Anti-backlash device for tool rest of machine tool

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-backlash device for a tool rest of a machine tool, the tool rest of the machine tool comprises a first bevel gear, the device comprises a meshing mechanism meshed with the first bevel gear, a connecting mechanism relatively fixed with the meshing mechanism, and a piston mechanism arranged on the connecting mechanism, the driving mechanism is used for driving the piston mechanism to move in the axial direction so that the meshing mechanism can be attached to the first bevel gear in a staggered mode or the meshing mechanism and the first bevel gear can be separated from each other. The meshing mechanism comprises a shaft body and a second bevel gear, the shaft body and the connecting mechanism are relatively fixed together, and the second bevel gear is arranged on the shaft body in a sleeving mode and is allowed to be matched with the first bevel gear. In this way, clearance elimination can be carried out on the gear transmission chain in the tool rest box, so that vibration and noise in the machining process can be effectively reduced, the surface roughness of a machined workpiece is improved, efficiency is improved, and the service life of the blade is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool tool rests, and in particular to a backlash eliminating device for a machine tool tool rest. Background Art

[0002] During machine tool part machining, the cutting tools on the tool holder often need to be replaced according to the part's processing technology. Due to the gaps in the gear transmission within the tool holder, the cutting process often generates relatively large vibrations and noise, which not only seriously reduces the tool life but also affects the surface quality of the workpiece being machined. The noise also pollutes the environment and affects the health of workers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a backlash elimination device for a machine tool tool holder. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A backlash eliminating device for a machine tool tool holder, the machine tool tool holder comprising a first helical gear, The device includes a meshing mechanism for meshing with the first helical gear, a connecting mechanism fixed relatively to the meshing mechanism, and a piston mechanism arranged on the connecting mechanism. It also includes a driving mechanism for driving the piston mechanism to move in the axial direction so that the meshing mechanism and the first helical gear are misaligned and fit together, or allowing the meshing mechanism and the first helical gear to be disengaged from each other. The meshing mechanism includes a shaft body for being fixed relatively to the connecting mechanism, and a second helical gear sleeved on the shaft body and allowing to cooperate with the first helical gear.

[0004] Furthermore, the piston mechanism includes a accommodating portion mounted on the connecting mechanism, and a receiving portion connected to the accommodating portion and mounted on the driving mechanism. The driving mechanism is configured to allow fluid to be transported into the receiving portion, so that the receiving portion pushes the accommodating portion under the action of the fluid to drive the connecting mechanism and the meshing mechanism to move closer to the first bevel gear, thereby causing the second bevel gear and the first bevel gear to be staggered and fitted together.

[0005] Furthermore, the device also includes a shell fixedly mounted on the piston mechanism in a sealed manner, the shell being configured to allow a closed chamber to be formed together with the piston mechanism, and the driving mechanism being configured to allow fluid to be input into the chamber and to cause the piston mechanism to move away from the first bevel gear under the action of the fluid, so that the second bevel gear and the first bevel gear are disengaged.

[0006] Furthermore, a force-bearing part is provided on the receiving part, and the force-bearing part is constructed to allow it to be sealed against the shell and form a chamber together with the shell, so that the fluid in the chamber can exert a force on the force-bearing part, thereby driving the force-bearing part to move.

[0007] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a first liquid injection part arranged on the shell and communicated with the chamber, a fixed part arranged at the free end of the shell and fixed relative to the shell, a guide part extending into the receiving part and sealedly connected to the receiving part is provided on the fixed part, the guide part and the receiving part together constitute a cavity for receiving fluid, and a second liquid injection part is also provided on the fixed part and communicated with the cavity for adding fluid into the cavity, so that the receiving part moves along the guide part under the action of the fluid.

[0008] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided between the guiding portion and the receiving portion to seal the fluid from the second liquid injection portion in the cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the connecting mechanism includes a connecting shaft fixed relative to the shaft body, and a first bearing sleeved on the connecting shaft and allowing the first bearing to abut against the accommodating portion.

[0010] Furthermore, the device also includes a limiting mechanism for limiting the movement of the piston mechanism, and the limiting mechanism includes a fastening bolt that passes through the fixing portion, extends onto the piston mechanism, and is relatively fixed to the piston mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the free end of the fastening bolt is arranged into a polygonal structure, and the limiting mechanism also includes an anti-rotation part that is relatively fixed to the fixed part in a selective manner to limit the circumferential movement of the fastening bolt, and the anti-rotation part includes an anti-rotation part arranged in a "U" shape, and a screw for fixing the anti-rotation part on the fixed part, and the radial inner distance of the anti-rotation part is constructed to prevent the free end of the bolt from rotating.

[0012] Furthermore, the device also includes a box body for accommodating the shell and the driving mechanism, and a connecting flange for fixing the shell in the box body.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention is provided with a meshing mechanism for meshing with the first helical gear on the tool holder of the machine tool, a connecting mechanism relatively fixed to the meshing mechanism, and a piston mechanism provided on the connecting mechanism. It also includes a driving mechanism for driving the piston mechanism to move in the axial direction so that the meshing mechanism and the first helical gear are misaligned and fitted, or the meshing mechanism and the first helical gear are allowed to disengage from each other. The meshing mechanism includes a shaft body relatively fixed to the connecting mechanism, and a second helical gear sleeved on the shaft body and allowed to cooperate with the first helical gear. In this way, the gear transmission chain inside the tool holder box can be eliminated, thereby effectively reducing vibration and noise during the processing, improving the surface roughness of the processed workpiece, and improving efficiency and blade service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples: Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of a backlash elimination device for a machine tool tool holder according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the backlash elimination device for a machine tool tool holder according to an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0015] In the above drawings: backlash eliminating device 100, meshing mechanism 1, shaft 11, second helical gear 12, connecting mechanism 2, connecting shaft 21, first bearing 22, piston mechanism 3, accommodating portion 31, receiving portion 32, force-bearing portion 321, cavity 33, driving mechanism 4, first liquid injection portion 41, second liquid injection portion 42, guide portion 43, fixing portion 44, housing 5, chamber 51, sealing portion 52, limiting mechanism 6, fastening bolt 61, anti-rotation portion 62, anti-rotation member 621, screw 622, housing 7, connecting flange 8, sealing ring 9, rotating shaft 20, gear 201 DETAILED DESCRIPTION The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the following further describes in detail a backlash eliminating device for a machine tool tool holder according to the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0017] A machine tool tool holder typically includes a first bevel gear. Figure 1 The overall structure of a backlash elimination device for a machine tool tool holder according to the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the backlash eliminating device 100 for a machine tool tool rest includes an engagement mechanism 1 , which is configured to cooperate with the first helical gear so that the engagement mechanism 1 and the first helical gear can mesh with each other.

[0018] At the same time, if Figure 1As shown, the device 100 further includes a connecting mechanism 2, which extends axially along the meshing mechanism 1 and allows for relative fixation with the meshing mechanism 1. A piston mechanism 3 is also provided on the connecting mechanism 2 to drive the meshing mechanism 1 and the connecting mechanism 2 in axial motion. In this manner, the meshing mechanism 1 and the first helical gear can be staggered and engaged to achieve backlash elimination, or disengaged to achieve tool change.

[0019] In addition, if Figure 1 As shown, the device 100 further includes a drive mechanism 4 configured to drive the piston mechanism 3 in an axial direction. In this manner, the drive mechanism 4 applies a force to the piston mechanism 3 during operation, causing the piston mechanism 3 to drive the connecting mechanism 2 and the meshing mechanism 1 toward or away from the first helical gear. This allows backlash elimination or tool change operations to be achieved.

[0020] In the illustrated embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the meshing mechanism 1 includes a shaft 11 for relative fixation with the connecting mechanism 2, and a second helical gear 12 sleeved on the shaft 11 and adapted to engage with the first helical gear. In this configuration, when backlash elimination is required on the first helical gear using the device 100, the drive mechanism 4 is first activated. During this process, the drive mechanism 4 applies a force to the piston mechanism 3, causing the piston mechanism 3 to move closer to the first helical gear under this force.

[0021] At this time, the piston mechanism 3 drives the connecting mechanism 2 and the shaft 11 to move toward the first helical gear, causing the second helical gear 12 on the shaft 11 to engage with the first helical gear in a staggered manner. As a result, the first helical gear and the second helical gear 12 fit together, thereby achieving a backlash elimination operation on the first helical gear.

[0022] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the piston mechanism 3 includes a receiving portion 31, which is configured to be sleeved onto the connecting mechanism 2 and fixed relative to the connecting mechanism 2. In this way, the contact area between the piston mechanism 2 and the connecting mechanism 2 can be increased, thereby further stably connecting the piston mechanism 3 and the connecting mechanism 2.

[0023] At the same time, if Figure 2As shown, the piston mechanism 3 further includes a receiving portion 32, which is arranged to be fixed relative to the receiving portion 31 and sleeved on the drive mechanism 4. In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 4 is configured to allow fluid to be delivered into the receiving portion 32, so that the receiving portion 32 moves along the drive mechanism 4 under the force of the fluid, thereby pushing the receiving portion 31, driving the connecting mechanism 2 and the meshing mechanism 1 to move closer to the first helical gear, thereby causing the second helical gear 12 to be offset and aligned with the first helical gear.

[0024] In one embodiment, Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the device 100 further includes a housing 5, which is sealedly mounted on the piston mechanism 3 and together with the piston mechanism 3 forms a sealed chamber 51. The drive mechanism 4 is configured to allow fluid to be input into the chamber 51. It should be noted that the chamber 51 is configured such that, when fluid is present therein, the fluid exerts a force on the piston mechanism 3 to move away from the first helical gear.

[0025] In this way, as the fluid continues to enter the chamber 51, it will continue to exert force on the piston mechanism 3, causing the piston mechanism 3 to move away from the first bevel gear. This in turn causes the piston mechanism 3 to drive the connecting mechanism 2 and the shaft 11 to move away from the first bevel gear, until the second bevel gear 12 and the first bevel gear are disengaged. This allows the second bevel gear 12 to no longer limit the first bevel gear, thereby enabling the tool change operation.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, a radially outwardly extending force-bearing portion 321 is provided on the receiving portion 32. Simultaneously, a radially inwardly extending sealing portion 52 is provided on the housing 5. The piston mechanism 3 and the housing 5 are connected together in a sealed manner, with the force-bearing portion 321 and the sealing portion 52 forming a chamber 51. Furthermore, the force-bearing portion 321 is configured to allow movement along the housing.

[0027] In this arrangement, as the fluid continues to enter the chamber 51, it will continuously exert a force on the force-bearing portion 321 and the sealing portion 52. Since the housing 5 is fixedly mounted on the piston mechanism 3, the force of the fluid will be continuously transmitted to the force-bearing portion 321, driving the force-bearing portion 321 to move along the housing 5. As a result, the piston mechanism 3 can be moved in a direction away from the first bevel gear.

[0028] In one embodiment, Figure 1As shown, the drive mechanism 4 includes a first liquid injection portion 41, which is disposed on the housing 5 and communicates with the chamber 51. The first liquid injection portion 41 is configured to allow fluid to be injected into the chamber 51. In this embodiment, the fluid is hydraulic oil. In this manner, the fluid in the chamber 51 can exert a force on the force-bearing portion 321, thereby driving the force-bearing portion 321 to move along the housing until the second helical gear 12 and the first helical gear are disengaged.

[0029] At the same time, if Figure 2 As shown, the driving mechanism 4 also includes a fixing portion 44 arranged at the free end of the shell 5 and fixed relative to the shell 5. A guide portion 43 is also provided on the fixing portion 44. The guide portion 43 extends into the receiving portion 32 and is sealed and connected to the receiving portion 32.

[0030] In this way, the guide portion 43 and the receiving portion 32 together form a cavity 33 for receiving fluid. Furthermore, a second liquid injection portion 43 is provided on the fixed portion 44. This second liquid injection portion 43 communicates with the cavity 33 and is used to add fluid into the cavity 33. Thus, the receiving portion 32 can be moved along the guide portion 43 under the action of the fluid until the second helical gear 12 and the first helical gear are offset and abutted together.

[0031] In this configuration, when the device 100 needs to eliminate backlash on the first helical gear, the second liquid injection portion 43 is first activated and continuously injects fluid into the cavity 33. As the fluid continues to enter the cavity 33, the fluid exerts a force on the receiving portion 32, causing the receiving portion 32 to move along the guide portion 43 toward the first helical gear under the action of the fluid.

[0032] During this process, the guide portion 43 drives the connecting mechanism 2 and the shaft 11 toward the first helical gear until the second helical gear 12 and the first helical gear are offset and abutted against each other. At this point, the second liquid injection portion 43 maintains pressure within the cavity 33, thereby eliminating backlash on the first helical gear.

[0033] However, when it is necessary to disengage the device 100 from the first bevel gear to enable the first bevel gear to perform a tool change operation, the pressure applied by the second liquid injection part 43 to the cavity 33 is first canceled. At the same time, the first liquid injection part 41 is activated and continuously injects fluid into the chamber 51.

[0034] As the fluid continues to enter the chamber 51, it continuously applies force to the force-bearing portion 321, driving it along the housing 5. This causes the piston mechanism 3 to move away from the first helical gear, further moving the connecting mechanism 2 and the shaft 11 away from the first helical gear, until the second helical gear 12 and the first helical gear disengage. At this point, the second liquid injection portion 43 maintains its pressure on the cavity 33, thereby eliminating backlash on the first helical gear.

[0035] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the device 100 further includes a sealing ring 9, which is provided in plurality and is respectively located between the guide portion 43 and the receiving portion 32, and between the force-bearing portion 321 and the housing 5. In this way, the fluid from the second liquid injection portion 43 can be sealed in the cavity 33, and the fluid from the first liquid injection portion 41 can also be sealed in the chamber 51.

[0036] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the connecting mechanism 2 includes a connecting shaft 21 fixed relative to the shaft body 11, and a first bearing 22 sleeved on the connecting shaft 21 and allowing abutment with the receiving portion 31. It should be noted that the specific structure and function of the connecting mechanism 2 are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0037] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the device 100 further includes a limiting mechanism 6 configured to limit the movement of the piston mechanism 3. In this embodiment, the limiting mechanism 6 includes a fastening bolt 61 that passes through the fixing portion 44 and extends onto the piston mechanism 3, thereby securing the piston mechanism 3 relative to the fixing portion 44. In this manner, the fastening bolt 61 secures the piston mechanism 3 and the fixing portion 44 relative to each other, thereby preventing movement of the piston mechanism 3.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the free end of the fastening bolt 61 is configured into a polygonal structure. Meanwhile, the limiting mechanism 6 further includes an anti-rotation portion 62. In this embodiment, the anti-rotation portion 62 is selectively fixed relative to the fixing portion 44 to limit the circumferential movement of the fastening bolt 61.

[0039] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1As shown, the axial distance between the piston mechanism 3 and the drive mechanism 4 is set to "N," while the distance between the fastening bolt 61 and the anti-rotation member 621 is set to "M." In this embodiment, "N>M" is defined. This prevents the piston mechanism 3 and the drive mechanism 4 from abutting against each other when the fastening bolt 61 and the anti-rotation member 621 abut each other. This prevents friction between the piston mechanism 3 and the drive mechanism 4, which could damage them.

[0040] In the illustrated embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the anti-rotation portion 62 includes a U-shaped anti-rotation member 621 and a screw 622 for securing the anti-rotation member 621 to the fixing portion 44. The radially inner distance of the anti-rotation member 621 is configured to prevent the free end of the bolt 61 from rotating. Specifically, the radial distance between the free end of the fastening bolt 61 is set to "S," while the radial inner distance between the anti-rotation member 621 and the fixing portion 44 is set to "L," where L = S + 0.2 mm. In this way, the anti-rotation member 621 limits circumferential rotation of the fastening bolt 61.

[0041] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the device 100 further includes a housing 7 for accommodating the housing 5 and the drive mechanism 4, and a connecting flange 8 for securing the housing 5 within the housing 7. The structures of the housing 7 and the connecting flange 8 and the connection therebetween are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be further described herein.

[0042] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the device 100 further includes a rotating shaft 20 disposed within the shaft body 11, and a gear 201 disposed on the rotating shaft 20. The gear 201 is configured to mesh with a machine tool (not shown). It should be noted that the meshing relationship between the rotating shaft 20 and the gear 201 and the machine tool, as well as the transmission relationship, are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be further described here.

[0043] The operation of the backlash eliminating device 100 for a tool post of a machine tool according to the present invention is as follows.

[0044] When the device 100 needs to eliminate backlash on the first helical gear, the second liquid injection portion 43 is first activated and continuously injects fluid into the cavity 33. As the fluid continues to enter the cavity 33, the fluid exerts a force on the receiving portion 32, causing the receiving portion 32 to move along the guide portion 43 toward the first helical gear under the action of the fluid.

[0045] During this process, the guide portion 43 drives the connecting mechanism 2 and the shaft 11 toward the first helical gear until the second helical gear 12 and the first helical gear are offset and abutted against each other. At this point, the second liquid injection portion 43 maintains pressure within the cavity 33, thereby eliminating backlash on the first helical gear.

[0046] However, when it is necessary to disengage the device 100 from the first bevel gear to enable the first bevel gear to perform a tool change operation, the pressure applied by the second liquid injection part 43 to the cavity 33 is first canceled. At the same time, the first liquid injection part 41 is activated and continuously injects fluid into the chamber 51.

[0047] As the fluid continues to enter the chamber 51, it continuously applies force to the force-bearing portion 321, driving it along the housing 5. This causes the piston mechanism 3 to move away from the first helical gear, further moving the connecting mechanism 2 and the shaft 11 away from the first helical gear, until the second helical gear 12 and the first helical gear disengage. At this point, the second liquid injection portion 43 maintains its pressure on the cavity 33, thereby eliminating backlash on the first helical gear.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A backlash eliminating device for a machine tool tool post, the machine tool tool post comprising a first helical gear, It is characterized by: The device (100) comprises a meshing mechanism (1) for meshing with a first helical gear, a connecting mechanism (2) fixed relative to the meshing mechanism (1), and a piston mechanism (3) arranged on the connecting mechanism (2). It also includes a driving mechanism (4) for driving the piston mechanism (3) to move in the axial direction so as to cause the meshing mechanism (1) to engage with the first helical gear in a misaligned manner, or to allow the meshing mechanism (1) and the first helical gear to disengage from each other. The meshing mechanism (1) includes a shaft (11) for being fixed relative to the connecting mechanism (2), and a second helical gear (12) sleeved on the shaft (11) and allowing mutual engagement with the first helical gear.

2. The backlash eliminating device for a machine tool tool rest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston mechanism (3) comprises a housing portion (31) sleeved on the connecting mechanism (2), and a receiving portion (32) connected to the housing portion (31) and sleeved on the driving mechanism (4). The driving mechanism (4) is configured to allow fluid to be transported into the receiving portion (32), so that the receiving portion (32) pushes the housing portion (31) under the action of the fluid, driving the connecting mechanism (2) and the meshing mechanism (1) to move closer to the first helical gear, thereby causing the second helical gear (12) to be misaligned and fitted with the first helical gear.

3. The backlash eliminating device for a machine tool tool rest according to claim 2, characterized in that: The device (100) further comprises a housing (5) fixedly mounted on the piston mechanism (3) in a sealed manner, the housing (5) being configured to allow the housing (5) and the piston mechanism (3) to form a sealed chamber (51), and the driving mechanism (4) being configured to allow fluid to be input into the chamber (51) and to cause the piston mechanism (3) to move away from the first helical gear under the action of the fluid, thereby causing the second helical gear (12) to disengage from the first helical gear.

4. The backlash eliminating device for a machine tool tool rest according to claim 3, characterized in that: A force-bearing portion (321) is provided on the receiving portion (32). The force-bearing portion (321) is configured to allow sealed contact with the housing (5) and to form a chamber (51) with the housing (5), so that the fluid in the chamber (51) can exert a force on the force-bearing portion (321), thereby driving the force-bearing portion (321) to move.

5. The backlash eliminating device for a machine tool tool rest according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (4) comprises a first liquid injection portion (41) provided on the housing (5) and interconnected with the chamber (51), a fixing portion (44) provided at the free end of the housing (5) and fixed relative to the housing (5), a guide portion (43) extending into the receiving portion (32) and sealedly connected to the receiving portion (32) provided on the fixing portion (44), the guide portion (43) and the receiving portion (32) together forming a cavity (33) for receiving a fluid, and a second liquid injection portion (43) communicating with the cavity (33) for adding a fluid into the cavity (33) provided on the fixing portion (44), so that the receiving portion (32) moves along the guide portion (43) under the action of the fluid.

6. The backlash eliminating device for a machine tool tool rest according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sealing ring (9) is also provided between the guide portion (43) and the receiving portion (32) to seal the fluid from the second liquid injection portion (43) in the cavity (33).

7. The backlash eliminating device for a machine tool tool rest according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism (2) comprises a connecting shaft (21) fixed relative to the shaft body (11), and a first bearing (22) sleeved on the connecting shaft (21) and allowing the first bearing (22) to abut against the accommodating portion (31).

8. The backlash eliminating device for a machine tool tool rest according to claim 7, characterized in that: The device (100) further includes a limiting mechanism (6) for limiting the movement of the piston mechanism (3), wherein the limiting mechanism (6) includes a fastening bolt (61) that penetrates the fixing portion (44), extends onto the piston mechanism (3), and is relatively fixed to the piston mechanism (3).

9. The backlash eliminating device for a machine tool tool rest according to claim 8, characterized in that: The free end of the fastening bolt (61) is configured to have a polygonal structure. The limiting mechanism (6) further comprises an anti-rotation portion (62) selectively fixed to the fixing portion (44) for limiting the circumferential movement of the fastening bolt (61). The anti-rotation portion (62) comprises an anti-rotation member (621) configured to be U-shaped, and a screw (622) for fixing the anti-rotation member (621) to the fixing portion (44). The radial inner distance of the anti-rotation member (621) is configured to prevent the free end of the bolt (61) from rotating.

10. The backlash eliminating device for a machine tool tool post according to claim 9, characterized in that: The device (100) further comprises a box body (7) for accommodating the housing (5) and the driving mechanism (4), and a connecting flange (8) for fixing the housing (5) in the box body (7).

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