Low-inertia motion slide for high-speed high-precision machine tool and manufacturing method

Abstract

The present application relates to machine tool component technology field, especially relates to low inertia motion slide for high-speed high-precision machine tool and manufacturing method, to solve the problem of large inertia, low stiffness and poor thermal stability of steel or cast iron motion slide, scheme includes: framework, made of ceramic material, middle is equipped with flat part, both opposite ends of the flat part are equipped with groove part, and form annular groove with the flat part as groove bottom and two groove parts as groove wall, the groove opening of the groove part faces outward; Transverse fiber composite material is wound in the annular groove layer by layer and surrounds the flat part in a ring shape; Longitudinal fiber composite material is wound layer by layer in a ring shape through two groove parts and the middle area between them, the innermost layer contacts the outermost layer of the transverse fiber composite material at the middle area, and the wire bundles of the two are perpendicular to each other; The present application reduces the motion inertia of the slide by the way of winding the ceramic framework with fiber composite material, improves the stiffness and thermal stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool component technology, and in particular to a low-inertia motion slide for high-speed, high-precision machine tools and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed cutting machine tools are high-end industrial machines used for ultra-precision machining of difficult-to-machine materials such as ceramics, semiconductors, and hardened steel. Spindle speeds typically range from 8,000 rpm to over 200,000 rpm. However, the corresponding feed acceleration is generally only 0.01–0.1g, far less than the desired 0.3–0.5g, severely limiting machining efficiency. One key reason is that the motion slides of high-speed cutting machine tools are currently mainly made of cast iron or steel, resulting in a large moment of inertia. This poses a significant challenge to the servo control system, making it difficult to achieve high feed acceleration while maintaining motion accuracy, thus limiting cutting efficiency. Furthermore, motion slides made of cast iron or steel have poor rigidity and thermal stability, significantly affecting and restricting the machine tool's accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-inertia motion slide for high-speed, high-precision machine tools and its manufacturing method, thereby solving the problems of high inertia, low stiffness, and poor thermal stability of existing steel or cast iron motion slides. To achieve the above objective, this invention provides the following technical solution:

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a low-inertia motion slide for high-speed, high-precision machine tools, comprising:

[0005] The skeleton is made of ceramic material and has a flat part in the middle. There are grooves at two opposite ends of the flat part, forming an annular groove with the flat part as the bottom and the two grooves as the walls. The groove openings of the grooves face outward.

[0006] Transverse fiber composite material is wound layer by layer inside the annular groove and surrounds the straight portion in a ring shape;

[0007] The longitudinal fiber composite material is wound in a ring shape layer by layer through the two grooves and the intermediate region between them. The innermost layer contacts the outermost layer of the transverse fiber composite material in the intermediate region and the two strands intersect perpendicularly.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the grooved portion extends to both sides along its groove direction at the connection with the straight portion, and the extension length of its groove wall is greater than the extension length of its groove bottom, thereby forming a preset surface at both ends of the groove bottom. The transverse fiber composite material is wound and then flush with the preset surface.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the longitudinal fiber composite material is wound to be flush with the groove top surface and the side surface of the groove wall of the groove portion.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the transverse fiber composite material on the upper and lower surfaces is flush with the longitudinal fiber composite material.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the transverse fiber composite material and the longitudinal fiber composite material are impregnated with resin.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the skeleton is integrally formed by a ceramic material.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the flat portion is a rectangular plate structure, and the two groove portions are symmetrically arranged on the longitudinal and transverse center lines of the flat portion.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the skeleton is made of alumina ceramic material or zirconia ceramic material.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the transverse fiber composite material and the longitudinal fiber composite material are the same fiber composite material, which is carbon fiber composite material or glass fiber composite material or ceramic fiber composite material.

[0016] In a second aspect, the application provides a manufacturing method for a low-inertia motion slide for high-speed high-precision machine tools according to the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1. According to the required external dimensions, surface quality and interface requirements of the motion slide, based on the existing process method for manufacturing industrial ceramic parts, the skeleton is made;

[0018] S2. The fiber bundle of the transverse fiber composite material impregnated with resin is wound around the flat portion in the annular groove layer by layer until flush with the preset surface;

[0019] S3. The fiber bundle of the longitudinal fiber composite material impregnated with resin is wound around the two groove portions and the intermediate region therebetween layer by layer until flush with the side surface and the groove top surface, obtaining a preform;

[0020] S4. The preform is heated and pressurized in an oven and then cooled and solidified to form a motion slide;

[0021] S5. The interface surface of the skeleton of the motion slide is cleaned, and the process is completed.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned application are as follows:

[0023] (1) The skeleton of the present application is made of ceramic material, and the transverse fiber composite material and the longitudinal fiber composite material are wound outside the skeleton to form a motion slide together; since the density of ceramic material is only 1 / 2 of that of steel, and the density of fiber composite material is only 1 / 4 of that of steel, the overall mass of the motion slide of the present application is reduced to about 1 / 3 of that of the existing steel motion slide, achieving the purpose of light weight and low motion inertia of the motion slide. In addition, ceramic material and fiber composite material have lower thermal expansion coefficient than steel, and the overall thermal expansion coefficient is about 1 / 2 or less of that of the steel motion slide, having good thermal stability.

[0024] (2) The present application is provided with an annular groove with a flat part as the groove bottom and two recessed parts as the groove wall, forming an annular area for accommodating the transverse fiber composite material; and the recessed parts at both ends of the flat part form the winding area of the longitudinal fiber composite material. As can be seen, the structure of the present application is not simply laying a layer of fiber composite material outside the slide, but embedding the fiber composite material into the skeleton by winding, which can make the fiber composite material and the skeleton integrated, bearing the load from all directions, and the force is not transmitted by the shear force between the skeleton and the fiber composite material, but by the direct tension and compression of the skeleton to the fiber composite material, so that the motion slide has high overall stiffness.

[0025] (3) The recessed groove wall of the present application has an extension length greater than the groove bottom extension length to form a preset surface at both ends of the groove bottom, and the recessed groove bottom part is missing to form an opening; the preset surface can be used as a standard surface for the thickness dimension of the transverse fiber composite material, and the transverse fiber composite material stops after being wound and flush with the preset surface; in addition, the opening formed can be used for the longitudinal fiber composite material to pass through, so that it can be wound around the transverse fiber composite material, forming the overall structure of the transverse fiber composite material surrounding the skeleton and the longitudinal fiber composite material surrounding the skeleton and the transverse fiber composite material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated herein by reference. These drawings are not to be considered limiting of the application, but are merely illustrative. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the application and are not therefore to be considered to be limiting of its scope, the application will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail by the use of the accompanying drawings in which:

[0027] Figure 1 The overall structure of the low-inertia motion slide for high-speed high-precision machine tool in the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0028] Figure 2 The skeleton structure of the low-inertia motion slide in the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0029] Figure 3 A top view of the overall structure of a low-inertia motion slide for a high-speed, high-precision machine tool, as shown in an embodiment of the present invention, is illustrated.

[0030] Figure 4 It shows Figure 3 Sectional view along the AA direction;

[0031] Figure 5 It shows Figure 3 Sectional view along the BB direction.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Skeleton; 11. Straight part; 12. Groove part; 121. Upper groove wall; 122. Lower groove wall; 123. Groove bottom; 13. Side; 14. Pre-set surface; 15. Groove top surface; 2. Transverse fiber composite material; 3. Longitudinal fiber composite material. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions in typical embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a low-inertia motion slide for high-speed, high-precision machine tools, including a frame 1 and a transverse fiber composite material 2 and a longitudinal fiber composite material 3 wound thereon.

[0036] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the skeleton 1 is made of ceramic material and has a straight section 11 in the middle for winding the transverse fiber composite material 2. The straight section 11 has a groove 12 at each of its two opposite ends, forming an annular groove with the straight section 11 as the bottom and the two grooves 12 as the walls, forming an annular area to accommodate the transverse fiber composite material 2. The groove opening of the groove 12 faces outward. In this embodiment, the groove of the groove 12 is a rectangular groove, and its bottom part is connected to the straight section 11 and is vertically connected. In this case, the opening of the groove faces outward (if the straight section 11 is in a horizontal state, the opening of the groove faces outward horizontally), forming a winding area for the longitudinal fiber composite material 3.

[0037] The transverse fiber composite material 2 is wound layer by layer in the annular groove and surrounds the straight part 11 in a ring shape; the longitudinal fiber composite material 3 is wound layer by layer in a ring shape through the two grooved parts 12 and the middle area between them, and its innermost layer contacts the outermost layer of the transverse fiber composite material 2 in the middle area and the two strands cross perpendicularly.

[0038] The skeleton 1 is made of ceramic material in the embodiment, and the transverse fiber composite material 2 and the longitudinal fiber composite material 3 are wound outside the skeleton to form a motion slide table together; since the density of ceramic material is only 1 / 2 of that of steel and the density of fiber composite material is only 1 / 4 of that of steel, the overall mass of the motion slide table of the embodiment is reduced to about 1 / 3 of that of the existing steel motion slide table, so that the light mass and low motion inertia of the motion slide table are achieved. In addition, the ceramic material and the fiber composite material have lower thermal expansion coefficients than steel, and the overall thermal expansion coefficient is about 1 / 2 or less of that of the steel motion slide table, so that good thermal stability is achieved.

[0039] In the embodiment, an annular groove with a flat portion 11 as a groove bottom and two groove portions 12 as groove walls is provided to form an annular area for accommodating the transverse fiber composite material 2; and the groove portions 12 at both ends of the flat portion 11 are provided to form a winding area for the longitudinal fiber composite material 3. As can be seen, the structure of the embodiment is not simply a layer of fiber composite material laid outside the slide table, but the fiber composite material is embedded in the skeleton 1 by winding, so that the fiber composite material is integrated with the skeleton 1 to bear loads from all directions, and the force is not transmitted by shear force between the skeleton 1 and the fiber composite material, but by direct tension and compression of the skeleton 1 to the fiber composite material, so that the motion slide table has high overall stiffness.

[0040] As shown in Figure 2 The groove portion 12 includes an upper groove wall 121, a lower groove wall 122 and a groove bottom 123, and the groove of the groove portion 12 in the embodiment is a rectangular groove. The groove portion 12 extends to both sides along the groove at the connection with the flat portion 11, and the extension length of the groove wall is greater than that of the groove bottom 123, so that a preset surface 14 is formed at both ends of the groove bottom 123, and the transverse fiber composite material 2 is flush with the preset surface 14 after winding. The upper groove wall 121 and the lower groove wall 122 are provided with preset interfaces for mounting machine tool components such as tools, clamps and the like.

[0041] The extension length of the groove wall of the groove portion 12 in the embodiment is greater than that of the groove bottom 123, so that a preset surface 14 is formed at both ends of the groove bottom 123, and at the same time, an opening is formed by the missing part of the groove bottom 123; the preset surface 14 formed can be used as a standard surface for the thickness dimension of the transverse fiber composite material 2, and the transverse fiber composite material 2 stops after being flush with the preset surface 14 after winding; in addition, the opening formed can be used for the longitudinal fiber composite material 3 to pass through, so that the longitudinal fiber composite material 3 can be wound around the transverse fiber composite material 2 to form an overall structure in which the transverse fiber composite material 2 surrounds the skeleton 1 and the longitudinal fiber composite material 3 surrounds the skeleton 1 and the transverse fiber composite material 2.

[0042] In the embodiment, the longitudinal fiber composite material 3 is wound to be flush with the groove top surface 15 and the side surface 13 at both ends of the groove wall of the groove portion 12, so that the whole motion slide is in a rectangular structure.

[0043] In the embodiment, the design of the preset surface 14 and the design of the groove width of the groove portion 12 are to ensure that the transverse fiber composite material 2 and the longitudinal fiber composite material 3 are flush after being wound on the upper and lower surfaces of the motion slide.

[0044] In the embodiment, the transverse fiber composite material 2 and the longitudinal fiber composite material 3 are impregnated with resin, and the resin used in the embodiment is polyether ether ketone resin material (PEEK). The resin is in a liquid state (molten state) during impregnation, and is cooled to a solid state before being wound. After the transverse fiber composite material 2 and the longitudinal fiber composite material 3 are wound, a preform is obtained, and the preform is placed in an oven for heating and pressurizing, and then cooled and solidified to form the motion slide of the embodiment.

[0045] The resin impregnated in the fiber composite material is heated in an oven and then cooled and solidified to form a continuous matrix, which locks the transverse fibers and the longitudinal fibers to avoid fiber slippage and achieve the design requirements. The solidified resin directly transmits the tensile and compressive loads of the framework 1 to the fibers, the path is the shortest, and the stiffness is maximized. The resin can fill the micro gaps between the fibers and the framework, eliminate weak points, and improve the fatigue life of the motion slide.

[0046] The framework 1 in the embodiment is integrally formed by a ceramic material, which improves the integrity of the structure. The flat portion 11 is in a rectangular plate structure, and the two groove portions 12 are symmetrically arranged on the longitudinal and transverse center lines of the flat portion 11, so that the whole motion slide is in a rectangular structure.

[0047] In the embodiment, the framework 1 is made of alumina ceramic material or zirconia ceramic material. It can be understood that in other embodiments, other ceramic materials can also be used as long as they can achieve the performance of the above-mentioned ceramic materials, and are not limited to the types of ceramic materials given in the embodiment.

[0048] In the embodiment, the transverse fiber composite material 2 and the longitudinal fiber composite material 3 are the same fiber composite material, which is carbon fiber composite material or glass fiber composite material or ceramic fiber composite material. It can be understood that in other embodiments, other fiber composite materials can also be used as long as they can achieve the performance of the above-mentioned fiber composite materials, and are not limited to the types of fiber composite materials given in the embodiment.

[0049] It should be noted that the motion slide of the embodiment achieves the purpose of light weight and low inertia by winding the fiber composite material through the ceramic framework, but the main processing load still needs to be borne by the ceramic framework, and the ceramic framework is relatively brittle, so that the motion slide of the embodiment is suitable for high-speed light-load (high speed 4-5m / s) working conditions.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] The embodiment provides a manufacturing method of a low-inertia motion slide for a high-speed high-precision machine tool according to the embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

[0052] S1, according to the required external dimensions, surface quality and interface requirements of the motion slide, based on the existing process method of industrial ceramic parts, the framework 1 is made; the existing industrial ceramic part manufacturing process method is relatively mature, and the framework 1 structure of the embodiment can be realized.

[0053] S2, the fiber bundle of the transverse fiber composite material 2 impregnated with resin is wound in the annular groove around the flat part 11 layer by layer until it is flush with the preset surface 14;

[0054] S3, the fiber bundle of the longitudinal fiber composite material 3 impregnated with resin is wound around the two groove parts 12 and the middle area between them layer by layer until it is flush with the side surface 13 and the groove top surface 15, and a preform is obtained;

[0055] S4, the preform is placed in an oven for heating and pressurizing, and then cooled and solidified to form a motion slide;

[0056] S5, clean the interface surface of the motion slide framework 1, and the motion slide is obtained.

[0057] Although the present application has been disclosed with the above preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present application by using the above disclosed methods and technical contents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application, which does not deviate from the technical solutions of the present application, belongs to the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A low-inertia motion slide for high-speed high-precision machine tools, characterized in that, The application relates to a kind of ceramic material motion slide, comprising: Skeleton (1), made of ceramic material, provided with flat section (11) in the middle, recessed section (12) is arranged on both opposite ends of the flat section (11), and forms annular groove with the flat section (11) as groove bottom and the two recessed sections (12) as groove wall, and the recessed section (12) has recessed opening outward; Transverse fiber composite material (2) is wound layer by layer in the annular groove and surrounds the flat section (11) in a ring shape; Longitudinal fiber composite material (3) is wound layer by layer through the two recessed sections (12) and the middle area therebetween, and the innermost layer is in contact with the outermost layer of the transverse fiber composite material (2) at the middle area, and the two strands are perpendicular to each other.

2. The low-inertia motion slide for high-speed high-precision machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The recessed section (12) extends to both sides along the groove at the connection with the flat section (11), the groove wall extends longer than the groove bottom (123), thereby forming preset surface (14) at both ends of the groove bottom (123), and the transverse fiber composite material (2) is flush with the preset surface (14) after winding.

3. The low-inertia motion slide for high-speed high-precision machine tools according to claim 2, characterized in that, The longitudinal fiber composite material (3) is flush with the groove top surface (15) of the recessed section (12) and the side surface (13) at both ends of the groove wall after winding.

4. The low-inertia motion slide for high-speed high-precision machine tools according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transverse fiber composite material (2) on the upper and lower surfaces is flush with the longitudinal fiber composite material (3).

5. The low-inertia motion slide for high-speed high-precision machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse fiber composite material (2) and the longitudinal fiber composite material (3) are impregnated with resin.

6. The low-inertia motion slide for high-speed high-precision machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The skeleton (1) is integrally formed by ceramic material.

7. The low-inertia motion slide for high-speed high-precision machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flat section (11) is in the shape of a rectangular plate, and the two recessed sections (12) are symmetrically arranged on the longitudinal and transverse center lines of the flat section (11).

8. The low-inertia motion slide for high-speed high-precision machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The skeleton (1) is made of alumina ceramic material or zirconia ceramic material.

9. The low-inertia motion slide for high-speed high-precision machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse fiber composite material (2) and the longitudinal fiber composite material (3) are the same fiber composite material, which is carbon fiber composite material or glass fiber composite material or ceramic fiber composite material.

10. The method for manufacturing a low-inertia motion slide for a high-speed, high-precision machine tool as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The application further discloses a manufacturing method of the ceramic material motion slide, comprising the following steps: S1, manufacturing the skeleton (1) according to the required external dimensions, surface quality and interface requirements of the motion slide; S2, winding the fiber strand of the transverse fiber composite material (2) impregnated with resin around the flat section (11) layer by layer in the annular groove until flush with the preset surface (14); S3, winding the fiber strand of the longitudinal fiber composite material (3) impregnated with resin around the two recessed sections (12) and the middle area therebetween layer by layer until flush with the side surface (13) and the groove top surface (15), to obtain a preform; S4, placing the preform into an oven for heating and pressurizing, and then cooling and solidifying to form a motion slide; S5, cleaning the interface surface of the skeleton (1) of the motion slide.

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