Functionally graded piezoelectric beam sensor, sensor manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method

Abstract

This invention discloses a functionally graded piezoelectric beam sensor, a sensor manufacturing apparatus, and a manufacturing method, belonging to the field of sensors. The functionally graded piezoelectric beam sensor includes a piezoelectric vibration sensor and a piezoelectric vibration sensor. The piezoelectric vibration sensor is connected to a beam frame, and there are multiple piezoelectric vibration sensors distributed on the upper and side surfaces of the beam frame. The beam frame is clamped to a foundation, and the foundation has pre-set grooves corresponding to the beam frame. A transverse stabilizing cylinder and a vertical stabilizing cylinder are slidably mounted on the beam frame. Multiple sets of piezoelectric vibration sensors on the beam frame can perform synchronous measurements at different positions and directions, measuring multiple vibration data. A connecting column is inserted into the bottom wall of the inner groove of the convex groove. At this time, the piezoelectric vibration sensor is not in contact with the beam frame but is directly plugged into the foundation 3 for further detection in multiple directions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sensor technology, and in particular to a functionally graded piezoelectric beam sensor, sensor manufacturing apparatus, and manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] The problem of free vibration of structural units on elastic foundations has a wide range of engineering applications, especially in the design of railways, docks, locks, building foundations, underground structures and other engineering projects. With the rapid development of modern engineering construction, the vibration of foundations is becoming increasingly important. In various engineering projects, it is necessary to perform dynamic analysis on the vibration of the foundation, so it is necessary to use various sensors to analyze the vibration.

[0003] Functionally graded materials (FJCTs) are heterogeneous composite materials composed of two or more components whose volume content is continuously distributed in space. Piezoelectric materials are smart materials that exhibit a voltage between their two ends when subjected to pressure. Piezomagnetic materials are magnetic materials with a piezomagnetic effect, which refers to the physical phenomenon that the magnetic properties of ferromagnetic materials, such as magnetic susceptibility and permeability, change directionally under mechanical stress. Piezoelectric and piezomagnetic materials are widely used in various sensor fields to measure changes in force. Functionally graded piezomagnetic piezoelectric materials utilize FJCT production technology to apply materials with piezoelectric and piezomagnetic effects to FJCTs, forming smart composite materials that combine the properties of FJCTs with electromechanical coupling. These materials are widely used in aerospace, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, and optoelectronic engineering.

[0004] Based on the research needs of foundation vibration, functionally graded piezoelectric material sensors have also been applied to vibration detection. One sensor is attached to the foundation in a certain area to detect vibration. Current sensors can only detect vibration in a single direction, and the detection method is also limited to attaching the sensor to the foundation, which is a single detection method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that the existing technology of vibration detection uses a simple sensor attached to the foundation, resulting in a single detection method. The invention proposes a functionally graded piezoelectric material beam sensor, sensor production device and production method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A functionally graded piezoelectric material beam sensor includes a piezoelectric vibration sensor and a piezoelectric vibration sensor. The piezoelectric vibration sensor is connected to the beam frame. There are multiple piezoelectric vibration sensors distributed on the upper end face and side face of the beam frame. The beam frame is snapped into the foundation, and the foundation has a pre-set slot corresponding to the beam frame.

[0008] A transverse stabilizing cylinder and a vertical stabilizing cylinder are slidably mounted on the beam frame. The piezoelectric vibration sensor is installed inside both the transverse and vertical stabilizing cylinders. A connecting column is connected to the end of the piezoelectric vibration sensor. A convex slot is opened on the side wall of the slot. A support ring is connected inside both the transverse and vertical stabilizing cylinders. The support ring is connected to a push plate through a spring.

[0009] The horizontal and vertical stabilizing cylinders are inserted into the convex groove and abut against the bottom wall of the outer groove of the convex groove. The horizontal and vertical stabilizing cylinders stabilize the beam frame. The ejector spring pushes the ejector plate so that the end connecting post of the piezoelectric vibration sensor is inserted into the bottom wall of the inner groove of the convex groove. The piezoelectric vibration sensor is connected to the foundation to perform horizontal and vertical vibration measurements.

[0010] To enable the movement of the horizontal and vertical stabilizing cylinders, preferably, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the beam frame, and a pushing block is slidably connected to the beam frame. The rotating shaft is threaded, and the pushing block is threaded with a matching threaded hole. The horizontal stabilizing cylinder is connected to the pushing block, and the vertical stabilizing cylinder is connected to the pushing block via a connecting rod.

[0011] To secure the connecting column, preferably, a conical pusher is slidably provided on the connecting column, and a stabilizing block is slidably connected to the side wall of the connecting column. The stabilizing block has an inclined surface corresponding to the conical pusher. When the connecting column is inserted into the bottom wall of the inner groove of the convex groove, the conical pusher pushes the stabilizing block to abut against the inner groove side wall of the convex groove for stabilization.

[0012] To prevent the connecting column from rebounding, the stabilizing block is further provided with a first helical tooth connected to it via a slider, and the connecting column is provided with a lifting block via a lifting spring, and the lifting block is provided with a second helical tooth corresponding to the first helical tooth.

[0013] To further facilitate the repositioning of the connecting column, an L-shaped tie rod is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the lifting block, and a retaining ring for blocking the L-shaped tie rod is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical stabilizing cylinder.

[0014] To ensure the ejection of the piezoelectric vibration sensor, preferably, a locking rod is slidably connected to the side wall of the vertical stabilizing cylinder, a limiting groove corresponding to the locking rod is provided on the ejector plate, a second retaining ring is fixedly connected to the beam frame, and a slip ring is slidably connected to the vertical stabilizing cylinder. The slip ring is connected to the ejector plate by a connecting rope. When the vertical stabilizing cylinder moves into position, the second retaining ring blocks the slip ring, and the slip ring pulls the locking rod away from the ejector plate.

[0015] To perform various vibration detections, preferably, a base plate is placed on the bottom side of the beam frame, and a piezoelectric sensor is connected to the base plate. The measuring end of the piezoelectric sensor is used to abut against the foundation.

[0016] To facilitate the deployment and retraction of the piezoelectric sensor, a deployment and retraction rope is further connected to the base plate, and a deployment and retraction wheel is connected to the rotating shaft, with the deployment and retraction rope wound around the deployment and retraction wheel.

[0017] A production apparatus for a beam sensor made of functionally graded piezoelectric material includes a testing workbench, a model foundation clamped on the testing workbench, a vibrator fixedly connected to the testing workbench, the vibrating end of the vibrator abutting against the model foundation, and a beam frame connected to the model foundation.

[0018] A method for manufacturing a beam sensor based on a functionally graded piezomagnetic piezoelectric material includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Select functionally graded piezoelectric composite materials and functionally graded piezomagnetic composite materials;

[0020] Step 2: Use the functionally graded piezoelectric composite material and functionally graded piezomagnetic composite material selected in Step 1 as the sensing elements inside the piezoelectric sensor, piezoelectric vibration sensor, and piezomagnetic vibration sensor, respectively, and assemble them.

[0021] Step 3: Assemble the piezoelectric sensor, piezoelectric vibration sensor, and piezomagnetic vibration sensor onto the beam frame;

[0022] Step 4: Install the beam frame onto the model foundation of the testing workbench, connect the electrical signals of the piezoelectric sensor, piezoelectric vibration sensor and piezomagnetic vibration sensor to the computer, start the exciter, and perform vibration detection and calibration.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a functionally graded piezoelectric material beam sensor, a sensor manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. Multiple sets of piezoelectric vibration sensors on the beam frame can perform synchronous measurements at different positions and directions, obtaining multiple vibration data. During beam frame installation, the beam frame is stabilized by the horizontal and vertical stabilizing cylinders. At the same time, the ejector spring pushes the piezoelectric vibration sensor, causing the connecting column to be inserted into the bottom wall of the inner groove of the convex slot. At this time, the piezoelectric vibration sensor is not in contact with the beam frame and is directly plugged into the foundation 3 for further detection in multiple directions. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stabilizing sleeve of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0030] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0031] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure at point C;

[0032] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure at point E;

[0033] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure at point D;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the retractable wheel in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Beam frame; 2. Piezoelectric vibration sensor; 3. Foundation; 301. Slot; 302. Convex slot; 4. Vertical stabilizing cylinder; 401. Support ring; 402. Launch spring; 403. Launch plate; 404. Slip ring; 405. Retaining ring; 406. Connecting rope; 407. Locking rod; 5. Horizontal stabilizing cylinder; 6. Piezoelectric vibration sensor; 601. Connecting column; 602. Conical push block; 603. 604. Stabilizing block; 605. Slider; 606. First helical tooth; 607. Lifting block; 608. Second helical tooth; 609. L-shaped pull rod; 610. Lifting spring; 7. Retaining ring; 8. Base plate; 9. Piezoelectric sensor; 10. Rotating shaft; 11. Thread; 12. Push block; 13. Connecting rod; 14. Winding rope; 15. Winding wheel; 16. Detection workbench; 17. Vibrator; 18. Model foundation. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The functionally graded piezoelectric material beam sensor includes a piezoelectric vibration sensor 2 and a piezoelectric vibration sensor 6. The piezoelectric vibration sensor 2 is connected to the beam frame 1 and is pre-installed on the upper outer side and top side of the beam frame 1. There are multiple piezoelectric vibration sensors 2, distributed on the upper end face and side of the beam frame 1. The beam frame 1 is snapped onto the foundation 3. The foundation 3 has a pre-set slot 301 corresponding to the beam frame 1, which can be reserved in the foundation 3 or cut and slotted. After the beam frame 1 is installed on the foundation 3, when the foundation 3 vibrates, it will drive the beam frame 1 to vibrate. The multiple sets of piezoelectric vibration sensors 2 on the beam frame 1 can perform synchronous measurement, measure at different positions and directions, measure multiple vibration data, and transmit them to the computer to help analyze the vibration situation.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 A transverse stabilizing cylinder 5 and a vertical stabilizing cylinder 4 are slidably provided on the beam frame 1. When installing the beam frame 1, it can be stably set on the foundation 3 by the transverse stabilizing cylinder 5 and the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4 to facilitate vibration measurement. Piezoelectric vibration sensors 6 are installed inside both the transverse stabilizing cylinder 5 and the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4. While the transverse stabilizing cylinder 5 and the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4 provide stability, the piezoelectric vibration sensors 6 can be placed inside them. When installing the beam frame 1, the piezoelectric vibration sensors 6 can be installed on the foundation 3 for further vibration measurement. The end of the piezoelectric vibration sensor 6 is connected to a connecting column 601. A convex slot 302 is opened on the side wall of the slot 301. A support ring 401 is connected inside both the transverse stabilizing cylinder 5 and the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4. The support ring 401 is connected to a push plate 403 through a spring 402.

[0043] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7The horizontal stabilizing cylinder 5 and the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4 are inserted into the convex groove 302 and abut against the bottom wall of the outer groove of the convex groove 302. The horizontal stabilizing cylinder 5 and the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4 stabilize the beam frame. The ejector spring 402 pushes the ejector plate 403 so that the end connecting post 601 of the piezoelectric vibration sensor 6 is inserted into the bottom wall of the inner groove of the convex groove 302. The piezoelectric vibration sensor 6 is connected to the foundation 3 to perform horizontal and vertical vibration measurements. The side wall, top wall and bottom wall of the groove 301 on the foundation 3 are all provided with convex grooves 302, which are used for stabilization. The horizontal stabilizing cylinder 5 and the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4, while stabilizing, also cause the connecting column 601 to be inserted into the bottom wall of the inner groove of the convex groove 302 under the action of the ejector spring 402 and the push plate 403. At this time, the piezoelectric vibration sensor 6 is not in contact with the beam frame 1, but is an independent vibration detection unit, directly plugged into the foundation 3, and performs multiple degrees of freedom detection in the horizontal and vertical directions. The beam frame 1 uses multiple connection methods to detect vibration, and performs vibration detection by multiple sensors in multiple directions simultaneously.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 In order to move the horizontal stabilizing cylinder 5 and the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4, a rotating shaft 9 is rotatably connected to the beam frame 1, and a pushing block 10 is slidably connected to the beam frame 1. The rotating shaft 9 has a thread 901, and the pushing block 10 has a threaded hole that matches the thread 901. The horizontal stabilizing cylinder 5 is connected to the pushing block 10, and the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4 is connected to the pushing block 10 through a connecting rod 11. By rotating the rotating shaft 9, the rotating shaft 9 drives the pushing block 10 to move, inserting the horizontal stabilizing cylinder 5 into the convex groove 302, and the connecting rod 11 drives the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4 to be inserted into the convex groove 302, thus achieving a stable connection. In specific implementation, the end of the rotating shaft 9 is located on the outside of the beam frame 1, and a rotating handle is fixedly installed on the outside of the rotating shaft 9. A locking bolt is threaded on the rotating handle. After fixing, the locking bolt is rotated to fix the position of the rotating shaft 9.

[0045] Reference Figure 7 To ensure that the connecting column 601 and the piezoelectric vibration sensor 6 can detach from the beam frame 1 and be firmly fixed in the convex groove 302, a conical pusher 602 is slidably provided on the connecting column 601, and a stabilizing block 603 is slidably connected to the side wall of the connecting column 601. The stabilizing block 603 has an inclined surface corresponding to the conical pusher 602. When the connecting column 601 is inserted into the bottom wall of the inner groove of the convex groove 302, the conical pusher 602 pushes the stabilizing block 603 against the side wall of the inner groove of the convex groove 302 for stabilization. After the connecting column 601 is quickly inserted into the convex groove 302, the conical pusher 602 is squeezed, and the conical pusher 602 will push the stabilizing block 603 with the inclined surface to move outward and abut against the side wall of the convex groove 302, thereby achieving stable fixation.

[0046] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 The stabilizing block 603 is connected to a first helical tooth 605 via a slider 604. The connecting column 601 is equipped with a lifting block 606 via a lifting spring 609. The lifting block 606 has a second helical tooth 607 corresponding to the first helical tooth 605. In specific implementation, in order to ensure a stable lock and prevent the stabilizing block 603 from rebounding, the limiting effect of the first helical tooth 605 and the second helical tooth 607 ensures that the stabilizing block 603 will not rebound, thus ensuring a stable connection and facilitating subsequent vibration detection.

[0047] Reference Figure 7 In some other implementations, it is sometimes necessary to remove the piezoelectric vibration sensor 6. In this case, to facilitate removal, an L-shaped pull rod 608 is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the lifting block 606, and a retaining ring 610 is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4 to block the L-shaped pull rod 608. When the beam frame 1 is removed, the rotating shaft 9 is rotated to drive the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4 to return to its original position. At this time, the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4 moves away from the convex slot 302. Under the action of the retaining ring 610, the L-shaped pull rod 608 is pulled, thereby the lifting block 606 moves downward, the first helical tooth 605 and the second helical tooth 607 disengage, and the stabilizing block 603, lacking the effect of limiting and clamping force, will also be easy to disengage from the convex slot 302. In specific implementations, in order to facilitate the removal of the piezoelectric vibration sensor 6, wire holes can be reserved on the beam frame 1. The output wires of multiple sensors can be connected to the computer through the wire holes. In other specific implementations, the piezoelectric vibration sensor 6 can be pulled into the beam frame 1 by pulling the output wire for easy removal. The output wire should be a tensile-resistant wire.

[0048] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 9 Additionally, in some other embodiments, to eject the piezoelectric vibration sensor 6, a locking rod 407 is slidably connected to the side wall of the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4. A limiting groove corresponding to the locking rod 407 is provided on the ejection plate 403. A retaining ring 405 is fixedly connected to the beam frame 1. A slip ring 404 is slidably connected to the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4. The slip ring 404 is connected to the ejection plate 403 through a connecting rope 406. When the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4 moves into position, the retaining ring 405 blocks the slip ring 404, and the slip ring 404 pulls the locking rod 407 to disengage from the ejection plate 403. Initially, the ejection plate 403 and the ejection spring 402 are in a compressed state. As the vertical stabilizing cylinder 4 moves, under the blocking action of the retaining ring 405, the slip ring 404 is pulled, causing the ejection plate 403 to disengage from the locking rod 407, thereby enabling the piezoelectric vibration sensor 6 to quickly eject into the convex slot 302.

[0049] Example 2:

[0050] Reference Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 The functionally graded piezoelectric material beam sensor is basically the same as in Example 1, except that a base plate 7 is placed on the bottom side of the beam frame 1, and a piezoelectric sensor 8 is connected to the base plate 7. The measuring end of the piezoelectric sensor 8 is used to abut against the foundation 3. The piezoelectric sensor 8 is slidably connected to the base plate 7, and a locking bolt is threaded on the base plate 7 for locking after the position of the piezoelectric sensor 8 is adjusted. A take-up and release rope 12 is connected to the base plate 7, and a take-up and release wheel 13 is connected to the rotating shaft 9. The take-up and release rope 12 is wound and connected to the take-up and release wheel 13. By rotating the rotating shaft 9 simultaneously while fixing the beam frame 1, the take-up and release wheel 13 is also rotated to release the piezoelectric sensor, so as to perform simultaneous detection of multiple sensors. By placing the piezoelectric sensor 8 on the beam frame 1 and attaching the measuring end of the piezoelectric sensor 8 to the foundation 3, vibration detection is performed again by attaching it to the foundation 3, so as to achieve comprehensive multi-directional detection.

[0051] Reference Figure 13 A production apparatus for functionally graded piezoelectric material beam sensors includes a testing workbench 14, a model foundation 16 clamped on the testing workbench 14, and a vibrator 15 fixedly connected to the testing workbench 14. The vibrating end of the vibrator 15 abuts against the model foundation 16, and a beam frame 1 is connected to the model foundation 16. After the assembly of the functionally graded piezoelectric material beam sensors, multiple sensors on the beam frame 1 need to be calibrated before being put into use. In this production apparatus, the vibrator 15 is used to simulate the vibration environment, and the clamped model foundation 16 is used as the vibration object for calibration and testing to better match the vibration conditions of the engineering foundation, so as to facilitate subsequent use after calibration.

[0052] A method for manufacturing a beam sensor based on a functionally graded piezomagnetic piezoelectric material includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: In the actual production of intelligent composite materials, various methods such as vapor deposition, plasma spraying, and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis can be used to prepare them. When actually producing sensors, based on the material data provided by the supplier, functionally graded piezoelectric composite materials and functionally graded piezomagnetic composite materials with good performance are selected.

[0054] Step 2: Assemble the functionally graded piezoelectric composite material and functionally graded piezomagnetic composite material prepared in Step 1 as sensing elements inside the piezoelectric sensor 8, piezoelectric vibration sensor 6, and piezomagnetic vibration sensor 2, respectively. After the assembly of a single sensor is completed, a preliminary calibration experiment is performed first, and then it is put into the next assembly step.

[0055] Step 3: Assemble the piezoelectric sensor 8, the piezoelectric vibration sensor 6, and the piezomagnetic vibration sensor 2 onto the beam frame 1;

[0056] Step 4: Install the beam frame 1 onto the model foundation 16 of the testing workbench 14, connect the electrical signals of the piezoelectric sensor 8, piezoelectric vibration sensor 6 and piezomagnetic vibration sensor 2 to the computer, start the exciter 15, and perform vibration detection and calibration.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A functionally graded magnetostrictive piezoelectric material beam sensor comprising a magnetostrictive vibration sensor (2) and a piezoelectric vibration sensor (6), characterized in that, The piezomagnetic vibration sensor (2) is connected on the beam frame (1), the number of the piezomagnetic vibration sensor (2) is multiple, and the piezomagnetic vibration sensor (2) is distributed on the upper end surface and the side surface of the beam frame (1), the beam frame (1) is clamped on the foundation (3), and the foundation (3) is provided with a clamping groove (301) corresponding to the beam frame (1); The beam frame (1) is slidably provided with a horizontal stabilizing cylinder (5) and a vertical stabilizing cylinder (4), the horizontal stabilizing cylinder (5) and the vertical stabilizing cylinder (4) are provided with the piezoelectric vibration sensor (6) therein, the piezoelectric vibration sensor (6) is connected with a connecting column (601), a convex clamping groove (302) is formed in the side wall of the clamping groove (301), the horizontal stabilizing cylinder (5) and the vertical stabilizing cylinder (4) are connected with a supporting ring (401) therein, and the supporting ring (401) is connected with a push plate (403) through an elastic spring (402). The horizontal stabilizing cylinder (5) and the vertical stabilizing cylinder (4) are inserted into the convex clamping groove (302) and abut against the outer groove bottom wall of the convex clamping groove (302), the horizontal stabilizing cylinder (5) and the vertical stabilizing cylinder (4) stabilize the beam frame, the elastic spring (402) pushes the push plate (403) so that the end connecting column (601) of the piezoelectric vibration sensor (6) is inserted into the inner groove bottom wall of the convex clamping groove (302), and the piezoelectric vibration sensor (6) is connected on the foundation (3) to measure horizontal and vertical vibrations. The beam frame (1) is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft (9), the beam frame (1) is slidably connected with a push block (10), the rotating shaft (9) is provided with a thread (901), the push block (10) is provided with a threaded hole matched with the thread (901), the horizontal stabilizing cylinder (5) is connected with the push block (10), and the vertical stabilizing cylinder (4) is connected with the push block (10) through a connecting rod (11). A clamping rod (407) is slidably connected to the side wall of the vertical stabilizing cylinder (4), a limiting groove corresponding to the clamping rod (407) is formed in the push plate (403), a blocking ring two (405) is fixedly connected to the beam frame (1), a sliding ring (404) is slidably connected to the vertical stabilizing cylinder (4), the sliding ring (404) is connected with the push plate (403) through a connecting rope (406), when the vertical stabilizing cylinder (4) moves to a position, the blocking ring two (405) blocks the sliding ring (404), and the sliding ring (404) pulls the clamping rod to separate from the push plate (403).

2. The functionally graded magneto-electric piezoelectric material beam type sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A conical push block (602) is slidably arranged on the connecting column (601), a stable abutting block (603) is slidably connected to the side wall of the connecting column (601), and an inclined surface corresponding to the conical push block (602) is arranged on the stable abutting block (603); when the connecting column (601) is inserted into the inner groove bottom wall of the convex clamping groove (302), the conical push block (602) pushes the stable abutting block (603) to abut against the inner groove side wall of the convex clamping groove (302) to stabilize.

3. The functionally graded magneto-electric piezoelectric material beam type sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first bevel gear (605) is connected to the stable block (603) through a sliding block (604), and the connecting column (601) is provided with a lifting block (606) through a lifting spring (609), and the lifting block (606) is provided with a second bevel gear (607) corresponding to the first bevel gear (605).

4. The functionally graded magneto-electric piezoelectric material beam type sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The L-shaped pull rod (608) is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the lifting block (606), and the vertical stable cylinder (4) is fixedly connected with a blocking ring I (610) for blocking the L-shaped pull rod (608).

5. The functionally graded magneto-electric piezoelectric material beam type sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base disc (7) is placed at the bottom side of the beam frame (1), and the piezoelectric sensor (8) is connected to the base disc (7), and the measurement end of the piezoelectric sensor (8) is used to abut against the foundation (3).

6. The functionally graded magneto-electric piezoelectric material beam type sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The base disc (7) is connected with a winding and unwinding rope (12), the rotating shaft (9) is connected with a winding and unwinding wheel (13), and the winding and unwinding rope (12) is wound on the winding and unwinding wheel (13).

7. The functional gradient magneto-electric piezoelectric material beam type sensor production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The detection workbench (14) is clamped with a model foundation (16), the detection workbench (14) is fixedly connected with a vibration exciter (15), the vibration end of the vibration exciter (15) abuts against the model foundation (16), and the model foundation (16) is connected with the beam frame (1).

8. The method of producing a functionally graded magneto-electric piezoelectric material beam sensor according to claim 1, wherein The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, selecting functionally graded piezoelectric composite material and functionally graded piezomagnetic composite material; Step 2, selecting functionally graded piezoelectric composite material and functionally graded piezomagnetic composite material in step 1 as the sensing elements in the piezoelectric sensor (8), piezoelectric vibration sensor (6) and piezomagnetic vibration sensor (2) respectively and assembling; Step 3, assembling the piezoelectric sensor (8), piezoelectric vibration sensor (6) and piezomagnetic vibration sensor (2) to the beam frame (1); Step 4, installing the beam frame (1) to the model foundation (16) of the detection workbench (14), connecting the piezoelectric sensor (8), piezoelectric vibration sensor (6) and piezomagnetic vibration sensor (2) to the computer, starting the vibration exciter (15), and performing vibration detection calibration.

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