Residential cabin air system for submersion and method of supplying air thereto

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of diving with living cabin gas system and its gas supply method, gas system includes living cabin, and living cabin is equipped with gas connecting plate, it is connected with gas supply unit, pressure reducing pipeline and gas analysis pipeline, gas supply unit includes shunt compressed air gas supply pipeline and helium-oxygen gas supply pipeline, compressed air gas supply pipeline is connected with multiple shunt compressed air bottle, helium-oxygen gas supply pipeline is connected with shunt liquid oxygen dewar flask and helium bottle, the outlet of liquid oxygen dewar flask is connected with helium-oxygen gas supply pipeline by first electromagnetic regulating valve, the outlet of helium bottle is connected with helium-oxygen gas supply pipeline by second electromagnetic regulating valve, compressed air gas supply pipeline includes first branch pipe and second branch pipe in living cabin, and the outlet end of busbar is connected with multiple respirators.The application can realize smooth switching from compressed air environment to helium-oxygen or helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas environment, to improve the safety, economy and system flexibility of gas adaptation in early deepwater diving operation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of saturation diving, and particularly relates to a living cabin gas system for diving and a gas supply method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The mobile saturation diving system is mainly used for deep diving operations, such as rescue and lifesaving, emergency rescue and salvage tasks. The system is usually composed of multiple modules, including a living cabin module, a diving bell module, a hoisting module, a centralized operation control module, a life support equipment module, an emergency high-pressure escape cabin module, a support equipment module and a gas source module (optional). The living cabin module is the main space for the divers to stay and wait on the water surface for a long time, and it not only undertakes multiple functions such as living, pressurization and depressurization, gas adaptation and health monitoring, but also directly affects the safety and continuity of diving operations. The gas supply mode of the living cabin module usually depends on high-pressure gas cylinders or external compressed air systems, and the gas enters the cabin through a gas connection plate to form a constant-pressure and constant-composition cabin atmosphere. The living cabin module is also provided with a depressurization exhaust pipeline and a gas monitoring device for completing the step-by-step depressurization and gas concentration monitoring after the operation is completed.

[0003] In the prior art, compressed air is usually used as the environmental gas in the living cabin to maintain the cabin pressure and provide initial breathing gas, and the system structure is relatively simple and the operation cost is low, which is suitable for diving tasks in medium and shallow water depths. However, for deep diving scenarios, nitrogen in compressed air can easily cause nitrogen narcosis under high partial pressure, which cannot meet the safety requirements of deep diving operations, so the breathing gas needs to be switched to helium-oxygen mixed gas to reduce the risk of narcosis and improve the adaptability to deep water. However, helium is a rare gas with high cost and complex storage and transportation, so the prior art usually only configures a helium-oxygen mixed gas source in the diving bell module for special breathing gas during the diving operation of the diver. In the living cabin module, compressed air is still used to reduce costs. Under this background, the diver needs to switch from compressed air to helium-oxygen mixed gas for gas adaptation before transitioning from the living cabin to the diving bell, but the existing gas system lacks integrated dynamic gas mixing capability and transition adjustment mechanism, making it difficult to achieve continuous and controllable gas composition transition in the living cabin stage, and there are problems such as insufficient adaptation, large helium waste and inflexible gas supply mode. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a living cabin gas system for diving and a gas supply method thereof, which aims to solve the problems of single breathing gas composition, lack of deep water transition adjustment capability and insufficient adaptability of operating personnel in the existing living cabin gas system, and to achieve smooth switching from a compressed air environment to a helium-oxygen or helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas environment, thereby improving the safety, economy and system flexibility of gas adaptation in the early stage of deep diving operations.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0006] A gas system for a diving living cabin comprises a living cabin and a transition cabin, the living cabin is arranged in butt joint with the transition cabin, the living cabin is provided with a gas connecting plate, a gas supply unit, a pressure reduction pipeline and a gas analysis pipeline are connected to the gas connecting plate, the gas supply unit comprises a compressed air supply pipeline and a helium-oxygen supply pipeline which are connected in parallel, a plurality of compressed air cylinders are connected in parallel to the compressed air supply pipeline, a liquid oxygen Dewar flask and a helium cylinder are connected in parallel to the helium-oxygen supply pipeline, the outlet of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask is connected to the helium-oxygen supply pipeline through a first electromagnetic regulating valve, the outlet of the helium cylinder is connected to the helium-oxygen supply pipeline through a second electromagnetic regulating valve, the compressed air supply pipeline comprises a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe in the living cabin, the first branch pipe is used for cabin pressurization, the second branch pipe and the helium-oxygen supply pipeline are connected to an inlet end of a busbar, and a plurality of respirators are connected to an outlet end of the busbar.

[0007] Preferably, a third electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged on the first branch pipe, a fourth electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged on the helium-oxygen supply pipeline close to the inlet end of the busbar, and a fifth electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged on the second branch pipe.

[0008] Preferably, a sixth electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged on the pressure reduction pipeline in the living cabin.

[0009] Preferably, a three-way valve is arranged on the gas analysis pipeline in the living cabin, and the three-way valve is used for switching a first sampling pipe at a top end of the living cabin and a second sampling pipe at a bottom end of the living cabin.

[0010] Preferably, an oxygen outlet pipe is arranged on a top portion of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask, and a liquid oxygen communication pipe extends upward from a bottom portion of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask, the oxygen outlet pipe and the liquid oxygen communication pipe are communicated, and the liquid oxygen communication pipe is communicated with the helium-oxygen supply pipeline through the first electromagnetic regulating valve.

[0011] Preferably, a liquid oxygen heater is arranged on a lower side of the liquid oxygen communication pipe, the liquid oxygen heater, the first electromagnetic regulating valve, the second electromagnetic regulating valve and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve are connected to a controller, and the controller adjusts a heating power of the liquid oxygen heater and opening degrees of the first electromagnetic regulating valve, the second electromagnetic regulating valve and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve based on a working depth.

[0012] Preferably, the liquid oxygen heater adopts semiconductor refrigeration, the liquid oxygen heater is a hot end of semiconductor refrigeration, and a corresponding cold end of the liquid oxygen heater is arranged on the oxygen outlet pipe close to a junction of the liquid oxygen communication pipe.

[0013] Preferably, an oxygen supply branch pipe is arranged in the living cabin.

[0014] In another aspect, the application also discloses a gas supply method based on the above-mentioned living cabin gas system for diving, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1, when the working depth does not exceed a preset threshold, compressed air is filled into the living cabin, and the operator can choose whether to wear a breathing apparatus according to needs;

[0016] S2, when the working depth exceeds the preset threshold, the compressed air continues to be filled into the living cabin, and the operator wears a breathing apparatus, and breathes helium-oxygen or helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas with a proportion adjusted according to the current working depth;

[0017] S3, the proportions of oxygen, helium and nitrogen in the mixed gas are adjusted in real time according to the working depth, so that the partial pressures of the gases inhaled by the operator are within a safe range;

[0018] S4, after the operator adapts to the gas environment in the living cabin, the operator enters the diving bell through the transition cabin and performs underwater work.

[0019] Preferably, in the step S3, the proportion adjustment of the mixed gas is realized by controlling the heating power of the liquid oxygen heater and the opening degrees of the first electromagnetic regulating valve, the second electromagnetic regulating valve and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve, and the proportion adjustment of the mixed gas is automatically adjusted based on a preset working depth-gas proportion correspondence table.

[0020] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The application sets up a gas supply system composed of a compressed air supply pipeline and a helium-oxygen supply pipeline in parallel, so that the traditional compressed air environment in the living cabin can be maintained, and the helium-oxygen or helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas environment can be switched according to the working depth. In particular, when the working depth exceeds a set threshold, the breathing apparatus provides mixed gas with an accurate proportion, and the operator can gradually adapt to the new gas composition of the respiratory system, thereby significantly improving the safety of physiological transition before deep water work. The application still uses compressed air to maintain the living cabin environment at a low to moderate working depth, and switches to helium-oxygen or helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas only at the necessary stage, thereby significantly reducing the use amount of high-cost helium gas. In addition, helium gas is only used for the gas supply path of the breathing apparatus, thereby avoiding the waste of helium gas in the whole cabin, and realizing efficient use and cost control of helium gas resources from the perspective of system design.

[0022] (2) The helium-oxygen mixed gas source is constructed by liquid oxygen Dewar and helium cylinder, and is linked with the liquid oxygen heater through multiple electromagnetic regulating valves, and the controller is combined to adjust the oxygen and helium ratio in real time according to the working depth, so that the oxygen partial pressure control requirement at different depths can be met, and the dynamic adjustment demand of helium-nitrogen-oxygen ratio can be compatible. The system supports fine gas ratio adjustment, ensures the safety of breathing gas and strong adaptability, the automatic adjustment capability of the system ensures the stability, timeliness and accuracy of the gas supply process, and improves the reliability of the whole gas system. The design of the present application breaks through the technical bottleneck of fixed gas source and slow switching of the traditional saturation diving system, is suitable for shallow to medium deep water saturation diving operation scene of 20-300 meters, and also has the adaptability potential to deeper operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings that are not intended to be limiting of the embodiments, in which like references numbers refer to like elements, unless otherwise specified. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, the emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 The overall schematic diagram of the diving living cabin gas system according to the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0025] Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the liquid oxygen Dewar and helium cylinder according to the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0026] Figure 3 The gas supply method flowchart of the diving living cabin gas system according to the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0027] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a diving living cabin gas system according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a liquid oxygen Dewar and a helium cylinder according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 3 is a gas supply method flowchart of the diving living cabin gas system according to an embodiment of the present application; and Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a diving living cabin gas system according to another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] For the purpose of clarity, the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements can also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements can also be present. The term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The term "coupled" as used herein refers to any connection, whether direct or indirect, between otherwise associated items.

[0029] In addition, unless explicitly stated otherwise and / or limited by context, the terms "mount", "connected", "connecting", and "linking" should be construed broadly and can be one component on another, or one integral component, or it can be mechanical, or electrical, or it can be direct connection, or it can be indirect connection through intervening component, or it can be internal connection between components. All technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs unless clearly contradicted by context. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing the particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The use of the term "and / or" in the description of the application herein is intended to represent any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0030] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the application described below can be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1-2The embodiment provides a kind of living cabin gas system for diving, including living cabin 1, living cabin 1 is used for providing pressurized or decompression environment for operating personnel in water surface operation preparation and recovery after operation, and as temporary residence after entering diving bell or completing operation returns.Living cabin 1 is arranged with transition cabin 2, transition cabin 2 is the transfer structure for connecting living cabin 1 and diving bell, ensure pressure continuity and realize the safe movement of diver between different cabins.Living cabin 1 is provided with gas connection plate 3, gas connection plate 3 is used as unified gas path interface platform, for the connection and switching between external gas system and living cabin 1.Gas connection plate 3 is connected with gas supply unit 4, decompression pipeline 5 and gas analysis pipeline 6, gas supply unit 4 is used to provide pressurized gas and breathing gas for living cabin 1 and operating personnel, decompression pipeline 5 is used for decompression operation after operation, and gas analysis pipeline 6 is used to monitor the change of gas composition, concentration and partial pressure in cabin in real time, to ensure the safety of gas environment.

[0032] Gas supply unit 4 includes parallel compressed air supply pipeline 7 and helium-oxygen supply pipeline 8, and the compressed air supply pipeline 7 and the helium-oxygen supply pipeline 8 are respectively used as different gas source paths to flexibly switch the gas supply mode at different operating depths or stages.A plurality of parallel compressed air cylinders 9 are connected to the compressed air supply pipeline 7, and the compressed air cylinders 9 provide compressed air for cabin pressurization and breathing, which is suitable for shallow operating depth as breathing gas.The liquid oxygen dewar flask 10 and the helium cylinder 11 are connected in parallel to the helium-oxygen supply pipeline 8, and the liquid oxygen dewar flask 10 and the helium cylinder 11 are used together to prepare helium-oxygen mixed gas to meet the requirements of breathing gas density and oxygen partial pressure in deep water operation.

[0033] The outlet of the liquid oxygen dewar flask 10 is connected to the helium-oxygen supply pipeline 8 through a first electromagnetic regulating valve 12, and the first electromagnetic regulating valve 12 regulates the flow of gasified oxygen to ensure that the oxygen content in the mixed gas is appropriate.The outlet of the helium cylinder 11 is connected to the helium-oxygen supply pipeline 8 through a second electromagnetic regulating valve 13, and the second electromagnetic regulating valve 13 is used to adjust the input amount of helium to proportionally mix with oxygen to form breathing mixed gas that meets the requirements of different depths.

[0034] The compressed air supply pipeline 7 includes a first branch pipe 14 and a second branch pipe 15 in the living cabin 1, and the first branch pipe 14 directly sends compressed air into the cabin for adjusting the overall cabin pressure to adapt to the operating water depth.The second branch pipe 15 and the helium-oxygen supply pipeline 8 are connected to the inlet end of a flow distribution bar 16, and the second branch pipe 15 is used to participate in the preparation of helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas when the operator wears a breathing apparatus, and the function of the flow distribution bar 16 is to mix, distribute and uniformly output the gas from different gas sources.The outlet end of the flow distribution bar 16 is connected to a plurality of breathing apparatuses 17, and the breathing apparatuses 17 are worn by the operating personnel during the deep water adaptation stage to inhale helium-oxygen or helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas, ensuring that the breathing gas is safe, stable and controllable at different depths.

[0035] Specifically, the first branch pipe 14 is provided with a third electromagnetic regulating valve 18 for controlling the pressurized flow of compressed air into the living cabin 1, so that the cabin environment pressure can be flexibly adjusted according to the operation requirements, thereby providing a stable pressurized transition environment for the diver. The helium-oxygen supply pipeline 8 is provided with a fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 19 near the inlet end of the manifold 16, which is used to adjust the supply flow of helium-oxygen mixed gas into the manifold 16, to ensure that the operator obtains the breathing gas meeting the operation depth requirements through the breathing apparatus 17. The second branch pipe 15 is provided with a fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 20 for controlling the flow of compressed air into the manifold 16 to achieve proportional adjustment with the helium-oxygen mixed gas, thereby generating suitable helium-nitrogen-oxygen breathing gas in different water depth scenarios, and improving the flexibility and safety of the breathing system.

[0036] Further, the decompression pipeline 5 is provided with a sixth electromagnetic regulating valve 21 in the living cabin 1, which is used to control the exhaust speed of the gas in the decompression process, so as to achieve fine adjustment of the internal gas pressure of the living cabin 1 during decompression, avoiding physiological risks such as decompression sickness of the diver caused by too fast decompression. The gas analysis pipeline 6 is provided with a three-way valve 22 in the living cabin 1, which is used to switch the first sampling pipe 23 at the top and the second sampling pipe 24 at the bottom of the living cabin 1. By sampling and analyzing the gas components at different height positions in the cabin, the oxygen partial pressure, oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration and other key parameters in the cabin can be more comprehensively and accurately mastered, which can also provide adjustment basis for the gas regulation of the living cabin, and realize dynamic monitoring and closed-loop control of the gas environment in the living cabin 1.

[0037] In this embodiment, the top of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 10 is provided with an oxygen outlet pipe 101 for releasing gaseous oxygen formed by natural gasification in the bottle, and a liquid oxygen communication pipe 102 extending upward from the bottom for leading out liquid oxygen in the bottle for subsequent heating and gasification. The oxygen outlet pipe 101 and the liquid oxygen communication pipe 102 are connected to the helium-oxygen gas supply pipeline 8 through the first electromagnetic regulating valve 12, and the first electromagnetic regulating valve 12 controls the flow of gasified oxygen into the helium-oxygen gas supply pipeline 8, thereby participating in the formation of mixed gas with different component ratios. The lower side of the liquid oxygen communication pipe 102 is arranged with a liquid oxygen heater 103 for heating the liquid oxygen to promote its gasification. The first electromagnetic regulating valve 12, the second electromagnetic regulating valve 13 and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 20 are connected with the controller 25, which adjusts the heating power of the liquid oxygen heater 103 and the opening degree of the first electromagnetic regulating valve 12, the second electromagnetic regulating valve 13 and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 20 based on the working depth, and realizes precise control of the component ratio in the mixed gas by dynamically adjusting the flow of oxygen and helium or compressed air, to meet the requirements of divers at different depths for the partial pressure, safety and comfort of breathing gas.

[0038] In some embodiments, the liquid oxygen heater 103 adopts semiconductor refrigeration technology, which can realize fast response and precise temperature control of the liquid gas heating process, especially suitable for occasions with high requirements on oxygen gasification rate and temperature fluctuation control in deep water environment, with the advantages of fast response speed and high temperature control precision. The liquid oxygen heater 103 is the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration, which is used to heat the liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen communication pipe 102 to accelerate the gasification process. The corresponding cold end 104 of the liquid oxygen heater 103 is arranged on the oxygen outlet pipe 101 near the junction of the liquid oxygen communication pipe 102. The setting of the cold end 104 can form a local cooling area at the gasification outlet position, effectively inhibit the gaseous oxygen generated by heating from returning to the inside of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 10, avoid non-controlled gasification or abnormal internal pressure caused by temperature rise in the bottle, and at the same time reduce the local fluctuation and natural evaporation loss of the oxygen outlet section, improve the oxygen storage stability and the overall gas source utilization efficiency of the system. The cold end and the hot end are connected through a heat pipe, and the heat pipe structure can efficiently conduct cold energy, realize miniaturization and integration of the overall temperature control system, and at the same time improve the energy efficiency ratio of the gas conversion process and the long-term reliability of the system.

[0039] In addition, the helium-oxygen supply pipeline 8 is provided with an oxygen supply branch pipe 26 in the living cabin 1, the oxygen supply branch pipe 26 is led out from the helium-oxygen supply pipeline 8, at this time the helium-oxygen supply pipeline 8 only outputs oxygen, the oxygen supply branch pipe 26 extends to the designated area inside the living cabin 1, and is used for local oxygen compensation or specific oxygen supply in the cabin, for example, for emergency oxygen inhalation, oxygen compensation or adjusting the oxygen partial pressure in the cabin, etc. Through the oxygen supply branch pipe 26, fine regulation and control of oxygen supply can be realized without disturbing the main gas supply path, and the flexibility and safety of oxygen management in the living cabin 1 are improved.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 3 In another embodiment, the application also discloses a gas supply method based on the above-mentioned living cabin gas system for diving, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1, when the working depth does not exceed the preset threshold, compressed air is filled into the living cabin 1, and the operator can choose to wear a breathing apparatus 17 according to needs, the gas environment in the living cabin 1 is mainly supplied by the compressed air bottle 9 through the compressed air supply pipeline 7 and the first branch pipe 14 at this time, which meets the cabin pressure maintenance and normal breathing needs, if the operator chooses to wear the breathing apparatus 17, the compressed air is sent into the breathing apparatus 17 through the second branch pipe 15 and the busbar 16, realizing individual gas supply support;

[0042] S2, when the working depth exceeds the preset threshold, the compressed air is continuously filled into the living cabin 1 to maintain the environmental pressure, and the operator wears the breathing apparatus 17, inhales the helium-oxygen or helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas adjusted according to the current working depth, the mixed gas is output by the helium gas bottle 11 and the liquid oxygen Dewar bottle 10, and is adjusted by the second electromagnetic regulating valve 13, the first electromagnetic regulating valve 12 and the liquid oxygen heater 103, then is supplied into the busbar 16 through the helium-oxygen supply pipeline 8, and is finally supplied into the breathing apparatus 17;

[0043] S3, the proportion of oxygen, helium and nitrogen in the mixed gas is adjusted in real time according to the working depth, so that the partial pressure of each gas inhaled by the operator is in a safe range, the process is realized by adjusting the heating power of the liquid oxygen heater 103, the opening degree of the first electromagnetic regulating valve 12, the second electromagnetic regulating valve 13 and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 20, so as to ensure the stability of the oxygen partial pressure and avoid the risk of high pressure nervous syndrome or oxygen poisoning;

[0044] S4, after the operator adapts to the gas environment in the living cabin 1, the operator enters the diving bell through the transition cabin 2 to perform underwater work, realizes smooth transition from low-depth compressed air to high-depth helium-oxygen / helium-nitrogen-oxygen gas environment, and improves the safety and adaptability of saturation diving work.

[0045] In step S3, the liquid oxygen heater 103 heats the liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen communication pipe 102 to facilitate gasification, the first electromagnetic regulating valve 12 controls the oxygen flow after the oxygen outlet pipe 101 and the liquid oxygen communication pipe 102 are combined, the second electromagnetic regulating valve 13 controls the helium output of the helium cylinder 11, and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 20 controls the air supply amount of the second branch pipe 15 of the compressed air supply pipe 7. The three are cooperatively adjusted to realize the proportion control of oxygen, helium and nitrogen (provided by compressed air) in the mixed gas. The proportion adjustment of the mixed gas is automatically adjusted based on the preset working depth and gas proportion corresponding relationship table. The controller 25 automatically calls the matching parameters according to the current working depth, dynamically adjusts the gas composition, so that the air supply of the respirator 17 always maintains the oxygen partial pressure and total gas density within the physiological safety range at different depths, and improves the adaptability and safety of deep water operation.

[0046] In order to further improve the practicability and intelligent level of the present application, in other embodiments, the controller 25 can also be linked with various environmental sensors, electromagnetic valve groups and man-machine interaction devices arranged in the living cabin 1 to build a complete in-cabin gas environment closed-loop regulation system. The environmental sensors can include oxygen partial pressure sensors, carbon dioxide concentration sensors, temperature and humidity sensors and cabin pressure sensors, which can collect key gas parameters and environmental information inside the living cabin 1 in real time and in layers. The man-machine interaction device can adopt a touch screen, physical buttons or a remote terminal interface, for an operator to set target gas parameters, safety thresholds or operation modes. Based on the above information collection, the controller 25 can integrate the current environmental parameters in the cabin and the task parameters (such as the preset depth, the number of divers and the activity intensity), dynamically evaluate the change trend of the gas environment in the cabin, and automatically optimize the pressurization / depressurization rate, oxygen supply strategy and the mixing ratio of helium and compressed air in combination with the preset physiological safety curve, the relationship model between the operation depth and the gas composition in the database, to ensure that the gas composition and pressure change in the cabin are always within the physiological safety range. This intelligent regulation mechanism not only improves the self-adaptability of the system to complex working conditions, but also quickly switches to an emergency mode in case of an emergency, providing accurate and efficient life support for divers.

[0047] In addition, for the case that multiple workers are working in the cabin at the same time, the busbar 16 can also be a multi-channel output structure with independent channels and modular control capability. Each output channel is provided with an independent miniature pressure regulating valve and a flow monitoring module, which can realize accurate regulation of the gas composition and flow of different respirators 17. The system can automatically allocate differentiated gas composition and breathing load based on the differences in body weight, metabolic rate, work intensity or health status of individual workers, thereby enhancing the gas supply response sensitivity and overall stability of the system in a multi-station state, and significantly reducing the risk of respiratory discomfort or risk caused by individual differences.

[0048] In summary, the application discloses a kind of diving with living cabin gas system and its gas supply method, the system includes living cabin 1, transition cabin 2, gas supply unit 4, pressure reducing pipeline 5, gas analysis pipeline 6 and a plurality of electromagnetic regulating elements, by the parallel arrangement of compressed air supply pipeline 7 and helium-oxygen supply pipeline 8, in combination with liquid oxygen dewar 10, helium bottle 11, liquid oxygen heater 103, busbar 16 and the synergistic control of controller 25, realize the double-path precision control of living cabin 1 cabin pressure regulation and worker breathing supply.In the gas supply method, the system can supply gas to the cabin through compressed air supply pipeline 7 and first branch pipe 14 by compressed air bottle 9 when the working depth does not exceed the preset threshold, to meet the direct breathing needs of workers, if necessary, also can be connected to busbar 16 through second branch pipe 15 to supply to respirator 17;Under deep water conditions, liquid oxygen connecting pipe 102 is gasified by liquid oxygen heater 103, and the proportion of helium, oxygen and compressed air is adjusted by first electromagnetic regulating valve 12, second electromagnetic regulating valve 13 and fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 20, and helium-oxygen or helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas is formed into busbar 16 through helium-oxygen supply pipeline 8 to supply to respirator 17, to realize the precise control of mixed gas oxygen partial pressure and gas density.

[0049] The application breaks through the technical bottlenecks of fixed gas supply path, unadjustable ratio, and slow response in traditional saturation diving systems, and constructs a cabin gas support system with high safety, high intelligence and high efficiency, which can adapt to full-depth diving operations of 20-500 meters, especially suitable for deep sea operations, saturation diving, emergency rescue, underwater engineering and other complex operation environments, and has significant industry promoting significance and broad engineering application prospect.

[0050] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the application, but not limit it; under the idea of the application, the technical features in the above examples or different examples can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes of different aspects of the application as described above, which are not provided in details for simplicity; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement to part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application.

Claims

1. A diving living quarters air system, characterized in that, The system includes a living compartment (1) docked with a transition compartment (2). The living compartment (1) is equipped with a gas connection plate (3), which connects to a gas supply unit (4), a pressure reducing pipeline (5), and a gas analysis pipeline (6). The gas supply unit (4) includes a compressed air supply pipeline (7) and a helium-oxygen supply pipeline (8) connected in parallel. Multiple compressed air cylinders (9) are connected in parallel on the compressed air supply pipeline (7). A liquid oxygen Dewar flask (10) and a helium cylinder (11) are connected in parallel on the helium-oxygen supply pipeline (8). The outlet of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask (10) is connected to the helium-oxygen supply pipeline (8) through a first electromagnetic regulating valve (12). The outlet of the helium cylinder (11) is connected to the helium-oxygen supply pipeline (8) through a second electromagnetic regulating valve (13). The compressed air supply pipeline (7) includes a first branch pipe (14) and a second branch pipe (15) within the living compartment (1). The first branch pipe (14) is used for pressurization inside the chamber. The second branch pipe (15) and the helium-oxygen supply line (8) are connected to the inlet end of the manifold (16). The outlet end of the manifold (16) is connected to multiple respirators (17). The top of the liquid oxygen Dewar bottle (10) is provided with an oxygen outlet pipe (101), and the bottom extends upward to a liquid oxygen connecting pipe (102). After the oxygen outlet pipe (101) and the liquid oxygen connecting pipe (102) merge, they are connected to the helium-oxygen supply line (8) through the first electromagnetic regulating valve (12). A liquid oxygen heater (103) is arranged on the lower side of the liquid oxygen connecting pipe (102). The liquid oxygen heater (103) uses semiconductor refrigeration. The liquid oxygen heater (103) is the hot end of the semiconductor refrigeration. The cold end (104) corresponding to the liquid oxygen heater (103) is arranged on the oxygen outlet pipe (101) and close to the junction with the liquid oxygen connecting pipe (102). The gas supply steps of the diving living chamber gas system are as follows: S1, when the working depth does not exceed the preset threshold, compressed air is filled into the living chamber (1), and the operator can choose whether to wear a breathing apparatus (17) as needed; S2, when the working depth exceeds the preset threshold, compressed air continues to be filled into the living chamber (1), and the operator wears a breathing apparatus (17) and breathes a helium-oxygen or helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas with a ratio adjusted according to the current working depth; S3, the ratio of oxygen, helium and nitrogen in the mixed gas is adjusted in real time according to the working depth to ensure that the partial pressure of each gas inhaled by the operator is within a safe range; S4, after the operator adapts to the gas environment in the living chamber (1), he enters the diving bell through the transition chamber (2) to carry out underwater operations.

2. The underwater living quarters air system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first branch pipe (14) is equipped with a third electromagnetic regulating valve (18), the helium-oxygen supply pipeline (8) is equipped with a fourth electromagnetic regulating valve (19) near the inlet end of the manifold (16), and the second branch pipe (15) is equipped with a fifth electromagnetic regulating valve (20).

3. The underwater living quarters air system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure-reducing pipeline (5) is equipped with a sixth electromagnetic regulating valve (21) inside the living quarters (1).

4. The underwater living quarters air system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas analysis pipeline (6) is equipped with a three-way valve (22) in the living quarters (1). The three-way valve (22) is used to switch between the first sampling tube (23) at the top of the living quarters (1) and the second sampling tube (24) at the bottom.

5. The underwater living quarters air system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The liquid oxygen heater (103), the first electromagnetic regulating valve (12), the second electromagnetic regulating valve (13) and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve (20) are all connected to the controller (25). The controller (25) adjusts the heating power of the liquid oxygen heater (103) and the opening degree of the first electromagnetic regulating valve (12), the second electromagnetic regulating valve (13) and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve (20) based on the working depth.

6. The underwater living quarters air system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The helium-oxygen supply pipeline (8) has an oxygen supply branch pipe (26) installed in the living quarters (1).

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