Adaptive load shedding wind turbine blade assembly and wind turbine generator system

Abstract

This invention discloses an adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly and a wind turbine generator set, relating to the field of wind power generation technology. The assembly includes a blade body, a helical blade, and a cover. The blade body has a first load-reducing air duct and a second load-reducing air duct connected to its trailing edge. The second load-reducing air duct surrounds the first load-reducing air duct and forms a flow chamber. An air inlet is located at the leading edge of the blade body. The helical blade extends within the flow chamber to form a spiral flow channel. The cover is hinged to the leading edge and seals the air inlet. When the cover rotates inward by a first preset angle under external airflow impact, the air inlet connects to the first load-reducing air duct. When the cover rotates inward by a second preset angle under external airflow impact, the air inlet connects to both the first load-reducing air duct and the flow channel. This design, through the adaptive swinging of the cover at two preset angles, can achieve both mild and severe flow leakage based on different wind conditions, balancing the structural safety of the wind turbine blade under extreme wind conditions and the power generation efficiency under conventional high wind speeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power generation technology, and in particular to an adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly and a wind turbine generator set. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of wind power generation, wind turbine blades, as the core component of wind turbines, have a crucial impact on power generation efficiency and equipment lifespan. In regions with strong winds and harsh environments, such as the Gobi Desert, the application of large-scale wind turbine units is increasing. Although these areas have abundant wind energy resources, extreme wind conditions with extremely high wind speeds frequently occur, posing a severe challenge to the normal operation of wind turbine blades. Under extreme wind conditions, the load on wind turbine blades increases significantly, potentially causing them to rotate too quickly; and when the load exceeds the structural strength limit of the blades, it can lead to problems such as torsion, deformation, or even breakage, posing significant safety hazards.

[0003] To address these issues, existing wind power equipment has begun to incorporate diversion channels on the blades, allowing some airflow to pass directly through the blades. This reduces the total airflow diverted to the suction and pressure surfaces of the blades, thus rapidly reducing lift and achieving load reduction. This prevents overload operation and structural damage to the blades under extreme wind conditions. However, existing diversion channels on wind turbine blades generally use a manually controlled, fixed opening structure, which cannot adaptively adjust according to real-time wind speed. When wind speeds are in the moderate to high range and have not yet reached extreme levels, maintaining a large opening in the diversion channels will cause excessive airflow to escape prematurely, excessively weakening the blade's lift and reducing the unit's power generation efficiency, resulting in unnecessary power generation losses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to propose an adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly, which aims to solve the technical problem that the shunting air duct on existing wind turbine blades cannot adaptively adjust according to the real-time wind force, which easily leads to excessive weakening of the lift of the wind turbine blades when extreme wind conditions are not reached, thus causing unnecessary reduction in power generation efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes an adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly, comprising:

[0006] The blade body has a suction surface and a pressure surface arranged opposite each other along the thickness direction, and a leading edge and a trailing edge arranged opposite each other along the width direction; the blade body has a first load-reducing air passage and a second load-reducing air passage extending along the front-rear direction, the second load-reducing air passage is arranged around the first load-reducing air passage, and a flow chamber is formed between the second load-reducing air passage and the first load-reducing air passage; the rear end of the first load-reducing air passage and the rear end of the second load-reducing air passage are connected to the trailing edge; the leading edge is provided with an air inlet;

[0007] The spiral blade extends spirally in the front-to-back direction in the flow chamber to form a spiral flow channel in the flow chamber;

[0008] The cover is hinged to the front edge and seals the air inlet; when the cover rotates inward by a first preset angle under the impact of external airflow, the air inlet is connected to the first unloading air passage; when the cover rotates inward by a second preset angle under the impact of external airflow, the air inlet is connected to the first unloading air passage and the flow passage; the second preset angle is greater than the first preset angle.

[0009] In one embodiment, the adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly further includes a wind speed sensor, a first driving device, and a limiting block; the wind speed sensor is disposed on the surface of the blade body and is electrically connected to the first driving device; the first driving device and the limiting block are disposed in the blade body, the first driving device is connected to the limiting block, and the limiting block is used to prevent the cover from rotating to the second preset angle;

[0010] The wind speed sensor is used to send a first load reduction signal to the first driving device when the current measured wind speed meets the first preset threshold condition; the first driving device is used to drive the limiting block to move when it receives the first load reduction signal, so as to release the limiting block from the cover.

[0011] In one embodiment, the suction surface is provided with a plurality of arrayed turbulence vents, the air outlet direction of the turbulence vents being perpendicular to the suction surface;

[0012] The adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly also includes an air supply device. The air storage chamber of the air supply device is connected to the first load-reducing air passage and the second load-reducing air passage. The air supply device is used to supply air to the turbulence air hole to reduce the gas velocity on the suction surface by the airflow ejected outward through the turbulence air hole, thereby reducing the lift of the blade body.

[0013] In one embodiment, the turbulence vent is connected to the outer peripheral side of the flow channel.

[0014] In one embodiment, the second load-reducing air passage is configured as a load-reducing cylinder, which is rotatably connected to the blade body about the central axis of the spiral blade, and the spiral blade is connected to the inner wall of the load-reducing cylinder.

[0015] The adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly further includes a wind speed sensor and a second drive device. The wind speed sensor is disposed on the surface of the blade body and is electrically connected to the second drive device. The second drive device is connected to the load-reducing cylinder. The wind speed sensor is used to send a second load-reducing signal to the second drive device when the current measured wind speed meets a second preset threshold condition. The second drive device is used to drive the load-reducing cylinder to rotate when it receives the second load-reducing signal, so as to drive the spiral blade to rotate around the central axis.

[0016] In one embodiment, the suction surface is provided with a plurality of arrayed turbulence vents, the outlet direction of the turbulence vents being perpendicular to the suction surface; the turbulence vents are connected to the outer peripheral side of the flow channel.

[0017] In one embodiment, the rotational speed of the unloading cylinder is positively correlated with the current measured wind speed obtained by the wind speed sensor.

[0018] In one embodiment, the spiral blade is provided with a plurality of flow holes, which are connected to the flow channel.

[0019] In one embodiment, the adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly further includes an elastic reset member, one end of which is connected to the blade body and the other end of which is connected to the cover. The elastic reset member is used to drive the cover to rotate in the direction of sealing the air inlet under elastic force.

[0020] In one embodiment, the adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly further includes a flexible isolator disposed between the cover and the front end of the first load-reducing air duct;

[0021] When the cover rotates inward to the first preset angle, the flexible isolation member is used to block the airflow from the air inlet from entering the flow channel.

[0022] The present invention also proposes a wind turbine generator set, the wind turbine generator set including the adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly as described above.

[0023] The adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly provided by this invention has a first load-reducing air duct and a second load-reducing air duct coaxially arranged along the front-to-back direction inside the blade body. The annular space between the two air ducts forms a flow chamber, and a helical blade is arranged in this chamber to form a helical flow channel. An air inlet is opened at the leading edge of the blade body, and a cover is rotatably connected to the air inlet by a hinge structure. When the ambient wind speed is high but still within the normal operating range, the cover rotates inward by a first preset angle under the action of the external airflow, so that the air inlet is only connected to the first load-reducing air duct. At this time, a small amount of airflow is diverted to the first load-reducing air duct and discharged from the trailing edge of the blade body. The lift reduction of the blade body is controlled, and the lift reduction is controlled. While achieving a slight load reduction, the basic power generation of the wind turbine is maintained. When the wind speed continues to rise and approaches extreme wind conditions, the cover rotates further inward by a second preset angle under greater dynamic pressure, connecting the air inlet with both the first load reduction air passage and the flow passage. At this time, a large amount of airflow enters the first load reduction air passage and the flow passage through the air inlet. Guided by the spiral blades, the large amount of airflow spirals forward and generates continuous friction, viscosity, and momentum exchange with the chamber wall, resulting in a significant decrease in the kinetic energy of the airflow. Consequently, the lift borne by the blade body is greatly reduced, thus achieving a rapid and significant load reduction effect, avoiding structural over-limits, and providing effective protection for the blade body under extreme wind conditions. This scheme, through the swinging of the cover within two preset angle ranges, can achieve light and heavy flow leakage based on different wind conditions. It can balance the structural safety of the blade body under extreme wind conditions and the power generation efficiency under normal high wind speeds. Moreover, the cover is passively driven by wind pressure throughout the process, requiring no manual operation, and can respond instantly and quickly to changes in wind conditions, ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the wind turbine. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly provided by the present invention when the cover is in the closed state.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover of the adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly provided by the present invention when it rotates to the first preset angle.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover of the adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly provided by the present invention when it rotates to a second preset angle.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged diagram of point C in the middle.

[0031] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0032] 1. Blade body; 101. Suction surface; 102. Pressure surface; 103. Leading edge; 104. Trailing edge; 1011. Turbulence vent; 1031. Air inlet;

[0033] 2. First unloading air passage;

[0034] 3. Second unloading air passage; 301. Unloading cylinder;

[0035] 4. Spiral blade; 401. Flow channel; 402. Flow hole;

[0036] 5. Cover; 6. Wind speed sensor; 7. First drive device; 8. Limiting block; 9. Air supply device; 10. Second drive device; 11. Flexible isolation component; 12. Valve structure.

[0037] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0040] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0041] In the field of wind power generation, wind turbine blades, as the core component of wind turbines, have a crucial impact on power generation efficiency and equipment lifespan. In regions with strong winds and harsh environments, such as the Gobi Desert, the application of large-scale wind turbine units is increasing. Although these areas have abundant wind energy resources, extreme wind conditions with extremely high wind speeds frequently occur, posing a severe challenge to the normal operation of wind turbine blades. Under extreme wind conditions, the load on wind turbine blades increases significantly, potentially causing them to rotate too quickly; and when the load exceeds the structural strength limit of the blades, it can lead to problems such as torsion, deformation, or even breakage, posing significant safety hazards.

[0042] To address these issues, existing wind power equipment has begun to incorporate diversion channels on the blades, allowing some airflow to pass directly through the blades. This reduces the total airflow diverted to the suction and pressure surfaces of the blades, thus rapidly reducing lift and achieving load reduction. This prevents overload operation and structural damage to the blades under extreme wind conditions. However, existing diversion channels on wind turbine blades generally use a manually controlled, fixed opening structure, which cannot adaptively adjust according to real-time wind speed. When wind speeds are in the moderate to high range and have not yet reached extreme levels, maintaining a large opening in the diversion channels will cause excessive airflow to escape prematurely, excessively weakening the blade's lift and reducing the unit's power generation efficiency, resulting in unnecessary power generation losses.

[0043] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides an adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly. Inside the blade body, a first load-reducing air duct and a second load-reducing air duct surrounding it are arranged along the front-to-back direction, forming a flow chamber between the two air ducts. A spiral blade extends spirally within this chamber, constituting a spiral flow channel. An air inlet is located at the leading edge and is hinged to a rotatable cover. When the wind speed increases, the cover is pushed by wind pressure and first opens to a first preset angle. At this point, external airflow only enters the first load-reducing air duct, achieving a slight load reduction. When the wind speed further increases, the cover continues to rotate to a second preset angle under the push of wind pressure. At this point, external airflow simultaneously enters both the first load-reducing air duct and the spiral flow channel, achieving a significant load reduction. Based on this configuration, graded adaptive adjustment can be achieved, allowing for sufficient load reduction under high wind conditions and maintaining lift under low wind conditions, thus balancing structural safety and power generation efficiency.

[0044] Please see Figures 1 to 6 The adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0045] The blade body 1 has a suction surface 101 and a pressure surface 102 arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction, and a leading edge 103 and a trailing edge 104 arranged opposite to each other along the width direction. The blade body 1 has a first load-reducing air passage 2 and a second load-reducing air passage 3 extending along the front-rear direction. The second load-reducing air passage 3 is arranged around the first load-reducing air passage 2, and a flow chamber is formed between the second load-reducing air passage 3 and the first load-reducing air passage 2. The rear end of the first load-reducing air passage 2 and the rear end of the second load-reducing air passage 3 are connected to the trailing edge 104. The leading edge 103 is provided with an air inlet 1031.

[0046] The spiral blade 4 extends spirally in the front-to-back direction in the flow chamber to form a spiral flow channel 401 in the flow chamber;

[0047] The cover 5 is hinged to the front edge 103 and seals the air inlet 1031; when the cover 5 rotates inward by a first preset angle under the impact of external airflow, the air inlet 1031 is connected to the first unloading air passage 2; when the cover 5 rotates inward by a second preset angle under the impact of external airflow, the air inlet 1031 is connected to the first unloading air passage 2 and the flow passage 401; the second preset angle is greater than the first preset angle.

[0048] In this embodiment, both the suction surface 101 and the pressure surface 102 are curved surfaces. One side of the suction surface 101 and one side of the pressure surface 102 are connected at the leading edge 103, and the other side of the suction surface 101 and the other side of the pressure surface 102 are connected at the trailing edge 104. The blade body 1 is a structural component with uneven thickness; from the leading edge 103 to the trailing edge 104, the thickness of the blade body 1 continuously changes as the suction surface 101 and the pressure surface 102 extend along the curved path.

[0049] When wind blows along the width of the blade body 1, the airflow is split at the leading edge 103. Based on the aerodynamic shape design of the blade body 1, the airflow velocity on the suction surface 101 is faster, while the airflow velocity on the pressure surface 102 is slower. According to Bernoulli's principle, the air pressure at the suction surface 101 is less than the air pressure at the pressure surface 102. This pressure difference can provide lift for the blade body 1. The lift direction is from the high-pressure area (pressure surface 102) to the low-pressure area (suction surface 101), so that the blade body 1 can rotate under the action of this lift, thereby completing the power generation.

[0050] The blade body 1 has two concentric air passages, a first load-reducing air passage 2 and a second load-reducing air passage 3, which are arranged in a front-to-back direction. The first load-reducing air passage 2 can be configured as a circular tube. The second load-reducing air passage 3, which is circular tube, is coaxially sleeved around the first load-reducing air passage 2. The annular space between the first load-reducing air passage 2 and the second load-reducing air passage 3 forms a flow chamber. The rear ends of the first load-reducing air passage 2 and the second load-reducing air passage 3 both extend to the trailing edge 104 of the blade body 1 and are directly connected to the outside atmosphere.

[0051] The flow chamber is provided with a spiral blade 4 extending spirally along the axial direction. The inner periphery of the spiral blade 4 abuts against the outer wall of the first load-reducing air passage 2, and the outer periphery of the spiral blade 4 abuts against the inner wall of the second load-reducing air passage 3. In this way, a continuous spiral flow channel 401 can be formed in the flow chamber.

[0052] An air inlet 1031 is provided on the leading edge 103 of the blade body 1. The air inlet 1031 is opposite to the front end of the first load-reducing air passage 2 and the front end of the flow passage 401. A transition section can be provided between the air inlet 1031 and the front end of the first load-reducing air passage 2 and the front end of the flow passage 401, and this transition section is used to bridge with the cover 5. The cover 5 is rotatably connected to the leading edge 103 by a hinge structure, and the cover 5 can rotate about the axis of the hinge structure toward the interior of the blade body 1. When the cover 5 is not affected by external airflow or the external airflow is small, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the outer surface of the cover 5 is flush with the outer contour of the leading edge 103. At this time, the air inlet 1031 is completely closed, and the external airflow cannot enter the first load reduction air passage 2 and the flow passage 401. The wind turbine blade assembly does not play a load reduction role.

[0053] When the ambient wind speed increases to a certain level, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, under the impact of the external airflow, the cover 5 overcomes a relatively low first torque and rotates inward by a first preset angle, so that the movable end of the cover 5 bridges with or directly overlaps with the front end of the first load-reducing air passage 2. In this way, the cover 5 can form a first guiding channel between the air inlet 1031 and the first load-reducing air passage 2 through the above-mentioned bridging effect. After entering the air inlet 1031, the external airflow can flow into the inner cavity of the first load-reducing air passage 2 along the first guiding channel, and is discharged outward from the trailing edge 104 of the blade body 1 through the first load-reducing air passage 2. In the above case, since the opening of the cover 5 is small and the cross-sectional size of the first load-reducing air passage 2 is small, the total amount of gas diverted to the air inlet 1031 is small, and the weakening force on the lift of the blade body 1 is low. Thus, while achieving a certain degree of load reduction effect, the wind turbine generator can still maintain basic power generation efficiency at this time.

[0054] As the wind speed continues to rise to near extreme wind conditions, the dynamic pressure acting on the cover 5 increases accordingly, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the cover 5 will continue to overcome the higher second torque and rotate further inward to the second preset angle, so that the movable end of the cover 5 is bridged with the transition section at the front end of the second load-reducing air passage 3 or directly connected to the front end of the second load-reducing air passage 3. In this way, the cover 5 can form a second guide channel between the air inlet 1031 and the second load-reducing air passage 3 through the above-mentioned bridging effect. Because the opening of the cover 5 is large at this time, and the cross-sectional size of the second load-reducing air passage 3 is large, a large amount of external airflow will be diverted to the air inlet 1031. After entering the air inlet 1031, the airflow can flow into the inner cavity of the first load-reducing air passage 2 and the flow passage 401 along the second guide channel, and be discharged outward from the trailing edge 104 of the blade body 1. When the airflow flows in the spiral flow passage 401, the airflow forms a rotating flow under the guidance of the spiral blade 4. Since the spiral flow passage 401 significantly increases the flow channel length, the friction, viscosity and momentum exchange between the airflow and the spiral blade 4, the inner wall of the second load-reducing air passage 3 and the outer wall of the first load-reducing air passage 2 are continuously intensified. The kinetic energy of the airflow will be quickly dissipated, thereby achieving a significant load reduction effect quickly. This greatly reduces the lift force borne by the blade body 1, which can effectively protect the blade body 1 under extreme wind conditions and avoid problems such as torsion, deformation and breakage caused by the load exceeding the structural strength limit of the blade body 1.

[0055] When the wind speed drops back to normal, the dynamic pressure on the cover 5 decreases. At this time, the cover 5 will rotate back to the closed state under the action of the reset torque, so that the air inlet 1031 is re-isolated from the first load reduction air passage 2 and the flow passage 401, so that the blade body 1 can restore the normal aerodynamic performance and ensure that the power generation efficiency will not suffer additional losses.

[0056] It is understood that the first preset angle and the second preset angle mentioned above refer to the inward rotation angle of the cover 5 relative to the front edge 103; wherein, the first preset angle can refer to a fixed angle or any angle within an angle range; similarly, the second preset angle can refer to a fixed angle or any angle within an angle range.

[0057] Therefore, in this embodiment, a first load-reducing air passage 2 and a second load-reducing air passage 3 are coaxially arranged inside the blade body 1 along the front-rear direction. The annular space between the two air passages forms a flow chamber, and a spiral blade 4 is arranged in this chamber to form a spiral flow channel 401. An air inlet 1031 is opened at the leading edge 103 of the blade body 1, and the cover 5 is rotatably connected to the air inlet 1031 by a hinge structure. When the ambient wind speed is high but still within the normal operating range, the cover 5 rotates inward by a first preset angle under the action of the external airflow, so that the air inlet 1031 is only connected to the first load-reducing air passage 2. At this time, a small amount of airflow is diverted to the first load-reducing air passage 2 and discharged from the trailing edge 104 of the blade body 1, and the lift reduction of the blade body 1 is controlled. It can maintain the basic power generation of the wind turbine while achieving a slight load reduction; when the wind speed continues to rise and approaches extreme wind conditions, the cover 5 rotates further inward by a second preset angle under greater dynamic pressure, so that the air inlet 1031 is connected to the first load reduction air passage 2 and the flow passage 401 at the same time. At this time, a large amount of airflow enters the first load reduction air passage 2 and the flow passage 401 through the air inlet 1031. Under the guidance of the spiral blade 4, the large amount of airflow spirals forward and generates continuous friction, viscosity and momentum exchange with the cavity wall, which significantly reduces the kinetic energy of the airflow. The lift borne by the blade body 1 will be greatly reduced accordingly. In this way, a significant load reduction effect can be achieved quickly, avoiding structural over-limit, and providing effective protection for the blade body 1 under extreme wind conditions. This solution allows the cover 5 to swing within two preset angle ranges, enabling both light and heavy flow leakage based on different wind conditions. It balances the structural safety of the blade body 1 under extreme wind conditions with the power generation efficiency under normal high wind speeds. Furthermore, the cover 5 is passively driven by wind pressure throughout the process, requiring no manual operation. This allows for immediate and rapid response to changes in wind conditions, ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the wind turbine generator set.

[0058] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly also includes a wind speed sensor 6, a first drive device 7, and a limiting block 8; the wind speed sensor 6 is disposed on the surface of the blade body 1 and is electrically connected to the first drive device 7; the first drive device 7 and the limiting block 8 are disposed inside the blade body 1 and are connected to the limiting block 8, and the limiting block 8 is used to prevent the cover 5 from rotating at a second preset angle.

[0059] The wind speed sensor 6 is used to send a first load reduction signal to the first drive device 7 when the current measured wind speed meets the first preset threshold condition; the first drive device 7 is used to drive the limit block 8 to move when it receives the first load reduction signal, so as to release the limit block 8 from blocking the cover 5.

[0060] Specifically, the wind speed sensor 6 can be located at the leading edge 103. The wind speed sensor 6 can be connected to the first driving device 7 through a main control module such as an MCU (Microcontroller Unit). The main control module has basic functions such as signal input / output, data storage and retrieval, numerical comparison and judgment. The first preset threshold condition can be stored in the main control module. The wind speed sensor 6 is used to send the detected current measured wind speed to the main control module, so that the main control module can compare and judge the received current measured wind speed with the pre-stored first preset threshold condition. The first preset threshold condition can be set to any parameter condition that can characterize the current wind condition as being stable under extreme wind conditions. For example, the first preset threshold condition can be set to whether the current measured wind speed is greater than the rated wind speed threshold for a preset duration. In this way, when the current measured wind speed meets the first preset threshold condition, it indicates that the current measured wind speed is greater than the rated wind speed threshold for a preset duration. At this time, it can be determined that the current wind condition is stable under extreme wind conditions, thereby eliminating interference caused by occasional high wind speeds.

[0061] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the limiting block 8 initially blocks the rotation path of the cover 5, allowing the cover 5 to rotate only by a first preset angle. When the main control module determines that the current measured wind speed meets the first preset threshold condition, as shown... Figure 6 As shown, the main control module sends a first load reduction signal to the first drive device 7, triggering the first drive device 7 to drive the limit block 8 to a position that does not obstruct the cover 5. At this time, the cover 5 can rotate a second preset angle under the impact of strong airflow, so that the air inlet 1031 is connected with the first load reduction air passage 2 and the flow passage 401, thus entering a strong load reduction state; subsequently, when the current measured wind speed does not meet the first preset threshold condition, such as Figure 2 As shown, the main control module will trigger the first drive device 7 to drive the limit block 8 to reset by sending a stop signal, so that the limit block 8 will once again prevent the cover 5 from rotating at the second preset angle. The first drive device 7 can be a motor, a cylinder and a matching transmission mechanism.

[0062] Based on the above settings, the maximum rotation angle of the cover 5 can be automatically adjusted according to the real-time wind speed. When the wind speed does not meet the first preset threshold condition, the limit block 8 restricts the cover 5 from excessive opening, avoiding unnecessary over-opening of the cover 5 due to occasional factors (such as occasional high wind speeds that will not damage the structure), which would cause unnecessary lift reduction and power generation efficiency loss. When it is determined that the current situation has stabilized into extreme wind conditions, the limit block 8 is driven to release the restriction on the cover 5, allowing the cover 5 to fully open to achieve effective load reduction. This can quickly reduce the lift borne by the blade body 1 and prevent structural damage due to overload. This scheme can further reduce unnecessary load reduction operations, thereby further improving the adaptability and operational reliability of the wind turbine in complex wind conditions.

[0063] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The suction surface 101 is provided with a plurality of arrayed turbulence vents 1011, and the air outlet direction of the turbulence vents 1011 is perpendicular to the suction surface 101.

[0064] The adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly also includes an air supply device 9. The air storage chamber of the air supply device 9 is connected to the first load-reducing air passage 2 and the second load-reducing air passage 3. The air supply device 9 is used to supply air to the turbulence air hole 1011 so as to reduce the gas velocity of the suction surface 101 by the airflow ejected outward through the turbulence air hole 1011, thereby reducing the lift of the blade body 1.

[0065] The turbulence vent 1011 can be configured as a microporous structure; the outlet direction of the turbulence vent 1011 is perpendicular to the suction surface 101, meaning that the axis of the turbulence vent 1011 is perpendicular to the tangent plane of the suction surface 101 at the turbulence vent 1011 (or the axis of the turbulence vent 1011 is parallel to the normal of the suction surface 101 at the turbulence vent 1011); thus, the direction of the airflow ejected outward from the turbulence vent 1011 is approximately equal to the flow direction of the external airflow on the surface of the suction surface 101. In a mutually perpendicular state, that is, the airflow ejected outward from the turbulence vent 1011 can obstruct the external airflow flowing on the surface of the suction surface 101, thereby slowing down the airflow velocity on the surface of the suction surface 101 and increasing the air pressure at the suction surface 101. With the air pressure at the pressure surface 102 remaining unchanged, the air pressure difference between the suction surface 101 and the pressure surface 102 will decrease, thereby reducing the lift required to be borne by the blade body 1, thus achieving load reduction of the blade body 1 under extreme wind conditions.

[0066] The air supply device 9 may include an air storage chamber and an air pump, which can pump the gas in the air storage chamber to the outside. The air supply device 9 can be housed inside the blade body 1, and the air supply device 9 can be connected to the turbulence vent 1011 through a corresponding valve structure 12; by controlling the opening and closing of the valve structure 12, the air supply device 9 can supply air to the turbulence vent 1011 according to the actual use requirements.

[0067] Based on the above settings, the active load reduction of the blade body 1 can be achieved by supplying air to the disturbance flow hole. This can be combined with the passive load reduction methods of the first load reduction air passage 2 and the second load reduction air passage 3 to avoid the blade body 1 from being overloaded and causing structural damage under high wind speeds. This is conducive to further improving the structural stability, operational safety and environmental adaptability of the wind turbine blade assembly.

[0068] Furthermore, a portion of the airflow entering the flow passage 401 from the air inlet 1031 can be collected into the air storage chamber of the air supply device 9, thereby replenishing the gas supply device 9 and enabling the air supply device 9 to continuously supply air to the turbulence vent 1011.

[0069] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The turbulence vent 1011 is connected to the outer periphery of the flow channel 401.

[0070] In this embodiment, when the airflow flows in the spiral flow channel 401, the airflow will gather towards the outer periphery of the flow channel 401 under centrifugal force. By connecting the turbulence vent 1011 to the outer periphery of the flow channel 401, the airflow gathered towards the outer periphery of the flow channel 401 under centrifugal force can be ejected outward from the turbulence vent 1011 under a certain kinetic energy to achieve active load reduction.

[0071] Based on the above configuration, a portion of the airflow entering the flow channel 401 can be directly used for gas injection into the turbulence vent 1011 without having to supply gas to the turbulence vent 1011 through the gas supply device 9 after entering the gas storage chamber. In other words, the jetting operation of the turbulence vent 1011 can be completed based on the kinetic energy of the airflow itself without relying entirely on the gas supply device 9. This improves the response speed and load reduction efficiency, and reduces energy consumption.

[0072] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The second unloading air passage 3 is configured as an unloading cylinder 301. The unloading cylinder 301 is rotatably connected to the blade body 1 around the central axis of the spiral blade 4. The spiral blade 4 is connected to the inner wall of the unloading cylinder 301.

[0073] The adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly also includes a wind speed sensor 6 and a second drive device 10. The wind speed sensor 6 is disposed on the surface of the blade body 1 and is electrically connected to the second drive device 10. The second drive device 10 is connected to the load-reducing cylinder 301. The wind speed sensor 6 is used to send a second load-reducing signal to the second drive device 10 when the current measured wind speed meets the second preset threshold condition. The second drive device 10 is used to drive the load-reducing cylinder 301 to rotate when it receives the second load-reducing signal, so as to drive the spiral blade 4 to rotate around the central axis.

[0074] Specifically, the load-reducing cylinder 301 adopts a hollow tubular structure, with its two ends rotatably engaged with the inner wall of the blade body 1 via bearing assemblies to ensure stable rotation around the central axis; the spiral blade 4 extends spirally along the inner wall of the load-reducing cylinder 301, forming an integral rotating structure with the load-reducing cylinder 301; when the load-reducing cylinder 301 rotates, the spiral blade 4 rotates synchronously around its central axis. The second drive device 10 can be a servo motor, whose output shaft is connected to the outer wall or end of the load-reducing cylinder 301 through a corresponding transmission mechanism, which can transmit driving force to the load-reducing cylinder 301 to drive the load-reducing cylinder 301 to rotate.

[0075] The wind speed sensor 6 can be connected to the second drive device 10 through a main control module such as an MCU (Microcontroller Unit). The main control module has basic functions such as signal input and output, data storage and retrieval, numerical comparison and judgment. The second preset threshold condition can be stored in the main control module. The wind speed sensor 6 is used to send the detected current measured wind speed to the main control module so that the main control module can compare and judge the received current measured wind speed with the pre-stored second preset threshold condition. In the second preset threshold condition, the parameter used to characterize the wind condition should be set to be greater than the corresponding parameter in the first preset threshold condition. For example, the second preset threshold condition can be set to whether the time for the current measured wind speed to be greater than the critical wind speed threshold has reached a preset duration, where the critical wind speed threshold is greater than the rated wind speed threshold in the first preset threshold condition. In this way, when the current measured wind speed meets the second preset threshold condition, it indicates that the time for the current measured wind speed to be greater than the critical wind speed threshold has reached the preset duration. At this time, it can be determined that the current extreme wind condition has reached the critical state. The first unloading air duct 2 and the second unloading air duct 3, which are stationary, are no longer able to meet the unloading requirements. At this time, the main control module sends a second unloading signal to the second drive device 10 to trigger the second drive device 10 to drive the unloading cylinder 301 to rotate, thereby driving the spiral blade 4 to rotate synchronously.

[0076] When the helical blade 4 rotates with the unloading cylinder 301, it forms a dynamic interaction with the airflow flowing through the flow channel 401. The rotating helical blade 4 not only increases the contact frequency and friction area with the airflow, but also generates periodic disturbances to the airflow, causing more complex turbulent motion during the helical propulsion process and accelerating the dissipation of kinetic energy. At the same time, the rotation of the unloading cylinder 301 enhances its centrifugal effect on the airflow in the flow channel 401, causing the airflow to be accelerated and pushed to the outside of the helical blade 4 and to collide and rub more intensely with the inner wall of the unloading cylinder 301, further aggravating energy consumption. In addition, the rotating helical blade 4 can change the direction of airflow and velocity distribution in the flow channel 401, enhance the momentum exchange between the airflow and the channel wall, and improve the energy attenuation efficiency during the discharge process.

[0077] Furthermore, with multiple arrayed turbulence vents 1011 on the suction surface 101, the outlet direction of the turbulence vents 1011 being perpendicular to the suction surface 101, and the turbulence vents 1011 being connected to the outer periphery of the flow channel 401 (i.e., connected to the inner cavity of the load reduction cylinder 301), the additional centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the load reduction cylinder 301 can push more airflow in the flow channel 401 outward to the turbulence vents 1011. This can increase the amount and rate of the airflow ejected outward by the turbulence vents 1011, which can significantly reduce the lift of the blade body 1, thereby further improving the load reduction effect.

[0078] Based on the above settings, energy dissipation can be further amplified by rotation on top of the original basic discharge effect, thereby significantly improving the load reduction effect and better coping with extreme wind conditions.

[0079] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The rotational speed of the unloading cylinder 301 is positively correlated with the current measured wind speed measured by the wind speed sensor 6.

[0080] The aforementioned positive correlation can be achieved through the control logic of the second drive device 10. Specifically, the signal strength or frequency output by the main control module to the second drive device 10 is proportional to the current measured wind speed measured by the wind speed sensor 6. The second drive device 10 can adjust its output power according to the received signal strength or frequency, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the unloading cylinder 301.

[0081] Based on the above adaptive adjustment mechanism, the load reduction strategy can be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time wind speed. Under extreme wind conditions, by increasing the rotational speed of the load reduction cylinder 301, the blades can more effectively reduce lift and structural load, thereby adaptively changing the load reduction intensity to match the current wind conditions, thus improving the protection effect on the wind turbine blade assembly.

[0082] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The spiral blade plate 4 is provided with multiple flow holes 402, which are connected to the flow channel 401.

[0083] This embodiment increases the complexity of the airflow path. When the airflow is spirally conveyed forward along the flow channel 401, part of the airflow will pass through the flow hole 402, generating additional friction, viscosity and damping effects. Furthermore, the part of the airflow that passes through the flow hole 402 will cause turbulence to the airflow that is spirally conveyed forward along the flow channel 401. In this way, more of the kinetic energy of the airflow can be converted into heat energy and dissipated, thereby further improving the load reduction effect.

[0084] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 1 to 6 The adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly also includes an elastic reset component (not shown in the figure). One end of the elastic reset component is connected to the blade body 1, and the other end of the elastic reset component is connected to the cover 5. The elastic reset component is used to drive the cover 5 to rotate in the direction of the sealing air inlet 1031 under the elastic force.

[0085] Specifically, the elastic reset component can be configured as a torsion spring, with its spring body coaxially sleeved around the hinge shaft of the cover 5. The first torsion arm is embedded in the rib of the blade body 1 and welded and fixed, while the second torsion arm is engaged in the slot of the cover 5 to form torque transmission. The elastic reset component can continuously apply a restoring torque toward the air inlet 1031 to the cover 5. When the impact of the external airflow weakens, the elastic reset component will drive the cover 5 to rotate until the cover 5 re-closes the air inlet 1031, thus achieving automatic reset of the cover 5 without the need for external energy.

[0086] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly also includes a flexible isolation element 11, which is disposed between the cover 5 and the front end of the first load-reducing air passage 2.

[0087] When the cover 5 rotates inward at a first preset angle, the flexible isolation member 11 is used to block the airflow from the air inlet 1031 from entering the flow passage 401.

[0088] Specifically, the flexible isolation member 11 can be a thin film component made of rubber. The flexible isolation member 11 can be fixed to the front end of the first load-reducing air passage 2 by means of adhesive bonding. When the cover 5 rotates only the first preset angle, the flexible isolation member 11 is deformed by the squeezing action of the cover 5. In this way, the flexible isolation member 11 can completely fit with the cover 5 and the front end of the first load-reducing air passage 2 to block the entrance of the flow passage 401, thereby preventing the airflow from entering the spiral flow passage 401 and avoiding excessive load reduction. When the cover 5 continues to rotate the second preset angle, the cover 5 will pass over the flexible isolation member 11 and engage with the front end of the flow passage 401. At this time, the flexible isolation member 11 no longer forms a blocking effect, and the air inlet 1031 can be connected to the first load-reducing air passage 2 and the flow passage 401 at the same time.

[0089] Based on the aforementioned flexible isolation element 11, the leakage of airflow can be reduced when extreme wind conditions have not yet been reached and only the first unloading airway 2 is needed for unloading operation, thus ensuring the reliable execution of the graded unloading operation.

[0090] This invention also provides a wind turbine generator set; please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1 to 6 The wind turbine generator set includes the adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly in any of the above embodiments.

[0091] In this embodiment, the blade body 1 can convert wind energy into mechanical energy during rotation. The wind turbine generator can use this mechanical energy to drive the rotor to rotate and generate electrical energy, which can ultimately be output to the outside in the form of alternating current to achieve power generation.

[0092] For the specific structure of the adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly, please refer to the description of the above embodiments. Since the wind turbine generator set in this embodiment adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments. That is, a first load-reducing air duct 2 and a second load-reducing air duct 3 are coaxially arranged in the front-rear direction inside the blade body 1. The annular space between the two air ducts forms a flow chamber, and a spiral blade 4 is arranged in this chamber to form a spiral flow channel 401. An air inlet 1031 is opened on the leading edge 103 of the blade body 1, and the cover 5 is rotatably connected to the air inlet 1031 through a hinge structure. When the ambient wind speed is high but still within the normal operating range, the cover 5 rotates inward by a first preset angle under the action of the external airflow, so that the air inlet 1031 is only connected to the first load-reducing air duct 2. At this time, a small amount of airflow is diverted to the first load-reducing air duct 2 and then diverted by the blade body. The trailing edge 104 of the blade body 1 is discharged, and the lift reduction of the blade body 1 is controlled, which can maintain the basic power generation of the wind turbine while achieving a small load reduction. When the wind speed continues to rise and approaches extreme wind conditions, the cover 5 rotates further inward by a second preset angle under greater dynamic pressure, so that the air inlet 1031 is connected to the first load reduction air passage 2 and the flow passage 401 at the same time. At this time, a large amount of airflow enters the first load reduction air passage 2 and the flow passage 401 through the air inlet 1031. Under the guidance of the spiral blade 4, the large amount of airflow spirals forward and generates continuous friction, viscosity and momentum exchange with the cavity wall, which significantly reduces the kinetic energy of the airflow. The lift borne by the blade body 1 will be greatly reduced accordingly. In this way, a significant load reduction effect can be achieved quickly, avoiding structural over-limit and providing effective protection for the blade body 1 under extreme wind conditions. This solution allows the cover 5 to swing within two preset angle ranges, enabling both light and heavy flow leakage based on different wind conditions. It balances the structural safety of the blade body 1 under extreme wind conditions with the power generation efficiency under normal high wind speeds. Furthermore, the cover 5 is passively driven by wind pressure throughout the process, requiring no manual operation. This allows for immediate and rapid response to changes in wind conditions, ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the wind turbine generator set.

[0093] It should be noted that other contents of the adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly and wind turbine generator disclosed in this invention can be found in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

[0094] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive de-loading wind turbine blade assembly for use in a wind turbine generator system, comprising: The adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly includes: The blade body has a suction surface and a pressure surface arranged opposite each other along the thickness direction, and a leading edge and a trailing edge arranged opposite each other along the width direction; the blade body has a first load-reducing air passage and a second load-reducing air passage extending along the front-rear direction, the second load-reducing air passage is arranged around the first load-reducing air passage, and a flow chamber is formed between the second load-reducing air passage and the first load-reducing air passage; the rear end of the first load-reducing air passage and the rear end of the second load-reducing air passage are connected to the trailing edge; the leading edge is provided with an air inlet; The spiral blade extends spirally in the front-to-back direction in the flow chamber to form a spiral flow channel in the flow chamber; The cover is hinged to the front edge and seals the air inlet; When the ambient wind speed is high but within the normal operating range, the cover rotates inward by a first preset angle under the action of external airflow, so that the air inlet is connected only to the first load-reducing air passage. This allows a small amount of airflow to be diverted to the first load-reducing air passage and discharged from the trailing edge, thereby controlling the reduction in lift of the blade body and maintaining the basic power generation of the wind turbine while achieving a slight load reduction. When the ambient wind speed continues to rise and approaches extreme wind conditions, the cover rotates inward by a second preset angle under dynamic pressure, so that the air inlet is connected to both the first load-reducing air passage and the flow passage. This allows a large amount of airflow to enter the first load-reducing air passage and the flow passage through the air inlet and spiral forward under the guidance of the spiral blades, generating continuous friction, viscosity, and momentum exchange with the wall of the flow chamber. This causes the kinetic energy of the airflow to decrease, reducing the lift borne by the blade body, thereby protecting the blade body under extreme wind conditions. The second preset angle is greater than the first preset angle.

2. The self-adapting de-loading wind blade assembly of claim 1, wherein, The adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly also includes a wind speed sensor, a first drive device, and a limit stop; the wind speed sensor is disposed on the surface of the blade body and is electrically connected to the first drive device; The first driving device and the limiting block are disposed in the blade body. The first driving device is connected to the limiting block, and the limiting block is used to prevent the cover from rotating to the second preset angle. The wind speed sensor is used to send a first load reduction signal to the first drive device when the current measured wind speed meets the first preset threshold condition. The first driving device is used to drive the limiting block to move when the first unloading signal is received, so as to release the limiting block from the cover.

3. The self-adapting de-loading wind blade assembly of claim 1, wherein, The suction surface is provided with a plurality of arrayed turbulence vents, and the air outlet direction of the turbulence vents is perpendicular to the suction surface. The adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly also includes an air supply device. The air storage chamber of the air supply device is connected to the first load-reducing air passage and the second load-reducing air passage. The air supply device is used to supply air to the turbulence air hole to reduce the gas velocity on the suction surface by the airflow ejected outward through the turbulence air hole, thereby reducing the lift of the blade body.

4. The self-adapting de-loading wind blade assembly of claim 3, wherein, The turbulence vent is connected to the outer periphery of the flow channel.

5. The self-adapting de-loading wind blade assembly of claim 1, wherein, The second load reduction air passage is configured as a load reduction cylinder, which is rotatably connected to the blade body around the central axis of the spiral blade, and the spiral blade is connected to the inner wall of the load reduction cylinder. The adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly further includes a wind speed sensor and a second drive device. The wind speed sensor is disposed on the surface of the blade body and is electrically connected to the second drive device. The second drive device is connected to the load-reducing cylinder. The wind speed sensor is used to send a second load-reducing signal to the second drive device when the current measured wind speed meets a second preset threshold condition. The second drive device is used to drive the load-reducing cylinder to rotate when it receives the second load-reducing signal, so as to drive the spiral blade to rotate around the central axis.

6. The self-adapting de-loading wind blade assembly of claim 5, wherein, The suction surface is provided with a plurality of arrayed turbulence vents, the outlet direction of the turbulence vents being perpendicular to the suction surface; the turbulence vents are connected to the outer periphery of the flow channel.

7. The adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The rotational speed of the unloading cylinder is positively correlated with the current measured wind speed obtained by the wind speed sensor.

8. The self-adapting de-loading wind blade assembly of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The spiral blade is provided with multiple flow holes, and the flow holes are connected to the flow channel; And / or, the adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly further includes an elastic reset member, one end of which is connected to the blade body and the other end of which is connected to the cover. The elastic reset member is used to drive the cover to rotate in the direction of sealing the air inlet under elastic force.

9. The self-adapting de-loading wind blade assembly of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly also includes a flexible isolation component, which is disposed between the cover and the front end of the first load-reducing air passage. When the cover rotates inward to the first preset angle, the flexible isolation member is used to block the airflow from the air inlet from entering the flow channel.

10. A wind power unit, characterized in that The wind turbine generator set includes the adaptive load-reducing wind turbine blade assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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