Separation and resource utilization method of residual vegetable juice

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of waste vegetable resource utilization, and discloses a waste vegetable juice separation and resource utilization method which comprises the following steps: S1, residue-liquid separation: stacking waste vegetables in a centralized manner, and then separating residues and juice of the waste vegetables by using separation equipment; s2, producing an organic fertilizer or a culture medium from the rotten vegetable residues through fermentation and decomposition; s3, the vegetable residue juice is subjected to chemical treatment so that excessive biogas can be avoided, one part of the vegetable residue juice obtained after chemical treatment enters the multi-stage treatment pond to serve as a raw material for producing the liquid water-soluble fertilizer, and the other part of the vegetable residue juice obtained after chemical treatment enters the storage adjusting pond for standby application. And the separated product is subjected to resource utilization, so that the comprehensive utilization rate of the rotten vegetable leaves is remarkably improved, the pollution of the rotten vegetable leaves to natural environments such as soil and water sources is reduced, and a new economic growth point is generated by resource utilization of the rotten vegetable leaves.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tailing utilization of vegetable waste, and particularly relates to a tailing juice separation and resource utilization method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of agricultural production, especially in the vegetable planting and processing industry chain, the production amount of tailings (including vegetable residues, roots, unqualified fruits, etc.) is extremely large, which has become an environmental problem that cannot be ignored. With the rapid development of modern agriculture and the continuous expansion of vegetable planting scale, the production amount of tailings also shows a trend of increasing year by year. If these tailings cannot be disposed of in time and effectively, not only a large amount of biomass resources will be wasted, but also the soil, water and other natural environment will be seriously polluted, affecting the balance and stability of the agricultural ecosystem.

[0003] Traditional tailing disposal methods, such as landfilling and incineration, can reduce the accumulation of tailings to some extent, but these methods have many drawbacks. Landfilling not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also tailings are easy to ferment and produce leachate during the landfilling process, causing secondary pollution to groundwater and soil. Incineration can quickly reduce the volume of tailings, but it will produce a large amount of harmful gas and smoke during the incineration process, which will seriously affect air quality, and the incineration residues also need further treatment, increasing the cost and environmental risk of treatment.

[0004] With the increasing environmental awareness and the deepening of the concept of sustainable agricultural development, how to efficiently and environmentally dispose of tailings and realize the resource utilization of tailings has become an important issue that needs to be solved. Under this background, agricultural technicians began to actively explore the resource utilization approach of tailings, in order to change tailings from "waste" to "precious resources" and provide a new growth point for agricultural production.

[0005] At present, the methods of tailing resource utilization mainly include composting, returning to field and feed utilization. Composting is a method of mixing tailings with livestock and poultry manure and other organic waste to convert into organic fertilizer through microbial fermentation. However, composting has a long processing period, occupies a large area, and is easy to produce odor, which will cause certain impact on the surrounding environment. At the same time, the temperature and humidity conditions need to be strictly controlled during composting to ensure the fermentation effect, which increases the difficulty and cost of composting.

[0006] Returning to field treatment is to directly return tailings to the field as soil conditioner or fertilizer. This method can increase the content of soil organic matter and improve the soil structure, but it is greatly limited by season and soil conditions. In cold seasons or areas with poor soil texture, the effect of returning to field treatment may not be good. In addition, tailings may contain harmful substances such as pests and heavy metals, which may have adverse effects on crop growth and soil environment if directly returned to the field without treatment.

[0007] The feed utilization is to convert the dregs-silage into livestock feed through processing. This method can make full use of the nutrients in the dregs-silage and reduce the cost of feed, but the type and quality of the dregs-silage have a great influence on the effect of feed utilization. Different types of dregs-silage have great differences in nutritional ingredients, and part of the dregs-silage may contain toxic and harmful substances, which is not suitable for use as feed.

[0008] In particular, during the processing of the dregs-silage, the processing of the dregs-silage juice becomes a big problem. The dregs-silage juice has high water content and is easy to rot and deteriorate. If it is directly discharged, it will cause serious pollution to the environment. At the same time, the dregs-silage juice contains rich organic matter such as amino acids, sugars, minerals, etc. If it can be effectively utilized, it will have high economic value. However, due to the complex composition of the dregs-silage juice, it is difficult to process, and the traditional processing method often cannot achieve the ideal processing effect. SUMMARY

[0009] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a dregs-silage juice separation and resource utilization method, which is realized by the following technical scheme.

[0010] A dregs-silage juice separation and resource utilization method, comprising the following steps: S1, residue-liquid separation, the dregs-silage is centrally stacked, and then a separation device is used to separate the residue and the juice of the dregs-silage; S2, the dregs-silage residue is produced into organic fertilizer or cultivation substrate through fermentation and composting; S3, the dregs-silage juice is chemically treated to avoid the generation of excessive biogas, part of the dregs-silage juice after chemical treatment enters a multi-stage treatment pool as raw material for liquid water-soluble fertilizer production, and the other part enters a storage adjustment pool, which can replace tap water and be directly added to the organic fertilizer production raw material according to the water injection period of the organic fertilizer fermentation and composting. In the production peak season, the excess part is treated by purification and used as irrigation water for crops and green belts.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present application, in step S1, the dregs-silage produced in the vegetable circulation link is transported to the centralized stacking field in the organic fertilizer production base to realize large-scale temporary storage.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present application, in step S1, the separation device comprises a primary crushing unit, a pressing unit and a three-stage dehydration unit; the primary crushing unit crushes the dregs-silage into residue by a serrated knife, the secondary pressing unit separates the juice in the residue by a hydraulic double-spiral pressing roller, and the three-stage dehydration unit further separates the juice in the residue by a centrifugal cylinder.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present application, the sawtooth cutter has a rotation speed of ≥ 3000 r / min, and the broken residue of the tailings has a particle size of ≤ 5 mm; the hydraulic double-screw pressing roller has a pressure range of 5-15 MPa, and the residue separated by the secondary pressing unit has a water content of ≤ 70%; and the residue separated by the tertiary dehydration unit has a water content of ≤ 50%.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present application, in the step S2, the dehydrated tailings residue is mixed with livestock and poultry manure at a weight ratio of (1-3):1, a compound microbial agent is added, and aerobic fermentation is performed in a fermentation bin; after maturation, the matured material is processed into granular organic fertilizer by a granulator.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present application, the compound microbial agent is any one or a combination of Bacillus subtilis or yeast, and the effective viable count is ≥ 2×108 CFU / g; in the aerobic fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 45-65℃, and the turning frequency is 8 h / time; and the maturation time is 7-15 days.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present application, in the step S2, the dehydrated tailings residue is mixed with mushroom residue and perlite at a ratio of 5:3:2, sterilized at 121℃ for 30 min after microbial fermentation and maturation, and then adjusted to a pH value of 6.0-7.0 to prepare a vegetable seedling and cultivation substrate.

[0017] As a further aspect of the present application, in the step S3, the chemical treatment of the tailings juice includes the following specific operations: pH adjustment, an alkaline adjusting agent is added to the tailings juice to control the pH value in the range of 8.0-9.5; oxidation treatment, the oxidation treatment is used to decompose the easily fermented organic matter in the tailings juice; addition of an inhibitor, a biogas inhibitor is added to block the biogas generation path.

[0018] As a further aspect of the present application, in the step S3, in the production of the liquid water-soluble fertilizer, suspended solids are removed by flocculation and sedimentation, and then macromolecular impurities are intercepted by membrane separation to obtain a clear filtrate; an amino acid chelating agent and a humic acid extract are added to the clear filtrate, and a liquid water-soluble fertilizer containing ≥ 100 g / L of amino acids and ≥ 30 g / L of humic acid is prepared after pasteurization.

[0019] As a further aspect of the present application, in the step S3, the excess part of the tailings juice is first sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation, and then biologically deodorized to be used as irrigation water for crops and green belts.

[0020] The present application has the following advantages: 1. The present invention significantly improves the comprehensive utilization rate of tail vegetables by effectively separating the tail vegetable juice from the residue and utilizing the separated products as resources. The tail vegetable residue can be made into organic fertilizer or cultivation medium after fermentation treatment, and the tail vegetable juice can be made into liquid water-soluble fertilizer or used for irrigation after chemical treatment. This realizes the transformation of tail vegetables from "waste" to "precious resources", reduces resource waste, and conforms to the development concept of circular economy.

[0021] 2. In the process of treating the tail vegetable juice, the present invention effectively suppresses the production of biogas through chemical methods such as pH adjustment, oxidation treatment and addition of inhibitors, avoiding the secondary pollution problem that may be caused by traditional tail vegetable treatment methods. At the same time, the treated tail vegetable juice and residue are reasonably utilized, reducing the pollution of the tail vegetables to the natural environment such as soil and water sources, which is beneficial to the continuous improvement of the agricultural ecological environment.

[0022] 3. The present invention not only solves the problem of waste vegetable treatment, but also creates a new economic growth point through resource utilization of waste vegetables. The organic fertilizer, cultivation matrix and liquid water-soluble fertilizer prepared from the waste vegetables have high market value, can provide high-quality fertilizer and matrix for agricultural production, and reduce agricultural production costs. At the same time, by reducing environmental pollution during waste vegetable treatment, it can also avoid economic losses caused by environmental pollution problems, and has good economic and social benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the description of the specific implementation methods. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Fig. 1 : A step diagram of a method for separating and resource-utilizing tail vegetable juice; Fig. 2 : A flow chart of separation and resource utilization of tail vegetable juice. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] like Figs. 1-2 As shown, a method for separating and recycling waste vegetable juice comprises the following steps: S1, residue and liquid separation, the tailings are concentrated and stacked, and then a separation device is used to separate the residue and the juice of the tailings.

[0027] In this application, first, the tailings (including vegetable residual leaves, roots, unqualified fruits, etc.) generated at the source of the tailings (including vegetable residual leaves, roots, unqualified fruits, etc.) of the purchase enterprises, agricultural markets, etc. are transported to the centralized stacking field in the organic fertilizer production base to realize large-scale stacking and temporary storage, which is convenient for subsequent centralized processing.

[0028] When the tailings are processed, the tailings are first dehydrated to form solid residue and liquid juice. The separation device includes a first crushing unit, a pressing unit, and a third dehydration unit.

[0029] The first crushing unit crushes the tailings into residue by using a sawtooth knife. The rotating speed of the sawtooth knife is ≥3000r / min, and the particle size of the residue crushed by the tailings is ≤5mm.

[0030] The second pressing unit separates the juice in the residue by using a hydraulic double-spiral pressing roller. The pressure range of the hydraulic double-spiral pressing roller is between 5-15MPa, and the water content of the residue separated by the second pressing unit is ≤70%.

[0031] The third dehydration unit further separates the juice in the residue by using a centrifugal cylinder. The water content of the residue separated by the third dehydration unit is ≤50%.

[0032] S2, the tailings residue is produced into organic fertilizer or cultivation substrate through fermentation and composting.

[0033] When the organic fertilizer is produced, the dehydrated tailings residue and livestock manure are mixed in a weight ratio of (1-3):1. The dry matter content in the dehydrated tailings residue is ≥30%, the livestock manure includes pig manure, sheep manure, and cow manure, etc., a compound microbial agent is added, the compound microbial agent is any one or a combination of Bacillus subtilis or yeast, and the effective viable count is ≥2×108CFU / g. The aerobic fermentation is carried out in a fermentation bin. During the aerobic fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 45-65℃, and the turning frequency is 8h / time. The composting time is 7-15 days. After composting, the composted material is processed into granular organic fertilizer by a granulator. The organic matter content in the organic fertilizer prepared by this method is ≥45%, and the total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is ≥5%.

[0034] When the cultivation substrate is produced, the dehydrated tailings residue, mushroom residue, and perlite are mixed in a ratio of 5:3:2. After microbial fermentation and composting, the mixture is sterilized at 121℃ for 30min, and then the pH value is adjusted to 6.0-7.0 to prepare a vegetable seedling and cultivation substrate. The cultivation substrate has good water retention rate and porosity.

[0035] S3, the tailings juice is chemically treated to avoid excessive biogas production, a part of the tailings juice after chemical treatment enters a multi-stage treatment tank as raw material for production of liquid water-soluble fertilizer, another part enters a storage adjustment tank, can replace tap water and be directly added to raw material for production of organic fertilizer according to the water injection period of organic fertilizer fermentation and maturation, in the production peak season, the excess part is treated by purification and used as irrigation water for crops and green belts.

[0036] The excess part of the tailings juice is first sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation, and then biologically deodorized, and used as irrigation water for crops and green belts.

[0037] The specific operation of chemical treatment of the tailings juice includes: pH adjustment, adding an alkaline adjusting agent to the tailings juice, the alkaline adjusting agent being calcium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, controlling the pH value in the range of 8.0-9.5, inhibiting the activity of methanogenic bacteria and reducing biogas production; oxidation treatment, decomposing the easily fermentable organic matter in the tailings juice by oxidation treatment, adding hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite for oxidation to decompose the easily fermentable organic matter in the juice and reduce the anaerobic gas production potential thereof; adding an inhibitor, adding a biogas inhibitor, the biogas inhibitor being 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid sodium or nitrate, thereby selectively inhibiting the metabolism of methanogenic bacteria and blocking the biogas production path.

[0038] In the production of liquid water-soluble fertilizer, suspended solids are first removed by flocculation and sedimentation (adding polyaluminum chloride PAC 50-100 mg / L), then macromolecular impurities are intercepted by membrane separation (ultrafiltration membrane pore size 0.01-0.1 μm) to obtain a clear filtrate; amino acid chelating agent (chelating degree ≥ 90%) and humic acid extract are added to the clear filtrate, and after pasteurization (75°C, 20 min), a liquid water-soluble fertilizer containing ≥ 100 g / L of amino acids and ≥ 30 g / L of humic acid is prepared.

[0039] In the purification treatment of the tailings juice, the tailings juice in the purification tank is first sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation (irradiation intensity ≥ 40 mJ / cm²), and then biologically deodorized (adding EM bacterial agent), and then directly used for farmland irrigation or urban green belt watering through a drip irrigation system.

[0040] One specific embodiment of the present application is: 1. Centralized stacking of tailings The tailings (including vegetable residual leaves, roots, unqualified fruits, etc.) generated at the tailings sources such as purchasing enterprises and agricultural product markets are transported to a centralized stacking site for scale stacking and temporary storage. During the stacking process, attention is paid to classified stacking to avoid mutual pollution of different types of tailings.

[0041] 2. Sludge-liquid separation The separated equipment is configured to separate the vinasse into residue and juice. The vinasse is first crushed into residue by a first crushing unit, and then the juice in the residue is further separated by a second squeezing unit and a third dewatering unit. The separated residue has a water content of less than or equal to 50%, which is convenient for subsequent treatment and utilization.

[0042] 3. Treatment of vinasse residue Organic fertilizer production: the dewatered vinasse residue is mixed with livestock and poultry manure at a weight ratio of 1-3:1, and a compound microbial agent (Bacillus subtilis or yeast) is added for aerobic fermentation. The fermentation temperature is controlled at 45-65°C, the turning frequency is 8h / time, and the composting time is 7-15 days. After composting, the composted material is processed into granular organic fertilizer by a granulator.

[0043] Cultivation substrate production: the dewatered vinasse residue is mixed with mushroom residue and perlite at a ratio of 5:3:2, and then sterilized at 121°C for 30 minutes after microbial fermentation and composting. The pH value is adjusted to 6.0-7.0 to produce a vegetable seedling and cultivation substrate.

[0044] 4. Treatment of vinasse juice Chemical treatment: the vinasse juice is treated by pH adjustment (using calcium hydroxide or sodium carbonate to control the pH value in the range of 8.0-9.5), oxidation (using hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite for oxidation), and addition of inhibitors (2-bromoethane sulfonic acid sodium or nitrate) to avoid the production of excessive biogas.

[0045] Liquid water-soluble fertilizer production: part of the chemically treated vinasse juice is fed into a multi-stage treatment tank to obtain a clear filtrate by flocculation and sedimentation and membrane separation. Amino acid chelating agent and humic acid extract are added to produce a liquid water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acid ≥100g / L and humic acid ≥30g / L.

[0046] Purification treatment: the other part of the vinasse juice is fed into a purification tank, sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation, and biologically deodorized, and then directly used for farmland irrigation or urban green belt watering through a drip irrigation system.

[0047] The preferred embodiments of the present application disclosed above are only used to help explain the present application. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details and limit the present application to the specific embodiments. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of the present application. The present application selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present application.

Claims

1. A method for separating and recycling vegetable juice, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, residue and liquid separation, the waste vegetables are piled together, and then the waste vegetables are separated from the juice using separation equipment; S2, the vegetable residue is fermented and decomposed to produce organic fertilizer or cultivation medium; S3, the tail vegetable juice is chemically treated to avoid excessive biogas production. Part of the chemically treated tail vegetable juice enters the multi-stage treatment tank as the raw material for the production of liquid water-soluble fertilizer, and the other part enters the storage and regulating tank, which can replace tap water and be directly added to the organic fertilizer production raw material according to the water injection cycle of organic fertilizer fermentation and decomposition. During the peak production season, the excess part is purified and used as water for irrigation of crops and green belts.

2. A method for separating and recycling vegetable juice according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, a centralized storage yard is built at the organic fertilizer production base, and the leftover vegetables generated in the vegetable circulation link are transported to the centralized storage yard to achieve large-scale temporary storage.

3. A method for separating and recycling vegetable juice according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the separation equipment includes a primary crushing unit, a pressing unit and a tertiary dehydration unit; the primary crushing unit crushes the tail vegetables into residues through a serrated knife, the secondary pressing unit separates the juice from the residue through a hydraulic double-screw pressing roller, and the tertiary dehydration unit further separates the juice from the residue through a centrifugal drum.

4. A method for separating and recycling vegetable juice according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the serrated knife is ≥3000r / min, and the particle size of the residue crushed by the tail vegetables is ≤5mm; the pressure range of the hydraulic double-screw pressing roller is between 5-15MPa, the moisture content of the residue separated by the secondary pressing unit is ≤70%; the moisture content of the residue separated by the tertiary dehydration unit is ≤50%.

5. The method for separating and recycling the tail vegetable juice according to claim 1, wherein: In step S2, when producing organic fertilizer, the dehydrated vegetable residue and livestock and poultry manure are mixed in a weight ratio of (1-3):1, a composite microbial agent is added, and aerobic fermentation is carried out in a fermentation bin. After composting, the compost is processed into granular organic fertilizer by a granulator.

6. The method for separating and recycling the tail vegetable juice according to claim 5, characterized in that: The composite microbial agent is any one or a combination of Bacillus subtilis or yeast, and the effective viable cell count is ≥ 2×10 8 CFU / g; during aerobic fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 45-65℃, the turning frequency is 8h / time; the composting time is 7-15 days.

7. The method for separating and recycling the tail vegetable juice according to claim 1, wherein: In step S2, when producing the cultivation matrix, the dehydrated vegetable residue is mixed with mushroom residue and perlite in a ratio of 5:3:2, fermented by microorganisms, sterilized at 121° C. for 30 minutes, and then the pH value is adjusted to 6.0-7.0 to prepare the vegetable seedling and cultivation matrix.

8. The method for separating and recycling the tail vegetable juice according to claim 1, wherein: In step S3, the specific operations of chemical treatment of the tail vegetable juice include: pH adjustment: add alkaline regulator to the tail vegetable juice to control the pH value in the range of 8.0-9.5; Oxidation treatment, which decomposes the fermentable organic matter in the tail vegetable juice through oxidation treatment; Add inhibitors and biogas inhibitors to block the biogas generation path.

9. The method for separating and recycling the tail vegetable juice according to claim 1, wherein: In step S3, during the production of the liquid water-soluble fertilizer, suspended matter is first removed by flocculation and precipitation, and then macromolecular impurities are retained by membrane separation to obtain a clarified filtrate; an amino acid chelating agent and a humic acid extract are added to the clarified filtrate, and after pasteurization, a liquid water-soluble fertilizer containing ≥100 g / L of amino acids and ≥30 g / L of humic acid is produced.

10. The method for separating and recycling the tail vegetable juice according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the excess vegetable juice is first sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation, and then subjected to biological deodorization before being used as water for irrigation of crops and green belts.

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