A method and system for cooling a marine vessel

Abstract

The application provides a ship cooling method and system, and belongs to the technical field of ship power, and comprises the following steps: obtaining initial temperature data of a target cooling device; performing outlier rejection, interpolation and smoothing processing on the initial temperature data to obtain processed temperature data; controlling a cold storage device arranged in parallel in a pipeline upstream of the target cooling device according to the processed temperature data; when the temperature of the target cooling device exceeds a preset temperature range, adjusting the temperature of the cooling medium through the cold storage device to maintain the temperature of the target cooling device within the preset temperature range; and adopting a cooling plate structure designed through topology optimization at the position of the target cooling device to adjust the flow path of the cooling medium and control the pressure drop of the inlet and outlet of the cooling plate structure within a preset range, so that the temperature peak does not exceed a preset temperature threshold. The application realizes precise temperature control and efficient heat dissipation of the ship cooling device through intelligent temperature regulation and a topology-optimized cooling structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine propulsion technology, and in particular to a marine cooling method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Central cooling systems on ships, as a critical component of power equipment thermal management, generally employ a two-stage seawater-freshwater heat exchange architecture, dissipating heat centrally through a central cooler. However, existing technologies have the following limitations: traditional systems rely on a single control console to centrally regulate the dispersed cooling users across the ship, leading to delays in temperature signal transmission, complex sensor wiring, and low safety margins. If the control console malfunctions, the entire ship's central cooling system will be affected, resulting in temperature control failure. Furthermore, the heat exchangers at the cooling user end often employ a fixed flow channel design, making it difficult to adapt to dynamic heat load changes and prone to localized overheating or excessive pressure drop. More critically, existing central cooling systems lack cold storage devices, thus failing to promptly suppress sudden thermal shocks. The root cause of these problems lies in the lack of coordinated optimization of real-time temperature data, precise cold storage regulation, and flow channel adaptability in existing technologies, resulting in poor accuracy and efficiency in ship heat dissipation.

[0003] Therefore, improving the precision and efficiency of heat dissipation in ships has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a ship cooling method, system, electronic device, and storage medium to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and achieve precise temperature control and efficient heat dissipation of ship cooling equipment.

[0005] This invention provides a ship cooling method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Acquire the initial temperature data of the target cooling device;

[0007] The initial temperature data is subjected to outlier removal, interpolation, and smoothing to obtain the processed temperature data.

[0008] Based on the processed temperature data, the cold storage device connected in parallel in the upstream pipeline of the target cooling equipment is controlled. When the temperature of the target cooling equipment exceeds the preset temperature range, the temperature of the cooling medium is adjusted by the cold storage device so that the temperature of the target cooling equipment is maintained within the preset temperature range.

[0009] A cooling plate structure designed with topology optimization is used at the location of the target cooling equipment to adjust the flow path of the cooling medium and control the inlet and outlet pressure drop of the cooling plate structure within a preset range so that the temperature peak does not exceed the preset temperature threshold.

[0010] According to a ship cooling method provided by the present invention, the step of acquiring the initial temperature data of the target cooling device includes:

[0011] A temperature sensing device is installed in the piping of the ship's central cooling system. The temperature sensing device obtains the required energy through at least one of thermoelectric power generation, flexible piezoelectric sheet power generation, micro-turbine power generation, or nano-triboelectric power generation.

[0012] The initial temperature data of the target cooling equipment is collected using the temperature sensing device.

[0013] According to a ship cooling method provided by the present invention, the step of acquiring the initial temperature data of the target cooling device further includes:

[0014] When it is not suitable to directly install the temperature sensing device in the pipeline of the ship's central cooling system, an outer wall temperature sensor is installed on the outer wall of the pipeline corresponding to the target position, and the outer wall temperature data is collected through the outer wall temperature sensor.

[0015] Based on the external wall temperature data and the convective heat transfer boundary conditions of the fluid in the pipeline, a heat transfer equation and corresponding initial conditions are established.

[0016] Based on the temperature parameters to be inverted and the measured temperature data of the outer wall, an objective function is constructed, and the process of correcting and solving the heat transfer equation is transformed into a process of minimizing the objective function; wherein the objective function accumulates the square of the temperature difference between the temperature parameters to be inverted and the measured temperature data of the outer wall at different time steps and measuring points.

[0017] The objective function is iteratively optimized and solved using the conjugate gradient method. In each iteration, the heat transfer equation is discretized using finite element or finite volume methods, and the inversion parameters are updated until the preset convergence condition is met.

[0018] After the conjugate gradient method iteration is completed, the final inversion temperature data is compared with the actual temperature at the target location. If the comparison deviation meets the preset accuracy requirements, the inversion temperature data is used as the initial temperature data.

[0019] According to a ship cooling method provided by the present invention, the cold storage device is a magnetic cold storage unit connected in parallel to the upstream pipeline of the target cooling equipment. The magnetic cold storage unit is filled with magnetic refrigeration material and placed in a magnetic field environment formed by an electromagnet. When the temperature of the target cooling equipment exceeds a preset temperature range, the temperature of the cooling medium is regulated by the cold storage device, including:

[0020] When it is determined that the temperature of the target cooling device is greater than the preset temperature range, the current of the electromagnet is reduced to reduce the magnetic field strength, thereby lowering the temperature of the magnetic cooling material and reducing the inlet temperature of the cooling medium.

[0021] When the temperature of the target cooling device is determined to be less than the preset temperature range, the current of the electromagnet is increased to enhance the magnetic field strength, thereby raising the temperature of the magnetic cooling material and increasing the inlet temperature of the cooling medium.

[0022] According to a ship cooling method provided by the present invention, the method involves employing a cooling plate structure designed through topology optimization at the target cooling equipment location, adjusting the flow path of the cooling medium, and controlling the inlet and outlet pressure drop of the cooling plate structure within a preset range so that the temperature peak does not exceed a preset temperature threshold. The method includes:

[0023] The cooling plate structure is optimized with the goal of minimizing the maximum temperature of the cooling plate structure and with the constraint that the pressure drop of the cooling medium does not exceed the head of the cooling water pump.

[0024] An extension section is provided in the inlet and outlet area of ​​the cooling plate structure to divide the inlet and outlet area into multiple main channels and several branch channels. The length of the extension section is an integer multiple of the feature size of a single fin.

[0025] A gridded streamlined fit is adopted in the central region of the cooling plate structure to eliminate local hot spots based on the flow direction of the cooling medium;

[0026] By optimizing the cooling plate structure through topology design, the flow path distribution of the cooling medium is adjusted to make the temperature peak distribution uniform and control it within the preset temperature threshold.

[0027] According to a ship cooling method provided by the present invention, the step of performing outlier removal, interpolation, and smoothing on the initial temperature data to obtain processed temperature data includes:

[0028] The temperature data is compared according to a pre-set anomaly detection criterion, and temperature data exceeding the threshold of the anomaly detection criterion are marked as anomalies and removed from the data sequence.

[0029] For missing parts in the removed data sequence, an interpolation algorithm is used to fill in the missing data. The interpolation algorithm includes polynomial interpolation or piecewise linear interpolation.

[0030] The interpolated data sequence is smoothed using filtering or curve fitting methods to obtain the processed temperature data.

[0031] The present invention also provides a ship cooling system, comprising the following modules:

[0032] The first processing module is used to acquire the initial temperature data of the target cooling device;

[0033] The second processing module is used to perform outlier removal, interpolation, and smoothing on the initial temperature data to obtain the processed temperature data.

[0034] The third processing module is used to control the cold storage device connected in parallel in the upstream pipeline of the target cooling equipment according to the processed temperature data. When the temperature of the target cooling equipment exceeds the preset temperature range, the cold storage device is used to adjust the temperature of the cooling medium so that the temperature of the target cooling equipment is maintained within the preset temperature range.

[0035] The fourth processing module is used to adjust the flow path of the cooling medium by using a topology-optimized cooling plate structure at the target cooling equipment location, and to control the inlet and outlet pressure drop of the cooling plate structure within a preset range so that the temperature peak does not exceed a preset temperature threshold.

[0036] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement any of the ship cooling methods described above.

[0037] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the ship cooling method as described above.

[0038] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements any of the ship cooling methods described above.

[0039] In summary, one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0040] By acquiring the initial temperature data of the target cooling equipment, the current thermal state of the equipment can be monitored in real time, providing an accurate input basis for subsequent adjustment strategies. Furthermore, outlier removal, interpolation, and smoothing are performed on the initial temperature data to obtain more continuous and stable processed temperature data, avoiding control misjudgments due to measurement errors or data fluctuations. Based on this, a cold storage device connected in parallel upstream of the target cooling equipment is controlled according to the processed temperature data. When the temperature of the target cooling equipment exceeds the preset temperature range, the temperature of the cooling medium is adjusted promptly through the cold storage device, thereby achieving rapid local temperature response regulation and ensuring that the temperature of the target equipment is always maintained within the ideal operating range. Simultaneously, a cooling plate structure with topology optimization is used at the target cooling equipment location to effectively guide the flow path of the cooling medium and enhance heat exchange efficiency. The structural design controls the pressure drop at the inlet and outlet of the cooling plate within a preset range, ensuring that the temperature peak in the cooling area does not exceed the preset temperature threshold while guaranteeing the hydraulic performance of the system. This achieves precise temperature control and efficient heat dissipation for the ship's cooling equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the ship cooling method provided by the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a tube-to-inside-outside temperature difference power generation structure provided by the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a flexible piezoelectric sheet power generation structure provided by the present invention.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a micro turbine power generation system provided by the present invention.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a nano-triboelectric power generation structure provided by the present invention.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetic cold accumulator provided by the present invention.

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a phase change cold storage device provided by the present invention.

[0049] Figure 8This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a thermoelectric cooler provided by the present invention.

[0050] Figure 9 This is the second schematic diagram of a thermoelectric cooler provided by the present invention.

[0051] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a three-way drainage structure provided by the present invention.

[0052] Figure 11 This is a structural schematic diagram of the ship cooling system provided by the present invention.

[0053] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0055] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. The terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this invention are used to distinguish similar objects, not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class, without limiting the number of objects; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0057] The following is combined with Figures 1-12 This invention describes the ship cooling method, system, electronic equipment, and storage medium provided by the present invention.

[0058] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic flowcharts of the ship cooling method provided by the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, including but not limited to the following steps:

[0059] Step 101: Obtain the initial temperature data of the target cooling device.

[0060] In this embodiment, the purpose of step 101 is to obtain the initial temperature data of the target cooling device, so as to provide accurate and reliable basic information for subsequent temperature data processing and cooling control. The following embodiments will describe in detail the specific method for obtaining the initial temperature data of the target cooling device.

[0061] In one possible implementation, step 101 specifically includes the following steps:

[0062] Step 201: Install a temperature sensing device in the piping of the ship's central cooling system. The temperature sensing device obtains the required energy through at least one of thermoelectric power generation, flexible piezoelectric sheet power generation, micro-turbine power generation, or nano-triboelectric power generation.

[0063] Step 202: Collect initial temperature data of the target cooling equipment using a temperature sensing device.

[0064] In this embodiment, step 201 mainly addresses the problems of high humidity, limited space, and complex wiring faced when arranging temperature sensing devices in the piping of the ship's central cooling system. In order to reduce the dependence on traditional power lines or batteries, the temperature sensing device obtains the required energy through at least one of thermoelectric power generation, flexible piezoelectric sheet power generation, micro-turbine power generation, or nano-triboelectric power generation.

[0065] Specifically, power generation based on the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the pipe can be referred to... Figure 2 , Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a thermoelectric power generation system provided by the present invention. Addressing situations where space is limited at some measurement locations, making it difficult to supply power via a shared power source, the system utilizes the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the pipe to provide self-power for sensors and signal amplification devices. The thermoelectric power generation module consists of P-type and N-type thermoelectric arms, a substrate, etc., and is positioned downstream of the user's heat exchanger. It generates partial energy using the temperature difference (≥30℃) between the inside and outside of the heat exchanger outlet pipe. After being stored and converted by the power system, this energy is used by the signal amplification device to amplify the raw signals transmitted from the temperature sensors and other components, and then transmitted to the acquisition board.

[0066] Flexible piezoelectric power generation can be referenced Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a flexible piezoelectric sheet power generation structure provided by the present invention. For sections with small temperature differences and relatively straight pipelines, an eddy current generator is placed downstream of the sensor to generate periodic eddies, causing periodic changes in the velocity and direction of the downstream flow field. A piezoelectric sheet is placed not far downstream of the eddy current generator, and the periodic oscillation of the piezoelectric sheet generates periodically changing electrical energy. After conversion by the power management module, this energy provides the necessary power to the sensor and signal amplification device.

[0067] For micro-turbine power generation, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a micro turbine power generation system provided by the present invention. Since the central cooling system adopts a zoned water supply method, and the required freshwater pump head varies for each cooling user, in order to meet the safe cooling needs of each user, there will inevitably be excessive head at some cooling user locations. For locations where it is inconvenient to arrange power wiring, a micro turbine can be installed at these locations. The incoming flow drives the blades to rotate and generate electricity, which is then transmitted to the power management module to power the sensors and signal amplification devices.

[0068] Nano-triboelectric power generation can be referenced Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a nano-triboelectric power generation structure provided by the present invention. For sections with small temperature differences and relatively straight pipelines, an eddy current generator is placed downstream of the sensor to generate periodic eddies, causing periodic changes in the velocity and direction of the downstream flow field. A nano-triboelectric power generation module is placed not far downstream of the eddy current generator, consisting of a thrust structure, insulating coating, metal electrode 1, and metal electrode 2. The thrust structure is located inside the pipe and moves periodically along the flow direction under the action of the periodic eddies, driving the metal electrode 2 to move periodically. Metal electrode 1 remains fixed, thus generating electricity through friction between metal electrode 1 and metal electrode 2. After passing through a power management module, this electricity powers the sensor and signal amplification device.

[0069] In this embodiment, micro-turbine power generation and piezoelectric plate oscillation power generation within the heat exchanger can also be employed. The principle of micro-turbine power generation is the same as that of micro-turbine power generation, but the micro-turbine is placed at the edges of the inlet cavity within the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. This location easily generates periodic eddies. By arranging blades, eddy current energy can be utilized to generate electricity, while the intensity of the eddies is reduced, resulting in a more uniform flow field within the heat exchanger and enhanced heat transfer. The principle of piezoelectric plate oscillation power generation within the heat exchanger is the same as that of flexible piezoelectric plate power generation.

[0070] After the self-powered temperature sensing device is deployed in step 201, step 202 uses this temperature sensing device to directly collect the initial temperature data of the target cooling equipment and transmits the collected temperature information to the subsequent data processing module. Through this real-time or timed acquisition method, the system can obtain more representative temperature distribution information within the pipeline of the ship's central cooling system, and use this as a basis for subsequent judgment of equipment operating status, execution of anomaly detection, and adjustment of cooling strategies.

[0071] However, in some scenarios, the piping environment of a ship's central cooling system does not allow for the direct placement of temperature sensors, such as when the piping structure is too complex, there are highly corrosive media present, or the sensors cannot operate stably in high-flow-rate areas. Therefore, this embodiment also considers another possible implementation method, and step 101 specifically includes the following steps:

[0072] Step 301: When it is not suitable to directly install temperature sensing devices in the pipes of the ship's central cooling system, install an outer wall temperature sensor on the outer wall of the pipe corresponding to the target location, and collect the outer wall temperature data through the outer wall temperature sensor.

[0073] In this embodiment, step 301 is designed to address situations where the internal space of the ship's central cooling system is confined, the temperature is too high, or the flow rate is extremely complex, making it impossible to directly install a temperature sensor inside the pipes. By installing an external wall temperature sensor on the outer wall of the pipe corresponding to the target location, the limitations of the harsh internal environment can be bypassed, achieving effective monitoring of the target cooling equipment temperature with lower modification costs and a simpler arrangement. Since the outer wall surface usually has a relatively flat or fixable surface area, when installing the external wall temperature sensor here, only the external environmental conditions need to be considered, greatly reducing the possibility of the sensor being impacted or corroded by the internal fluid.

[0074] After deploying the aforementioned external wall temperature sensor, the system uses this sensor to collect external wall temperature data, including the external wall boundary temperature and the external wall fluid temperature. By recording temperature changes on the external wall near the target location, crucial information reflecting the heat transfer status inside the pipeline can be obtained. Although the external wall temperature and the pipe temperature are not directly identical, as long as the convective heat transfer boundary conditions and the heat transfer characteristics between the external wall and the internal fluid are clearly defined, methods such as boundary inversion can be used to infer the actual temperature distribution of the target cooling equipment inside the pipeline. Therefore, the entire temperature measurement process is not hindered by the inability to directly deploy temperature sensors inside the pipeline; on the contrary, by analyzing the external wall temperature data, more flexible technical means are provided for subsequent inversion solutions, temperature anomaly detection, and control strategies for the cold storage device.

[0075] Step 302: Based on the external wall temperature data and the convective heat transfer boundary conditions of the fluid in the pipeline, establish the heat transfer equation and the corresponding initial conditions.

[0076] In this embodiment, step 302 is used to further deduce the fluid temperature inside the pipe in a scenario where only the temperature data of the outer wall of the pipe at the target location can be obtained. Since the temperature data of the outer wall cannot directly reflect the temperature inside the pipe, and is limited by the complex structure of the ship's central cooling system, the drastic changes in the internal fluid velocity, and the influence of multiple boundary conditions on the heat conduction path, it is necessary to establish a heat transfer equation describing the heat exchange relationship between the outer wall and the fluid inside the pipe, as well as corresponding initial and boundary conditions, based on the theory of heat conduction and convection, to support the subsequent inversion calculation.

[0077] Specifically, the system first establishes a heat transfer equation based on the principle of energy conservation to describe the heat transfer process between the outer and inner walls of the pipe at the target location. The heat transfer equation used is a two-dimensional unsteady-state heat conduction governing equation, and its basic form is:

[0078] ;

[0079] To make the equation solvable, heat exchange conditions at the upper and lower boundaries are further introduced as boundary constraints into the model. At the inner wall boundary (near the cooling fluid side), the convective heat transfer condition is set as follows:

[0080] ;

[0081] At the boundary of the outer wall (near the air side of the compartment), there are:

[0082] ;

[0083] in, Indicates density, Indicates specific heat capacity. Represents the second-order partial derivative. Indicates thermal conductivity. Indicates temperature. Indicates the boundary temperature of the inner wall surface. Indicates the fluid temperature on the inner wall surface. This represents the heat transfer coefficient of the convective heat transfer surface. Indicates the boundary temperature of the outer wall surface. This indicates the temperature of the fluid on the outer wall surface.

[0084] In addition, initial conditions for the heat transfer equation need to be set. Typically, the temperature distribution in the entire solid region at the initial moment is set to a known value or the temperature distribution value at the previous moment, in order to meet the requirements of thermal stability or transient transition in actual working conditions.

[0085] The construction of the heat transfer equations not only provides a physical model basis for the subsequent inversion of the objective function, but also ensures that the temperature change trend and absolute value inside the pipe can still be accurately deduced under different thermal boundary conditions. This compensates for the monitoring gap caused by the inability to directly obtain the temperature inside the pipe, and improves the accuracy and robustness of temperature estimation.

[0086] Step 303: Based on the temperature parameters to be inverted and the measured temperature data of the outer wall, construct the objective function, and transform the process of correcting the heat transfer equation into the process of minimizing the objective function; wherein the objective function accumulates the square of the temperature difference between the temperature parameters to be inverted and the measured temperature data of the outer wall at different time steps and measuring points.

[0087] In this embodiment, step 303 is used to inversely calculate the internal temperature of the target cooling device after constructing the heat transfer equation. Since the heat transfer equation and boundary conditions established in the preceding step 302 do not directly give the internal temperature distribution to be solved, and only the outer wall temperature data can be obtained in actual measurements, it is necessary to construct an objective function and introduce an optimization solution process to combine the measured boundary data with the theoretical model to inversely deduce the temperature distribution inside the pipeline.

[0088] Specifically, firstly, based on the measured temperature data obtained from the external wall surface temperature sensors deployed in step 301, and the heat transfer equation constructed in step 302, the temperature parameters to be inverted are set in the model. Here, R represents the parameter to be inverted, such as heat source intensity, inner wall boundary temperature, or fluid convective heat transfer coefficient. To quantify the difference between the parameter to be inverted and the actual measured data, an objective function J(R) is constructed. The objective function is used to evaluate the fitting error between the simulated temperature and the measured temperature corresponding to different inversion parameters. The specific expression is as follows:

[0089] ;

[0090] in, The parameters to be inverted, The temperature parameters to be retrieved are... To measure temperature parameters, Indicates the number of measurement points. Indicates the number of time steps.

[0091] The purpose of constructing this objective function is to incorporate multi-point, multi-time measurement results into a unified error evaluation framework. This allows for the iterative correction of the parameter R to be inverted through numerical optimization methods until the objective function value is minimized, indicating a high degree of consistency between the simulation results and the measured data. Essentially, this process transforms the problem of inferring internal temperature, which is unsuitable for direct measurement, into an optimization problem, enabling the measurement information to be utilized to the maximum extent possible under the constraints of the physical model.

[0092] By constructing this objective function, temperature inversion can be achieved not only in scenarios where direct temperature measurement inside the tube is lacking, but also robustness can be improved by least squares fitting when existing measurement data has fluctuations or noise. Ultimately, it provides a clear optimization objective for numerical solution methods such as the conjugate gradient method, laying the foundation for the accuracy and convergence efficiency of temperature inversion.

[0093] Step 304: Use the conjugate gradient method to iteratively optimize and solve the objective function. In each iteration, the heat transfer equation is discretized using finite element or finite volume methods, and the inversion parameters are updated until the preset convergence conditions are met.

[0094] In this embodiment, step 304 is used to minimize the objective function constructed in step 303 to obtain the internal temperature inversion result that meets the physical constraints and closely matches the measured temperature of the outer wall. Since the objective function involves the accumulation of data differences from multiple measurement points and at multiple time points, its minimization process is a nonlinear, high-dimensional optimization problem. Direct solution is not only computationally expensive but also prone to getting trapped in local minima. Therefore, to improve inversion accuracy and iteration efficiency, this embodiment uses the conjugate gradient method to optimize the objective function, and in each iteration, combines the heat transfer equation established in step 302 for finite element or finite volume discretization to achieve a dynamic closed loop of parameter updates and temperature field reconstruction.

[0095] Specifically, in each iteration, the inversion parameters of the current round are first used as the basis. Temperature field distribution is generated using the heat transfer equation. Then compare it with the measured temperature recorded by the external wall surface temperature sensor. Perform error comparisons and calculate the objective function accordingly. The value of and its relation to the parameter The partial derivatives of are then used to update the search direction using the following conjugate gradient method formula:

[0096] ;

[0097] in, Indicates the search direction in the h-th iteration. The conjugate coefficients are calculated from the ratio of the gradient norms of the two rounds to ensure the mathematical orthogonality of the search directions and accelerate convergence. Next, new inversion parameters are determined based on the search direction and step size. Then, it is substituted into the heat transfer equation to generate a new temperature field distribution, and the process begins the next iteration.

[0098] To ensure computational stability and engineering practicality during the aforementioned iterative process, preset convergence conditions must be set. For example, the solution process should terminate when the change in the objective function is lower than a specified threshold for two consecutive iterations, or when the maximum number of iterations reaches a limit. The temperature distribution corresponding to the final output inversion parameters can be regarded as the estimated temperature value at the target location within the pipeline.

[0099] By employing the conjugate gradient method for optimization, the computational efficiency of minimizing the objective function is significantly improved, and the algorithm's adaptability to complex heat conduction problems in high-dimensional spaces is enhanced. Combined with finite element or finite volume discretization methods, high-precision temperature field inversion can be achieved under limited computational resources.

[0100] Step 305: After the conjugate gradient method iteration is completed, the final inverted temperature data is compared with the actual temperature at the target location. If the comparison deviation meets the preset accuracy requirements, the inverted temperature data is used as the initial temperature data.

[0101] In this embodiment, step 305 aims to verify the inverted temperature data obtained through iterative optimization using the conjugate gradient method in step 304, to ensure that it accurately represents the actual temperature at the location of the target cooling device. Since the aforementioned inversion process is driven by both a theoretical model and measured temperature data of the outer wall surface, there is still a possibility of error accumulation or parameter estimation bias. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a comparison process based on actual measurement data before finally determining the inversion result as the initial temperature data, in order to improve the reliability of the temperature data and the overall stability of the system.

[0102] Specifically, after completing the iterative solution to minimize the objective function, the system uses the final retrieved temperature data as candidate initial temperature data, and further compares it with the actual temperature data collected at the target location during certain controllable time periods. The actual temperature data can originate from temporary sensor measurements under special deployment conditions during the system testing phase, or be obtained through short-term, precisely deployed reference sensors. Based on the correspondence between the two sets of data in spatial location and time, the system calculates error indicators such as root mean square error (RMSE), maximum deviation value, or relative error ratio, and compares this error with a preset accuracy tolerance threshold.

[0103] When the comparison results show that the deviation between the retrieved temperature data and the actual temperature data is less than the preset accuracy requirement, the system confirms that the retrieved temperature data has sufficient accuracy for engineering applications and can be used as the initial temperature data for the target cooling equipment in subsequent data processing. If the deviation exceeds the allowable range, the system will trigger the reconstruction of the objective function, adjustment of boundary condition parameters, or restart of the iterative solution process until the inversion result meets the accuracy standard.

[0104] Step 102: Perform outlier removal, interpolation, and smoothing on the initial temperature data to obtain the processed temperature data.

[0105] In this embodiment, the purpose of step 102 is to optimize the initial temperature data of the acquired target cooling equipment to obtain continuous, smooth, and more accurate processed temperature data that reflects the actual operating conditions. Because the actual temperature data acquisition process may be limited by factors such as sensor accuracy, electromagnetic interference, communication packet loss, or local operating condition fluctuations, the raw temperature data often contains outliers, missing data, or abrupt noise. If directly used for subsequent temperature regulation and control or cooling structure optimization, it may lead to misjudgments or unstable control responses, thereby affecting the operational safety of the ship's central cooling system. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically remove outliers, perform interpolation repair, and smooth curve processing on the initial temperature data to improve the overall effectiveness and stability of the temperature data.

[0106] In one possible implementation, step 102 specifically includes the following steps:

[0107] Step 401: Compare the temperature data according to the pre-set anomaly detection criteria, mark the temperature data that exceeds the threshold of the anomaly detection criteria as anomalies, and remove them from the data sequence.

[0108] Step 402: For the missing parts in the removed data sequence, use an interpolation algorithm to fill in the missing data. The interpolation algorithm includes polynomial interpolation or piecewise linear interpolation.

[0109] Step 403: Smooth the interpolated data sequence using filtering or curve fitting to obtain the processed temperature data.

[0110] In practice, the system first identifies outliers in the initial temperature data based on pre-defined anomaly detection criteria. These criteria can be based on statistical rules (such as the three-standard-deviation method), sliding window rate of change, or comparison with historical data to mark temperature points exceeding a threshold range. Data points marked as outliers are removed from the data sequence, thus preventing subsequent analysis from being affected by extreme values.

[0111] Next, for any missing time periods or measurement points in the temperature data sequence after outlier removal, the system applies interpolation algorithms to complete the data. The interpolation algorithm used can be flexibly selected based on the data distribution characteristics and computational complexity; commonly used methods include polynomial interpolation and piecewise linear interpolation. During the interpolation process, the system calculates estimated values ​​for the interpolation positions based on surrounding valid data points to restore the temperature trend of the missing segments and maintain the continuity of the data sequence.

[0112] After interpolation, to further reduce local fluctuations, eliminate high-frequency noise, and enhance trend recognition capabilities, the system performs smoothing on the repaired temperature data. Methods such as moving average filtering, exponentially weighted moving average, or multinomial regression based on curve fitting can be used to convert the collected temperature data into a continuous curve with higher trend consistency over time. The processed temperature data not only preserves the overall trend of the original temperature changes but also effectively suppresses irregular fluctuations caused by measurement errors or short-term disturbances, thereby significantly improving data usability and its support for control logic.

[0113] Through the integrated data processing flow of outlier removal, interpolation repair, and smoothing, the system can obtain more stable and reliable target cooling equipment temperature input values, ensuring that subsequent response control of the cold storage device and dynamic adjustment of the cooling plate structure have an accurate temperature sensing basis, effectively improving the robustness and automation level of the ship's intelligent cooling system.

[0114] Step 103: Based on the processed temperature data, control the cold storage device installed in parallel in the upstream pipeline of the target cooling equipment. When the temperature of the target cooling equipment exceeds the preset temperature range, the temperature of the cooling medium is adjusted through the cold storage device to keep the temperature of the target cooling equipment within the preset temperature range.

[0115] In this embodiment, step 103 aims to dynamically control the cold storage device, which is connected in parallel to the upstream pipeline of the target cooling equipment in the ship's central cooling system, based on the temperature data after outlier removal, interpolation, and smoothing, to achieve real-time adjustment of the operating temperature of the target cooling equipment. Since the cooling load of a ship varies significantly under different navigation conditions, if the temperature adjustment response is delayed or inappropriate, it can easily lead to a decrease in the operating efficiency of critical cooling equipment or even overheating and damage. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately determine the current thermal state of the target cooling equipment based on the processed, highly reliable temperature data, and adjust the operating state of the cold storage device accordingly to ensure that the temperature of the target cooling equipment remains stable within a preset temperature range.

[0116] In one possible implementation, the cold storage device is a magnetic cold storage unit connected in parallel to the upstream pipeline of the target cooling equipment. The magnetic cold storage unit is filled with magnetic refrigeration material and placed in a magnetic field environment formed by an electromagnet; step 103 specifically includes the following steps:

[0117] Step 501: When it is determined that the temperature of the target cooling equipment is greater than the preset temperature range, reduce the electromagnet current to reduce the magnetic field strength, thereby lowering the temperature of the magnetic cooling material and reducing the inlet temperature of the cooling medium.

[0118] Step 502: When it is determined that the temperature of the target cooling equipment is less than the preset temperature range, the electromagnet current is increased to enhance the magnetic field strength, thereby raising the temperature of the magnetic cooling material and increasing the inlet temperature of the cooling medium.

[0119] In this embodiment, steps 501 and 502 are used to achieve dynamic control of the magnetic cold storage to adapt to the changes in cooling demand of temperature-sensitive cooling users when the heat dissipation load fluctuates rapidly, especially to suppress the impact of short-term thermal shock on the stability of the cooling system.

[0120] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a magnetic cold accumulator provided by the present invention. The magnetic cold accumulator is installed in the cooling pipeline upstream of a temperature-sensitive cooling user and adopts a parallel arrangement structure. This parallel channel includes a conventional valve branch channel and a magnetic cold accumulator branch channel. The magnetic cold accumulator has a cylindrical structure and is filled with room-temperature magnetic refrigeration material, such as gadolinium (Gd), germanium (Ge), LaFeSi alloy, etc. Heat exchange pipes are interspersed between the materials, and the cooling medium flows through the pipes; the entire module is placed in the magnetic field environment formed by a controllable electromagnet. Under stable system operation, the valve branch is the main flow path, and the cold accumulator branch maintains a low-flow bypass state. At this time, the electromagnet current remains constant, the magnetic field is stable, and the magnetic refrigeration material maintains an isothermal state, minimizing the impact on system temperature control.

[0121] In step 501, when the system detects that the operating temperature of the target cooling equipment exceeds the upper limit of the preset temperature range, or identifies a short-term rapid increase in heat dissipation from the cooling user, it indicates that the current cooling capacity is insufficient to cover the sudden increase in heat load. At this time, the system closes the valve branch and instead allows the cooling medium to pass through the magnetic accumulator branch. Simultaneously, the electromagnet is controlled to reduce the current and lower the magnetic field strength, causing the magnetic refrigeration material to demagnetize. Its temperature drops rapidly, absorbing heat from the cooling medium, thereby reducing the medium inlet temperature and achieving rapid replenishment of cooling for the cooling user, effectively suppressing the risk of temperature exceeding the limit.

[0122] In step 502, if the temperature of the target cooling equipment is detected to be lower than the lower limit of the preset temperature range, it indicates that the current cooling capacity is excessive, and the system needs to avoid overcooling that could affect the normal operation of the equipment. At this time, the system also closes the valve branch, allowing the cooling medium to flow through the magnetic accumulator channel, and controls the electromagnet to increase the current and enhance the magnetic field strength, thereby causing the magnetic refrigeration material to undergo a magnetization effect. The material temperature rises and releases heat to the cooling medium, raising its inlet temperature and pulling the equipment temperature back to the normal range. This heating process does not require the introduction of an additional heat source; it can be achieved solely through magnetic field control, resulting in fast response and low energy consumption.

[0123] The above steps achieve bidirectional temperature control of the magnetic refrigeration material by precisely adjusting the electromagnet current, thereby indirectly controlling the rise and fall of the cooling medium temperature. Combined with the dynamic switching mechanism of the valve branches, the system can flexibly switch adjustment strategies under different heat load scenarios, enabling rapid and stable temperature adjustment for temperature-sensitive cooling users.

[0124] Furthermore, to address the issues of rapid fluctuations in cooling load, insufficient cooling capacity response, or sluggish adjustment in ship cooling systems under different operating conditions, this embodiment, in addition to magnetic accumulators, can also provide phase change accumulators, thermoelectric coolers, and three-way flow-in structures for different types of temperature-sensitive cooling users, in order to achieve rapid, efficient, and intelligent temperature control.

[0125] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a phase change refrigerant provided by the present invention. In one embodiment, for users experiencing a sudden increase in heat dissipation, a parallel-channel phase change refrigerant is installed in the upstream cooling pipeline. This parallel system consists of two branches: a conventional channel equipped with a valve and a phase change refrigerant branch. The phase change refrigerant module is filled with a phase change material, such as eutectic salt, paraffin, or fatty acid, and its phase change temperature is designed to be close to the ambient temperature of the chamber, thus facilitating natural recovery. Heat exchange tubes are arranged between the phase change materials, and the cooling medium flows within the heat exchange tubes, absorbing the latent heat of the phase change materials.

[0126] When the cooling system is operating normally, the valve branches are open, and the cooling medium mainly flows through the conventional pipelines; the phase change accumulator branch valves are closed and in standby mode. However, when the system detects an increase in heat dissipation from the cooling users, and conventional cooling is insufficient to control the equipment temperature, the system closes the conventional valve branches and simultaneously opens the phase change accumulator branch valves. This allows the cooling medium to flow through the heat exchange pipes arranged between the phase change materials, absorbing the latent heat released by the phase change materials to rapidly reduce the medium temperature, and then flowing into the cooling users, thereby quickly suppressing the temperature rise. To ensure that the phase change materials revert to a solid state after the temperature decreases, the phase change accumulator is equipped with external heat dissipation fins. When the ambient temperature in the chamber is low, the fins assist in completing the heat release and phase change reversal of the accumulator material, thus completing the closed loop of the accumulator process.

[0127] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a thermoelectric cooler provided by the present invention. In another embodiment, for temperature-sensitive equipment with a compact size and requiring localized, targeted cooling, a thermoelectric cooler is installed in the upstream inlet pipe of its heat exchanger. This module is arranged around the outer wall of the pipe and consists of a P-type thermoelectric arm, an N-type thermoelectric arm, an insulating gasket, a cold end, and a hot end. The cold end faces the inside of the pipe and is connected to the cold-side fins through a thermally conductive interface; the hot end faces the outside and is connected to the heat dissipation fins. When an increase in the cooling load of the user is detected, the system immediately supplies power to the thermoelectric cooler, activating its Peltier effect. The cold end absorbs heat and cools down, thereby reducing the temperature of the cooling medium and achieving a rapid, localized cooling response to prevent the equipment from overheating.

[0128] Furthermore, referring to Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is the second schematic diagram of a thermoelectric cooler provided by the present invention. In some applications with high heat loads and continuous heat dissipation requirements, the hot end of the thermoelectric module can also be connected to the cabin wall or cooling water outlet in a more distant area where heat can dissipate naturally via heat pipes, forming a combined thermoelectric-heat pipe cooling system. In this structure, the other end of the heat pipe connected to the hot end extends to the upper cabin of the ship or the cooling outlet, and is equipped with heat dissipation fins arranged along the flow direction, utilizing the height difference and flow field to remove heat. The heat pipe has strong heat transfer capacity and no moving parts, effectively improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the thermoelectric module and enhancing the cooling capacity on the cold side.

[0129] Reference Figure 10 , Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of a three-way flow diversion structure provided by the present invention. In another embodiment, for application scenarios with a large temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the cooling user's heat exchanger, a three-way flow diversion structure is set upstream of the cooling user's heat exchanger to further improve system energy efficiency and temperature control accuracy. This three-way structure has two outlet branches: one leading to the cooling user's heat exchanger, and the other being a bypass channel that bypasses the heat exchanger and directly enters the main loop junction point. The system sets temperature and flow measurement points upstream of the junction point. When the outlet temperature is detected to be lower than the set lower limit, the system gradually increases the flow rate of the bypass branch and decreases the flow rate of the heat exchanger branch by adjusting the opening of the three-way valve, thereby controlling the cooling capacity entering the user's circuit and maintaining the outlet temperature near the predetermined set value. This solution avoids over-cooling and improves the accuracy of system operation and energy utilization efficiency.

[0130] In summary, this embodiment introduces various rapid cooling response devices, such as magnetic accumulators, phase change material accumulators, thermoelectric coolers, and three-way flow diversion devices, to construct diversified temperature control methods. This enables the ship's central cooling system to achieve adaptive cooling adjustment under different cooling user heat load sudden changes or abnormal fluctuations, effectively enhancing the system's local response capability and operational robustness.

[0131] Step 104: At the target cooling equipment location, a cooling plate structure designed through topology optimization is adopted to adjust the flow path of the cooling medium and control the inlet and outlet pressure drop of the cooling plate structure within a preset range so that the temperature peak does not exceed the preset temperature threshold.

[0132] In this embodiment, step 104 involves employing a topology-optimized cooling plate structure at the target cooling equipment location to further improve the heat transfer efficiency of the cooling medium and uniformly distribute the cooling flow field, thereby effectively suppressing local overheating and controlling the peak temperature of the equipment surface within a set safe range. This step is designed to address typical problems in ship central cooling systems, such as uneven cooling and unstable temperature distribution caused by space constraints, complex structures, or concentrated heat loads.

[0133] In one possible implementation, step 104 specifically includes the following steps:

[0134] Step 601: With minimizing the maximum temperature of the cooling plate structure as the optimization objective and with the constraint that the pressure drop of the cooling medium does not exceed the head of the cooling water pump, perform topology optimization on the cooling plate structure.

[0135] In this embodiment, step 601 aims to generate a cooling plate structure suitable for the target cooling equipment through topology optimization design, with the optimization objective of minimizing the maximum temperature of the cooling plate and controlling the pressure drop of the cooling medium within the range not exceeding the head of the cooling water pump, thereby ensuring the thermal management effect while avoiding the impact of excessive flow resistance on the stable operation of the overall cooling system.

[0136] In the specific implementation process, firstly, based on the operating environment and heat load distribution of the target cooling equipment, a three-dimensional design domain and boundary conditions for the cooling plate are constructed. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and thermo-structural coupling analysis techniques, a numerical optimization model is established, with the objective function being the minimum maximum temperature of the cooling plate, and the constraint being that the pressure drop of the cooling medium flowing within the plate does not exceed the head capacity of the cooling water pump. This model generates cooling channel distribution schemes through iterative calculations and gradually selects the optimal structure that satisfies both thermal performance and hydraulic conditions.

[0137] During topology optimization, the material distribution of the design region is continuously mapped into high-density areas (solids) and low-density areas (cavities), ultimately forming a three-dimensional geometric configuration that balances structural regularity and heat exchange efficiency. The optimized cooling plate structure exhibits a grouped pin-rib layout arranged along the flow direction. This structural design allows the cooling medium to propagate uniformly along the main heat flow direction, reducing backflow dead zones and localized heat stagnation.

[0138] Step 602: Set an extension section in the inlet and outlet area of ​​the cooling plate structure to divide the inlet and outlet area into multiple main channels and several branch channels. The length of the extension section is an integer multiple of the feature size of a single fin.

[0139] In the specific design, topology optimization results determined the preliminary distribution structure of the main channel and core heat flow path. However, the actual performance of the cooling plate, especially near the inlet and outlet regions, may still be affected by factors such as flow instability, boundary disturbances, or uneven velocity distribution, leading to a decrease in heat transfer performance. Therefore, the system incorporates extension sections in the inlet and outlet regions of the cooling plate. These extension sections are designed with structural feature dimensions that are integer multiples of a fin feature dimension to ensure a continuous transition with the main channel pin rib structure and to facilitate modular manufacturing processes.

[0140] The extended section is further divided into 3-4 main channels and multiple fine direct current channels. The main channels serve as the primary transport channels for the cooling medium and are streamlined according to the direction of the cooling plate's flow, ensuring that most of the flow quickly enters the core area of ​​the plate. The fine direct current channels are evenly distributed between the main channels to compensate for insufficient cooling coverage in edge and corner areas due to high flow resistance in conventional designs. This "main-branch" composite flow channel structure not only improves the breadth and coverage of the flow but also enhances boundary layer disruption through the turbulent flow formed by the fine channels, thereby increasing heat transfer capacity.

[0141] Step 603: A gridded streamlined fit layout is adopted in the central area of ​​the cooling plate structure to eliminate local hot spots based on the flow direction of the cooling medium.

[0142] The central region of the cooling plate structure is often the main area for heat exchange of the cooling medium and also the core area where the heat load is concentrated. Based on the overall structure generated by topology optimization, to ensure that the cooling medium maintains good uniformity after entering the central region, the system adopts a grid structure for local microchannel design, and the flow channel direction is designed to conform to the streamline direction, that is, highly consistent with the mainstream direction of the cooling medium in the initial state at the inlet. This arrangement can effectively guide the medium to flow along the predetermined path, avoiding velocity loss, vortex stagnation, and flow dead zones caused by streamline bending or intersection.

[0143] Step 604: By adjusting the flow path distribution of the cooling medium through the topology-optimized cooling plate structure, the temperature peak distribution is made uniform and controlled within the preset temperature threshold.

[0144] In this embodiment, step 604 is used for a cooling plate based on a topology optimization structure. Through the coordinated design of structural layout and flow field distribution, the flow path distribution of the cooling medium is effectively adjusted, so that the temperature peak tends to be uniform in space and is controlled within a preset temperature threshold.

[0145] Furthermore, during the operation of a ship's lubricating oil system, due to the violent agitation of high-speed rotating components and fluctuations in system negative pressure, air is easily mixed into the lubricating oil, forming bubbles and leading to localized cavitation. When cavitation collapses at locations of pressure rise or sudden flow changes, it creates instantaneous high-pressure shock waves and localized high-temperature points. This not only affects heat exchange efficiency but may also cause fatigue damage to pipelines and critical equipment, reducing the safety and reliability of system operation.

[0146] To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment provides an integrated device for lubricating oil heat exchange and degassing, which deeply integrates the degassing function with the lubricating oil heat exchange function. This integrated structure enables the degassing treatment of lubricating oil before heat exchange, thereby improving the stability and degassing efficiency of the heat exchange system.

[0147] The device comprises a self-excited chamber at the inlet of the lubricating oil heat exchanger. After the lubricating oil enters the self-excited chamber through the main pipe, the sudden increase in the chamber's cross-sectional area generates a significant velocity gradient, inducing an unstable vortex structure at a specific frequency. The vortex amplifies within the chamber, forming a self-excited pulse jet. This pulsed fluid impacts the conical wall at the end of the self-excited chamber, generating strong disturbances and desorption effects, causing microbubbles in the lubricating oil to aggregate and undergo initial separation. To enhance the disturbance effect of the pulse jet, a collision wall cone angle is provided at the outlet of the self-excited chamber, with the included angle designed between 90° and 150° to ensure that the vortex flow fully releases kinetic energy at the wall surface, facilitating bubble aggregation.

[0148] The geometric parameters of the self-excited cavity are optimized and determined based on actual flow conditions. The inlet / outlet pipe diameter ratio d2 / d1 is controlled between 2 and 3, the self-excited cavity diameter to outlet pipe diameter ratio D / d2 is 4 to 6, and the self-excited cavity body diameter to length ratio D / L is controlled between 1.5 and 2. These structural parameters maximize the excitation of self-excited disturbances while ensuring flow continuity, taking into account both energy consumption and degassing effect.

[0149] After being treated in the self-excited chamber, the gas content of the lubricating oil has been initially reduced, but it still carries some fine bubbles. To further enhance the separation effect, a cyclone separator is arranged inside the heat exchanger head. The mixture of lubricating oil and residual bubbles enters the cyclone chamber tangentially, and gas-liquid separation is achieved by the centrifugal force of the swirling flow. The swirling flow guides the bubbles to gather towards the central axis, and then, under the action of gravity and pressure difference, they escape from the vent located in the central axis, completing effective degassing. To prevent lubricating oil from being carried out with the gas, a labyrinthine oil-gas separation structure is set above the vent. This structure uses multi-stage baffles and velocity differences to intercept and recover entrained droplets, ensuring that the extracted gas does not carry any lubricating oil components.

[0150] The outlet of the degassed lubricating oil is located at the bottom of the cyclone chamber, facing the inlet side. This reverse flow direction ensures a more uniform distribution of the lubricating oil, allowing it to achieve a stable flow pattern before entering the main heat exchange zone. This arrangement improves the uniformity of lubricating oil distribution within the heat exchanger, preventing flow deviation and localized temperature rises.

[0151] Furthermore, to address the issues of uneven jet inlet flow distribution and insufficient cooling capacity in some channels in single-layer water-cooled plate or microchannel heat exchanger structures, an optimized structure based on an oscillating jet exciter is provided. This structure introduces oscillating disturbances at the heat exchanger inlet, causing the jet to oscillate and pulsate periodically before entering each channel. This enhances the disturbance of the heat transfer boundary layer while achieving a more balanced flow distribution within multiple channels, significantly improving overall heat transfer performance.

[0152] In a preferred embodiment, a dual-feedback channel oscillating jet exciter is installed at the heat exchanger inlet. This exciter consists of an inlet section, a mixing chamber, left and right feedback channels, and an outlet nozzle. After the cooling medium enters the mixing chamber through the inlet section, the significantly larger volume of the mixing chamber compared to the inlet channel causes a noticeable velocity drop, inducing an unstable vortex structure within the flow field. This vortex structure repeatedly interacts between the feedback channels and the main channel, guiding some of the fluid to flow back along the left and right feedback channels and re-enter the mixing chamber, thereby establishing a periodic disturbance excitation mechanism within the chamber.

[0153] Due to the symmetrical arrangement of the feedback channels, the main fluid oscillates periodically from side to side along the outlet nozzle under the feedback effect. After this periodically deflected jet enters the microchannel structure, the flow pulsation excites an increase in turbulence intensity within the channel, while continuously disrupting the steady-state thermal boundary layer inside the channel, resulting in a significant increase in the local convective heat transfer coefficient.

[0154] In another alternative embodiment, the oscillating exciter structure eliminates the feedback channel and adopts a feedback-channel-free oscillating jet exciter structure. Its internal structure includes an inlet section, a buffer chamber, dual-sided fluid channels, a mixing chamber, and an outlet nozzle. After the cooling medium enters the buffer chamber, due to local spatial expansion and wall effect induction, asymmetric pressure disturbances can still be excited in the mixing chamber, thereby forming a low-frequency oscillating jet at the outlet nozzle.

[0155] Although the oscillation intensity of the feedbackless structure is slightly lower than that of the dual-feedback structure, its structure is more compact and the manufacturing process is simpler, making it suitable for applications where installation space is limited or where the cooling system imposes high constraints on structural complexity.

[0156] In another alternative implementation, a thin-film slapping oscillating jet exciter is used instead of a traditional feedback oscillation mechanism. In this structure, a flexible thin film (such as a rectangular or triangular film) is fixed at one end at the center of the nozzle outlet, while the other end of the film is free and suspended towards the central axis of the outlet channel. When the cooling medium flows out of the nozzle at high speed, it excites the thin film to undergo periodic slapping motion (similar to a flag waving) under the influence of flow field disturbance, thereby causing the jet to produce transverse oscillations and unstable pulsations.

[0157] This method has advantages such as not relying on complex internal channel structures, easy integration, and adjustable oscillation frequency, and is suitable for cooling systems with high structural integration and large flow rate fluctuations.

[0158] Through the design optimization of the above three oscillating jet structures, this embodiment achieves the following technical effects: significantly improves the uniformity of flow distribution of inlet fluid in each channel, solving the "flow deviation" problem caused by a single inlet design; enhances local turbulence disturbance and boundary layer destruction, improving heat transfer efficiency in micro-channels; achieves enhanced heat transfer without significantly increasing flow velocity, balancing energy consumption control and temperature response; offers multiple structural options to adapt to different space, cost, and cooling intensity requirements, and has good modularity and engineering compatibility.

[0159] Furthermore, in one possible implementation, to adapt to the complex internal space, enclosed compartments, and difficult wiring conditions of ships, a multi-gateway wired / wireless communication architecture is constructed in the central cooling system to achieve global status awareness, data processing, and execution control of the cooling system. This communication architecture can be deployed in zones according to the compartment layout and equipment concentration, is compatible with RS485 bus and WiFi wireless methods, and has the capabilities of hierarchical data acquisition, local processing, and master control coordination, significantly improving the system's operational stability and control robustness under harsh conditions.

[0160] In a basic architecture, the cooling users in a ship's cooling system are divided into multiple zones based on their physical location within the cabin. Multiple nearby cooling users in each zone share a single data acquisition board. The acquisition board connects to sensors at each cooling user, such as those for temperature and flow rate, to monitor the equipment's operating status in real time. The acquisition board aggregates the collected data and transmits it to a gateway device within the same area. The gateway then sends all the monitored information to the ship's central controller (main control unit) via wired or wireless means. For cabins in remote locations or where wiring is inconvenient, the system uses WiFi to wirelessly connect the acquisition board and the gateway, ensuring the integrity and real-time nature of data communication.

[0161] In another enhanced implementation, each gateway, in addition to its data forwarding function, also possesses certain execution control capabilities. When the central controller is operating normally, all control signals are generated and sent to the actuators by the main controller. However, in the event of a fault such as a malfunction of the central controller, network link failure, or physical isolation, the gateway will respond quickly based on sensor data provided by its local acquisition board, generating emergency control commands and directly controlling the cooling actuators within its area to ensure the continuity of local cooling capacity.

[0162] In a further optimized implementation, the gateway adds edge data processing capabilities to improve communication efficiency and data quality. In this mode, after receiving data from the acquisition board, the gateway performs local classification, normalization, anomaly removal, missing data imputation, data standardization, and weighting. It stores valid data in an SD card buffer and reports the structured results to the central controller via RS485 or Ethernet interface, discarding worthless or redundant data. This approach significantly reduces the load on the main control side and enhances the system's ability to process massive amounts of sensor information.

[0163] In the advanced intelligent version, the gateway incorporates a neural network-based state recognition and prediction module. After completing basic data cleaning and structuring, the gateway further performs steps including feature extraction, feature selection, dimensionality reduction, model screening, and training to construct a deep perception model for identifying early warning signs of cooling system failures. This model can dynamically identify typical early warning signs based on sensor data, such as a continuous rise in cooling user outlet temperature and a decrease in cooling efficiency. Based on this, it directly issues adjustment commands to local cooling equipment, achieving early intervention and a local control closed loop, ensuring cooling safety without relying on a central control center.

[0164] Through the above implementation methods, the ship cooling system establishes a multi-gateway communication and control system that combines wire / wireless fault tolerance, edge intelligent processing, and control sinking capabilities. Even in harsh environments and multi-node concurrent scenarios, it can still achieve accurate perception and intelligent response of the cooling status of the entire system, and has good engineering application prospects and intelligent ship platform adaptability.

[0165] Reference Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the ship cooling system provided by the present invention. The system includes:

[0166] The first processing module is used to acquire the initial temperature data of the target cooling device;

[0167] The second processing module is used to perform outlier removal, interpolation, and smoothing on the initial temperature data to obtain the processed temperature data.

[0168] The third processing module is used to control the cold storage device installed in parallel in the upstream pipeline of the target cooling equipment according to the processed temperature data. When the temperature of the target cooling equipment exceeds the preset temperature range, the cold storage device is used to adjust the temperature of the cooling medium so that the temperature of the target cooling equipment is maintained within the preset temperature range.

[0169] The fourth processing module is used to adjust the flow path of the cooling medium by using a topology-optimized cooling plate structure at the target cooling equipment location, and to control the inlet and outlet pressure drop of the cooling plate structure within a preset range so that the temperature peak does not exceed the preset temperature threshold.

[0170] In one possible implementation, the first processing module is further configured to:

[0171] A temperature sensing device is installed in the piping of the ship's central cooling system. The temperature sensing device obtains the required energy through at least one of thermoelectric power generation, flexible piezoelectric sheet power generation, micro-turbine power generation or nano-triboelectric power generation.

[0172] The initial temperature data of the target cooling equipment is collected using a temperature sensing device.

[0173] In one possible implementation, the first processing module is further configured to:

[0174] When it is not suitable to directly install temperature sensing devices in the pipes of the ship's central cooling system, an outer wall temperature sensor is installed on the outer wall of the pipe corresponding to the target location, and the outer wall temperature data is collected through the outer wall temperature sensor.

[0175] Based on the temperature data of the outer wall surface and the convective heat transfer boundary conditions of the fluid in the pipeline, the heat transfer equation and corresponding initial conditions are established.

[0176] Based on the temperature parameters to be inverted and the measured temperature data of the outer wall, an objective function is constructed, and the process of correcting and solving the heat transfer equation is transformed into a process of minimizing the objective function; the objective function accumulates the square of the temperature difference between the temperature parameters to be inverted and the measured temperature data of the outer wall at different time steps and measuring points.

[0177] The objective function is solved iteratively using the conjugate gradient method. In each iteration, the heat transfer equation is discretized using finite element or finite volume methods, and the inversion parameters are updated until the preset convergence conditions are met.

[0178] After the conjugate gradient method iteration is completed, the final inverted temperature data is compared with the actual temperature at the target location. If the comparison deviation meets the preset accuracy requirements, the inverted temperature data is used as the initial temperature data.

[0179] In one possible implementation, the third processing module is further configured to:

[0180] When the temperature of the target cooling equipment is determined to be greater than the preset temperature range, the electromagnet current is reduced to decrease the magnetic field strength, thereby lowering the temperature of the magnetic cooling material and reducing the inlet temperature of the cooling medium.

[0181] When the temperature of the target cooling device is determined to be lower than the preset temperature range, the electromagnet current is increased to enhance the magnetic field strength, thereby raising the temperature of the magnetic cooling material and increasing the inlet temperature of the cooling medium.

[0182] In one possible implementation, the fourth processing module is further configured to:

[0183] The topology optimization of the cooling plate structure is carried out with the goal of minimizing the maximum temperature of the cooling plate structure and the constraint that the pressure drop of the cooling medium does not exceed the head of the cooling water pump.

[0184] An extension section is set in the inlet and outlet area of ​​the cooling plate structure to divide the inlet and outlet area into multiple main channels and several branch channels. The length of the extension section is an integer multiple of the feature size of a single fin.

[0185] A gridded streamlined fit is adopted in the central area of ​​the cooling plate structure to eliminate local hot spots based on the flow direction of the cooling medium;

[0186] By optimizing the cooling plate structure through topology design, the flow path distribution of the cooling medium is adjusted to ensure that the temperature peak is evenly distributed and controlled within the preset temperature threshold.

[0187] In one possible implementation, the second processing module is further configured to:

[0188] Temperature data is compared according to a pre-set anomaly detection criterion. Temperature data exceeding the threshold of the anomaly detection criterion are marked as anomalies and removed from the data sequence.

[0189] For missing parts in the removed data sequence, interpolation algorithms are used to fill in the missing data. Interpolation algorithms include polynomial interpolation or piecewise linear interpolation.

[0190] The interpolated data sequence is smoothed by filtering or curve fitting to obtain the processed temperature data.

[0191] It should be noted that the ship cooling system provided by the present invention can execute the ship cooling method of any of the above embodiments during specific operation, which will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0192] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 1210, a communication interface 1220, a memory 1230, and a communication bus 1240. The processor 1210, communication interface 1220, and memory 1230 communicate with each other via the communication bus 1240. The processor 1210 can call logic instructions in the memory 1230 to execute a ship cooling method. This method includes: acquiring initial temperature data of the target cooling device; performing outlier removal, interpolation, and smoothing on the initial temperature data to obtain processed temperature data; controlling a cold storage device connected in parallel in the upstream pipeline of the target cooling device based on the processed temperature data; when the temperature of the target cooling device exceeds a preset temperature range, adjusting the temperature of the cooling medium through the cold storage device to maintain the temperature of the target cooling device within the preset temperature range; and employing a cooling plate structure designed with topology optimization at the location of the target cooling device to adjust the flow path of the cooling medium and control the inlet and outlet pressure drop of the cooling plate structure within a preset range so that the temperature peak does not exceed a preset temperature threshold.

[0193] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 1230 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0194] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by the computer, the computer can execute the ship cooling method provided in the above embodiments. The method includes: acquiring initial temperature data of a target cooling device; performing outlier removal, interpolation, and smoothing on the initial temperature data to obtain processed temperature data; controlling a cold storage device connected in parallel in the upstream pipeline of the target cooling device according to the processed temperature data; when the temperature of the target cooling device exceeds a preset temperature range, adjusting the temperature of the cooling medium through the cold storage device to maintain the temperature of the target cooling device within the preset temperature range; and using a cooling plate structure designed through topology optimization at the location of the target cooling device to adjust the flow path of the cooling medium and control the inlet and outlet pressure drop of the cooling plate structure within a preset range so that the temperature peak does not exceed a preset temperature threshold.

[0195] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the ship cooling method provided in the above embodiments. The method includes: acquiring initial temperature data of a target cooling device; performing outlier removal, interpolation, and smoothing on the initial temperature data to obtain processed temperature data; controlling a cold storage device connected in parallel in the upstream pipeline of the target cooling device according to the processed temperature data; when the temperature of the target cooling device exceeds a preset temperature range, adjusting the temperature of the cooling medium through the cold storage device to maintain the temperature of the target cooling device within the preset temperature range; and employing a cooling plate structure designed through topology optimization at the location of the target cooling device to adjust the flow path of the cooling medium and control the inlet and outlet pressure drop of the cooling plate structure within a preset range so that the temperature peak does not exceed a preset temperature threshold.

[0196] The system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0197] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of various embodiments or some parts of embodiments.

[0198] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship cooling method, characterized in that, include: Acquire the initial temperature data of the target cooling device; The initial temperature data is subjected to outlier removal, interpolation, and smoothing to obtain the processed temperature data. Based on the processed temperature data, a cold storage device connected in parallel in the upstream pipeline of the target cooling equipment is controlled. When the temperature of the target cooling equipment exceeds the preset temperature range, the temperature of the cooling medium is adjusted by the cold storage device to maintain the temperature of the target cooling equipment within the preset temperature range. The cold storage device is a magnetic cold storage unit connected in parallel in the upstream pipeline of the target cooling equipment. The magnetic cold storage unit is filled with magnetic refrigeration material and placed in a magnetic field environment formed by an electromagnet. When the temperature of the target cooling device exceeds the preset temperature range, the temperature of the cooling medium is regulated by the cold storage device, including: When it is determined that the temperature of the target cooling device is greater than the preset temperature range, the current of the electromagnet is reduced to reduce the magnetic field strength, thereby lowering the temperature of the magnetic cooling material and reducing the inlet temperature of the cooling medium. When it is determined that the temperature of the target cooling device is less than the preset temperature range, the current of the electromagnet is increased to enhance the magnetic field strength, thereby raising the temperature of the magnetic cooling material and increasing the inlet temperature of the cooling medium. A cooling plate structure designed with topology optimization is used at the target cooling equipment location to adjust the flow path of the cooling medium and control the inlet and outlet pressure drop of the cooling plate structure within a preset range so that the temperature peak does not exceed a preset temperature threshold, including: The cooling plate structure is optimized with the goal of minimizing the maximum temperature of the cooling plate structure and with the constraint that the pressure drop of the cooling medium does not exceed the head of the cooling water pump. An extension section is provided in the inlet and outlet area of ​​the cooling plate structure to divide the inlet and outlet area into multiple main channels and several branch channels. The length of the extension section is an integer multiple of the feature size of a single fin. A gridded streamlined fit is adopted in the central region of the cooling plate structure to eliminate local hot spots based on the flow direction of the cooling medium; By optimizing the cooling plate structure through topology design, the flow path distribution of the cooling medium is adjusted to make the temperature peak distribution uniform and control it within the preset temperature threshold.

2. The ship cooling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of the initial temperature data of the target cooling device includes: A temperature sensing device is installed in the piping of the ship's central cooling system. The temperature sensing device obtains the required energy through at least one of thermoelectric power generation, flexible piezoelectric sheet power generation, micro-turbine power generation, or nano-triboelectric power generation. The initial temperature data of the target cooling equipment is collected using the temperature sensing device.

3. The ship cooling method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of acquiring the initial temperature data of the target cooling device also includes: When it is not suitable to directly install the temperature sensing device in the pipeline of the ship's central cooling system, an outer wall temperature sensor is installed on the outer wall of the pipeline corresponding to the target position, and the outer wall temperature data is collected through the outer wall temperature sensor. Based on the external wall temperature data and the convective heat transfer boundary conditions of the fluid in the pipeline, a heat transfer equation and corresponding initial conditions are established. Based on the temperature parameters to be inverted and the measured temperature data of the outer wall, an objective function is constructed, and the process of correcting and solving the heat transfer equation is transformed into a process of minimizing the objective function; wherein the objective function accumulates the square of the temperature difference between the temperature parameters to be inverted and the measured temperature data of the outer wall at different time steps and measuring points. The objective function is iteratively optimized and solved using the conjugate gradient method. In each iteration, the heat transfer equation is discretized using finite element or finite volume methods, and the inversion parameters are updated until the preset convergence condition is met. After the conjugate gradient method iteration is completed, the final inversion temperature data is compared with the actual temperature at the target location. If the comparison deviation meets the preset accuracy requirements, the inversion temperature data is used as the initial temperature data.

4. The ship cooling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial temperature data is subjected to outlier removal, interpolation, and smoothing to obtain processed temperature data, including: The temperature data is compared according to a pre-set anomaly detection criterion. Temperature data exceeding the threshold of the anomaly detection criterion are marked as anomalies and removed from the data sequence. For missing parts in the removed data sequence, an interpolation algorithm is used to fill in the missing data. The interpolation algorithm includes polynomial interpolation or piecewise linear interpolation. The interpolated data sequence is smoothed by filtering or curve fitting to obtain the processed temperature data.

5. A ship cooling system for performing the ship cooling method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, include: The first processing module is used to acquire the initial temperature data of the target cooling device; The second processing module is used to perform outlier removal, interpolation, and smoothing on the initial temperature data to obtain the processed temperature data. The third processing module is used to control the cold storage device connected in parallel in the upstream pipeline of the target cooling equipment according to the processed temperature data. When the temperature of the target cooling equipment exceeds the preset temperature range, the cold storage device is used to adjust the temperature of the cooling medium so that the temperature of the target cooling equipment is maintained within the preset temperature range. The fourth processing module is used to adjust the flow path of the cooling medium by using a topology-optimized cooling plate structure at the target cooling equipment location, and to control the inlet and outlet pressure drop of the cooling plate structure within a preset range so that the temperature peak does not exceed a preset temperature threshold.

6. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the ship cooling method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

7. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the ship cooling method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

8. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the ship cooling method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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