IoT-based intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of intelligent drainage technology, and more particularly to an intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The system includes: a data acquisition module, a first judgment module, a second judgment module, an anomaly determination module, an adjustment module, and a drainage module. This invention acquires key data from the drainage tunnel in real time, filters out preliminary temporary drainage tunnels based on a comparison of the arch water pressure with a preset threshold, and further filters out more precise temporary drainage tunnels by combining available capacity, leakage volume, and correlation thresholds. It comprehensively determines abnormal drainage tunnels based on location distribution and leakage volume, ensuring accurate identification of abnormal drainage tunnels. It dynamically adjusts the water pressure threshold and correlation threshold, providing a more reasonable basis for adjusting the opening of the drainage valve, reducing the operational risk of the drainage tunnel, and effectively solving the problem of low drainage efficiency caused by the increased risk of abnormal deformation of the drainage tunnel structure due to overload or increased leakage caused by heavy rain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent drainage technology, and in particular to an intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] The rapid pace of urbanization and the frequent occurrence of extreme weather events are putting increasing pressure on urban drainage systems. Traditional drainage systems often suffer from low drainage efficiency, easy blockage of drainage holes, and leakage when facing extreme weather such as rainstorms, leading to frequent urban flooding.

[0003] Chinese patent publication CN117328937A discloses an intelligent tunnel drainage system and method. The system includes a drainage baffle and a horizontal drive mechanism. The horizontal drive mechanism is disposed within a trough located on one side of a drainage hole. The drainage baffle has multiple drainage holes and is mounted on the horizontal drive mechanism. The horizontal drive mechanism drives the drainage baffle to move horizontally to open or close the drainage hole. A water level sensor is installed inside the tunnel, and a flow velocity sensor is installed in each drainage hole. The signal output terminals of the water level sensor and the flow velocity sensor are connected to the signal input terminal of a processor. The signal output terminal of the processor is connected to the signal input terminal of the horizontal drive mechanism. The processor controls the movement of the horizontal drive mechanism based on the ground water level signal inside the tunnel fed by the water level sensor and the drainage flow velocity signal fed by the flow velocity sensor.

[0004] Therefore, the intelligent tunnel drainage system has the following problems: during heavy rain, the water level and flow rate change rapidly, and the drive mechanism does not respond in time; it relies on a single water level sensor and flow rate sensor, which reduces the reliability of the system; during extreme heavy rain, it cannot respond to the rise in water level in time; and it cannot adapt to complex changes in heavy rain, resulting in low drainage efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address this, the present invention provides an intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels based on the Internet of Things, which overcomes the problem of low drainage efficiency caused by overload or increased leakage of the drainage system due to rainstorms in the prior art, which leads to increased risk of abnormal deformation of the drainage tunnel structure. This is achieved through multi-dimensional data analysis and dynamic adjustment mechanisms.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels based on the Internet of Things, comprising:

[0007] The data acquisition module is used to collect data in real time during continuous heavy rain, including the spare capacity of each drainage tunnel under test, the water pressure at the arch, the leakage between the lining and the surrounding rock, and the average crack area on the lining surface.

[0008] The first determination module is connected to the acquisition module and is used to determine the duration based on the water pressure at the top of the arch and a preset water pressure threshold, and to determine a number of first temporary drainage holes based on the duration.

[0009] The second determination module is connected to the acquisition module and the first determination module respectively, and is used to determine a number of second temporary drainage holes based on the available capacity and leakage amount of each of the first temporary drainage holes and a preset correlation threshold.

[0010] An anomaly determination module is connected to the acquisition module and the second determination module respectively, and is used to determine a number of abnormal drainage holes based on the location distribution of each of the second temporary drainage holes and the leakage amount.

[0011] An adjustment module, which is connected to the acquisition module and the anomaly determination module respectively, is used to adjust the preset water pressure threshold according to the location distribution of each of the abnormal drainage holes and the water pressure of the arch, to obtain an adjusted water pressure threshold, and adjust the preset correlation threshold based on the adjusted water pressure threshold and the average crack area, to obtain an adjusted correlation threshold.

[0012] A drainage module, connected to the anomaly determination module, is used to adjust the preset drainage valve opening of each abnormal drainage hole and each drainage hole to be tested according to the average crack area of ​​each abnormal drainage hole and the spare capacity of each drainage hole to be tested, obtained again based on the adjusted correlation threshold, so as to distribute the water from the abnormal drainage holes to the drainage holes to be tested.

[0013] Furthermore, the first determination module includes:

[0014] The duration determination unit is used to determine the duration based on the comparison result between the arch water pressure and the preset water pressure threshold.

[0015] The first determination unit is connected to the duration determination unit and is used to determine a number of first temporary drainage holes from all the drainage holes to be tested based on the comparison result between the duration and the preset duration threshold.

[0016] Furthermore, the second determination module includes:

[0017] A temporary fluctuation calculation unit is used to calculate several capacity fluctuation values ​​based on the available capacity within a preset determination period, and to calculate several leakage fluctuation values ​​based on the leakage amount within the preset determination period.

[0018] The second determination unit is connected to the temporary fluctuation calculation unit and is used to determine a number of second temporary drainage holes based on all the capacity fluctuation values, all the leakage fluctuation values ​​and the preset correlation threshold.

[0019] Furthermore, the second determination unit includes:

[0020] A correlation calculation subunit is used to calculate the absolute value of correlation based on all the capacity fluctuation values ​​and all the leakage fluctuation values;

[0021] The second determination subunit, which is connected to the correlation calculation subunit, is used to determine a number of second temporary drainage holes from all the first temporary drainage holes based on the comparison result of the absolute value of the correlation and the preset correlation threshold.

[0022] Furthermore, the anomaly determination module includes:

[0023] The overlap calculation unit is used to calculate the overlap based on the positions of all the second temporary drainage holes within a preset anomaly determination time.

[0024] An anomaly determination unit, which is connected to the overlap calculation unit, is used to determine several abnormal drainage holes from all the second temporary drainage holes based on the comparison result of the overlap degree and the preset overlap degree threshold.

[0025] The first correction unit is connected to the overlap calculation unit and is used to correct several abnormal drainage holes based on the comparison result of the overlap degree and the preset overlap degree threshold and the leakage amount of each overlapping drainage hole.

[0026] The overlapping drainage holes are the overlapping portions of all the second temporary drainage holes within the preset anomaly determination time.

[0027] Further, the first correction unit includes:

[0028] The leakage stability calculation subunit is used to calculate the leakage stability value based on the comparison result between the overlap degree and the preset overlap degree threshold, according to the preset anomaly determination time period for all the leakage amounts.

[0029] The first correction subunit, which is connected to the leakage stability calculation subunit, is used to correct several abnormal drainage holes from all the overlapping drainage holes based on the comparison result of the leakage stability value and the preset leakage stability threshold.

[0030] Furthermore, the adjustment module includes:

[0031] A dispersion calculation unit is used to calculate the dispersion based on the location of all the abnormal drainage holes;

[0032] A water pressure adjustment unit, which is connected to the dispersion calculation unit, is used to adjust the preset water pressure threshold based on the comparison result of the dispersion and the preset dispersion threshold, according to the arch water pressure of all the abnormal drainage holes and the preset water pressure fluctuation threshold, to obtain the adjusted water pressure threshold.

[0033] A correlation adjustment unit, connected to the water pressure adjustment unit, is used to adjust the preset correlation threshold based on the adjusted water pressure threshold and the average crack area to obtain the adjusted correlation threshold.

[0034] Furthermore, the relevance adjustment unit includes:

[0035] An area fluctuation calculation subunit is used to calculate the area fluctuation value based on all the average crack areas;

[0036] A deviation calculation subunit, which is connected to the area fluctuation calculation subunit, is used to calculate the area fluctuation deviation based on the comparison result between the area fluctuation value and the preset area fluctuation threshold.

[0037] A correlation adjustment subunit, which is connected to the deviation calculation subunit, is used to adjust the preset correlation threshold based on the comparison result of the area fluctuation deviation and the preset area deviation threshold, so as to obtain the adjusted correlation threshold.

[0038] Furthermore, the drainage module includes:

[0039] The first drain valve adjustment unit is used to determine a number of risk water volumes based on the average crack area of ​​each of the abnormal drain holes, and adjust the preset drain valve opening of each abnormal drain hole according to each risk water volume to obtain the corresponding adjusted drain valve opening.

[0040] The second drain valve adjustment unit is connected to the first drain valve adjustment unit. It is used to determine the allocated water volume of each drain hole to be tested based on the comparison result of the spare capacity and the risk water volume of the drain hole to be tested adjacent to the abnormal drain hole, and adjust the preset drain valve opening of each drain hole to be tested according to the allocated water volume to obtain a number of corresponding adjusted drain valve openings.

[0041] The second correction unit is connected to the first drain valve adjustment unit and the second drain valve adjustment unit respectively, and is used to correct the opening degree of the adjusted drain valve of each drain hole to be tested according to the position of each abnormal drain hole and the position of each drain hole to be tested, so as to obtain a number of corresponding corrected drain valve opening degrees.

[0042] A drainage unit, which is connected to the first drainage valve adjustment unit and the second correction unit respectively, is used to operate the corresponding drainage valve according to all the adjusted drainage valve openings and all the corrected drainage valve openings, so as to distribute the water from the abnormal drainage hole to the drainage hole to be tested.

[0043] Furthermore, the second correction unit includes:

[0044] The cluster value determination subunit is used to determine several clusters based on the location coordinates of each abnormal drainage hole, and to determine several cluster values ​​based on the number of all abnormal drainage holes within the coverage area of ​​each cluster and the number of all drainage holes to be tested.

[0045] The second correction subunit is connected to the cluster value determination subunit and is used to correct the opening degree of the adjustment drain valve of each of the drainage holes to be tested according to the comparison result of the cluster value and the preset cluster value threshold, so as to obtain a number of corresponding corrected drain valve opening degrees.

[0046] The number of drainage holes to be tested within the coverage area of ​​each cluster is not less than the preset number of drainage holes.

[0047] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention lie in its ability to acquire key data of the drainage tunnel in real time. The spare capacity reflects the remaining drainage capacity of the tunnel, directly affecting whether it can accommodate additional water. The arch water pressure reflects the pressure of the water inside the tunnel; high water pressure may exacerbate leakage between the lining and surrounding rock, leading to increased leakage, and may also exacerbate the expansion of cracks on the lining surface, increasing the crack area. The leakage between the lining and surrounding rock and the crack area on the lining surface are important indicators of the structural health of the drainage tunnel. Increased leakage may indicate a decrease in the seal between the lining and surrounding rock, while the expansion of the crack area may further lead to increased leakage and higher water pressure. These parameters interact to jointly determine the operating status and potential risks of the drainage tunnel, effectively optimizing drainage efficiency. Preliminary temporary drainage holes are selected by comparing the arch water pressure with preset thresholds. More precise temporary drainage holes are then selected by combining spare capacity, leakage, and correlation thresholds. Abnormal drainage holes are identified by comprehensively considering location distribution and leakage, ensuring accurate identification of abnormal drainage holes. The water pressure threshold and correlation threshold are dynamically adjusted to adapt to real-time data changes, providing a more reasonable basis for adjusting the opening of the drainage valve, reducing the operational risk of drainage holes, and effectively solving the problem of low drainage efficiency caused by the risk of abnormal deformation of drainage hole structure due to overload or increased leakage of the drainage system caused by rainstorms.

[0048] Furthermore, by recording the duration for which the water pressure at the arch exceeds a preset water pressure threshold, misjudgments caused by brief fluctuations can be effectively filtered out, preventing normal drainage holes from being mistakenly identified as abnormal drainage holes due to instantaneous water pressure changes. Determining the first temporary drainage hole based on whether the duration exceeds the preset threshold further ensures that it is only identified as abnormal when the water pressure is abnormal and the duration is relatively long, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the determination.

[0049] Furthermore, by calculating the standard deviation of the fluctuation values ​​of spare capacity and leakage, the dynamic changes of the drainage tunnel within a preset judgment period can be accurately identified. The capacity fluctuation value reflects the stability of the spare capacity of the drainage tunnel, while the leakage fluctuation value reflects the stability of the leakage situation. By combining these two fluctuation values ​​with a preset correlation threshold, the operating status of the drainage tunnel can be more comprehensively evaluated. By comprehensively considering the dynamic changes of multiple key parameters, potential secondary temporary drainage tunnels with risks can be accurately screened, avoiding misjudgments caused by fluctuations of a single indicator.

[0050] Furthermore, by using max-min normalization and calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient, the correlation between fluctuations in spare capacity and leakage can be scientifically quantified. Under normal circumstances, the fluctuations of these two indicators should be relatively independent; that is, changes in spare capacity are mainly affected by drainage flow and the design capacity of the drainage tunnel, while changes in leakage are mainly related to the structural integrity of the drainage tunnel and water pressure. When the absolute value of the correlation is greater than a preset correlation threshold, it indicates a significant correlation between fluctuations in spare capacity and leakage, suggesting potential structural problems or operational risks in the drainage tunnel, thus classifying it as a secondary temporary drainage tunnel. This method can accurately identify drainage tunnels where fluctuations in spare capacity and leakage are highly correlated.

[0051] Furthermore, by comprehensively considering the overlap of drainage hole locations and leakage volume, abnormal drainage holes can be identified more accurately while avoiding misjudgments. By calculating the overlap, when the overlap is greater than or equal to a preset overlap threshold, these drainage holes are determined to be abnormal. Drainage holes with highly overlapping locations can be quickly identified. The high overlap of these drainage holes in the time series indicates high accuracy in the judgment. When the overlap is lower than the preset threshold, it is corrected according to the leakage volume of each overlapping drainage hole, further filtering out drainage holes that are truly abnormal. This approach considers both location information and the key indicator of leakage volume, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the judgment.

[0052] Furthermore, by comprehensively considering both location overlap and leakage stability, abnormal drainage holes can be identified more accurately, while avoiding misjudgments caused by a single indicator. When the overlap is below a preset overlap threshold, location information alone cannot determine whether a drainage hole is abnormal. In this case, leakage stability becomes a key supplementary indicator. The leakage stability calculation subunit calculates the standard deviation of the leakage stability value. If this value is greater than the preset leakage stability threshold, it indicates that the leakage fluctuates significantly, potentially indicating structural problems or operational risks. Based on this, overlapping drainage holes are identified as abnormal drainage holes, thus correcting the judgment result for abnormal drainage holes. In identifying abnormal drainage holes, not only location information is considered, but also the dynamic changes in leakage, improving the accuracy and reliability of the judgment.

[0053] Furthermore, by comprehensively considering the dispersion of abnormal drainage holes, the fluctuation of water pressure at the arch, and the crack area, the water pressure threshold and correlation threshold can be dynamically adjusted. This allows for more precise adaptation to the operating status of the drainage system, improving its intelligence and operational efficiency. The distribution of abnormal drainage holes is assessed by calculating the Euclidean distance and standard deviation between the abnormal drainage holes and a preset reference point. When the dispersion exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates that the abnormal drainage holes are relatively dispersed. At this point, the water pressure adjustment unit further analyzes the fluctuation of water pressure at the arch. If the water pressure fluctuation exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates abnormal water pressure changes, requiring adjustment of the water pressure threshold to adapt to the current situation. Furthermore, based on the adjusted water pressure threshold and crack area, the correlation threshold is dynamically adjusted to more accurately identify drainage holes requiring attention. Parameters are dynamically adjusted based on real-time data, avoiding misjudgments or omissions caused by fixed thresholds, thus improving the system's adaptability and reliability.

[0054] Furthermore, by calculating the area fluctuation value, the dynamic change of the crack area is quantified, and the area fluctuation deviation is calculated. When the area fluctuation deviation exceeds the preset area deviation threshold, the preset correlation threshold is dynamically reduced according to the degree of deviation and the preset correlation adjustment coefficient. If the crack area fluctuation is large, it indicates that the crack is unstable and there may be structural problems or leakage risks. When the deviation exceeds the preset area deviation threshold, it indicates that the crack area fluctuation has exceeded the normal range, and abnormal drainage holes need to be screened more strictly. By reducing the correlation threshold, the system can more sensitively identify drainage holes with large crack area fluctuations and high correlation with leakage. It can flexibly adjust the correlation threshold according to the actual fluctuation of the crack area, avoiding misjudgment or omission due to fixed threshold, thereby more accurately identifying drainage holes that need attention.

[0055] Furthermore, by calculating the product of the average crack area and the preset unit crack water volume, the risk water volume caused by cracks in each drainage hole is accurately assessed, thereby quantifying the impact of cracks on drainage capacity. Next, the opening of the drainage valve is dynamically adjusted based on the product of the risk water volume and the preset unit water volume opening, ensuring that the drainage system can accurately adjust according to the risk water volume caused by cracks, avoiding safety issues due to insufficient drainage capacity. Further considering the spare capacity of the drainage holes under test, the drainage path is optimized and drainage efficiency is improved by allocating the risk water volume in stages. Combined with the location information of the drainage holes, the adjusted drainage valve opening is corrected to ensure the overall coordination and safety of the drainage system. The drainage valves are operated according to the adjusted and corrected openings to rationally distribute water from abnormal drainage holes to the drainage holes under test. This ensures efficient operation of the drainage system under different operating conditions, avoiding local overload and poor drainage, while improving the system's flexibility and adaptability, and enhancing the overall performance and reliability of the drainage system.

[0056] Furthermore, through cluster analysis and cluster value assessment, high-risk areas are accurately identified, and the opening of the drainage valves of the drainage holes to be tested in these areas is effectively corrected to ensure the safety and stability of the drainage system. By comparing the cluster value with a preset cluster value threshold, when the cluster value exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates that there are relatively many abnormal drainage holes in the cluster, and the drainage holes to be tested within the cluster's coverage area are surrounded by abnormal drainage holes, indicating a high risk of overload. The opening of the drainage valves of all drainage holes to be tested within the cluster is corrected to the preset value to ensure that these drainage holes maintain their initial drainage capacity while avoiding drainage problems or structural damage caused by excessive local risks. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the IoT-based intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels in this embodiment;

[0058] Figure 2 This is a logic diagram of the first determination module determining the first temporary drainage hole in this embodiment;

[0059] Figure 3 This is a logic diagram of the second determination unit determining the second temporary drainage hole in this embodiment;

[0060] Figure 4 This is the logic diagram for determining abnormal drainage holes in the first correction unit of this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0061] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0062] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] Please see Figure 1 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of an IoT-based intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels according to this embodiment. This embodiment provides an IoT-based intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels, including:

[0064] The data acquisition module is used to collect data in real time during continuous heavy rain, including the spare capacity of each drainage tunnel under test, the water pressure at the arch, the leakage between the lining and the surrounding rock, and the average crack area on the lining surface.

[0065] The first determination module is connected to the acquisition module and is used to determine the duration based on the water pressure at the top of the arch and a preset water pressure threshold, and to determine a number of first temporary drainage holes based on the duration.

[0066] The second determination module is connected to the acquisition module and the first determination module respectively, and is used to determine a number of second temporary drainage holes based on the available capacity and leakage amount of each of the first temporary drainage holes and a preset correlation threshold.

[0067] An anomaly determination module is connected to the acquisition module and the second determination module respectively, and is used to determine a number of abnormal drainage holes based on the location distribution of each of the second temporary drainage holes and the leakage amount.

[0068] An adjustment module, which is connected to the acquisition module and the anomaly determination module respectively, is used to adjust the preset water pressure threshold according to the location distribution of each of the abnormal drainage holes and the water pressure of the arch, to obtain an adjusted water pressure threshold, and adjust the preset correlation threshold based on the adjusted water pressure threshold and the average crack area, to obtain an adjusted correlation threshold.

[0069] A drainage module, connected to the anomaly determination module, is used to adjust the preset drainage valve opening of each abnormal drainage hole and each drainage hole to be tested according to the average crack area of ​​each abnormal drainage hole and the spare capacity of each drainage hole to be tested, obtained again based on the adjusted correlation threshold, so as to distribute the water from the abnormal drainage holes to the drainage holes to be tested.

[0070] In this embodiment, under continuous heavy rain, the drainage system faces enormous drainage pressure. When the drainage volume is large, it monitors whether the drainage tunnels have structural abnormalities and drainage risks, leading to low drainage efficiency. Several drainage tunnels are connected to the outlet of the drainage area to ensure drainage efficiency. Spare capacity refers to the additional amount of water that the drainage tunnel can hold at the current water level. It determines whether the drainage tunnel can withstand the additional water volume, thus preventing overflow or water accumulation, and is measured using a water level sensor. The arch pressure refers to the water pressure at the arch of the drainage tunnel. It can provide early warning of whether the drainage tunnel is under excessive water pressure, preventing structural damage due to excessive water pressure. Pressure sensors evenly installed at the arch of the drainage tunnel are used to monitor water pressure changes in real time. The lining refers to a layer of structure built on the inner wall of the drainage tunnel to support the surrounding rock and prevent its collapse and deformation. The space or interface between the lining and the surrounding rock refers to the space or interface between the outer surface of the lining and the surrounding rock. The leakage between the lining and the surrounding rock refers to the amount of water leaking between the drainage tunnel lining and the surrounding rock, reflecting the leakage situation of the drainage tunnel, and is monitored by an electromagnetic flowmeter installed between the lining and the surrounding rock. The lining surface refers to the inner surface of the lining, the part that comes into contact with the water flow inside the drainage tunnel. The average crack area of ​​the lining surface refers to the average area of ​​cracks on the surface of the drainage tunnel lining, reflecting the integrity of the drainage tunnel lining and indicating potential structural problems. It is monitored using fiber optic sensors.

[0071] The preset drain valve opening refers to the opening degree of the drain valve in the drainage system during heavy rain. It depends on the flow demand of the drainage system, the design parameters of the drainage tunnel, and the operation strategy of the drainage system, and is usually set between 40% and 90%. In this embodiment, it is set to 70% to ensure that the drainage system has sufficient drainage capacity during normal operation, while also reserving adjustment space.

[0072] The preset water pressure threshold is a benchmark water pressure value used to determine whether the water pressure at the top of the drainage duct exceeds the normal range. It depends on the design standards, structural strength, and safety operation requirements of the drainage duct, and is typically set between 0.5 MPa and 2.0 MPa. In this embodiment, it is set to 1.2 MPa, which can effectively identify drainage ducts with abnormally high water pressure, while avoiding frequent adjustments due to misjudgments, thus ensuring the stable operation of the drainage system.

[0073] The preset correlation threshold is a benchmark value used to judge the correlation strength between capacity fluctuation and leakage fluctuation. It depends on the engineering characteristics, operating status, and sensitivity requirements of the drainage tunnel to abnormal situations, and is usually set between 0.5 and 0.9. In this embodiment, it is set to 0.7, which can effectively filter out drainage tunnels whose capacity fluctuation and leakage fluctuation are highly correlated, ensuring that only when there is a strong correlation between the two will it be identified as a second temporary drainage tunnel.

[0074] By acquiring key data from the drainage tunnel in real time, the spare capacity reflects the tunnel's remaining drainage capacity, directly affecting its ability to accommodate additional water. The crown water pressure reflects the internal water pressure within the tunnel; high water pressure may exacerbate leakage between the lining and surrounding rock, leading to increased leakage, and may also accelerate the expansion of cracks on the lining surface, increasing crack area. The leakage rate between the lining and surrounding rock and the crack area on the lining surface are important indicators of the drainage tunnel's structural health. Increased leakage may indicate a decrease in the seal between the lining and surrounding rock, while the expansion of crack area may further lead to increased leakage and higher water pressure. These parameters interact to jointly determine the drainage tunnel's operational status and potential risks, effectively optimizing drainage efficiency. Preliminary temporary drainage holes are selected by comparing the arch water pressure with preset thresholds. More precise temporary drainage holes are then selected by combining spare capacity, leakage, and correlation thresholds. Abnormal drainage holes are identified by comprehensively considering location distribution and leakage, ensuring accurate identification of abnormal drainage holes. The water pressure threshold and correlation threshold are dynamically adjusted to adapt to real-time data changes, providing a more reasonable basis for adjusting the opening of the drainage valve, reducing the operational risk of drainage holes, and effectively solving the problem of low drainage efficiency caused by the risk of abnormal deformation of drainage hole structure due to overload or increased leakage of the drainage system caused by rainstorms.

[0075] Please see Figure 2As shown, this is a logic diagram of the first determination module determining the first temporary drainage hole in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the first determination module includes:

[0076] The duration determination unit is used to record the current timestamp when the water pressure at the top of the arch is greater than or equal to the preset water pressure threshold, and to stop recording when the water pressure at the top of the arch is less than the preset water pressure threshold, thereby obtaining the duration.

[0077] The first determination unit is connected to the duration determination unit and is used to determine that the drainage hole to be tested is the first temporary drainage hole when the duration is greater than a preset duration threshold, thereby obtaining a plurality of first temporary drainage holes.

[0078] The preset duration threshold is a benchmark value used to determine whether the duration for which the water pressure at the arch exceeds the preset water pressure threshold is excessive. It depends on the range of water pressure the drainage tunnel can withstand under abnormal conditions and the response speed requirements of the drainage system, and is typically set between 10 and 60 minutes. In this embodiment, it is set to 30 minutes, which effectively filters out short-term water pressure fluctuations, ensuring that only drainage tunnels with genuine and continuous risks are identified as the first temporary drainage tunnel, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of the system's judgment.

[0079] By recording the duration for which the water pressure at the arch exceeds a preset threshold, misjudgments caused by brief fluctuations can be effectively filtered out, preventing normal drainage holes from being mistakenly identified as abnormal drainage holes due to instantaneous water pressure changes. The determination of the first temporary drainage hole based on whether the duration exceeds the preset threshold further ensures that it is only identified as abnormal when the water pressure is abnormal and the duration is relatively long, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the determination.

[0080] Specifically, the second determination module includes:

[0081] The temporary fluctuation calculation unit is used to calculate the standard deviation of all the available capacity from the initial time to each time within a preset determination period, to obtain several capacity fluctuation values, and to calculate the standard deviation of all the leakage amount from the initial time to each time within a preset determination period, to obtain several leakage amount fluctuation values.

[0082] The second determination unit is connected to the temporary fluctuation calculation unit and is used to determine a number of second temporary drainage holes based on all the capacity fluctuation values, all the leakage fluctuation values ​​and the preset correlation threshold.

[0083] The preset judgment duration is a time interval used to calculate the fluctuations in the spare capacity and leakage of the drainage hole within that time period. It depends on the response speed of the drainage system, the hydraulic characteristics of the drainage hole, and the sensitivity requirements for detecting abnormal situations, and is usually set between 5 and 30 minutes. In this embodiment, it is set to 15 minutes, which can effectively capture abnormal fluctuations in the drainage hole that occur within a short period of time while ensuring the real-time performance of the system.

[0084] By calculating the standard deviation of fluctuations in spare capacity and leakage, the dynamic changes of drainage tunnels within a preset judgment period can be accurately identified. Capacity fluctuation reflects the stability of the spare capacity of the drainage tunnel, while leakage fluctuation reflects the stability of the leakage situation. By combining these two fluctuation values ​​with a preset correlation threshold, the operational status of the drainage tunnel can be more comprehensively assessed. By comprehensively considering the dynamic changes of multiple key parameters, potential secondary temporary drainage tunnels with risks can be accurately identified, avoiding misjudgments caused by fluctuations in a single indicator.

[0085] Please see Figure 3 As shown, this is the determination logic diagram of the second determination unit in this embodiment for determining the second temporary drainage hole. In this embodiment, the second determination unit includes:

[0086] The correlation calculation subunit is used to perform maximum-min normalization on all the capacity fluctuation values ​​to obtain several capacity normalization values, and to perform maximum-min normalization on all the leakage fluctuation values ​​to obtain several leakage normalization values, and to calculate the absolute value of the Pearson correlation coefficient between all capacity normalization values ​​and all leakage normalization values ​​to obtain the absolute value of the correlation.

[0087] The second determination subunit is connected to the correlation calculation subunit and is used to determine the first temporary drainage hole as the second temporary drainage hole when the absolute value of the correlation is greater than the preset correlation threshold, thereby obtaining a plurality of second temporary drainage holes.

[0088] By employing max-min normalization and calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient, the correlation between fluctuations in spare capacity and leakage can be scientifically quantified. Under normal circumstances, the fluctuations of these two indicators should be relatively independent; that is, changes in spare capacity are mainly affected by drainage flow and the design capacity of the drainage tunnel, while changes in leakage are mainly related to the structural integrity of the drainage tunnel and water pressure. When the absolute value of the correlation exceeds a preset correlation threshold, it indicates a significant correlation between the fluctuations in spare capacity and leakage, suggesting potential structural problems or operational risks in the drainage tunnel. This identifies the drainage tunnel as a secondary temporary drainage tunnel, accurately identifying drainage tunnels where the fluctuations in spare capacity and leakage are highly correlated.

[0089] Specifically, the anomaly determination module includes:

[0090] The overlap calculation unit is used to calculate the overlap based on the positions of all the second temporary drainage holes within a preset anomaly determination time.

[0091] Overlap calculation formula: ,

[0092] Where: M is the overlap degree; T is the number of time windows within the preset anomaly determination period;

[0093] For a moment The second set of temporary drainage tunnels;

[0094] For the next moment The second set of temporary drainage tunnels;

[0095] To appear at the same time and The number of drainage holes at any given time;

[0096] In order to be in or The total number of drainage holes that appear at any given time.

[0097] An anomaly determination unit, which is connected to the overlap calculation unit, is used to determine all the second temporary drainage holes as the abnormal drainage holes when the overlap is greater than or equal to a preset overlap threshold, so as to identify a number of abnormal drainage holes.

[0098] The first correction unit is connected to the overlap calculation unit and is used to correct several abnormal drainage holes according to the leakage amount of each overlapping drainage hole when the overlap is less than the preset overlap threshold.

[0099] The overlapping drainage holes are the overlapping portions of all the second temporary drainage holes within the preset anomaly determination time.

[0100] The preset anomaly determination time is the time interval used to evaluate abnormal drainage holes within a specified period. It depends on the operating cycle of the drainage system, the response time of the drainage holes, and the required sensitivity for detecting anomalies, and is typically set between 5 and 15 minutes. In this embodiment, it is set to 10 minutes to ensure system real-time performance while providing a sufficient time window to evaluate the location distribution of drainage holes, ensuring accurate identification of abnormal drainage holes.

[0101] The preset overlap threshold is a benchmark value used to determine the degree of overlap between the locations of the second temporary drainage holes. It depends on the distribution density of the drainage holes, the complexity of the drainage system, and the sensitivity requirements for abnormal situations, and is usually set between 0.6 and 0.9. In this embodiment, it is set to 0.75, which can effectively filter out second temporary drainage holes with highly overlapping locations, ensuring that only when the overlap is high will it be judged as an abnormal drainage hole.

[0102] By comprehensively considering the overlap of drainage hole locations and leakage volume, abnormal drainage holes can be identified more accurately, while avoiding misjudgments. By calculating the overlap, when the overlap is greater than or equal to a preset overlap threshold, these drainage holes are determined to be abnormal. Drainage holes with highly overlapping locations can be quickly identified. The high overlap of these drainage holes in the time series indicates high accuracy of the judgment. When the overlap is lower than the preset threshold, it is corrected according to the leakage volume of each overlapping drainage hole, further filtering out drainage holes that are truly abnormal. It considers both location information and leakage volume as a key indicator, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the judgment.

[0103] Please see Figure 4 As shown, this is a logic diagram for the first correction unit to correct abnormal drainage holes in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the first correction unit includes:

[0104] The leakage stability calculation subunit is used to calculate the standard deviation of all the leakage amounts within the preset anomaly determination time when the overlap is less than the preset overlap threshold, so as to obtain the leakage stability value.

[0105] The first correction subunit is connected to the leakage stability calculation subunit and is used to determine the overlapping drainage hole as the abnormal drainage hole when the leakage stability value is greater than the preset leakage stability threshold, so as to correct and obtain a number of abnormal drainage holes.

[0106] The preset leakage stability threshold is a benchmark value used to determine whether leakage fluctuations are abnormal. It depends on the normal leakage level of the drainage hole, the operating status of the drainage system, and the sensitivity requirements for abnormal leakage, and is usually set between 0.1 and 0.5. In this embodiment, it is set to 0.3 to avoid misjudgment caused by small leakage fluctuations, while still being able to detect potential leakage problems in a timely manner, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of the system's judgment.

[0107] By comprehensively considering both location overlap and leakage stability, abnormal drainage holes can be identified more accurately, while avoiding misjudgments caused by a single indicator. When the overlap is below a preset threshold, location information alone is insufficient to determine whether a drainage hole is abnormal; in this case, leakage stability becomes a crucial supplementary indicator. The leakage stability calculation subunit calculates the standard deviation of the leakage stability value. If this value exceeds the preset leakage stability threshold, it indicates significant leakage fluctuations, potentially suggesting structural problems or operational risks. Based on this, overlapping drainage holes are classified as abnormal, thus correcting the abnormal drainage hole identification result. In identifying abnormal drainage holes, not only location information but also the dynamic changes in leakage are considered, improving the accuracy and reliability of the judgment.

[0108] Specifically, the adjustment module includes:

[0109] The dispersion calculation unit is used to obtain the Euclidean distance between the location of each abnormal drainage hole and the coordinates of the preset reference point, obtain several reference distances, and calculate the standard deviation of all reference distances to obtain the dispersion.

[0110] A water pressure adjustment unit, connected to the dispersion calculation unit, is used to calculate the standard deviation of the arch water pressure of all the abnormal drainage holes when the dispersion is greater than a preset dispersion threshold, to obtain a water pressure fluctuation value. When the water pressure fluctuation value is greater than a preset water pressure fluctuation threshold, the unit reduces the preset water pressure threshold based on the relative deviation between the water pressure fluctuation value and the preset water pressure fluctuation threshold, and a preset water pressure adjustment coefficient, to obtain the adjusted water pressure threshold. , To adjust the water pressure threshold, To preset the water pressure threshold, To preset the water pressure adjustment coefficient, This represents the water pressure fluctuation value. The preset water pressure fluctuation threshold is used;

[0111] A correlation adjustment unit, connected to the water pressure adjustment unit, is used to adjust the preset correlation threshold based on the adjusted water pressure threshold and the average crack area to obtain the adjusted correlation threshold.

[0112] The preset reference point is a fixed coordinate point used to calculate the dispersion of abnormal drainage hole locations. It depends on the layout of the drainage system and the distribution of drainage holes. It is usually set in the core area of ​​the drainage system or the geometric center of the drainage hole distribution. In this embodiment, it is set as the center point of the drainage system, which can more intuitively assess the distribution of abnormal drainage holes, facilitate the calculation of dispersion, and improve the overall coordination and management efficiency of the system.

[0113] The preset dispersion threshold is a benchmark value used to determine the degree of dispersion of abnormal drainage hole locations. It depends on the distribution density of drainage holes and the layout complexity of the drainage system, and is usually set between 0.5 and 2.0. In this embodiment, it is set to 1.2, which can effectively distinguish the distribution of abnormal drainage holes. When the dispersion exceeds this value, it indicates that the abnormal drainage holes are relatively dispersed, and the water pressure threshold needs to be further adjusted to adapt to different operating conditions and improve the adaptability and reliability of the system.

[0114] The preset water pressure fluctuation threshold is a benchmark value used to determine whether the water pressure fluctuation at the top of an abnormal drainage tunnel is abnormal. It depends on the design water pressure range and operational safety requirements of the drainage tunnel, and is usually set between 0.1 MPa and 0.5 MPa. In this embodiment, it is set to 0.3 MPa, which can effectively identify abnormal drainage tunnels with large water pressure fluctuations and ensure that adjustments are made when the water pressure fluctuation is obviously abnormal.

[0115] The preset water pressure adjustment coefficient is a factor used to adjust the preset water pressure threshold. It depends on the operation strategy of the drainage system and the sensitivity requirements for water pressure adjustment, and is usually set between 0.1 and 0.5. In this embodiment, it is set to 0.2, which allows for appropriate adjustment according to water pressure fluctuations, improving the adaptability and flexibility of the system.

[0116] By comprehensively considering the dispersion of abnormal drainage holes, the fluctuation of water pressure at the arch, and the crack area, the water pressure threshold and correlation threshold can be dynamically adjusted. This allows for more precise adaptation to the operating status of the drainage system, improving its intelligence and operational efficiency. The distribution of abnormal drainage holes is assessed by calculating the Euclidean distance and standard deviation between the abnormal drainage holes and a preset reference point. When the dispersion exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates that the abnormal drainage holes are relatively dispersed. In this case, the water pressure adjustment unit further analyzes the fluctuation of water pressure at the arch. If the water pressure fluctuation exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates abnormal water pressure changes, requiring adjustment of the water pressure threshold to adapt to the current situation. Furthermore, based on the adjusted water pressure threshold and crack area, the correlation threshold is dynamically adjusted to more accurately identify drainage holes requiring attention. Parameters are dynamically adjusted based on real-time data, avoiding misjudgments or omissions caused by fixed thresholds, thus improving the system's adaptability and reliability.

[0117] Specifically, the relevance adjustment unit includes:

[0118] The area fluctuation calculation subunit is used to calculate the standard deviation of all the average crack areas to obtain the area fluctuation value;

[0119] A deviation calculation subunit, which is connected to the area fluctuation calculation subunit, is used to calculate the relative deviation between the area fluctuation value and the preset area fluctuation threshold when the area fluctuation value is equal to or equal to the preset area fluctuation threshold, so as to obtain the area fluctuation deviation.

[0120] A correlation adjustment subunit, connected to the deviation calculation subunit, is used to reduce the preset correlation threshold based on the relative deviation between the area fluctuation deviation and the preset area deviation threshold, and a preset correlation adjustment coefficient, when the area fluctuation deviation is greater than a preset area deviation threshold, to obtain the adjusted correlation threshold. , To adjust the relevance threshold, To preset the relevance threshold, To preset the relevance adjustment coefficient, For area fluctuation deviation, This is the preset area deviation threshold.

[0121] The preset area fluctuation threshold is a benchmark value used to determine whether the crack area fluctuation is abnormal. It depends on the structural characteristics of the drainage hole, the normal fluctuation range of the crack, and the sensitivity requirements for abnormal cracks, and is usually set between 0.1 and 0.5. In this embodiment, it is set to 0.3, which can effectively identify drainage holes with large crack area fluctuations, ensuring that the subsequent adjustment mechanism is only triggered when the crack area is obviously unstable, avoiding misjudgments caused by small crack area fluctuations, and improving the accuracy of the system's judgment.

[0122] The preset area deviation threshold is a benchmark value used to determine whether the area fluctuation deviation is abnormal. It depends on the crack characteristics of the drainage hole, the crack fluctuation range under normal operating conditions, and the sensitivity requirements for abnormal cracks, and is usually set between 0.1 and 0.3. In this embodiment, it is set to 0.2, which can effectively distinguish between normal and abnormal deviations in crack area fluctuations, ensuring that the correlation threshold is only adjusted when the deviation is large, avoiding frequent adjustments caused by normal fluctuations, and improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0123] The preset correlation adjustment coefficient is a factor used to adjust the preset correlation threshold. It depends on the drainage system's operating strategy, its sensitivity to changes in crack area, and the sensitivity requirements for adjusting the correlation threshold. It is usually set between 0.1 and 0.5. In this embodiment, it is set to 0.3, which allows for appropriate adjustment based on crack area fluctuations. This avoids system instability due to excessive adjustment or inability to effectively handle abnormal situations due to insufficient adjustment, thus improving the system's adaptability and flexibility.

[0124] By calculating the area fluctuation value, the dynamic change of the crack area is quantified, and the area fluctuation deviation is calculated. When the area fluctuation deviation exceeds the preset area deviation threshold, the preset correlation threshold is dynamically reduced according to the degree of deviation and the preset correlation adjustment coefficient. If the crack area fluctuation is large, it indicates that the crack is unstable and there may be structural problems or leakage risks. When the deviation exceeds the preset area deviation threshold, it indicates that the crack area fluctuation has exceeded the normal range, and abnormal drainage holes need to be screened more strictly. By reducing the correlation threshold, the system can more sensitively identify drainage holes with large crack area fluctuations and high correlation with leakage. It can flexibly adjust the correlation threshold according to the actual fluctuation of the crack area, avoiding misjudgment or omission due to fixed threshold, thereby more accurately identifying drainage holes that need attention.

[0125] Specifically, the drainage module includes:

[0126] The first drain valve adjustment unit is used to calculate the product of the average crack area and the preset unit crack water volume to obtain a certain risk water volume, and reduce the preset drain valve opening according to the product of the risk water volume and the preset unit water volume opening to obtain the corresponding adjustment drain valve opening.

[0127] The second drain valve adjustment unit, connected to the first drain valve adjustment unit, is used to compare the spare capacity and the risk water volume of the test drains adjacent to the abnormal drain. When the spare capacity is greater than or equal to the risk water volume, all the risk water volume of the abnormal drain is allocated to the test drains. When the spare capacity is less than the risk water volume, the difference between the risk water volume and the spare capacity is calculated to obtain the excess water volume, and the portion of the risk water volume equal to the spare capacity is allocated to the test drains. The spare capacity and excess water volume of the non-adjacent test drains closest to the abnormal drain are compared. When the excess water volume is less than or equal to the spare capacity, all the excess water volume is allocated to the test drain. When the excess water volume is greater than the spare capacity, the above steps are repeated until all the risk water volume of the abnormal drain is allocated to each test drain. The preset drain valve opening of each test drain is increased according to the product of the allocation amount of each test drain and the preset opening adjustment coefficient to obtain the corresponding adjusted drain valve opening.

[0128] The second correction unit is connected to the first drain valve adjustment unit and the second drain valve adjustment unit respectively, and is used to correct the opening degree of the adjusted drain valve of each drain hole to be tested according to the position of each abnormal drain hole and the position of each drain hole to be tested, so as to obtain a number of corresponding corrected drain valve opening degrees.

[0129] A drainage unit, which is connected to the first drainage valve adjustment unit and the second correction unit respectively, is used to operate the corresponding drainage valve according to all the adjusted drainage valve openings and all the corrected drainage valve openings, so as to distribute the water from the abnormal drainage hole to the drainage hole to be tested.

[0130] The allocation amount refers to the amount of water allocated to each of the drainage holes to be tested, including but not limited to risky water and excess water.

[0131] The preset unit crack water volume refers to the amount of drainage that needs to be reduced when a crack of a unit area appears in the drainage hole. It depends on the structural design of the drainage hole, the location and direction of the crack, the water pressure in the drainage hole, and the safety requirements of the drainage system, and is usually set between 0.01 m³ / m² and 0.1 m³ / m². In this embodiment, it is set to 0.05 m³ / m², which can accurately quantify the impact of cracks on drainage capacity, ensuring that the system can maintain safe operation by appropriately reducing the drainage volume when cracks appear, and avoiding safety problems caused by insufficient drainage capacity due to cracks.

[0132] The preset unit water volume opening degree is the drain valve opening degree corresponding to a unit water volume. It is used to quantify the degree to which the drain valve needs to be opened to handle a specific water volume. It depends on the characteristics of the drain valve, the flow requirements of the drainage system, and the design parameters of the drainage hole, and is typically set between 0.01% / m³ and 0.1% / m³. In this embodiment, it is set to 0.05% / m³, which allows for precise adjustment of the drain valve opening according to the unit water volume, ensuring efficient operation of the drainage system under different water volumes.

[0133] By calculating the product of the average crack area and the preset unit crack water volume, the risk water volume caused by cracks in each drainage hole is accurately assessed, thereby quantifying the impact of cracks on drainage capacity. Next, the opening of the drainage valve is dynamically adjusted based on the product of the risk water volume and the preset unit water volume opening, ensuring that the drainage system can accurately adjust according to the risk water volume caused by cracks, avoiding safety issues caused by insufficient drainage capacity. Further considering the spare capacity of the drainage holes under test, the drainage path is optimized and drainage efficiency is improved by allocating the risk water volume in stages. Combined with the location information of the drainage holes, the adjusted drainage valve opening is corrected to ensure the overall coordination and safety of the drainage system. The drainage valves are operated according to the adjusted and corrected openings to rationally distribute water from abnormal drainage holes to the drainage holes under test. This ensures that the drainage system operates efficiently under different operating conditions, avoiding local overload and drainage obstruction, while improving the system's flexibility and adaptability, and enhancing the overall performance and reliability of the drainage system.

[0134] Specifically, the second correction unit includes:

[0135] The cluster value determination subunit is used to cluster according to the location coordinates of each abnormal drainage hole to obtain several clusters, and to calculate the ratio of the number of abnormal drainage holes in the coverage area of ​​each cluster to the number of drainage holes to be tested, to obtain several cluster values.

[0136] The second correction subunit, which is connected to the cluster value determination subunit, is used to correct the opening degree of the adjusted drainage valve of all the drainage holes to be tested within the cluster coverage area to the preset drainage valve opening degree when the cluster value is greater than the preset cluster value threshold, so as to obtain a number of corresponding corrected drainage valve opening degrees.

[0137] The number of drainage holes to be tested within the coverage area of ​​each cluster is not less than the preset number of drainage holes.

[0138] The preset cluster threshold is a benchmark value used to judge the risk level within a cluster. It depends on the safety design standards of the drainage system, the distribution density of drainage holes, and the sensitivity requirements for abnormal situations, and is usually set between 0.3 and 0.7. In this embodiment, it is set to 0.6. When it exceeds 0.6, it indicates that there are relatively many abnormal drainage holes in the cluster, and the risk of the drainage hole to be tested in the cluster is high. It is necessary to correct the opening of the drainage valve of the drainage hole to be tested to the preset drainage valve opening to ensure the safe operation of the system.

[0139] The preset number of drainage holes refers to the minimum number of drainage holes to be tested that each cluster must contain during cluster analysis. This number depends on the scale of the drainage system, the density of drainage holes, and the required accuracy of the clustering results, and is typically set between 3 and 5. In this embodiment, it is set to 3 to ensure that each cluster has enough drainage holes to participate in the analysis, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the clustering results. Simultaneously, it avoids misjudgments caused by an insufficient number of drainage holes in the cluster, ensuring the stability and security of the system.

[0140] By using cluster analysis and cluster value assessment, high-risk areas are accurately identified, and the opening of the drainage valves of the drainage holes to be tested in these areas is effectively corrected to ensure the safety and stability of the drainage system. By comparing the cluster value with a preset cluster value threshold, when the cluster value exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates that there are relatively many abnormal drainage holes in the cluster. The drainage holes to be tested within the cluster's coverage area are surrounded by abnormal drainage holes, indicating a high risk of overload. The opening of the drainage valves of all drainage holes to be tested within the cluster is corrected to the preset value to ensure that these drainage holes maintain their initial drainage capacity while avoiding drainage problems or structural damage caused by excessive local risks.

[0141] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: include: The data acquisition module is used to collect data in real time during continuous heavy rain, including the spare capacity of each drainage tunnel under test, the water pressure at the arch, the leakage between the lining and the surrounding rock, and the average crack area on the lining surface. The first determination module is connected to the acquisition module and is used to determine a number of first temporary drainage holes based on the arch water pressure and a preset water pressure threshold. The second determination module is connected to the acquisition module and the first determination module respectively, and is used to determine a number of second temporary drainage holes based on the available capacity and leakage amount of each of the first temporary drainage holes and a preset correlation threshold. An anomaly determination module is connected to the acquisition module and the second determination module respectively, and is used to determine a number of abnormal drainage holes based on the location distribution of each of the second temporary drainage holes and the leakage amount. An adjustment module, which is connected to the acquisition module and the anomaly determination module respectively, is used to adjust the preset water pressure threshold according to the location distribution of each of the abnormal drainage holes and the water pressure of the arch, to obtain an adjusted water pressure threshold, and adjust the preset correlation threshold based on the adjusted water pressure threshold and the average crack area, to obtain an adjusted correlation threshold. A drainage module, connected to the anomaly determination module, is used to adjust the opening degree of a corresponding preset drainage valve based on the average crack area of ​​each of the abnormal drainage holes and the spare capacity of each of the drainage holes to be tested, obtained again based on the adjusted correlation threshold, so as to distribute and discharge water.

2. The IoT-based intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first determination module includes: The duration determination unit is used to determine the duration based on the comparison result between the arch water pressure and the preset water pressure threshold. The first determination unit is connected to the duration determination unit and is used to determine a number of first temporary drainage holes from all the drainage holes to be tested based on the comparison result between the duration and the preset duration threshold.

3. The IoT-based intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second determination module includes: A temporary fluctuation calculation unit is used to calculate several capacity fluctuation values ​​based on the available capacity within a preset determination period, and to calculate several leakage fluctuation values ​​based on the leakage amount within the preset determination period. The second determination unit is connected to the temporary fluctuation calculation unit and is used to determine a number of second temporary drainage holes based on all the capacity fluctuation values, all the leakage fluctuation values ​​and the preset correlation threshold.

4. The IoT-based intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second determination unit includes: A correlation calculation subunit is used to calculate the absolute value of correlation based on all the capacity fluctuation values ​​and all the leakage fluctuation values; The second determination subunit, which is connected to the correlation calculation subunit, is used to determine a number of second temporary drainage holes from all the first temporary drainage holes based on the comparison result of the absolute value of the correlation and the preset correlation threshold.

5. The IoT-based intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, The anomaly determination module includes: The overlap calculation unit is used to calculate the overlap based on the positions of all the second temporary drainage holes within a preset anomaly determination time. An anomaly determination unit, which is connected to the overlap calculation unit, is used to determine several abnormal drainage holes from all the second temporary drainage holes based on the comparison result of the overlap degree and the preset overlap degree threshold. The first correction unit is connected to the overlap calculation unit and is used to correct several abnormal drainage holes based on the comparison result of the overlap degree and the preset overlap degree threshold and the leakage amount of each overlapping drainage hole. The overlapping drainage holes are the overlapping portions of all the second temporary drainage holes within the preset anomaly determination time.

6. The IoT-based intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first correction unit includes: The leakage stability calculation subunit is used to calculate the leakage stability value based on the comparison result between the overlap degree and the preset overlap degree threshold, according to the preset anomaly determination time period for all the leakage amounts. The first correction subunit, which is connected to the leakage stability calculation subunit, is used to correct several abnormal drainage holes from all the overlapping drainage holes based on the comparison result of the leakage stability value and the preset leakage stability threshold.

7. The IoT-based intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adjustment module includes: A dispersion calculation unit is used to calculate the dispersion based on the location of all the abnormal drainage holes; A water pressure adjustment unit, which is connected to the dispersion calculation unit, is used to adjust the preset water pressure threshold based on the comparison result of the dispersion and the preset dispersion threshold, according to the arch water pressure of all the abnormal drainage holes and the preset water pressure fluctuation threshold, to obtain the adjusted water pressure threshold. A correlation adjustment unit, connected to the water pressure adjustment unit, is used to adjust the preset correlation threshold based on the adjusted water pressure threshold and the average crack area to obtain the adjusted correlation threshold.

8. The IoT-based intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that, The correlation adjustment unit includes: An area fluctuation calculation subunit is used to calculate the area fluctuation value based on all the average crack areas; A deviation calculation subunit, which is connected to the area fluctuation calculation subunit, is used to calculate the area fluctuation deviation based on the comparison result between the area fluctuation value and the preset area fluctuation threshold. A correlation adjustment subunit, which is connected to the deviation calculation subunit, is used to adjust the preset correlation threshold based on the comparison result of the area fluctuation deviation and the preset area deviation threshold, so as to obtain the adjusted correlation threshold.

9. The IoT-based intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drainage module includes: The first drain valve adjustment unit is used to determine a number of risk water volumes based on the average crack area of ​​each of the abnormal drain holes, and adjust the preset drain valve opening of each abnormal drain hole according to each risk water volume to obtain the corresponding adjusted drain valve opening. The second drain valve adjustment unit is connected to the first drain valve adjustment unit. It is used to determine the allocated water volume of each drain hole to be tested based on the comparison result of the spare capacity and the risk water volume of the drain hole to be tested adjacent to the abnormal drain hole, and adjust the preset drain valve opening of each drain hole to be tested according to the allocated water volume to obtain a number of corresponding adjusted drain valve openings. The second correction unit is connected to the first drain valve adjustment unit and the second drain valve adjustment unit respectively, and is used to correct the opening degree of the adjusted drain valve of each drain hole to be tested according to the position of each abnormal drain hole and the position of each drain hole to be tested, so as to obtain a number of corresponding corrected drain valve opening degrees. A drainage unit, which is connected to the first drainage valve adjustment unit and the second correction unit respectively, is used to operate the corresponding drainage valve according to all the adjusted drainage valve openings and all the corrected drainage valve openings, so as to distribute the water from the abnormal drainage hole to the drainage hole to be tested.

10. The IoT-based intelligent drainage system for drainage tunnels according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second correction unit includes: The cluster value determination subunit is used to determine several clusters based on the location coordinates of each abnormal drainage hole, and to determine several cluster values ​​based on the number of all abnormal drainage holes within the coverage area of ​​each cluster and the number of all drainage holes to be tested. The second correction subunit is connected to the cluster value determination subunit and is used to correct the opening degree of the adjustment drain valve of each of the drainage holes to be tested according to the comparison result of the cluster value and the preset cluster value threshold, so as to obtain a number of corresponding corrected drain valve opening degrees. The number of drainage holes to be tested within the coverage area of ​​each cluster is not less than the preset number of drainage holes.

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