Three-dimensional collaborative modularized integrated extension method and system for small airport terminal

Abstract

The invention discloses a small airport terminal three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated extension method and system, and the method comprises the steps: designing passenger throughput operation data according to a small airport terminal, and dynamically calculating the peak hour passenger amount; according to the peak hour passenger volume, calculating the calculation quantity of the corresponding equipment facilities by adopting an equipment facility bearing capacity function; the method comprises the following steps: dividing the space of a small airport terminal into five three-dimensional collaborative modules and forming a novel spatial layout based on REVIT software according to the passenger and luggage entry and exit process of the small airport terminal; generating a staged modular intelligent expansion strategy according to the calculated number of the equipment facilities and the three-dimensional cooperation module; and expansion in the horizontal or vertical direction is carried out according to a staged modular intelligent expansion strategy. According to the invention, the problems of low operation efficiency of multiple terminals, insufficient resource utilization and disordered passenger lines after the expansion design of the existing terminals are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of airport planning and design, and in particular to a three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method and system for a small airport terminal. Background Art

[0002] The number of domestic civil aviation airports is rapidly increasing, and the construction of small and medium-sized airports is poised for a new surge. Compared to large airports, small airport terminals feature simpler system architectures, clearly defined functional divisions, and a single spatial hierarchy. These terminals naturally lend themselves to standardized and modular design concepts, offering the potential for improving construction efficiency and reducing costs.

[0003] However, the operation of small airport terminals exhibits significant dynamism: on the one hand, passenger flow fluctuates greatly from hour to hour, day to day, and year to year due to factors such as regional economic development, tourism peak and off-seasons, and public emergencies. Traditional design methods based on fixed prediction models are unable to meet actual needs; on the other hand, uncertainties such as regional traffic planning adjustments and route network changes make it difficult to accurately predict the future development direction of the terminal, placing extremely high demands on the terminal's flexible expansion and functional adaptability.

[0004] As passenger traffic at small airports continues to climb, existing facilities are unable to meet passenger travel needs and require expansion. Currently, the development of small airport terminals lacks coordination for both the short and long term. The traditional terminal layout model cannot adequately accommodate check-in areas, security screening areas, baggage claim areas, and waiting areas. Consequently, new terminals have to be built separately, resulting in the simultaneous operation of old and new terminals. This leads to problems such as dispersed resources and facilities, complex flow lines, and varying appearances. This objectively creates a dilemma of decentralized terminal operations and inconvenient passenger travel, hindering the improvement of service quality and sustainable development at small airports.

[0005] Existing planning and design methods cannot dynamically and flexibly adapt to construction needs. After the expansion design of the existing terminal, there are problems such as low operating efficiency of multiple terminals, insufficient resource utilization, and chaotic passenger movement.

[0006] In view of this, this application is hereby filed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing terminal expansion planning and design methods cannot dynamically and flexibly adapt to construction needs. There are problems such as low multi-terminal operation efficiency, insufficient resource utilization, and chaotic passenger movement after the existing terminal expansion design. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method and system for small airport terminals. The present invention uses data-driven and three-dimensional collaborative technology to achieve integrated and efficient operation after expansion, solving the problems of low multi-terminal operation efficiency, insufficient resource utilization, and chaotic passenger movement after the existing terminal expansion design.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion of a small airport terminal, the method comprising: Based on the passenger throughput operation data of the small airport terminal, the peak hour passenger volume is dynamically calculated; and based on the peak hour passenger volume, the equipment and facility carrying capacity function is used to calculate the corresponding number of equipment and facilities; Based on the passenger and baggage arrival and departure processes at small airport terminals, the REVIT software was used to divide the terminal space into five 3D collaborative modules, forming a new spatial layout. The 3D collaborative modules include 3D collaborative check-in module, 3D collaborative baggage module, 3D collaborative security module, 3D collaborative near-gate waiting module, and 3D collaborative equipment module. Based on the calculated number of equipment and facilities and the three-dimensional collaborative modules, a phased modular intelligent expansion strategy is generated; and horizontal or vertical expansion is carried out based on the phased modular intelligent expansion strategy.

[0009] Furthermore, based on the passenger throughput operation data of the small airport terminal, the peak hour passenger volume is dynamically calculated, including: Design passenger throughput operating data based on small airport terminals; passenger throughput operating data includes annual passenger throughput; Calculate peak hour passenger flow based on annual passenger throughput; According to the peak hour passenger flow, the peak hour coefficient is introduced, and the peak hour passenger volume is calculated based on the peak hour passenger volume model; the peak hour coefficient reflects the concentration of annual passenger volume in peak hours.

[0010] Furthermore, the peak hour passenger volume model is expressed as: , TPH represents the peak hour passenger volume, APPA represents the annual passenger throughput, and PHF represents the peak hour coefficient fitted based on the measured data.

[0011] Furthermore, the equipment and facility carrying capacity function is used to calculate the number of corresponding equipment and facilities, including: Based on the peak hour passenger volume, the one-way proportional function is used to calculate the peak hour passenger volume of outbound and peak hour passenger volume of inbound. The one-way proportional function is: , is the outbound peak hour passenger volume or the inbound peak hour passenger volume, TPH represents the peak hour passenger volume, and UC represents the corresponding one-way coefficient; Based on the peak hour outbound passenger volume and the peak hour inbound passenger volume, the first equipment (different aircraft types) facility carrying capacity function is used to calculate the peak hour outbound flights and the peak hour inbound flights; the first equipment facility carrying capacity function is: , Indicates the number of departure flights during the peak hour or arrival flights during the peak hour. is the corresponding outbound peak hour passenger volume or inbound peak hour passenger volume; Based on the peak hour passenger volume of departures, the second equipment and facility carrying capacity function is used to calculate the number of manual check-in counters and passenger security check lanes. The second equipment and facility carrying capacity function is: , is the number of manual check-in counters or passenger security check channels, is the peak hour outbound passenger volume or the peak hour inbound passenger volume, The average inspection time per passenger. Indicates the maximum queuing time of passengers, Indicates the corresponding concentration coefficient or imbalance coefficient; According to the number of departure flights during peak hours, the length of the departure baggage loading and unloading section is calculated using the third equipment and facility carrying capacity function; the third equipment and facility carrying capacity function is: , SC represents the length of the outbound baggage loading and unloading section, Indicates the number of departures during peak hours; Indicates the time a single flight occupies the loading position of the sorting carousel; Indicates the proportion of wide-body aircraft; Indicates the number of loading spaces occupied by a single wide-body aircraft; Indicates the proportion of narrow-body aircraft; Indicates the number of loading spaces occupied by a narrow-body aircraft in a single flight; Indicates the length of the loading and unloading section of a single loading location; According to the peak hour arrival times, the fourth equipment and facility carrying capacity function is used to calculate the number of extraction carousels; the fourth equipment and facility carrying capacity function is: , Indicates the number of extraction turntables; It indicates the number of aircraft arrivals during peak hours; Indicates the number of wide-body aircraft flights that can be processed simultaneously by a single pick-up carousel; Indicates the number of narrow-body aircraft flights that a single take-away carousel can handle simultaneously.

[0012] Furthermore, the new spatial layout includes first-floor modules and second-floor modules; The first floor module is centered around the check-in module, with baggage and security modules located on either side. The security module is located on the right side to prioritize the wayfinding needs of passengers on the outbound line. The second-layer modules are evenly distributed on both sides with the waiting module as the center, and the equipment modules are evenly distributed on the opposite side of the waiting module; among them, evenly distributed means evenly arranged.

[0013] Furthermore, based on the passenger and baggage arrival and departure processes at small airport terminals, the REVIT software was used to divide the terminal space into five three-dimensional collaborative modules and form a new spatial layout, including: According to the passenger and baggage entry and exit processes of small airport terminals, the terminal space of small airports is divided into five basic modules; the basic modules include facility space, queuing space, waiting space and circulation space; Collect parametric attribute information of equipment from different manufacturers and establish a corresponding database. Based on the corresponding database, add the collected parametric attribute information of equipment from different manufacturers to the corresponding equipment model to obtain the REVIT equipment model with integrated information, and classify it to form a terminal equipment and facility library. Based on the five basic modules and the terminal equipment and facilities library, each functional area forms a corresponding three-dimensional collaborative module, including: The functional areas are connected in series according to the typical process of domestic passenger departure and the typical process of domestic outbound baggage, forming a three-dimensional collaborative check-in module. The three-dimensional collaborative check-in module includes facility space, queuing space and circulation space. The check-in module reserves a certain amount of room for development. Functional areas are connected in series according to the typical processes for domestic passenger arrivals and domestic baggage arrivals, forming a three-dimensional collaborative baggage module. The three-dimensional collaborative baggage module includes facility space and circulation space. The layout facilitates the horizontal expansion of baggage equipment and its space. Functional areas are connected in series according to the typical domestic passenger departure process, forming a three-dimensional collaborative security inspection module. The three-dimensional collaborative security inspection module includes facility space, queuing space, waiting space, and circulation space. The layout facilitates the horizontal extension of the security inspection channel and the space before and after it. Functional areas are connected in series according to the typical domestic passenger departure process, forming a three-dimensional collaborative near-aircraft waiting module; the three-dimensional collaborative near-aircraft waiting module includes queuing space, waiting space and circulation space; the layout facilitates the horizontal extension of the waiting area and the passage area; The equipment space forms a three-dimensional collaborative equipment module, and the layout is conducive to horizontal expansion.

[0014] Furthermore, a phased modular intelligent expansion strategy is generated based on the calculated number of equipment facilities and the three-dimensional collaborative modules; and horizontal or vertical expansion is performed based on the phased modular intelligent expansion strategy, including: According to the calculated number of equipment and facilities and the three-dimensional collaborative module, the development of small airport terminals is divided into three stages: Level I, Level II and Level III. Generate a phased modular intelligent expansion strategy based on different development stages, including: Level I: Initially, small airport terminals will operate according to a one-story process, with passengers boarding on foot. The terminal will include a 3D collaborative check-in module, a 3D collaborative baggage module, and a 3D collaborative security screening module. Later, a 3D collaborative approach-to-gate waiting module will be vertically superimposed, resulting in a one-and-a-half-story process, with passengers boarding at their gates. Level II: Based on Level I, the 3D collaborative security inspection module and 3D collaborative baggage module are further expanded horizontally on both sides, and the second-floor waiting area and equipment room are expanded horizontally accordingly. Level III: Based on Level II, the 3D collaborative security inspection module and 3D collaborative baggage module are further expanded horizontally on both sides, and the second-floor waiting area and equipment room are expanded horizontally accordingly. As passenger throughput continues to grow, the small airport terminal can continue to expand to the left and right sides according to operational needs.

[0015] Furthermore, before performing the horizontal or vertical expansion, the method further includes: At the junction of the first module and the expansion module of the small airport terminal, a coordinated construction plan for horizontal and vertical expansion was constructed.

[0016] Furthermore, at the junction of the first phase module and the expansion module of the small airport terminal, a coordinated construction plan for horizontal and vertical expansion was constructed, including: At the junction of the first phase module and the expansion module of the small airport terminal, the operation area and the expansion construction area are divided; At the junction of the first-phase module and the expansion module of the small airport terminal, space is reserved for two columns; the two columns include inner columns and outer columns. The inner columns are constructed during the first-phase construction phase, while the outer columns are constructed during the expansion phase. This design ensures the independence of the first-phase and expansion structural systems, effectively preventing the expansion construction from affecting the normal operation of the first-phase terminal. The main body of the small airport terminal adopts a reinforced concrete structure system, and the added part adopts a steel structure frame and steel truss floor deck system. At the same time, embedded parts are reserved at the top of the columns of the first phase module construction, and the steel columns of the expansion module are directly connected to the reserved embedded parts to achieve vertical expansion.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion system for a small airport terminal, the system comprising: The data calculation unit dynamically calculates the peak hour passenger volume based on the passenger throughput operation data of the small airport terminal; and calculates the number of corresponding equipment and facilities based on the peak hour passenger volume using the equipment and facility carrying capacity function; The spatial layout construction unit, based on the passenger and baggage arrival and departure processes of small airport terminals, uses REVIT software to divide the small airport terminal space into five 3D collaborative modules and form a new spatial layout. The 3D collaborative modules include 3D collaborative check-in module, 3D collaborative baggage module, 3D collaborative security module, 3D collaborative near-gate waiting module, and 3D collaborative equipment module. The expansion strategy design unit generates a phased modular intelligent expansion strategy based on the calculated number of equipment and facilities and the three-dimensional collaborative module; and performs horizontal or vertical expansion based on the phased modular intelligent expansion strategy.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The present invention provides a three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method and system for small airport terminals. By designing five basic functional modules and a flexible module expansion model for small airport terminals, the present invention coordinates the terminal's short- and long-term planning, construction, operation, and development, adapting to the flexible needs of the terminal's future development. Core passenger service facilities such as check-in counters, security check lanes, baggage claim carousels, and boarding gate waiting areas are always guaranteed to operate in an integrated manner before and after the terminal expansion, and no changes or additions are made to the airside and landside flow lines. Compared with the traditional model, this method greatly improves passenger travel convenience and enhances airport operation and management efficiency; it solves the problems of low multi-terminal operation efficiency, insufficient resource utilization, and chaotic passenger flow lines after the existing terminal expansion design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method for a small airport terminal building according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the module expansion mode and function correspondence of the present invention; Figure 3 The standard module structure diagram of the present invention, (a) is the first-layer module structure diagram of the present invention, and (b) is the second-layer module structure diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional expansion method of the present invention Figure 1, (a) is the initial scale, (b) is the Level I stage: passenger throughput is 0-200,000; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional expansion method of the present invention Figure 2 , (c) is the Level II stage: the terminal passenger throughput is 200,000-500,000 passengers, (d) is the Level III stage: the terminal passenger throughput is 500,000-1,000,000 passengers; Figure 6 The diagram of the non-stop construction technology for terminal expansion of the present invention, (a) shows the key technology for the non-stop construction of the terminal in the horizontal direction, and (b) shows the key technology for the non-stop construction of the terminal in the vertical direction; Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion system for a small airport terminal according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Existing terminal planning and design methods cannot dynamically and flexibly adapt to construction needs. There is an urgent need for an innovative design method that integrates data-driven, intelligent decision-making and three-dimensional collaboration to meet the complex challenges in the construction and operation of small airport terminals.

[0022] Therefore, in order to solve the problems of low multi-terminal operation efficiency, insufficient resource utilization, and chaotic passenger movement after the existing terminal expansion design, the present invention designs a three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method for small airport terminals. The technical concept of the present invention is as follows: (1) Resource allocation driven by operational or forecast data: Based on the current operational data of passenger throughput at the small airport terminal, the peak hour passenger volume is dynamically calculated through time series trend analysis. Based on the equipment and facility carrying capacity function model, the calculation results of equipment and facilities such as check-in counters, security check lanes, and baggage handling equipment are accurately planned, including the quantity and specifications. (2) Intelligent construction of three-dimensional parametric modules: Relying on the parametric design function of REVIT software, the calculation results of equipment and facilities are deeply integrated with BIM technology to construct five basic functional three-dimensional modules: check-in module (including outbound baggage), baggage module (including baggage collection), security module (including remote gate waiting), close gate waiting module and equipment module. Each module has built-in parametric attribute information, supporting dynamic adjustment and intelligent association of equipment size, layout and performance parameters; (3) Phased modular intelligent expansion strategy: Based on the annual passenger throughput growth trend, the small airport terminal is divided into short-term, medium-term and long-term development stages. Through the preset modular combination rules, the basic functional modules are flexibly called upon for horizontal or vertical expansion to achieve a gradual increase in terminal capacity. At the same time, it ensures the seamless connection and integrated management of passenger flow, baggage flow and operation mode before and after the expansion. (4) A coordinated construction plan for horizontal and vertical expansion was established by comprehensively utilizing key technologies such as the division of operating and isolation zones, the installation of double columns at module boundaries, and the use of differentiated structural systems for the terminal building and the added parts. The construction sequence was precisely planned to ensure that the terminal building maintained normal operations during the expansion process.

[0023] The adoption of the present invention can effectively coordinate the short-term and long-term planning, construction, operation and development of the terminal, and fully meet the flexible needs of the terminal's future development. Before and after the terminal expansion, the check-in counters, security inspection channels, baggage claim carousels, boarding gate waiting areas and other core passenger service facilities are always guaranteed to operate in an integrated manner, and no changes or additions are made to the air and land side flow lines.

[0024] The layout of existing terminals usually only meets the functional requirements of departure and arrival processes, and only ensures that functions can be embedded in the plane. It lacks a clear spatial logic framework. Various business rooms and equipment rooms are usually set up on the left and right sides, which cannot be expanded.

[0025] Example 1 like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method for a small airport terminal, the method comprising: Step S1, dynamically calculating the peak hour passenger volume based on the designed passenger throughput operation data of the small airport terminal; and calculating the number of corresponding equipment and facilities based on the peak hour passenger volume using the equipment and facility carrying capacity function; In this embodiment, step S1 dynamically calculates the peak hour passenger volume based on the designed passenger throughput operation data of the small airport terminal, including: Step S101: Design passenger throughput operating data based on a small airport terminal. Passenger throughput operating data includes annual passenger throughput. Considering that terminal throughput is one of the core indicators for measuring airport business volume, airport terminal design is based on throughput forecasts, combined with process design and functional layout, and determines the plane dimensions and facility scale of each part of the terminal according to the appropriate service level to ensure balanced matching of the capacity of each system.

[0026] Step S102, calculating peak hour passenger flow based on annual passenger throughput; Step S103: Based on the peak hour passenger flow, the concept of peak hour coefficient is introduced, which is the ratio of the designed peak hour volume to the annual volume. This ratio can be obtained by analyzing the current and historical annual volume and the ratio of the designed peak hour volume, and then predicting the future. The peak hour passenger volume is calculated based on the peak hour passenger volume model; Specifically, the expression of the peak hour passenger volume model is: , TPH represents the peak hour passenger volume (person-times), APPA represents the annual passenger throughput (unit: 10,000 people), and PHF represents the peak hour coefficient fitted based on the measured data, which reflects the concentration of annual passenger volume in peak hours.

[0027] In this embodiment, in step S1, the equipment and facility carrying capacity function is used to calculate the number of corresponding equipment and facilities, including: Step S104, calculating the peak hour passenger volume of outbound passengers and the peak hour passenger volume of inbound passengers using a one-way proportional function based on the peak hour passenger volume; Specifically, calculate the peak hour passenger volume of departures: , is the peak hour departure passenger volume (person-times), TPH represents the peak hour passenger volume (person-times), and UC represents the corresponding one-way coefficient; Calculate peak hour passenger volume at the airport: , TPHA represents the peak hour arrival passenger volume (person-times), TPH represents the peak hour passenger volume (person-times), and UC represents the corresponding one-way coefficient; The one-way coefficient is obtained by fitting the measured data of the completed airport. The fitting process is as follows: .

[0028] Step S105 , calculating the number of flights during the peak hour of departures and the number of flights during the peak hour of arrivals using the first equipment (different aircraft types) facility carrying capacity function based on the number of passengers during the peak hour of departures and the number of passengers during the peak hour of arrivals; Specifically, calculate the number of departures during peak hours: , Indicates the number of departure flights during peak hours. is the corresponding outbound peak hour passenger volume or inbound peak hour passenger volume (person-times); Calculate the peak hour arrival number: FPHa represents the number of flights arriving at the airport during the peak hour, and TPHA represents the number of passengers arriving at the airport during the peak hour (person-times).

[0029] Step S106, calculating the number of manual check-in counters and passenger security check lanes based on the number of passengers at the peak hour of departure using the second equipment and facility carrying capacity function; Specifically, calculate the number of manual check-in counters: , is the number of manual check-in counters, represents the number of passengers departing during a typical peak hour (person-times), represents the average inspection time per passenger (min), Indicates the maximum queuing time of passengers (min), represents the concentration coefficient; Calculate the number of passenger security checkpoints: , where A represents the number of passenger security check channels (lines); TPH represents the number of passengers in the peak hour of departure (person-times); T represents the average security check time per passenger (min); Qz represents the maximum queuing time for passengers (min); and H represents the imbalance coefficient.

[0030] Step S107, calculating the length of the outbound baggage loading and unloading section based on the number of outbound flights during the peak hour and using the third equipment and facility carrying capacity function; Specifically, the third equipment facility carrying capacity function is: , SC represents the length of the outbound baggage loading and unloading section (m), Indicates the number of departure flights (flights) during the peak hour; Indicates the time a single flight occupies the sorting carousel loading position (h); Indicates the proportion of wide-body aircraft; Indicates the number of loading spaces occupied by a single wide-body aircraft; Indicates the proportion of narrow-body aircraft; Indicates the number of loading spaces occupied by a narrow-body aircraft in a single flight; Indicates the length of the loading and unloading section of a single loading location (m); Step S108, calculating the number of extraction carousels based on the peak hour arrival times using the fourth equipment and facility carrying capacity function; Specifically, the fourth equipment facility carrying capacity function is: , Indicates the number of extraction turntables (pieces); It represents the number of aircraft arrivals during peak hours (number of flights); TPH Indicates the time a single incoming flight occupies the pick-up carousel (min); Indicates the number of wide-body aircraft flights that can be processed simultaneously by a single pick-up carousel. Indicates the number of narrow-body flights that can be processed simultaneously by a single pick-up carousel. Indicates the proportion of narrow-body aircraft.

[0031] Step S2: Based on the passenger and baggage arrival and departure processes at the small airport terminal, the REVIT software is used to divide the small airport terminal space into five 3D collaborative modules, forming a new spatial layout. The 3D collaborative modules include a 3D collaborative check-in module, a 3D collaborative baggage module, a 3D collaborative security inspection module, a 3D collaborative near-gate waiting module, and a 3D collaborative equipment module. In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the new spatial layout includes a first-floor module and a second-floor module, that is, a standard module includes a first-floor module and a second-floor module; The first floor module is centered around the check-in module, with baggage and security modules located on either side. The security module is located on the right side to prioritize the wayfinding needs of passengers on the outbound line. The second-layer modules are evenly distributed on both sides with the waiting module as the center, and the equipment modules are evenly distributed on the opposite side of the waiting module; among them, evenly distributed means evenly arranged.

[0032] In this embodiment, step S2 specifically includes: In step S201, based on the passenger and baggage arrival and departure processes at the small airport terminal, as shown in Table 1 and combined with the functional processes, the small airport terminal space is divided into five basic modules: check-in module (including outbound baggage), baggage module (baggage claim), security module (including remote gate waiting), close gate waiting module, and equipment module.

[0033] Table 1 Typical process flow of passengers and baggage entering and leaving the terminal

[0034] Specifically, the basic module includes facility space, queuing space, waiting space and circulation space; The facility space is determined based on the number of facilities, combined with the service level guidelines recommended by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and the "Technical Requirements for Planning and Design of Transport Airport Terminals" to determine its floor area.

[0035] The area of ​​queuing space is determined based on peak hour departure passenger volume and maximum passenger queuing time, in conjunction with the International Air Transport Association (IATA) Service Level Guidelines. The area of ​​the area is determined based on peak hour departure passenger volume, in conjunction with the Civil Transport Airport Security Facilities and the Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings.

[0036] The waiting space is determined by the number of seats based on the number of departure flights during peak hours and the weighted average passenger capacity of different aircraft types, combined with the service level guidelines recommended by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and the "Technical Requirements for Planning and Design of Transport Airport Terminals".

[0037] The size of the circulation space is determined based on the passenger volume during peak hours of departure and in combination with the Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings.

[0038] Step S202: Collect parametric attribute information of equipment from different manufacturers (including equipment dimensions, channel dimensions, equipment weight, maximum load, total power, power supply, etc.) and establish a corresponding database. Based on the corresponding database, add the collected parametric attribute information of equipment from different manufacturers to the corresponding equipment models to obtain the integrated REVIT equipment model. The equipment models are categorized by manual check-in counters, passenger security channels, outbound baggage loading and unloading areas, and claim carousels to form a terminal equipment and facility library. Step S203: Based on the five basic modules and the terminal equipment and facilities library, each functional area forms a corresponding three-dimensional collaborative module, including: A. Functional areas are connected in series according to the typical domestic passenger departure process and the typical domestic outbound baggage process, forming a three-dimensional collaborative check-in module (including outbound baggage); the three-dimensional collaborative check-in module (including baggage claim) includes facility space, queuing space, and circulation space; B. Functional areas are connected in series according to the typical domestic passenger arrival process and the typical domestic inbound baggage process, forming a three-dimensional collaborative baggage module (including baggage claim). The three-dimensional collaborative baggage module (including baggage claim) includes facility space and circulation space; C. Functional areas are connected in series according to the typical domestic passenger departure process, forming a three-dimensional collaborative security inspection module (including remote gate waiting). The three-dimensional collaborative security inspection module (including remote gate waiting) includes facility space, queuing space, waiting space, and circulation space. D. Functional areas are connected in series according to the typical domestic passenger departure process, forming a three-dimensional collaborative near-gate waiting module; the three-dimensional collaborative near-gate waiting module includes queuing space, waiting space, and circulation space; E, the device space forms a three-dimensional collaborative device module.

[0039] Step S3: Generate a phased modular intelligent expansion strategy based on the calculated number of equipment and facilities and the three-dimensional collaborative module; and perform horizontal or vertical expansion based on the phased modular intelligent expansion strategy.

[0040] In this embodiment, step S3 specifically includes: Step S301: Based on the calculated number of equipment and facilities and the three-dimensional collaborative module, the annual passenger throughput data growth curve of a typical small airport terminal is analyzed. Taking into account the characteristics of the annual passenger throughput data growth of small airports showing slow development in the early stage and concentrated growth in the later stage, short-term and long-term development strategies are formulated. Taking a small airport terminal as an example, the development of a small airport terminal is divided into three development stages: Level I, Level II, and Level III, as shown in Table 2 and Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown; (1) Level I: Level I corresponds to an annual passenger throughput of 0-200,000; (2) Level II: Level II corresponds to an annual passenger throughput of 200,000 to 500,000 people; (3) Level II: Level III corresponds to an annual passenger throughput of 500,000 to 1 million; Table 2: Phase division of planning and construction scale of a small airport

[0041] Specifically, a phased modular intelligent expansion strategy is generated according to different development stages, including: Level I: Initially, small airport terminals will operate according to a one-story process, with passengers boarding on foot. The terminal will include a 3D collaborative check-in module, a 3D collaborative baggage module (including baggage claim), and a 3D collaborative security screening module (including remote gate waiting). Later, a 3D collaborative close-gate waiting module will be added vertically, resulting in a one-and-a-half-story process, with passengers boarding close to the gate. This will meet the annual passenger throughput requirement of 200,000. Level II: Building on the foundation of Level I, the facility will further expand the 3D collaborative security screening module (including remote gate waiting) and the 3D collaborative baggage module (including baggage claim) horizontally on both sides. The second-floor waiting area and equipment room will also be expanded horizontally to meet the annual passenger throughput requirement of 200,000 to 500,000 passengers. Level III: Based on Level II, the three-dimensional collaborative security inspection module and the three-dimensional collaborative baggage module will be further expanded horizontally on both sides, and the corresponding space will be expanded horizontally between the second-floor waiting area and the equipment room to meet the annual passenger throughput demand of 500,000 to 1 million.

[0042] As passenger throughput continues to grow, the small airport terminal can continue to expand to the left and right sides according to operational needs, continuing to add three-dimensional collaborative security inspection modules (including remote aircraft waiting), three-dimensional collaborative baggage modules (including baggage retrieval), three-dimensional collaborative equipment modules and three-dimensional collaborative close-aircraft waiting modules.

[0043] As a further implementation, before performing the horizontal or vertical expansion, the method further includes: Step S4: Construct a coordinated construction plan for horizontal and vertical expansion at the junction of the first phase module and the expansion module of the small airport terminal, specifically including: Step S401: At the junction of the first phase module and the expansion module of the small airport terminal, the operation area and the expansion construction area are divided to ensure that the operation area and the construction area are independent of each other and easy to manage.

[0044] Step S402: Space is reserved for two columns at the junction of the first-phase module and the expansion module of the small airport terminal. The two columns include inner and outer columns. The inner columns are constructed during the first-phase construction phase, while the outer columns are constructed during the expansion phase. This design ensures the independence of the first-phase and expansion structural systems, effectively preventing the expansion construction from affecting the normal operation of the first-phase terminal. In step S403, a reinforced concrete structure system is adopted for the main body of the small airport terminal building, and a steel structure frame and a steel truss floor deck system is adopted for the added part. At the same time, embedded parts are reserved at the top of the columns of the first phase module construction, and the steel columns of the expansion module are directly connected to the reserved embedded parts to realize flexible expansion in the vertical direction.

[0045] Figure 6 Technical drawings for the non-stop construction of the terminal expansion.

[0046] The present invention calculates the peak hour passenger volume based on passenger throughput data of existing typical small airport terminals, and calculates the corresponding number of equipment and facilities based on the equipment and facility quantity calculation function. Based on the equipment and facility quantity calculation results, the invention links the REVIT software to construct equipment models and module models to form a module model that integrates the parametric attribute information of the equipment. Five basic functional three-dimensional modules are constructed, namely the check-in module (including outbound baggage), the baggage module (including baggage retrieval), the security inspection module (including remote gate waiting), the near gate waiting module and the equipment module, to form a module model that integrates information from multiple equipment models. The invention divides the development stages of small airport terminals according to annual passenger throughput, and realizes flexible expansion of the terminal in the short and long term by combining various functional modules, ensuring that the terminal maintains integrated operation before and after the expansion. By rationally dividing the operating area and the expansion construction enclosure range, setting double columns at the module boundaries, and adopting different structural systems for the terminal main body and the added part, etc., it ensures that the vertical and horizontal expansion of the terminal can be carried out without stopping flights.

[0047] The above-described method effectively coordinates the terminal's near- and long-term planning, construction, operation, and development, fully meeting the terminal's future flexibility. Core passenger service facilities, such as check-in counters, security checkpoints, baggage claim carousels, and gate waiting areas, remain integrated throughout the terminal expansion, with no changes or additions to airside and landside circulation. Compared to traditional models, this significantly improves passenger travel convenience and enhances airport operational management efficiency.

[0048] Example 2 like Figure 7 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that this embodiment provides a three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion system for a small airport terminal, which corresponds one-to-one with the three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method for a small airport terminal in embodiment 1; the system includes: The data calculation unit dynamically calculates the peak-hour passenger volume according to the small airport terminal design passenger throughput operation data, and calculates the corresponding equipment and facility calculation quantity by using an equipment and facility bearing capacity function according to the peak-hour passenger volume; The spatial layout construction unit divides the small airport terminal space into five three-dimensional collaborative modules and forms a new spatial layout based on the REVIT software according to the small airport terminal passenger and baggage arrival and departure processes; the three-dimensional collaborative modules include a three-dimensional collaborative check-in module, a three-dimensional collaborative baggage module, a three-dimensional collaborative security check module, a three-dimensional collaborative near-gate waiting module, and a three-dimensional collaborative equipment module; The expansion strategy design unit generates a phased modular intelligent expansion strategy according to the equipment and facility calculation quantity and the three-dimensional collaborative modules, and performs horizontal or vertical expansion according to the phased modular intelligent expansion strategy.

[0049] The execution process of each unit can be performed according to the process steps of the small airport terminal three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0050] Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROMs, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0051] The present application is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams according to the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products of the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing devices to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the computer or other programmable data processing devices produce a device that implements the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 The device that implements the functions specified in one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 The device that implements the functions specified in one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks

[0052] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide the computer or other programmable data processing devices to work in a specific way, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a product including instruction devices that implement the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0053] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0054] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method for a small airport terminal, characterized in that: The method includes: Based on the passenger throughput operation data of the small airport terminal, the peak hour passenger volume is dynamically calculated; and based on the peak hour passenger volume, the equipment and facility carrying capacity function is used to calculate the corresponding number of equipment and facilities; Based on the passenger and baggage arrival and departure processes at small airport terminals, the REVIT software was used to divide the terminal space into five 3D collaborative modules, forming a new spatial layout. The 3D collaborative modules include 3D collaborative check-in module, 3D collaborative baggage module, 3D collaborative security module, 3D collaborative near-gate waiting module, and 3D collaborative equipment module. A phased modular intelligent expansion strategy is generated based on the calculated quantity and three-dimensional collaborative modules of the equipment and facilities; and horizontal or vertical expansion is performed based on the phased modular intelligent expansion strategy.

2. A three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method for a small airport terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the passenger throughput operation data of the small airport terminal, the peak hour passenger volume is dynamically calculated, including: Design passenger throughput operating data based on a small airport terminal; the passenger throughput operating data includes annual passenger throughput; Calculate peak hour passenger flow based on the stated annual passenger throughput; According to the peak hour passenger flow, a peak hour coefficient is introduced, and the peak hour passenger volume is calculated based on the peak hour passenger volume model; the peak hour coefficient reflects the concentration degree of the annual passenger volume in the peak hour.

3. The three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method for a small airport terminal according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The expression of the peak hour passenger volume model is: , TPH represents the peak hour passenger volume, APPA represents the annual passenger throughput, and PHF represents the peak hour coefficient fitted based on the measured data.

4. The three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method for a small airport terminal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Using the equipment and facility carrying capacity function, the calculation quantity of the corresponding equipment and facilities is calculated, including: Based on the peak hour passenger volume, the one-way proportional function is used to calculate the peak hour passenger volume of outbound and peak hour passenger volume of inbound. The one-way proportional function is: , is the outbound peak hour passenger volume or the inbound peak hour passenger volume, TPH represents the peak hour passenger volume, and UC represents the corresponding one-way coefficient; Based on the peak hour outbound passenger volume and the peak hour inbound passenger volume, the first equipment and facility carrying capacity function is used to calculate the peak hour outbound flights and the peak hour inbound flights. The first equipment and facility carrying capacity function is: , Indicates the number of departure flights during the peak hour or arrival flights during the peak hour. is the corresponding outbound peak hour passenger volume or inbound peak hour passenger volume; Based on the peak hour passenger volume of departures, the second equipment and facility carrying capacity function is used to calculate the number of manual check-in counters and passenger security check lanes. The second equipment and facility carrying capacity function is: , is the number of manual check-in counters or passenger security check channels, is the peak hour outbound passenger volume or the peak hour inbound passenger volume, The average inspection time per passenger. Indicates the maximum queuing time of passengers, Indicates the corresponding concentration coefficient or imbalance coefficient; According to the number of departure flights during peak hours, the length of the departure baggage loading and unloading section is calculated using the third equipment and facility carrying capacity function; the third equipment and facility carrying capacity function is: , SC represents the length of the outbound baggage loading and unloading section, Indicates the number of departures during peak hours; Indicates the time a single flight occupies the loading position of the sorting carousel; Indicates the proportion of wide-body aircraft; Indicates the number of loading spaces occupied by a single wide-body aircraft; Indicates the proportion of narrow-body aircraft; Indicates the number of loading spaces occupied by a narrow-body aircraft in a single flight; Indicates the length of the loading and unloading section of a single loading location; According to the peak hour arrival times, the fourth equipment and facility carrying capacity function is used to calculate the number of extraction carousels; the fourth equipment and facility carrying capacity function is: , Indicates the number of extraction turntables; It indicates the number of aircraft arrivals during peak hours; Indicates the number of wide-body aircraft flights that can be processed simultaneously by a single pick-up carousel; Indicates the number of narrow-body aircraft flights that a single take-away carousel can handle simultaneously.

5. The three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method for a small airport terminal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The novel spatial layout includes a first-floor module and a second-floor module; The first-floor module is centered on the check-in module and is equipped with a baggage module and a security inspection module on both sides. The security inspection module is preferably located on the right side to prioritize the wayfinding needs of passengers in the outbound flow line. The second-layer modules are evenly distributed on both sides with the waiting module as the center, and the equipment modules are evenly distributed on the opposite side of the waiting module.

6. The three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method for a small airport terminal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Based on the passenger and baggage arrival and departure processes of small airport terminals, the space of small airport terminals was divided into five three-dimensional collaborative modules using REVIT software, forming a new spatial layout, including: Based on the passenger and baggage entry and exit processes of small airport terminals, the terminal space of small airports is divided into five basic modules; the basic modules include facility space, queuing space, waiting space and circulation space; Collect parametric attribute information of equipment from different manufacturers and establish a corresponding database. Based on the corresponding database, add the collected parametric attribute information of equipment from different manufacturers to the corresponding equipment model to obtain the REVIT equipment model with integrated information, and classify it to form a terminal equipment and facility library. Based on the five basic modules and the terminal equipment and facilities library, each functional area forms a corresponding three-dimensional collaborative module, including: The functional areas are connected in series according to the typical process of domestic passenger departure and the typical process of domestic outbound baggage, forming a three-dimensional collaborative check-in module; the three-dimensional collaborative check-in module includes facility space, queuing space and circulation space; The functional areas are connected in series according to the typical process of domestic passenger arrivals and the typical process of domestic inbound baggage, forming a three-dimensional collaborative baggage module; the three-dimensional collaborative baggage module includes facility space and circulation space; The functional areas are connected in series according to the typical process of domestic passenger departure, forming a three-dimensional collaborative security inspection module; the three-dimensional collaborative security inspection module includes facility space, queuing space, waiting space and circulation space; The functional areas are connected in series according to the typical process of domestic passenger departure, forming a three-dimensional collaborative near-aircraft waiting module; the three-dimensional collaborative near-aircraft waiting module includes queuing space, waiting space and circulation space; The equipment space forms a three-dimensional collaborative equipment module.

7. The three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method for a small airport terminal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Generate a phased modular intelligent expansion strategy based on the calculated quantity and three-dimensional collaborative modules of the equipment and facilities; It can also be expanded horizontally or vertically based on a phased modular intelligent expansion strategy, including: According to the calculated number of equipment and facilities and the three-dimensional collaborative module, the development of small airport terminals is divided into three development stages: Level I, Level II and Level III. Generate a phased modular intelligent expansion strategy based on different development stages, including: Level I: Initially, small airport terminals will operate according to a one-story process, with passengers boarding on foot. The terminal will include a 3D collaborative check-in module, a 3D collaborative baggage module, and a 3D collaborative security screening module. Later, a 3D collaborative approach-to-gate waiting module will be vertically superimposed, resulting in a one-and-a-half-story process, with passengers boarding at their gates. Level II: Based on Level I, the 3D collaborative security inspection module and 3D collaborative baggage module are further expanded horizontally on both sides, and the second-floor waiting area and equipment room are expanded horizontally accordingly. Level III: Based on Level II, the 3D collaborative security inspection module and 3D collaborative baggage module are further expanded horizontally on both sides, and the second-floor waiting area and equipment room are expanded horizontally accordingly. As passenger throughput continues to grow, the small airport terminal can continue to expand to the left and right sides according to operational needs.

8. The three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method for a small airport terminal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Before performing horizontal or vertical expansion, the method further includes: At the junction of the first module and the expansion module of the small airport terminal, a coordinated construction plan for horizontal and vertical expansion was constructed.

9. The three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion method for a small airport terminal according to claim 8, characterized in that: At the junction of the first and extension modules of the small airport terminal, a coordinated construction plan for horizontal and vertical expansion was constructed, including: At the junction of the first phase module and the expansion module of the small airport terminal, the operation area and the expansion construction area are divided; At the junction of the first-phase module and the expansion module of the small airport terminal, space is reserved for two columns; the two columns include inner columns and outer columns. The inner columns are constructed during the first phase, while the outer columns are constructed during the expansion phase. This design ensures the independence of the first-phase and expansion structural systems, effectively preventing the expansion construction from affecting the normal operation of the first-phase terminal. The main body of the small airport terminal adopts a reinforced concrete structure system, and the added part adopts a steel structure frame and steel truss floor deck system. At the same time, embedded parts are reserved at the top of the columns of the first phase module construction, and the steel columns of the expansion module are directly connected to the reserved embedded parts to achieve vertical expansion.

10. A three-dimensional collaborative modular integrated expansion system for a small airport terminal, characterized by: The system includes: The data calculation unit dynamically calculates the peak hour passenger volume based on the passenger throughput operation data of the small airport terminal; and calculates the number of corresponding equipment and facilities based on the peak hour passenger volume using the equipment and facility carrying capacity function; The spatial layout construction unit, based on the passenger and baggage arrival and departure processes of small airport terminals, uses REVIT software to divide the small airport terminal space into five 3D collaborative modules and form a new spatial layout. The 3D collaborative modules include 3D collaborative check-in module, 3D collaborative baggage module, 3D collaborative security module, 3D collaborative near-gate waiting module, and 3D collaborative equipment module. The expansion strategy design unit generates a phased modular intelligent expansion strategy based on the calculated quantity of the equipment and facilities and the three-dimensional collaborative module; and performs horizontal or vertical expansion based on the phased modular intelligent expansion strategy.

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