Cross-border mining identification and accurate positioning method based on all-weather wireless blasting vibration system

Abstract

The invention relates to a cross-border mining identification and accurate positioning method based on an all-weather wireless blasting vibration system, and the method comprises the steps: arranging a plurality of wireless blasting vibration monitoring devices, namely vibration measurement points, at the periphery of a mine, monitoring vibration signals generated by blasting mining in an all-weather manner, and calculating the time difference of the vibration signals reaching each measurement point; calculating an average value of wave velocity components of rock masses in a plurality of groups of mining areas by utilizing a one-way linear distance between two measuring points; the one-way distance between the blasting area and each measuring point can be obtained, and the spatial distance between the blasting area and each measuring point can be obtained by repeating the operation in three orthogonal directions; drawing by taking each measuring point as the center of sphere and the spatial distance as the radius; by analyzing data to obtain an intersection, inverting a three-dimensional space model of a blasting area and comparing with a construction scheme, whether a border-crossing mining behavior exists or not is determined, the border-crossing mining direction is determined, and quick positioning, timely stopping and economic claim for border-crossing mining are carried out. The method has the remarkable advantages of accuracy, convenience and relatively low cost, and the safety supervision efficiency of mineral resources is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of microseismic monitoring, and in particular to a method for identifying and accurately locating over-boundary mining based on an all-weather wireless blasting vibration system. Background Art

[0002] As a pillar industry of my country's national economy, demand for mineral resources is growing. Since mining operations take place underground, real-time supervision is difficult. Consequently, not only can companies potentially engage in erroneous mining, but some may also exploit regulatory loopholes to engage in illegal and excessive mining. Such behavior not only results in the loss of mineral resources, but also violates relevant laws and regulations and can easily lead to safety accidents. Existing mining monitoring methods are primarily based on two core technologies: microseismic positioning and 4D time-lapse imaging.

[0003] Microseismic location technology uses the absolute and relative arrival times of microseismic events to pinpoint the location of these events. The volume of mining environmental data is enormous, and traditional manual processing is prone to missed detections or misjudgments. Automatic identification technology, on the other hand, requires extensive data training, high real-time performance, and significant computational resource consumption. Furthermore, the associated equipment requires high precision and is expensive to purchase and maintain, making it unsuitable for large-scale engineering applications.

[0004] 4D time-lapse seismic imaging uses the arrival time difference data of event pairs at the same station to perform a joint inversion of earthquake locations and velocity structures. This method determines the velocity variations of the subsurface medium over time, thereby quantifying the extent of over-the-horizon mining activity. However, this technology requires equipment with a long data acquisition cycle, complex data processing, and relatively high operational requirements and costs, making it unsuitable for widespread engineering application.

[0005] Therefore, it is difficult to use existing identification technologies and methods to supervise mining activities in large-scale mining areas. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to existing problems, the present invention provides an accurate, convenient and economical method for identifying and locating over-boundary mining in underground mines.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following scheme, and the specific steps of the scheme are:

[0008] A method for identifying and accurately locating out-of-bounds mining based on an all-weather wireless blasting vibration system comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. Arrange N (N≥5) seismic wave vibration monitoring points at different locations around the mine according to the location of the mine area and install all-weather wireless blasting vibration triaxial sensors at the monitoring points;

[0010] S2, measure and calculate the one-way straight-line distance between two monitoring points in the x, y, and z directions, where the one-way distance between measuring point i and measuring point j in the x, y, and z directions is dx ij ,dy ij ,dz ij , i, j∈(1, 2, 3..., N) and i≠j;

[0011] S3, the sensors at each measuring point are jointly timed, and the starting time of the vibration monitoring equipment waveform is recorded as the initial time t0, and is unified with the detonation time;

[0012] S4. Select any three different measuring points i, j, and k from the N measuring points as the first group of measuring points, analyze the seismic wave vibration time history curve of each selected monitoring point, record the time when the seismic wave first appears at the different measuring points, and use it as the time t required for the seismic wave to propagate to the measuring points i, j, and k. i , t j , t k ;

[0013] S5, based on the distance between the measuring points in S2 and the time t measured in step S4 i , t j , t k , it is easy to calculate multiple groups of rock mass wave velocity components between the three measuring points and take the average value to obtain the average value of the wave velocity components in the x, y, and z directions and

[0014] S6. Based on the average value of the wave velocity component measured by S4, the spatial distance component of the explosion area from the measuring point i in the x, y, and z directions is obtained. The formula is: Combine the spatial distances of the explosion zone relative to the measuring points i, j, and k in the x, y, and z directions to obtain the spatial distances R from the explosion zone to the measuring points i, j, and k respectively. i 、R j 、R k ; Take the space distance corresponding to the measuring points i, j, and k as the sphere center and draw a three-dimensional sphere. The intersection of the space areas of each sphere is the possible explosion area.

[0015] S7. Reselect a set of measuring points from the N measuring points that is different from the first set of measuring points and repeat steps S1-S6. Calculate the overlapped area of ​​the possible explosion zones corresponding to the two sets of measuring points and determine whether the overlapped area meets a preset condition. If so, it is considered that the accurate explosion zone has been located and the process proceeds to the next step. Otherwise, repeat S7.

[0016] S8. Compare the construction plan to determine whether there is any over-boundary mining. If so, an immediate warning and report are required.

[0017] Furthermore, in S3, the blasting vibration monitoring equipment is a three-axis vibration velocity sensor with a consistent sampling frequency. Unified timing only requires ensuring that the start time of the recorded waveform is consistent. The propagation time is calculated by the difference between the vibration start time of the measuring point and the recording start time.

[0018] Furthermore, in S5, multiple rock mass velocity components can be easily obtained by cross-calculating between the three measuring points:

[0019]

[0020] The average value of the wave velocity component in the x direction is calculated by the following formula

[0021]

[0022] Then calculate the average value of the wave velocity components in the x, y, and z directions and

[0023] Furthermore, in S6, the spatial distances of the explosion zone relative to the measuring points i, j, and k in the x, y, and z directions are combined to obtain the spatial distances R from the explosion zone to the measuring points i, j, and k respectively. i 、R j 、R k The formula is:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, R i 、R j 、R k is the spatial distance between the explosion area and the measuring points i, j, and k;

[0026] Furthermore, the step S7 specifically includes the following steps:

[0027] S71, record measuring points i, j, k as measuring point group 1, then select 9 groups of measuring points different from group 1 and record them as measuring point groups 2, 3, ..., 10 respectively;

[0028] S72: The overlapping range of the explosion area of ​​group m and group m+1 is α m , where m∈{1,2,3...9}; when α m-2 , α m-1 , α m When the following conditions are met, it is considered that the precise explosion zone range Ψ is located, and Ψ=|α m -α m-1 |:

[0029]

[0030] Take the corresponding overlapping part Ψ′ as the precise explosion area range, otherwise go to the next step:

[0031] S73. Let m=m+1 and repeat S72 until the explosion zone overlap range that meets the conditions is obtained. If m=9 and still does not meet the conditions, increase the number of measuring points and repeat S1-S7.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] The present invention arranges multiple wireless blasting vibration monitoring devices, i.e., vibration measuring points, around the perimeter of a mine to monitor the vibration signals generated by blasting mining around the clock. The time history curve is analyzed and the time difference of the vibration signal reaching each measuring point is calculated based on the joint timing method. A set of wave velocity components is obtained by dividing the one-way straight-line distance between two measuring points by the time difference of the vibration signal between the two measuring points. Multiple sets of rock mass wave velocity components in the mining area are calculated by cross-calculating between multiple measuring points. The average value of the multiple wave velocity components is then calculated to obtain C. p ; by C p The one-way distance from the blasting area to each measuring point can be obtained. Repeating the above operation in three orthogonal directions can easily obtain the spatial distance between the blasting area and the measuring point; a graph is drawn with each measuring point as the center of the sphere and the spatial distance as the radius; by analyzing the data and taking the intersection, a three-dimensional spatial model of the blasting area is inverted, and the construction plan is compared to confirm whether there is any cross-border mining behavior and determine the direction of cross-border mining. Rapid positioning, timely prevention, and economic compensation for cross-border mining are implemented. The present invention provides important data support for monitoring cross-border mining by utilizing an all-weather wireless blasting vibration detector. It has the significant advantages of accuracy, convenience, and relatively low cost, effectively improving the efficiency of mineral resource safety supervision.

[0034] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 A flowchart for early warning of cross-border mining;

[0036] Figure 2 Provide a schematic diagram of the monitoring point layout;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram for identifying the start-up time after joint timing;

[0038] Figure 4 A spatial schematic diagram for identifying and locating the mining area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0040] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the invention and should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0041] The flowchart of the method for early warning and identification of over-boundary mining in underground mines based on all-weather wireless blasting vibration monitoring proposed by the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps are:

[0042] S1, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, according to the specific conditions of the mining area, five microseismic measurement points are arranged near the mining area and three-axis vibration velocity sensors are installed at the measurement points. The measurement points are marked as 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, and 5#, and the corresponding explosion center distances are marked as R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5. A certain distance must be maintained between the measurement points to avoid affecting the positioning accuracy.

[0043] S2. Measure and calculate the one-way straight-line distance between each monitoring point, and record the one-way distance between measuring point i and measuring point j as dx ij , where i, j∈(1, 2, 3, ..., 5) and j≠i;

[0044] S3. Calibrate the blasting monitoring equipment to a unified time. The standard detonation time of the detonator is recorded as t0, and the blasting vibration data is recorded at the same time.

[0045] S4. Select any three different measuring points i, j, k and record them as measuring point group 1. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, taking the measuring point i as an example, the corresponding moment when the unidirectional vibration time history curve of the measuring point i first appears a peak is taken as the actual time when the seismic wave propagates to the measuring point, which is recorded as t i . t i The difference from t0 is the time required for the seismic wave to propagate to the measuring point i. By performing the above operations simultaneously on measuring points j and k, multiple wave velocity components can be obtained by cross-calculating between the three measuring points i, j, and k using the following formula:

[0046]

[0047] In order to increase the accuracy of positioning, it is necessary to take the average value of each wave velocity component. The average wave velocity in this direction is C Px Determined by the following formula:

[0048]

[0049] S5, based on the seismic wave propagation time of each measuring point recorded in step S4 and the average wave velocity component obtained The distance R of the explosion zone relative to the measuring points i, j, and k in this direction can be calculated by the following formula: xi 、R yi 、R zi :

[0050]

[0051] Repeat the above steps in the other two orthogonal directions to obtain the distance of the explosion zone relative to the measuring points i, j, and k in the x, y, and z directions. Then, the spatial distance R between the explosion zone and each measuring point can be obtained by the following formula. xi 、R yi 、R zi :

[0052]

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, a three-dimensional sphere is drawn with each measuring point as the sphere center and its corresponding spatial distance as the radius. The intersection of the spatial areas of each sphere is the possible explosion area range located by the group;

[0054] S6. Reselect 9 groups of measuring points that are different from group 1 and record them as measuring point groups 2, 3, ..., 10 respectively; record the overlapping range of the explosion area of ​​group m and group m+1 as α m , where m∈{1,2,3...9}; when α m-2 , α m-1 , α m When the following conditions are met, it can be considered that the precise explosion zone range Ψ is located, and Ψ=|α m -α m-1 |:

[0055]

[0056] When the above conditions are not met, let m = m + 1, repeat the above calculation until the conditions are met, and take the corresponding overlapping part Ψ′ as the precise explosion zone range; if m = 9 still cannot meet the requirements, the number of groups can be expanded by increasing the number of measuring points until the conditions are met, and take the corresponding overlapping part Ψ′ as the precise explosion zone range.

[0057] S7: Based on S6, a three-dimensional spatial model of the blasting area can be inverted and compared with the construction plan. If the blasting area model matches the construction plan, there is no over-the-counter mining. If there is a discrepancy between the blasting area model and the construction plan, it is considered that over-the-counter mining has occurred and must be reported immediately to the relevant personnel and stopped.

[0058] The foregoing is an example of the best mode of carrying out the present invention. Any portion not described in detail herein is common knowledge within the skill of one of ordinary skill in the art. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims. Any equivalent transformation based on the technical teachings of the present invention shall also be within the scope of protection of the present invention. The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples provided are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for identifying and accurately locating out-of-bounds mining based on an all-weather wireless blasting vibration system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Arrange N (N≥5) seismic wave vibration monitoring points at different locations around the mine according to the location of the mine area and install all-weather wireless blasting vibration triaxial sensors at the monitoring points; S2, measure and calculate the one-way straight-line distance between two monitoring points in the x, y, and z directions, where the one-way distance between measuring point i and measuring point j in the x, y, and z directions is dx ij ,dy ij ,dz ij , i, j∈(1, 2, 3..., N) and i≠j; S3, the sensors at each measuring point are jointly timed, and the starting time of the vibration monitoring equipment waveform is recorded as the initial time t0, and is unified with the detonation time; S4. Select any three different measuring points i, j, and k from the N measuring points as the first group of measuring points, analyze the seismic wave vibration time history curve of each selected monitoring point, record the time when the seismic wave first appears at the different measuring points, and use it as the time t required for the seismic wave to propagate to the measuring points i, j, and k. i , t j , t k ; S5, based on the distance between the measuring points in S2 and the time t measured in step S4 i , t j , t k , it is easy to calculate multiple groups of rock mass wave velocity components between the three measuring points and take the average value to obtain the average value of the wave velocity components in the x, y, and z directions and S6. Based on the average value of the wave velocity component measured by S4, the spatial distance component of the explosion area from the measuring point i in the x, y, and z directions is obtained. The formula is: Combine the spatial distances of the explosion zone relative to the measuring points i, j, and k in the x, y, and z directions to obtain the spatial distances R from the explosion zone to the measuring points i, j, and k respectively. i 、R j 、R k ; Take the space distance corresponding to the measuring points i, j, and k as the sphere center and draw a three-dimensional sphere. The intersection of the space areas of each sphere is the possible explosion area. S7. Reselect a set of measuring points from the N measuring points that is different from the first set of measuring points and repeat steps S1-S6. Calculate the overlapped area of ​​the possible explosion zones corresponding to the two sets of measuring points and determine whether the overlapped area meets a preset condition. If so, it is considered that the accurate explosion zone has been located and the process proceeds to the next step. Otherwise, repeat S7. S8. Compare the construction plan to determine whether there is any over-boundary mining. If so, an immediate warning and report are required.

2. The method for identifying and accurately locating out-of-bounds mining based on an all-weather wireless blasting vibration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S3, the blasting vibration monitoring equipment is a three-axis vibration velocity sensor with consistent sampling frequency. Unified timing only requires ensuring the consistency of the starting time of the recorded waveform. The propagation time is calculated by the difference between the vibration start time of the measuring point and the recording start time.

3. The method for identifying and accurately locating out-of-bounds mining based on an all-weather wireless blasting vibration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S5, multiple rock mass velocity components can be easily obtained by cross-calculating between the three measuring points: The average value of the wave velocity component in the x direction is calculated by the following formula Then calculate the average value of the wave velocity components in the x, y, and z directions and 4. The method for identifying and accurately locating out-of-bounds mining based on an all-weather wireless blasting vibration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S6, the spatial distances of the explosion zone relative to the measuring points i, j, and k in the x, y, and z directions are combined to obtain the spatial distances R from the explosion zone to the measuring points i, j, and k respectively. i 、R j 、R k The formula is: Among them, R i 、R j 、R k is the spatial distance between the explosion area and the measuring points i, j, and k.

5. The method for identifying and accurately locating out-of-bounds mining based on an all-weather wireless blasting vibration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S7 specifically includes the following steps: S71, record measuring points i, j, k as measuring point group 1, then select 9 groups of measuring points different from group 1 and record them as measuring point groups 2, 3, ..., 10 respectively; S72: The overlapping range of the explosion area of ​​group m and group m+1 is α m , where m∈{1,2,3...9}; when α m-2 , α m-1 , α m When the following conditions are met, it is considered that the precise explosion zone range Ψ is located, and Ψ=|α m -α m-1 |: Take the corresponding overlapping part Ψ′ as the precise explosion area range, otherwise go to the next step: S73. Let m=m+1 and repeat S72 until the explosion zone overlap range that meets the conditions is obtained. If m=9 and still does not meet the conditions, increase the number of measuring points and repeat S1-S7.

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