Legal transplantation evaluation method and system based on entropy weight method

Abstract

The invention relates to a legal transplantation evaluation method and system based on an entropy weight method, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, dividing a to-be-analyzed extra-regional low-altitude economic system into functional modules according to a multi-center governance theory, and disassembling the to-be-analyzed extra-regional low-altitude economic system into a plurality of sub-elements; step 2, constructing evaluation dimensions and evaluation indexes for low-altitude economic development in China; step 3, scoring the evaluation indexes based on an entropy weight method; step 4, calculating a comprehensive score of the sub-elements disassembled in the step 1; and 5, putting forward a low-altitude economic system transplanting measure according to a comprehensive score result. The entropy calculation thought of the extraterritorial system elements provided by the invention can effectively estimate the suitability of the extraterritorial system in the low-altitude economy field, the calculation result can be used as the basis of extraterritorial low-altitude economy system evaluation and transplantation strategies, and an important reference is provided for analysis of legal transplantation evaluation by using a quantitative evaluation method in the future.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of data processing technology, and in particular relates to a legal transplantation evaluation method and system based on entropy weight method. Background Art

[0002] Legal transplantation refers to a country or region borrowing and incorporating the legal systems and rules of other countries or regions into its own legal system. In the low-altitude economy, scientific legal transplantation can help learn from advanced experience, quickly improve the relevant legal system, ensure flight safety, promote the standardized development of the industry, and enhance international competitiveness. The entropy weight method, as an objective weighting method based on the principle of data information entropy, determines the weight of each indicator by calculating the degree of discreteness of the data. It has the characteristics of comprehensive evaluation, objective and accurate, and scientific decision-making, and is widely used in many fields. In the legal field, the entropy weight method has also gradually been applied to legal risk assessment, legal system effectiveness evaluation, etc. For example, when assessing corporate compliance legal risks, the entropy weight method is used to determine the weights of different risk indicators, and then quantify the legal risks faced by the enterprise, providing a scientific basis for the enterprise to formulate response strategies. Although the existing legal evaluation methods based on the entropy weight method have been quantitatively and empirically studied, the existing entropy weight method-based evaluations often apply general models and fail to fully combine their unique selection indicators. There is still a gap in the investigation of foreign legal systems unique to the low-altitude economic field. This has led to a lack of unique indicators in the quantitative evaluation of legal transplantation in this field, reduced the credibility of the evaluation, and caused potential legal conflicts and implementation difficulties, deviating from the concept of scientific legislation.

[0003] Therefore, it is particularly important to construct a legal transplantation evaluation method based on the entropy weight method to reduce the abstractness of quantitative evaluation and the risk of institutional transplantation. The entropy value calculation results of overseas institutional elements proposed in this invention can be used as the basis for overseas low-altitude economic system evaluation and transplantation strategy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems of strong subjectivity and unreasonable indicator weight determination in the actual operation of existing legal transplantation evaluation methods, as well as the risk of inaccurate evaluation results and inability to effectively guide legal transplantation practice, the present invention proposes a legal transplantation evaluation method and system based on the entropy weight method.

[0005] The present invention relates to a legal transplantation evaluation method based on entropy weight method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Divide the overseas low-altitude economic system to be analyzed into functional modules based on the polycentric governance theory, and then disassemble the overseas low-altitude economic system to be analyzed into several sub-elements;

[0007] Step 2: Construct evaluation dimensions and indicators for the development of my country's low-altitude economy;

[0008] Step 3: Score the evaluation indicators based on the entropy weight method;

[0009] Step 4: Calculate the comprehensive score of the sub-factors decomposed in step 1;

[0010] Step 5: Propose low-altitude economic system transplantation measures based on the comprehensive scoring results.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 1, the overseas low-altitude economic system to be analyzed refers to the dynamic classification management system of the low-altitude economy of the United States.

[0012] Furthermore, in step 1, the division into functional modules based on the multi-center governance theory means that the government-led airspace resource allocation is mapped to the airspace management module, the operation rules formulated by the government and enterprises in collaboration correspond to the operation supervision module, the industrial policy supply of the government and the market interaction forms the industrial development support module, and the safety risk prevention and control with the participation of multiple subjects constitutes the security assurance module; the functional modules include: airspace management module, operation supervision module, industrial development support module and security assurance module.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 2, the evaluation dimensions for the development of my country's low-altitude economy are constructed based on the traditional PESTEL model, and the five dimensions in the model are extended to form five evaluation dimensions for the development of my country's low-altitude economy, namely, the political dimension corresponds to the policy orientation matching, the economic dimension corresponds to the economic cost, the social and cultural dimension corresponds to the cultural compatibility, the technical dimension corresponds to the technical feasibility, and the legal dimension corresponds to the coordination of the legal system.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 2, the evaluation dimensions include: technical feasibility, cultural compatibility, economic cost, legal system coordination and policy orientation matching.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 2, the technical feasibility includes three evaluation indicators, namely: compatibility with technical standards, efficiency of existing information processing technology, and independent research and development capabilities of key technologies; the cultural compatibility includes three evaluation indicators, namely: public support rate, grassroots governance culture, and industry ethics fit; the economic cost includes three evaluation indicators, namely: direct cost of system implementation, corporate compliance cost burden, and industry innovation opportunity cost; the legal system coordination includes three evaluation indicators, namely: consistency of legal spirit, coordination of normative system, and adaptability of judicial practice; the policy orientation matching includes three evaluation indicators, namely: national strategic fit, low-altitude economic planning matching, and balance between safety and innovation.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 3, the portability of the institutional elements of the dynamic classification management system of the low-altitude economy of the United States is scored according to the evaluation indicators; the sub-elements of the dynamic classification management system of the low-altitude economy of the United States refer to the airspace classification system, the LAANC airspace approval system, and the risk classification supervision system.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 4, the comprehensive score of the sub-factors is calculated as follows:

[0018] Construct the original data matrix based on the scores of the evaluation indicators ,in, Indicates the The first sub-element The original value of each indicator, i represents the sub-element number, j represents the indicator number, Indicates the number of sub-elements, Indicates the total number of indicators;

[0019] Map the original data to Interval, eliminate the dimension effect, calculate the The first sub-element The calculation formula for the standardized value of each indicator is as follows:

[0020] (1)

[0021] in, represents the normalized value, Indicates the Indicators in all The minimum value among the sub-elements, Indicates the Indicators in all The maximum value among samples; Indicates the The first sub-element The original value of each indicator;

[0022] Calculate the The first sub-element The relative weight of each indicator in the total , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0023] (2)

[0024] in, Indicates the The first sub-element The relative weight of each indicator in the total reflects the relative importance of the sub-element indicator in the overall; Indicates the Indicators in all The sum of the standard values ​​in the sub-elements;

[0025] To measure the uncertainty of the data, calculate the Information entropy of an indicator

[0026] (3)

[0027] in, Indicates the The entropy value of each indicator; represents the natural logarithm function, which is used to quantify the uncertainty of probability distribution; Indicates that all sub-elements After removing the natural logarithm and weighted summing, if , in order to avoid the undefined problem in mathematical calculations, define ; To ensure entropy exist Normalization coefficient of the interval;

[0028] In order to objectively reflect the importance of the indicator, the information utility value is normalized and the first The weight of the indicator , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0029] (4)

[0030] in, represents the information utility value, Represents the sum of the information utility values ​​of all indicators, which is used to normalize the weights to interval, and the sum of all weights is 1, Indicates the The weight of each indicator;

[0031] For each sub-element, the original score and the corresponding indicator weight are weighted and summed to obtain a comprehensive score, which is used to compare the portability priority of institutional elements. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0032] (5)

[0033] in, Indicates the The comprehensive score of each sub-element; Indicates the The weight of each indicator; Indicates the The first sub-element The original value of each indicator; Represents the summation symbol, indicating the summation from arrive All the indicators are summed up, is the total number of indicators.

[0034] Furthermore, in step 5, for the sub-factors whose comprehensive scores calculated in step 4 are lower than 3.5 points, special measures are formulated from the perspective of evaluation dimensions, as follows:

[0035] In terms of technical feasibility, we will compare Chinese and foreign technical standards and promote the localization of key standards; deploy technical frameworks locally and open up data interfaces to improve efficiency; establish special funds to collaborate on the research and development of core technologies;

[0036] In terms of cultural compatibility, we will conduct popular science education and interact with public opinion; formulate standards based on local governance models and train grassroots personnel; and promote industry associations to formulate ethical conventions and incorporate them into corporate credit assessments.

[0037] In terms of economic costs, we will establish a cross-departmental coordination mechanism to reduce administrative costs; implement tiered compliance management and subsidize corporate compliance investments; establish innovative pilot zones and implement tax reductions and exemptions to balance costs;

[0038] In terms of legal system coordination, we will compare the legal spirit of China and foreign countries to form integrated guidelines to guide legislation; set up a special team to regularly sort out legal conflicts and establish a dynamic adjustment ledger; set up pilot courts, carry out judge training, and establish a case library to improve applicability;

[0039] In terms of policy orientation matching, legal transplantation will be incorporated into the national low-altitude economic planning, and a strategic fit assessment list will be formulated; a special module for institutional transplantation will be set up in local planning and linked with industrial layout; a dynamic assessment model will be established, the entropy weight method will be used to quantify the impact, and safety and innovation goals will be adjusted through a circuit breaker mechanism.

[0040] The present invention also relates to a system for a legal transplantation evaluation method based on an entropy weight method, wherein the system includes a computer module for running the legal transplantation evaluation method based on an entropy weight method.

[0041] Beneficial effects

[0042] The present invention proposes a legal transplantation evaluation method and system based on the entropy weight method, which can significantly improve the objectivity and scientific nature of the entropy weight method in legal transplantation evaluation. Compared with the traditional legal transplantability evaluation, it provides a more systematic and complete framework, significantly improving the scientific nature and in-depth nature of the quantitative indicators in the entropy weight method analysis. The entropy value calculation method of the extraterritorial system elements proposed in the present invention can effectively estimate the adaptability of the extraterritorial system in the low-altitude economic field. The calculation results can be used as the basis for the evaluation and transplantation strategy of the extraterritorial low-altitude economic system, and provide an important reference for the future analysis of legal transplantation evaluation using quantitative evaluation methods. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention uses the entropy weight method to quantitatively evaluate the portability of overseas low-altitude economic systems, disassembles overseas legal systems through modules such as legal functions and adjustment objects, and then constructs a five-dimensional evaluation dimension and 15 evaluation index systems. The entropy weight method is used to determine the index weights, and a legal transplantation evaluation method based on expert scoring and quantitative evaluation is constructed.

[0044] The present invention relates to a legal transplantation evaluation method based on entropy weight method, comprising the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Divide the overseas low-altitude economic system to be analyzed into functional modules based on the polycentric governance theory, and then disassemble the overseas low-altitude economic system to be analyzed into several sub-elements;

[0046] Major developed countries and regions, such as the United States, the European Union, Japan, South Korea, and Singapore, have established specialized low-altitude economic systems tailored to their national conditions, encompassing airspace classification management, operational qualification approval, industrial policy support, and safety technical standards, centering on the core aspects of low-altitude aircraft airspace use, operational regulations, industry development, and safety control. For the purposes of this disclosure, the term "extraterritorial low-altitude economic system" specifically refers to the dynamic classification management system for the U.S. low-altitude economy.

[0047] Polycentric governance theory is characterized by a diversity of governing entities. It emphasizes that public governance requires the coordinated efforts of government, the market, and society, with different entities responsible for different governance functions. In the low-altitude economic system, the government, as the "helmsman," is responsible for leading the allocation of airspace resources related to military and civil aviation safety, formulating operational rules to maintain public order, providing industrial policies to address market failures, and overseeing risk prevention and control to ensure public safety. Enterprises, as market entities, require the government to clarify operational rules to reduce compliance costs, provide industrial support policies to secure development resources, and establish safety standards to ensure the legitimacy of commercial activities. Society, as a public stakeholder, requires safety assurance to prevent flight activities from threatening people and property, and participates in oversight to monitor corporate behavior through reporting and other means. Based on this, government-led airspace resource allocation is mapped to the airspace management module; the collaborative formulation of operational rules between the government and enterprises corresponds to the operational supervision module; the interactive provision of industrial policies between the government and the market forms the industrial development support module; and the multi-party participation in safety risk prevention and control constitutes the safety assurance module. These four functional modules clearly define the boundaries of authority and responsibility among different entities.

[0048] Based on the multi-center governance theory, it is divided into four functional modules: airspace management module, operation supervision module, industrial development support module and security assurance module.

[0049] Airspace management module: focuses on the planning and allocation of space resources in the low-altitude area, and is the physical space foundation for low-altitude economic operations.

[0050] Operation supervision module: The subjects and behaviors of low-altitude economic activities are the core link to ensure the standardized development of the industry.

[0051] Industrial development support module: focuses on the cultivation and sustainable development of the low-altitude economic industry, and lowers the industry entry threshold and stimulates innovation vitality through multi-dimensional support such as policies, funds, and technology.

[0052] Safety assurance module: In view of the "high risk and strong social impact" characteristics of the low-altitude economy, a full-chain safety protection system is built to prevent flight accidents, airspace conflicts and public safety risks.

[0053] Sub-elements refer to specific institutional elements that have transplant value to my country's low-altitude economic system, which are selected from the overseas low-altitude economic systems to be analyzed. They are the core objects of the evaluation.

[0054] Step 2: Construct evaluation dimensions and indicators for the development of my country's low-altitude economy;

[0055] The evaluation dimensions are based on the PESTEL model and are constructed from a macro-level perspective to assess the development of my country's low-altitude economy. Evaluation indicators are specific quantitative analysis items within each evaluation dimension, used to refine the evaluation criteria. The traditional PESTEL model is a tool for analyzing the macro-environment, covering six major dimensions: political, economic, sociocultural, technological, environmental, and legal. Using the traditional PESTEL model as the foundation for constructing the evaluation dimensions for my country's low-altitude economy, five of these dimensions are extended to form five evaluation dimensions specifically for my country's low-altitude economy: the political dimension corresponds to policy alignment, the economic dimension corresponds to economic costs, the sociocultural dimension corresponds to cultural compatibility, the technological dimension corresponds to technical feasibility, and the legal dimension corresponds to legal system coordination.

[0056] Based on the above theory, the evaluation dimensions for the development of my country's low-altitude economy include: technical feasibility, cultural compatibility, economic cost, legal system coordination, and policy orientation matching, totaling five dimensions. Each dimension is further divided into three evaluation indicators, totaling 15 evaluation indicators.

[0057] Based on the aforementioned evaluation dimensions, legal transplant adaptability theory emphasizes that the technical conditions for implementation are the material foundation for institutional transplantation, including compatibility with technical standards, the efficiency of existing information processing technologies, and the ability to independently develop key technologies. Cultural evolutionism and legal sociology emphasize that transplanted institutions must align with local cultural traditions and social values. Public support and grassroots governance culture indicators reflect the influence of social values ​​and governance habits on institutional transplantation, and legal effectiveness depends on ethical alignment. Transaction cost theory identifies direct implementation costs, corporate compliance costs, and the opportunity costs of industrial innovation as key factors in transplantation decisions. The principle of system consistency in jurisprudence requires that transplanted institutions be coordinated with the local legal spirit, normative system, and judicial practice. Policy process theory emphasizes that legal transplantation must serve national strategic goals. National strategic alignment, low-altitude economic planning alignment, and a balance between safety and innovation are indicators that, at a macro level, ensure that transplanted institutions align with national strategies and low-altitude economic planning, promoting the standardized development of the industry.

[0058] Based on the above theory, technical feasibility includes three evaluation indicators, namely: compatibility with technical standards, efficiency of existing information processing technology, and independent research and development capabilities of key technologies; cultural compatibility includes three evaluation indicators, namely: public support rate, grassroots governance culture, and industry ethics fit; economic cost includes three evaluation indicators, namely: direct cost of system implementation, corporate compliance cost burden, and industry innovation opportunity cost; legal system coordination includes three evaluation indicators, namely: consistency of legal spirit, coordination of normative system, and adaptability of judicial practice; policy orientation matching includes three evaluation indicators, namely: national strategic fit, low-altitude economic planning matching, and balance between safety and innovation.

[0059] Step 3: Score the evaluation indicators based on the entropy weight method;

[0060] To clarify the impact of various dimensions on system adaptability, a cross-disciplinary assessment team composed of experts in low-altitude economic policy research, international and domestic law, drone technology engineers, and industrial economic analysts rated the portability of the institutional elements of the U.S. dynamic classification management system for the low-altitude economy based on pre-established quantitative scoring criteria. The institutional elements of the U.S. dynamic classification management system for the low-altitude economy are the airspace classification system, the LAANC airspace approval system, and the risk-based regulatory system. The scores range from 1 to 5, accurate to one decimal place.

[0061] The quantitative scoring is based on the following:

[0062] 1 point (matching degree ≤ 20%): The system elements are in serious conflict with my country's national conditions, and there are fundamental legal contradictions, technical barriers, or economic infeasibility;

[0063] 2 points (20% < matching degree ≤ 40%): Only a few minor dimensions are adaptable, and more than 60% of the content requires systematic modification;

[0064] 3 points (40% < matching degree ≤ 60%): Some clauses are adapted, but core contradictions are prominent, and 30%-50% of the system content needs to be revised;

[0065] 4 points (60%<matching degree≤90%): Highly adapted to my country's needs, only 10%-40% of the details need to be adjusted;

[0066] 5 points (matching degree > 90%): Fully compatible with my country's legal system, technical standards, and policy guidelines, without any conflicts, and can be directly applied.

[0067] After the experts independently score, the average value is taken as the final score; for indicators with a score difference ≥ 0.5 points, the original independent score is directly replaced after a consensus score is formed through collective discussion.

[0068] Step 4: Calculate the comprehensive score of the sub-factors decomposed in step 1;

[0069] Construct the original data matrix based on the scores of the evaluation indicators ,in, Indicates the The first sub-element The original value of each indicator, i represents the sub-element number, j represents the indicator number, Indicates the number of sub-elements, Indicates the total number of indicators;

[0070] Map the original data to Interval, eliminate the dimension effect, calculate the The first sub-element The calculation formula for the standardized value of each indicator is as follows:

[0071] (6)

[0072] in, represents the normalized value, Indicates the Indicators in all The minimum value among the sub-elements, Indicates the Indicators in all The maximum value among samples; Indicates the The first sub-element The original value of each indicator;

[0073] Calculate the The first sub-element The relative weight of each indicator in the total , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0074] (7)

[0075] in, Indicates the The first sub-element The relative weight of each indicator in the total reflects the relative importance of the sub-element indicator in the overall; Indicates the Indicators in all The sum of the standard values ​​in the sub-elements;

[0076] To measure the uncertainty of the data, calculate the Information entropy of an indicator

[0077] (8)

[0078] in, Indicates the The entropy value of an indicator measures the information uncertainty of the indicator. The smaller the entropy value, the greater the data dispersion and the higher the information value. represents the natural logarithm function, which is used to quantify the uncertainty of probability distribution; Indicates that all sub-elements After removing the natural logarithm and weighted summing, if , in order to avoid the undefined problem in mathematical calculations, define ; To ensure entropy exist Normalization coefficient of the interval;

[0079] In order to objectively reflect the importance of the indicator, the information utility value is normalized and the first The weight of the indicator , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0080] (9)

[0081] in, It represents the information utility value, which reflects the effectiveness of the indicator. The smaller the entropy value, the greater the information utility value. Represents the sum of the information utility values ​​of all indicators, which is used to normalize the weights to interval, and the sum of all weights is 1, Indicates the The weight of each indicator;

[0082] For each sub-element, the original score and the corresponding indicator weight are weighted and summed to obtain a comprehensive score, which is used to compare the portability priority of institutional elements. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0083] (10)

[0084] in, Indicates the The comprehensive score of each sub-element; Indicates the The weight of each indicator; Indicates the The first sub-element The original value of each indicator; Represents the summation symbol, indicating the summation from arrive All the indicators are summed up, is the total number of indicators.

[0085] Step 5: Propose low-altitude economic system transplantation measures based on the comprehensive scoring results.

[0086] Special measures will be formulated for sub-factors with an overall score below 3.5 points.

[0087] In terms of technical feasibility, we will compare Chinese and foreign technical standards and promote the localization of key standards; deploy the technical framework locally, open up data interfaces and improve efficiency; and establish special funds to collaboratively develop core technologies.

[0088] In terms of cultural compatibility, we will carry out popular science propaganda and interaction with public opinion; formulate norms based on local governance models and train grassroots personnel; and encourage industry associations to formulate ethical conventions and incorporate them into corporate credit assessments.

[0089] In terms of economic costs, a cross-departmental coordination mechanism will be established to reduce administrative costs; tiered compliance management will be implemented to subsidize corporate compliance investments; innovative pilot zones will be established, and tax reductions and exemptions will be implemented to balance costs.

[0090] In terms of the coordination of the legal system, we will compare the legal spirit of China and foreign countries to form integrated guidelines to guide legislation; set up a special group to regularly sort out legal conflicts and establish a dynamic adjustment ledger; set up pilot courts, carry out judge training, and establish a case library to improve applicability.

[0091] In terms of policy orientation matching, legal transplantation will be incorporated into the national low-altitude economic planning, and a strategic fit assessment list will be formulated; a special module for institutional transplantation will be set up in local planning and linked with industrial layout; a dynamic assessment model will be established, the entropy weight method will be used to quantify the impact, and safety and innovation goals will be adjusted through a circuit breaker mechanism.

[0092] The present invention also relates to a system for a legal transplantation evaluation method based on an entropy weight method, wherein the system includes a computer module for running the legal transplantation evaluation method based on an entropy weight method.

[0093] Example

[0094] Step 1: To avoid over-abstraction of the overseas low-altitude economic system to be analyzed, we screen out sub-elements with potential value to my country in combination with my country's low-altitude economic development goals. That is, we disassemble and screen the U.S. low-altitude economic dynamic classification management system into three elements: airspace classification management system, LAANC airspace approval system, and risk classification management system.

[0095] In terms of the airspace classification management system, the United States implements airspace classification management in accordance with the standards recommended by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), dividing airspace into two categories: controlled areas and uncontrolled areas, including Class A (high-altitude controlled airspace), Class B (busy terminal controlled airspace), Class C (general terminal controlled airspace), Class D (airport controlled airspace), Class E (general controlled airspace) and Class G (uncontrolled airspace). Among them, Class E and Class G airspace are mainly related to low-altitude economy.

[0096] The LAANC airspace authorization system is an online service platform promoted by the FAA for digitally approving low-altitude airspace use applications and dynamically monitoring low-altitude airspace usage. It supports self-service flight application submission. According to reports, the project divides airspace into a large "block" network, allowing drone companies to select the blocks they need to access. Its key functions include providing information on airspace accessibility, approving drone pilots' requests for use of controlled areas at or below 400 feet, providing real-time updates on temporary flight restrictions (TFRs) and special use airspace (SUA) schedules, and providing air traffic management personnel with information on drone flight locations and times. The platform uses an automated application developed by an FAA-approved UAS Service Provider (USS). The application checks requests against multiple airspace data sources in the FAA UAS Data Exchange, including UAS facility maps, special use airspace data, airport and airspace categories, temporary flight restrictions (TFRs), and notices to airmen (NOTAMs). Pilots can apply for airspace use online and receive authorization to use the airspace in real time, automating the airspace authorization application and approval process.

[0097] Risk-based regulation is based on the US risk classification system, which categorizes drone flight risks into different levels based on multiple factors, including weight, altitude, flight area, and flight purpose. Differentiated regulatory measures are then implemented for each risk level. For example, small, low-risk drones operating short distances and low altitudes in open areas are subject to relatively relaxed regulations, with simplified approval processes and even self-certification permitted. Large, high-risk drones operating in densely populated or sensitive areas, or in complex scenarios such as commercial operations, are subject to a rigorous approval process, with higher requirements for equipment performance and operator qualifications, and are subject to more frequent supervisory inspections during flight.

[0098] Step 2: Construct a five-dimensional evaluation framework and 15 evaluation indicators for the development of my country's low-altitude economy;

[0099] Step 3: To clarify the impact of each dimension on system adaptability, score the portability of the system elements of the U.S. dynamic classification management system based on the five evaluation dimensions and 15 evaluation indicators in the table. The score range is 1-5, accurate to one decimal place. The specific scoring results are shown in Table 1.

[0100] Table 1

[0101]

[0102] Step 4: Calculate the comprehensive score of the sub-factors decomposed in step 1;

[0103] Construct the original data matrix based on the scores of the evaluation indicators ,in, Indicates the The first sub-element The original value of each indicator, i represents the sub-element number, j represents the indicator number, Indicates the number of sub-elements, Indicates the total number of indicators;

[0104] Map the original data to Interval, eliminate the dimension effect, calculate the The first sub-element The calculation formula for the standardized value of each indicator is as follows:

[0105] (11)

[0106] in, represents the normalized value, Indicates the Indicators in all The minimum value among the sub-elements, Indicates the Indicators in all The maximum value among samples; Indicates the The first sub-element The original value of each indicator;

[0107] Substitute the original data into formula (11) to obtain the standardized value. The calculation results are shown in Table 2:

[0108] Table 2

[0109]

[0110] In Tables 2 to 5, the letters indicating the indicators have the following meanings: A1- compatibility with technical standards, A2- efficiency of existing information processing technology, A3- independent research and development capabilities of key technologies, B1- public support rate, B2- grassroots governance culture, B3- industry ethics fit, C1- direct cost of system implementation, C2- corporate compliance cost burden, C3- opportunity cost of industry innovation, D1- consistency of legal spirit, D2- coordination of regulatory system, D3- adaptability of judicial practice, E1- fit with national strategy, E2- matching degree of low-altitude economic planning, E3- balance between safety and innovation.

[0111] Calculate the The first sub-element The relative weight of each indicator in the total , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0112] (12)

[0113] in, Indicates the The first sub-element The relative weight of each indicator in the total reflects the relative importance of the sub-element indicator in the overall; Indicates the Indicators in all The sum of the standard values ​​in the sub-elements;

[0114] Substituting each indicator j into formula (12), the calculation results are shown in Table 3:

[0115] Table 3

[0116]

[0117] To measure the uncertainty of the data, calculate the Information entropy of an indicator

[0118] (13)

[0119] in, Indicates the The entropy value of an indicator measures the information uncertainty of the indicator. The smaller the entropy value, the greater the data dispersion and the higher the information value. represents the natural logarithm function, which is used to quantify the uncertainty of probability distribution; Indicates that all sub-elements After removing the natural logarithm and weighted summing, if , in order to avoid the undefined problem in mathematical calculations, define ; To ensure entropy exist Normalization coefficient of the interval; when hour, .

[0120] Will , Substitute the value of into formula (13), and the calculation results are shown in Table 4:

[0121] Table 4

[0122]

[0123] In order to objectively reflect the importance of the indicator, the information utility value is normalized and the first The weight of the indicator , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0124] (14)

[0125] in, It represents the information utility value, which reflects the effectiveness of the indicator. The smaller the entropy value, the greater the information utility value. Represents the sum of the information utility values ​​of all indicators, which is used to normalize the weights to interval, and the sum of all weights is 1, Indicates the The weights of the indicators are calculated and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0126] Table 5

[0127]

[0128] For each sub-element, the original score and the corresponding indicator weight are weighted and summed to obtain a comprehensive score, which is used to compare the portability priority of institutional elements. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0129] (15)

[0130] in, Indicates the The comprehensive score of each sub-element; Indicates the The weight of each indicator; Indicates the The first sub-element The original value of each indicator; Represents the summation symbol, indicating the summation from arrive All the indicators are summed up, is the total number of indicators.

[0131] Regarding the airspace classification management system, Substituting into formula (15), we can calculate S1=3.36.

[0132] For the LAANC airspace approval system, Substituting into formula (15), we can calculate S2=4.03.

[0133] For the risk classification management system, Substituting into formula (15), we can calculate S3=3.33.

[0134] Step 5: Design targeted reform plans, developing specific measures for sub-elements and indicators scoring below 3.5. The following factors met the reform requirements: the enterprise compliance cost burden, direct implementation costs, and compatibility with judicial practice under the airspace classification management system; and the enterprise compliance cost burden and regulatory system coordination under the risk classification management system.

[0135] In response to the compliance costs of enterprises under the airspace classification management system, a tiered and classified management system is implemented: small enterprises only need to meet basic requirements such as flight safety and basic information reporting, while large enterprises need to establish a comprehensive safety management system; at the same time, policies such as financial support and free compliance consulting from industry associations will be used to reduce the burden on enterprises. In terms of the direct costs of implementing the system, a cross-departmental joint meeting mechanism will be established to clarify responsibilities and reduce administrative friction, increase the research and development of information management technologies and the application of domestic airspace management systems, and ensure the rational allocation of resources through public cost budgets and social supervision. In terms of judicial practice adaptability, judicial personnel will be organized to participate in low-altitude economic law training, focusing on the differences in airspace management between China and the United States, establish a comparative database of Chinese and American laws, and introduce experts to conduct joint case studies to enhance the ability to connect with judicial practice.

[0136] The risk-based regulatory system's corporate compliance cost management should draw on US experience while integrating it with my country's realities. Flexible standards should be set based on the company's growth stage: Lower compliance thresholds for startups, primarily through guidance and support, while requirements for mature enterprises should be gradually raised. At the same time, legal provisions on compliance costs should be refined, and a corporate complaints mechanism should be established to address excessive costs. Regarding regulatory system coordination, a dedicated task force composed of legal experts, regulatory authorities, and corporate representatives should be established to regularly review conflicts between Chinese and US laws and establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism. This should also promote the compatibility of Chinese laws with international standards during the development of international low-altitude economic rules, enhancing the system's capacity for institutional acceptance and integration.

[0137] The above contents of the present invention are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation scheme of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can easily make corresponding changes or modifications based on the main concepts and spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be based on the scope of protection required by the claims.

Claims

1. A legal transplantation evaluation method based on entropy weight method, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Divide the overseas low-altitude economic system to be analyzed into functional modules based on the polycentric governance theory, and then disassemble the overseas low-altitude economic system to be analyzed into several sub-elements; Step 2: Construct evaluation dimensions and indicators for the development of my country's low-altitude economy; Step 3: Score the evaluation indicators based on the entropy weight method; Step 4: Calculate the comprehensive score of the sub-factors decomposed in step 1; Step 5: Propose low-altitude economic system transplantation measures based on the comprehensive scoring results.

2. The method for evaluating legal transplantation based on entropy weight method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 1, the overseas low-altitude economic system to be analyzed refers to the dynamic classification management system of the low-altitude economy of the United States.

3. The method for evaluating legal transplantation based on entropy weight method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 1, the functional modules are divided according to the polycentric governance theory, which means that the allocation of airspace resources led by the government is mapped to the airspace management module, the formulation of operation rules in collaboration between the government and enterprises corresponds to the operation supervision module, the supply of industrial policies in interaction between the government and the market forms the industrial development support module, and the security risk prevention and control with the participation of multiple subjects constitutes the security assurance module. The functional modules include: airspace management module, operation supervision module, industrial development support module and safety assurance module.

4. The method for evaluating legal transplantation based on entropy weight method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the evaluation dimensions for the development of my country's low-altitude economy are constructed based on the traditional PESTEL model. The five dimensions in the model are extended to form five evaluation dimensions for the development of my country's low-altitude economy, namely, the political dimension corresponds to the policy orientation matching, the economic dimension corresponds to the economic cost, the social and cultural dimension corresponds to the cultural compatibility, the technical dimension corresponds to the technical feasibility, and the legal dimension corresponds to the coordination of the legal system.

5. The method for evaluating legal transplantation based on entropy weight method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the evaluation dimensions include: technical feasibility, cultural compatibility, economic cost, legal system coordination and policy orientation matching.

6. The method for evaluating legal transplantation based on entropy weight method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the technical feasibility includes three evaluation indicators, namely: compatibility with technical standards, efficiency of existing information processing technology, and independent research and development capabilities of key technologies; the cultural compatibility includes three evaluation indicators, namely: public support rate, grassroots governance culture, and industry ethics fit; the economic cost includes three evaluation indicators, namely: direct cost of system implementation, corporate compliance cost burden, and industry innovation opportunity cost; the legal system coordination includes three evaluation indicators, namely: consistency of legal spirit, coordination of normative system, and adaptability of judicial practice; the policy orientation matching includes three evaluation indicators, namely: national strategic fit, low-altitude economic planning matching, and balance between safety and innovation.

7. The method for evaluating legal transplantation based on entropy weight method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 3, the portability of the institutional elements of the dynamic classification management system of the U.S. low-altitude economy is scored according to the evaluation indicators; the sub-elements of the dynamic classification management system of the U.S. low-altitude economy refer to the airspace classification system, the LAANC airspace approval system, and the risk classification supervision system.

8. The method for evaluating legal transplantation based on entropy weight method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 4, the comprehensive score of the sub-factors is calculated as follows: Construct the original data matrix based on the scores of the evaluation indicators ,in, Indicates the The first sub-element The original value of each indicator, i represents the sub-element number, j represents the indicator number, Indicates the number of sub-elements, Indicates the total number of indicators; Map the original data to Interval, eliminate the dimension effect, calculate the The first sub-element The calculation formula for the standardized value of each indicator is as follows: （1） in, represents the normalized value, Indicates the Indicators in all The minimum value among the sub-elements, Indicates the Indicators in all The maximum value among samples; Indicates the The first sub-element The original value of each indicator; Calculate the The first sub-element The relative weight of each indicator in the total , the calculation formula is as follows: （2） in, Indicates the The first sub-element The relative weight of each indicator in the total reflects the relative importance of the sub-element indicator in the overall; Indicates the Indicators in all The sum of the standard values ​​in the sub-elements; To measure the uncertainty of the data, calculate the Information entropy of an indicator （3） in, Indicates the The entropy value of each indicator; represents the natural logarithm function, which is used to quantify the uncertainty of probability distribution; Indicates that all sub-elements After removing the natural logarithm and weighted summing, if , in order to avoid the undefined problem in mathematical calculations, define ; To ensure entropy exist Normalization coefficient of the interval; In order to objectively reflect the importance of the indicator, the information utility value is normalized and the first The weight of the indicator , the calculation formula is as follows: （4） in, represents the information utility value, Represents the sum of the information utility values ​​of all indicators, which is used to normalize the weights to interval, and the sum of all weights is 1, Indicates the The weight of each indicator; For each sub-element, the original score and the corresponding indicator weight are weighted and summed to obtain a comprehensive score, which is used to compare the portability priority of institutional elements. The calculation formula is as follows: （5） in, Indicates the The comprehensive score of each sub-element; Indicates the The weight of each indicator; Indicates the The first sub-element The original value of each indicator; Represents the summation symbol, indicating the summation from arrive All the indicators are summed up, is the total number of indicators.

9. The method for evaluating legal transplantation based on entropy weight method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 5, for the sub-factors with a comprehensive score lower than 3.5 points calculated in step 4, special measures are formulated from the perspective of the evaluation dimension, as follows: In terms of technical feasibility, we will compare Chinese and foreign technical standards and promote the localization of key standards; deploy technical frameworks locally and open up data interfaces to improve efficiency; establish special funds to collaborate on the research and development of core technologies; In terms of cultural compatibility, we will conduct popular science education and interact with public opinion; formulate standards based on local governance models and train grassroots personnel; and promote industry associations to formulate ethical conventions and incorporate them into corporate credit assessments. In terms of economic costs, we will establish a cross-departmental coordination mechanism to reduce administrative costs; implement tiered compliance management and subsidize corporate compliance investments; Establish innovative pilot zones and implement tax breaks to balance costs; In terms of legal system coordination, we will compare the legal spirit of China and foreign countries to form integrated guidelines for legislation; set up a special team to regularly sort out legal conflicts and establish a dynamic adjustment ledger; Establish pilot courts, conduct judge training, and build a case database to enhance applicability; In terms of policy orientation matching, legal transplantation will be incorporated into the national low-altitude economic planning, and a strategic fit assessment list will be formulated; a special module for institutional transplantation will be set up in local planning and linked with industrial layout; a dynamic assessment model will be established, the entropy weight method will be used to quantify the impact, and safety and innovation goals will be adjusted through a circuit breaker mechanism.

10. A system for implementing the legal transplantation evaluation method based on entropy weight method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The system includes a computer module for running a legal transplantation evaluation method based on an entropy weight method.

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