A method, device and system for testing ice protection retention time

Abstract

The application provides a kind of anti-icing holding time test method, device and system, belong to civil aviation field, including meteorological element integration and acquisition module, calculation module and storage display module, and above-mentioned precipitation weighing device;The meteorological element integration and acquisition module includes meteorological instrument, data collector and data collector processing unit group, the data collector is used to collect meteorological instrument data, the data collector processing unit is used to convert and calculate meteorological instrument data, meteorological instrument data is changed into meteorological information, and meteorological information enters calculation module in the form of communication;The application can accurately calculate the holding time of theoretical anti-icing liquid according to various meteorological information, and correct the theoretical anti-icing holding time through wind speed, wind direction, altitude pressure and other signals, and correct the remaining holding time according to future dynamic meteorological information within the corrected holding time, so that the anti-icing holding time is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of civil aviation technology, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, and system for testing anti-icing retention time. Background Technology

[0002] In the civil aviation sector, ice, snow, and frost in winter conditions directly impact aircraft operational safety. They roughen the aircraft's exterior surface, increase weight, restrict the range of motion of control surfaces, cause instrument errors, and in severe cases, even lead to stalls. Therefore, to ensure normal air transport and flight safety, ice and snow must be removed from aircraft surfaces in low-temperature conditions.

[0003] Currently, airports determine the retention time of liquid anti-icing fluid by relying on meteorological information released by the local meteorological bureau. Specifically, this involves determining the minimum operating time of the anti-icing fluid under those meteorological conditions based on the lowest temperature, precipitation type, and rainfall amount reported by the local meteorological bureau, combined with standard specifications. Therefore, this method lacks real-time meteorological information for accurate judgment and relies on manual verification using standard tables, resulting in lengthy confirmation times and poor accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems mentioned above, this invention provides a method, apparatus, and system for testing anti-icing retention time.

[0005] This invention provides a method for testing anti-icing retention time, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Real-time collection of meteorological data and precipitation weight, and calculation of precipitation subsidence rate based on the change in precipitation weight per unit time; the meteorological data includes temperature and humidity information, air pressure information, wind speed information, wind direction information and weather phenomenon information, the weather phenomenon information includes visibility and precipitation type;

[0007] S2. Based on the temperature, humidity, and precipitation type, select parameters (I, A, B), and apply the formula t = 10. I *R A *(2-T) B Calculate the theoretical anti-icing retention time, where I, A, and B are the basic performance parameters of the anti-icing fluid, t is the theoretical anti-icing retention time, T is the ambient temperature, and R is the precipitation deposition rate;

[0008] Precipitation sedimentation rate represents the weight of snow or precipitation that accumulates in an area of ​​1 square decimeter per hour.

[0009] Snowfall intensity is expressed as the change in precipitation weight per unit time (one minute).

[0010] Precipitation subsidence rate = Snowfall intensity / 3.14 (effective area is 3.14 square decimeters) * 60 (minutes)

[0011] The unit is g / square decimeter * hour;

[0012] S3. Correct the theoretical anti-icing time t based on air pressure, wind speed, and wind direction information. Specifically, this includes determining whether the theoretical anti-icing time t exceeds the correction range.

[0013] If the time exceeds the limit, it is corrected according to the formula n1=K1*t; where n1 is the corrected theoretical anti-icing time, and K1 is the dynamic correction coefficient, which is used to correct the comprehensive calculation coefficient of air pressure, wind speed, and wind direction.

[0014] If it does not exceed the limit, then n1 = t;

[0015] S4. After correcting the theoretical anti-icing holding time t, check every minute whether the theoretical anti-icing holding time t changes during the holding time of the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time n1.

[0016] If so, then according to the formula n2=K2*(n1-natural elapsed time), where n2 is the remaining anti-icing time and K2 is the correction coefficient for the remaining anti-icing time;

[0017] If not, then n2 = n1 - natural elapsed time;

[0018] S5. The revised theoretical anti-icing retention time n1 and the remaining anti-icing retention time n2 are used for de-icing operations and aircraft launch operations.

[0019] Step S1 specifically includes:

[0020] The amplitude and duration of the light pulse generated when each precipitation particle falls into the sample area are measured, and the particle size and velocity are determined based on the amplitude and duration.

[0021] Particle size and velocity information are collected in a data matrix and stored according to time interval x to generate particle size and velocity samples;

[0022] Based on particle size and velocity samples, a precipitation identification matrix is ​​constructed, and the precipitation type is determined according to the particle size and velocity distribution information in the precipitation identification matrix.

[0023] Step S3 specifically includes:

[0024] When the wind speed is below 5 m / s, the protection holding time will not be corrected.

[0025] When the wind speed is greater than 5 m / s, n1 = m1 * m2 * t;

[0026] m1 = 1 - 0.2 * ((wind speed - 5) / (maximum wind speed range));

[0027] m2 = (1 - air pressure influence factor);

[0028] Among them, n1 is the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time, and m1 and m2 are the dynamic correction parameters of wind speed and wind direction for the anti-icing holding time at this moment respectively.

[0029] In step S4, it specifically includes:

[0030] Let t0 be the start time of de-icing, the initial corrected anti-icing holding time of the aircraft; t1 be the corrected theoretical holding time of the previous moment; t2 be the corrected theoretical holding time of the current moment; t3 be the remaining anti-icing holding time; t3' be the intermediate variable for temporarily storing the calculation of the remaining holding time;

[0031] t0 = k0 * R0 A * (2 - T0) B ,

[0032] t1 = k1 * R1 A * (2 - T1) B ,

[0033] t2 = k2 * R2 A * (2 - T2) B ,

[0034] Among them, k0, k1, and k2 are the coefficients affected by wind speed and wind direction at the initial moment, the previous moment, and the current moment respectively, R0, R1, and R2 are the precipitation settlement rates at the initial moment, the previous moment, and the current moment respectively, and T0, T1, and T2 are the ambient temperatures at the initial moment, the previous moment, and the current moment respectively;

[0035] α. If t2 >= t0, at this time the meteorological change does not exceed the initial anti-icing holding time collected by the aircraft, t3 is not corrected and passes according to normal time, t3' = t3 - 1, 1 represents 1 minute; record the current remaining anti-icing holding time as the starting time for the next time, and the remaining anti-icing holding time t3 = t3';

[0036] β. If t2 < t0 and t2 < t1, the meteorological change at the current moment is worse than the previous moment and worse than the initial moment after the aircraft has completed de-icing, and the remaining anti-icing holding time is shortened at this time:

[0037] If t2 >= t3, the corrected remaining anti-icing holding time is t3' = t3 * (t2 / t0),

[0038] At the same time, assign the current short corrected theoretical holding time as the data recorded at the previous moment t1 = t2;

[0039] The remaining time is the remaining anti-icing holding time t3 = t3' after correction;

[0040] If t2 < t3, the corrected remaining anti-icing holding time is t3' = t2 * (t2 / t0),

[0041] At the same time, assign the current short corrected theoretical holding time as the previous recorded data t1 = t2;

[0042] The remaining time is the remaining anti-icing holding time t3 = t3' after correction.

[0043] The present invention also provides a precipitation weighing device, including a heat preservation control box. There is a heat preservation cavity at the top end of the inner cavity of the heat preservation control box. A weighing sensor is arranged in the heat preservation cavity. The weighing sensor is connected to a data acquisition and analysis unit through a communication cable;

[0044] A detachable wind shield is arranged at the top end of the heat preservation control box. The wind shield is divided into upper and lower sections. The upper section can be directly opened, and the lower section is fixed on the top of the heat preservation control box;

[0045] A rain gauge is arranged inside the wind shield. The bottom of the rain gauge is fixedly connected to the weighing sensor. A liquid barrier ring is arranged at the connection between the rain gauge and the weighing sensor and the top end of the heat preservation control box;

[0046] An electric heating wire is arranged at the top of the rain gauge. A heating cavity is arranged inside the heat preservation control box. A heating temperature control component and a data acquisition controller are arranged in the heating cavity. An electric control box is arranged at the lower end of the heating cavity; Touch display screens are respectively arranged on the panels of the heating cavity and the electric control box;

[0047] A circulation fan is arranged at the lower end of the heating temperature control component. A cable outlet is arranged at the lower end of the electric control box. Casters are arranged at the bottom end of the heat preservation control box. An observation glass is arranged on the door of the heat preservation control box.

[0048] The present invention also provides a test system, including a meteorological element integration and acquisition module, a calculation module, a storage and display module, and the above precipitation weighing device;

[0049] The meteorological element integration and acquisition module consists of a meteorological instrument, a data collector and a data collector processing unit. The data collector is used to collect meteorological instrument data. The data collector processing unit is used to convert and calculate the meteorological instrument data, transform the meteorological instrument data into meteorological information, and enter the meteorological information into the calculation module in a communication manner;

[0050] The computing module includes a computing system, a touch screen, and a 4G module. The computing system is used to calculate the anti-icing time. The anti-icing time is calculated within the computing system and the data is transmitted according to an agreed protocol format via wired or wireless communication. The touch screen is used to display the data, and the 4G module is used to remotely transmit data via 4G.

[0051] The precipitation weighing device is used to measure precipitation and transmit the measurement results to the computing system.

[0052] The storage and display module is used to receive and display data transmitted by the 4G module.

[0053] Furthermore, the data acquisition device includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, and a weather phenomenon sensor, which are used to observe the atmospheric temperature and relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, wind pressure, and precipitation type in the acquisition area in real time, respectively, and the precipitation weighing device measures the weight of precipitation in real time.

[0054] Furthermore, the data transmitted by the temperature and humidity sensor, the air pressure sensor, and the wind direction sensor are transmitted in analog form, the data transmitted by the wind speed sensor are transmitted in pulse form, and the data transmitted by the weather phenomenon sensor and the weighing sensor are transmitted in differential signal form. The data acquisition processing unit follows the MODBUS TCP protocol and the TCP / IP protocol when transmitting data.

[0055] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0056] This invention accurately calculates the precise holding time of anti-icing fluids currently in use in China by using various meteorological information and the holding time model given by the FAA. By incorporating other signals such as wind speed and direction into the system, the theoretical anti-icing holding time can be corrected. Within the corrected holding time, the remaining holding time can be dynamically adjusted based on meteorological information. At the same time, the anti-icing holding time is updated every minute, enabling the system to accurately reflect the anti-icing holding time and quantify it.

[0057] The data acquisition time is 1 minute, enabling rapid updates of snowfall. The weighing sensor is accurate, allowing for more accurate and effective measurement of snowfall changes. The device also includes an internal data acquisition unit for remote data collection. Furthermore, the rain gauge has a heating function at the top to prevent snow accumulation, improving snowfall accuracy. An electrically controlled heating and temperature control component enhances the instrument's operating environment, allowing it to function normally even at temperatures below -40 degrees Celsius. Currently, no similar device exists on the market; testing and certification are conducted in laboratories abroad, indicating a very promising market prospect. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main view structure of the device of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view along the H direction;

[0061] Figure 4 This is a top-view structural diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0063] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the testing system of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments to aid understanding, and should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. Similarly, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0066] Please see Figure 1 This invention discloses a method for testing anti-icing retention time, comprising the following steps:

[0067] S1. Real-time collection of meteorological data and precipitation weight, and calculation of precipitation subsidence rate based on the change in precipitation weight per unit time; meteorological data includes temperature and humidity information, air pressure information, wind speed information, wind direction information and weather phenomenon information, including visibility and precipitation type.

[0068] S2. Based on the temperature, humidity, and precipitation type, select parameters (I, A, B), and apply the formula t = 10. I *R A *(2-T) B Calculate the theoretical anti-icing retention time, where I, A, and B are the basic performance parameters of the anti-icing fluid, t is the theoretical anti-icing retention time, T is the ambient temperature, and R is the precipitation deposition rate;

[0069] S3. Correct the theoretical anti-icing time t based on air pressure, wind speed, and wind direction information. Specifically, this includes determining whether the theoretical anti-icing time t exceeds the correction range.

[0070] If the time exceeds the limit, it is corrected according to the formula n1=K1*t; where n1 is the corrected theoretical anti-icing time, and K1 is the dynamic correction coefficient, which is used to correct the comprehensive calculation coefficient of air pressure, wind speed, and wind direction.

[0071] If it does not exceed the limit, then n1 = t;

[0072] S4. After correcting the theoretical anti-icing holding time t, check every minute whether the theoretical anti-icing holding time t changes during the holding time of the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time n1.

[0073] If so, then according to the formula n2=K2*(n1-natural elapsed time), where n2 is the remaining anti-icing time and K2 is the correction coefficient for the remaining anti-icing time;

[0074] If not, then n2 = n1 - natural elapsed time;

[0075] S5. The revised theoretical anti-icing retention time n1 and the remaining anti-icing retention time n2 are used for de-icing operations and aircraft launch operations.

[0076] Step S1 specifically includes:

[0077] The amplitude and duration of the light pulse generated when each precipitation particle falls into the sample area are measured, and the particle size and velocity are determined based on the amplitude and duration.

[0078] Particle size and velocity information are collected in a data matrix and stored at time intervals x to generate particle size and velocity samples; the time interval x can be set as needed, for example, 1 minute;

[0079] Based on particle size and velocity samples, a precipitation identification matrix is ​​constructed, and the precipitation type is determined according to the particle size and velocity distribution information in the precipitation identification matrix.

[0080] Step S3 specifically includes:

[0081] When the wind speed is below 5 m / s, the protection holding time will not be corrected.

[0082] When the wind speed is greater than 5 m / s, n1 = m1 * m2 * t;

[0083] m1 = 1 - 0.2 * ((wind speed - 5) / (maximum wind speed range));

[0084] m2 = (1 - air pressure influence factor);

[0085] Where, n1 is the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time, and m1 and m2 are the dynamic correction parameters of wind speed and wind direction for the anti-icing holding time at this moment respectively.

[0086] In step S4, it specifically includes:

[0087] Let t0 be the start time of de-icing, the initial corrected anti-icing holding time of the aircraft; t1 be the corrected theoretical holding time of the previous moment; t2 be the corrected theoretical holding time of the current moment; t3 be the remaining anti-icing holding time; t3' be the intermediate quantity temporarily stored for calculating the remaining holding time;

[0088] t0 = k0 * R0 A *(2 - T0) B ,

[0089] t1 = k1 * R1 A *(2 - T1) B ,

[0090] t2 = k2 * R2 A *(2 - T2) B ,

[0091] Where, k0, k1, and k2 are the coefficients affected by wind speed and wind direction at the initial moment, the previous moment, and the current moment respectively, R0, R1, and R2 are the precipitation sedimentation rates at the initial moment, the previous moment, and the current moment respectively, and T0, T1, and T2 are the ambient temperatures at the initial moment, the previous moment, and the current moment respectively;

[0092] α. If t2 >= t0, at this time, the meteorological change does not exceed the initial anti-icing holding time collected by the aircraft. t3 is not corrected and elapses according to the normal time. t3' = t3 - 1, where 1 represents 1 minute; record the current remaining anti-icing holding time as the starting time for the next time, and the remaining anti-icing holding time t3 = t3';

[0093] β. If t2 < t0 and t2 < t1, the meteorological change at the current moment is worse than that at the previous moment and worse than the initial moment after the aircraft de-ices. The remaining anti-icing holding time is shortened at this time:

[0094] If t2 >= t3, the corrected remaining anti-icing holding time is t3' = t3 * (t2 / t0),

[0095] At the same time, assign the current short corrected theoretical holding time as the recorded data at the previous moment t1 = t2;

[0096] The remaining time is the corrected remaining anti-icing holding time t3 = t3';

[0097] If t2 < t3, the corrected remaining anti-icing holding time is t3' = t2 * (t2 / t0),

[0098] At the same time, the current short correction theory hold time is assigned as the previous recorded data t1 = t2;

[0099] The remaining time is the corrected remaining anti-icing time t3 = t3'.

[0100] In this embodiment, the three anti-icing times used are, in order: theoretical anti-icing retention time → corrected anti-icing retention time → remaining anti-icing retention time.

[0101] At the moment aircraft anti-icing begins, the corrected anti-icing hold time is collected, and a countdown begins for this hold time, referred to as the remaining anti-icing hold time. The remaining anti-icing hold time is affected by future weather changes.

[0102] The theoretical anti-icing duration is collected immediately at the moment the anti-icing fluid is sprayed onto the aircraft, and then corrected based on meteorological information. This corrected time is used as the anti-icing duration of the de-icing aircraft.

[0103] Remaining anti-icing hold time refers to the remaining effective anti-icing time of the anti-icing fluid after the aircraft has completed anti-icing treatment. The hold time system collects and corrects the time in real time every minute for data comparison; the correction is a dynamic process.

[0104] like Figures 2-5 As shown, the present invention discloses a precipitation weighing device, including a heat-insulating control box 1, a heat-insulating cavity 5 at the top of the inner cavity of the heat-insulating control box 1, a weighing sensor 4 inside the heat-insulating cavity 5, and the weighing sensor 4 being connected to a data acquisition and analysis unit via a communication cable.

[0105] The top of the thermal insulation control box 1 is equipped with a detachable windshield 3. The windshield 3 is divided into upper and lower sections. The upper section can be opened directly, and the lower section is fixed to the top of the thermal insulation control box 1.

[0106] A rain gauge 2 is installed inside the windshield 3. The bottom of the rain gauge 2 is fixedly connected to the weighing sensor 4. A liquid barrier ring 14 is installed at the junction of the rain gauge 2 and the weighing sensor 4 with the top of the insulation control box 1.

[0107] The top of the rain gauge 2 is equipped with an electric heating wire, the heat preservation control box 1 is equipped with a heating chamber 6, the heating chamber 6 is equipped with a heating temperature control component 7 and a data acquisition controller, and the lower end of the heating chamber 6 is equipped with an electrical control box 9; the heating chamber 6 and the electrical control box 9 are respectively equipped with touch screen displays 10;

[0108] A circulating fan 8 is installed at the lower end of the heating and temperature control component 7, a cable outlet 12 is installed at the lower end of the electrical control box 9, casters 13 are installed at the bottom of the insulation control box 1, and an observation glass 11 is installed on the door of the insulation control box 1.

[0109] The main research content of this device is the influence of meteorological environment on anti-icing retention time, the identification of changes in anti-icing retention time within 1 minute, and the measurement of changes in meteorological element information within this period is the core requirement. Therefore, the accuracy and precision of its measurement are particularly important.

[0110] To ensure that the data can be kept within one minute and has real representative meaning, the system's sensors are required to have high accuracy and real-time performance.

[0111] Temperature, wind speed, and air pressure measurements are instantaneous and can accurately reflect real-time information;

[0112] The precipitation type measuring instrument uses a forward scattering method. This instrument operates on the principle of forward scattering of light and is controlled by a microprocessor to monitor precipitation types. It emits infrared light pulses and measures the size and velocity of precipitation particles passing through the instrument's sampling area. An appropriate algorithm converts the measured signal values ​​into different precipitation types and outputs them as specific codes. The data refresh rate is 1 minute, reflecting the precipitation type within one minute.

[0113] The precipitation measurement system consists of an industrial balance, a rain gauge, and a windproof cover. It uses a high-precision weighing instrument with a water inlet diameter of 200mm, a precipitation collection area of ​​3.14dm2, a weighing range of 0-3000g, a resolution of 0.005g, and an accuracy of 0.1g.

[0114] The industrial metrological balance is placed in an insulated box to ensure the instrument's working environment. It is designed with an independent rain gauge and windproof cover, and converts the data into labeled MODBUS-RTU data to communicate with the meteorological data acquisition system for data processing and analysis.

[0115] The instrument has a resolution of 5 mg, a repeatability of 0.1 g, and an effective measuring capacity of 1500 g. The measuring container is equipped with an automatic lid that automatically closes during measurement and opens after completion for the next snow accumulation measurement.

[0116] The following logic is used to identify the types of freezing fog, light snow, light snow, moderate snow, and freezing rain based on data from a thermometer, precipitation meter, and precipitation type meter:

[0117] When the precipitation type meter identifies it as rain, air temperature is used as the primary criterion. If the ambient temperature is below 0°C, it is classified as freezing rain. Combined with the precipitation intensity obtained from the precipitation sensor, it is classified as freezing drizzle (5–13 g / dm² / h) or light freezing rain (13–25 g / dm² / h). When the precipitation type meter identifies it as fog, air temperature is used as the primary criterion. If the ambient temperature is below 0°C, it is classified as freezing fog.

[0118] When the precipitation type instrument identifies it as snow, the precipitation amount is used as the first criterion. Based on the precipitation amount table, it is identified as very light snow (3-4 g / dm2 / h), light snow (4-10 g / dm2 / h), or moderate snow (10-25 g / dm2 / h).

[0119] The anti-icing hold-up time calculation model is a complex computational system involving nonlinearity, multiple inputs, multiple outputs, and multiple couplings related to meteorology. Real-time calculation of anti-icing hold-up time is key to solving the problem. Based on data provided by the FAA, the model only uses temperature, precipitation type, and precipitation intensity as variables for hold-up time calculation. This device, building upon the above variable model, studies the influence of air pressure and wind speed on anti-icing hold-up time. The addition of these variables improves the accuracy of the data model.

[0120] like Figures 6-7 As shown, the present invention discloses a testing system, including a meteorological element integration and acquisition module, a calculation module and a storage and display module, as well as the above-mentioned precipitation weighing device;

[0121] The meteorological element integration and acquisition module consists of meteorological instruments, a data acquisition unit, and a data acquisition unit processing unit. The data acquisition unit is used to collect meteorological instrument data, and the data acquisition unit is used to convert and calculate the meteorological instrument data, transforming the meteorological instrument data into meteorological information, and sending the meteorological information into the calculation module via communication.

[0122] The computing module includes a computing system, a touch screen, and a 4G module. The computing system is used to calculate the anti-icing time. The anti-icing time is calculated within the computing system and the data is transmitted according to the agreed protocol format via wired or wireless communication. The touch screen is used to display the data, and the 4G module is used to remotely transmit data via 4G.

[0123] The precipitation weighing device is used to measure precipitation and transmit the measurement results to the computing system.

[0124] The storage and display module is used to receive and display the data transmitted by the 4G module.

[0125] The data acquisition unit includes temperature and humidity sensors, wind speed sensors, wind direction sensors, air pressure sensors, and weather phenomenon sensors, which are used to monitor the atmospheric temperature and relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, wind pressure, and precipitation type in the acquisition area in real time. The precipitation weighing device measures the weight of precipitation in real time.

[0126] The data transmitted by the temperature and humidity sensor, air pressure sensor, and wind direction sensor are transmitted in the form of analog signals; the data transmitted by the wind speed sensor are transmitted in the form of pulse signals; and the data transmitted by the weather phenomenon sensor and the weighing sensor are transmitted in the form of differential signals. The data acquisition unit follows the MODBUS TCP protocol and the TCP / IP protocol when transmitting data.

[0127] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for testing anti-icing retention time, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Collect meteorological data and precipitation weight in real time, and calculate the precipitation settlement rate according to the change of precipitation weight per unit time; the meteorological data includes temperature and humidity information, air pressure information, wind speed information, wind direction information and weather phenomenon information, and the weather phenomenon information includes visibility and precipitation type; S2. Based on temperature and humidity information and precipitation type, select parameters I, A, and B, and apply the formula... Calculate the theoretical anti-icing retention time, where I, A, and B are the basic performance parameters of the anti-icing fluid, t is the theoretical anti-icing retention time, T is the ambient temperature, and R is the precipitation deposition rate; S3. Correct the theoretical anti-icing holding time t according to the air pressure information, wind speed information and wind direction information, specifically including: judging whether the theoretical anti-icing holding time t exceeds the correction range; If it exceeds the limit, according to the formula The correction is made; where n1 is the corrected theoretical anti-icing time, and K1 is the dynamic correction coefficient, which is used to correct the comprehensive calculation coefficient of air pressure, wind speed and wind direction. If it does not exceed, then n1 = t; S4. After correcting the theoretical anti-icing holding time t, within the holding time of the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time n1, detect whether there is a change in the theoretical anti-icing holding time t every minute; Let t0 be the moment when de-icing starts, the initial corrected anti-icing holding time of the aircraft; t1 be the corrected theoretical holding time of the previous moment; t2 be the corrected theoretical holding time of the current moment; t3 be the remaining anti-icing holding time; t3' be the intermediate quantity for temporarily storing the calculation of the remaining holding time; ， ， ； Among them, k0, k1 and k2 are the coefficients affected by wind speed and wind direction at the initial moment, the previous moment and the current moment respectively, R0, R1 and R2 are the precipitation settlement rates at the initial moment, the previous moment and the current moment respectively, and T0, T1 and T2 are the ambient temperatures at the initial moment, the previous moment and the current moment respectively; α. If t2 >= t0, the meteorology at the current moment has not deteriorated compared with the moment when de-icing starts, t3 is not corrected, and it elapses according to the normal time, t3' = t3 - 1, 1 represents 1 minute; record the current remaining anti-icing holding time as the starting time for the next time, and the dynamically remaining anti-icing holding time t3 = t3'; β. If t2 < t0 and t2 < t1, the meteorological change at the current moment is worse than the previous moment and worse than the moment when the aircraft finishes de-icing, and the dynamically remaining anti-icing holding time is shortened at this time: If t2>=t3, the corrected remaining anti-icing time is: , At the same time, assign the current short corrected theoretical holding time as the data recorded at the previous moment t1 = t2; The dynamically remaining anti-icing holding time is the corrected remaining anti-icing holding time t3 = t3'; If t2 < t3, the corrected remaining anti-icing holding time is , At the same time, assign the current short corrected theoretical holding time as the data recorded at the previous moment t1 = t2; The dynamically remaining anti-icing holding time is the corrected remaining anti-icing holding time t3 = t3'; S5. Use the corrected theoretical anti-icing holding time and the remaining anti-icing holding time for the operation guidance of de-icing and aircraft release operations.

2. The method for testing anti-icing retention time according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, it specifically includes: Measure the amplitude and duration of the light pulse generated when each precipitation particle falls into the sample area, and determine the particle size and velocity according to the amplitude and duration; Collect the particle size and velocity information in a data matrix, store it at intervals of time x, and generate a particle size and velocity sample; Based on the particle size and velocity samples, construct a precipitation identification matrix, and determine the precipitation type according to the particle size and velocity distribution information in the precipitation identification matrix.

3. The method for testing anti-icing retention time according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ ​ When the wind speed is greater than 5 m / s ; ; ​ Where n1 is the corrected theoretical anti-icing time, and m1 and m2 are the dynamic correction parameters of wind speed and wind direction for the anti-icing time at that moment.

4. A testing system for anti-icing retention time, based on the testing method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It includes a meteorological element integration and acquisition module, a calculation module and a storage and display module, as well as a precipitation weighing device; The meteorological element integration and acquisition module includes meteorological instruments, a data acquisition unit, and a data acquisition unit processing unit. The data acquisition unit is used to acquire meteorological instrument data, and the data acquisition unit is used to convert and calculate the meteorological instrument data, transforming the meteorological instrument data into meteorological information, and sending the meteorological information into the calculation module via communication. The computing module includes a computing system, a touch screen, and a 4G module. The computing system is used to calculate the anti-icing time. The anti-icing time is calculated within the computing system and the data is transmitted according to an agreed protocol format via wired or wireless communication. The touch screen is used to display the data, and the 4G module is used to remotely transmit data via 4G. The precipitation weighing device is used to measure precipitation and transmit the measurement results to the computing system. The storage and display module is used to receive and display data transmitted by the 4G module.

5. The testing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data acquisition unit includes temperature and humidity sensors, wind speed sensors, wind direction sensors, air pressure sensors, and weather phenomenon sensors, which are used to monitor the atmospheric temperature and relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, wind pressure, and precipitation type in the acquisition area in real time. The precipitation weighing device measures the weight of precipitation in real time.

6. The testing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity sensor, air pressure sensor, and wind direction sensor transmit data in analog form, the wind speed sensor transmits data in pulse form, and the weather phenomenon sensor and the weighing sensor in the precipitation weighing device transmit data in differential signal form. The data acquisition processing unit follows the MODBUS TCP protocol and TCP / IP protocol when transmitting data.

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