A method and equipment for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of image feature extraction technology, specifically to a method and equipment for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions. The method includes: determining the reference height of the pile head by using the boundary position between the pile cap and the pile head in multiple pile head images; obtaining a pile head settlement sequence; segmenting the pile head settlement sequence to obtain the overall height of the target segment's pile head; obtaining the settlement height reduction index of the target segment's pile head by using the difference between the overall heights of adjacent segments; dividing the actual pipe pile area in the pile head region into blocks and determining the pixel points of its edge lines to obtain the texture level of each block; obtaining the estimated damage level of the target segment by using the average texture level of the target segment within the target blocks; and determining whether the pipe pile breakage is caused by geological factors by using the settlement height reduction index and the estimated damage level. This invention can accurately and efficiently identify the cause of pile head damage, facilitating guidance for subsequent pipe pile construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of image feature extraction technology, specifically to a method and equipment for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Precast pipe pile construction refers to a foundation construction method in which precast reinforced concrete hollow circular pipe piles are vertically driven into the foundation soil layer on the construction site according to design requirements using mechanical equipment to form a load-bearing structure. This method has the advantages of fast construction speed, controllable quality, and high bearing capacity, and is widely used in high-rise buildings, bridges, docks and other engineering projects.

[0003] Under complex geological conditions, such as the presence of isolated boulders, hard interlayers, gravel layers, or soil layers of varying hardness, precast pipe piles are prone to sudden changes in driving resistance or failure of the pile tip to penetrate the strata smoothly during the pile driving process, resulting in a violent rebound of the hammer impact force. When this impact force is transmitted through the pile body to the pile head, if the buffering measures are insufficient or the concrete strength of the pile head is limited, it will cause localized stress concentration, resulting in damage such as concrete cracking, corner chipping, or even exposed reinforcing steel bars at the pile head.

[0004] In existing technologies, defect detection of pile head damage is mainly carried out through manual inspection, static image capture, or post-construction measurement. Typically, after pile driving is completed, workers use visual observation or photography to check for phenomena such as concrete chipping, cracks, and exposed rebar at the pile top. This is then combined with construction records to determine whether the damage is caused by geological factors, thus guiding the subsequent pipe pile construction process. However, these methods suffer from problems such as detection lag, strong subjectivity, and inability to correlate with real-time geological changes, making it difficult to meet the need for rapid and accurate identification of the causes of pile head damage under complex working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the low efficiency and accuracy of existing methods for identifying the causes of pile head damage during pipe pile construction, this invention aims to provide a method and equipment for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions. The specific technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0006] This invention provides a method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions, the method comprising:

[0007] The reference height of the pile head is determined by using the boundary position between the pile cap and the pile head in the pile head region of multiple pile head images;

[0008] The pile head sinking sequence is obtained by using the reference height of each pile head. The pile head sinking sequence is then segmented based on the element descent index between its adjacent elements to obtain the overall height of the pile head in the target segment.

[0009] The sinking height reduction index of the target segment pile head is obtained by using the difference between the overall heights of adjacent segment pile heads;

[0010] The actual pipe pile area in the pile head region is determined based on the boundary position, and the texture level of each block is obtained by dividing the actual pipe pile area into blocks and determining the pixel points of its edge lines.

[0011] The estimated damage level of the target segment is obtained by using the average texture level of the target segment in the target block;

[0012] By using the sinking height reduction index and the estimated degree of damage, it can be determined whether the pipe pile rupture is caused by geological reasons.

[0013] Furthermore, determining the pile head reference height by utilizing the boundary position between the pile cap and the pile head in multiple pile head images includes:

[0014] During the construction of pipe piles, multiple pile head images are acquired to determine the pile head region within the pile head images;

[0015] Extract the straight line at the edge of the pile head area and take the direction of the longest straight line as the extension direction of the pile head area, and take the direction perpendicular to the extension direction as the dividing direction.

[0016] The two longest straight lines are taken as the two sides of the pile head, and the area extending upward from the two sides of the pile head is taken as the boundary judgment area.

[0017] By using the target row pixels in the boundary judgment area in the boundary distinction direction, the straight line of the pile head reference position in the pile head image is determined;

[0018] The straight line at the reference position of the pile head is used as the boundary between the pile cap and the pile head, and the shortest distance between the straight line at the reference position of the pile head and the bottom of the pile head image is used as the reference height of the pile head.

[0019] Furthermore, when the pile head image is the first pile head image, the step of determining the pile head reference position line of the pile head image by utilizing the target row pixels in the boundary judgment area in the boundary distinction direction includes:

[0020] Determine the target row pixel in the boundary judgment area in the boundary distinction direction, determine the shortest Euclidean distance between the target row pixel and the pile head area, as well as its target grayscale mean and the downlink grayscale mean of the row pixel below it;

[0021] The degree of boundary of the target row pixels is calculated using the shortest Euclidean distance, the target gray-scale mean, and the downlink gray-scale mean.

[0022] The target row pixels with the highest degree of separation are used as the reference line for the pile head in the first pile head image, and the average gray value of the target row pixels with the highest degree of separation is used as the standard gray value for the pile cap separation.

[0023] Furthermore, when the pile head image is not the first pile head image, the step of determining the pile head reference position line of the pile head image by utilizing the target row pixels in the boundary judgment area in the boundary distinction direction includes:

[0024] Determine the target row pixel in the boundary judgment region along the boundary distinction direction, and determine the shortest Euclidean distance between the target row pixel and the pile head region, as well as its target grayscale mean.

[0025] Using the shortest Euclidean distance, the target grayscale mean, and the standard grayscale of the pile cap boundary in the first pile head image, the boundary similarity of the target row pixels is calculated.

[0026] The target row pixel with the highest degree of boundary similarity is used as the straight line of the pile head reference position in the pile head image.

[0027] Further, the step of obtaining the pile head settlement sequence using the reference height of each pile head, and then segmenting the pile head settlement sequence based on the element descent index between its adjacent elements to obtain the overall height of the pile head in the target segment, includes:

[0028] The pile head sinking sequence is obtained by arranging the pile head reference height of each pile head image in time sequence;

[0029] The absolute value of the difference between the target element and its adjacent preceding element in the pile head sinking sequence is used as the element descent index.

[0030] The pile head sinking sequence is segmented at target elements where the element descent index is greater than a preset descent threshold, resulting in the overall pile head height of multiple target segments.

[0031] Furthermore, the step of obtaining the settlement height reduction index of the target segment pile head by utilizing the difference between the overall heights of adjacent segment pile heads includes:

[0032] The absolute value of the difference between the overall height of the pile head of the target segment and its adjacent preceding segment is taken as the sinking height of the target segment;

[0033] Use any segment before the target segment as a reference segment to determine the sinking height of the reference segment and the maximum sinking height between the target segment and the reference segment;

[0034] The sinking height reduction index of the target segment pile head is calculated using the sinking height of the target segment, the sinking height of the reference segment, and the maximum sinking height between the target segment and the reference segment.

[0035] Furthermore, the step of determining the actual pipe pile area in the pile head region based on the boundary position, and obtaining the texture level of each block based on the pixel points of the edge lines of the actual pipe pile area, includes:

[0036] The area below the boundary in the pile head region is taken as the real pipe pile region, and edge detection is performed on the real pipe pile region to obtain multiple edge lines;

[0037] The actual pipe pile area is divided vertically into multiple blocks, and the number of pixels on the edge lines within each block is used as the texture level of each block.

[0038] Furthermore, the step of obtaining the estimated damage level of the target segment by utilizing the average texture level of the target segment within the target block includes:

[0039] Determine the average texture level of the target segment within its target block, and determine the reference block corresponding to the target block in the first pile head image;

[0040] The difference between the average texture level of the target block and the texture level of the reference block is used as the texture enhancement degree of the target block;

[0041] Determine the minimum value of the texture increase from the first block to the target block in the target segment, and use the texture increase and the minimum value of the texture increase to calculate the estimated damage level of the target segment.

[0042] Furthermore, the method of using the sinking height reduction index and the estimated damage level to determine whether the pipe pile rupture is caused by geological reasons includes:

[0043] Determine the descent sequence consisting of the descent height descent index of all segments and the damage degree sequence consisting of the estimated damage degree;

[0044] Determine the second difference value of each element in the descending sequence and take the element with the largest second difference value as the descending mutation segment of the descending sequence;

[0045] Determine the second-order difference value of each element in the damage severity sequence and take the element with the largest second-order difference value as the damage mutation segment of the damage severity sequence;

[0046] Determine the segment distance between the descending abrupt change segment and the damage abrupt change segment, and calculate the current geological pile head damage index using the current segment's subsidence height decrease index, the estimated damage degree, and the segment distance;

[0047] If the current geological pile head damage index is greater than or equal to the preset index threshold, the pipe pile rupture is determined to be caused by geological reasons.

[0048] If the current geological pile head damage index is less than the preset index threshold, the pile rupture is determined to be caused by non-geological reasons.

[0049] The present invention also provides a precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring device under complex geological conditions. The device includes a processor, a memory, and a precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring program stored in the memory and executable by the processor. When the precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring method under complex geological conditions as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0050] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] Geological factors mainly manifest as changes in the sinking height of pipe piles during the sinking process. To more accurately segment the pipe piles, this invention uses real-time positioning of the pile head to accurately determine its location. During the descent of the pile head, geological factors can cause a decrease in the sinking rate, leading to a risk of pile head breakage. This invention obtains the sinking rate decline index and the estimated degree of pile head breakage, and based on the correlation between the two, determines whether the pipe pile breakage is due to geological factors. This allows for precise and efficient identification of the cause of pile head breakage, which is more conducive to guiding subsequent pipe pile construction and improving construction efficiency and quality. Attached Figure Description

[0052] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions, as provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a detailed flowchart of step S1 in a method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 3 This is a detailed flowchart of step S2 in a method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 4 This is a detailed flowchart of step S3 in a method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 5 This is a detailed flowchart of step S5 in a method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 6 This is a detailed flowchart of step S6 in a method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware operating environment of the precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring equipment under complex geological conditions involved in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8 This is a longitudinal block diagram of the actual pipe pile area involved in a method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0061] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of a method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions proposed according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0062] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0063] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the specific scheme of a method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions provided by the present invention.

[0064] Example 1:

[0065] For the method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions provided by this invention, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of the construction quality monitoring method for precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] The method includes:

[0067] Step S1: Determine the reference height of the pile head by using the boundary position between the pile cap and the pile head in the pile head area of ​​multiple pile head images;

[0068] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2 Step S1 includes:

[0069] Step S11: Acquire multiple pile head images during the pipe pile construction process and determine the pile head region in the pile head images;

[0070] In the process of pipe pile construction, in order to improve the real-time detection of construction defects, real-time construction inspection of pipe piles is carried out. During the pile driving process, defects such as pile head damage may occur. In order to clearly obtain the characteristics of pile head damage defects in pipe pile construction, it is necessary to collect complete images of the pile head surface.

[0071] Regarding step S11, in a specific embodiment:

[0072] On the left and right sides of the pile driving area, a stable tripod was used to set up the camera 5 meters away from the pile head, with the lens aimed at the pipe pile. During the pile driving process, an industrial camera was used to shoot at 60 frames per second and then processed into grayscale to obtain several images of the pile head.

[0073] During the construction of pipe piles, the hammering device generates impact energy, which is transferred to the pile cap, thereby driving the pile. The main focus during this process is on the sinking process and real-time status of the pipe pile. Therefore, it is necessary to first acquire images of the pile head.

[0074] In the acquired images of the pile head, the pile head itself is located in the lower middle part of the image, is grayish-white in color, has a uniform texture, and has straight edges.

[0075] First, for the first pile head image, the K-means clustering algorithm is used to cluster the pixels according to their gray values. The K value is obtained by the elbow method, resulting in several clusters. Any region formed by any cluster in the image is denoted as a recognition region. The bounding rectangle of each recognition region is obtained, and the normalized result of the ratio of the length to the width of the bounding rectangle is denoted as the elongation of the recognition region.

[0076] Obtain the normalized result of the grayscale mean of each recognition region, and record it as the grayscale level of the recognition region; multiply the elongation of each recognition region by the grayscale level, and record it as the pile head probability of each recognition region; record the recognition region with the highest pile head probability as the pile head region.

[0077] Step S12: Extract the straight lines at the edge of the pile head area and take the direction of the longest straight line as the extension direction of the pile head area, and take the direction perpendicular to the extension direction as the dividing direction.

[0078] Step S13: Take the two longest straight lines as the two sides of the pile head, and take the area extending upward from the two sides of the pile head as the boundary judgment area.

[0079] Step S14: Use the target row pixels in the boundary judgment area in the boundary distinction direction to determine the straight line of the pile head reference position in the pile head image;

[0080] Step S15: Take the straight line of the pile head reference position as the boundary between the pile cap and the pile head, and take the shortest distance between the straight line of the pile head reference position and the bottom of the pile head image as the pile head reference height.

[0081] Since the first pile head image shows the initial construction moment, the pipe pile is in good condition. Therefore, the pipe pile can be completely segmented according to the above implementation method. However, for the remaining pile head images, after the pipe pile is hammered, the pile head may be damaged. The damage to the pile head will cause the shape of the pile head area to become irregular, and the gray value of the damaged area will change, making the pile head area obtained by the clustering algorithm incomplete.

[0082] The pile head is the most vulnerable point to damage during the construction of precast pipe piles. This is because it is the primary force transmission interface for the pile body to withstand the impact of hammering; the enormous instantaneous impact generated by hammering is first transmitted to the pile head through the pile cap. The depth of pile sinking is determined based on the pile head, so accurate determination of the boundary between the pile head and pile cap is necessary. The pile head area may become difficult to separate due to damage during subsequent hammering, while the pile cap remains intact. Therefore, the actual position of the pile head must be located based on the boundary characteristics between the pile cap and pile head.

[0083] The pile cap is usually located directly above the pile head. It has a dark appearance and a low gray value, which forms a clear gray contrast with the gray-white, uniformly textured concrete pile head.

[0084] In one embodiment, when the pile head image is the first pile head image, step S14 includes:

[0085] Determine the target row pixel in the boundary judgment area in the boundary distinction direction, determine the shortest Euclidean distance between the target row pixel and the pile head area, as well as its target grayscale mean and the downlink grayscale mean of the row pixel below it;

[0086] The degree of boundary of the target row pixels is calculated using the shortest Euclidean distance, the target gray-scale mean, and the downlink gray-scale mean.

[0087] The target row pixels with the highest degree of separation are used as the reference line for the pile head in the first pile head image, and the average gray value of the target row pixels with the highest degree of separation is used as the standard gray value for the pile cap separation.

[0088] In this embodiment, steps S11 to S15 described above will be explained in detail:

[0089] In the first pile head image, for the edge of the pile head area, the Hough line transform is used to extract the straight line, and the direction of the longest straight line is taken as the extension direction of the pile head area. The direction perpendicular to the extension direction is used as the boundary to distinguish the direction.

[0090] The two longest straight lines are taken as the two sides of the pile head, and the area extending upward from the two sides of the pile head is recorded as the boundary judgment area.

[0091] Within the boundary judgment region, for any row (using the first... The row represents the pixels that define the direction of the target row (all pixels in that row belong to the boundary judgment area). The degree of boundary determination of the target row pixels is then obtained.

[0092]

[0093] In the formula, To determine the boundary of the region, the first The degree of division between row pixels; To determine the boundary of the region, the first The shortest Euclidean distance between the row pixel and the pile head region; To determine the boundary of the region, the first The average gray value of the row of pixels below the row of pixels (downward average gray value); To determine the boundary of the region, the first Average gray level of row pixels (target average gray level); It is an exponential function with the natural constant as its base.

[0094] When a row of pixels is close to the pile head area and the difference in grayscale is greater, that row of pixels is more likely to be the boundary between the pile head and the pile cap.

[0095] The average grayscale value of the row of pixels with the highest degree of boundary is recorded as the standard grayscale value of the pile cap boundary; the row of pixels with the highest degree of boundary is recorded as the reference position line of the pile head in the first pile head image. The shortest distance between the reference position line of the pile head and the bottom of the pile head image is recorded as the reference height of the pile head.

[0096] After obtaining the grayscale value of the pile cap at the boundary between the pile cap and the pile head, the specific location of the pile head can be determined based on the standard grayscale value of the pile cap boundary.

[0097] In another embodiment, if the pile head image is not the first pile head image, step S14 includes:

[0098] Determine the target row pixel in the boundary judgment region along the boundary distinction direction, and determine the shortest Euclidean distance between the target row pixel and the pile head region, as well as its target grayscale mean.

[0099] Using the shortest Euclidean distance, the target grayscale mean, and the standard grayscale of the pile cap boundary in the first pile head image, the boundary similarity of the target row pixels is calculated.

[0100] The target row pixel with the highest degree of boundary similarity is used as the straight line of the pile head reference position in the pile head image.

[0101] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the pile head area, boundary judgment area, and boundary differentiation direction are also obtained in each pile head image except for the first one, according to the above implementation process, which will not be repeated here.

[0102] Within the boundary judgment region, for any row (here, the first row) The row represents the pixels (target row pixels) that are used as the boundary to distinguish the direction of the target row (which is not the first pile head image). The similarity of the boundary of the target row pixels is then obtained.

[0103]

[0104] In the formula, To determine the boundary of the region, the first The degree of similarity between the boundaries of row pixels; To determine the boundary of the region, the first The shortest Euclidean distance between the row pixel and the pile head region; To determine the boundary of the region, the first Average gray level of row pixels (target average gray level); The standard grayscale for the pile cap boundary is obtained through the above embodiments and will not be repeated here; () represents normalization, and it also represents normalization in the following formulas.

[0105] The closer the pixel of a certain row dividing the direction is to the pile head area, and the more similar it is to the standard gray level of the pile cap dividing line, the more likely it is to be the dividing position between the pile cap and the pile head.

[0106] The row of pixels with the highest degree of boundary similarity is recorded as the reference line for the pile head in the pile head image.

[0107] The shortest distance between the straight line at the reference position of the pile head and the bottom of the pile head image is recorded as the reference height of the pile head.

[0108] Step S2: Obtain the pile head sinking sequence using the reference height of each pile head, and divide the pile head sinking sequence into segments based on the element descent index between its adjacent elements to obtain the overall height of the pile head in the target segment;

[0109] Specifically, please refer to Figure 3 Step S2 includes:

[0110] Step S21: Arrange the pile head reference height of each pile head image in time sequence to obtain the pile head sinking sequence;

[0111] Step S22: The absolute value of the difference between the target element and its adjacent preceding element in the pile head sinking sequence is used as the element descent index.

[0112] Step S23: At the target element where the element descent index is greater than the preset descent threshold, the pile head sinking sequence is segmented to obtain the overall height of the pile head for multiple target segments.

[0113] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, during the continuous capture of pile head images, the pile head will decrease in height when it is hammered. In order to obtain the change in height before and after each hammering, the image is segmented according to the time of hammering.

[0114] Obtain the reference height of the pile head in each pile head image, arrange them in chronological order, and obtain the pile head sinking sequence;

[0115] For any element in the pile head sinking sequence, obtain the difference between the element and the previous element (the difference is positive and can be the absolute value), and record it as the sinking index of the element. In the pile head sinking sequence, divide the elements into segments with a sinking index greater than 5 (preset sinking threshold, the unit is the number of pixels, which can be adjusted). For any segment (as the target segment), the normalized result of the mean of the elements in the segment is taken as the overall height of the pile head in that segment.

[0116] To better understand the above segmentation process, for example, suppose the pile head sinking sequence is (21,21,21,21,15,15,15,15,7,7,7,7,1,1,1,1), and the segmentation result is: (21,21,21,21); (15,15,15,15); (7,7,7,7); (1,1,1,1). This means that the moment when the degree of decrease of the elements between each segment is greater than a certain value is the moment when the pipe pile sinks.

[0117] Step S3: Calculate the sinking height reduction index of the target segment pile head by using the difference between the overall heights of adjacent segment pile heads.

[0118] During the construction of pipe piles, as the pile cap is continuously hammered, the sinking height of the pipe pile in the strata gradually increases. Initially, the pile body can easily overcome the stratum resistance, and the pile driving speed is relatively fast. As the pile body penetrates deeper and encounters more complex geological layers, such as dense sand layers, pebble layers, or hard clay layers, the resistance encountered by the pile body increases significantly, and the sinking speed gradually slows down. When the hardness of the stratum exceeds the bearing capacity of the pile body, especially when the stratum is uneven or there are sudden changes in local resistance, the hammer impact force cannot be effectively transmitted to the bottom of the pile body. Some energy accumulates in the pile head area, leading to local stress concentration at the pile head, which may eventually cause the pile head to crack.

[0119] Therefore, when the pile head shows a significant decreasing trend in sinking rate, the presence of obvious cracks compared to before the decrease in sinking rate indicates that pile head damage has occurred due to changes in complex geological conditions.

[0120] Specifically, please refer to Figure 4 Step S3 includes:

[0121] Step S31: The absolute value of the difference between the overall height of the pile head of the target segment and its adjacent preceding segment is taken as the sinking height of the target segment.

[0122] Step S32: Take any segment before the target segment as a reference segment, and determine the sinking height of the reference segment and the maximum sinking height between the target segment and the reference segment.

[0123] Step S33: Calculate the sinking height reduction index of the target segment pile head using the sinking height of the target segment, the sinking height of the reference segment, and the maximum sinking height between the target segment and the reference segment.

[0124] In this embodiment, the degree of reduction in the pile head sinking rate is first analyzed.

[0125] For any segment (using the first...) Each segment is represented as the target segment. The difference between the overall height of the pile head of the previous segment and the target segment (a positive value can be taken, or an absolute value) is recorded as the sinking height of the target segment.

[0126] For the The calculation method for the settlement height reduction index of the pile head in each segment is as follows:

[0127]

[0128] In the formula, For the first The index of the decrease in the settlement height of each segmented pile head; For the first The number of segments before each segment; For the first The first segment before the first The sinking height of each segment (as a reference segment); For the first The sinking height of each segmented pile head; For the first The segment is the first one before it. The maximum depression height between segments; This is a function to select the maximum value among the elements in parentheses. It should be noted that "before segmentation" here refers to the order in which the segments are divided according to the aforementioned pile head sinking sequence.

[0129] The larger, the more The segment is the first one before it. There is a significant subsidence height between the segments, if Geological resistance has already appeared in some sections, causing a decrease in the rate of subsidence. The larger the value, the more likely it is to be the first. Each segment is more likely to be a stage in the process of increasing geological resistance than the previous one, making it more comparable.

[0130] Step S4: Determine the actual pipe pile area in the pile head region based on the boundary position, and obtain the texture level of each block based on the pixel points of the edge lines of the actual pipe pile area.

[0131] During the construction of pipe piles, damage typically occurs at the pile head, initially at the end point and gradually spreading downwards as the damage worsens. Therefore, the estimated damage level for each segment is calculated accordingly.

[0132] Specifically, step S4 includes:

[0133] The area below the boundary in the pile head region is taken as the real pipe pile region, and edge detection is performed on the real pipe pile region to obtain multiple edge lines;

[0134] The actual pipe pile area is divided vertically into multiple blocks, and the number of pixels on the edge lines within each block is used as the texture level of each block.

[0135] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal division of the actual pipe pile area involved in a method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0136] For any pile head image, the area below the straight line of the pile head reference position in the boundary judgment area is denoted as the real pipe pile area;

[0137] Canny edge detection was performed on the actual filling area to obtain several edge lines;

[0138] The actual pipe pile area is divided into longitudinal blocks. The length of each block is the cross-sectional diameter of the pipe pile, and the width is preset to 50 (which can be adjusted).

[0139] Get the number of edge line pixels within each block and record it as the texture level of each block.

[0140] Step S5: Use the average texture level of the target segment in the target block to obtain the estimated damage level of the target segment;

[0141] Specifically, please refer to Figure 5 Step S5 includes:

[0142] Step S51: Determine the average texture level of the target segment in its target block, and determine the reference block corresponding to the target block in the first pile head image;

[0143] Step S52: The difference between the average texture level of the target block and the texture level of the reference block is used as the texture enhancement degree of the target block;

[0144] Step S53: Determine the minimum value of the texture increase from the first block to the target block in the target segment, and calculate the estimated damage level of the target segment using the texture increase and the minimum value of the texture increase.

[0145] For any segment (target segment), obtain the pile head image of the target segment from the top down. The average texture level of each block (any block, as the target block);

[0146] The first segment of the target The average texture level of each block is similar to that of the first pile head image. The difference in texture level between the nth blocks (as reference blocks) is denoted as the nth value of the target segment. The degree of texture enhancement in each block;

[0147] No. The estimated damage level of each segment (as the target segment) is calculated as follows:

[0148]

[0149] In the formula, For the first The estimated extent of damage to each segment; For the first The first segment The degree of texture enhancement in each block; For the first The first block of the segment to the first... The minimum value for the degree of texture increase in each block; For the first The number of segments in a segment.

[0150] Since textures extend from top to bottom, a significant increase in texture is only observed in the blocks above the target block. Only when it is larger can it be explained A larger value is due to damage to the pile head, which allows for a more accurate representation of the estimated damage level of the target segment.

[0151] Step S6: Using the sinking height reduction index and the estimated damage level, determine whether the pipe pile rupture is caused by geological reasons.

[0152] During the construction of pipe piles, when geological problems are about to cause damage to the pile head, the sinking speed of the pipe pile will decrease, that is, the sinking height decrease index will increase, and the pile head will gradually show damage, that is, the estimated degree of damage is high. Therefore, the index of pile head damage caused by geological reasons can be judged accordingly.

[0153] Specifically, please refer to Figure 6 Step S6 includes:

[0154] Step S61: Determine the descent sequence consisting of the descent height descent index of all segments and the damage degree sequence consisting of the estimated damage degree.

[0155] Step S62: Determine the second difference value of the elements in the descending sequence and take the element with the largest second difference value as the descending mutation segment of the descending sequence.

[0156] Step S63: Determine the second difference value of the elements in the damage degree sequence and take the element with the largest second difference value as the damage mutation segment of the damage degree sequence;

[0157] Step S64: Determine the segment distance between the descending abrupt change segment and the damage abrupt change segment. Calculate the current geological pile head damage index using the current segment's subsidence height decrease index, the estimated damage level, and the segment distance.

[0158] Step S65: If the current geological pile head damage index is greater than or equal to the preset index threshold, determine that the pipe pile rupture is caused by geological reasons.

[0159] Step S66: If the current geological pile head damage index is less than the preset index threshold, determine that the pipe pile rupture is caused by non-geological reasons.

[0160] In this embodiment, the estimated damage level and the sinking height reduction index are first normalized; a damage level sequence is formed by the estimated damage level of all segments; and a sinking height reduction sequence is formed by the sinking height reduction index of all segments.

[0161] Obtain the second difference value (i.e. the slope of the slope, used to represent the trend of slope increase) of each element in the damage degree sequence, and denote the element with the largest second difference value as the mutation segment of the damage degree sequence (denoted as the damage mutation segment).

[0162] Obtain the second difference value of each element in the descending sequence, and denote the element with the largest second difference value as the mutation segment of the descending sequence (denoted as the descending mutation segment).

[0163] The current method for calculating the geological pile head damage index is as follows:

[0164]

[0165] In the formula, The current geological pile head damage index; The distance between segments (segment distance) of the breakdown mutation segment of the breakdown sequence and the decline mutation segment of the decline sequence. This represents the subsidence height reduction index of the current segment. This represents the estimated damage level of the current segment.

[0166] when The larger the value, the higher the correlation between the degree of pile head damage and the rate of grouting subsidence caused by geological conditions. Geology is currently the dominant factor in pile head damage. When it is larger, at the same time The larger the value, the more it indicates that the pile head has been damaged due to geological reasons.

[0167] When the geological pile head damage index is greater than or equal to 0.7 (preset index threshold, which can be adjusted), it is determined that the pipe pile has broken due to geological reasons, and pile driving is stopped immediately.

[0168] When the geological pile head failure index is less than 0.7, and the estimated failure level of the current segment is greater than 0.7, it is necessary to consider whether the pile head cracking is caused by insufficient vibration damping material or poor quality of the pipe pile.

[0169] This invention uses real-time positioning of the pipe pile via the pile head to accurately determine its location. During the descent of the pile head, geological factors can cause a decrease in the sinking rate, leading to a risk of pile head breakage. This invention obtains the sinking rate decline index and the estimated degree of pile head breakage, and based on the correlation between the two, determines whether the pipe pile breakage is due to geological factors. This allows for precise and efficient identification of the cause of the pile head breakage, which is more conducive to guiding subsequent pipe pile construction and improving construction efficiency and quality.

[0170] Example 2:

[0171] This invention also proposes a quality monitoring device for precast pipe pile construction under complex geological conditions. This device can be a programmable logic controller (PLC), a computer, a server, or a combination of multiple such devices.

[0172] like Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware operating environment of the precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring equipment under complex geological conditions involved in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0173] like Figure 7 As shown, the precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring equipment under complex geological conditions may include: a processor 1001, such as a CPU, a network interface 1004, a user interface 1003, a memory 1005, and a communication bus 1002. The communication bus 1002 is used to enable communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a display or an input unit such as a control panel; optionally, the user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a Wi-Fi interface). The memory 1005 may be a high-speed RAM or a stable, non-volatile memory, such as a disk drive. Optionally, the memory 1005 may also be a storage device independent of the aforementioned processor 1001. The memory 1005, as a computer storage medium, may include a precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring program.

[0174] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 7 The hardware structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the device and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0175] Continue to refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7The memory 1005, which is a computer-readable storage medium, may include an operating system, a user interface module, a network communication module, and a precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring program.

[0176] exist Figure 7 In this embodiment, the network communication module is mainly used to connect to the server and can communicate with the server for data; while the processor 1001 can call the precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring program stored in the memory 1005 and execute the steps in the above embodiments.

[0177] Based on the hardware structure of the precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring equipment under the above-mentioned complex geological conditions, various embodiments of the precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring method under complex geological conditions of the present invention are implemented.

[0178] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring program, wherein when executed by a processor, the precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring program implements the steps of the precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring method under complex geological conditions as described above.

[0179] The method implemented when the precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring program is executed can be referred to in various embodiments of the precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring method under complex geological conditions of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.

[0180] It should be noted that the order of the above embodiments of the present invention is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0181] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0182] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0183] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent structural / method transformations made under the inventive concept of the present invention using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions, characterized in that, The method includes: The reference height of the pile head is determined by using the boundary position between the pile cap and the pile head in the pile head region of multiple pile head images; The pile head sinking sequence is obtained by using the reference height of each pile head. The pile head sinking sequence is then segmented based on the element descent index between its adjacent elements to obtain the overall height of the pile head in the target segment. The sinking height reduction index of the target segment pile head is obtained by using the difference between the overall heights of adjacent segment pile heads; The actual pipe pile area in the pile head region is determined based on the boundary position, and the texture level of each block is obtained by dividing the actual pipe pile area into blocks and determining the pixel points of its edge lines. The estimated damage level of the target segment is obtained by using the average texture level of the target segment in the target block; By using the sinking height reduction index and the estimated damage level, it can be determined whether the pipe pile rupture was caused by geological reasons; The method of determining whether the pipe pile rupture is caused by geological reasons by using the sinking height reduction index and the estimated degree of damage includes: Determine the descent sequence consisting of the descent height descent index of all segments and the damage degree sequence consisting of the estimated damage degree; Determine the second difference value of each element in the descending sequence and take the element with the largest second difference value as the descending mutation segment of the descending sequence; Determine the second-order difference value of each element in the damage severity sequence and take the element with the largest second-order difference value as the damage mutation segment of the damage severity sequence; Determine the segment distance between the descending abrupt change segment and the damage abrupt change segment, and calculate the current geological pile head damage index using the current segment's subsidence height decrease index, the estimated damage degree, and the segment distance; If the current geological pile head damage index is greater than or equal to the preset index threshold, the pipe pile rupture is determined to be caused by geological reasons. If the current geological pile head damage index is less than the preset index threshold, the pile rupture is determined to be caused by non-geological reasons.

2. The method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of determining the reference height of the pile head by utilizing the boundary position between the pile cap and the pile head in multiple pile head images includes: During the construction of pipe piles, multiple pile head images are acquired to determine the pile head region within the pile head images; Extract the straight line at the edge of the pile head area and take the direction of the longest straight line as the extension direction of the pile head area, and take the direction perpendicular to the extension direction as the dividing direction. The two longest straight lines are taken as the two sides of the pile head, and the area extending upward from the two sides of the pile head is taken as the boundary judgment area. By using the target row pixels in the boundary judgment area in the boundary distinction direction, the straight line of the pile head reference position in the pile head image is determined; The straight line at the reference position of the pile head is used as the boundary between the pile cap and the pile head, and the shortest distance between the straight line at the reference position of the pile head and the bottom of the pile head image is used as the reference height of the pile head.

3. The method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the pile head image is the first pile head image, the step of determining the pile head reference position line of the pile head image by utilizing the target row pixels in the boundary judgment area along the boundary distinction direction includes: Determine the target row pixel in the boundary judgment area in the boundary distinction direction, determine the shortest Euclidean distance between the target row pixel and the pile head area, as well as its target grayscale mean and the downlink grayscale mean of the row pixel below it; The degree of boundary of the target row pixels is calculated using the shortest Euclidean distance, the target grayscale mean, and the downlink grayscale mean. The target row pixels with the highest degree of separation are used as the reference line for the pile head in the first pile head image, and the average gray value of the target row pixels with the highest degree of separation is used as the standard gray value for the pile cap separation.

4. The method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the pile head image is not the first pile head image, the step of determining the pile head reference position line of the pile head image by utilizing the target row pixels in the boundary judgment area along the boundary distinction direction includes: Determine the target row pixel in the boundary judgment region along the boundary distinction direction, and determine the shortest Euclidean distance between the target row pixel and the pile head region, as well as its target grayscale mean. Using the shortest Euclidean distance, the target grayscale mean, and the standard grayscale of the pile cap boundary in the first pile head image, the boundary similarity of the target row pixels is calculated. The target row pixel with the highest degree of boundary similarity is used as the straight line of the pile head reference position in the pile head image.

5. The method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining a pile head settlement sequence using reference heights of each pile head, and then segmenting the pile head settlement sequence based on the element descent index between adjacent elements to obtain the overall height of the target segment of the pile head, includes: The pile head sinking sequence is obtained by arranging the pile head reference height of each pile head image in time sequence; The absolute value of the difference between the target element and its adjacent preceding element in the pile head sinking sequence is used as the element descent index. The pile head sinking sequence is segmented at target elements where the element descent index is greater than a preset descent threshold, resulting in the overall pile head height of multiple target segments.

6. The method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of obtaining the settlement height reduction index of the target segment pile head by utilizing the difference in the overall height between adjacent segment pile heads includes: The absolute value of the difference between the overall height of the pile head of the target segment and its adjacent preceding segment is taken as the sinking height of the target segment; Use any segment before the target segment as a reference segment to determine the sinking height of the reference segment and the maximum sinking height between the target segment and the reference segment; The sinking height reduction index of the pile head of the target segment is calculated using the sinking height of the target segment, the sinking height of the reference segment, and the maximum sinking height between the target segment and the reference segment.

7. The method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the actual pipe pile area within the pile head region based on the boundary location, and obtaining the texture level of each block based on the pixel points of the edge lines of the actual pipe pile area, includes: The area below the boundary in the pile head region is taken as the real pipe pile region, and edge detection is performed on the real pipe pile region to obtain multiple edge lines; The actual pipe pile area is divided vertically into multiple blocks, and the number of pixels on the edge lines within each block is used as the texture level of each block.

8. The method for monitoring the construction quality of precast pipe piles under complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of obtaining the estimated damage level of a target segment by utilizing the average texture level of the target segment within the target block includes: Determine the average texture level of the target segment within its target block, and determine the reference block corresponding to the target block in the first pile head image; The difference between the average texture level of the target block and the texture level of the reference block is used as the texture enhancement degree of the target block; Determine the minimum value of the texture increase from the first block to the target block in the target segment, and use the texture increase and the minimum value of the texture increase to calculate the estimated damage level of the target segment.

9. A quality monitoring device for precast pipe pile construction under complex geological conditions, characterized in that, The device includes a processor, a memory, and a precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein when the precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the precast pipe pile construction quality monitoring method under complex geological conditions as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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