Antenna, antenna device, terminal and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna, an antenna device, a terminal and a vehicle, the antenna comprises a first type radiation unit and a second type radiation unit, the first type radiation unit has a first polarization direction, the second type radiation unit has a second polarization direction, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction intersect. According to the technical scheme, the antenna carried by the vehicle-mounted unmanned aerial vehicle can achieve the effects of multi-band, horizontal high gain and overhead gain improvement, the multi-band design can cover a 4G network and WiFi 2.4 G / 5.2 G / 5.8 G bands at the same time, and the signal coverage stability and reliability of the unmanned aerial vehicle are guaranteed; the horizontal high gain ensures long horizontal flight distance and reliable flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle; the overhead gain is increased, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle can fly far away horizontally and can fly higher in the vertical direction at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna, an antenna device, a terminal and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, insufficient vertex gain of an antenna may cause the device equipped with the antenna to have greater unreliability during operation, such as causing the device to lose connection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna, an antenna device, a terminal, and a vehicle, which can improve the vertex gain to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to a first aspect of the present application, an antenna is provided, characterized in that it includes:

[0005] A first type of radiating element having a first polarization direction; and

[0006] The second type of radiating element has a second polarization direction;

[0007] The first polarization direction and the second polarization direction intersect.

[0008] Optionally, the first polarization direction is perpendicular to the second polarization direction.

[0009] Optionally, the second type of radiation unit includes:

[0010] a radiation conductor configured to radiate a second type of electromagnetic wave according to a current parallel to the first polarization direction;

[0011] The radiation conductor is independent of the first type radiation unit.

[0012] Optionally, at least a portion of the radiating conductor surrounds the first type of radiating element.

[0013] Optionally, an orthographic projection of at least a portion of the radiating conductor along a projection plane parallel to the second polarization direction is an arc;

[0014] The second polarization direction is parallel to the tangent direction of the radiation conductor.

[0015] Optionally, when a current parallel to the first polarization direction is passed through the first-type radiation unit, the first-type radiation unit generates a first-type electromagnetic field and radiates the first-type electromagnetic wave;

[0016] The radiating conductor is coupled with the first type of electromagnetic field of the first type of radiating unit, so that the radiating conductor induces a current parallel to the second polarization direction to radiate a second type of electromagnetic wave.

[0017] Optionally, a disconnection gap is defined between ends of two opposite radiation conductors.

[0018] Optionally, the radian of the radiating conductor is smaller than π / 2.

[0019] Optionally, the arc length of the radiating conductor gradually increases along the first polarization direction.

[0020] Optionally, along a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction, projections of the two opposite radiating conductors on the first projection plane at least partially overlap.

[0021] Optionally, the antenna further includes:

[0022] a substrate, used for connecting the first type of radiating units;

[0023] Wherein, the second type of radiation unit is independent of the substrate.

[0024] Optionally, the antenna further includes:

[0025] A mounting member having a receiving cavity;

[0026] The substrate and the first type of radiation unit are located in the accommodating cavity, the second type of radiation unit is connected to the mounting member, and the second type of radiation unit is located outside the accommodating cavity.

[0027] Optionally, along a direction parallel to the first polarization direction, the outer diameter of the mounting member gradually increases or is set to be equal.

[0028] Optionally, the first type of radiation unit includes:

[0029] A first type of radiation oscillator is located on the first surface of the substrate; and

[0030] A second type of radiation vibrator is located on the second surface of the substrate;

[0031] The first type of radiating elements are staggered along a first projection contour of a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction, and the second type of radiating elements are staggered along a second projection contour of the first projection plane parallel to the second polarization direction.

[0032] Optionally, the substrate further comprises:

[0033] a through hole, used for electrically connecting the first type of radiating oscillator and the second type of radiating oscillator;

[0034] Wherein, the through hole penetrates the substrate along the third direction;

[0035] The third direction intersects the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction.

[0036] Optionally, along a first polarization direction, the first type of radiating elements are arranged on the first surface;

[0037] The distances between two adjacent first-type radiation elements and the through hole are different.

[0038] Optionally, along the first polarization direction, the second type of radiating elements are arranged on the second surface;

[0039] The distances between two adjacent second-type radiation elements and the through hole are different.

[0040] Optionally, the first type of radiating element has a first projection profile along a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction;

[0041] The second type of radiating element has a second projection profile along a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction;

[0042] The projection contours of the two radiating elements away from the through hole are symmetrically arranged with respect to the through hole.

[0043] Optionally, the first type of radiating element has a first projection profile along a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction;

[0044] The second type of radiating element has a second projection profile along a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction;

[0045] The projection contours of the two radiating elements close to the through hole are symmetrically arranged with respect to the through hole.

[0046] Optionally, the first type of radiating oscillator and the second type of radiating oscillator include: a first type of branches;

[0047] Wherein, two first-type branches of another first-type radiating oscillator far away from the through hole relative to one first-type radiating oscillator form a connection;

[0048] and / or

[0049] Wherein, two first-type branches of another second-type radiating element farther away from the through hole than one second-type radiating element form a connection.

[0050] Optionally, the antenna further includes:

[0051] A feeder line, used for connecting the radiating element;

[0052] Wherein, the feed line is located on the surface of the substrate.

[0053] Optionally, the feeder includes:

[0054] A first feeder, used for connecting the first type of radiating element; and

[0055] The second feeder is used to connect the second type of radiating element.

[0056] Optionally, the antenna further includes:

[0057] a conductive cable for coupling the feeder;

[0058] The conductive cable extends along a first polarization direction, and a portion of the conductive cable is located in the through hole.

[0059] Optionally, the conductive cable includes:

[0060] a first sub-line, used to connect one of the first feeder and the second feeder;

[0061] a second sub-line, used to connect the other of the first feeder and the second feeder;

[0062] The first sub-wire and the second sub-wire are insulated from each other.

[0063] Optionally, the first type of radiating element and the second type of radiating element further include:

[0064] The second type of branches are used to electrically connect the feeder;

[0065] Wherein, the second type of branches are located in the space defined by the first type of branches.

[0066] Optionally, the antenna further includes:

[0067] a coupling unit, configured to connect the first-type branch of at least one of the first-type radiating element and the second-type radiating element;

[0068] Wherein, at least a portion of the coupling unit surrounds the first type of branches.

[0069] Optionally, the coupling unit includes:

[0070] A coupling conductor, used for connecting the first type of branches;

[0071] The coupling conductors extend along the second polarization direction, and the coupling conductors are arranged along the first polarization direction.

[0072] Optionally, a projection of the coupling conductor along a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction coincides with a projection of the radiating conductor along the first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction.

[0073] Optionally, the coupling conductor includes:

[0074] A coupling conductor end portion, used for connecting to the first type of branches;

[0075] A coupling conductor body, used for connecting the coupling conductor end;

[0076] The end portion of the coupling conductor is located between the coupling conductor body and the first type of branch.

[0077] Optionally, the number of the coupling conductors is at least two;

[0078] The ends of the two coupling conductors connected to the same first-type branch are connected, and the two coupling conductor bodies are independently provided.

[0079] Optionally, the radian of the coupling conductor is smaller than π / 2.

[0080] According to a second aspect of the present application, an antenna device is provided, comprising the antenna as described above.

[0081] According to a third aspect of the present application, a terminal is provided, comprising the antenna as described above or the antenna device as described above.

[0082] Optionally, the terminal includes a drone.

[0083] According to a fourth aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising the antenna as described above, the antenna device as described above, or the terminal as described above.

[0084] The beneficial effect of the present application is that it provides an antenna capable of improving vertex gain.

[0085] More specifically, some embodiments of the present application may produce the following specific beneficial effects:

[0086] In an embodiment of the present application, the antenna includes a first type of radiating element and a second type of radiating element, wherein the first type of radiating element has a first polarization direction, and the second type of radiating element has a second polarization direction, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are arranged to intersect. Through the above technical solution, the first polarization direction of the first type of radiating element and the second polarization direction of the second type of radiating element are arranged to intersect, so that the antenna has two different polarization directions, thereby improving the peak gain of the antenna.

[0087] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0088] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0089] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same drawing numbers represent the same parts in the following description.

[0090] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first type of radiating element and the second type of radiating element of the antenna provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0091] Figure 2 is an internal cross-sectional view of a first type of radiating vibrator and a second type of radiating vibrator provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0092] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a connection structure where a first type of radiating element and a second type of radiating element are connected to a coupling conductor in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0093] Figure 4 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a coupling conductor connecting a first type radiating element and a second type radiating element provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0094] Figure 5 is a perspective view of a coupling conductor connecting a first type of radiating element and a second type of radiating element provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0095] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first type of radiating element and the second type of radiating element connected to the coupling conductor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0096] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the coupling conductor and the substrate provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0097] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the mounting member and the second type of radiation unit provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0098] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting member and the second type of radiation unit at another angle provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0099] Figure 10 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting member and the second type of radiation unit provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application at another angle;

[0100] Figure 11 is a perspective view of the overall structure of an antenna provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0101] Figure 12 is a top view of an antenna provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0102] Figure 13 This is provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present application Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of point A;

[0103] Figure 14 is the E-plane pattern of the antenna provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0104] Figure 15 is the E-plane pattern of the antenna in the prior art;

[0105] Figure 16 This is a comparison chart of the VSWR of the symmetrical vibrator array in the present application and the prior art;

[0106] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of peak directivity Dp and real gain GR of an antenna element provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0107] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the efficiency ηA of an antenna element provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0108] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the half-power bandwidth HPBW of an antenna element provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0109] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a vehicle provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0110] Description of reference numerals:

[0111] 10. Antenna;

[0112] 100, first type of radiation unit; F1, first polarization direction; F2, second polarization direction; F3, third direction;

[0113] 110. First kind of radiating oscillator;

[0114] 111, first radiating oscillator; 1111, first oscillator branch; 1111a, first sub-oscillator branch; 1111b, second sub-oscillator branch; 1112, third oscillator branch;

[0115] 112, second radiating oscillator; 1121, fifth oscillator branch; 1122, sixth oscillator branch;

[0116] 120. The second type of radiating oscillator;

[0117] 121, third radiating oscillator; 1211, seventh oscillator branch; 1212, eighth oscillator branch;

[0118] 122, fourth radiating oscillator; 1221, second oscillator branch; 1222, fourth oscillator branch;

[0119] 200, second type radiating element; 210, radiating conductor; 210a, disconnection interval;

[0120] 300, substrate; 310, first surface; 320, second surface; 300a, through hole;

[0121] 400, mounting member; 410a, receiving cavity;

[0122] 500, feeder; 510, first feeder; 520, second feeder;

[0123] 600, conductive cable; 610, first sub-wire; 620, second sub-wire; 630, insulation layer;

[0124] 700, coupling unit; 710, coupling conductor; 711, coupling conductor end; 712, coupling conductor body;

[0125] 1. Antenna device; H. Vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0126] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0127] Reference Figures 1 to 4 As shown, for the convenience of introduction, the upper, lower, left, right, front and back directions are adopted in the corresponding drawings to facilitate the introduction of the relative position relationship between the various parts in this application, which should not be understood as a limitation on the absolute position.

[0128] Moreover, in the present application, the first polarization direction F1 corresponds to the up and down direction, the second polarization direction F2 corresponds to the left and right direction, and the third direction F3 corresponds to the front and back direction; similarly, the first polarization direction F1 indicates the up and down direction only for the convenience of introducing the specific embodiments of the present application. There is no absolute correspondence between the first polarization direction F1 and the up and down direction. Similarly, there is no absolute correspondence between the second polarization direction F2 and the left and right direction, and the third direction F3 and the front and back direction.

[0129] The first polarization direction F1, the second polarization direction F2 and the third direction F3 of the present application are only used to express relative positional relationships. They only indicate approximate directions rather than absolute geometric relationships.

[0130] In the related art, omnidirectional antennas are the most common type of antenna in the field of wireless communications. In engineering, an omnidirectional antenna 10 generally refers to an antenna whose maximum radiation is in the horizontal direction and is uniform in all directions, rather than an antenna that radiates uniformly in all directions in space as defined in the ideal sense. Due to their omnidirectionality, small size, low wind load, and low cost, omnidirectional antennas are commonly used in broadcast stations, cellular base stations, terminal equipment, radio beacons, aerial vehicles and their ground control consoles, etc., especially terminal equipment. Since their position relative to the fixed station changes all the time, the use of omnidirectional antennas is undoubtedly the best choice. In this case, the terminal equipment can communicate with the fixed station regardless of its orientation, and vice versa. There are many types of omnidirectional antennas, which are divided into three categories according to the polarization mode: vertical polarization, horizontal polarization, and circular polarization. Among them, the basic radiating unit of vertical polarization is a dipole, the basic radiating unit of horizontal polarization is an Alford loop antenna, and the basic radiating unit of circular polarization is a combination of the two. Furthermore, the basic radiating units of the latter two are essentially symmetrical oscillators or electric small loop antennas. Due to the 360° horizontal radiation, the directivity of omnidirectional antennas is usually low. For example, the directivity of a half-wave dipole is 2.15dBi, and that of an Alford loop antenna is 1 to 2dBi. Low directivity will result in a small signal coverage range, a low signal-to-noise ratio, and poor communication quality. To improve directivity, omnidirectional elements are usually arranged in an array along the vertical direction. In this case, the more array elements there are, the narrower the vertical surface wave width and the higher the directivity. In addition, with the growth of wireless services, omnidirectional antennas are usually required to cover multiple different frequency bands simultaneously, or continuously cover an ultra-wideband. For example, drones generally use the 2.4G / 5.15G / 5.85G ISM bands, as well as 4G bands such as 1.8G / 2.1G / 2.3G. Due to the dispersion effect of the feeder, as the number of array elements increases and the number of frequency bands increases, the current distribution on each array element is inconsistent, and the current distribution in different frequency bands is also different, making the multi-frequency / wideband high-gain omnidirectional antenna 10 technically difficult to implement. Furthermore, due to the inherent characteristics of symmetrical oscillators, whether it is an H / V polarization unit or a multi-unit coaxial array, there is a radiation zero point in the axial direction when placed vertically. When it is used as a ground control console antenna for aircraft such as drones, there is a signal coverage blind spot in the zenith direction, which may lead to the risk of aircraft loss of control or crash.

[0131] According to the first aspect of this application, reference Figure 1 and Figure 8 , an antenna 10 is provided, comprising: a first type of radiation unit 100 and a second type of radiation unit 200.

[0132] In the embodiment of the present application, the first type radiation unit 100 has a first polarization direction F1, the second type radiation unit 200 has a second polarization direction F2, and the first polarization direction F1 and the second polarization direction F2 intersect.

[0133] Through the above technical solution, the first polarization direction F1 of the first type of radiation unit 100 and the second polarization direction F2 of the second type of radiation unit 200 are arranged to intersect, so that the antenna 10 has two different polarization directions, and the superposition of the antenna 10 in the two polarization directions is realized, which can improve the peak gain of the antenna 10.

[0134] The first type radiation unit 100 and the second type radiation unit 200 in the embodiment of the present application both include radiation units capable of passing current to radiate electromagnetic waves.

[0135] Specifically, when the antenna 10 is placed vertically, along the axial direction, the radiation field of the first type radiation unit 100 and the radiation field of the second type radiation unit 200 will increase in phase in the vertex direction, thereby increasing the vertex gain.

[0136] It should be noted that the reference Figure 14 The vertex in the embodiment of the present application refers to the position where the angle Theta in the E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna 10 is 0 when the antenna 10 is placed vertically, which is defined as the vertex.

[0137] refer to Figure 15 , Figure 15 This is the E-plane directional diagram of the symmetrical oscillator in the prior art, and the C frame shows Figure 15 The peak gain in the range is -34.85dBi to -17.5dBi.

[0138] refer to Figure 14 , Figure 14 This is the E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna 10 of the embodiment of the present application, and the B frame shows Figure 14 The peak gain is -21.96dBi to -2.85dBi, the peak gain is not 0, the peak gain is increased, and the peak gain can be increased by 2dB to 17dB.

[0139] Figure 14 The directional pattern shows that the vertex gain of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application is significantly better than Figure 15 The vertex gain of the antenna in the prior art can overcome the defect of poor signal in the axial direction of the antenna.

[0140] Figure 14 and Figure 15 The name in the table represents a point, and Theta represents an angle. The table shows the gain value corresponding to each frequency when the angle Theta = 0, that is, the vertex.

[0141] In some embodiments, the first polarization direction F1 and the second polarization direction F2 are perpendicular.

[0142] By arranging the first polarization direction F1 and the second polarization direction F2 perpendicularly, that is, the first polarization direction F1 and the second polarization direction F2 are orthogonal to each other, energy can be highly concentrated at the position of the vertex.

[0143] In the embodiment of the present application, the first polarization direction F1 includes a vertical polarization direction, and the second polarization direction F2 includes a horizontal polarization direction. The first type of radiation unit 100 in the embodiment of the present application is used to generate a first type of electromagnetic wave, which is an electromagnetic wave polarized along the vertical polarization direction, and the second type of radiation unit 200 is used to generate a second type of electromagnetic wave, which is an electromagnetic wave polarized along the horizontal polarization direction. In this way, the two types of electromagnetic waves can be superimposed at the vertex, thereby overcoming the defect of the antenna 10 in the prior art having a gain of 0 at the vertex, so that the antenna 10 equipped with the embodiment of the present application also has an effective signal at the vertex, thereby improving the reliability of the antenna 10.

[0144] In the embodiment of the present application, the radiation direction of the first type of electromagnetic waves is perpendicular to the first polarization direction F1, and the radiation direction of the second type of electromagnetic waves is perpendicular to the second polarization direction F2.

[0145] In some embodiments, the second type radiation unit 200 includes: a radiation conductor 210 .

[0146] The radiating conductor 210 in the embodiment of the present application is configured to radiate a second type of electromagnetic wave according to a current parallel to the first polarization direction F1.

[0147] The radiating conductor 210 in the embodiment of the present application is independent of the first type radiating unit 100 . Thus, the radiating conductor 210 and the first type radiating unit 100 can be non-contact coupled to improve the peak gain.

[0148] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the radiating conductor 210 surrounds the first-type radiating element 100. In this way, the coupling area between the radiating conductor 210 and the first-type radiating element 100 can be increased, so that the radiating conductor 210 can be closer to the first-type radiating element 100 when the radiating conductor 210 and the first-type radiating element 100 are non-contact coupled.

[0149] In some embodiments, an orthographic projection of at least a portion of the radiating conductor 210 along a projection plane parallel to the second polarization direction F2 is arc-shaped; wherein the second polarization direction F2 is parallel to a tangent direction of the radiating conductor 210 .

[0150] By configuring at least a portion of the radiating conductor 210 to have an arc-shaped orthographic projection along a projection plane parallel to the second polarization direction F2, at least a portion of the radiating conductor 210 can be configured as an arc-shaped structure. This allows the current parallel to the second polarization direction F2 to be continuously distributed along the arc-shaped radiating conductor 210 with a certain curvature, thereby forming a superimposed electromagnetic field at the vertex, further improving the vertex gain.

[0151] For example, one half of the radiation conductor 210 may be constructed as an arc structure, with the inner concave surface of the arc facing the first type radiation unit 100 , and the outer convex surface of the arc being farther away from the first type radiation unit 100 relative to the inner concave surface.

[0152] For example, the entire radiation conductor 210 may be constructed as an arc-shaped structure, and the entire radiation conductor 210 is disposed around the first type radiation unit 100 .

[0153] The current direction of the current flowing through the radiation conductor 210 is the tangential direction of the radiation conductor 210 .

[0154] In some embodiments, when a current parallel to the first polarization direction F1 is passed through the first-type radiating unit 100, the first-type radiating unit 100 generates a first-type electromagnetic field and radiates a first-type electromagnetic wave; wherein the radiating conductor 210 couples with the first-type electromagnetic field of the first-type radiating unit 100, so that the radiating conductor 210 induces a current parallel to the second polarization direction F2, thereby radiating a second-type electromagnetic wave.

[0155] By providing the radiating conductor 210 to couple with the first type of electromagnetic field of the first type radiating element 100, the radiating conductor 210 can induce a current parallel to the second polarization direction F2 to radiate the second type of electromagnetic waves. This induction method does not require an additional feeder cable corresponding to the radiating conductor 210. Furthermore, the current induced by the radiating conductor 210 can have a certain matching relationship with the current supplied to the first type radiating element 100 and will not be affected by the frequency of the additional current supplied to the radiating conductor 210.

[0156] refer to Figures 3 to 7 For example, the radiating conductors 210 in the embodiment of the present application may be arranged opposite to each other, and the two oppositely arranged radiating conductors 210 both surround the first type radiation unit 100 .

[0157] In some embodiments, an open gap 210a is defined between the ends of two opposing radiating conductors 210. This allows the two opposing radiating conductors 210 to be independently disposed without forming a closed current loop. This prevents current connection between the two opposing radiating conductors 210, thereby reducing the electromagnetic coupling strength between the two opposing radiating conductors 210 and ensuring that the induced current generated by the radiating conductors 210 is parallel to the second polarization direction F2, that is, parallel to the horizontal direction, further improving the peak gain.

[0158] For example, the radiation conductor 210 in the embodiment of the present application may be made of metal.

[0159] In some embodiments, the curvature of the radiating conductor 210 is smaller than π / 2, that is, the central angle of the radiating conductor 210 is set to be smaller than 90°, so that the second type of electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiating conductor 210 are more uniform.

[0160] So, reference Figures 9 to 11 The two oppositely disposed radiation conductors 210 may be constructed as metal arc rings, and the two metal arc rings are oppositely disposed to define a disconnection gap 210 a.

[0161] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the disconnected spaces 210 a are radially arranged from top to bottom and from left to right, and the openings of the disconnected spaces 210 a gradually increase in size.

[0162] In some embodiments, reference Figure 10 The arc length of the radiating conductor 210 gradually increases along the first polarization direction F1, so that a non-uniformly arranged second type radiating unit 200 can be formed in the first polarization direction F1, thereby matching multiple frequency bands.

[0163] For example, the second type of radiation unit 200 in the embodiment of the present application can cover 2.4G, 4G, 5.2G, and multiple frequency bands, including 4G networks and conventional wifi bands. When there is no wifi signal, the 4G network signal can also be used, ensuring that the signal coverage of the terminal device equipped with the antenna in the embodiment of the present application is more stable and improving the reliability of the terminal device during operation.

[0164] In some other embodiments, the arc length of the radiating conductor 210 may be set to be the same along the first polarization direction F1 .

[0165] By arranging the radiating conductors 210 with equal arc lengths along the first polarization direction F1, the radiation distribution in the horizontal plane can be made more uniform and the out-of-roundness can be reduced. Moreover, since the arc lengths of the radiating conductors 210 are equal, the processing can be made more consistent and the processing difficulty can be reduced.

[0166] In some embodiments, along a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction F1 , projections of two opposing radiating conductors 210 on the first projection plane at least partially overlap.

[0167] By at least partially overlapping the projections of the two opposing radiation conductors 210 on the first projection plane, the electromagnetic waves radiated by the two opposing radiation conductors 210 can be superimposed, thereby increasing the peak gain.

[0168] For example, two opposing radiating conductors 210 are arranged to face each other, that is, the projections of the two opposing radiating conductors 210 on the first projection plane completely overlap, so that the two opposing radiating conductors 210 can induce symmetrically distributed horizontal currents, which can significantly improve the vertex gain, thereby achieving a higher altitude.

[0169] In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 6 , the antenna 10 further includes: a substrate 300 .

[0170] The substrate 300 in the embodiment of the present application is used to connect the first type radiation unit 100; wherein, the second type radiation unit 200 is provided independently of the substrate 300.

[0171] By providing a substrate 300 connected to the first type radiating element 100, and providing the second type radiating element 200 independently of the substrate 300, the second type radiating element 200 is not directly connected to the substrate 300. That is, there is no direct conductor connection between the second type radiating element 200 and the substrate 300, but an electrical connection is achieved through the first type radiating element 100. As described above, the second type radiating element 200 is located in the electromagnetic field of the first type radiating element 100 to induce an induced current parallel to the tangent direction of the radiating conductor 210 of the second type radiating element 200.

[0172] In the embodiment of the present application, the second type radiation unit 200 is arranged around the first type radiation unit 100 and the substrate 300 to ensure that the radiation conductor 210 can be located in the electromagnetic field of the first type radiation unit 100 to achieve better coupling.

[0173] It should be noted that the second type of radiation unit 200 in the embodiment of the present application is not directly connected to the substrate 300 , that is, the radiation conductor 210 is not directly connected to the substrate 300 .

[0174] Along the second projection plane perpendicular to the first polarization direction F1, the projection of the substrate 300 of the embodiment of the present application on the second projection plane and the projection of the radiating conductor 210 on the second projection plane are staggered, and the projection of the substrate 300 on the second projection plane is located within the projection of the end face of the coupling conductor 710 that defines the disconnection gap 210a on the second projection plane, that is, the side of the substrate 300 on which the radiating oscillator is not provided is arranged toward the disconnection gap 210a.

[0175] Exemplarily, the substrate 300 may be a high-performance dielectric substrate 300 with low loss and low dielectric constant. For example, the dielectric constant εr of the selected substrate 300 is 2.2 to 4.0, and the loss angle tanδ is less than 0.002.

[0176] In some embodiments, reference Figures 8 to 12 The antenna 10 further includes: a mounting member 400 .

[0177] The mounting member 400 in the embodiment of the present application has a accommodating cavity 410a; wherein the substrate 300 and the first type radiation unit 100 are located in the accommodating cavity 410a, the second type radiation unit 200 is connected to the mounting member 400, and the radiation conductor 210 is located outside the accommodating cavity 410a.

[0178] The mounting member 400 surrounds the periphery of the substrate 300, and the second type of radiation unit 200 is connected to the mounting member 400 and is located outside the accommodating cavity 410a. The substrate 300 and the first type of radiation unit 100 are located inside the accommodating cavity 410a. In this way, the mounting member 400 can isolate the first type of radiation unit 100 from external electromagnetic interference.

[0179] Furthermore, the second type radiation unit 200 is connected to the mounting member 400 , and the mounting member 400 can be reused, without the need for other components to connect the second type radiation unit 200 and the mounting member 400 .

[0180] Exemplarily, the mounting member 400 can be constructed as a cover structure, surrounding the periphery of the substrate 300 and the first type of radiation unit 100, with one end of the housing cavity 410a of the cover having an opening and the other end being closed, thereby forming a housing cavity 410a with one end open in the cover, and the entire substrate 300 is arranged in the housing cavity 410a, and both ends of the substrate 300 are connected to the inner wall surface of the cover structure, thereby achieving the effect of covering the first type of radiation unit 100 with the cover structure, and the second type of radiation unit 200 is located outside the housing cavity 410a and connected to the outer wall surface of the cover structure.

[0181] Furthermore, the cover structure of the embodiment of the present application can be constructed as an arc plate structure with a certain wall thickness, and the end of the arc plate structure is closed and connected, and the radiating conductor 210 of the embodiment of the present application is attached to the outer surface of the arc plate. The cover structure can be made of conventional plastic materials such as PC, PVC, PPS, ABS, PET, etc.

[0182] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the mounting member 400 gradually increases parallel to the first polarization direction F1, that is, the outer diameter of the mounting member 400 gradually increases from top to bottom, so that the radiating conductor 210 with an arc length gradually increasing along the first polarization direction F1 can be attached to the outer wall surface of the mounting member 400.

[0183] For example, the mounting member 400 may be configured to be conical, with the outer diameter of the conical mounting member 400 gradually increasing. When the mounting member 400 is configured to be conical, the angle α formed between the outer wall of the cone and the direction parallel to the first polarization direction F1 is the draft angle α. The draft angle α may range from 1° to 10°, for example, 1°, 2°, 3.5°, 5°, 8°, or 10°. The specific angle is set based on actual needs and is not limited herein.

[0184] Exemplarily, the mounting member 400 can be made of a low-loss, low-dielectric constant dielectric material, such as a dielectric constant εr = 3.0 to 5.0, and a loss angle tanδ < 0.02. This setting ensures that the electromagnetic waves are refracted in the horizontal direction to improve the directivity, while reducing the reflection on the inner wall of the cover, increasing the high-frequency directivity by about 0.5dBi, and facilitating the demolding operation of the mounting member 400, thereby improving the demolding yield of the mounting member 400.

[0185] In some other embodiments, the outer diameters of the mounting member 400 may be set to be equal. In this case, the arc lengths of the radiating conductors 210 attached to the outer wall of the mounting member 400 may be set to be equal, or the arc lengths of the radiating conductors 210 may gradually increase from top to bottom along the first polarization direction F1.

[0186] It should be noted that the reference Figure 12 In the embodiment of the present application, a disconnection gap 210 a is provided between the ends of the two opposite radiation conductors 210 , and the curvature of the disconnection gap 210 a gradually increases from top to bottom along the first polarization direction F1 .

[0187] refer to Figure 8 Taking the embodiment of the present application in which the outer diameter of the mounting member 400 gradually increases from top to bottom and the two opposite radiating conductors 210 are arranged opposite each other as an example, the arc length of the radiating conductor 210 also gradually increases, so that the antenna 10 of the embodiment of the present application has multiple frequency bands.

[0188] For example, the curvature of the disconnected gap 210a between two opposing radiating conductors 210 may be gradually increased. Of course, in some other embodiments, the curvature of the disconnected gap 210a between two opposing radiating conductors 210 may be set to be equal from top to bottom by setting the arc length of the radiating conductor 210.

[0189] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, four pairs of radiating conductors 210 are arranged from top to bottom, which can improve the peak gain of each frequency band to obtain a horizontal omnidirectional high-gain radiation pattern, so that terminal devices equipped with antennas, such as drones, can fly higher and farther.

[0190] The conical tube antenna cover in the embodiment of the present application has a cone bottom angle β ranging from 83° to 88°, with the optimal bottom angle β being 86.5°, which ensures that the electromagnetic waves are refracted in the horizontal direction to improve the directivity, while reducing the reflection of the inner wall of the cover of the mounting part 400. From the perspective of injection molding processing, the angle α is 90°-β is 3.5°, which facilitates injection molding processing.

[0191] In some embodiments, the first type radiation unit 100 includes a first type radiation element 110 and a second type radiation element 120 .

[0192] In the embodiment of the present application, the first type of radiation oscillator 110 is located on the first surface 310 of the substrate 300 , and the second type of radiation oscillator 120 is located on the second surface 320 of the substrate 300 .

[0193] Among them, the first type of radiating element 110 is staggered along the first projection contour of the first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction F1 and the second type of radiating element 120 is staggered along the second projection contour of the first projection plane parallel to the second polarization direction F2, thereby forming an antenna 10 in which the two types of radiating elements are asymmetric elements, which can reduce the mutual interference between the radiating elements on the two side surfaces of the substrate 300, thereby improving the aperture efficiency and obtaining maximum directivity.

[0194] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 , the substrate 300 further has: a through hole 300a.

[0195] The through hole 300 a in the embodiment of the present application is used to electrically connect the first type of radiation vibrator 110 and the second type of radiation vibrator 120 .

[0196] The through hole 300a is passed through the substrate 300 along the third direction F3;

[0197] The third direction F3 intersects the first polarization direction F1 and the second polarization direction F2.

[0198] The through hole 300a in the embodiment of the present application serves as a feeding point of the antenna 10, and can be used to form an electrical connection between the first type of radiating element 110 and the second type of radiating element 120. Current can be passed into the first type of radiating element 110 and the second type of radiating element 120 through the feeding point, so that the first type of radiating element 110 and the second type of radiating element 120, respectively located on two surfaces of the substrate 300, can radiate electromagnetic waves.

[0199] In some embodiments, along the first polarization direction F1 , the first type of radiation elements 110 are arranged on the first surface 310 ; wherein, the distances between two adjacent first type of radiation elements 110 and the through hole 300 a are different.

[0200] In the embodiment of the present application, the first type of radiation oscillators 110 are arranged on the first surface 310 of the substrate 300 along the first polarization direction F1, and the distances between two adjacent first type of radiation oscillators 110 relative to the through hole 300a are different, thereby forming an asymmetric arrangement of the first type of radiation oscillators 110 on the first surface 310.

[0201] In some embodiments, the second type radiation elements 120 are arranged on the second surface 320 along the first polarization direction F1 ; wherein the distances between two adjacent second type radiation elements 120 and the through hole 300 a are different.

[0202] In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the second type of radiation oscillators 120 along the second polarization direction F2 on the second surface of the substrate 300, and the distances between two adjacent second type of radiation oscillators 120 relative to the through hole 300a are different, the second type of radiation oscillators 120 can be asymmetrically arranged on the second surface 320.

[0203] By asymmetrically arranging the first type of radiating element 110 on the first surface 310 and asymmetrically arranging the second type of radiating element 120 on the second surface 320, the first type of radiating unit 100 of the antenna 10 can form a dual asymmetric radiator array on the substrate 300, which can cooperate with the coupling conductor 710 of the second type of radiating unit 200 to further improve the directivity.

[0204] In some embodiments, the first type of radiation element 110 has a first projection profile along a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction F1 , and the second type of radiation element 120 has a second projection profile along the first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction F1 .

[0205] The projection profiles of the two radiating elements away from the through hole 300a are symmetrically arranged with respect to the through hole 300a, and the projection profiles of the two radiating elements close to the through hole 300a are symmetrically arranged with respect to the through hole 300a.

[0206] By arranging the projection contours of the two radiating vibrators far away from the through hole 300a symmetrically about the through hole 300a, and the projection contours of the two radiating vibrators close to the through hole 300a symmetrically about the through hole 300a, that is, the two vibrators located on the first surface 310 are asymmetrically arranged, the two vibrators located on the second surface 320 are asymmetrically arranged, and the two radiating vibrators located on different surfaces and close to the through hole 300a are symmetrically arranged about the through hole 300a, and the two radiating vibrators located on different surfaces and far away from the through hole 300a are symmetrically arranged about the through hole 300a.

[0207] In the embodiment of the present application, two radiating oscillators located on different surfaces and close to the through hole 300a are symmetrically arranged about the through hole 300a, and two radiating oscillators located on different surfaces and far away from the through hole 300a are symmetrically arranged about the through hole 300a, wherein the symmetrical arrangement can be a mirror image arrangement.

[0208] Exemplarily, the first type of radiating vibrator 110 located on the first surface 310 includes a first radiating vibrator 111 and a second radiating vibrator 112 from top to bottom, and the second type of radiating vibrator 120 located on the second surface 320 includes a third radiating vibrator 121 and a fourth radiating vibrator 122 from top to bottom. The first radiating vibrator 111 and the fourth radiating vibrator 122 are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner, and the second radiating vibrator 112 and the third radiating vibrator 121 are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner, while the first radiating vibrator 111 and the second radiating vibrator 112 are asymmetrically arranged with respect to the through hole 300a, and the third radiating vibrator 121 and the fourth radiating vibrator 122 are asymmetrically arranged with respect to the through hole 300a, thereby improving the high and low frequency directivity.

[0209] refer to Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present application, the first radiating vibrator 111 , the third radiating vibrator 121 , the second radiating vibrator 112 and the fourth radiating vibrator 122 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom on the corresponding surface of the substrate 300 .

[0210] In some embodiments, the first type of radiation element 110 includes: a first type of branches.

[0211] The two first-type branches of another first-type radiating element 110 that is away from the through hole 300 a relative to the first-type radiating element 110 form a connection.

[0212] By connecting the first type branches of the first type radiating elements 110 , the gain of the antenna 10 can be further improved.

[0213] In some embodiments, the second type of radiating element 120 includes: a first type of branches;

[0214] The two first-type branches of another second-type radiating element 120 that is away from the through hole 300 a relative to the one second-type radiating element 120 form a connection.

[0215] By connecting the second type of branches of the second type of radiation element 120 , the gain of the antenna 10 can be further improved.

[0216] For example, the first type of branches of the first type of radiation oscillator 110 and the first type of direct connections of the second type of radiation oscillator 120 in the embodiment of the present application are respectively connected.

[0217] Illustratively, the first type of radiation element 110 and the second type of radiation element 120 in the embodiment of the present application further include a second type of branches.

[0218] It should be noted that the first type of branches are the outer oscillator branches of the radiating oscillator, and the second type of branches are the inner oscillator branches of the radiating oscillator.

[0219] For example, refer to Figures 1 to 5 The first radiating oscillator 111 in the embodiment of the present application includes a first oscillator branch 1111 and a third oscillator branch 1112 from top to bottom, wherein the first oscillator branch 1111 is an outer oscillator branch, and the third oscillator branch 1112 is an inner oscillator branch. The number of the first oscillator branch 1111 and the third oscillator branch 1112 are both two, and the two outer oscillator branches are symmetrically arranged, and the two inner oscillator branches are symmetrically arranged, and the ends of the two outer oscillator branches are connected together, that is, the two outer oscillator branches are intersecting.

[0220] refer to Figure 3 A horizontal conductor branch is provided between the first dipole branch 1111 and the third dipole branch 1112 , which can connect the first dipole branch 1111 and the third dipole branch 1112 in parallel.

[0221] For example, the fourth radiating oscillator 122 in the embodiment of the present application includes a second oscillator branch 1221 and a fourth oscillator branch 1222 from top to bottom, wherein the third oscillator branch 1112 is an outer oscillator branch, the second oscillator branch 1221 is an inner oscillator branch, the number of the first oscillator branch 1111 and the second oscillator branch 1221 are both two, and the two outer oscillator branches are symmetrically arranged, and the two inner oscillator branches are symmetrically arranged, and the ends of the two outer oscillator branches are connected together, that is, the two outer oscillator branches are intersecting.

[0222] Referring to the figure, a horizontal conductor branch is provided between the second dipole branch 1221 and the fourth dipole branch 1222 , which can connect the second dipole branch 1221 and the fourth dipole branch 1222 in parallel.

[0223] Illustratively, the second radiating oscillator 112 in the embodiment of the present application includes a fifth oscillator branch 1121 and a sixth oscillator branch 1122 from top to bottom, wherein the fifth oscillator branch 1121 is an outer oscillator branch, and the sixth oscillator branch 1122 is an inner oscillator branch.

[0224] refer to Figure 3 A horizontal conductor branch is provided between the fifth dipole branch 1121 and the sixth dipole branch 1122 , which can connect the fifth dipole branch 1121 and the sixth dipole branch 1122 in parallel.

[0225] Illustratively, the third radiating element 121 in the embodiment of the present application includes a seventh element branch 1211 and an eighth element branch 1212 from top to bottom, wherein the seventh element branch 1211 is an outer element branch, and the eighth element branch 1212 is an inner element branch.

[0226] refer to Figure 3 A horizontal conductor branch is provided between the seventh dipole branch 1211 and the eighth dipole branch 1212 , which can connect the seventh dipole branch 1211 and the eighth dipole branch 1212 in parallel.

[0227] For example, the length of the fifth vibrator branch 1121 may be set to be greater than the length of the second vibrator branch 1221 , and the length of the sixth vibrator branch 1122 may be set to be less than the length of the fourth vibrator branch 1222 .

[0228] Exemplarily, the length of the seventh vibrator branch 1211 is set to be greater than the length of the first vibrator branch 1111 , and the length of the eighth vibrator branch 1212 is set to be less than the length of the third vibrator branch 1112 .

[0229] Exemplarily, the length of the fourth oscillator branch 1222 is set to be the same as the length of the third oscillator branch 1112, and the length of the first oscillator branch 1111 is set to be consistent with the length of the second oscillator branch 1221, so that the first radiating oscillator 111 and the fourth radiating oscillator 122 can be mirrored with respect to the through hole 300a.

[0230] For example, the length of the eighth oscillator branch 1212 is set to the same as the length of the sixth oscillator branch 1122, and the length of the seventh oscillator branch 1211 is set to the same as the length of the fifth oscillator branch 1121, so that the second radiating oscillator 112 and the third radiating oscillator 121 can be mirrored with respect to the through hole 300a.

[0231] The lengths of the external vibrator branches in the embodiments of the present application, i.e., the first vibrator branch 1111, the second vibrator branch 1221, the fifth vibrator branch 1121, and the seventh vibrator branch 1211, can range from 0.55λ to 0.75λ, and the lengths of the third vibrator branch 1112, the fourth vibrator branch 1222, the sixth vibrator branch 1122, and the eighth vibrator branch 1212 can also range from 0.55λ to 0.75λ.

[0232] In the embodiment of the present application, each radiating oscillator further includes an intermediate oscillator branch, which is connected to the corresponding horizontal conductor branch and directly connected in parallel with the inner and outer oscillators of each radiating oscillator.

[0233] Exemplarily, the lengths of the intermediate oscillator branches of each radiating oscillator are set to be equal, and the length range of the intermediate oscillator branches is 0.40λ to 0.50λ of the highest frequency, wherein the length of the intermediate branches is less than the length of the inner oscillator branches, and the length of the inner oscillator branches is equal to the length of the outer oscillator branches. Furthermore, the lengths of the inner oscillator branches and the lengths of the outer oscillator branches can be set to 0.75λ.

[0234] In the embodiment of the present application, the central sections of the inner and outer vibrator branches are narrower and the two end sections are wider; the widening direction of the vibrator branches is inward, while the widening direction of the inner vibrator branches is outward.

[0235] In the embodiment of the present application, the connection transition between the horizontal conductor branch and the external vibrator branch is set to a bevel structure, for example, it can be a bevel angle.

[0236] To sum up, the arrangement of the first type of radiating vibrator 110 and the second type of radiating vibrator 120 in the embodiment of the present application can realize a two-element dual asymmetric vibrator, that is, the second radiating vibrator 112 and the third radiating vibrator 121 are symmetrically arranged about the through hole 300a, and the first radiating vibrator 111 and the fourth radiating vibrator 122 are symmetrically arranged about the through hole 300a, which can increase the high and low frequency directivity and ensure that the maximum radiation direction points to the horizontal plane.

[0237] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 , the antenna 10 further includes: a feed line 500 .

[0238] The feed line 500 in the embodiment of the present application is used to connect the radiating vibrator; wherein, the feed line 500 is located on one surface of the substrate 300 .

[0239] For example, referring to the figure, the feed line 500 can extend along the length direction of the substrate 300, so that the current flowing through the feed line 500 can flow along the length direction of the substrate 300 and flow to each radiating vibrator through the through hole 300a, so that each radiating vibrator can radiate corresponding electromagnetic waves.

[0240] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 The feeder 500 includes: a first feeder 510 and a second feeder 520 .

[0241] In the embodiment of the present application, the first feeder 510 is used to connect the first type of radiating element 110 , and the second feeder 520 is used to connect the second type of radiating element 120 .

[0242] By connecting the first feed line 510 and the second feed line 520 to the first type radiating element 110 and the second type radiating element 120 respectively, it is possible to feed the first type radiating element 110 and the second type radiating element 120 separately.

[0243] Exemplarily, the first feed line 510 is arranged on the first surface 310 of the substrate 300 , and the second feed line 520 is arranged on the second surface 320 of the substrate 300 .

[0244] In some embodiments, the antenna 10 further includes a conductive cable 600 .

[0245] refer to Figure 4 , the conductive cable 600 in the embodiment of the present application is used to couple the feeder 500 .

[0246] The conductive cable 600 extends along the first polarization direction F1 , and a portion of the conductive cable 600 is located in the through hole 300 a .

[0247] In some embodiments, the conductive cable 600 includes a first sub-wire 610 and a second sub-wire 620 .

[0248] In the embodiment of the present application, the first sub-line 610 is used to connect one of the first feeder 510 and the second feeder 520 , and the second sub-line 620 is used to connect the other of the first feeder 510 and the second feeder 520 .

[0249] The first sub-line 610 and the second sub-line 620 are insulated from each other.

[0250] For example, an insulating layer 630 may be provided between the first sub-line 610 and the second sub-line 620, thereby achieving an insulating arrangement between the first sub-line 610 and the second sub-line 620. For example, the insulating layer 630 may be a dielectric layer.

[0251] refer to Figure 4 , the first sub-line 610 can be electrically connected to the first feeder 510 , and the second sub-line 620 can be electrically connected to the second feeder 520 .

[0252] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 13 In the embodiment of the present application, the first sub-line 610, the insulating layer 630 and the second sub-line 620 are all coaxially arranged, and the insulating layer 630 is located between the first sub-line 610 and the second sub-line 620. The end of the first sub-line 610 passes through the insulating layer 630 and extends into the through hole 300a to be connected to the first feeder 510, and the second sub-line 620 is connected to the second feeder 520.

[0253] Of course, in some other embodiments, the first sub-line 610 may be electrically connected to the second feeder 520 , and the second sub-line 620 may be electrically connected to the first feeder 510 .

[0254] When one of the first sub-line 610 and the second sub-line 620 is connected to the first feeder 510 , a portion of the first sub-line 610 and the second sub-line 620 may be passed through a through hole 300 a and connected to the first feeder 510 by welding.

[0255] When the other of the first sub-line 610 and the second sub-line 620 is connected to the second feeder 520, the other of the first sub-line 610 and the second sub-line 620 can be welded to the second feeder 520, and the number of welding points between the other of the first sub-line 610 and the second sub-line 620 and the second feeder 520 can be two, or three, or more. By setting multiple welding points between the other of the first sub-line 610 and the second sub-line 620 and the second feeder 520, the influence of the conductive cable 600 on the performance of the antenna 10 can be reduced.

[0256] The conductive cable 600 in the embodiment of the present application can be fed by a 50Ω cable, which is simple, convenient, low-cost, and has little impact on the directional pattern.

[0257] The first sub-wire 610 of the conductive cable 600 in the embodiment of the present application is equivalent to an inner conductor, which can be electrically connected to one of the first feeder 510 and the second feeder 520, and the second sub-wire 620 is equivalent to an outer conductor, which is electrically connected to the other of the first feeder 510 and the second feeder 520.

[0258] For example, referring to the figure, the first sub-line 610 in the embodiment of the present application needs to pass through the second sub-line 620 so that it can be electrically connected to the first feeder 510, and the length of the second sub-line 620 is shorter than the first sub-line 610, so that it can be electrically connected to the second feeder 520.

[0259] In some embodiments, the first type radiation element 110 and the second type radiation element 120 further include a second type branch, which is used to electrically connect to the feed line 500 .

[0260] Among them, the second type of branches are located in the space defined by the first type of branches.

[0261] The second type of branches in the embodiment of the present application are connected to the feeder 500 via horizontal conductor branches.

[0262] In the embodiment of the present application, the second type of branches are inner vibrator branches, and the first type of branches are outer vibrator branches. Two outer vibrator branches define a space, and the inner vibrator branch is located in the space defined by the two outer vibrator branches.

[0263] For example, refer to Figure 1The outer vibrator branch includes two first vibrator branches 1111 , and the inner vibrator branch includes two third vibrator branches 1112 . The two third vibrator branches 1112 are both located in the relative space between the two first vibrator branches 1111 .

[0264] In some embodiments, the antenna 10 further includes: a coupling unit 700 .

[0265] The coupling unit 700 in the embodiment of the present application is used to connect the first type of branches of at least one of the first type of radiation element 110 and the second type of radiation element 120 ; wherein, at least a portion of the coupling unit 700 surrounds the first type of branches.

[0266] In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the coupling unit 700, the current path of the radiating oscillator can be extended to generate a new lower 4G frequency band, thereby increasing the low-frequency resonance, thereby improving the low-frequency matching and achieving miniaturization, so that the antenna 10 in the embodiment of the present application can achieve five-band omnidirectional operation.

[0267] For example, the coupling unit 700 may be connected to the first dipole branch 1111 of the first radiation dipole 111 , thereby extending the current path of the first dipole branch 1111 .

[0268] For example, the coupling unit 700 may be connected to the fifth dipole branch 1121 of the second radiation dipole 112 , thereby extending the current path of the fifth dipole branch 1121 .

[0269] For example, the coupling unit 700 may be connected to the seventh dipole branch 1211 of the third radiation dipole 121 , thereby extending the current path of the seventh dipole branch 1211 .

[0270] For example, the coupling unit 700 may be connected to the second dipole branch 1221 of the fourth radiation dipole 122 , thereby extending the current path of the second dipole branch 1221 .

[0271] In some embodiments, the coupling unit 700 includes a coupling conductor 710 .

[0272] The coupling conductor 710 in the embodiment of the present application is used to connect the first type of branches.

[0273] The coupling conductors 710 extend along the second polarization direction F2 , and the coupling conductors 710 are arranged along the first polarization direction F1 .

[0274] By connecting the coupling conductor 710 to the first type of branch and extending the coupling conductor 710 along the second polarization direction F2, the coupling conductor 710 can be arranged to surround the first type of branch, and the current flowing through the first type of branch can flow into the coupling conductor 710, so that the coupling conductor 710 can radiate electromagnetic waves.

[0275] Furthermore, the provision of the coupling conductor 710 can also improve the coupling degree between the first type radiation unit 100 and the second type radiation unit 200 , that is, can improve the coupling degree between the radiation conductor 210 and the radiation oscillator and the coupling conductor 710 .

[0276] Exemplarily, the coupling conductor 710 can be constructed as a cylindrical conductor sheet. For example, the first type of branch includes a first dipole branch 1111 , one end of the cylindrical conductor sheet is connected to the first dipole branch 1111 , and the other end is independently set to the first dipole branch 1111 .

[0277] In some embodiments, the projection of the coupling conductor 710 along the first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction F1 coincides with the projection of the radiating conductor 210 along the first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction F1, thereby enhancing the surface current continuity of the radiating conductor 210.

[0278] Exemplarily, the width of the coupling conductor 710 can be set to be smaller than the width of the radiating conductor 210, so that the projection of the coupling conductor 710 along the first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction F1 can be located within the projection of the radiating conductor 210 along the first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction F1.

[0279] In some embodiments, the coupling conductor 710 includes a coupling conductor end 711 and a coupling conductor body 712 .

[0280] In the embodiment of the present application, the coupling conductor end portion 711 is used to connect to the first type of branches, and the coupling conductor body 712 is used to connect to the coupling conductor end portion 711 .

[0281] The coupling conductor end portion 711 is located between the coupling conductor body 712 and the first type of branch.

[0282] In some embodiments, the number of the coupling conductors 710 is at least two; wherein the two coupling conductor ends 711 connected to the same first-type branch are connected, and the two coupling conductor bodies 712 are independently provided.

[0283] refer to Figure 5A coupling conductor 710 can be set on both sides of the first type of branch including the first vibrator branch 1111, which are defined as the first coupling conductor 710 and the second coupling conductor 710 respectively, wherein the first end of the first coupling conductor 710 is connected to one of the first vibrator branches 1111, and the second end of the second coupling conductor 710 away from the first coupling conductor 710 is connected to the other first vibrator branch 1111, and the part of the first coupling conductor 710 away from the first end of the first coupling conductor 710 is independently set from the first vibrator branch 1111, and the part of the second coupling conductor 710 away from the second end of the second coupling conductor 710 is independently set from the first vibrator branch 1111.

[0284] It should be noted that the connection method between the coupling conductor 710 of the outer oscillator branch corresponding to other radiating oscillators and the first oscillator branch 1111 and the first coupling conductor 710 and the second coupling conductor 710 in the embodiment of the present application is the same, and will not be repeated here.

[0285] For example, the coupling conductor end 711 of the first coupling conductor 710 is directly connected to the first dipole branch 1111, while the coupling conductor end 711 of the second coupling conductor 710 passes through the substrate 300 and is connected to another first dipole branch 1111. For example, a corresponding groove may be provided on the substrate 300 to connect the coupling conductor end 711 of the second coupling conductor 710 to another first dipole branch 1111.

[0286] For example, the first oscillator branch 1111 includes a first sub-oscillator branch 1111a and a second sub-oscillator branch 1111b, wherein the coupling conductor end 711 of the first coupling conductor 710 is connected to the first sub-oscillator branch 1111a, and the coupling conductor end 711 of the second coupling conductor 710 passes through the groove opened on the substrate 300 and is connected to the second sub-oscillator branch 1111b.

[0287] For example, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7 Two coupling conductors 710 can be set on one side of the first sub-oscillator branch 1111a, and the first ends of the two coupling conductors 710 are connected to the first sub-oscillator branch 1111a, and the two coupling conductors 710 are connected to the same place of the first oscillator branch 1111, that is, the first ends of the coupling conductors 710 of the two coupling conductors 710 are connected to the first sub-oscillator branch 1111a, and there is a gap between the coupling conductor bodies 712 of the two coupling conductors 710, that is, the coupling conductor bodies 712 of the two coupling conductors 710 are independently set, and the ends of the two coupling conductor bodies 712 are disconnected, and the arc of the disconnection is less than π.

[0288] In some embodiments, the arc of the coupling conductor 710 is less than π / 2.

[0289] In some embodiments, the ratio of the width of the coupling conductor 710 to the arc length ranges from 0.20 to 0.50.

[0290] Exemplarily, the curvature of the coupling conductor 710 is set to 45°, 50°, 60°, 80°, and 85°.

[0291] Figure 16 This is a comparison diagram of the standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the asymmetric dual-frequency array of the present application and the conventional symmetric sub-array in the prior art, wherein the solid line represents the standing wave ratio of the asymmetric dual-frequency array of the present application, and the dotted line represents the standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the conventional symmetric sub-array in the prior art. It can be obtained that the embodiment of the present application has four frequency bands of 1.7G / 2.44G / 5.15G / 5.85G, while the prior art has only three frequency bands of 2.4G / 5.15G / 5.85G. The embodiment of the present application achieves the effect of adding a low frequency band by setting a coupling conductor. The embodiment of the present application is superior to the conventional symmetric sub-array in the prior art in the standing wave ratio of the entire frequency band of 1.58-5.85GHz.

[0292] Figure 17 is the peak directivity Dp and real gain GR of the antenna element provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present application, Figure 17 In the figure, the solid line represents the peak directivity Dp, and the value range of Dp is 2.32dBi to 7.39dBi. The dotted line represents the real gain GR, and the value range of GR is 1.51 to 7.04dBi.

[0293] Figure 17 The antenna of the present application still maintains a gain of 7.04dBi at 5.85GHz.

[0294] Figure 18 is the efficiency ηA of the antenna element provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present application, Figure 18 The efficiency ηA of each frequency band shown in FIG ranges from 79% to 92.7%.

[0295] Figure 19 is the half-power bandwidth HPBW of the antenna element provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present application, Figure 19 The HPBW values ​​shown in range from 22.86 to 78.44°.

[0296] Figures 16 to 19 The name in represents a point, and m1 to m5 are points corresponding to each frequency, which correspond to the values ​​of the vertical coordinates in each figure.

[0297] In summary, the antenna 10 in the embodiment of the present application achieves a relatively ideal horizontal omnidirectional high-gain pattern at the five frequencies of 1.58G / 1.98G / 2.44G / 5.15G / 5.85G in the four frequency bands of 1.7G / 2.44G / 5.15G / 5.85G, with a peak directivity Dp of 2.32 to 7.39dBi, a real gain GR of 1.51 to 7.04dBi, and an efficiency ηA of 79% to 92.7%. Moreover, the gain improvement effect is significant at the vertex Theta = 0°, with a maximum improvement of approximately 17dB.

[0298] According to a second aspect of the present application, an antenna device 1 is provided. The antenna device 1 includes the antenna 10 as described above.

[0299] The antenna device 1 in the embodiment of the present application adopts the antenna 10 described above, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the antenna 10 described above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0300] According to a third aspect of the present application, a terminal is provided, which includes the antenna 10 or the antenna device 1 as described above.

[0301] The terminal in the embodiment of the present application adopts the antenna 10 described above, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the antenna 10 described above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0302] The terminal in the embodiment of the present application adopts the antenna device 1 described above, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the antenna device 1 described above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0303] In some embodiments, the terminal comprises a drone.

[0304] The drone in the embodiment of the present application is equipped with the above-mentioned antenna 10. In response to the needs of drone scenarios, the drone is equipped with the above-mentioned antenna 10, and can use the multi-frequency vibrator of the above-mentioned antenna 10 as a radiation unit to form a high-gain omnidirectional array, and set a semicircular metal ring on the surface of the antenna 10 cover to achieve 1.7G / 1.98G / 2.4G / 5.15G / 5.85G five-frequency horizontal omnidirectional operation, and the gain of each frequency band is 1.51 / 3.32 / 2.72 / 5.62 / 7.04dBi, and the vertex gain is increased by about 12.88 / 17.80 / 14.28 / 10.84 / -0.27dB respectively. The improvement effect is very significant, which solves the technical problem of loss of connection caused by the blind spot of the overhead signal of the drone. At the same time, the drone in the embodiment of the present application can achieve the effects of multi-band, horizontal high gain and overhead gain improvement, among which the multi-band design can cover 4G network and WiFi at the same time. The 2.4G / 5.2G / 5.8G frequency bands ensure the stability and reliability of the drone signal coverage; the high horizontal gain ensures that the drone can fly far and reliably; the enhanced overhead gain ensures that the drone can fly farther horizontally and higher vertically.

[0305] According to the fourth aspect of this application, reference Figure 20 , a vehicle H is provided, the vehicle H includes the antenna 10 as described above, or the antenna device 1 as described above, or the terminal as described above.

[0306] The vehicle H in the embodiment of the present application adopts the antenna 10 described above, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the antenna 10 described above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0307] The vehicle H in the embodiment of the present application adopts the antenna device 1 described above, and thus has all the beneficial effects of the antenna device 1 described above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0308] The vehicle H in the embodiment of the present application adopts the terminal described above, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the terminal described above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0309] The vehicle H may be a fuel vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, a new energy vehicle, etc., and this disclosure does not make any specific limitation thereto.

[0310] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0311] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0312] The embodiments, implementation methods and related technical features of the present application can be combined and replaced with each other without conflict.

[0313] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present application and do not constitute any form of limitation to the present application. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present application without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present application are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: include: The first type of radiation unit has a first polarization direction; and The second type of radiating element has a second polarization direction; The first polarization direction and the second polarization direction intersect.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The first polarization direction is perpendicular to the second polarization direction.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein: The second type of radiation unit includes: a radiation conductor configured to radiate a second type of electromagnetic wave according to a current parallel to the first polarization direction; The radiation conductor is independent of the first type radiation unit.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein: At least a portion of the radiating conductor surrounds the first type radiating element.

5. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein: The orthographic projection of at least a portion of the radiating conductor along a projection plane parallel to the second polarization direction is an arc; The second polarization direction is parallel to the tangent direction of the radiation conductor.

6. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein: When a current parallel to a first polarization direction is passed through the first type of radiation unit, the first type of radiation unit generates a first type of electromagnetic field and radiates the first type of electromagnetic wave; The radiating conductor is coupled with the first type of electromagnetic field of the first type of radiating unit, so that the radiating conductor induces a current parallel to the second polarization direction to radiate a second type of electromagnetic wave.

7. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein: A disconnection gap is defined between the ends of the two opposing radiation conductors.

8. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein: The radiating conductor has an arc angle smaller than π / 2.

9. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein: The arc length of the radiation conductor gradually increases along the first polarization direction.

10. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein Along a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction, projections of the two opposing radiating conductors on the first projection plane at least partially overlap.

11. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that The antenna further comprises: a substrate, used for connecting the first type of radiating units; Wherein, the second type of radiation unit is independent of the substrate.

12. The antenna according to claim 11, wherein: The antenna further comprises: A mounting member having a receiving cavity; The substrate and the first type of radiation unit are located in the accommodating cavity, the second type of radiation unit is connected to the mounting member, and the second type of radiation unit is located outside the accommodating cavity.

13. The antenna according to claim 12, wherein: Along a direction parallel to the first polarization direction, the outer diameter of the mounting member gradually increases or is set to be equal.

14. The antenna according to claim 11, wherein The first type of radiation unit includes: A first type of radiation oscillator is located on the first surface of the substrate; and A second type of radiation vibrator is located on the second surface of the substrate; The first type of radiating elements are staggered along a first projection contour of a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction, and the second type of radiating elements are staggered along a second projection contour of the first projection plane parallel to the second polarization direction.

15. The antenna according to claim 14, wherein: The substrate further comprises: a through hole, used for electrically connecting the first type of radiating oscillator and the second type of radiating oscillator; Wherein, the through hole penetrates the substrate along the third direction; The third direction intersects the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction.

16. The antenna according to claim 15, characterized in that The first type of radiating elements are arranged on the first surface along a first polarization direction; The distances between two adjacent first-type radiation elements and the through hole are different.

17. The antenna according to claim 15, wherein: Along the first polarization direction, the second type of radiating elements are arranged on the second surface; The distances between two adjacent second-type radiation elements and the through hole are different.

18. The antenna according to claim 15, wherein: The first type of radiating element has a first projection profile along a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction; The second type of radiating element has a second projection profile along a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction; The projection contours of the two radiating elements away from the through hole are symmetrically arranged with respect to the through hole.

19. The antenna according to claim 15, wherein The first type of radiating element has a first projection profile along a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction; The second type of radiating element has a second projection profile along a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction; The projection contours of the two radiating elements close to the through hole are symmetrically arranged with respect to the through hole.

20. The antenna according to claim 15, wherein The first type of radiating oscillators and the second type of radiating oscillators include: first type of branches; Wherein, two first-type branches of another first-type radiating oscillator far away from the through hole relative to one first-type radiating oscillator form a connection; and / or Wherein, two first-type branches of another second-type radiating element farther away from the through hole than one second-type radiating element form a connection.

21. The antenna according to claim 15, wherein The antenna further comprises: A feeder line, used for connecting the radiating element; Wherein, the feed line is located on the surface of the substrate.

22. The antenna according to claim 21, wherein The feeder includes: A first feeder, used for connecting the first type of radiating element; and The second feeder is used to connect the second type of radiating element.

23. The antenna according to claim 22, wherein: The antenna further comprises: a conductive cable for coupling the feeder; The conductive cable extends along a first polarization direction, and a portion of the conductive cable is located in the through hole.

24. The antenna according to claim 23, wherein: The conductive cable comprises: a first sub-line, used to connect one of the first feeder and the second feeder; a second sub-line, used to connect the other of the first feeder and the second feeder; The first sub-wire and the second sub-wire are insulated from each other.

25. The antenna according to claim 23, wherein The first type of radiating oscillators and the second type of radiating oscillators further include: The second type of branches are used to electrically connect the feeder; Wherein, the second type of branches are located in the space defined by the first type of branches.

26. The antenna according to claim 25, characterized in that The antenna further comprises: a coupling unit, configured to connect the first-type branch of at least one of the first-type radiating element and the second-type radiating element; Wherein, at least a portion of the coupling unit surrounds the first type of branches.

27. The antenna according to claim 26, characterized in that The coupling unit includes: A coupling conductor, used for connecting the first type of branches; The coupling conductors extend along the second polarization direction, and the coupling conductors are arranged along the first polarization direction.

28. The antenna according to claim 27, characterized in that A projection of the coupling conductor along a first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction coincides with a projection of the radiating conductor along the first projection plane parallel to the first polarization direction.

29. The antenna according to claim 27, wherein The coupling conductor comprises: A coupling conductor end portion, used for connecting to the first type of branches; A coupling conductor body, used for connecting the coupling conductor end; The end portion of the coupling conductor is located between the coupling conductor body and the first type of branch.

30. The antenna according to claim 27, wherein The number of the coupling conductors is at least two; The ends of the two coupling conductors connected to the same first-type branch are connected, and the two coupling conductor bodies are independently provided.

31. The antenna according to claim 28, wherein The radian of the coupling conductor is smaller than π / 2.

32. An antenna device, characterized in that: The antenna device comprises the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 31.

33. A terminal, characterized in that: The terminal includes the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 30 or the antenna device according to claim 31.

34. The terminal according to claim 33, characterized in that The terminal includes a drone.

35. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle includes the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 31 , the antenna device according to claim 32 , or the terminal according to claim 33 or 34 .

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