A wear-resistant cable and its preparation method

Abstract

This application relates to the field of cable technology, specifically disclosing a surface abrasion-resistant cable and its preparation method. The surface abrasion-resistant cable comprises, from the inside out, a conductor, an insulation layer, a protective layer, and an abrasion-resistant coating. The raw materials for preparing the abrasion-resistant coating include polyarylene ether nitrile ketone, modified filler, antioxidant, anti-oxidant, and organosilicon masterbatch. The modified filler is composed of graphene nanosheets and silicon carbide micropowder, which react with 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile, phenolphthalein, and potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate to form sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile. This modification of the composite filler not only increases the surface hardness of the coating and enhances its abrasion resistance, but also promotes good dispersion of the nanofiller in the coating, ensuring good bonding between the filler particles and the matrix, resulting in a strong transfer film and thus exhibiting excellent abrasion resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cable technology, and in particular to a surface abrasion-resistant cable and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] As the core carriers of power transmission and signal transmission, the performance of wires and cables directly affects the stability of power systems and communication quality. With the rapid development of industrial automation, new energy power generation, and smart grids, the application environment of cables is becoming increasingly complex, often facing external forces such as mechanical friction, bending, and tension. This places higher demands on the abrasion resistance of cables. The quality of abrasion resistance not only affects the service life of cables but can also lead to safety hazards such as insulation damage, signal attenuation, and even short circuits. Therefore, improving the abrasion resistance of cables has become one of the important research directions in the field of cable technology.

[0003] Currently, the industry typically improves cable abrasion resistance by optimizing the outer sheath material or reinforcing its structure. For example, adding composite materials such as high-density polyethylene and polyurethane to the sheath layer can enhance surface hardness and friction resistance. However, while this approach improves abrasion resistance, it may reduce cable flexibility, making the sheath more prone to cracking and affecting long-term reliability.

[0004] Based on the existing technologies mentioned above, how to further optimize abrasion resistance without sacrificing cable flexibility and electrical performance has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Especially in environments with frequent movement or high mechanical stress, it is necessary to develop a cable that combines high abrasion resistance and flexibility. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the wear resistance of cables and extend their service life, this application provides a surface wear-resistant cable and its preparation method.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a surface abrasion-resistant cable, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A surface abrasion-resistant cable, the cable comprising, from the inside out, a conductor, an insulation layer, a protective layer and an abrasion-resistant coating, wherein the abrasion-resistant coating is made of raw materials comprising the following parts by weight: 40-60 parts of polyarylether nitrile ketone, 16-24 parts of modified filler, 5-7 parts of organosilicon masterbatch, 3-4 parts of antioxidant, and 1-2 parts of antioxidant.

[0008] The raw materials for preparing the modified filler include graphene nanosheets, silicon carbide micro powder, 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile, phenolphthalein, and potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate. The weight ratio of the graphene nanosheets, silicon carbide micro powder, 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile, phenolphthalein, and potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate is 10:(8-10):(6-8):(2-4):(7-9).

[0009] By employing the above technical solution, this application imparts excellent wear resistance to the cable through the application of a wear-resistant coating to the protective layer surface. Specifically, the twisted biphenyl and nitrogen heterocyclic structures in the polyarylether ketone molecule prevent its macromolecular chains from forming a linear configuration, thus disrupting tight packing and preventing crystallization, resulting in excellent solubility and high-temperature resistance. In a solvent environment, the molecular chains of polyarylether ketone can fully extend, giving the coating higher toughness. Simultaneously, the abundant polar groups such as nitrile groups in its molecular chains enhance the dipole-dipole interactions between molecules, significantly improving the adhesion between the coating and the substrate. During the coating curing process, cross-linking reactions occur between the nitrile groups, further improving the thermal stability and mechanical strength of the coating. The addition of antioxidants and anti-aging agents effectively inhibits aging and oxidation of the coating during use, extending its service life. The organosilicon masterbatch further enhances the overall performance of the cable by improving the lubricity and flexibility of the coating surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the graphene nanosheets and silicon carbide micropowder in the modified filler, under the modification effect of sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile, form a synergistic effect with the polyarylene ether nitrile ketone molecular chain, which not only improves the wear resistance of the coating, but also optimizes the overall density of the coating. Specifically, 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile, phenolphthalein, and potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate are combined to form sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile with carboxyl, nitrile, and sulfonic acid groups in the side chain. Among them, the carboxyl and sulfonic acid groups combine with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of graphene nanosheets and silicon carbide micropowder, so that the sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile can be successfully coated on the surface of nanoparticles, forming a core-shell structure with nitrile groups on the surface. This not only increases the surface hardness of the coating and enhances its wear resistance, but also promotes the good dispersion of nanofillers in the coating, ensuring good bonding between the filler particles and the matrix, so that the coating forms a strong transfer film, thus exhibiting excellent wear resistance.

[0011] Preferably, the method for preparing the modified filler includes the following steps:

[0012] (1) Dissolve 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile, phenolphthalein and potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate in a solvent, add a catalyst, react at 130-140℃ for 2-3h, add ethanol to precipitate, wash and dry to obtain sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile.

[0013] (2) Mix graphene nanosheets, silicon carbide powder and water evenly, and ultrasonically disperse for 2-3 hours to obtain a dispersion;

[0014] (3) Dissolve sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile in water, add dispersion, and ultrasonically disperse at 60-70℃ for 3-4 hours. After filtration and drying, the modified filler is obtained.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the filler in this application is composed of graphene nanosheets and silicon carbide micro powder. The two work synergistically to not only enhance the mechanical strength of the filler, but also effectively improve the wear resistance of the wear-resistant coating. Furthermore, the composite filler is synergistically modified by sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile with side chains containing carboxyl, nitrile and sulfonic acid groups, which further improves the dispersibility and interfacial compatibility of the composite filler, so that the coating has better wear resistance while maintaining good adhesion.

[0016] Preferably, the solvent in step (1) is a mixture of toluene and N-methylpyrrolidone in a weight ratio of 1:(3-4), and the catalyst is potassium carbonate.

[0017] By employing the above technical solution, the solvent is a compound of toluene and N-methylpyrrolidone in a specific weight ratio, which effectively improves the solubility of 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile, phenolphthalein, and potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate in the solvent, promotes uniform reaction, and thus improves the preparation quality of sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile. Simultaneously, the use of potassium carbonate as a catalyst significantly improves reaction efficiency under suitable reaction conditions, ensuring the chemical structural stability and functionality of the modified filler, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the wear-resistant coating.

[0018] Preferably, the method for preparing the coating includes the following steps:

[0019] The modified filler was dissolved in a solvent and ultrasonically dispersed for 1-2 hours to obtain a suspension.

[0020] The polyarylene ether ketone, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, organosilicon masterbatch and solvent are mixed evenly, ultrasonically dispersed for 1-2 hours, added to the suspension, and stirred continuously to obtain the coating.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the coating prepared by the above method can significantly improve the wear resistance of the cable. In particular, the introduction of modified fillers and composite materials such as polyarylether nitrile ketone enhances the mechanical strength and wear resistance of the coating. The addition of anti-aging agents and antioxidants effectively inhibits the aging process of the material and extends the service life of the cable.

[0022] Preferably, the antioxidant is selected from one or more of antioxidant RD, antioxidant 4010NA, and antioxidant 4020; the antioxidant is selected from one or more of antioxidant 168, antioxidant CA, and antioxidant 1076.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solutions, the synergistic effect of anti-aging agents and antioxidants can significantly improve the aging resistance and oxidation resistance of cables. Specifically, anti-aging agents effectively inhibit the degradation of rubber or plastic materials caused by factors such as ultraviolet radiation and ozone during cable use, thereby extending the cable's service life; antioxidants, by capturing free radicals, slow down the performance degradation of materials caused by oxidation reactions, further enhancing the cable's stability. The synergistic effect of both not only improves the cable's adaptability to complex environments but also ensures its electrical and mechanical performance during long-term use, providing crucial protection for the reliable operation of cables under harsh conditions.

[0024] Preferably, the insulating layer material is one of polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene.

[0025] Preferably, the protective layer material is one of polyvinylidene fluoride and polyvinyl chloride.

[0026] Secondly, the method for preparing a surface wear-resistant cable provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0027] A method for preparing a surface abrasion-resistant cable includes the following steps:

[0028] S1: The surface of the conductor is coated sequentially with insulating material and protective material using a double-layer co-extrusion extruder to form an insulating layer and a protective layer;

[0029] S2: Coating is applied to the surface of the protective layer to form a wear-resistant coating. The coating is dried at 60-70℃ for 22-26 hours. The surface is then washed and dried to constant weight to obtain a wear-resistant cable.

[0030] Preferably, the thickness of the wear-resistant coating is 30-40 μm.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the conductor is sequentially coated with insulation material and protective layer material through co-extrusion to form insulation layer and protective layer, which effectively improves the connection tightness between the two layers. Furthermore, after applying a wear-resistant coating to the surface of the cable's protective layer, the overall wear resistance of the cable can be significantly improved, thus protecting the internal materials of the cable.

[0032] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0033] This application imparts excellent abrasion resistance to cables by coating the protective layer with an abrasion-resistant coating. The twisted biphenyl and nitrogen heterocyclic structures in the polyarylether ketone (PAK) molecule prevent the macromolecular chains from forming a linear configuration, thus disrupting tight packing and preventing crystallization, resulting in excellent solubility and high-temperature resistance. In a solvent environment, the PAK molecular chains can fully extend, giving the coating higher toughness. Simultaneously, the abundant polar groups such as nitrile groups in its molecular chains enhance intermolecular dipole-dipole interactions, significantly improving the adhesion between the coating and the substrate. During coating curing, cross-linking reactions occur between nitrile groups, further improving the thermal stability and mechanical strength of the coating. The addition of antioxidants and anti-aging agents effectively inhibits aging and oxidation of the coating during use, extending its service life. The silicone masterbatch further enhances the overall performance of the cable by improving the lubricity and flexibility of the coating surface.

[0034] The graphene nanosheets and silicon carbide powder in the modified filler, under the modification of sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile, form a synergistic effect with the polyarylene ether nitrile ketone molecular chain, which not only improves the wear resistance of the coating, but also optimizes the overall density of the coating. Specifically, 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile, phenolphthalein, and potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate are combined to form sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile with side chains containing carboxyl, nitrile, and sulfonic acid groups. Among them, the carboxyl and sulfonic acid groups combine with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of graphene nanosheets and silicon carbide powder, so that the sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile can be successfully coated on the surface of nanoparticles, forming a core-shell structure with nitrile groups on the surface. This not only increases the surface hardness of the coating and enhances its wear resistance, but also promotes the good dispersion of nanofillers in the coating, ensuring good bonding between the filler particles and the matrix, so that the coating forms a strong transfer film, thus exhibiting excellent wear resistance. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0036] Preparation Example

[0037] Preparation Example 1

[0038] Preparation of modified fillers:

[0039] (1) Dissolve 53.4 g of 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile, 17.8 g of phenolphthalein and 62.3 g of potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate in 100 mL of toluene and 300 mL of N-methylpyrrolidone, add 80 g of potassium carbonate, react at 130 °C for 2 h, add ethanol to precipitate, wash with ethanol and deionized water three times alternately, and dry to obtain sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile;

[0040] (2) Mix 89g of graphene nanosheets, 71g of silicon carbide micro powder and 300mL of water evenly and ultrasonically disperse for 2h to obtain a dispersion.

[0041] (3) Dissolve sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile in 500 mL of water, add dispersion, ultrasonically disperse at 60 °C for 3 h, filter and dry to obtain modified filler.

[0042] Preparation Example 2

[0043] Preparation of modified fillers:

[0044] (1) Dissolve 73.5g of 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile, 31.5g of phenolphthalein and 84g of potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate in 100mL of toluene and 300mL of N-methylpyrrolidone, add 85g of potassium carbonate, react at 135℃ for 2.5h, add ethanol to precipitate, wash with ethanol and deionized water three times alternately, and dry to obtain sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile;

[0045] (2) Mix 105g of graphene nanosheets, 95g of silicon carbide micro powder and 500mL of water evenly, and ultrasonically disperse for 2.5h to obtain a dispersion.

[0046] (3) Dissolve sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile in 500 mL of water, add dispersion, and ultrasonically disperse at 65 °C for 3.5 h. After filtration and drying, the modified filler is obtained.

[0047] Preparation Example 3

[0048] Preparation of modified fillers:

[0049] (1) Dissolve 96g of 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile, 48g of phenolphthalein and 108g of potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate in 100mL of toluene and 300mL of N-methylpyrrolidone, add 90g of potassium carbonate, react at 140℃ for 3h, add ethanol to precipitate, wash with ethanol and deionized water three times alternately, and dry to obtain sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile;

[0050] (2) Mix 120g of graphene nanosheets, 120g of silicon carbide micro powder and 500mL of water evenly, and ultrasonically disperse for 3h to obtain a dispersion.

[0051] (3) Dissolve sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile in 500 mL of water, add dispersion, ultrasonically disperse at 70 °C for 4 h, filter and dry to obtain modified filler.

[0052] Preparation Example 4

[0053] The difference between this preparation example and preparation example 2 is that no graphene nanosheets were added.

[0054] Preparation Example 5

[0055] The difference between this preparation example and preparation example 2 is that no silicon carbide micro powder was added.

[0056] Preparation Example 6

[0057] The difference between this preparation example and preparation example 2 is that an equal amount of hydroquinone is used instead of phenolphthalein.

[0058] Example

[0059] Example 1

[0060] A surface abrasion-resistant cable, comprising, from the inside out, a conductor, an insulation layer, a protective layer, and an abrasion-resistant coating, wherein the abrasion-resistant coating is made from the following raw materials: 400g polyarylether nitrile ketone (Dalian Baolimo New Material Co., Ltd.), 160g modified filler (prepared in Preparation Example 1), 30g antioxidant RD, 10g antioxidant CA, and 50g organosilicon masterbatch (Momentive Y-19220).

[0061] The preparation method of the coating includes the following steps:

[0062] The modified filler was dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone and ultrasonically dispersed for 1 hour to obtain a suspension.

[0063] Polyarylene ether ketone, antioxidant RD, antioxidant CA, silicone masterbatch and N-methylpyrrolidone were mixed evenly and ultrasonically dispersed for 1 hour. The suspension was added and stirred continuously to prepare a 15% mortar, thus obtaining the coating.

[0064] The method for preparing abrasion-resistant cables includes the following steps:

[0065] S1: A double-layer co-extrusion extruder is used to sequentially extrude polyvinyl chloride and polyvinylidene fluoride to coat the surface of the conductor, forming an insulation layer and a protective layer.

[0066] S2: Coating is applied to the surface of the protective layer to form a wear-resistant coating. The coating is dried at 60°C for 22 hours. The surface is then washed and dried to constant weight to obtain a wear-resistant cable.

[0067] The wear-resistant coating has a thickness of 30μm.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] A surface abrasion-resistant cable, comprising, from the inside out, a conductor, an insulation layer, a protective layer, and an abrasion-resistant coating, wherein the abrasion-resistant coating is made from the following raw materials: 500g polyarylether nitrile ketone (Dalian Baolimo New Material Co., Ltd.), 200g modified filler (prepared in Preparation Example 2), 35g antioxidant 4010NA, 15g antioxidant 1076, and 60g organosilicon masterbatch (Momentive Y-19220).

[0070] The preparation method of the coating includes the following steps:

[0071] The modified filler was dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone and ultrasonically dispersed for 1.5 h to obtain a suspension;

[0072] Polyarylene ether ketone, antioxidant 4010NA, antioxidant 1076, organosilicon masterbatch and N-methylpyrrolidone were mixed evenly and ultrasonically dispersed for 1.5 hours. The suspension was added and stirred continuously to prepare a 20% mortar, thus obtaining the coating.

[0073] The method for preparing abrasion-resistant cables includes the following steps:

[0074] S1: A double-layer co-extrusion extruder is used to sequentially extrude polyethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride to coat the surface of the conductor, forming an insulation layer and a protective layer.

[0075] S2: Coating is applied to the surface of the protective layer to form a wear-resistant coating. The coating is dried at 65°C for 24 hours, the surface is washed, and dried to constant weight to obtain a wear-resistant cable.

[0076] The wear-resistant coating has a thickness of 35μm.

[0077] Example 3

[0078] A surface abrasion-resistant cable, comprising, from the inside out, a conductor, an insulation layer, a protective layer, and an abrasion-resistant coating, wherein the abrasion-resistant coating is made from the following raw materials: 600g polyarylether nitrile ketone (Dalian Baolimo New Material Co., Ltd.), 240g modified filler (prepared in Preparation Example 3), 40g antioxidant 4020, 20g antioxidant 168, and 70g organosilicon masterbatch (Momentive Y-19220).

[0079] The preparation method of the coating includes the following steps:

[0080] The modified filler was dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone and ultrasonically dispersed for 2 hours to obtain a suspension.

[0081] Polyarylene ether ketone, antioxidant 4020, antioxidant 168, organosilicon masterbatch and N-methylpyrrolidone were mixed evenly and ultrasonically dispersed for 2 hours. The suspension was added and stirred continuously to prepare a 25% mortar, thus obtaining the coating.

[0082] The method for preparing abrasion-resistant cables includes the following steps:

[0083] S1: A double-layer co-extrusion extruder is used to sequentially extrude polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride to coat the surface of the conductor, forming an insulation layer and a protective layer;

[0084] S2: Coating is applied to the surface of the protective layer to form a wear-resistant coating. The coating is dried at 70°C for 26 hours, the surface is washed, and dried to constant weight to obtain a wear-resistant cable.

[0085] The wear-resistant coating has a thickness of 40μm.

[0086] Comparative Example

[0087] Comparative Example 1

[0088] A surface abrasion-resistant cable, which differs from Example 2 in that it uses the modified filler prepared in Preparation Example 4.

[0089] Comparative Example 2

[0090] A surface abrasion resistant cable, which differs from Example 2 in that it uses the modified filler prepared in Preparation Example 5.

[0091] Comparative Example 3

[0092] A surface abrasion-resistant cable, which differs from Example 2 in that it uses the modified filler prepared in Preparation Example 6.

[0093] Comparative Example 4

[0094] A surface abrasion-resistant cable differs from Example 2 in that it uses an equal amount of graphene nanosheets instead of modified filler.

[0095] Comparative Example 5

[0096] A surface abrasion-resistant cable differs from Example 2 in that an equal amount of silicon carbide micro powder is used instead of the modified filler.

[0097] Comparative Example 6

[0098] A surface wear-resistant cable differs from Example 2 in that it uses equal amounts of graphene nanosheets and silicon carbide micropowder instead of equal amounts of modified filler.

[0099] Comparative Example 7

[0100] A surface abrasion-resistant cable, which differs from Example 2 in that no modified filler is added to the coating.

[0101] Comparative Example 8

[0102] A surface abrasion-resistant cable, which differs from Example 2 in that the surface of the cable protective layer is not coated with an abrasion-resistant coating.

[0103] Performance testing

[0104] 1. Wear resistance test: After preparing coating samples with dimensions of 30mm×7mm×6mm from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-8, mass wear test was conducted according to the method in GB / T 3960-2016 "Plastics Sliding Friction Wear Test Method". The test result is the average value of the three samples.

[0105] 2. Tensile strength and elongation at break tests: The tests were conducted according to the methods in GB / T1040.2-2022 "Determination of tensile properties of plastics - Part 2: Test conditions for molded and extruded plastics", and the results are recorded in Table 1.

[0106] Table 1

[0107] Test Project Wear mass / mg Tensile strength / MPa Elongation at break / % Example 1 0.72 34.1 302 Example 2 0.70 34.5 304 Example 3 0.75 33.8 301 Comparative Example 1 0.93 31.2 289 Comparative Example 2 0.96 31.0 288 Comparative Example 3 0.90 31.7 290 Comparative Example 4 1.13 30.1 285 Comparative Example 5 1.15 29.9 282 Comparative Example 6 1.12 30.8 287 Comparative Example 7 1.19 28.6 279 Comparative Example 8 2.10 28.3 276

[0108] Based on the data from Examples 2 and Comparative Examples 1-2, as well as Table 1, it can be seen that Comparative Examples 1 and 2 both use a single filler, while the composite filler formed by combining graphene nanosheets and silicon carbide micropowder in this application can significantly improve the wear resistance of the wear-resistant coating. Graphene nanosheets have excellent mechanical properties and lubrication characteristics, which can effectively improve the wear resistance and scratch resistance of the coating; silicon carbide micropowder, due to its high hardness, further enhances the wear resistance of the coating. The synergistic effect of the two not only makes the coating exhibit superior wear resistance under harsh working conditions, but also improves the toughness and adhesion of the coating, avoiding the performance limitations that may be caused by a single filler, thereby significantly extending the service life of the cable and improving its reliability in complex environments.

[0109] Based on the data from Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Table 1, it is evident that hydroquinone does not contain carboxyl groups in its molecular structure. However, the carboxyl and sulfonic acid groups of the sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile side chains in this application can effectively react with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of graphene nanosheets and silicon carbide micropowders, forming stable covalent bonds. This significantly improves the dispersibility and adhesion of the modified filler in the wear-resistant coating. The lack of carboxyl groups leads to a decrease in the interfacial bonding performance between the filler and the matrix, thereby affecting the overall performance of the wear-resistant coating and reducing its wear resistance and toughness. Furthermore, poor dispersibility may result in microscopic defects within the coating, further weakening its performance.

[0110] Based on the data from Example 2, Comparative Examples 4-6, and Table 1, it can be seen that the fillers in Comparative Examples 4-6 were not modified. Due to the small particle size of the nanofillers, dispersion was difficult, resulting in a relatively large number of nano-agglomerates in the coating. This weakened the bond between the filler and the substrate, making it easy for nanoparticles to detach from the substrate during friction and remain between the contact surfaces, acting as abrasive particles that wear down the coating surface. In contrast, this application modifies the nanoparticles by combining 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile, phenolphthalein, and potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate to form a sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile with side chains containing carboxyl, nitrile, and sulfonic acid groups. This creates a core-shell structure with nitrile groups on the surface, which not only increases the surface hardness of the coating and enhances its wear resistance but also promotes good dispersion of the nanofillers in the coating, ensuring a strong bond between the filler particles and the substrate. This results in a robust transfer film and exhibits excellent wear resistance.

[0111] Based on the data from Example 2, Comparative Example 7, and Table 1, it can be seen that the addition of modified filler significantly improved the wear resistance of the coating. However, the coating in Comparative Example 7, which did not contain modified filler, exhibited a significant decrease in wear resistance.

[0112] Based on the data from Example 2, Comparative Example 8, and Table 1, it is evident that adding an abrasion-resistant coating to the outer surface of the cable protective layer significantly improves the overall abrasion resistance of the cable. In Comparative Example 8, the cable protective layer was not coated with an abrasion-resistant coating. During actual use, the cable is prone to wear due to external friction, which may damage the internal insulation layer or even the conductor, affecting the cable's electrical performance and service life. Especially in complex working conditions or environments with frequent movement, cables lacking an abrasion-resistant coating are more prone to surface damage, reducing their pressure resistance and mechanical strength, and failing to meet the safety and stability requirements of high-performance cables.

[0113] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A surface abrasion-resistant cable, characterized in that, The cable comprises, from the inside out, a conductor, an insulation layer, a protective layer, and an abrasion-resistant coating. The abrasion-resistant coating is made from raw materials containing the following parts by weight: 40-60 parts of polyarylether nitrile ketone, 16-24 parts of modified filler, 3-4 parts of antioxidant, 1-2 parts of anti-oxidant, and 5-7 parts of organosilicon masterbatch. The raw materials for preparing the modified filler include graphene nanosheets, silicon carbide micro powder, 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile, phenolphthalein, and potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate, wherein the weight ratio of the graphene nanosheets, silicon carbide micro powder, 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile, phenolphthalein, and potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate is 10:(8-10):(6-8):(2-4):(7-9). The method for preparing the modified filler includes the following steps: (1) Dissolve 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile, phenolphthalein and potassium 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate in a solvent, add a catalyst, react at 130-140℃ for 2-3 h, add ethanol to precipitate, wash and dry to obtain sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile. (2) Mix graphene nanosheets, silicon carbide powder and water evenly, and ultrasonically disperse for 2-3 hours to obtain a dispersion; (3) Dissolve sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile in water, add dispersion, and ultrasonically disperse at 60-70℃ for 3-4 hours. After filtration and drying, the modified filler is obtained.

2. The surface abrasion-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent in step (1) is a mixture of toluene and N-methylpyrrolidone in a weight ratio of 1:(3-4), and the catalyst is potassium carbonate.

3. The surface abrasion-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the coating includes the following steps: The modified filler was dissolved in a solvent and ultrasonically dispersed for 1-2 hours to obtain a suspension. The polyarylene ether ketone, anti-aging agent, antioxidant, organosilicon masterbatch and solvent are mixed evenly, ultrasonically dispersed for 1-2 hours, added to the suspension, and stirred continuously to obtain the coating.

4. The surface abrasion-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antioxidant is selected from one or more of antioxidant RD, antioxidant 4010NA, and antioxidant 4020; the antioxidant is selected from one or more of antioxidant 168, antioxidant CA, and antioxidant 1076.

5. The surface abrasion-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating layer material is either polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.

6. The surface abrasion-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective layer material is one of polyvinylidene fluoride and polyvinyl chloride.

7. A method for preparing a surface abrasion-resistant cable as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The insulating layer material and the protective layer material are sequentially coated onto the surface of the conductor using a double-layer co-extrusion extruder to form an insulating layer and a protective layer; S2: Coating is applied to the surface of the protective layer to form a wear-resistant coating. The coating is dried at 60-70℃ for 22-26 hours. The surface is then washed and dried to constant weight to obtain a wear-resistant cable.

8. The method for preparing a surface abrasion-resistant cable according to claim 7, characterized in that, The thickness of the wear-resistant coating is 30-40 μm.