiment is:

[0035] When measuring the involute internal gear or internal spline workpiece, push the retainer 3 to the position of the second retaining ring 5 at the small end of the tapered core shaft 2, so that the involute internal gear or internal spline workpiece can be inserted into the core shaft; then move the involute internal gear or internal spline workpiece and the retainer 3 toward the large end of the tapered core shaft 2 at the same time. When there is no gap between the tapered core shaft 2 and the positioning steel ball 4 as well as the internal gear or internal spline workpiece, move the internal gear or internal spline workpiece toward the large end of the tapered core shaft 2. At this time, the position change between the moving tapered core shaft 2 and the internal gear or internal spline workpiece is achieved by pure rolling of the positioning steel ball 4. Because the geometric accuracy of the core shaft can be processed to 0.001 mm, and the accuracy of a batch of positioning steel balls 4 can be controlled at 0.001 mm, the positioning core shaft of the involute internal gear and internal spline pitch circle can fully guarantee the positioning pitch circle measurement and other geometric parameter requirements. Its positioning accuracy and measurement repeatability are higher than the measurement accuracy of existing equipment. This is because it uses all involute teeth for positioning, which cannot be achieved by existing equipment.

[0036] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0037] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent for this invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A positioning mandrel for involute internal gears and internal spline pitch circles, characterized by: The positioning mandrel comprises a tapered mandrel (2), a retaining frame (3) formed by printing using 3D technology, a positioning steel ball (4), a first retaining ring (1) and a second retaining ring (5); A first retaining ring (1) and a second retaining ring (5) are installed at both ends of the tapered core shaft (2); the retaining frame (3) is installed on the tapered core shaft (2) and moves between the first retaining ring (1) and the second retaining ring (5); the outer contour shape of the retaining frame (3) is the same as the contour shape of the involute internal gear and the internal spline to be measured, and its size is 0.1 mm smaller than the size of the involute internal gear and the internal spline to be measured; a certain number of hemispherical cavities are provided in the involute ribs of the retaining frame (3), and positioning steel balls (4) for measuring M values ​​are installed in the hemispherical cavities, and the positioning steel balls (4) are enclosed between the tapered core shaft (2) and the retaining frame (3).

2. A positioning mandrel for involute internal gears and internal spline pitch circles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner hole diameter of the retaining frame (3) is larger than the M-value rod spacing dimension by 0.4 mm.

3. The positioning mandrel for involute internal gears and internal spline pitch circles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retainer (3) is provided with a screw hole. After the involute internal gear and the internal spline tested part are axially positioned with the involute internal gear and the internal spline pitch circle positioning core shaft, the tapered core shaft (2) supports the positioning steel ball (4). The positioning steel ball (4) simultaneously supports the involute internal gear and the internal spline tested part. At this time, there is no gap in the radial direction. The position of the retainer (3) on the tapered core shaft (2) is locked by passing a screw (6) through the screw hole on the retainer (3).

4. The positioning mandrel for involute internal gears and internal spline pitch circles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The taper of the tapered core shaft (2) is 1:1000, and the positioning steel balls (4) installed in the retaining frame (3) are transmitted to the involute internal gear and the internal spline tested parts in proportion. When the retaining frame (3) moves, the involute internal gear and the internal spline tested parts are positioned.

5. The positioning mandrel for involute internal gears and internal spline pitch circles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first retaining ring (1) is mounted on the large end of the tapered core shaft (2), and the outer circle size of the first retaining ring (1) is larger than the root circle size of the internal gear and the internal spline; the second retaining ring (5) is mounted on the small end of the tapered core shaft (2), and the outer circle size of the second retaining ring (5) is smaller than the top circle size of the internal gear and the internal spline.

6. The positioning mandrel for involute internal gears and internal spline pitch circles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of hemispherical cavities provided in the involute ribs of the retainer is determined according to the number of teeth and the length of the internal gear and the internal spline to be measured.

7. The positioning mandrel for involute internal gears and internal spline pitch circles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameters of the positioning steel balls (4) are all the same.

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