Biaxial rotary surface measuring instrument applied to inner and outer surface topography of tubular parts

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of pipe detection, in particular to a double-shaft rotary surface measuring instrument applied to the inner and outer surface topography of a tubular piece, which comprises an L-shaped bottom frame and a concave top frame, the concave top frame is fixedly installed at the top end of the L-shaped bottom frame, a pretreatment mechanism is arranged in the L-shaped bottom frame, and a positioning frame with a concave structure is rotationally arranged at the opening end in the concave top frame. Through the cooperative matching of self-adaptive clamping, pretreatment operation and double-shaft scanning, the problems of great clamping difficulty, complex multi-directional scanning and limited measurement in the inner and outer surface detection of the tubular piece are solved, the surface topography detection with high efficiency and multi-specification compatibility is realized, and the double-shaft rotary surface measuring instrument is suitable for the detection requirements of small-diameter and complex tubular pieces in the field of precision machinery and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of pipe detection, in particular to a double-shaft rotary surface measuring instrument applied to the inner and outer surface topography of a tubular piece. BACKGROUND

[0002] Large-specification tubular pieces such as petroleum pipelines, turbine blade cooling holes of an aero-engine and precision mechanical transmission shafts play a key role in a modern industrial system, however, in the actual manufacturing process, the accurate control of the inner and outer surface topography of the large-specification tubular pieces faces many challenges.

[0003] On one hand, the geometric features of part tubular pieces are complex, there are both continuous curved surfaces and sudden structures, and the size span is large, the adaptability and accuracy of the measuring equipment are highly required due to the diversity and heterogeneity of the surface topography, on the other hand, the micro defects and macro geometric errors of the inner and outer surfaces of the tubular pieces can significantly affect the functional performance and service life.

[0004] At present, the tubular piece surface detection equipment has obvious limitations in the measuring method: the traditional contact type measuring equipment mostly adopts a single-shaft or simple double-shaft motion platform, and it is difficult to efficiently obtain the three-dimensional topography data of the full surface of the tubular piece, especially the inner wall of a small-diameter deep hole; although the non-contact optical measuring equipment can avoid contact damage, the detection effect is poor for the tubular piece with low surface reflectivity, and it is difficult to realize the synchronous measurement of the inner and outer surfaces; in addition, a fixed path scanning mode is mostly adopted, which is easy to cause low measuring efficiency and to form a data blind area, and for the super large-specification tubular piece, the measuring space and the bearing capacity are both insufficient, which seriously affects the actual application of industrial detection.

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides an innovative design scheme of a double-shaft rotary surface measuring instrument, which realizes spiral full-coverage scanning of the inner and outer surfaces of the tubular piece and multi-dimensional non-contact lossless detection effect through the cooperative movement of the tubular piece rotation shaft and the measuring probe feeding shaft, and effectively solves the problems of insufficient accuracy, low efficiency and limited application range of the traditional equipment in the detection of complex tubular pieces. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the application is to solve the problems of large clamping difficulty, complex multi-directional scanning and limited measurement in the detection of the inner and outer surfaces of the tubular piece through the adaptive clamping, pretreatment operation and cooperative cooperation of double-shaft scanning, which is beneficial to realize efficient, multi-specification compatible surface topography detection, and is suitable for the detection requirements of small-diameter and complex tubular pieces in the field of precision machinery.

[0007] The purpose of the application can be realized by the following technical solutions: a double-shaft rotary surface measuring instrument applied to the inner and outer surface topography of a tubular part, comprising an L-shaped bottom frame and a concave top frame, and the concave top frame is fixedly installed at the top end of the L-shaped bottom frame, a pretreatment mechanism is arranged inside the L-shaped bottom frame, and a positioning frame with a concave structure is rotatably arranged at the opening end of the concave top frame;

[0008] The inner part of the front and rear frame bodies of the concave top frame is respectively provided with a long groove, a spiral guide rod one is transversely arranged inside the long groove of the rear frame body, and a slide rod is transversely arranged inside the long groove of the front frame body, wherein one end of the spiral guide rod one and the inner wall of the end part of the long groove are provided with a motor one;

[0009] The front end shaft of the positioning frame extends to the outside of the concave top frame and is provided with a motor two, and the inside of the positioning frame is provided with a multi-head clamping mechanism.

[0010] Further, the spiral guide rod one and the slide rod are respectively sleeved with a sliding block, and the spiral guide rod one and the sliding block are connected at the spiral position, the bottoms of the two groups of sliding blocks extend to the outside of the long groove and are fixedly installed with a connecting plate, the top surface of the connecting plate is provided with two groups of transverse probes, and the distal end of the transverse probe is provided with a laser probe.

[0011] Further, the spiral guide rod one and the slide rod are respectively provided with a sliding sleeve at the adjacent positions outside the sliding block, and the spiral guide rod one and the slide rod are respectively provided with a buffer spring group ring at one side of the sleeve, the top of the two groups of sleeves is fixedly installed with a longitudinal probe through a vertical rod, and the bottom of the longitudinal probe is provided with two groups of laser probes.

[0012] Further, the pretreatment mechanism comprises a sliding frame fixedly installed at the inner wall of the bottom of the L-shaped bottom frame away from the opening end, and a double-shaft motor is arranged at the center of the inside of the sliding frame, the front and rear end output shafts of the double-shaft motor are fixedly installed with spiral guide rods two with opposite screw structures, the outer parts of the two groups of spiral guide rods two are respectively fixedly sleeved with spiral sleeves, and the top centers of the two groups of spiral sleeves are respectively fixedly installed with vertical rods.

[0013] Further, the top of the sliding frame is provided with four groups of clamping plates at equal distances, the one ends of the four groups of clamping plates are jointly provided with a side plate, the bottom of the side plate and the inner wall of the bottom of the L-shaped bottom frame are jointly provided with a cylinder one, the one ends of the two groups of clamping plates at the front and rear ends are slidably matched with the sliding grooves arranged at the wall surface of the side plate, the inner parts of the two groups of plate bodies are respectively provided with air slots, the two groups of vertical rods are respectively penetrated into the corresponding air slots, and the bottoms of the two groups of clamping plates at the center are fixedly connected with the wall surface of the side plate.

[0014] Further, the multi-head material clamping mechanism comprises an active long plate slidingly installed in the positioning frame and a fixed long plate arranged at the bottom of the active long plate, and the front and rear ends of the fixed long plate are fixedly connected with the front and rear inner walls of the positioning frame, respectively, a pneumatic cylinder two is arranged at the center of the top surface of the fixed long plate, and a push rod arranged at the top output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder two is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the active long plate, and vertical cylinders are rotatably connected with the front and rear ends of the bottom of the fixed long plate, respectively, and a limiting cylinder is installed at the bottom of the vertical cylinder.

[0015] Further, the multi-head material clamping mechanism comprises an active long plate slidingly installed in the positioning frame and a fixed long plate arranged at the bottom of the active long plate, and the front and rear ends of the fixed long plate are fixedly connected with the front and rear inner walls of the positioning frame, respectively, a pneumatic cylinder two is arranged at the center of the top surface of the fixed long plate, and a push rod arranged at the top output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder two is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the active long plate, and vertical cylinders are rotatably connected with the front and rear ends of the bottom of the fixed long plate, respectively, and a limiting cylinder is installed at the bottom of the vertical cylinder.

[0016] Further, a gear set is arranged at the top end position of the outer wall of the limiting cylinder, the gear sets of the two limiting cylinders are jointly meshed with an auxiliary rotating gear, and a motor three is arranged between the top of the auxiliary rotating gear and the fixed long plate.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present application is through the setting pretreatment mechanism, realizes the adaptive clamping and shock to many groups of pipe fittings and removes the dirt, adopts the double-shaft motor to drive two groups of reverse thread spiral guide rod two, and drives the relative movement of the front and rear clamping plates, and cooperates with the fixed clamping plate to realize the self-adaptive clamping of pipe fittings of different diameters, so as to be compatible with multiple specifications of pipe fittings; then the side plate and the clamping plate are pushed up and down as a whole by the pneumatic cylinder one, so that the pipe fitting bottom is forced to collide with the L-shaped bottom frame, the external waste is accelerated to fall off by mechanical shock, and the positioning and installation of the pipe fitting and the unloading are considered at the same time, and the sedimentation type unloading reduces the rolling damage.

[0019] The present application is through the setting pretreatment mechanism, realizes the adaptive clamping and shock to many groups of pipe fittings and removes the dirt, adopts the double-shaft motor to drive two groups of reverse thread spiral guide rod two, and drives the relative movement of the front and rear clamping plates, and cooperates with the fixed clamping plate to realize the self-adaptive clamping of pipe fittings of different diameters, so as to be compatible with multiple specifications of pipe fittings; then the side plate and the clamping plate are pushed up and down as a whole by the pneumatic cylinder one, so that the pipe fitting bottom is forced to collide with the L-shaped bottom frame, the external waste is accelerated to fall off by mechanical shock, and the positioning and installation of the pipe fitting and the unloading are considered at the same time, and the sedimentation type unloading reduces the rolling damage.

[0020] In combination with the detection structure, the spiral guide rod one rotates, and the sliding block drives the connecting plate and the horizontal probe rod to translate, so that the laser probe is inserted into the inner wall of the pipe fitting and horizontally scanned; the sliding block synchronously pushes the resistance cylinder, the buffer spring group ring is compressed and buffered, the longitudinal probe rod is pushed to move linearly along the outer wall of the pipe fitting, and the laser probe is synchronously longitudinally scanned on the outer wall, so that the double-probe layout of synchronous detection of the inner and outer walls is formed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] For the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand, the present application is further described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 It is the initial state schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 It is the running state schematic diagram of the upper loading plate structure of the present application.

[0024] Figure 3 It is the side view of the upper loading plate structure of the present application.

[0025] Figure 4 It is the plane schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0026] Figure 5 It is the top view of the L-shaped bottom frame combined with the pretreatment mechanism of the present application.

[0027] Figure 6 It is the half-section schematic diagram of the multi-head material clamping mechanism of the present application.

[0028] Figure 7 It is the bottom schematic diagram of the multi-head material clamping mechanism of the present application.

[0029] In the drawings: 1, L-shaped bottom frame; 2, concave top frame; 201, spiral guide rod one; 202, sliding rod; 203, motor one; 204, sliding block; 205, connecting plate; 206, transverse probe rod; 207, resistance cylinder; 208, buffer spring group ring; 209, longitudinal probe rod; 3, pretreatment mechanism; 31, sliding frame; 32, double-shaft motor; 33, spiral guide rod two; 34, spiral sleeve; 35, vertical rod; 36, clamping plate; 37, side plate; 38, air cylinder one; 4, positioning frame; 5, motor two; 6, multi-head material clamping mechanism; 61, movable long plate; 62, fixed long plate; 63, air cylinder two; 64, vertical cylinder; 65, limiting cylinder; 66, tapered cylinder; 67, lifting rod; 68, resistance plate; 69, insert piece; 610, damping spring damping ring; 611, auxiliary gear; 612, motor three. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the embodiments, obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0031] Embodiment one: please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the biaxial rotary surface measuring instrument applied to the inner and outer surface topography of the tubular member comprises an L-shaped bottom frame 1 and a concave top frame 2, and the concave top frame 2 is fixedly installed at the top end of the L-shaped bottom frame 1, the inside of the L-shaped bottom frame 1 is provided with a pretreatment mechanism 3, the opening end of the inside of the concave top frame 2 is rotatably provided with a positioning frame 4 of a concave structure, the front end shaft of the positioning frame 4 extends to the outside of the concave top frame 2 and is provided with a motor 5, and the inside of the positioning frame 4 is provided with a multi-head clamping mechanism 6.

[0032] The pretreatment mechanism 3 comprises a sliding frame 31 fixedly installed at the inner wall of the bottom of the L-shaped bottom frame 1 away from the opening end, and a double-shaft motor 32 is arranged at the inside center of the sliding frame 31, and the front and rear end output shafts of the double-shaft motor 32 are respectively fixedly installed with screw guide rods 33 of opposite screw structures, and the outside of the two groups of screw guide rods 33 is respectively fixedly sleeved with screw sleeves 34, and the top center of the two groups of screw sleeves 34 is respectively fixedly installed with vertical rods 35.

[0033] The top of the sliding frame 31 is provided with four groups of clamping plates 36 at equal distances, one end of the four groups of clamping plates 36 is commonly provided with a side plate 37, the bottom of the side plate 37 and the bottom inner wall of the L-shaped bottom frame 1 are commonly provided with a cylinder 38, the two groups of clamping plates 36 at the front and rear ends are slidably matched with the sliding grooves arranged at the wall surface of the side plate 37 at one end, and the two groups of plate bodies are respectively provided with a hollow groove, and the two groups of vertical rods 35 are respectively penetrated into the corresponding hollow grooves, and the bottom of the two groups of clamping plates 36 at the center is fixedly connected with the wall surface of the side plate 37.

[0034] In the specific operation process, first, the two groups of pipe fittings are vertically placed on the top surface of the L-shaped bottom frame 1, and it is ensured that the two groups of pipe fittings are clamped between the adjacent two groups of clamping plates 36, then the double-shaft motor 32 is started and drives the two groups of screw guide rods 33 provided with opposite threads to rotate in the same direction, so that the two groups of clamping plates 36 at the front and rear ends are forced to move relatively, thereby the clamping plates 36 at the front and rear ends and the adjacent fixedly installed clamping plates 36 commonly clamp the bottom of the pipe fitting adaptively.

[0035] At the same time, the cylinder 38 is started to push the side plate 36, the groups of clamping plates 36 and the clamped pipe fittings to move up and down synchronously, in the downward movement process, the bottoms of the two groups of pipe fittings are respectively hit with the bottom inner wall of the L-shaped bottom frame 1, so as to realize the shock of the pipe fittings, so as to accelerate the falling of the waste on the outside of the pipe fitting.

[0036] In addition, this clamping and up-and-down moving mode can also be used for positioning and installing the pipe fitting and discharging, through the cooperation with the multi-head clamping mechanism 6, the pipe fitting can be lifted to the position of the multi-head clamping mechanism 6 for clamping, and the pipe fitting can be unloaded through sinking placement, so as to reduce the damage of the pipe fitting in the rolling process.

[0037] Example two: please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the multi-head clamping mechanism 6 comprises a movable long plate 61 slidingly mounted inside the positioning frame 4 and a fixed long plate 62 provided at the bottom of the movable long plate 61, and the front and rear ends of the fixed long plate 62 are fixedly connected with the inner walls of the positioning frame 4, a cylinder 2 is provided at the center of the top surface of the fixed long plate 62, a push rod provided at the top output shaft of the cylinder 2 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the movable long plate 61, and the front and rear ends of the bottom of the fixed long plate 62 are rotatably connected with vertical cylinders 64, and the bottom of each vertical cylinder 64 is mounted with a limiting cylinder 65;

[0038] A tapered cylinder 66 with a narrow bottom and a wide top is movably arranged at the center of the inside of each limiting cylinder 65, a lifting rod 67 is fixedly mounted at the center of the top of the tapered cylinder 66, one end of the lifting rod 67 penetrates through the limiting cylinder 65 and extends to the outside of the vertical cylinder 64, and the top end of the lifting rod 67 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the movable long plate 61, and a plurality of groups of abutting plates 68 are movably arranged at equal distances on the inclined surface of the tapered cylinder 66 inside the limiting cylinder 65;

[0039] One end of each abutting plate 68 extends to the outside of the limiting cylinder 65, an insertion piece 69 is fixedly and penetratingly arranged at the middle of each group of abutting plates 68, and the two ends of the insertion piece 69 extend to the two sides of the abutting plate 68, and a damping spring shock absorber 610 is arranged between the two ends of the insertion piece 69 and the inner wall of the limiting cylinder 65, a set of teeth is arranged at the top end of the outer wall of the limiting cylinder 65, a auxiliary gear 611 is jointly meshed between the two sets of teeth of the limiting cylinders 65, and a motor 3 is arranged between the top of the auxiliary gear 611 and the fixed long plate 62;

[0040] The two groups of pipe fittings are clamped and lifted inside the positioning pipe 4 by the pretreatment mechanism 3, until the top openings of the two groups of pipe fittings are sleeved with the outside of the two groups of limiting cylinders 65, then the cylinder 2 is started to pull the movable long plate 61 and the two groups of lifting rods 67 up or down by the push rod, when the movable long plate 61 sinks down, the lifting rod 67 pushes the tapered cylinder 66 to sink down synchronously, and the inclined surface of the tapered cylinder 66 constantly abuts against the inclined surface of the plurality of groups of abutting plates 68, forcing the end of the plurality of groups of abutting plates 68 away from the inclined surface to move to the outside of the limiting cylinder 65 constantly, until the plurality of groups of abutting plates 68 abut against the inner wall of the pipe fitting, until the pipe fitting is lifted and supported;

[0041] Then the motor 2 is started to drive the positioning frame 4 to rotate clockwise by 90 degrees, forcing the two groups of clamped pipe fittings to rotate to the inside of the concave top frame 2 for inner and outer wall detection.

[0042] Example three: please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the concave top frame 2 is provided with a long slot in the inner part of the front and rear frame bodies, a spiral guide rod 1 is horizontally rotatably arranged inside the long slot of the rear frame body, and a slide rod 202 is horizontally arranged inside the long slot of the front frame body;

[0043] One end of the spiral guide rod 201 is provided with a motor 203 between the inner wall of the long slot end, and the outer part of the spiral guide rod 201 and the slide rod 202 is respectively sleeved with a sliding block 204, and the spiral guide rod 201 and the sliding block 204 are connected at the spiral position, the two groups of sliding blocks 204 extend to the outside of the long slot and are commonly fixedly installed with a connecting plate 205, and the top surface of the connecting plate 205 is provided with two groups of transverse feelers 206, and the end away from the connecting plate 205 of the transverse feeler 206 is provided with a laser probe;

[0044] The outer part of the spiral guide rod 201 and the slide rod 202 is located at the adjacent position of the sliding block 204 and is respectively sleeved with a resisting cylinder 207, and the outer part of the spiral guide rod 201 and the slide rod 202 is located at one side of the resisting cylinder 207 and is respectively sleeved with a buffer spring group ring 208, the top of the two groups of resisting cylinders 207 and the end away from the sliding block 204 are commonly installed with a longitudinal feeler 209 through a vertical rod, and the bottom of the longitudinal feeler 209 is provided with two groups of laser probes;

[0045] The specific detection process includes that the two groups of pipe fittings after overturning are located at the bottom of the longitudinal feeler 209, and the ports of the two groups of pipe fittings correspond to the left and right laser probes of the two groups of transverse feelers 206, at this time, the spiral guide rod 201 is started to rotate by the motor 203, thereby driving the synchronous movement of the sliding block 204 outside, and dragging the synchronous translation of the connecting plate 205 and the other group of sliding blocks 204, during which, the connecting plate 205 pushes the two groups of transverse feelers 206 to move, until the laser probes at the end of the transverse feeler 206 are inserted into the inner wall of the pipe fitting in a straight line, and the change of the inner wall surface of the pipe fitting is detected by infrared rays;

[0046] At the same time, the two groups of sliding blocks 204 push the two groups of resisting cylinders 207 to move, and the buffer spring group ring 208 is compressed, and the longitudinal feeler 209 connected at the top end of the resisting cylinder 207 moves linearly along the outer wall of the two groups of pipe fittings, and the two groups of laser probes outside the longitudinal feeler 209 also linearly scan along the outer wall of the pipe fitting;

[0047] The motor 612 drives the auxiliary rotating gear 611 to rotate, and is engaged with the gear outside the adjacent limiting cylinder 65, thereby realizing the rotation of the two groups of limiting cylinders 65, and the pipe fitting sleeved outside the limiting cylinder 65 also rotates to cooperate with the detection component to realize the multidirectional detection of the inner and outer rings of the pipe fitting, which is beneficial to the comprehensive analysis of the pipe fitting.

[0048] Working principle: in use, first, the pipe is clamped and the chips are shaken off by the pretreatment mechanism 3, the double-shaft motor 32 drives two groups of reverse threaded spiral guide rods two 33, moves the front and rear clamping plates 36 relative to each other through the spiral sleeve 34, cooperates with the fixed clamping plate to realize self-adaptive clamping of pipe fittings of different diameters, and moves the side plate 37 and the clamping plate 36 as a whole up and down through the cylinder one 38, so that the bottom of the pipe is impacted with the L-shaped bottom frame 1, the mechanical impact is used to accelerate the falling of external waste, and the positioning and installation of the pipe are considered at the same time.

[0049] Subsequently, the pipe is lifted into the concave top frame 2 by the multi-head clamping mechanism 6, the cylinder two 63 drives the lifting rod 67 to press down the cone cylinder 66, a plurality of abutting plates 68 are expanded outward by the inclined surface of the cone cylinder, the flexible clamping of the inner wall of the pipe is realized, the motor three 612 drives the auxiliary gear 611, which is engaged with the teeth on the outer wall of the limiting cylinder 65, drives the two limiting cylinders 65 and the pipe to rotate synchronously, cooperates with the detection mechanism to realize multi-directional scanning of the pipe, and the inner wall of the pipe is supported by the cone cylinder 66 and the abutting plate 68 in the multi-head clamping mechanism 6, so that the pipe remains stable during the turning and detection.

[0050] Furthermore, the inner and outer walls of the pipe are detected by the detection components in the concave top frame 2, the motor one 203 drives the spiral guide rod one 201 to rotate, the sliding block 204 drives the connecting plate 205 and the horizontal probe rod 206 to translate, the laser probe realizes linear insertion scanning (horizontal scanning) of the inner wall of the pipe, the sliding block 204 synchronously drives the abutting cylinder 207, the buffer spring group ring 208 is compressed to buffer, and the longitudinal probe rod 209 moves linearly along the outer wall of the pipe, and the laser probe synchronously scans the outer wall (longitudinal scanning), forming a double-probe layout for synchronous detection of the inner and outer walls

[0051] Finally, the appearance of the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe is analyzed according to the detection data, and the whole detection process is completed.

[0052] The preferred embodiments disclosed above are only used to help explain the application. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details and limit the application to the specific embodiments. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of the specification. The embodiments are selected and described in detail in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the application, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the application. The application is limited by the claims and their entire scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A biaxial rotary surface measuring instrument for measuring the morphology of the inner and outer surfaces of tubular parts, comprising an L-shaped base frame (1) and a concave top frame (2), wherein the concave top frame (2) is fixedly installed at the top of the L-shaped base frame (1), characterized in that: The L-shaped bottom frame (1) is provided with a pre-processing mechanism (3), and the opening end of the concave top frame (2) is rotatably provided with a positioning frame (4) with a concave structure. The concave top frame (2) has long grooves in the front and rear frames respectively. The long groove of the rear frame is provided with a spiral guide rod (201) that rotates laterally, and the long groove of the front frame is provided with a sliding rod (202) that rotates laterally. A motor (203) is provided between one end of the spiral guide rod (201) and the inner wall of the end of the long groove. The front end shaft of the positioning frame (4) extends to the outside of the concave top frame (2) and is equipped with a second motor (5). The positioning frame (4) is equipped with a multi-head clamping mechanism (6). The spiral guide rod (201) and the slide rod (202) are respectively fitted with sliders (204), and the spiral guide rod (201) and the sliders (204) are connected at the spiral. The bottom of the two sets of sliders (204) extends to the outside of the long groove and are fixedly installed with a connecting plate (205). The top surface of the connecting plate (205) is provided with two sets of transverse probes (206). The transverse probes (206) are provided with laser probes at the ends away from the connecting plate (205). The spiral guide rod (201) and the slide rod (202) are respectively provided with sliding sleeves (207) on the outside of the spiral guide rod (201) and the slide rod (202) and located adjacent to the slider (204). Buffer spring rings (208) are respectively provided on the outside of the spiral guide rod (201) and the slide rod (202) and located on one side of the sleeves (207). The top of the two sleeves (207) and the end away from the slider (204) are jointly installed with a longitudinal probe (209) through a vertical rod. Two sets of laser probes are provided at the bottom of the longitudinal probe (209). The inner and outer walls of the pipe are inspected in all directions by the detection components inside the concave top frame (2). The motor (203) drives the spiral guide rod (201) to rotate. The slider (204) drives the connecting plate (205) and the transverse probe (206) to move horizontally, so that the laser probe can scan the inner wall of the pipe horizontally. The slider (204) pushes the abutment cylinder (207) in sync. The buffer spring group (208) is compressed and buffered, and the longitudinal probe (209) is pushed to move linearly along the outer wall of the pipe. The laser probe performs longitudinal scanning in sync, forming a dual probe layout for simultaneous detection of the inner and outer walls. The pretreatment mechanism (3) includes a sliding frame (31) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the L-shaped base frame (1) away from the opening end, and a dual-axis motor (32) is provided at the center of the sliding frame (31). The front and rear output shafts of the dual-axis motor (32) are respectively fixedly installed with spiral guide rods (33) with opposite thread structures. The two sets of spiral guide rods (33) are respectively fixedly sleeved with spiral sleeves (34). The top center of the two sets of spiral sleeves (34) is respectively fixedly installed with uprights (35).

2. The biaxial rotary surface measuring instrument for measuring the inner and outer surface morphology of tubular components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the sliding frame (31) is provided with four sets of clamping plates (36) at equal intervals. One end of the four sets of clamping plates (36) is provided with a side plate (37). The bottom of the side plate (37) and the bottom inner wall of the L-shaped bottom frame (1) are provided with a cylinder (38). One end of the two sets of clamping plates (36) located at the front and rear ends is slidably engaged with the sliding grooves provided on the wall of the side plate (37). The two sets of plates are provided with empty slots. The two sets of uprights (35) pass through the corresponding empty slots. The bottom of the two sets of clamping plates (36) located in the center is fixedly connected to the wall of the side plate (37).

3. The biaxial rotary surface measuring instrument for measuring the inner and outer surface morphology of tubular components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-head clamping mechanism (6) includes a movable long plate (61) slidably installed inside the positioning frame (4) and a fixed long plate (62) set at the bottom of the movable long plate (61). The front and rear ends of the fixed long plate (62) are fixedly connected to the front and rear inner walls of the positioning frame (4), respectively. A cylinder two (63) is set at the center of the top surface of the fixed long plate (62), and a push rod set at the top output shaft of the cylinder two (63) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable long plate (61). The front and rear ends of the bottom of the fixed long plate (62) are rotatably connected to a vertical cylinder (64), and a limit cylinder (65) is installed at the bottom of the vertical cylinder (64).

4. The biaxial rotary surface measuring instrument for measuring the inner and outer surface morphology of tubular parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, A tapered cylinder (66) with a narrow bottom and a wide top is movably arranged at the center of the inner part of the limiting cylinder (65), and a lifting rod (67) is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the tapered cylinder (66). One end of the lifting rod (67) passes through the limiting cylinder (65) and extends to the outside of the vertical cylinder (64), and the top end of the lifting rod (67) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable long plate (61). Several sets of abutment plates (68) are movably arranged at equal distances inside the limiting cylinder (65) and on the inclined surface of the tapered cylinder (66), and one end of the abutment plate (68) extends to the outside of the limiting cylinder (65). An insert (69) is fixedly arranged through the middle section of each set of abutment plates (68), and both ends of the insert (69) extend to both sides of the abutment plate (68). Damping spring shock absorber rings (610) are respectively arranged between the two ends of the insert (69) and the inner wall of the limiting cylinder (65).

5. The biaxial rotary surface measuring instrument for measuring the inner and outer surface morphology of tubular parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the outer wall of the limiting cylinder (65) is provided with a toothed set, and the two sets of teeth of the limiting cylinder (65) are meshed together with an auxiliary rotating gear (611), and a motor three (612) is provided between the top of the auxiliary rotating gear (611) and the fixed long plate (62).

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