Off-grid comprehensive energy supply system with ammonia as energy carrier

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to an off-grid comprehensive energy supply system taking ammonia as an energy carrier. The off-grid comprehensive energy supply system comprises a power generation system and an ammonia synthesis system, wherein the power generation system comprises a main power generation module and a secondary power generation module, the main power generation module at least comprises a wind power generation module and a photovoltaic power generation module, the secondary power generation module at least comprises a nuclear energy power generation module and a biomass power generation module, and the power generation system is used for providing electric energy for the ammonia synthesis system; the ammonia synthesis system at least comprises one of the following devices: an electrochemical ammonia synthesis device and a Harberg method ammonia synthesis device, and the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device is a device which utilizes hydrogen and nitrogen as raw materials and utilizes lithium and quinone organic matters as electron transfer media to realize electrochemical synthesis reaction of ammonia; stable electric energy and heat energy supply is realized by integrating wind, light, core and biomass power generation processes, and is used as an energy source for ammonia preparation, and the prepared ammonia is easy to liquefy, convenient to transport and wide in application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy technology, and in particular to an off-grid integrated energy supply system using ammonia as an energy carrier. Background Art

[0002] The volatility, uncertainty and randomness of renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics make it difficult to connect wind power and photovoltaics to the grid, and the power abandonment rate remains high. It is necessary to introduce other electricity production methods and energy storage media to smooth out their fluctuations and improve energy quality.

[0003] Traditional electrochemical energy storage methods and physical energy storage methods have low energy storage density, require special terrain support, or have low energy storage and release efficiency; while traditional hydrogen energy storage methods cannot avoid problems such as difficulty in hydrogen transportation and single downstream use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide an off-grid integrated energy supply system using ammonia as an energy carrier to solve the technical problems that traditional wind power cannot be efficiently utilized and the energy storage method has poor effect.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an off-grid integrated energy supply system, a power generation system, and an ammonia synthesis system using ammonia as an energy carrier; wherein the power generation system includes a primary power generation module and a secondary power generation module, the primary power generation module includes at least a wind power generation module and a photovoltaic power generation module, the secondary power generation module includes at least a nuclear power generation module and a biomass power generation module, and the power generation system is used to provide electrical energy to the ammonia synthesis system; the ammonia synthesis system includes at least one of the following: an electrochemical ammonia synthesis device and a Haber process ammonia synthesis device, and the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device is a device that uses hydrogen and nitrogen as raw materials and uses lithium and quinone organic matter as electron transfer media to achieve an electrochemical synthesis reaction of ammonia.

[0006] In some embodiments, the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device includes at least a fixed bed reactor and an ammonia synthesis electrolytic cell, wherein the ammonia synthesis electrolytic cell includes a lithium solution, an anode, and a cathode; the fixed bed reactor is used to synthesize hydroquinone from hydrogen and quinone organic matter under the action of a platinum catalyst, and input the hydroquinone into the ammonia synthesis electrolytic cell; the cathode of the ammonia synthesis electrolytic cell is used to reduce lithium ions in the lithium solution to lithium elemental substance, which is oxidized to lithium nitride by the input nitrogen gas, and the lithium nitride undergoes a replacement reaction with the hydroquinone to form ammonia and lithium hydroquinone; the anode of the ammonia synthesis electrolytic cell is used to oxidize the lithium hydroquinone to quinone organic matter, and re-input the quinone organic matter into the fixed bed reactor.

[0007] In some embodiments, the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device further includes an ammonia separation device; the ammonia separation device is connected to the cathode side of the ammonia synthesis electrolysis cell and is used to separate ammonia from the cathode side of the ammonia synthesis electrolysis cell.

[0008] In some embodiments, the cathode of the synthetic ammonia electrolysis cell adopts a gas diffusion electrode.

[0009] In some embodiments, the quinone organic compound includes at least one of the following: benzoquinone, naphthoquinone, anthraquinone, ethyl anthraquinone, and butyl anthraquinone.

[0010] In some embodiments, the Haber process ammonia synthesis unit includes an ammonia synthesis unit and a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger is used to obtain heat energy generated by the nuclear power generation module and the biomass power generation module, and transmit the heat energy to the ammonia synthesis unit; the ammonia synthesis unit uses hydrogen and nitrogen as raw materials to synthesize ammonia under the action of heat energy.

[0011] In some embodiments, the ammonia synthesis system further includes a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, an air separation device, a hydrogen storage tank and a nitrogen storage tank; the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the hydrogen output end of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device for storing hydrogen; the nitrogen storage tank is connected to the nitrogen output end of the air separation device for storing nitrogen; in the case of an electrochemical ammonia synthesis device, the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the fixed bed reactor in the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device, and the nitrogen storage tank is connected to the cathode side of the ammonia synthesis electrolytic cell in the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device; in the case of a Haber process ammonia synthesis device, the hydrogen storage tank and the nitrogen storage tank are respectively connected to the ammonia synthesis device in the Haber process ammonia synthesis device.

[0012] In some embodiments, the oxygen output end of the air separation device is connected to the biomass power generation module.

[0013] In some embodiments, the power generation system provides electrical energy for the water electrolysis hydrogen production device.

[0014] In some embodiments, the ammonia synthesis system further includes an ammonia storage tank, which is used to store liquid ammonia produced by the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device or ammonia gas produced by the Haber process ammonia synthesis device.

[0015] In some embodiments, the power generation system further includes an AC / DC conversion device; the wind power generation module, photovoltaic power generation module, nuclear power generation module and biomass power generation module transmit electrical energy to the synthetic ammonia system through the AC / DC conversion device.

[0016] In some embodiments, the power generation system further includes an energy storage device; the wind power generation module, photovoltaic power generation module, nuclear power generation module and biomass power generation module transmit electrical energy to the energy storage device through an AC / DC conversion device for energy storage.

[0017] In some embodiments, the energy storage device is connected to the synthetic ammonia system for delivering electrical energy to the synthetic ammonia system.

[0018] In some embodiments, a first switch is set between the nuclear power generation module and the AC / DC conversion device, a second switch is set between the biomass power generation module and the AC / DC conversion device, a third switch is set between the AC / DC conversion device and the energy storage device, and a fourth switch is set between the energy storage device and the synthetic ammonia system.

[0019] In some embodiments, the power generation system further includes a control system; the control system is configured to control the first switch, the second switch, and the fourth switch to be disconnected, and control the third switch to be closed, when the sum of the first real-time power output by the wind power generation module and the second real-time power output by the photovoltaic power generation module is not less than the first rated power of the synthetic ammonia system and the remaining power of the energy storage device is less than a first preset threshold value, so as to charge the energy storage device and operate the synthetic ammonia system at the first rated power.

[0020] In some embodiments, the control system is further used to control the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch to be disconnected when the sum of the first real-time power and the second real-time power is not less than the first rated power and the remaining power of the energy storage device is equal to a first preset threshold, so as to enable the synthetic ammonia system to operate at the first rated power.

[0021] In some embodiments, the control system is further used to control the third switch and the fourth switch to close, and control the first switch and the second switch to open, when the sum of the first real-time power and the second real-time power is less than the first rated power, and the sum of the first real-time power, the second real-time power and the second rated power output by the energy storage device is not less than the first rated power, and the remaining power of the energy storage device is greater than a second preset threshold, so as to enable the energy storage device to output the second rated power to the synthetic ammonia system and the synthetic ammonia system to operate at the first rated power.

[0022] In some embodiments, the control system is further used to control the first switch and the second switch to be closed, and the third switch and the fourth switch to be opened, when the sum of the first real-time power, the second real-time power, and the second rated power is less than the first rated power, and to control the secondary power generation module to output the third real-time power to the synthetic ammonia system, so that the synthetic ammonia system operates at the first rated power; wherein the third real-time power is the difference between the first rated power and the first real-time power and the second real-time power.

[0023] In some embodiments, the synthetic ammonia system further includes an ammonia storage and transportation system, which is connected to the ammonia storage tank and is used to transport liquid ammonia or ammonia gas.

[0024] In some embodiments, an ammonia application system is further included, and the ammonia application system is connected to the ammonia storage and transportation system; the ammonia application system includes at least one of the following: ammonia fuel equipment, a power generation device, and an ammonia refining device.

[0025] An off-grid integrated energy replenishment system using ammonia as an energy carrier provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: a power generation system and an ammonia synthesis system; wherein the power generation system includes a primary power generation module and a secondary power generation module, the primary power generation module includes at least a wind power generation module and a photovoltaic power generation module, and the secondary power generation module includes at least a nuclear power generation module and a biomass power generation module, and the power generation system is used to provide electrical energy to the ammonia synthesis system; the ammonia synthesis system includes at least one of the following: an electrochemical ammonia synthesis device and a Haber process ammonia synthesis device, the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device is a device that uses hydrogen and nitrogen as raw materials and uses lithium and quinone organic matter as electron transfer media to achieve an electrochemical synthesis reaction of ammonia; this embodiment integrates wind, light, nuclear and biomass power generation processes to achieve a stable supply of electricity and heat energy, and uses them as the energy source for ammonia production. The ammonia produced is easy to liquefy and convenient to transport, and can be used as a chemical raw material or fuel for ammonia-powered vehicles, etc., and has a wide range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an off-grid integrated energy supply system using ammonia as an energy carrier provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of an electrochemical ammonia synthesis device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an ammonia synthesis system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of another ammonia synthesis system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of an ammonia application system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of another off-grid integrated energy supply system using ammonia as an energy carrier provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 A flow chart of a control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] 10-Power generation system; 101-Wind power generation module; 102-Photovoltaic power generation module; 103-Nuclear power generation module; 104-Biomass power generation module; 105-AC / DC conversion device; 106-Energy storage device; 20-Ammonia synthesis system; 201-Water electrolysis hydrogen production device; 202-Air separation device; 203-Hydrogen storage tank; 204-Nitrogen storage tank; 205-Fixed bed reactor; 206-Ammonia synthesis electrolysis cell; 2061-Anode; 2062-Cathode; 207-Ammonia separation device; 208-Ammonia synthesis device; 209-Heat exchanger; 210-Ammonia storage tank; 211-Ammonia storage and transportation system; 30-Ammonia application system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The volatility, uncertainty and randomness of renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics make it difficult to connect wind power and photovoltaics to the grid, and the power abandonment rate remains high. It is necessary to introduce other electricity production methods and energy storage media to smooth out their fluctuations and improve energy quality.

[0038] Traditional electrochemical energy storage methods and physical energy storage methods have low energy storage density, require special terrain support, or have low energy storage and release efficiency; while traditional hydrogen energy storage methods cannot avoid problems such as difficulty in hydrogen transportation and single downstream use.

[0039] In response to the above technical problems, the technical concept of the present invention is that: compared with wind, solar and other energy sources, nuclear energy and biomass energy are relatively more stable and reliable, with an average annual power generation of more than 7,000 hours, which can provide a stable base load for the power system; therefore, the present invention will introduce nuclear energy and biomass power generation to smooth out the volatility of wind and solar power generation and achieve stable output of the power grid; at the same time, considering that ammonia is one of the most important basic chemical products in the world, it can be widely used in the production of bulk chemical products and is also a high-quality fuel. Compared with hydrogen, ammonia liquefaction is easier and its storage and transportation methods are more flexible. It is a high-quality energy storage and long-distance transportation medium. Therefore, the present invention will use wind, solar, nuclear and biomass electricity to prepare ammonia.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an off-grid integrated energy supply system using ammonia as an energy carrier provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a power generation system 10 and an ammonia synthesis system 20;

[0041] The power generation system 10 includes a primary power generation module and a secondary power generation module. The primary power generation module includes at least a wind power generation module 101 and a photovoltaic power generation module 102. The secondary power generation module includes at least a nuclear power generation module 103 and a biomass power generation module 104. The power generation system 10 is used to provide electrical energy to the ammonia synthesis system 20. The ammonia synthesis system 20 includes at least one of the following: an electrochemical ammonia synthesis device and a Haber process ammonia synthesis device. The electrochemical ammonia synthesis device uses hydrogen and nitrogen as raw materials and uses lithium and quinone organic matter as electron transfer media to achieve an electrochemical synthesis reaction of ammonia.

[0042] Specifically, the power generation system 10 uses fluctuating energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic power generation, as well as stable energy sources such as biomass and nuclear energy to generate electricity. Among them, the wind power generation module 101 and the photovoltaic power generation module 102 can be 50 megawatts, and the nuclear power generation module 103 and the biomass power generation module 104 can be 25 megawatts. Wind power and photovoltaic power generation are the main power generation modules, and biomass and nuclear energy are secondary power generation modules, which are mainly used to smooth out the fluctuations in the power output curve of wind and solar power generation, thereby providing stable electricity and heat energy for the synthetic ammonia system 20 to ensure the smooth operation of the synthetic ammonia system 20. This embodiment also provides two methods for synthesizing ammonia: an electrochemical ammonia synthesis device and a Haber process ammonia synthesis device. The electrochemical ammonia synthesis device uses hydrogen as a hydrogen source, nitrogen as a nitrogen source, and lithium and quinone organic matter as electron mediators to electrochemically synthesize ammonia, and can operate at room temperature and normal pressure. The Haber process ammonia synthesis device is based on the Haber-Bosch process and is a fixed-bed reactor with an Fe- or Ru-based catalyst. It synthesizes ammonia from hydrogen and nitrogen at a reaction temperature of 300-500 degrees Celsius and a reaction pressure of 20-30 MPa.

[0043] In this embodiment, a stable supply of electricity and heat is achieved by integrating wind, solar, nuclear and biomass power generation processes, and is used as an energy source for ammonia production. Compared with hydrogen, ammonia liquefaction is easier and its storage and transportation methods are more flexible. It is a high-quality energy storage and long-distance transportation medium. The produced ammonia can be used as a chemical raw material, fuel for ammonia-powered vehicles, etc., and has a wide range of uses. It solves the technical problems of traditional hydrogen energy storage methods that cannot avoid the difficulties in hydrogen transportation and the single downstream use.

[0044] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of an electrochemical ammonia synthesis device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device at least includes a fixed bed reactor 205 and an ammonia synthesis electrolysis cell 206 , wherein the ammonia synthesis electrolysis cell 206 includes a lithium solution and includes an anode 2061 and a cathode 2062 ;

[0045] The fixed bed reactor 205 is used to synthesize hydroquinone from hydrogen and quinone organic matter under the action of a platinum catalyst, and input the hydroquinone into the synthetic ammonia electrolytic cell 206; the cathode 2062 of the synthetic ammonia electrolytic cell 206 is used to reduce lithium ions in the lithium solution to lithium element, which is oxidized by the input nitrogen to lithium nitride, and the lithium nitride undergoes a replacement reaction with the hydroquinone to form ammonia and lithium hydroquinone; the anode 2061 of the synthetic ammonia electrolytic cell 206 is used to oxidize the lithium hydroquinone to quinone organic matter, and re-input the quinone organic matter into the fixed bed reactor 205.

[0046] In some embodiments, the cathode 2062 of the synthetic ammonia electrolysis cell 206 is a gas diffusion electrode.

[0047] Specifically, first, hydrogen and quinone form hydroquinone under the catalysis of Pt catalyst in the fixed bed reactor 205, and hydroquinone enters the synthetic ammonia electrolysis cell 206 as a mediator; the cathode 2062 of the synthetic ammonia electrolysis cell 206 adopts a gas diffusion electrode, which facilitates the entry of nitrogen through the electrode; on the cathode 2062 side, lithium ions undergo a reduction reaction and are deposited on the cathode 2062 to form Li elemental substance, and Li is further oxidized by N2 to form LiN3, and then further undergoes a replacement reaction with hydroquinone in the electrolyte to form ammonia and lithium hydroquinone, and the lithium hydroquinone further undergoes an oxidation reaction on the anode 2061 side to form quinone; the quinone then further enters the fixed bed reactor 205 to be regenerated into hydroquinone, and this process is repeated.

[0048] In some embodiments, the quinone organic matter includes at least one of the following: benzoquinone, naphthoquinone, anthraquinone, ethyl anthraquinone, and butyl anthraquinone. The reason why quinone medium is used in this embodiment is that, first, it has good redox stability, and second, its redox potential can be regulated by reasonable molecular structure design.

[0049] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a synthetic ammonia system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the ammonia synthesis system 20 includes, in addition to the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device, an ammonia separation device 207 ; the ammonia separation device 207 is connected to the cathode 2062 side of the ammonia synthesis electrolysis cell 206 , and is used to separate ammonia from the cathode 2062 side of the ammonia synthesis electrolysis cell 206 .

[0050] In some embodiments, the ammonia synthesis system 20 further includes a water electrolysis hydrogen production device 201, an air separation device 202, a hydrogen storage tank 203 and a nitrogen storage tank 204; the hydrogen storage tank 203 is connected to the hydrogen output end of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 201 for storing hydrogen; the nitrogen storage tank 204 is connected to the nitrogen output end of the air separation device 202 for storing nitrogen; in the case of an electrochemical ammonia synthesis device, the hydrogen storage tank 203 is connected to the fixed bed reactor 205 in the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device, and the nitrogen storage tank 204 is connected to the cathode 2062 side of the ammonia synthesis electrolytic cell 206 in the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device.

[0051] Specifically, the hydrogen required for ammonia synthesis is obtained through the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 201. The water electrolysis hydrogen production can use one of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production, proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production, solid oxide water electrolysis hydrogen production and anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production systems. The prepared hydrogen can be stored in the hydrogen storage tank 203; the nitrogen required for ammonia synthesis comes from the air separation device 202, and the separated nitrogen can be stored in the nitrogen storage tank 204; then the hydrogen is input into the fixed bed reactor 205 in the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device, and the nitrogen enters from the cathode 2062 side of the ammonia synthesis electrolysis cell 206, and forms ammonia through electrochemical reaction.

[0052] Figure 4 A structural diagram of another ammonia synthesis system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the ammonia synthesis system 20 is based on the Haber process ammonia synthesis device, including an ammonia synthesis device 208 and a heat exchanger 209; the heat exchanger 209 is used to obtain the heat energy generated by the nuclear power generation module 103 and the biomass power generation module 104, and transmit the heat energy to the ammonia synthesis device 208; the ammonia synthesis device 208 uses hydrogen and nitrogen as raw materials to synthesize ammonia under the action of heat energy.

[0053] In some embodiments, the ammonia synthesis system 20 further includes a water electrolysis hydrogen production device 201, an air separation device 202, a hydrogen storage tank 203 and a nitrogen storage tank 204; the hydrogen storage tank 203 is connected to the hydrogen output end of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 201 for storing hydrogen; the nitrogen storage tank 204 is connected to the nitrogen output end of the air separation device 202 for storing nitrogen; in the case of a Haber process ammonia synthesis device, the hydrogen storage tank 203 and the nitrogen storage tank 204 are respectively connected to the ammonia synthesis device 208 in the Haber process ammonia synthesis device.

[0054] Specifically, the hydrogen required for synthesizing ammonia is obtained through the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 201, and the prepared hydrogen can be stored in the hydrogen storage tank 203; the nitrogen required for synthesizing ammonia comes from the air separation device 202, and the separated nitrogen can be stored in the nitrogen storage tank 204; then the hydrogen and nitrogen are input into the ammonia synthesis device 208, and ammonia is formed under the action of waste heat from the nuclear power generation module 103 and the biomass power generation module 104.

[0055] In some embodiments, the ammonia synthesis system 20 further includes an ammonia storage tank 210, which is used to store liquid ammonia produced by the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device or ammonia gas produced by the Haber process ammonia synthesis device. Figure 3 As shown, in the electrochemical ammonia synthesis process, the ammonia separation device 207 is connected to the ammonia storage tank 210. At this time, the ammonia storage tank 210 is a liquid ammonia storage tank for storing liquid ammonia; Figure 4As shown, in the process of synthesizing ammonia using the Haber process, the output end of the ammonia synthesis device 208 is connected to the ammonia storage tank 210 for storing ammonia gas.

[0056] In some embodiments, the oxygen output end of the air separation device 202 is connected to the biomass power generation module 104. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the air separation device 202 includes an oxygen output end and a nitrogen output end. The oxygen output end is connected to the biomass power generation module 104 to provide an oxygen-rich environment for sufficient combustion of the biomass. The nitrogen output end is connected to the nitrogen storage tank 204 to store nitrogen for subsequent use in preparing ammonia.

[0057] In some embodiments, the power generation system 10 provides electrical energy for the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 201. Specifically, the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 201 needs to provide hydrogen for the synthetic ammonia system 20, and the wind power generation module 101, photovoltaic power generation module 102, nuclear power generation module 103, and biomass power generation module 104 in the power generation system 10 provide it with electrical energy or thermal energy.

[0058] In some embodiments, the power generation system 10 further includes an AC / DC converter 105 ; the wind power generation module 101 , the photovoltaic power generation module 102 , the nuclear power generation module 103 and the biomass power generation module 104 transmit electrical energy to the synthetic ammonia system 20 through the AC / DC converter 105 .

[0059] In some embodiments, the power generation system 10 further includes an energy storage device 106; the wind power generation module 101, photovoltaic power generation module 102, nuclear power generation module 103 and biomass power generation module 104 transmit electrical energy to the energy storage device 106 through an AC / DC conversion device 105 for energy storage.

[0060] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 106 is connected to the ammonia synthesis system 20 for delivering electrical energy to the ammonia synthesis system 20 .

[0061] Specifically, continue to refer to Figure 1 As shown, the AC power generated by the power generation system 10 is rectified to DC by the AC / DC converter 105 and can be used in the ammonia synthesis system 20. Alternatively, the AC power can be stored in the energy storage device 106, or the energy storage system 106 can provide electrical energy to the ammonia synthesis system 20. In some embodiments, the energy storage device 106 includes at least one of the following: lithium-ion battery energy storage, sodium-ion battery energy storage, all-vanadium redox flow battery energy storage, flywheel energy storage, and compressed air energy storage.

[0062] In some embodiments, a first switch is set between the nuclear power generation module 103 and the AC / DC conversion device 105, a second switch is set between the biomass power generation module 104 and the AC / DC conversion device 105, a third switch is set between the AC / DC conversion device 105 and the energy storage device 106, and a fourth switch is set between the energy storage device 106 and the synthetic ammonia system 20.

[0063] Specifically, continue to refer to Figure 1 As shown, a switch 1 is provided between the nuclear power generation module 103 and the AC / DC converter 105, a switch 2 is provided between the biomass power generation module 104 and the AC / DC converter 105, a switch 3 is provided between the AC / DC converter 105 and the energy storage device 106, and a switch 4 is provided between the energy storage device 106 and the synthetic ammonia system 20; by opening or closing switches 1 to 4, different modules can be powered to the synthetic ammonia system 20.

[0064] In some embodiments, the power generation system 10 further includes a control system; the control system is configured to control the first switch, the second switch, and the fourth switch to be disconnected, and control the third switch to be closed, when the sum of the first real-time power output by the wind power generation module 101 and the second real-time power output by the photovoltaic power generation module 102 is not less than the first rated power of the synthetic ammonia system 20, and the remaining power of the energy storage device 106 is less than a first preset threshold, so as to charge the energy storage device 106 and enable the synthetic ammonia system 20 to operate at the first rated power.

[0065] Specifically, the power generation system 10 also includes a control system (not shown) that can implement different control logics. Assuming the rated power of the synthetic ammonia system 20 is Pe, the real-time power of the wind power generation module 101 is Pw, the real-time power of the photovoltaic power generation module 102 is Ps, and the rated output power of the energy storage device 106 is Pc, the first control logic is as follows:

[0066] ① When Pw+Ps≥Pe and the remaining power (State of Charge, SOC) of the energy storage device 106 is less than the maximum value, switches 1, 2, and 4 are controlled to be disconnected, and switch 3 is controlled to be closed. At this time, the wind power generation module 101 and the photovoltaic power generation module 102 provide power to the energy storage device 106 and the ammonia synthesis system 20, so that the energy storage device 106 is in a charging state and the ammonia synthesis system 20 operates at rated power.

[0067] In some embodiments, the control system is further configured to control the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch to be disconnected when the sum of the first real-time power and the second real-time power is not less than the first rated power and the remaining power of the energy storage device 106 is equal to a first preset threshold value, so as to enable the synthetic ammonia system 20 to operate at the first rated power.

[0068] Specifically, the second control logic is as follows:

[0069] ② When Pw+Ps≥Pe and the SOC of the energy storage device 106 is equal to the maximum value, the control switches 1, 2, 3 and 4 are all disconnected. At this time, the wind power generation module 101 and the photovoltaic power generation module 102 provide power to the synthetic ammonia system 20, so that the synthetic ammonia system 20 operates at rated power.

[0070] In some embodiments, the control system is further configured to control the third switch and the fourth switch to be closed, and the first switch and the second switch to be opened, when the sum of the first real-time power and the second real-time power is less than the first rated power, and the sum of the first real-time power, the second real-time power and the second rated power output by the energy storage device 106 is not less than the first rated power, and the remaining power of the energy storage device 106 is greater than a second preset threshold, so as to enable the energy storage device 106 to output the second rated power to the synthetic ammonia system 20, and the synthetic ammonia system 20 to operate at the first rated power.

[0071] Specifically, the third control logic is as follows:

[0072] ③ When Pw+Ps<Pe, and Pw+Ps+Pc≥Pe, and the SOC of the energy storage device 106 is greater than the minimum value, switch 1 and switch 2 are controlled to be disconnected, and switch 3 and switch 4 are controlled to be closed. At this time, the wind power generation module 101, the photovoltaic power generation module 102 and the energy storage device 106 provide electrical energy to the synthetic ammonia system 20, wherein the energy storage device 106 supplies power to the synthetic ammonia system 20 according to Pc, and the synthetic ammonia system 20 operates at rated power.

[0073] In some embodiments, the control system is further used to control the first switch and the second switch to be closed, and the third switch and the fourth switch to be opened, when the sum of the first real-time power, the second real-time power, and the second rated power is less than the first rated power, and to control the secondary power generation module to output the third real-time power to the synthetic ammonia system 20, so that the synthetic ammonia system 20 operates at the first rated power; wherein the third real-time power is the difference between the first rated power and the first real-time power and the second real-time power.

[0074] Specifically, the fourth control logic is as follows:

[0075] ④ When Pw+Ps+Pc<Pe, control switches 1 and 2 are closed, and control switches 3 and 4 are opened. At this time, the wind power generation module 101, the photovoltaic power generation module, the nuclear power generation module 103 and the biomass power generation module 104 supply power to the synthetic ammonia system 20, wherein the nuclear power generation module 103 and the biomass power generation module 104 supply power to the synthetic ammonia system 20 with a power of Pe-Pw-Ps, so that the synthetic ammonia system 20 operates at rated power.

[0076] In some embodiments, the synthetic ammonia system 20 further includes an ammonia storage and transportation system 211 , which is connected to the ammonia storage tank 210 and is used to transport liquid ammonia or ammonia gas.

[0077] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ammonia application system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the ammonia application system 30 is connected to the ammonia storage and transportation system 211; the ammonia application system 30 includes at least one of the following: an ammonia fuel device, a power generation device, and an ammonia refining device.

[0078] Specifically, the produced ammonia is transported to the end user via the ammonia storage and transportation system 211. It can be used as a bulk chemical raw material, directly as fuel for ammonia internal combustion engine vehicles and direct ammonia fuel cell vehicles, or generated through a power generation device to supplement the power of electric vehicles. In some embodiments, the ammonia storage and transportation system 211 can be transported by vehicle or pipeline; the power generation device can generate electricity through combustion, directly generate electricity through ammonia fuel cells, or generate electricity through reforming to produce hydrogen.

[0079] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of another off-grid integrated energy supply system using ammonia as an energy carrier provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the system mainly includes a power generation system 10, an ammonia synthesis system 20 and an ammonia application system 30; wherein, the ammonia synthesis system 20 synthesizes liquid ammonia or ammonia gas when the power generation system 10 provides electric energy, and transports the liquid ammonia or ammonia gas to the ammonia application system 30 for various applications.

[0080] In summary, the off-grid integrated energy supply system constructed in this embodiment, which uses ammonia as an energy carrier, realizes a stable supply of electricity and heat energy by integrating wind, solar, nuclear and biomass power generation processes, and serves as an energy source for ammonia production; the produced ammonia can be transported to the user end as a chemical raw material or fuel for ammonia-powered vehicles, etc., thus realizing the integration of energy flow and material flow.

[0081] Figure 7 A flow chart of a control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a control system in an off-grid integrated energy supply system using ammonia as an energy carrier as described above, such as Figure 7As shown, the control method includes the following steps:

[0082] Step S701: Determine a first rated power of the synthetic ammonia system and a second rated power output by the energy storage device, and obtain a first real-time power output by the wind power generation module 101, a second real-time power output by the photovoltaic power generation module 102, and the SOC of the energy storage device.

[0083] Step S702: If the sum of the first real-time power and the second real-time power is not less than the first rated power, and the remaining power of the energy storage device is less than a first preset threshold, the first switch, the second switch, and the fourth switch are controlled to be disconnected, and the third switch is controlled to be closed, so as to charge the energy storage device and operate the synthetic ammonia system at the first rated power.

[0084] Step S703: If the sum of the first real-time power and the second real-time power is not less than the first rated power, and the remaining power of the energy storage device is equal to the first preset threshold, the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch are all controlled to be disconnected, so that the synthetic ammonia system operates at the first rated power.

[0085] Step S704: If the sum of the first real-time power and the second real-time power is less than the first rated power, and the sum of the first real-time power, the second real-time power, and the second rated power is not less than the first rated power, and the remaining power of the energy storage device is greater than the second preset threshold, the third switch and the fourth switch are controlled to be closed, and the first switch and the second switch are controlled to be opened, so that the energy storage device outputs power to the synthetic ammonia system at the second rated power, and the synthetic ammonia system operates at the first rated power.

[0086] Step S705: If the sum of the first real-time power, the second real-time power, and the second rated power is less than the first rated power, the first switch and the second switch are controlled to be closed, the third switch and the fourth switch are controlled to be opened, and the secondary power generation module is controlled to output the third real-time power to the synthetic ammonia system, so that the synthetic ammonia system operates at the first rated power; wherein the third real-time power is the difference between the first rated power and the first real-time power and the second real-time power.

[0087] In this embodiment, considering that the inherent volatility of renewable resources such as wind and solar power makes it difficult for them to provide a stable energy supply like thermal power generation, resulting in difficulties in achieving efficient grid connection, the fluctuations are smoothed by introducing other power production methods and energy storage media, thereby achieving an improvement in energy quality. The control logic is simple, and stable production of ammonia can be achieved.

[0088] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0089] The foregoing description is intended only to provide specific embodiments of the present invention, which will enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. An off-grid integrated energy supply system using ammonia as an energy carrier, characterized in that: include: Power generation system and ammonia synthesis system; The power generation system includes a primary power generation module and a secondary power generation module. The primary power generation module includes at least a wind power generation module and a photovoltaic power generation module. The secondary power generation module includes at least a nuclear power generation module and a biomass power generation module. The power generation system is used to provide electrical energy to the synthetic ammonia system. The ammonia synthesis system includes at least one of the following: an electrochemical ammonia synthesis device and a Haber process ammonia synthesis device. The electrochemical ammonia synthesis device uses hydrogen and nitrogen as raw materials and lithium and quinone organic matter as electron transfer media to achieve an electrochemical synthesis reaction of ammonia.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The electrochemical ammonia synthesis device comprises at least a fixed bed reactor and an ammonia synthesis electrolytic cell, wherein the ammonia synthesis electrolytic cell comprises a lithium solution, an anode and a cathode; The fixed bed reactor is used to synthesize hydroquinone from hydrogen and quinone organic matter under the action of a platinum catalyst, and input the hydroquinone into the synthetic ammonia electrolysis cell; The cathode of the synthetic ammonia electrolytic cell is used to reduce lithium ions in the lithium solution to lithium elemental substances, which are oxidized by the input nitrogen gas to lithium nitride, and the lithium nitride undergoes a replacement reaction with the hydroquinone to form ammonia and lithium hydroquinone; The anode of the ammonia synthesis electrolysis cell is used to oxidize the lithium hydroquinone into quinone organic matter, and then re-input the quinone organic matter into the fixed bed reactor.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The electrochemical ammonia synthesis device also includes an ammonia separation device; The ammonia separation device is connected to the cathode side of the synthetic ammonia electrolysis cell and is used to separate ammonia from the cathode side of the synthetic ammonia electrolysis cell.

4. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The cathode of the synthetic ammonia electrolytic cell adopts a gas diffusion electrode.

5. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The quinone organic compound includes at least one of the following: benzoquinone, naphthoquinone, anthraquinone, ethyl anthraquinone, and butyl anthraquinone.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The Haber process ammonia synthesis device includes an ammonia synthesis device and a heat exchanger; The heat exchanger is used to obtain heat energy generated by the nuclear power generation module and the biomass power generation module, and transmit the heat energy to the ammonia synthesis device; The ammonia synthesis device synthesizes ammonia using hydrogen and nitrogen as raw materials under the action of thermal energy.

7. The system according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The synthetic ammonia system also includes a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, an air separation device, a hydrogen storage tank and a nitrogen storage tank; The hydrogen storage tank is connected to the hydrogen output end of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device and is used to store hydrogen; The nitrogen storage tank is connected to the nitrogen output end of the air separation device and is used to store nitrogen; In the case of an electrochemical ammonia synthesis device, the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the fixed bed reactor in the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device, and the nitrogen storage tank is connected to the cathode side of the ammonia synthesis electrolytic cell in the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device; In the case of adopting a Haber process ammonia synthesis device, the hydrogen storage tank and the nitrogen storage tank are respectively connected to the ammonia synthesis device in the Haber process ammonia synthesis device.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The oxygen output end of the air separation device is connected to the biomass power generation module.

9. The system according to claim 7, wherein: The power generation system provides electrical energy for the water electrolysis hydrogen production device.

10. The system according to claim 7, wherein: The ammonia synthesis system further includes an ammonia storage tank, which is used to store liquid ammonia produced by the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device or ammonia gas produced by the Haber process ammonia synthesis device.

11. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The power generation system further includes an AC / DC conversion device; The wind power generation module, photovoltaic power generation module, nuclear power generation module and biomass power generation module transmit electric energy to the synthetic ammonia system through an AC / DC conversion device.

12. The system according to claim 11, wherein: The power generation system also includes an energy storage device; The wind power generation module, photovoltaic power generation module, nuclear power generation module and biomass power generation module transmit electric energy to the energy storage device through an AC / DC conversion device to realize energy storage.

13. The system according to claim 12, wherein: The energy storage device is connected to the synthetic ammonia system and is used to transmit electrical energy to the synthetic ammonia system.

14. The system according to claim 13, wherein: A first switch is provided between the nuclear power generation module and the AC / DC conversion device, a second switch is provided between the biomass power generation module and the AC / DC conversion device, a third switch is provided between the AC / DC conversion device and the energy storage device, and a fourth switch is provided between the energy storage device and the synthetic ammonia system.

15. The system according to claim 14, wherein: The power generation system further includes a control system; The control system is used to control the first switch, the second switch, and the fourth switch to be disconnected, and the third switch to be closed, when the sum of the first real-time power output by the wind power generation module and the second real-time power output by the photovoltaic power generation module is not less than the first rated power of the synthetic ammonia system and the remaining power of the energy storage device is less than a first preset threshold value, so as to charge the energy storage device and operate the synthetic ammonia system at the first rated power.

16. The system according to claim 15, wherein: The control system is further configured to control the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch to be disconnected when the sum of the first real-time power and the second real-time power is not less than the first rated power and the remaining power of the energy storage device is equal to a first preset threshold value, so as to enable the synthetic ammonia system to operate at the first rated power.

17. The system according to claim 15, wherein: The control system is further configured to control the third switch and the fourth switch to be closed, and the first switch and the second switch to be opened, when the sum of the first real-time power and the second real-time power is less than the first rated power, the sum of the first real-time power, the second real-time power and the second rated power output by the energy storage device is not less than the first rated power, and the remaining power of the energy storage device is greater than a second preset threshold, so as to enable the energy storage device to output the second rated power to the synthetic ammonia system and the synthetic ammonia system to operate at the first rated power.

18. The system according to claim 15, wherein: The control system is further configured to, when the sum of the first real-time power, the second real-time power, and the second rated power is less than the first rated power, control the first switch and the second switch to be closed, control the third switch and the fourth switch to be open, and control the secondary power generation module to output the third real-time power to the synthetic ammonia system, so that the synthetic ammonia system operates at the first rated power; The third real-time power is the difference between the first rated power and the first real-time power and the second real-time power.

19. The system according to claim 10, wherein: The synthetic ammonia system further comprises an ammonia storage and transportation system, which is connected to the ammonia storage tank and is used to transport liquid ammonia or ammonia gas.

20. The system according to claim 19, wherein: It also includes an ammonia application system, which is connected to the ammonia storage and transportation system; The ammonia application system includes at least one of the following: an ammonia fuel device, a power generation device, and an ammonia refining device.

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