Shaft flow distribution structure for roller pump and using method

Abstract

The invention discloses a shaft flow distribution structure for a roller pump and a using method, and relates to the technical field of hydraulic power elements, the shaft flow distribution structure comprises an oil distribution shaft, a cylinder body and a plurality of plungers, the oil distribution shaft is internally provided with an oil inlet axial oil way and an oil return axial oil way which are independent from each other, a plurality of oil inlet distribution windows and a plurality of oil return distribution windows are formed in the outer surface of the oil distribution shaft, a plurality of radial plunger cavities are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylinder body, one end of the cylinder body is connected with power equipment, and the plungers are connected with the side walls of the radial plunger cavities in a sliding and sealing mode. When the plunger moves in the direction away from the axis of the cylinder body, oil liquid is sucked into the radial plunger cavity through the oil inlet axial oil way and the oil inlet and distribution window, and when the plunger moves in the direction close to the axis of the cylinder body, the oil liquid in the radial plunger cavity is discharged through the oil return and distribution window and the oil return axial oil way on the oil distribution shaft. The structure is simple, using is convenient, and the performance and reliability of the radial plunger pump are effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic power elements, in particular to a shaft flow distribution structure for a roller pump and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of aerospace, hydraulic systems are crucial, and the core power element, hydraulic pumps, need to meet strict requirements such as high reliability, lightweight, high efficiency, and long service life. Currently, plunger pumps (especially swash plate type axial plunger pumps) have become the mainstream due to their high pressure rating, excellent efficiency, high power density, and flexible flow regulation, and are widely used in key systems such as aircraft flight control surfaces, landing gear retraction, and reverse thrust.

[0003] However, the end face flow distribution method used in existing swash plate type axial plunger pumps has many problems to be solved:

[0004] Oil film thickness control is difficult: the cylinder end face and the flow distribution disc need to maintain a very thin oil film to achieve hydrodynamic lubrication and sealing, but the oil film thickness is affected by many factors such as working pressure, speed, oil viscosity, temperature, and surface topography, requiring high design, processing, and assembly precision. Any deviation can easily lead to excessive leakage or local dry friction.

[0005] Leakage and efficiency limitation: end face flow distribution as a plane gap seal will inevitably have internal leakage under high pressure. Although the gap and surface design can be optimized to reduce leakage, it cannot be completely eliminated, which directly reduces the volumetric efficiency of the pump. Moreover, as the running time increases, the wear of the flow distribution pair increases the gap, and the internal leakage increases significantly, continuously reducing the volumetric efficiency of the pump.

[0006] In addition, the traditional plunger and plunger cavity are usually in surface contact, which results in a large contact area between them. A larger contact area will generate a larger friction force, which requires more energy to overcome during the reciprocating motion of the plunger, resulting in increased energy loss and reduced overall efficiency of the plunger pump. This not only wastes energy, but also affects the endurance and flight performance of aircraft in some high-efficiency energy utilization applications, such as aircraft hydraulic systems in the aerospace field. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a shaft flow distribution structure for a roller pump and a use method thereof to solve the problems of oil film thickness control difficulty and leakage and efficiency limitation of the existing end face flow distribution method, with simple structure, convenient use, and effective improvement of the performance and reliability of the radial plunger pump.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:

[0009] The application provides a shaft flow distribution structure for a roller pump, which comprises an oil distribution shaft, a cylinder body and a plurality of plungers.

[0010] Preferably, the plunger is a cylindrical roller plunger.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the radial plunger cavity close to the cylinder body axis is an arc structure matched with the cylindrical roller.

[0012] Preferably, the cylindrical roller is a hollow structure.

[0013] Preferably, the cylinder body is provided with a plurality of communication windows for communicating the radial plunger cavity and the rotating cavity, and the communication window on the side of the rotating cavity is a chamfer structure.

[0014] Preferably, the oil inlet distribution windows and the oil return distribution windows are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the oil distribution shaft.

[0015] The application further provides a use method of the shaft flow distribution structure for the roller pump, which comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: the power equipment drives the cylinder body to rotate around the oil distribution shaft axis, and the plunger reciprocates along the radial plunger cavity during the rotation of the cylinder body;

[0017] S2: when the plunger rotates to the position corresponding to the oil inlet and oil distribution window, the plunger moves away from the axis of the cylinder, the volume of the radial plunger cavity increases to form negative pressure, and the oil is sucked into the radial plunger cavity through the oil inlet axial oil channel, the oil inlet and oil distribution window and the communication window;

[0018] S3: when the plunger rotates to the position corresponding to the oil return and oil distribution window, the plunger moves towards the axis of the cylinder under the action of external load, the volume of the radial plunger cavity decreases, the oil in the cavity is discharged through the communication window, the oil return and oil distribution window and the oil return axial oil channel, and a cycle of oil suction and discharge is completed;

[0019] S4: the cylinder continues to rotate, each radial plunger cavity is sequentially and periodically communicated with the oil inlet and oil distribution window and the oil return and oil distribution window, so that the oil is continuously sucked and discharged.

[0020] The present application has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0021] The present application provides a shaft flow distribution structure for a roller pump and a use method, which is different from the end face flow distribution mode of the existing swash plate type axial plunger pump. The shaft flow distribution structure formed by the oil distribution shaft and the cylinder does not have the complex situation of maintaining an extremely thin oil film between the end face of the cylinder and the flow distribution disc. The influence of various factors such as working pressure, rotating speed, oil viscosity, temperature and surface topography on the oil film thickness is avoided, thereby reducing the extremely high requirements for design, processing and assembly precision in this respect, effectively avoiding excessive leakage or local dry friction phenomenon, and improving the reliability of the pump.

[0022] In addition, the shaft flow distribution structure of the present application changes the planar gap sealing mode of the end face flow distribution which is prone to internal leakage. By reasonably designing the structure and connection relationship of the oil distribution shaft, the cylinder and the plunger, the internal leakage amount is effectively reduced under high pressure. Compared with the end face flow distribution, the internal leakage amount significantly increases due to the increase of the gap caused by the wear of the flow distribution pair as the running time increases. The present structure can better maintain the sealing property and reduce the increase of the internal leakage amount, thereby improving and maintaining the volumetric efficiency of the pump, and meeting the high efficiency requirements of the hydraulic pump in the field of aviation and aerospace.

[0023] In addition, the linear contact between the plunger and the plunger cavity can effectively reduce the contact area between the plunger and the plunger cavity, thereby reducing the friction and energy loss. The linear contact mode makes the sliding of the plunger in the radial plunger cavity more smooth, improves the response speed of the plunger, and further improves the working efficiency of the entire radial plunger pump. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art clearer, the accompanying drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only need to be some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort.

[0025] Fig. 1 A structural schematic diagram of the shaft flow distribution structure for the roller pump provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0026] Fig. 2 A side view sectional view of the shaft flow distribution structure for the roller pump provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0027] Fig. 3 A structural schematic diagram of the oil distribution shaft in the shaft flow distribution structure for the roller pump provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0028] Fig. 4 A front view sectional view of the oil distribution shaft in the shaft flow distribution structure for the roller pump provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0029] In the figure: 1, oil distribution shaft; 11, oil inlet axial oil passage; 12, oil return axial oil passage; 13, oil inlet and oil distribution window; 14, oil return and oil distribution window; 2, cylinder body; 21, radial piston cavity; 22, communication window; 23, chamfer structure; 3, piston. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] The present application aims to provide a shaft flow distribution structure for a roller pump to solve the problems of difficult oil film thickness control and leakage and efficiency limitation in the prior art end face flow distribution mode, and the structure is simple, convenient to use, and can effectively improve the performance and reliability of the radial piston pump.

[0032] In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art clearer, the accompanying drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only need to be some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort.

[0033] Embodiment one

[0034] The present application provides a shaft flow distribution structure for a roller pump, as shown in Figs. 1-4As shown, it comprises an oil distribution shaft 1, a cylinder body 2 and a plurality of plungers 3, the oil distribution shaft 1 is provided with independent oil inlet axial oil channel 11 and oil return axial oil channel 12, the outer surface of the oil distribution shaft 1 is provided with a plurality of oil inlet distribution windows 13 and a plurality of oil return distribution windows 14, the oil inlet distribution window 13 is communicated with the oil inlet axial oil channel 11, and the oil return distribution window 14 is communicated with the oil return axial oil channel 12; the cylinder body 2 is provided with a plurality of radial plunger cavities 21, and the middle part of the cylinder body 2 is provided with an axial rotating cavity, the oil distribution shaft 1 is arranged in the rotating cavity in a clearance fit, one end of the radial plunger cavity 21 close to the axis of the cylinder body 2 is communicated with the rotating cavity, one end of the cylinder body 2 is connected with a power equipment and can rotate under the driving of the power equipment, in the process of rotating of the cylinder body 2, the radial plunger cavity 21 is periodically communicated with the oil inlet distribution window 13 or the oil return distribution window 14; the plunger 3 is arranged corresponding to the radial plunger cavity 21, the plunger 3 is linearly contacted and slidingly sealed with the side wall of the radial plunger cavity 21, and can reciprocate in the radial direction of the cylinder body 2 in the radial plunger cavity 21 in the process of rotating of the cylinder body 2, and when the plunger 3 moves away from the axis of the cylinder body 2, the oil is sucked into the radial plunger cavity 21 through the oil inlet axial oil channel 11 and the oil inlet distribution window 13, and when the plunger 3 moves close to the axis of the cylinder body 2, the oil in the radial plunger cavity 21 is discharged through the oil return distribution window 14 on the oil distribution shaft 1 and the oil return axial oil channel 12, which is different from the end face flow distribution of the traditional swash plate type axial plunger 3 pump, and there is no complex problem of maintaining a thin oil film between the end face of the cylinder body 2 and the flow distribution disc, which reduces the high requirement for design, machining and assembly precision, avoids excessive leakage or local dry friction, and improves the reliability; the radial plunger cavity 21 is optimized to switch the oil suction and discharge working condition, eliminate the "stuck oil phenomenon" and pressure fluctuation, reduce the dependence on unloading groove, reduce noise, and make the operation more stable and quiet; change the easy-to-leak flat gap sealing mode, reasonably design the structure connection relationship, reduce high-pressure internal leakage, stabilize the volumetric efficiency, meet the demand of aerospace for high efficiency; optimize the overall structure and reasonably select the material shaping, which has the potential to reduce the weight of the pump and adapt to light weight; the optimization in many aspects reduces the wear, impact and leakage of the parts, ensures the long-term good operation of the pump, improves the durability and reliability, meets the long service life requirement, in addition, the two sides of the plunger are linearly contacted with the two side walls of the radial plunger cavity, which effectively reduces the contact area between the plunger and the plunger cavity, thereby reducing the friction and energy loss. The linear contact mode makes the plunger 3 slide more smoothly in the radial plunger cavity 21, improves the response speed of the plunger 3, and further improves the working efficiency of the entire radial plunger pump.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the plunger 3 is a cylindrical roller plunger, which adopts linear contact with the plunger cavity and can roll in the plunger cavity, thereby reducing wear and improving the friction characteristics of the plunger pair, in addition, the cylindrical roller plunger has certain advantages in production and processing, which has regular shape, mature manufacturing process, is conducive to reducing production cost, and improves the efficiency and quality of large-scale production.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the radial plunger cavity 21 is arc-shaped at the end close to the axis of the cylinder body 2, which is designed to further optimize the movement trajectory of the plunger 3 in the radial plunger cavity 21, so that the plunger 3 can better fit the cavity wall at the end close to the axis of the cylinder body 2, improving the sealing performance of this part and reducing the possibility of oil leakage. The arc-shaped structure can more evenly distribute the pressure on the plunger 3, avoiding excessive local pressure that may damage the plunger 3 and the radial plunger cavity 21, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the entire structure and further improving the volumetric efficiency of the pump.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the cylindrical roller is hollow, which significantly reduces the weight of the plunger 3 and its inertia during movement. This allows the plunger 3 to respond more quickly during the rotation of the cylinder body 2, making the acceleration and deceleration process more agile and improving the oil suction and discharge efficiency of the pump. At the same time, due to the reduction in mass, the impact force generated by the plunger 3 on the radial plunger cavity 21 during movement is reduced, which helps to prolong the service life of the radial plunger cavity 21 and the plunger 3 and reduce noise and vibration during pump operation.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the cylinder body 2 is provided with multiple communication windows 22 for connecting the radial plunger cavity 21 and the rotating cavity, and the communication window 22 on the side of the rotating cavity is chamfered 23. The communication window 22 ensures smooth flow of oil between the radial plunger cavity 21 and the rotating cavity. The chamfered structure 23 on the side of the rotating cavity improves the flow path of the oil, reduces the flow resistance of the oil at the communication site, and avoids sharp changes in flow rate and pressure fluctuations when the oil flows, making the oil flow more stable and smooth. This not only helps to improve the efficiency of the pump, but also reduces energy loss caused by oil impact and turbulence, reduces pressure pulsation and noise of the system, and thus improves the performance and stability of the entire radial plunger pump.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the oil inlet and oil return windows 13 and 14 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the oil distribution shaft 1. The uniform distribution of the oil inlet and oil return windows 13 and 14 in the circumferential direction of the oil distribution shaft 1 ensures that the radial plunger cavity 21 can communicate uniformly with the oil inlet and oil return windows during the rotation of the cylinder body 2. This ensures that the flow distribution of each plunger cavity during oil suction and discharge is more uniform, avoiding excessive local flow, and thus ensuring the stability of the output flow of the entire radial plunger pump. At the same time, this uniform distribution helps to balance the pressure on the oil distribution shaft 1 in the radial direction, reducing wear and deformation of the oil distribution shaft 1 caused by uneven pressure, and improving the service life of the oil distribution shaft 1 and the overall operational stability of the pump.

[0040] Embodiment Two

[0041] The embodiment provides a plunger pump, which comprises a pump body, an eccentric shell and a plurality of elastic reset members, the eccentric shell is fixedly connected with the pump body, a cylinder body is rotationally connected with the pump body, and an oil distribution shaft is fixedly connected with the pump body, the eccentric shell is internally provided with an eccentric extrusion cavity, the cylinder body is arranged in the eccentric extrusion cavity, the inner wall of the eccentric extrusion cavity is provided with a plurality of extrusion parts and a plurality of release parts, the extrusion parts and the release parts are alternately arranged, the extrusion parts correspond to the oil return oil distribution window, the release parts correspond to the oil inlet oil distribution window, the elastic reset members are arranged in the working cavity, one end of the elastic reset members is fixedly connected with the cylinder body, the other end is abutted with the plunger, in the rotating process of the cylinder body, when the plunger rotates with the cylinder body to a position corresponding to the extrusion part, the extrusion part extrudes the plunger to move to the axial line direction of the cylinder body, so that the volume of the working cavity is reduced and oil is discharged through the oil return oil distribution window; when the plunger rotates with the cylinder body to a position corresponding to the release part, the elastic reset member pushes the plunger to move away from the axial line direction of the cylinder body, so that the volume of the working cavity is increased and oil is sucked through the oil inlet oil distribution window.

[0042] Embodiment Three

[0043] The embodiment also provides a use method of the shaft flow distribution structure for the roller pump.

[0044] S1: the oil distribution shaft 1 is fixedly installed at a predetermined position, the oil inlet axial oil path 11 and the oil return axial oil path 12 in the oil distribution shaft 1 are respectively connected with an external oil supply system and an oil return system, the sealing performance of each connection is checked, and oil leakage is prevented.

[0045] S2: a plurality of plunger 3 in the form of cylindrical rollers are one by one and correspondingly installed into the circumferentially uniformly distributed radial plunger cavities 21 of the cylinder body 2, the sliding sealing connection between the plunger 3 and the side wall of the radial plunger cavity 21 is ensured to be good, and the two sides of the cylindrical roller can realize linear contact with the two side walls of the radial plunger cavity 21, so that the plunger 3 can smoothly reciprocate along the radial direction of the cylinder body 2 in the radial plunger cavity 21.

[0046] S3: the cylinder body 2 with the assembled plunger 3 is sleeved on the oil distribution shaft 1 through the rotation cavity gap in the middle of the cylinder body 2, one end of the cylinder body 2 is connected with a power equipment, the power equipment can stably drive the cylinder body 2 to rotate around the axial line of the oil distribution shaft 1, and the radial plunger cavity 21 can periodically communicate with the oil inlet oil distribution window 13 or the oil return oil distribution window 14 formed on the outer surface of the oil distribution shaft 1 in the rotating process of the cylinder body 2.

[0047] S4: start the power equipment, drive the cylinder body 2 to start rotating around the axis of the oil distribution shaft 1, in the process of rotating the cylinder body 2, due to the relative movement between the cylinder body 2 and the oil distribution shaft 1 and the effect of external load, the plunger 3 reciprocates in the radial direction of the cylinder body 2 in the radial plunger cavity 21; when the plunger 3 rotates with the cylinder body 2 to the corresponding position of the oil inlet oil distribution window 13, the plunger 3 moves away from the axis of the cylinder body 2 under the action of relevant force, at this time, the volume of the radial plunger cavity 21 increases, a negative pressure is formed inside, and the oil is sucked into the radial plunger cavity 21 through the oil inlet axial oil way 11, the oil inlet oil distribution window 13 and the communication window 22 on the cylinder body 2; when the plunger 3 rotates to the corresponding position of the oil return oil distribution window 14, the plunger 3 moves towards the axis of the cylinder body 2 under the action of external load, the volume of the radial plunger cavity 21 decreases, and the oil in the cavity is discharged through the communication window 22, the oil return oil distribution window 14 and the oil return axial oil way 12, completing a cycle of oil suction and discharge; with the continuous rotation of the cylinder body 2, each radial plunger cavity 21 is sequentially and periodically communicated with the oil inlet oil distribution window 13 and the oil return oil distribution window 14, so that the continuous suction and discharge of the oil is realized, and the radial plunger pump can work stably and efficiently. During the whole use process, the running state of the pump should be paid attention to, the wear condition of each component, the fastening of the connection, the temperature and cleanliness of the oil and the like are checked regularly, so that the pump can be stably operated for a long time, and the performance advantages thereof can be fully played.

[0048] The principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by using specific examples in the present application, and the above embodiment is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation manners and application ranges will be changed. In conclusion, the content of the present application should not be understood as the limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. An axial flow distribution structure for a roller pump, characterized by: include: An oil distribution shaft (1), wherein an independent oil inlet axial oil passage (11) and an oil return axial oil passage (12) are provided in the oil distribution shaft (1), and a plurality of oil inlet distribution windows (13) and a plurality of oil return distribution windows (14) are provided on the outer surface of the oil distribution shaft (1), wherein the oil inlet distribution windows (13) are in communication with the oil inlet axial oil passage (11), and the oil return distribution windows (14) are in communication with the oil return axial oil passage (12); A cylinder body (2), wherein a plurality of radial piston cavities (21) are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the cylinder body (2), an axial rotating cavity is provided in the middle of the cylinder body (2), the oil distribution shaft (1) is provided in the rotating cavity with clearance fit, one end of the radial piston cavity (21) close to the axis of the cylinder body (2) is connected to the rotating cavity and a sliding inlet and outlet on the side away from the central axis thereof, one end of the cylinder body (2) is connected to a power device and can rotate under the drive of the power device, and during the rotation of the cylinder body (2), the radial piston cavity (21) is periodically connected to the oil inlet distribution window (13) or the oil return distribution window (14); as well as A plurality of plungers (3) are provided corresponding to the radial plunger cavity (21), the plungers (3) are in linear contact with the side wall of the radial plunger cavity (21) and are slidingly sealed and connected, and can reciprocate in the radial direction of the cylinder body (2) in the radial plunger cavity (21) during the rotation of the cylinder body (2), and can partially slide out of the sliding inlet and outlet when the plunger (3) moves in a direction away from the axis of the cylinder body (2), and the oil is sucked into the radial plunger cavity (21) through the oil inlet axial oil passage (11) and the oil inlet distribution window (13), and when the plunger (3) moves in a direction close to the axis of the cylinder body (2), the oil in the radial plunger cavity (21) is discharged through the oil return distribution window (14) on the oil distribution shaft (1) and the oil return axial oil passage (12).

2. The axial flow distribution structure for a roller pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plunger (3) is a cylindrical roller plunger.

3. The axial flow distribution structure for a roller pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the radial piston cavity (21) close to the axis of the cylinder body (2) is an arc-shaped structure matching the cylindrical roller.

4. The axial flow distribution structure for a roller pump according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cylindrical roller is a hollow structure.

5. The axial flow distribution structure for a roller pump according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cylinder body (2) is provided with a plurality of communication windows (22), the communication windows (22) being used to connect the radial piston cavity (21) and the rotary cavity, and the communication windows (22) are located on one side of the rotary cavity and are chamfered structures (23).

6. The axial flow distribution structure for a roller pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil inlet distribution windows (13) and the oil return distribution windows (14) are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the oil distribution shaft (1).

7. A method for using the axial flow distribution structure for a roller pump according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The power equipment drives the cylinder body (2) to rotate around the axis of the oil distribution shaft (1). During the rotation of the cylinder body (2), the plunger (3) reciprocates along the radial plunger cavity (21); S2: When the plunger (3) rotates with the cylinder body (2) to a position corresponding to the oil inlet distribution window (13), the plunger (3) moves away from the axis of the cylinder body (2), the volume of the radial plunger cavity (21) increases, forming a negative pressure, and the oil is sucked into the radial plunger cavity (21) through the oil inlet axial oil passage (11), the oil inlet distribution window (13) and the connecting window (22); S3: When the plunger (3) rotates to a position corresponding to the oil return distribution window (14), the plunger (3) moves toward the axis of the cylinder (2) under the action of the external load, the volume of the radial plunger cavity (21) decreases, and the oil in the cavity is discharged through the connecting window (22), the oil return distribution window (14) and the oil return axial oil passage (12), completing one oil suction and discharge cycle; S4: The cylinder body (2) rotates continuously, and each radial piston cavity (21) is periodically connected with the oil inlet distribution window (13) and the oil return distribution window (14) in turn, thereby realizing continuous suction and discharge of oil.

Images