Unmanned aerial vehicle type plume absorbing and purifying device based on deep-sea mining operation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of underwater unmanned aerial vehicles and plume suction and purification, in particular to an unmanned aerial vehicle type plume suction and purification device based on deep-sea mining operation, which comprises a guide pipe paddle body structure capable of outputting jet flow towards multiple directions to form reverse thrust to maintain the stability of a foundation frame body structure; a pump suction inlet end and a pump suction outlet end are respectively arranged at the cutter suction power end of the plume cutter suction conduction structure along two end parts of a cutter suction passage of the plume cutter suction conduction structure; the plume filtering structure comprises a multi-stage filtering screen part and a filtering cotton core part which are sequentially connected; the input end part of the multi-stage filter screen part is communicated with the pump suction outlet end of the plume cutter suction conveying structure, the sediment outlet end of the multi-stage filter screen part is communicated with a sediment bottom discharge pipeline, and the water body outlet end of the filter cotton core part is communicated with a filtered water body pipeline; the technical problem that in the prior art, for bottom mud diffusion plume caused in the deep-sea mining process, the effect of restraining plume diffusion only by improving mining and advancing structures is poor is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of underwater drones, plume suction and purification technologies, and in particular to a drone-type plume absorption and purification device based on deep-sea mining operations. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, deep-sea mineral resource exploration and development has become a hot research topic of particular interest to the mining industry. The current mainstream approach to deep-sea mining relies on the same techniques and processes used for onshore mining: adapting land-based mining vehicles for underwater use, such as underwater crawler ore collectors.

[0003] With technological advancements and innovations, research and development efforts in deep-sea mining have intensified. Through repeated refinement and testing, underwater drone technology has emerged. While the application of underwater drone technology has improved the efficiency, operability, and adaptability of deep-sea mining systems, certain limitations still exist.

[0004] Current underwater drone applications generally use underwater cameras, underwater grippers, and underwater data collection as their core functions. To address the plume diffusion problem generated during deep-sea mining, some devices directly reduce plume diffusion based on improvements in mining methods and travel modes. However, in actual mining operations, affected by terrain, geology, and water flow conditions, plume diffusion problems are still inevitable downstream (behind) the mining operation area. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a drone-type plume absorption and purification device based on deep-sea mining operations, so as to solve the technical problem in the prior art of poor effect in suppressing plume diffusion caused by bottom mud diffusion during deep-sea mining by improving the mining and traveling structure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a drone-type plume absorption and purification device based on deep-sea mining operations, comprising: Basic frame structure; A ducted propeller structure is assembled on the basic frame structure, and the ducted propeller structure is capable of outputting jets in multiple directions and forming reverse thrust to maintain the stability of the basic frame structure; The plume suction and delivery structure is assembled on the basic frame structure, and the suction power end of the plume suction and delivery structure is provided with a pump suction inlet end and a pump suction outlet end along the two ends of its suction passage, and the pump suction inlet end and the pump suction outlet end are connected to each other; The plume filtering structure includes a multi-stage filter screen portion and a filter cotton core portion connected in sequence; The input end of the multi-stage filter screen part is connected to the pump suction outlet end of the plume suction and conveying structure, and the sediment outlet end of the multi-stage filter screen part is connected to the sediment bottom discharge pipeline, and the water outlet end of the filter cotton core part is connected to the filtered water pipeline.

[0007] Furthermore, the duct propeller structure is provided in several groups, and the duct propeller structure in the several groups is all facing away from the basic frame structure and is arranged at an angle of 45 degrees.

[0008] Furthermore, the basic frame structure includes a basic frame body, and each group of the ducted propeller structures includes a directional jet duct, a ducted propeller hub and a ducted propeller blade; several groups of the directional jet ducts are respectively assembled at different positions on the upper part of the basic frame body, and the jet directions of several groups of the directional jet ducts are all facing away from the basic frame body and are arranged at different directions at an angle of 45 degrees; the ducted propeller hub adapter is assembled inside the directional jet duct, and the outer side wall of the ducted propeller hub is equipped with several ducted propeller blades. The buoyancy generated by the rotation of the ducted propeller blades cooperates with the directional jet effect of the directional jet duct to keep the basic frame body stable underwater.

[0009] Furthermore, the duct propeller structure further includes a buoyancy control component, and the buoyancy control component is assembled inside the base frame body.

[0010] Furthermore, the drone-type plume absorption and purification device based on deep-sea mining operations also includes a positioning vision structure, a positioning navigation structure and a plume blocking structure. The plume blocking structure includes a plume monitor, which is used to detect the diffusion range and concentration of the plume through the cooperation of the plume monitor and the positioning vision structure, and the positioning navigation structure is used to indicate the distribution range and distance information of the diffused plume.

[0011] Furthermore, the plume blocking structure also includes a diffusion blocking assembly, which includes a curtain accommodating bin, a curtain retraction chain and a blocking curtain cloth. The curtain accommodating bin is assembled at the front side position of the basic frame body; the curtain retraction chain is wound around an electrically controlled retraction roller arranged inside the curtain accommodating bin; the blocking curtain cloth is extended and fixedly connected to the curtain retraction chain, and when the blocking curtain cloth is released, the blocking curtain cloth is correspondingly located at the front lower position of the basic frame body.

[0012] Furthermore, the drone-type plume absorption and purification device based on deep-sea mining operations is characterized in that it also includes a plume air-blocking structure, which includes an air pump and an air-blowing pipeline connected to the output end of the air pump; the output end of the air-blowing pipeline extends and is assembled to the side parts of the two groups of the curtain retraction and extension chains, and the airflow output by the air-blowing pipeline is directed toward the front position of the flow-blocking curtain.

[0013] Furthermore, the plume suction and delivery structure includes a suction pump drive motor, a volute pump casing, a shaft seal seat, a pump body impeller and a suction blade; the base of the suction pump drive motor is assembled at an internal position of the basic frame body; the volute pump casing is assembled at an internal position of the basic frame body, and the volute pump casing is respectively connected to the pump suction inlet end and the pump suction outlet end; the pump suction inlet end corresponds to a front side position of the basic frame body, and the pump suction outlet end extends to the top position of the basic frame body.

[0014] Furthermore, the plume blocking structure also includes a flocculant delivery component; the flocculant delivery component includes a flocculant delivery pipe and a flocculant docking part; the flocculant delivery component is assembled on the basic frame body; the flocculant docking part is connected to the other end of the flocculant delivery component, and the flocculant docking part is connected to the pump suction outlet end.

[0015] Furthermore, the drone-type plume absorption and purification device based on deep-sea mining operations also includes a sand filtering and brushing structure, which includes a brush head drive assembly and a sand filtering brush head, and the base of the brush head drive assembly is assembled on the basic frame body; a transmission assembly is arranged between the sand filtering brush head and the kinetic energy output end of the brush head drive assembly, and the running displacement path of the sand filtering brush head corresponds to the extension surface of the multi-stage filter screen part.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The device can use the basic frame structure as the assembly basis of the overall structure, and can use the electronic control structure to cooperate with the positioning vision structure, positioning navigation structure and duct propeller structure to form a remote electronically controlled underwater UAV structure. In addition, it can also use the plume blocking structure to effectively push the seabed mud diffusion plume gathered in front, and use the plume suction and transmission structure to actively absorb the gathered diffusion plume, and then the actively adsorbed diffusion plume can be transmitted to the plume filtration structure and the sand filter brushing structure to realize plume purification and sand filtration separation.

[0017] 2. The drone-type plume absorption and purification device is simultaneously equipped with plume diffusion suppression equipment, plume suction equipment, and plume purification and discharge equipment, which can realize the automated capture, positioning, suppression, suction, purification and transportation of plume diffusion. Compared with the traditional idea of ​​reducing plume diffusion by improving the operation and travel mode of mining vehicles, the drone-type plume absorption and purification device has the significant advantages of low environmental pollution, high efficiency, convenient operation, high degree of automation and low cost for plume suppression and treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A front view of the overall structure of a drone-type plume absorption and purification device for deep-sea mining operations provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A side view of the overall structure of a drone-type plume absorption and purification device for deep-sea mining operations provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 A top view of the overall structure of a drone-type plume absorption and purification device for deep-sea mining operations provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagrams of the side and front views of the duct paddle structure in the drone-type plume absorption and purification device for deep-sea mining operations provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a partial front and side view of the plume suction and conveying structure of the drone-type plume absorption and purification device for deep-sea mining operations provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of the plume suction and conduction structure corresponding to the pump suction end in the drone-type plume absorption and purification device for deep-sea mining operations provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the operational assembly structure of the plume filtration structure and the sand filter brushing structure of the drone-type plume absorption and purification device for deep-sea mining operations provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic side view of the overall structure of the drone-type plume absorption and purification device for deep-sea mining operations provided in Example 2 of the present invention, after the extended pumping assembly is added; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall top view of the structure of the drone-type plume absorption and purification device for deep-sea mining operations provided in Example 2 of the present invention, after the extended pump suction assembly is added.

[0020] Description of reference numerals: 1. Basic frame structure; 11. Basic frame body; 12. Mooring buckle frame; 2. Positioning vision structure; 21. Underwater camera assembly; 22. Underwater lighting assembly; 3. Positioning navigation structure; 31. Positioning navigator; 32. Pressure and depth sensor; 33. Rangefinder; 4. Plume blocking structure; 41. Plume monitor; 42. Diffusion blocking assembly; 421. Curtain storage compartment; 422. Curtain retractable chain; 423. Blocking curtain cloth; 43. Flocculant delivery assembly; 431. Flocculant delivery pipe; 432. Flocculant docking unit; 5. Plume filtration structure; 51. Multi-stage filtration screen; 52. Filter cotton core; 53. Sedimentation grid; 54. Sedimentation funnel; 55. Sediment bottom discharge pipeline; 56. Filtered water pipeline; 5 7. Low-pressure switch; 6. Plume suction and delivery structure; 61. Suction pump drive motor; 62. Volute pump casing; 63. Shaft seal seat; 64. Pump impeller; 65. Suction blades; 66. Pump suction inlet; 661. Electric telescopic rod frame; 662. Articulated shaft; 663. Filter screen; 664. Extended pump suction assembly; 67. Pump suction outlet; 68. Sealing auxiliary blades; 69. Deweighting block; 7. Duct propeller structure; 71. Directional jet duct; 72. Duct propeller hub; 73. Duct propeller blades; 74. Buoyancy control assembly; 8. Sand filter brush removal structure; 81. Brush head drive assembly; 82. Sand filter brush head; 83. Distance sensor; 9. Electronic control structure; 91. Mobile power supply; 92. Water temperature sensor; 93. Optical cable socket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a UAV-type plume absorption and purification device based on deep-sea mining operations, including a basic frame structure 1, a positioning vision structure 2, a positioning navigation structure 3, a plume blocking structure 4, a plume filtering structure 5, a plume suction and guiding structure 6, a duct paddle structure 7, a sand filter brushing structure 8 and an electric control structure 9. The basic frame structure 1 is used to effectively serve as the assembly basis of the overall structure. At the same time, the electric control structure 9 can be used to cooperate with the positioning vision structure 2, the positioning navigation structure 3 and the duct paddle structure 7 to effectively form a remote electrically controlled underwater UAV structure. In addition, the plume blocking structure 4 can be used to effectively push the seabed mud diffusion plume in front of the collection, and the plume suction and guiding structure 6 can be used to actively absorb the collected diffusion plume, and then the actively absorbed diffusion plume can be further transmitted to the plume filtering structure 5 and the sand filter brushing structure 8 to achieve plume purification and sand filtration separation. The drone-type plume absorption and purification device is equipped with plume diffusion suppression equipment, plume suction equipment, and plume purification and discharge equipment, which can automatically capture, locate, suppress, suction, purify, and transport plume diffusion. Compared with the traditional approach of reducing plume diffusion by improving the operation and travel mode of mining vehicles, the drone-type plume absorption and purification device has the significant advantages of low environmental pollution, high efficiency, convenient operation, high degree of automation, and low cost for plume suppression and treatment, thus improving its functional practicality. The specific settings are as follows: Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The basic frame structure 1 includes a basic frame body 11 and a cable buckle frame 12 fixedly assembled on the basic frame body 11, so as to effectively use the basic frame body 11 as the installation basis of the overall structure, and the cable buckle frame 12 can be used as the positioning basis of optical cables, electrical cables and ropes.

[0027] During the above operation, the UAV is subjected to a huge downward force due to the weight of the plume suction and delivery structure 6 and other components as well as the UAV itself. Therefore, the duct propeller structure 7 is designed to balance the overall weight.

[0028] Specifically, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The duct propeller structure 7 is provided in several groups, and several groups of the duct propeller structures 7 are fixedly assembled on the upper position of the basic frame structure 1, and several groups of the duct propeller structures 7 are all facing away from the basic frame structure 1 and are inclined at an angle of 45 degrees.

[0029] For more details, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 Each group of the ducted propeller structure 7 includes a directional jet duct 71, a ducted propeller hub 72 and a ducted propeller blade 73; wherein, several groups of the directional jet ducts 71 are respectively fixedly assembled at different positions on the upper part of the base frame body 11, and the jet directions of several groups of the directional jet ducts 71 are all facing away from the base frame body 11 and are arranged at different directions at an angle of 45 degrees; the ducted propeller hub 72 is adapted to be installed inside the directional jet duct 71, and the outer wall of the ducted propeller hub 72 is fixedly assembled with several ducted propeller blades 73; the buoyancy generated by the rotation of the ducted propeller blades 73 is combined with the directional jet effect of the directional jet duct 71 to effectively stabilize the base frame body 11 underwater, and at the same time, the 45-degree inclination of the ducted propeller blades 73 can effectively prevent the jet generated by the directional jet duct 71 from disturbing the seabed, thereby avoiding the diffusion of bottom mud, reducing damage to the underwater environment, and improving the overall functional practicality.

[0030] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, the duct propeller structure 7 also includes a buoyancy control component 74, which is fixedly assembled inside the basic frame body 11, and the buoyancy control component 74 can adopt but is not limited to a controllable inflatable buoyancy structure, so as to further balance the overall weight of the device, the suction force of the plume suction and guide structure 6 and the jet impact force of the plume blocking structure 4 in the application state through the buoyancy control component 74 in cooperation with the duct propeller structure 7, thereby improving the operation stability of the device.

[0031] Please continue to refer to Figures 1 to 3The positioning vision structure 2 includes an underwater camera assembly 21 and an underwater lighting assembly 22, the positioning navigation structure 3 includes a positioning navigator 31, a pressure and depth sensor 32 and a rangefinder 33, and the plume blocking structure 4 includes a plume monitor 41; wherein, the underwater camera assembly 21 and the underwater lighting assembly 22 are each provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of the underwater camera assembly 21 and the plurality of groups of the underwater lighting assembly 22 are fixedly assembled at intervals at the front and bottom positions of the basic frame body 11; the positioning navigator 31 is fixedly assembled at the top position of the basic frame body 11; the pressure and depth sensor 32 and the rangefinder 33 are fixedly assembled at the bottom position of the basic frame body 11; the plume monitor 41 is used to cooperate with the positioning vision structure 2 to effectively detect and obtain relevant information such as the diffusion range and concentration of the plume, and at the same time, the positioning navigation structure 3 can be used to further indicate information such as the distribution range, position and distance of the diffusion plume of the mining operation.

[0032] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The plume blocking structure 4 also includes a diffusion blocking component 42, which includes a curtain accommodating bin 421, a curtain retracting and extending chain 422 and a blocking curtain 423; wherein, the curtain accommodating bin 421 is fixedly assembled and arranged at the front side position of the basic frame body 11, the curtain retracting and extending chain 422 is wound around an electrically controlled retracting and extending roller arranged inside the curtain accommodating bin 421, and the blocking curtain 423 is extended and fixedly arranged on the curtain retracting and extending chain 422, and when the blocking curtain 423 is released, the blocking curtain 423 is located at the front lower position of the basic frame body 11, so as to use the blocking curtain 423 to effectively push and collect the seabed mud in front to diffuse the plume.

[0033] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, the drone-type plume absorption and purification device also includes a plume air-blocking structure, which includes an air pump and an air-blowing pipeline connected and assembled at the output end of the air pump. The output end of the air-blowing pipeline extends and is assembled to the side parts of the two sets of the curtain retraction and extension chains 422, and the airflow output by the air-blowing pipeline is toward the front position of the flow-blocking curtain 423, so as to utilize the airflow output by the plume air-blocking structure to reversely push the water overflowing to both sides when the flow-blocking curtain 423 moves, thereby further improving the plume convergence corresponding to the front of the flow-blocking curtain 423.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6, the plume suction and delivery structure 6 includes a suction pump drive motor 61, a volute pump casing 62, a shaft seal seat 63, a pump body impeller 64 and a suction blade 65; wherein, the base of the suction pump drive motor 61 is fixedly assembled at the internal position of the basic frame body 11, the volute pump casing 62 is fixedly assembled at the internal position of the basic frame body 11, and the volute pump casing 62 is respectively connected to a pump suction inlet end 66 and a pump suction outlet end 67; the pump suction inlet end 66 corresponds to the front side position of the basic frame body 11, and the pump suction outlet end 67 extends to the top position of the basic frame body 11, so as to serve as the pump suction end for diffusing the plume through the pump suction inlet end 66, and at the same time, the pump suction outlet end 67 is effectively connected to the plume blocking structure 4 and the plume filtering structure 5 to realize plume purification and sand filtration separation; the delivery of the suction pump drive motor 61 The output shaft passes through and extends to the interior of the volute pump casing 62, and the shaft seal seat 63 is closed and fixedly assembled on the outside of the volute pump casing 62, and the shaft seal seat 63 is correspondingly fitted and surrounded by the outer side of the output shaft of the suction pump drive motor 61 through a sealing ring, so as to effectively improve the sealing performance of the volute pump casing 62 at the shaft connection position through the shaft seal seat 63; the pump body impeller 64 is transfer-assembled and arranged in the internal position of the volute pump casing 62, and one side wall of the pump body impeller 64 is evenly fixedly provided with six groups of suction blades 65, and the suction pump drive motor 61 is connected with the output shaft inside the volute pump casing 62 and the rotating shaft of the pump body impeller 64 through a transmission fixed assembly, so as to drive the pump body impeller 64 through the suction pump drive motor 61 to effectively form a suction and conduction effect for pushing, converging and diffusing plumes from the inside of the volute pump casing 62.

[0035] The front side of the pump suction port 66 also has an electric telescopic rod frame 661, a hinged shaft portion 662 and a filter screen 663; specifically, the two ends of the top side of the pump suction port 66 are respectively connected to the one end of the two groups of the electric telescopic rod frames 661 by connecting and assembling, and the other ends of the two groups of the electric telescopic rod frames 661 are respectively connected to the two ends of the top side rods of the filter screen 663 by connecting and assembling through the hinged shaft portion 662, and the bottom side rod portion of the filter screen 663 is connected to the bottom side of the pump suction port 66 by the hinged shaft portion 662. The edges are connected and assembled; the plume monitor 41 is fixedly assembled on the top rod of the filter 663, and the flow-blocking curtain 423 is correspondingly extended below the bottom edge of the pump suction port 66; the above-mentioned setting is used to effectively set a foldable filter 663 at the pump suction port 66 to avoid the accidental collection of large blocks such as crushed ore, and at the same time, the electric telescopic rod frame 661 and the hinged shaft 662 can be used to make the external extension length, angle and extension area of ​​the filter 663 flexibly adjustable, thereby effectively improving the adaptability and practicality of the structural function.

[0036] As another preferred solution of this embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 5 The cutter suction blades 65 are configured in a three-dimensional twisted shape to increase the suction effect while improving efficiency and lift pressure.

[0037] As another preferred solution of this embodiment, a number of sealing auxiliary blades 68 are evenly fixedly provided on the other side wall of the pump body impeller 64, so that the sealing auxiliary blades 68 are used as back blades to rotate coaxially with the suction blades 65. Therefore, when the suction plume of the suction blades 65 flows to the sealing auxiliary blades 68, the pressure generated by the rotation of the sealing auxiliary blades 68 effectively balances the axial force and plays a certain shaft sealing role.

[0038] As another preferred solution of this embodiment, a deweighting block 69 is fixedly installed on one side of the pump body impeller 64, so as to utilize the deweighting block 69 to effectively prevent the unbalanced vibration of the suction pump body impeller 64 during rotation, thereby further helping to improve the service life of the plume suction conveying structure 6.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 、 Figure 7 The plume blocking structure 4 also includes a flocculant delivery component 43, and the flocculant delivery component 43 includes a flocculant delivery pipe 431 and a flocculant docking portion 432; wherein, the flocculant delivery component 43 is fixedly assembled on the basic frame body 11, so as to be connected to the flocculant container through one end of the flocculant delivery component 43; the flocculant docking portion 432 is connected to the other end of the flocculant delivery component 43, and the flocculant docking portion 432 is connected to the pump suction outlet end 67, so as to utilize the flocculant continuously input by the flocculant docking portion 432 to make the plume output from the pump suction outlet end 67 flocculate, and form large flocculent particles as much as possible.

[0040] Please continue to refer to Figure 7The plume filtering structure 5 includes a multi-stage filter screen part 51, a filter cotton core part 52, a sand settling grid 53, a sand settling funnel 54, a sediment bottom discharge pipe 55 and a filtered water pipe 56, which are respectively fixedly assembled on the basic frame body 11; wherein, the input end of the multi-stage filter screen part 51 is connected to the flocculant docking part 432, so as to enable the flocculated plume to be further transported to the multi-stage filter screen part 51 to achieve multi-stage filtration of the plume; the filter cotton core part 52 is set as a pp cotton filter component, and the input end of the filter cotton core part 52 is correspondingly connected to the output end of the multi-stage filter screen part 51, so as to further filter the plume after being filtered by the multi-stage filter screen part 51. The filter cotton core 52 is used to filter out tiny or residual mud, making the filtered plume cleaner; the desilting grid 53 is located correspondingly below the multi-stage filtration screen portion 51, and the inlet end of the desilting funnel 54 is located correspondingly below the desilting grid 53. One end of the sediment bottom discharge pipe 55 is connected to the outlet end of the desilting funnel 54, and the other end of the sediment bottom discharge pipe 55 extends to the rear lower position of the basic frame body 11, so as to discharge the filtered sediment from a low place to the seabed; one end of the filtered water pipe 56 is connected and assembled with the output end of the filter cotton core 52, so as to discharge the water after the plume is filtered of sediment to the outside.

[0041] The pipeline between the multi-stage filter screen portion 51 and the filter cotton core portion 52, the sediment bottom discharge pipeline 55, and the filtered water pipeline 56 are all equipped with a low-pressure switch 57, which is used to make the plume filtration more complete with the help of the low-pressure switch 57, and at the same time make it easier to discharge the deposited sediment.

[0042] Please continue to refer to Figure 7 The sand filtering and brushing structure 8 includes a brush head driving assembly 81, a sand filtering brush head 82 and a distance sensor 83; wherein, the base of the brush head driving assembly 81 is fixedly assembled on the basic frame body 11, and the sand filtering brush head 82 is connected to the kinetic energy output end of the brush head driving assembly 81 by a transmission assembly, and the running displacement path of the sand filtering brush head 82 corresponds to the extension surface of the multi-stage filtering screen part 51, so as to regularly scrape the accumulated sediment in the multi-stage filtering screen part 51 through the sand filtering brush head 82; the distance sensor 83 is fixedly assembled on the sand settling grid 53, so as to use the distance sensor 83 to monitor the advancing and retreating positions of the sand filtering brush head 82 in real time to avoid excessive displacement.

[0043] The electric control structure 9 includes a mobile power supply 91, a water temperature sensor 92 and an optical cable socket 93; wherein, the mobile power supply 91 is fixedly assembled on one side of the basic frame body 11 to balance the overall weight of the device, ensure that the center of gravity of the entire device is closer to the center position, and thereby enhance the stability of the UAV device during operation; the water temperature sensor 92 is fixedly assembled on the top position of the basic frame body 11 to effectively monitor the underwater environmental temperature in real time through the water temperature sensor 92; the optical cable socket 93 is fixedly assembled on one side of the basic frame body 11 to plug in the weightless cable and optical cable through the optical cable socket 93, and at the same time, the weightless cable, optical cable and self-floating cable can be further positioned with the help of the mooring buckle 12 and then extended to the surface equipment.

[0044] It should be noted that the mobile power supply 91 is also electrically connected to a control module, which is fixedly assembled on the base frame body 11 in a built-in manner, and the control module can be selected from but not limited to a single-chip microcomputer control board of model AT80C51 and a microcontroller of model STM32; the underwater camera assembly 21 in the positioning vision structure 2, the positioning navigator 31, the pressure and depth sensor 32 and the rangefinder 33 in the positioning navigation structure 3, the plume monitor 41 in the plume blocking structure 4, the distance sensor 83 in the sand filter brushing structure 8, and the water temperature sensor 92 in the electric control structure 9 are respectively connected to the The control input ends of the control module are connected to each other through circuits, and the control output ends of the control module are respectively connected to the underwater lighting component 22 in the positioning vision structure 2, the diffusion resistance component 42 and the flocculant delivery component 43 in the plume blocking structure 4, the suction pump drive motor 61 and the electric telescopic rod frame 661 in the plume suction and delivery structure 6, the duct propeller hub 72 and the buoyancy control component 74 in the duct propeller body structure 7, and the brush head drive component 81 in the sand filter brush removal structure 8 through circuits, so as to effectively realize automated seabed mining operations with the help of the control module and its related electrical connection equipment.

[0045] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a drone-type plume absorption and purification method based on a drone-type plume absorption and purification device for deep-sea mining operations, which specifically includes the following steps: Control the basic frame structure 1 to locate and track the plume based on the positioning vision structure 2, the positioning navigation structure 3, and the plume monitor 41 in the plume blocking structure 4, and activate the diffusion blocking component 42 in the plume blocking structure 4 to push and collect the diffused plume from the seabed mud in front of the basic frame structure 1; Continue to control the extension of the electric telescopic rod frame 661 corresponding to the pump inlet end 66 in the plume twisting suction and delivery structure 6, so that the filter screen 663 corresponding to the pump inlet end 66 is extended; The screw suction pump drive motor 61 in the plume screw suction guiding structure 6 is further controlled and started. The screw suction guiding effect of the plume screw suction guiding structure 6 guides the pushed and gathered plume from the pump suction inlet end 66 to the pump suction outlet end 67. The flocculant docking portion 432 in the plume blocking structure 4 continuously injects flocculant, causing the plume output from the pump suction outlet end 67 to flocculate, thereby forming large flocculent particles. The flocculated plume is then further conveyed through the flocculant docking portion 432 to the multi-stage filter screen portion 51 in the plume filtering structure 5. The silt in the flocculated plume is filtered out by means of the filtering and intercepting function of the multi-stage filter screen portion 51. The brush head driving assembly 81 and the distance sensor 83 in the sand filter brushing structure 8 cooperate to control and drive the sand filter brush head 82 to regularly roll up and down to clean the multi-stage filter screen portion 51. The filtered silt is discharged into the silt funnel 54 through the silt settling grid 53. The silt inside the silt settling funnel 54 is then automatically discharged to the rear of the working area of ​​the basic frame structure 1 through the cooperation of the low-pressure switch 57 and the silt bottom discharge pipe 55. After being filtered by the multi-stage filter screen 51, the plume further passes through the filter cotton core 52. With the help of the powerful water permeability and filtering performance of the filter cotton core 52, the tiny or residual mud impurities in the plume are further filtered out. The plume is fully filtered in the filter cotton core 52 through the low-pressure switch 57 located in the filtered water pipeline 56 until the water pressure increases and opens the low-pressure switch 57 located in the filtered water pipeline 56. The water body after filtering out the mud and sand is discharged into the undisturbed seawater through the filtered water pipeline 56.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] In Example 2, the same symbols are given to the same structures as in Example 1, and the same descriptions are omitted. Example 2 is improved on the basis of Example 1. Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 The pump suction inlet end 66 is also equipped with an extended pump suction component 664, which includes a plurality of extension pipes and suction heads respectively connected to the plurality of extension pipes; the extension pipes are configured as flexible pipes and / or rigid pipes, so as to utilize the extension pipes to enable the suction heads to be positioned to the peripheral sides of the basic frame body 11 in all directions after flexible extension, or to be directly located at a specific position of the basic frame body 11 after rigid extension, thereby achieving a wider range of plume absorption, while significantly improving the targeted efficiency and applicability of local plume absorption.

[0048] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drone-type plume absorption and purification device based on deep-sea mining operations, characterized in that: include: Basic frame structure (1); A ducted propeller structure (7) is assembled on the basic frame structure (1), and the ducted propeller structure (7) is capable of outputting jets in multiple directions and forming reverse thrust to maintain the stability of the basic frame structure (1); The plume suction and delivery structure (6) is assembled on the basic frame structure (1), and the suction power end of the plume suction and delivery structure (6) is respectively provided with a pump suction inlet end (66) and a pump suction outlet end (67) along the two ends of its suction passage, and the pump suction inlet end (66) and the pump suction outlet end (67) are connected to each other; The plume filtering structure (5) comprises a multi-stage filtering screen portion (51) and a filter cotton core portion (52) connected in sequence; A sand filter brushing structure (8) comprises a brush head driving assembly (81) and a sand filter brush head (82), wherein the sand filter brush head (82) is arranged in a transmission assembly between the kinetic energy output end of the brush head driving assembly (81), and the running displacement path of the sand filter brush head (82) corresponds to the extension surface of the multi-stage filter screen portion (51); The input end of the multi-stage filter screen part (51) is connected to the pump suction outlet end (67) of the plume suction and delivery structure (6), and the sediment outlet end of the multi-stage filter screen part (51) is connected to the sediment bottom discharge pipeline (55), and the water outlet end of the filter cotton core part (52) is connected to the filtered water pipeline (56).

2. The drone-type plume absorption and purification device based on deep-sea mining operations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The duct propeller structure (7) is provided in a plurality of groups, and the duct propeller structure (7) in the plurality of groups is all facing away from the basic frame structure (1) and is arranged at an angle of 45 degrees.

3. The drone-type plume absorption and purification device based on deep-sea mining operations according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The basic frame structure (1) includes a basic frame body (11), and each group of the ducted propeller structure (7) includes a directional jet duct (71), a ducted propeller hub (72) and a ducted propeller blade (73); a plurality of groups of the directional jet ducts (71) are respectively assembled at different positions on the upper part of the basic frame body (11), and the jet directions of the plurality of groups of the directional jet ducts (71) are all facing away from the basic frame body (11) and are arranged at different directions along a 45-degree angle; the ducted propeller hub (72) is adapted to be assembled inside the directional jet duct (71), and the outer side wall of the ducted propeller hub (72) is equipped with a plurality of ducted propeller blades (73); the buoyancy generated by the rotation of the ducted propeller blades (73) cooperates with the directional jet action of the directional jet duct (71) to keep the basic frame body (11) stable underwater.

4. The drone-type plume absorption and purification device based on deep-sea mining operations according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The duct propeller structure (7) further comprises a buoyancy control component (74), and the buoyancy control component (74) is assembled inside the base frame body (11).

5. The drone-type plume absorption and purification device based on deep-sea mining operations according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The invention also includes a positioning visual structure (2), a positioning navigation structure (3) and a plume blocking structure (4). The plume blocking structure (4) includes a plume monitor (41). The plume monitor (41) cooperates with the positioning visual structure (2) to detect and obtain the diffusion range and concentration of the plume. The positioning navigation structure (3) is used to indicate the distribution range and distance information of the diffusion plume.

6. The drone-type plume absorption and purification device based on deep-sea mining operations according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The plume blocking structure (4) also includes a diffusion blocking assembly (42), which includes a curtain accommodating chamber (421), a curtain retracting and extending chain (422) and a blocking curtain cloth (423). The curtain accommodating chamber (421) is assembled at the front side position of the basic frame body (11); the curtain retracting and extending chain (422) is wound around an electrically controlled retracting and extending roller arranged inside the curtain accommodating chamber (421); the blocking curtain cloth (423) is extended and fixedly connected to the curtain retracting and extending chain (422), and when the blocking curtain cloth (423) is released, the blocking curtain cloth (423) is correspondingly located at the front lower position of the basic frame body (11).

7. The drone-type plume absorption and purification device for deep-sea mining operations according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a plume air-blocking structure, which includes an air pump and an air-blowing pipeline connected to the output end of the air pump; the output end of the air-blowing pipeline extends and is assembled to the side parts of the two groups of curtain retracting and releasing chains (422), and the air flow output by the air-blowing pipeline is directed toward the front position of the flow-blocking curtain (423).

8. The drone-type plume absorption and purification device for deep-sea mining operations according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plume suction and delivery structure (6) comprises a suction pump drive motor (61), a volute pump casing (62), a shaft seal seat (63), a pump impeller (64) and a suction blade (65); the base of the suction pump drive motor (61) is assembled at an internal position of the base frame body (11); the volute pump casing (62) is assembled at an internal position of the base frame body (11), and the volute pump casing (62) is respectively connected to and provided with the pump suction inlet end (66) and the pump suction outlet end (67); the pump suction inlet end (66) corresponds to a front side position facing the base frame body (11), and the pump suction outlet end (67) extends to the top position of the base frame body (11).

9. The drone-type plume absorption and purification device for deep-sea mining operations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plume blocking structure (4) also includes a flocculant delivery component (43); the flocculant delivery component (43) includes a flocculant delivery pipe (431) and a flocculant docking portion (432); the flocculant delivery component (43) is assembled on the basic frame body (11); the flocculant docking portion (432) is connected to the other end of the flocculant delivery component (43), and the flocculant docking portion (432) is connected to the pump suction outlet end (67).

10. The drone-type plume absorption and purification device based on deep-sea mining operations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base portion of the brush head driving assembly (81) is assembled on the base frame body (11).

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