BIM model construction drill GIS space analysis method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a BIM model construction drill GIS space analysis method and system, belongs to the technical field of building space analysis, and aims to solve the problems of large data processing amount and slow loading speed in the process of cooperative use of BIM and GIS. Comprising a data preparation module, a format conversion module, a BIM building model lightweight module, an optimization module, a platform integration module and a spatial analysis module, lightweight processing can be carried out on BIM data, redundancy of model data is reduced, data loading load is reduced, and in addition, the BIM building model lightweight processing system has the advantages that the BIM building model lightweight processing efficiency is improved. In addition, only block data in the current view range can be loaded during browsing, and the loading speed can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building space analysis, and in particular to a method and system for GIS space analysis of BIM model construction drills. Background Art

[0002] BIM stands for Building Information Model, which is a virtual building model constructed through digital means. It covers data from all stages of building design, construction to operation and maintenance, and is mainly used in building optimization design and structural rationality verification. GIS stands for Geographic Information System, which is a technical system for collecting, storing, analyzing and visualizing spatial data on the earth's surface. It is mainly used in urban infrastructure, natural resource surveys and disaster assessments. At present, the field of construction has used BIM and GIS in a collaborative way. BIM provides detailed internal data of the building, and GIS supplements external environmental data to construct digital buildings.

[0003] Although BIM and GIS have been used in collaboration in the construction field, during the use process, since BIM data accurately and comprehensively displays the external and internal models of buildings, the amount of BIM data is large, and the performance of BIM data in three-dimensional scenes needs to be improved. Therefore, in the process of collaborative use of BIM and GIS, there will be problems such as large data processing volume and slow loading speed.

[0004] In response to the above problems, a method and system for GIS spatial analysis of BIM model construction drills was proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for GIS spatial analysis of BIM model construction drills, which solves the problems of large data processing volume and slow loading speed in the process of collaborative use of BIM and GIS in the above background.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a BIM model construction drill GIS spatial analysis system, comprising a data preparation module, a format conversion module, a BIM building model lightweight module, an optimization module, a platform integration module and a spatial analysis module; The data preparation module includes data compliance with geospatial data standards, data compliance with semantic and classification standards, data support for multi-scale expression and data format compatibility; The format conversion module includes a self-developed BIM plug-in, which directly reads BIM data through an intermediate data format and GIS software; The BIM building model lightweight module includes geometry simplification, texture optimization, data compression, instantiation technology, layering and block management; The optimization module includes organizational structure optimization and data optimization; The platform integration module publishes the processed data in three dimensions for display; The spatial analysis module provides three-dimensional spatial computing capabilities based on the integrated data, directly supporting construction decisions, including road and special vehicle turning analysis, special vehicle and live area analysis, and construction vehicle working surface GIS analysis.

[0007] Furthermore, the specific content of data that complies with geospatial data standards is as follows: Coordinate system unification: The coordinate system of the BIM model must be consistent with the coordinate system of the GIS system, usually using a national or local unified geodetic coordinate system; Consistent spatial reference: The spatial data in the BIM model has clear spatial reference information, ensuring that it can be correctly matched and integrated with the terrain and landform data in the GIS system; The specific contents of data following semantic and classification standards are as follows: Industry standard classification: GIS systems usually follow specific industry classification standards. Components and elements in BIM models should be classified according to similar standards so that they can be correctly identified and managed in the GIS environment. Clear semantic information: All elements in the BIM model should have clear semantic information; The specific contents of data supporting multi-scale expression are as follows: Integration of macro and micro: GIS systems display and analyze geographic spatial information at different scales. At the macro scale, BIM models can represent the overall layout and outline of buildings or building complexes in a simplified form, integrating with urban or regional planning data in GIS. At the micro scale, BIM models must retain detailed building component information. Level of detail control: BIM models can dynamically adjust the level of detail of the model according to different application requirements and display ratios; The specific contents of data format compatibility are as follows: Universal data format support: GIS systems support multiple data formats. BIM models need to be converted to corresponding data formats or exchanged through intermediate data formats so that they can be read and processed by GIS systems. Data conversion and optimization: When importing BIM data into the GIS system, the data is converted and optimized.

[0008] Furthermore, the specific contents of the self-developed BIM plug-in are as follows: Conduct secondary development based on the data interface provided by BIM software to convert BIM data into GIS database; The specific contents of the intermediate data format are as follows: Organize the BIM model according to the IFC standard to generate IFC format data, or convert it into FBX, OBJ, or OSG model data formats. GIS software can directly read the converted data. The specific contents of GIS software directly reading BIM data are as follows: GIS software directly supports the access of BIM data, improving the quality of read BIM data.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific contents of geometric simplification are as follows: Deleting redundant details: removing subtle components in the BIM model that have no impact on the overall structure and function; Simplify complex geometric shapes: replace complex curved surfaces and irregular shapes with simple geometric shapes.

[0010] Furthermore, the specific contents of texture optimization are as follows: Compress texture images: Use efficient image compression algorithms to reduce the size of texture files while ensuring visual effects; Reduce texture resolution: Based on actual needs, appropriately reduce the texture resolution and reduce the amount of texture data.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific contents of data compression are as follows: Lossless compression algorithm: Use lossless compression algorithm to compress BIM model data, reducing file size without losing data accuracy; Lossy compression algorithm: For data with low precision requirements, a lossy compression algorithm can be used.

[0012] Furthermore, the specific content of the instantiation technology is as follows: Identify duplicate objects: Find out the components that are repeated in large quantities in the BIM model; Instantiation processing: Only the complete information of one component is stored, and other duplicate components are represented by referencing the instance to reduce data redundancy.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific contents of layered and block management are as follows: Layering by function: Divide the BIM model into different layers according to function, and load the corresponding layer data as needed; Divide by space: Divide large BIM models into multiple small blocks according to spatial location. When browsing, only the block data within the current field of view is loaded to improve loading speed. The specific contents of the organizational structure optimization are as follows: Separate the building's exterior and interior: organize all the building's exterior objects into one layer, and organize all the building's interior structure objects into another layer. By setting the visible distance of the layer, when observing from a distance, only the building's exterior data is loaded, and when entering the building, the interior structure data is loaded. Separation of above-ground and underground data: Separate the above-ground model from the underground model and only load the data that needs to be observed; The specific contents of data optimization are as follows: Data structure optimization: selecting appropriate data models and simplifying geometric complexity; Data storage and management optimization: adopt distributed storage architecture, data partitioning and caching, as well as data governance and lightweight operations.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific contents of the road and special vehicle turning analysis are as follows: Road turning analysis: including turning radius analysis, sight distance analysis and slope analysis; Special vehicle turning analysis: including vehicle path analysis, dynamic turning simulation and road load analysis; The specific contents of the analysis of special vehicles and live areas are as follows: Special vehicle operation analysis: including vehicle parameter modeling, dynamic operation simulation and special working condition analysis; The specific contents of the GIS analysis of the construction vehicle working surface are as follows: Construction working surface element analysis: including spatial dimension analysis and environmental constraints; Construction vehicle operational capability matching: including vehicle parameter modeling and work surface adaptability assessment.

[0015] The present invention also proposes another technical solution: an analysis method of a BIM model construction drill GIS spatial analysis system, comprising the following steps: S1: Before importing BIM data into GIS, prepare the data so that the data classification, expression, compatibility and geospatial standards meet the requirements; S2: By developing BIM plug-ins, intermediate data formats, and GIS software to directly read BIM data, the data can be converted into a format supported by GIS software; S3: Perform lightweight operations on BIM building models to reduce data processing volume and increase loading speed; S4: Optimize organizational structure and data to further reduce data processing volume, lower processing load, and improve processing efficiency; S5: Publish the processed data in three dimensions for display; S6: Provides three-dimensional spatial computing capabilities based on integrated data to directly support construction decisions.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can perform lightweight processing on BIM data, reduce the redundancy of model data, and lower the load of data loading.

[0017] 2. The present invention only loads block data within the current field of view during browsing, which can improve the loading speed.

[0018] 3. The present invention can better realize the integration of GIS system and BIM, give full play to the advantages of both, and provide more comprehensive and accurate geospatial information services for urban planning, architectural design, facility management and other fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a system flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 A flowchart of the data preparation module of the present invention; Figure 3 is a flow chart of the format conversion module of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flow chart of the lightweight module of the BIM building model of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flow chart of the optimization module of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a flow chart of the spatial analysis module of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Data preparation module; 2. Format conversion module; 3. BIM building model lightweight module; 4. Optimization module; 5. Platform integration module; 6. Spatial analysis module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In order to solve the technical problems of large data processing volume and slow loading speed in the process of collaborative use of BIM and GIS, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: A GIS spatial analysis system for BIM model construction drills 1. Data preparation module 1: 1. The specific content of data that complies with geospatial data standards is as follows: (1) Coordinate system unification: The coordinate system of the BIM model is required to be consistent with the coordinate system of the GIS system. Usually, a national or local unified geodetic coordinate system is adopted, such as the 2000 National Geodetic Coordinate System, so as to accurately locate the BIM model in geographic space and achieve precise integration with geographic data.

[0023] (2) Consistent spatial reference: The spatial data in the BIM model should have clear spatial reference information, including horizontal and vertical datum planes, to ensure that it can be correctly matched and integrated with the terrain, landform and other data in the GIS system in space.

[0024] 2. The specific contents of data compliance with semantic and classification standards are as follows: (1) Industry standard classification: GIS systems usually follow specific industry classification standards, such as infrastructure, buildings, transportation facilities and other major categories, as well as more detailed sub-categories; components and elements in the BIM model should be classified according to similar standards so that they can be correctly identified and managed in the GIS environment; for example, buildings can be divided into residential, commercial, industrial and other types, and the building objects in the BIM model should be able to accurately correspond to these categories.

[0025] (2) Clear semantic information: All elements in the BIM model should have clear semantic information, which should not only describe their geometric characteristics but also include information on functions, attributes, etc. For example, for a room, it is necessary not only to know its spatial location and shape, but also its usage function (such as conference room, office, etc.), the number of people it can accommodate, and other attributes, so as to conduct more comprehensive analysis and management in the GIS system.

[0026] 3. The specific content of data support for multi-scale expression is as follows: (1) Combination of macro and micro: GIS systems need to display and analyze geographic spatial information at different scales; at the macro scale, BIM models should be able to represent the overall layout and outline of buildings or building complexes in a simplified form, and be integrated with urban or regional planning data in GIS for city-level analysis and decision-making; at the micro scale, BIM models should retain detailed building component information so that accurate queries and analyses can be performed when needed, such as energy consumption analysis and internal space utilization analysis of a single building (at the macro scale, multiple BIM buildings are classified by region, functional group, etc.; at the micro scale, individual buildings are classified in detail, such as floors, rooms, etc.).

[0027] (2) Level of detail control: The BIM model can dynamically adjust the level of detail of the model according to different application requirements and display scales; when viewed on large-scale maps or at close range, it can display detailed building components and decorative details; when viewed on small-scale maps or at a distance, it can automatically be simplified to more general geometric shapes and main features to improve the operating efficiency and data visualization effect of the GIS system (ensuring that BIM building classifications can be reasonably displayed in GIS maps of different scales. For example, on small-scale maps, the overall functional classification of the building is highlighted; on large-scale maps, the detailed functional divisions within the building can be displayed).

[0028] 4. The specific contents of data format compatibility are as follows: (1) Common data format support: GIS systems usually support multiple data formats, such as Shapefile, GeoJSON, KML, etc.; BIM models need to convert data into these common formats or exchange data through intermediate data formats so that they can be read and processed by GIS systems.

[0029] (2) Data conversion and optimization: When importing BIM data into the GIS system, data conversion and optimization processing are required; for example, the three-dimensional geometric data in the BIM model is converted into a two-dimensional or three-dimensional spatial data structure suitable for GIS storage and analysis, and the data is compressed, simplified, and other operations are performed to reduce the data volume and improve the performance of the GIS system.

[0030] By meeting the requirements described in Data Preparation Module 1, it is possible to better integrate GIS systems with BIM, give full play to the advantages of both, and provide more comprehensive and accurate geospatial information services for urban planning, architectural design, facility management and other fields.

[0031] 2. Format conversion module 2: 1. Self-developed BIM plug-in: Conduct secondary development based on the data interface provided by the BIM software to convert BIM data into the GIS database. The advantage of this approach is that data quality is guaranteed, the amount of data obtained is rich, and it can meet application needs to the greatest extent possible. The disadvantage is that a set of interface tools needs to be developed for different GIS software and BIM software, and sufficient understanding of the data structure of GIS software and BIM software is required.

[0032] 2. Through an intermediate data format: Organize the BIM model according to the IFC standard to generate IFC format data, or convert it into model data formats such as FBX, OBJ, and OSG. GIS software can directly read the data. The advantage of this method is that the conversion is simple, and commonly used BIM software generally supports exporting data in formats such as IFC. The disadvantage is that there may be problems such as data loss, poor data conversion quality, and long data conversion time.

[0033] 3. GIS software directly reads BIM data: This method supports the access of BIM data from within the GIS software, which not only saves time and effort but also ensures the quality of the read BIM data. However, due to the current limitations of the BIM software product model, the BIM data formats that GIS software can directly read are relatively few.

[0034] When importing BIM data into a GIS platform, the following principles should be followed to better preserve the accuracy, topology, and semantic integrity of the BIM data and achieve lightweight processing: (1) Use high-precision, topologically closed three-dimensional data models to express BIM data.

[0035] A: Unified coordinate system: The BIM building model must use the same coordinate system as the GIS system to accurately locate the BIM model in the GIS geographic space and ensure its position in the geographic space is accurate.

[0036] B: Topological consistency: The topological relationships between building objects in the BIM model and with surrounding geographic features must match those in the GIS system. For example, the adjacency and containment relationships between buildings, roads, and water systems must be consistent across both systems.

[0037] (2) Use the multi-level of detail (LOD) model originally constructed during BIM triangulation to perform lightweight processing on BIM data.

[0038] (3) Use instantiation technology to reduce the redundancy of model data.

[0039] 3. BIM building model lightweight module 3: 1. The specific contents of geometric simplification are as follows: (1) Deleting redundant details: Remove subtle components in the BIM model that have no impact on the overall structure and function, such as tiny decorative lines, bolts and nuts, so as to reduce the number of polygons in the model.

[0040] (2) Simplify complex geometric shapes: Use simple geometric shapes to approximate complex curved surfaces and irregular shapes. For example, use a cuboid to approximate a complex building.

[0041] 2. The specific contents of texture optimization are as follows: (1) Compress texture images: Use efficient image compression algorithms, such as JPEG and PNG, to reduce the size of texture files while ensuring visual effects.

[0042] (2) Reduce texture resolution: Based on actual needs, appropriately reduce the texture resolution and reduce the amount of texture data.

[0043] 3. The specific contents of data compression are as follows: (1) Lossless compression algorithm: Use lossless compression algorithms such as ZIP and GZIP to compress BIM model data to reduce file size without losing data accuracy.

[0044] (2) Lossy compression algorithm: For data with low precision requirements, a lossy compression algorithm can be used. For example, when compressing three-dimensional mesh data, the precision of vertex coordinates can be appropriately reduced.

[0045] 4. The specific content of instantiation technology is as follows: (1) Identify duplicate objects: Find out a large number of duplicate components such as windows and doors in the BIM model.

[0046] (2) Instantiation processing: Only the complete information of one component is stored, and other duplicate components are represented by referencing this instance to reduce data redundancy.

[0047] 5. The specific contents of layering and block processing are as follows: (1) Layering by function: Divide the BIM model into different layers according to its function, such as structure layer, equipment layer, decoration layer, etc., and load the corresponding layer data as needed.

[0048] (2) Spatial division: Divide a large BIM model into multiple small blocks according to spatial location. When browsing, only the block data within the current field of view is loaded to improve loading speed.

[0049] 4. Optimization Module 4: 1. The specific contents of organizational structure optimization are as follows: In a scene composed of multiple BIM data, although the data range is not large, the main data type is BIM-type data, and the data is detailed and centrally distributed (for example, in a factory scene, there are buildings such as raw material warehouses, finished product warehouses, water treatment facilities, heating furnaces, etc. Each building is a BIM model, and each model is relatively detailed and consists of multiple categories such as windows, doors, walls, structural frames, floor slabs, curtain walls and roofs). If one category corresponds to one layer in the conventional way, the number of layers will expand dramatically; if one building corresponds to one layer, it will also cause performance and effect problems.

[0050] In response to the performance and effect issues mentioned above, the solutions are as follows: (1) Separation of inside and outside: All the building's shell objects are organized into one layer; then all the building's internal structure objects are organized into another layer; by setting the visible distance of the layer, when observing from a distance, only the data of the building's shell is loaded; when entering the building, the data of the internal structure is loaded.

[0051] (2) Separation of above-ground and underground models: Separate the above-ground model from the underground model; through control methods such as switch buttons, only load the data that needs to be observed.

[0052] 2. The specific contents of data optimization are as follows: (1) Data structure optimization: A: Choose the appropriate data model: a: Vector data: Create spatial indexes (such as R-trees and quadtrees) for frequently queried layers (such as road networks and pipelines) to reduce retrieval time.

[0053] b: Raster data: Use a pyramid structure (Pyramid) and compression algorithms (such as JPEG2000, LERC) to improve loading speed; use tile storage (Tile) for large remote sensing images, combined with the Web Mercator projection to adapt to front-end display.

[0054] c: Spatiotemporal data: Use a time series database (such as TimescaleDB) or a spatiotemporal engine to manage dynamic data.

[0055] B: Simplify geometric complexity: Perform topological checks on polygon features to avoid errors such as repair overlaps and hanging nodes.

[0056] (2) Data storage and management optimization: A: Distributed storage architecture: Use distributed databases (such as Cassandra, HBase) or cloud-native databases (such as AWS Aurora, Google BigQuery) to support parallel reading and writing of massive data; combine with object storage (such as S3, OSS) to store unstructured data.

[0057] B: Data partitioning and caching: Partition data by spatial range (such as administrative district) or time granularity (such as year); enable database cache (such as Redis) and application layer cache (such as Tile cache, query result cache) to reduce repeated calculations.

[0058] C: Data governance and lightweighting: Regularly clean up redundant data (such as historical versions and invalid tracks), reduce data volume through data aggregation (such as grid statistics and regional summaries); provide lightweight data subsets for mobile applications.

[0059] 5. Platform integration module 5: After the data is integrated and processed, the processed data is published in three dimensions for display.

[0060] 6. Spatial Analysis Module 6: 1. The specific contents of road and special vehicle turning analysis are as follows: (1) Road bend analysis: A: Turning radius analysis: Calculate the minimum turning radius of the road design, evaluate whether the existing road can meet the needs of construction vehicles, and identify sharp bends that need to be modified.

[0061] B: Sight distance analysis: Assess visibility at turns, identify hazardous areas where visibility is obstructed, and plan necessary signs and warning devices.

[0062] C: Slope Analysis: Analyze the longitudinal and transverse slopes of turns, assess vehicle stability risks, and plan drainage facilities.

[0063] (2) Analysis of turning of special vehicles: A: Vehicle path analysis: Build a database of vehicle size, weight, and turning characteristics to simulate the vehicle's motion through turns and identify possible collision points.

[0064] B: Dynamic cornering simulation: Considering the vehicle's articulation characteristics, analyzing the space requirements caused by the inner wheel difference, and evaluating the rear overhang sweep area.

[0065] C: Pavement load analysis: Evaluate the load-bearing capacity of the road surface at the bend, predict possible road damage, and plan temporary reinforcement measures.

[0066] Specifically, GIS technology is used to create a true-to-scale three-dimensional scene to intuitively display the vehicle turning process, identify spatial conflicts, and calculate the optimal path to avoid difficult turns. In addition, the feasibility of alternative routes is evaluated, temporary roads are planned, and vehicle movement envelopes are established. Obstacles that need to be temporarily cleared are identified, and construction safety areas are planned.

[0067] 2. Analysis of special vehicles and live areas: (1) Analysis of special vehicle operations: A: Vehicle parameter modeling: Modeling dimensional parameters (vehicle height, width, arm span length), modeling operating parameters (maximum lifting height, maximum extension radius), and modeling insulation characteristics (vehicle insulation level, grounding device).

[0068] B: Dynamic operation simulation: simulate the movement trajectory of each vehicle component during operation, set multi-level alarm thresholds (warning, emergency, danger), and automatically limit mechanical movements entering dangerous areas.

[0069] C: Special working condition analysis: stability assessment under strong wind conditions, ground resistance changes on slippery roads, and displacement calculation under emergency braking conditions.

[0070] Specifically, GIS technology is used to finely model live equipment (conductors, insulators, structures, etc.), and then a vehicle parametric model library is established, and terrain and obstacle data are integrated. GIS technology is then used to establish dynamic safety distance buffers, assess operator blind spots, and detect potential contact risks in real time, ultimately achieving real-time location monitoring, early warning, and multi-scheme comparison and optimization.

[0071] 3. GIS analysis of construction vehicle working surface: (1) Analysis of construction working surface elements: A: Spatial dimension analysis: Analyze the horizontal operating range (vehicle operating radius, mechanical reach), vertical operating space (lifting height, underground excavation depth) and dynamic envelope area (vehicle movement trajectory, mechanical swing range).

[0072] B: Environmental constraints: Analyze the safety distance from adjacent facilities (pipelines, buildings, temporary structures).

[0073] (2) Construction vehicle operation capability matching: A: Vehicle parameter modeling: Model the vehicle's parameters to determine whether they match the operating capabilities.

[0074] B: Work surface adaptability assessment: Calculate the minimum work surface required by vehicles / equipment to avoid cross-operation conflicts between multiple work equipment, thereby ensuring the safe entry and exit of vehicles in the work surface.

[0075] Specifically, GIS technology is used to construct a high-precision three-dimensional model of the construction environment, and then the motion envelope of robotic arms and lifting equipment is simulated to identify the risk of interference between vehicles and buildings and temporary facilities. When the vehicle is stationary, the safe operating range of the vehicle is analyzed, and when the vehicle is moving, the safety warning zone of the vehicle is analyzed. Based on this, different risk levels are set. In addition, in the event of an emergency, GIS technology can also establish a rapid evacuation channel to ensure safe evacuation.

[0076] To better illustrate the above embodiment, the present invention also proposes another implementation scheme: an analysis method of a BIM model construction drill GIS spatial analysis system, characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1: Before importing BIM data into GIS, prepare the data so that the data classification, expression, compatibility and geospatial standards meet the requirements; Step 2: Convert the data into a format supported by GIS software by developing BIM plug-ins, intermediate data formats, and GIS software to directly read BIM data; Step 3: Perform lightweight operations on the BIM building model to reduce data processing volume and increase loading speed; Step 4: Optimize the organizational structure and data to further reduce the amount of data to be processed, lower the processing load, and improve processing efficiency; Step 5: Publish the processed data in three dimensions for display; Step 6: Provide three-dimensional spatial computing capabilities based on the integrated data to directly support construction decisions.

[0077] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0078] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A BIM model construction drill GIS spatial analysis system, characterized by: It includes data preparation module (1), format conversion module (2), BIM building model lightweight module (3), optimization module (4), platform integration module (5) and space analysis module (6); The data preparation module (1) includes data conforming to geospatial data standards, data following semantic and classification standards, data supporting multi-scale expression and data format compatibility; The format conversion module (2) includes a self-developed BIM plug-in, and directly reads BIM data through an intermediate data format and GIS software; The BIM building model lightweight module (3) includes geometry simplification, texture optimization, data compression, instantiation technology and layering and block management; The optimization module (4) includes organizational structure optimization and data optimization; The platform integration module (5) publishes the processed data in three dimensions for display; The spatial analysis module (6) provides three-dimensional spatial computing capabilities based on the integrated data, directly supporting construction decisions, including road and special vehicle turning analysis, special vehicle and live area analysis, and construction vehicle working surface GIS analysis.

2. A BIM model construction drill GIS spatial analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific content of data that complies with geospatial data standards is as follows: Coordinate system unification: The coordinate system of the BIM model must be consistent with the coordinate system of the GIS system, usually using a national or local unified geodetic coordinate system; Consistent spatial reference: The spatial data in the BIM model has clear spatial reference information, ensuring that it can be correctly matched and integrated with the terrain and landform data in the GIS system; The specific contents of data following semantic and classification standards are as follows: Industry standard classification: GIS systems usually follow specific industry classification standards. Components and elements in BIM models should be classified according to similar standards so that they can be correctly identified and managed in the GIS environment. Clear semantic information: All elements in the BIM model should have clear semantic information; The specific contents of data supporting multi-scale expression are as follows: Integration of macro and micro: GIS systems display and analyze geographic spatial information at different scales. At the macro scale, BIM models can represent the overall layout and outline of buildings or building complexes in a simplified form, integrating with urban or regional planning data in GIS. At the micro scale, BIM models must retain detailed building component information. Level of detail control: BIM models can dynamically adjust the level of detail of the model according to different application requirements and display ratios; The specific contents of data format compatibility are as follows: Universal data format support: GIS systems support multiple data formats. BIM models need to be converted to corresponding data formats or exchanged through intermediate data formats so that they can be read and processed by GIS systems. Data conversion and optimization: When importing BIM data into the GIS system, the data is converted and optimized.

3. A BIM model construction drill GIS spatial analysis system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific contents of the self-developed BIM plug-in are as follows: Conduct secondary development based on the data interface provided by BIM software to convert BIM data into GIS database; The specific contents of the intermediate data format are as follows: Organize the BIM model according to the IFC standard to generate IFC format data, or convert it into FBX, OBJ, or OSG model data formats. GIS software can directly read the converted data. The specific contents of GIS software directly reading BIM data are as follows: GIS software directly supports the access of BIM data, improving the quality of read BIM data.

4. A BIM model construction drill GIS spatial analysis system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific contents of geometric simplification are as follows: Deleting redundant details: removing subtle components in the BIM model that have no impact on the overall structure and function; Simplify complex geometric shapes: replace complex curved surfaces and irregular shapes with simple geometric shapes.

5. A BIM model construction drill GIS spatial analysis system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific contents of texture optimization are as follows: Compress texture images: Use efficient image compression algorithms to reduce the size of texture files while ensuring visual effects; Reduce texture resolution: Based on actual needs, appropriately reduce the texture resolution and reduce the amount of texture data.

6. A BIM model construction drill GIS spatial analysis system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific contents of data compression are as follows: Lossless compression algorithm: Use lossless compression algorithm to compress BIM model data, reducing file size without losing data accuracy; Lossy compression algorithm: For data with low precision requirements, a lossy compression algorithm can be used.

7. A BIM model construction drill GIS spatial analysis system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific content of instantiation technology is as follows: Identify duplicate objects: Find out the components that are repeated in large quantities in the BIM model; Instantiation processing: Only the complete information of one component is stored, and other duplicate components are represented by referencing the instance to reduce data redundancy.

8. A BIM model construction drill GIS spatial analysis system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific contents of layer and block management are as follows: Layering by function: Divide the BIM model into different layers according to function, and load the corresponding layer data as needed; Divide by space: Divide large BIM models into multiple small blocks according to spatial location. When browsing, only the block data within the current field of view is loaded to improve loading speed. The specific contents of the organizational structure optimization are as follows: Separate the building's exterior and interior: organize all the building's exterior objects into one layer, and organize all the building's interior structure objects into another layer. By setting the visible distance of the layer, when observing from a distance, only the building's exterior data is loaded, and when entering the building, the interior structure data is loaded. Separation of above-ground and underground data: Separate the above-ground model from the underground model and only load the data that needs to be observed; The specific contents of the data optimization are as follows: Data structure optimization: selecting appropriate data models and simplifying geometric complexity; Data storage and management optimization: adopt distributed storage architecture, data partitioning and caching, as well as data governance and lightweight operations.

9. A BIM model construction drill GIS spatial analysis system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific contents of road and special vehicle turning analysis are as follows: Road turning analysis: including turning radius analysis, sight distance analysis and slope analysis; Special vehicle turning analysis: including vehicle path analysis, dynamic turning simulation and road load analysis; The specific contents of the analysis of special vehicles and live areas are as follows: Special vehicle operation analysis: including vehicle parameter modeling, dynamic operation simulation and special working condition analysis; The specific contents of the GIS analysis of the construction vehicle working surface are as follows: Construction working surface element analysis: including spatial dimension analysis and environmental constraints; Construction vehicle operational capability matching: including vehicle parameter modeling and work surface adaptability assessment.

10. An analysis method applied to a BIM model construction drill GIS spatial analysis system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Before importing BIM data into GIS, prepare the data so that the data classification, expression, compatibility and geospatial standards meet the requirements; S2: By developing BIM plug-ins, intermediate data formats, and GIS software to directly read BIM data, the data can be converted into a format supported by GIS software; S3: Perform lightweight operations on BIM building models to reduce data processing volume and increase loading speed; S4: Optimize organizational structure and data to further reduce data processing volume, lower processing load, and improve processing efficiency; S5: Publish the processed data in three dimensions for display; S6: Provides three-dimensional spatial computing capabilities based on integrated data to directly support construction decisions.

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