Sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnet diffusion reaction system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnet diffusion reaction system and method. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a diffusion furnace bin and further comprises a plurality of material boxes installed on a bearing plate of a driving mechanism, a plurality of neodymium-iron-boron blanks are borne in the material boxes, a separation assembly is movably installed between every two adjacent neodymium-iron-boron blanks and used for separating every two adjacent neodymium-iron-boron blanks, and the neodymium-iron-boron blanks are arranged in the material boxes. And after the material box is installed, the material box is separated from the neodymium-iron-boron green body. According to the method, all positions of the neodymium-iron-boron green body can be in full contact with the heavy rare earth permeation source, and the problem that the coercive force and the residual magnetism performance of the magnetic element are improved unevenly due to the fact that the spacer material may hinder effective diffusion of heavy rare earth elements to the side surface of the magnetic element is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of NdFeB diffusion systems, and in particular to a sintered NdFeB magnet diffusion reaction system and method. Background Art

[0002] In order to obtain sintered NdFeB permanent magnets with high remanence and high coercivity, heavy rare earth is diffused on the surface of the sintered NdFeB permanent magnets by surface penetration and diffusion.

[0003] The target material utilization rate of vacuum sputtering is low, generally 45-50%, and the cost is high; each surface of the NdFeB blank must be sputtered separately, and it must be sent to a vacuum furnace for vacuum diffusion treatment, which is inefficient; the equipment is complex and the investment is large, but the utilization rate of heavy rare earth materials is relatively high.

[0004] In the coating method, the NdFeB blanks need to be sprayed, printed, and dipped one by one, which is inefficient. An adhesive must be added, which sticks to the surface and is difficult to remove. The coating layer may peel off during diffusion, and the reliability is average.

[0005] One infiltration method involves embedding the NdFeB blank in a heavy rare earth infiltration source and performing the infiltration treatment under vacuum and high temperature. The NdFeB blank is then separated from the heavy rare earth infiltration source and subjected to a diffusion treatment under vacuum and high temperature, followed by an aging step. While heavy rare earth material utilization is low, the infiltration method offers lower equipment costs and higher experimental efficiency than sputtering and coating methods for laboratory verification of rare earth formulations for diffusion processes, making it a better choice for initial verification of rare earth formulations for diffusion processes.

[0006] When burying the NdFeB blank in the heavy rare earth infiltration source, since the NdFeB blanks will stick to each other, it is sometimes necessary to place non-magnetic spacer materials between the NdFeB blanks. The spacer materials in the existing technology may still hinder the sufficient diffusion of heavy rare earth elements to the surface of the magnetic component, resulting in uneven improvement of the coercive force and residual magnetic properties of the magnetic component. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology and to propose a NdFeB diffusion system and process that can make the contact between the heavy rare earth infiltration source and the NdFeB blank more complete.

[0008] On the one hand, the present invention proposes a sintered NdFeB magnet heavy rare earth grain boundary diffusion reaction system, comprising the diffusion furnace bin, a plurality of material boxes installed on the supporting plate of the driving mechanism, wherein the material boxes carry a plurality of NdFeB blanks, and a partition assembly is movably installed between two adjacent NdFeB blanks, wherein the partition assembly is used to separate the two adjacent NdFeB blanks and separate the NdFeB blanks from the material boxes after installation. A vibration module is installed on the supporting plate, and the vibration module drives the material box to vibrate and can control the vibration amplitude of the material box.

[0009] Preferably, the material box includes a lower seat and multiple upper seats stacked on the lower seat, a top cover is movably installed on the uppermost seat, a discharge port is provided on the lower seat, a sealing plate is detachably installed on the discharge port, a plurality of limiting holes are provided on the sealing plate and the lower seat, limiting rods are inserted in the limiting holes, and a plurality of flow holes are provided at the bottom of the upper seat.

[0010] Preferably, positioning holes are provided at the four corners of the top plates of the lower seat and the upper seat, and a plurality of positioning rods are fixedly installed on the bottoms of the upper seat and the top cover.

[0011] Preferably, the partition assembly includes a mounting seat, partition rods are slidably installed on all four sides of the mounting seat, a slide rod is fixedly installed in the mounting seat, a driving block is slidably installed on the slide rod, a first spring is fixedly installed between the driving block and the mounting seat, a slide groove is provided on all four sides of the driving block, a slider is slidably installed in the slide groove, a connecting bar is rotatably installed on the slider, and the other end of the connecting bar is rotatably connected to the partition rod.

[0012] Preferably, the slide groove includes a vertical portion perpendicular to the slide rod and an inclined portion inclined to the slide rod, a connecting block is fixedly mounted on the driving block, an extension rod is fixedly mounted on the connecting block, and a pressure rod is detachably mounted on the extension rod.

[0013] Preferably, a release assembly is installed on the supporting plate, and the release assembly controls the connection state of the discharge port and the sealing plate. The release assembly includes a cavity provided on the supporting plate, and a baffle is detachably installed on the cavity. Control rods are slidably installed on both sides of the supporting plate, and a plurality of plug rods are fixedly installed on the control rods. Plug holes are provided on both the supporting plate and the baffle. A connecting rod is rotatably installed on the control rod, and a round rod is fixedly installed on the connecting rod. The round rod is slidably connected to the supporting plate, and a synchronization plate is fixedly installed on the two round rods. A push rod motor is fixedly installed on the supporting plate, and the output shaft of the push rod motor is fixedly connected to the synchronization plate. A collection box is slidably installed in the cooling chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the vibration module includes a first motor fixedly mounted on a carrying plate, a carrying box fixedly mounted on an output shaft of the first motor, a counterweight block slidably mounted in the carrying box, a second spring fixedly mounted on the collecting box, the other end of the second spring fixedly connected to the cooling chamber, a first driving cylinder fixedly mounted in the cooling chamber, a first sealing head slidably mounted in the first driving cylinder, a first transmission column fixedly mounted on the first sealing head, the first transmission column fixedly connected to the collection box, a second driving cylinder fixedly mounted in the carrying box, a second sealing head slidably mounted in the second driving cylinder, a second transmission column highly mounted on the second sealing head, the second transmission column fixedly connected to the counterweight block, both ends of the first driving cylinder and the second driving cylinder are connected by a hose, and the first driving cylinder and the second driving cylinder and the hose are all filled with hydraulic medium.

[0015] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes two guide rods fixedly installed inside the cooling chamber, a screw rod rotatably installed inside the cooling chamber, and a second motor fixedly installed inside the cooling chamber. The output shaft of the second motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the screw rod. A slide is slidably installed on the two guide rods, and the slide is threadedly connected to the screw rod. An insulating sealing head is fixedly installed on the supporting plate.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of nozzles are fixedly installed in the cooling chamber, a fan is fixedly installed at one end of the nozzle, the air inlet end of the fan is connected to the heat exchanger, the other end of the heat exchanger is connected to a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is connected to the bottom of the cooling chamber, and a vacuum exhaust device is fixedly installed on one side of the cooling chamber.

[0017] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention uses a separator component to isolate two adjacent NdFeB blanks after the material box is installed. The heavy rare earth penetration source is used to separate the NdFeB blanks from the separator component. At this time, the NdFeB blanks are separated from the separator component, so that a gap appears between the NdFeB blanks and the separator component, and the gap can be fully filled with the heavy rare earth penetration source, thereby effectively ensuring that all positions of the NdFeB blanks can be fully in contact with the heavy rare earth penetration source, effectively avoiding the problem of uneven improvement of the coercive force and residual magnetic properties of the magnetic element. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the NdFeB diffusion system; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the NdFeB diffusion system; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the NdFeB diffusion system; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the driving mechanism; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the material box; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure inside the material box; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the positions of the NdFeB blank and the separator components; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the distribution of NdFeB blank and heavy rare earth infiltration source; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the separation component Figure 1 ; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the separation component Figure 2 ; Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the release component; Figure 12 for Figure 11 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the hose connection relationship.

[0019] 1. Diffusion furnace chamber; 2. Heating device; 3. Cooling chamber; 4. Guide rod; 401. Screw rod; 402. Second motor; 403. Slide plate; 404. Loading plate; 405. Heat-insulating plugging head; 5. Material box; 501. Lower seat; 502. Upper seat; 503. Top cover; 504. Discharge port; 505. Closing plate; 506. Limiting hole; 507. Limiting rod; 508. Flow hole; 509. Positioning hole; 510. Positioning rod; 6. NdFeB blank; 601. Heavy rare earth infiltration source; 7. Separation assembly; 701. Mounting seat; 702. Separation rod; 703. Slide rod; 704. Drive block; 705. First spring; 706. Slide groove; 7061. Vertical portion; 7062. Inclined portion; 70 7. Connecting strip; 708. Connecting block; 709. Extension rod; 710. Pressure rod; 8. Cavity; 801. Baffle; 802. Control rod; 803. Insert rod; 804. Insert hole; 805. Connecting rod; 806. Round rod; 807. Synchronizing plate; 808. Push rod motor; 809. Collecting box; 9. First motor; 901. Carrying box; 902. Counterweight; 903. Second spring; 904. First driving cylinder; 905. First sealing head; 906. First transmission column; 907. Second driving cylinder; 908. Second sealing head; 909. Second transmission column; 910. Hose; 10. Nozzle; 1001. Heat exchanger; 1002. Fan; 1003. Connecting pipe; 1004. Vacuum extraction device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention proposes a sintered NdFeB magnet heavy rare earth grain boundary diffusion reaction system, including a diffusion furnace bin 1, the diffusion furnace bin 1 is covered with a heating device 2, the interior of the diffusion furnace bin 1 can be heated by a heating rotary column, one end of the heating device 2 is sealed and connected to a cooling chamber 3, a driving mechanism is installed in the cooling chamber 3, and a bearing plate 404 is installed on the driving mechanism, the driving mechanism includes two guide rods 4 fixedly installed in the cooling chamber 3, a screw rod 401 rotatably installed in the cooling chamber 3, and a second motor 402 fixedly installed in the cooling chamber 3, the output shaft of the second motor 402 is coaxially fixedly connected to the screw rod 401, a slide plate 403 is slidably installed on the two guide rods 4, the slide plate 403 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 401, the screw rod 401 can be driven to rotate by the second motor 402, and the rotating screw rod 401 can drive the slide plate 403 to slide along the guide rod 4, thereby driving the bearing plate 404 to enter or leave the interior of the diffusion furnace bin 1, and a heat-insulating sealing head 405 is fixedly installed on the bearing plate 404. When the supporting plate 404 enters the diffusion furnace chamber 1 , the heat-insulating plugging head 405 can fully contact the diffusion furnace chamber 1 .

[0022] Furthermore, a plurality of nozzles 10 are fixedly installed in the cooling chamber 3. A fan 1002 is fixedly installed at one end of the nozzle 10. The air inlet end of the fan 1002 is connected to the heat exchanger 1001. The other end of the heat exchanger 1001 is connected to a connecting pipe 1003. The connecting pipe 1003 is connected to the bottom of the cooling chamber 3. The fan 1002 can blow air into the nozzle 10, and the gas entering the nozzle 10 can be cooled by the heat exchanger 1001, thereby allowing cold air to enter the cooling chamber 3, thereby quickly cooling the cooling chamber 3. A vacuum exhaust device 1004 is fixedly installed on one side of the cooling chamber 3. The diffusion furnace bin 1 can be evacuated by the vacuum exhaust device 1004.

[0023] like Figures 5 to 10As shown, this embodiment also includes a plurality of material boxes 5 mounted on the carrier plate 404, wherein the material boxes 5 carry a plurality of NdFeB blanks 6. The material boxes 5 include a lower seat 501 and a plurality of upper seats 502 stacked on the lower seat 501. A top cover 503 is movably mounted on the upper seat 502 at the top. A discharge port 504 is provided on the lower seat 501. A sealing plate 505 is detachably mounted on the discharge port 504. A plurality of limiting holes 506 are provided on the sealing plate 505 and the lower seat 501. A limiting rod 507 is inserted into the limiting hole 506. When the limiting rod 507 is inserted into the limiting hole 506, the sealing plate 505 will be fixed inside the discharge port 504. When the limiting rod 507 is pulled out, the sealing plate 505 will move downward under the action of gravity, so that the sealing plate 505 can be separated from the discharge port 504. A plurality of flow holes 508 are provided at the bottom of the upper seat 502. The heavy rare earth infiltration source 601 inside the upper seat 502 can flow downward through the flow hole 508. Positioning holes 509 are provided at the four corners of the top plates of the lower seat 501 and the upper seat 502. Multiple positioning rods 510 are fixedly mounted on the bottoms of the upper seat 502 and the top cover 503. The interaction between the positioning rods 510 and the positioning holes 509 ensures that the upper seat 502 and the lower seat 501 remain firmly connected.

[0024] Furthermore, a separation component 7 is movably installed between two adjacent NdFeB blanks 6. The separation component 7 separates the two adjacent NdFeB blanks 6 and is separated from the NdFeB blank 6 after the material box 5 is installed. A gap can be created between the NdFeB blank 6 and the separation component 7, and the gap can be fully filled with the heavy rare earth infiltration source 601, thereby effectively ensuring that each position of the NdFeB blank 6 can be in full contact with the heavy rare earth infiltration source 601.

[0025] Furthermore, the partition assembly 7 includes a mounting seat 701, and partition rods 702 are slidably installed around the mounting seat 701. The partition rods 702 contact the NdFeB blank 6 to limit the position of the NdFeB blank 6. A slide rod 703 is fixedly installed in the mounting seat 701, and a driving block 704 is slidably installed on the slide rod 703. A first spring 705 is fixedly installed between the driving block 704 and the mounting seat 701. Under the action of the first spring 705, the driving block 704 can maintain a constant position when not affected by external force. Slide grooves 706 are provided around the driving block 704, and a slider is slidably installed in the slide groove 706. A connecting bar 707 is rotatably installed on the slider, and the other end of the connecting bar 707 is rotatably connected to the partition rod 702. When the driving block 704 moves downward under downward pressure, the slider will move along the slide groove 706, thereby driving multiple partition rods 702 to move inward synchronously, so that the partition rods 702 move away from the NdFeB blank 6, thereby separating the partition rods 702 from the NdFeB blank 6, and allowing the heavy rare earth infiltration source 601 to fully fill and contact the gap between the partition rods 702 and the NdFeB blank 6.

[0026] It is noteworthy that the chute 706 includes a vertical portion 7061 arranged perpendicular to the slide bar 703 and an inclined portion 7062 arranged obliquely to the slide bar 703. The vertical portion 7061 is arranged so that when the partition rod 702 applies pressure to the drive block 704, since the force is perpendicular to the drive block 704, the partition rod 702 can be prevented from causing the drive block 704 to move axially under the pressure of the NdFeB blank 6. The drive block 704 is fixedly mounted with a connecting block 708, and the connecting block 708 is fixedly mounted with an extension rod 709. The extension rod 709 is detachably mounted with a pressure rod 710. The top height of the pressure rod 710 is higher than the lower seat 501 or the upper seat 502. When the upper seat 502 is connected to the lower seat 501 or when the upper seat 502 is connected to the upper seat 502, the upper seat 502 will squeeze the pressure rod 710, thereby driving the drive block 704 to move.

[0027] like Figure 2 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, in this embodiment, a release assembly is installed on the carrier plate 404, and the release assembly controls the connection state of the discharge port 504 and the sealing plate 505. The release assembly includes a cavity 8 provided on the carrier plate 404, and a baffle 801 is detachably installed on the cavity 8. Control rods 802 are slidably installed on both sides of the carrier plate 404, and a plurality of plug rods 803 are fixedly installed on the control rod 802. Plug holes 804 are provided on the carrier plate 404 and the baffle 801. A connecting rod 805 is rotatably installed on the control rod 802, and a round rod 806 is fixedly installed on the connecting rod 805. The round rod 806 is slidably connected to the carrier plate 404, and a synchronization plate 807 is fixedly installed on the two round rods 806. A push rod motor 808 is fixedly installed on the plate 404, and the output shaft of the push rod motor 808 is fixedly connected to the synchronization plate 807. When it is necessary to separate the heavy rare earth infiltration source 601 inside the material box 5, the push rod motor 808 drives the round rod 806 to move, and then drives the connecting rod 805 to move, and then drives the control rod 802 to move horizontally. At this time, the insertion rod 803 can be detached from the inside of the supporting plate 404, and the baffle 801 can fall under the action of gravity. At this time, the sealing plate 505 will fall with the baffle 801, and the discharge port 504 can be connected, so that the heavy rare earth infiltration source 601 can be discharged to the collection box 809 outside the material box 5.

[0028] like Figure 2 and Figure 13 As shown, the present embodiment also includes a vibration module installed on the carrier plate 404, which drives the material box 5 to vibrate and controls the vibration amplitude of the material box 5 as the internal mass of the material box 5 changes. In the early stage of separation, a large amount of rare earth infiltration source powder may adhere to the surface of the NdFeB blank 6. A higher vibration frequency can generate a stronger vibration force, which helps to quickly break the adhesion between the powder and the surface of the NdFeB blank, so that the powder quickly separates from the NdFeB blank, which can speed up the separation speed and improve the overall production efficiency. As the separation proceeds, the amount of powder on the surface of the NdFeB blank decreases. If high-frequency vibration is continued, it may cause an excessively large gap between the NdFeB blank and the carrier, and even cause the NdFeB blank to shift or be damaged. A low vibration frequency can reduce the mechanical stress on the NdFeB blank and avoid damage to the NdFeB blank caused by excessive vibration.

[0029] The vibration module includes a first motor 9 fixedly mounted on the carrier plate 404, a carrier box 901 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the first motor 9, a counterweight 902 is slidably mounted in the carrier box 901, and the first motor 9 can drive the carrier box 901 to rotate eccentrically, thereby causing the carrier plate 404 to vibrate, and the farther the counterweight 902 is from the rotation axis, the greater the centrifugal force, which will cause the vibration amplitude of the carrier plate 404 to also be greater, a second spring 903 is fixedly mounted on the collection box 809, and the other end of the second spring 903 is fixedly connected to the cooling chamber 3, when the heavy rare earth infiltration source 601 gradually enters the interior of the collection box 809, the collection box 809 will gradually descend, and a first driving cylinder 90 is fixedly mounted in the cooling chamber 3. 4. A first sealing head 905 is slidably installed in the first driving cylinder 904, and a first transmission column 906 is fixedly installed on the first sealing head 905. The first transmission column 906 is fixedly connected to the collection box 809. A second driving cylinder 907 is fixedly installed in the carrying box 901. A second sealing head 908 is slidably installed in the second driving cylinder 907. A second transmission column 909 is highly installed on the second sealing head 908. The second transmission column 909 is fixedly connected to the counterweight block 902. Both ends of the first driving cylinder 904 and the second driving cylinder 907 are connected by a hose 910 and are connected by a rotating joint to adapt to the rotation of the carrying box 901. The first driving cylinder 904, the second driving cylinder 907 and the hose 910 are all filled with hydraulic medium. The hydraulic medium is a liquid that cannot be compressed under the working environment. When the collecting box 809 gradually descends, it will drive the first sealing head 905 to move downward, and then the hydraulic medium inside the first driving cylinder 904 can enter the second driving cylinder 907 through the hose 910. At this time, it will drive the second sealing head 908 to move, and drive the counterweight block 902 to move, so that the position of the counterweight block 902 changes, and then the vibration amplitude of the supporting plate 404 and the material box 5 can be changed as the heavy rare earth infiltration source 601 is applied, that is, as the internal mass of the material box 5 changes.

[0030] The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Place the heavy rare earth infiltration source 601 on the sealing plate 505, and then place the NdFeB blanks 6 on the heavy rare earth infiltration source 601 in sequence, separate the adjacent NdFeB blanks 6 by the partition assembly 7, and then fill the lower seat 501 with the heavy rare earth infiltration source 601.

[0031] Step 2: Install the upper seat 502 on the lower seat 501, and place the NdFeB blank 6 according to the installation method in step 1, and stack multiple upper seats 502 in sequence, and then install the top cover 503 on the upper seat 502 at the top; Step 3: Place the material box 5 on the carrying plate 404 and pull out the limiting rod 507; Step 4: The carrying plate 404 and the material box are moved into the diffusion furnace bin 1 by the driving mechanism, and the diffusion furnace bin 1 is evacuated to perform diffusion treatment; Step 5: After heating is completed, the material box 5 is removed from the diffusion furnace bin 1 through the driving mechanism; Step 6: Separate the heavy rare earth infiltration source 601 from the material box 5 and put the material box 5 back into the diffusion furnace bin 1 for heating and aging treatment; Step 7: Move the material box 5 into the cooling chamber 3 through the driving mechanism and cool it.

[0032] The above specific embodiments are merely several optional embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant inspirations of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art may make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

Claims

1. A sintered NdFeB magnet heavy rare earth grain boundary diffusion reaction system, characterized in that: It comprises a diffusion furnace bin (1), characterized in that it also comprises: A plurality of material boxes (5) are mounted on a supporting plate (404) of a driving mechanism, wherein a plurality of NdFeB blanks (6) are carried in the material boxes (5), and a separation component (7) is movably mounted between two adjacent NdFeB blanks (6), wherein the separation component (7) is used to separate the two adjacent NdFeB blanks (6) and is separated from the NdFeB blanks (6) after the material boxes (5) are mounted; A vibration module is mounted on the carrier plate (404), and the vibration module drives the material box (5) to vibrate, and can control the vibration amplitude of the material box (5).

2. A sintered NdFeB magnet heavy rare earth grain boundary diffusion reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material box (5) includes a lower seat (501) and a plurality of upper seats (502) stacked on the lower seat (501), a top cover (503) is movably mounted on the uppermost seat (502), a discharge port (504) is provided on the lower seat (501), a sealing plate (505) is detachably mounted on the discharge port (504), a plurality of limiting holes (506) are provided on the sealing plate (505) and the lower seat (501), limiting rods (507) are inserted into the limiting holes (506), and a plurality of flow holes (508) are provided at the bottom of the upper seat (502).

3. A sintered NdFeB magnet heavy rare earth grain boundary diffusion reaction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Positioning holes (509) are provided at the four corners of the top plates of the lower seat (501) and the upper seat (502), and a plurality of positioning rods (510) are fixedly mounted on the bottoms of the upper seat (502) and the top cover (503).

4. A sintered NdFeB magnet heavy rare earth grain boundary diffusion reaction system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The partition assembly (7) includes a mounting seat (701), a partition rod (702) is slidably mounted on all four sides of the mounting seat (701), a slide rod (703) is fixedly mounted in the mounting seat (701), a driving block (704) is slidably mounted on the slide rod (703), a first spring (705) is fixedly mounted between the driving block (704) and the mounting seat (701), a sliding groove (706) is provided on all four sides of the driving block (704), a slider is slidably mounted in the sliding groove (706), a connecting bar (707) is rotatably mounted on the slider, and the other end of the connecting bar (707) is rotatably connected to the partition rod (702).

5. The sintered NdFeB magnet heavy rare earth grain boundary diffusion reaction system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slide groove (706) includes a vertical portion (7061) arranged perpendicular to the slide rod (703) and an inclined portion (7062) arranged obliquely to the slide rod (703). A connecting block (708) is fixedly mounted on the driving block (704). An extension rod (709) is fixedly mounted on the connecting block (708). A pressure rod (710) is detachably mounted on the extension rod (709).

6. The sintered NdFeB magnet heavy rare earth grain boundary diffusion reaction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A release assembly is installed on the carrier plate (404), and the release assembly controls the connection state of the discharge port (504) and the sealing plate (505). The release assembly includes a cavity (8) provided on the carrier plate (404), and a baffle (801) is detachably installed on the cavity (8). Control rods (802) are slidably installed on both sides of the carrier plate (404), and a plurality of plug rods (803) are fixedly installed on the control rods (802). The carrier plate (404) and the baffle (801) are both provided with plug holes (803). 4), a connecting rod (805) is rotatably mounted on the control rod (802), a round rod (806) is fixedly mounted on the connecting rod (805), the round rod (806) is slidably connected to the supporting plate (404), a synchronous plate (807) is fixedly mounted on the two round rods (806), a push rod motor (808) is fixedly mounted on the supporting plate (404), an output shaft of the push rod motor (808) is fixedly connected to the synchronous plate (807), and a collection box (809) is slidably mounted in the cooling chamber (3).

7. The sintered NdFeB magnet heavy rare earth grain boundary diffusion reaction system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vibration module comprises a first motor (9) fixedly mounted on a carrier plate (404), a carrier box (901) fixedly mounted on an output shaft of the first motor (9), a counterweight (902) slidably mounted in the carrier box (901), a second spring (903) fixedly mounted on the collection box (809), the other end of the second spring (903) fixedly connected to the cooling chamber (3), a first driving cylinder (904) fixedly mounted in the cooling chamber (3), a first sealing head (905) slidably mounted in the first driving cylinder (904), and a first transmission column (906) fixedly mounted on the first sealing head (905). The first transmission column (906) is fixedly connected to the collection box (809), a second driving cylinder (907) is fixedly installed in the carrying box (901), a second sealing head (908) is slidably installed in the second driving cylinder (907), a second transmission column (909) is installed at a height above the second sealing head (908), and the second transmission column (909) is fixedly connected to the counterweight (902), and both ends of the first driving cylinder (904) and the second driving cylinder (907) are connected through a hose (910), and the first driving cylinder (904), the second driving cylinder (907) and the hose (910) are all filled with hydraulic medium.

8. The sintered NdFeB magnet heavy rare earth grain boundary diffusion reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises two guide rods (4) fixedly mounted inside the cooling chamber (3), a screw rod (401) rotatably mounted inside the cooling chamber (3), and a second motor (402) fixedly mounted inside the cooling chamber (3), wherein the output shaft of the second motor (402) is coaxially fixedly connected to the screw rod (401), a slide plate (403) is slidably mounted on the two guide rods (4), the slide plate (403) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (401), and a heat-insulating sealing head (405) is fixedly mounted on the bearing plate (404).

9. The sintered NdFeB magnet heavy rare earth grain boundary diffusion reaction system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of nozzles (10) are fixedly installed in the cooling chamber (3), a fan (1002) is fixedly installed at one end of the nozzle (10), an air inlet end of the fan (1002) is connected to the heat exchanger (1001), the other end of the heat exchanger (1001) is connected to a connecting pipe (1003), the connecting pipe (1003) is connected to the bottom of the cooling chamber (3), and a vacuum exhaust device (1004) is fixedly installed on one side of the cooling chamber (3).

10. A method used in a sintered NdFeB magnet heavy rare earth grain boundary diffusion reaction system: characterized in that: Using a diffusion system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprises: Placing NdFeB blanks on the heavy rare earth infiltration source in sequence, placing a partition assembly between two adjacent NdFeB blanks, and then filling the material box with the heavy rare earth infiltration source; Stack multiple cartridges in sequence, place the cartridges on a carrier plate, and apply the heavy rare earth permeation source in the top cartridge downward; After the cartridge is installed, the separator assembly is separated from the NdFeB blank, so that a gap appears between the NdFeB blank and the separator assembly, and the gap can be fully filled with the heavy rare earth infiltration source; The carrying plate and the material box are moved into the diffusion furnace chamber by the driving mechanism, and the diffusion furnace chamber is vacuumed to perform the diffusion treatment; After heating is completed, the material box is removed from the diffusion furnace bin by the driving mechanism; The heavy rare earth infiltration source is separated from the material box, and the material box is sent back into the diffusion furnace bin for heating and aging treatment; The material box is moved into the cooling chamber by the driving mechanism and cooled.

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