Acoustic equal-proportion power divider based on planar five-cavity coupling configuration and working method

Abstract

The invention discloses an acoustic equal-proportion power divider based on a planar five-cavity coupling configuration and a working method, and belongs to the technical field of acoustic functional device design. Comprising a first rectangular cavity, a second rectangular cavity, a third rectangular cavity, a fourth rectangular cavity and a fifth rectangular cavity which are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, every two adjacent rectangular cavities are communicated through an air slit, and the air slit between the first rectangular cavity and the second rectangular cavity is the same as the air slit between the fourth rectangular cavity and the fifth rectangular cavity; an air slit between the rectangular cavity II and the rectangular cavity III is the same as an air slit between the rectangular cavity III and the rectangular cavity IV; the length of the air slit changes in the horizontal direction. According to the invention, the technical bottleneck of narrow frequency band of a traditional resonance type device is broken through, the technical problem of multi-channel power equalization under a non-resonance condition is solved, and a passive power distribution solution which is high in reliability and easy to integrate is provided for application scenes such as an array type loudspeaker system and a multi-channel acoustic sensing network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an acoustic proportional power divider based on a planar five-cavity coupling configuration and a working method, belonging to the technical field of acoustic functional device design. Background Art

[0002] In the field of acoustic signal processing, active acoustic electronic devices struggle to meet the demands of flattening and integrating acoustic equipment due to complex internal circuitry and high manufacturing costs. Consequently, power distribution technology based on passive acoustic structures has become a research hotspot. These technologies achieve the control and distribution of acoustic wave energy through purely physical configuration design, offering advantages such as low cost, high reliability, and ease of integration.

[0003] Existing research shows that the use of resonant passive acoustic metasurfaces can achieve directional control of the output acoustic wave power. However, such devices typically rely on the energy localization effect at a specific resonant frequency, resulting in a narrow operating frequency band and a significantly increased configuration complexity. Specifically, traditional resonant power dividers require precise design of the geometric parameters of the metasurface unit to match the target frequency, which not only limits the number of operating frequencies of the device but also sharply deteriorates the power distribution performance at non-resonant frequencies. In addition, complex three-dimensional configurations or special-shaped structures further increase the difficulty of the fabrication process, making it difficult to adapt to the requirements of planar integration. Furthermore, existing technologies have not yet solved the technical difficulties of proportional power distribution of acoustic waves under non-resonant mechanisms. In scenarios where the same audio source signal needs to be fed synchronously to multiple processing devices (such as array speaker systems, multi-channel acoustic sensor networks, etc.), traditional resonant devices cannot simultaneously meet the dual requirements of wideband operation and precise power distribution due to frequency band limitations and configuration constraints.

[0004] Therefore, developing a passive power divider based on a non-resonant acoustic structure, capable of operating at multiple frequencies and achieving proportional power distribution has become a technical direction that urgently needs to be broken through in the field of acoustic functional device design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides an acoustic proportional power divider based on a planar five-cavity coupling configuration and a working method.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: an acoustic equal-proportion power divider based on a plane five-cavity coupling configuration, comprising rectangular cavities one, two, three, four and five arranged in parallel and equidistance, each two adjacent rectangular cavities are connected by a group of air slits, and the air slit between the rectangular cavity one and the rectangular cavity two is the same as the air slit between the rectangular cavity four and the rectangular cavity five, both including X air slits arranged in parallel and equidistance horizontally; the air slit between the rectangular cavity two and the rectangular cavity three is the same as the air slit between the rectangular cavity three and the rectangular cavity four, both including Y air slits arranged in parallel and equidistance horizontally, and Y < X; the length of the air slit in each group of air slits changes along the horizontal direction. . .

[0007] Further, the length of the X air slits between the rectangular cavity one and the rectangular cavity two and between the rectangular cavity four and the rectangular cavity five changes as follows: . .

[0008] . (1) .

[0009] In formula (1), n is the serial number of the air slit. .

[0010] . . .

[0011] Further, the length of the Y air slits between the rectangular cavity two and the rectangular cavity three and between the rectangular cavity three and the rectangular cavity four changes as follows: . .

[0012] . (2) .

[0013] In formula (2), n is the serial number of the air slit. .

[0014] . . .

[0015] Further, the relationship between the coupling strength and the length of the air slit is . .

[0016] A working method of the acoustic equal-proportion power divider based on the plane five-cavity coupling configuration, the method comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1: Since the air slit between the rectangular cavity one and the rectangular cavity two is the same as the air slit between the rectangular cavity four and the rectangular cavity five, the coupling strength between the rectangular cavity one and the rectangular cavity two is consistent with the coupling strength between the rectangular cavity four and the rectangular cavity five, denoted as Since the air gap between the rectangular cavity 2 and the rectangular cavity 3 is the same as the air gap between the rectangular cavity 3 and the rectangular cavity 4, the coupling strength between the rectangular cavity 2 and the rectangular cavity 3 is the same as the coupling strength between the rectangular cavity 3 and the rectangular cavity 4, which is recorded as ;

[0018] S2: The coupling matrix between sound and structure can be obtained :

[0019] (3)

[0020] S3: Calculate the eigenstates of the power divider based on the coupling matrix:

[0021] (4)

[0022] Where:

[0023] , which represents the coupling strength and coupling strength The mixing angle between

[0024] Represents the sound field state of rectangular cavity 1;

[0025] Represents the sound field state of rectangular cavity three;

[0026] Represents the sound field state of rectangular cavity five;

[0027] S4: You can get:

[0028] The acoustic power distribution of rectangular cavity 1 is: ;

[0029] The sound power distribution of rectangular cavity 3 is ;

[0030] The sound power distribution of rectangular cavity 5 is ;

[0031] S5: Let the coupling strength at the starting position , the coupling strength at the end position , making the coupling strength The peak value is higher than the coupling strength Peak value;

[0032] S6: You will get:

[0033] In the starting position, the mixing angle , so: the sound power distribution of rectangular cavity one is 0, the sound power distribution of rectangular cavity three is 1, and the sound power distribution of rectangular cavity five is 0, which meets the input condition of the left port of rectangular cavity three;

[0034] At the end position, the blend angle ,Right now: , so: the sound power distribution of rectangular cavity 1, rectangular cavity 3 and rectangular cavity 5 at the end position is , that is, have the same proportion of output power.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The present invention realizes the multi-frequency wide-band acoustic proportional power distribution function through the innovative design of planar five-cavity coupling configuration and non-resonant energy distribution mechanism, and can maintain equal power output characteristics in the frequency bands of 7kHz, 9kHz, 10kHz and 12kHz, breaking through the technical bottleneck of the narrow frequency band of traditional resonant devices; adopts a fully passive planar coupling structure, abandons complex three-dimensional configuration and active circuits, significantly reduces the difficulty of the preparation process and system cost, and meets the planar integration requirements of acoustic equipment; through the gradient design of air slit length and dynamic regulation of coupling strength, establishes a sound field coupling matrix model, realizes the precise proportional distribution of input sound wave energy to the three output ports, solves the technical problem of multi-channel power distribution under non-resonant conditions, and provides a highly reliable and easy-to-integrate passive power distribution solution for application scenarios such as array speaker systems and multi-channel acoustic sensor networks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Side view of

[0039] Figure 3 This is the normalized sound power distribution diagram of the acoustic proportional power divider

[0040] Figure 4 Figure 3 is the sound power distribution result of the acoustic proportional power divider at frequencies of 7 kHz, 10 kHz, and 12 kHz respectively. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] An acoustic proportional power divider based on a planar five-cavity coupling configuration includes a rectangular cavity 1, a rectangular cavity 2, a rectangular cavity 3, a rectangular cavity 4, and a rectangular cavity 5 arranged in parallel and equidistantly. The size of each rectangular cavity is the same, and the length is ,width and height .

[0043] Each two adjacent rectangular cavities are connected by a set of air slits 6, and the air slits 6 between the rectangular cavity 1 and the rectangular cavity 2 are the same as the air slits 6 between the rectangular cavity 4 and the rectangular cavity 5, both including X air slits 6 arranged horizontally and equidistantly.

[0044] The distance between the leftmost air slot 6 and the leftmost port of the cavity is 36 mm, and the distance between the rightmost air slot 6 and the rightmost port of the cavity is 33 mm. The horizontal arrangement period of the air slots 6 is 7 mm, resulting in a total length of the coupling structure of 7X + 36 + 33.

[0045] The air slit 6 between the second rectangular cavity 2 and the third rectangular cavity 3 is the same as the air slit 6 between the third rectangular cavity 3 and the fourth rectangular cavity 4, and both include Y air slits 6 arranged horizontally and equidistantly, and Y<X;

[0046] The distance between the leftmost air slot 6 in the two sets of air slots 6 and the leftmost port of the cavity is 74 mm, and the distance between the rightmost air slot 6 and the rightmost port of the cavity is 65 mm. The horizontal arrangement period of the air slots 6 is 7 mm, resulting in a total length of the coupling structure of 7Y + 74 + 65.

[0047] The height of each air slit 6 is consistent with the height of the rectangular cavity, that is: , the width of each air slit 6 is the same, both .

[0048] The lengths of the plurality of air slits 6 in each group of air slits 6 The length of each air slit 6 is different along the horizontal direction.

[0049] Furthermore, the length of the X air slits 6 between the rectangular cavity 1 and the rectangular cavity 2 and between the rectangular cavity 4 and the rectangular cavity 5 is The change expression is as follows:

[0050] (1)

[0051] In formula (1):

[0052] , is the serial number of the air slit.

[0053] Furthermore, the length of the Y air slits 6 between the rectangular cavity 2 and the rectangular cavity 3 and between the rectangular cavity 3 and the rectangular cavity 4 is The change expression is as follows:

[0054] (2)

[0055] In formula (2):

[0056] , is the serial number of the air slit.

[0057] Furthermore, the relationship between the coupling strength and the length of the air slit 6 is: .

[0058] During the acoustic cavity coupling process, the change in coupling strength can be controlled by the length of the air slit 6. Since the air slit 6 is the intermediate medium connecting two adjacent rectangular cavities, the longer the length of the air slit 6, the higher the coupling strength, and the shorter the length of the air slit 6, the smaller the coupling strength. When there is no air slit 6, the coupling strength is 0.

[0059] The present invention provides a method for operating an acoustic proportional power divider based on a planar five-cavity coupling configuration, the method comprising the following steps:

[0060] S1: Since the air gap 6 between the rectangular cavity 1 and the rectangular cavity 2 is the same as the air gap 6 between the rectangular cavity 4 and the rectangular cavity 5, the coupling strength between the rectangular cavity 1 and the rectangular cavity 2 is the same as the coupling strength between the rectangular cavity 4 and the rectangular cavity 5, which is recorded as Since the air gap 6 between the rectangular cavity 2 and the rectangular cavity 3 is the same as the air gap 6 between the rectangular cavity 3 and the rectangular cavity 4, the coupling strength between the rectangular cavity 2 and the rectangular cavity 3 is consistent with the coupling strength between the rectangular cavity 3 and the rectangular cavity 4, which is recorded as ;

[0061] S2: The coupling matrix between sound and structure can be obtained :

[0062] (3)

[0063] S3: Calculate the eigenstates of the power divider based on the coupling matrix:

[0064] (4)

[0065] In formula 4:

[0066] , which represents the coupling strength and coupling strength The mixing angle between

[0067] Represents the sound field state of rectangular cavity one (1);

[0068] Represents the sound field state of rectangular cavity three (3);

[0069] Represents the sound field state of rectangular cavity five (5);

[0070] S4: You can get:

[0071] The sound power distribution of rectangular cavity 1 is ;

[0072] The sound power distribution of rectangular cavity 3 is ;

[0073] The sound power distribution of the rectangular cavity 5 is ;

[0074] S5: Let the coupling strength at the starting position , the coupling strength at the end position , making the coupling strength The peak value is higher than the coupling strength Peak value;

[0075] S6: You will get:

[0076] In the starting position, the mixing angle , so: the sound power distribution of rectangular cavity one (1) is 0, the sound power distribution of rectangular cavity three (3) is 1, and the sound power distribution of rectangular cavity five (5) is 0, which meets the input condition of the left port of rectangular cavity three (3);

[0077] At the end position, the blend angle ,Right now: , so: the sound power distribution of rectangular cavity one (1), rectangular cavity three (3) and rectangular cavity five (5) at the end position are all , that is, have the same proportion of output power.

[0078] Therefore, it can be seen that as long as the coupling strength that meets the conditions can be selected and coupling strength , making The starting position is 0 and the final position is , the proportional power divider can achieve proportional power distribution from the left side of rectangular cavity three (3) to the right sides of rectangular cavity one (1), rectangular cavity three (3), and rectangular cavity five (5). Furthermore, because the entire design utilizes inter-cavity coupling for acoustic power distribution, without any resonant response, the operating frequency is not limited to a single point; instead, proportional output power distribution can be achieved across multiple frequency points.

[0079] Example 1:

[0080] Each of the five parallel, equidistant rectangular cavities features an iron shell (sound velocity 5200 m / s, density 7860 kg / m³) and is filled with air (sound velocity 343 m / s, density 1.21 kg / m³). The length, width, and height are 300 mm, 10 mm, and 10 mm, respectively. The air slots 6 connecting two adjacent rectangular cavities also use iron as rigid walls and are filled with air. This ensures that sound waves can couple with each other through the air slots as they propagate through the air within the rectangular cavities.

[0081] 33 air slits 6 equidistantly arranged in the horizontal direction are set between rectangular cavity 1 and rectangular cavity 2, and between rectangular cavity 4, 4 and rectangular cavity 5, and 23 air slits 6 equidistantly arranged in the horizontal direction are set between rectangular cavity 2, 2 and rectangular cavity 3, and between rectangular cavity 3, 3 and rectangular cavity 4, 4.

[0082] Take the 9 kHz sound wave incident as an example, Figure 3 As shown (in order to improve the distinction, the drawing process adopts the form of height expression, that is, the higher the power, the higher the height), when the sound wave is input from the left port of rectangular cavity three 3, the sound wave is regulated by the internal structure of the planar five-cavity coupling, and an equal proportion of output power distribution is generated at the right ports of rectangular cavity one 1, rectangular cavity three 3 and rectangular cavity five 5, thereby realizing the acoustic equal-proportional power divider based on the planar five-cavity coupling configuration described in the present invention.

[0083] In addition, if Figure 4 As shown, for other sound wave incident frequencies, such as 7 kHz, 10 kHz and 12 kHz, the results of proportional power distribution output of rectangular cavity 1 1, rectangular cavity 3 3 and rectangular cavity 5 5 right ports can also be obtained under the condition of incident sound wave at the left port of rectangular cavity 3, which reflects that the acoustic proportional power divider based on the planar five-cavity coupling configuration provided by the present invention has the advantage of multi-frequency response.

[0084] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0085] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An acoustic proportional power divider based on a planar five-cavity coupling configuration, characterized by: The invention comprises rectangular cavity one (1), rectangular cavity two (2), rectangular cavity three (3), rectangular cavity four (4) and rectangular cavity five (5) arranged in parallel and equidistantly, wherein each two adjacent rectangular cavities are connected by a group of air slits (6), and the air slits (6) between rectangular cavity one (1) and rectangular cavity two (2) are the same as the air slits (6) between rectangular cavity four (4) and rectangular cavity five (5), and both include X air slits (6) arranged in parallel and equidistantly; the air slits (6) between rectangular cavity two (2) and rectangular cavity three (3) are the same as the air slits (6) between rectangular cavity three (3) and rectangular cavity four (4), and both include Y air slits (6) arranged in parallel and equidistantly, and Y < X; the lengths of the plurality of air slits (6) in each group of air slits (6) are: Change in horizontal direction.

2. The acoustic proportional power divider based on a planar five-cavity coupling configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the X air slits (6) between the rectangular cavity 1 (1) and the rectangular cavity 2 (2) and between the rectangular cavity 4 (4) and the rectangular cavity 5 (5) The change expression is as follows: （1） In formula (1): , is the serial number of the air slit.

3. The acoustic proportional power divider based on a planar five-cavity coupling configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the Y air slits (6) between the rectangular cavity 2 (2) and the rectangular cavity 3 (3) and between the rectangular cavity 3 (3) and the rectangular cavity 4 (4) is The change expression is as follows: （2） In formula (2): , is the serial number of the air slit.

4. The acoustic proportional power divider based on a planar five-cavity coupling configuration according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The relationship between the coupling strength and the length of the air slit (6) is: .

5. A method for operating the acoustic proportional power divider based on a planar five-cavity coupling configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: Since the air slit (6) between the rectangular cavity 1 (1) and the rectangular cavity 2 (2) is the same as the air slit (6) between the rectangular cavity 4 (4) and the rectangular cavity 5 (5), the coupling strength between the rectangular cavity 1 (1) and the rectangular cavity 2 (2) is the same as the coupling strength between the rectangular cavity 4 (4) and the rectangular cavity 5 (5), which is recorded as Since the air slit (6) between the rectangular cavity 2 (2) and the rectangular cavity 3 (3) is the same as the air slit (6) between the rectangular cavity 3 (3) and the rectangular cavity 4 (4), the coupling strength between the rectangular cavity 2 (2) and the rectangular cavity 3 (3) is the same as the coupling strength between the rectangular cavity 3 (3) and the rectangular cavity 4 (4), which is recorded as ; S2: The coupling matrix between sound and structure can be obtained : （3） S3: Calculate the eigenstates of the power divider based on the coupling matrix: （4） In formula (4): , which represents the coupling strength and coupling strength The mixing angle between Represents the sound field state of rectangular cavity one (1); Represents the sound field state of rectangular cavity three (3); Represents the sound field state of rectangular cavity five (5); S4: You can get: The acoustic power distribution of rectangular cavity 1 (1) is ; The sound power distribution of rectangular cavity three (3) is ; The sound power distribution of rectangular cavity five (5) is ; S5: Let the coupling strength at the starting position , the coupling strength at the end position , making the coupling strength The peak value is higher than the coupling strength Peak value; S6: You will get: In the starting position, the mixing angle , so: the sound power distribution of rectangular cavity one (1) is 0, the sound power distribution of rectangular cavity three (3) is 1, and the sound power distribution of rectangular cavity five (5) is 0, which meets the input condition of the left port of rectangular cavity three (3); At the end position, the blend angle ,Right now: , so: the sound power distribution of rectangular cavity one (1), rectangular cavity three (3) and rectangular cavity five (5) at the end position are all , that is, have the same proportion of output power.

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