Antenna structure

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna structure which is applied to the technical field of antennas. The antenna structure comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiation layer arranged above the dielectric substrate and a metal grounding layer arranged below the dielectric substrate, the radiation layer comprises a first radiation patch and a second radiation patch, and a microstrip line is arranged between the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch and used for connecting the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch; the first radiation patch is electrically connected with the metal grounding layer at a first edge far away from the second radiation patch, and the second radiation patch is electrically connected with the metal grounding layer at a second edge far away from the first radiation patch. According to the antenna structure, the two radiation patches are arranged above the dielectric substrate, the two radiation patches are connected through the microstrip line, and the edges, far away from each other, of the two radiation patches are electrically connected with the metal grounding layer, so that the antenna structure can form a half-mode resonance mode; and the effect of improving the antenna bandwidth is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna structure. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, due to limitations in application areas, antenna structures used in specific applications are required to be as thin and lightweight as possible. For example, antennas used in wearable devices need to be thin and lightweight to ensure wearable comfort and adapt to various bending and folding deformations. However, thin and lightweight antennas suffer from a problem of excessively low antenna profile, which limits antenna bandwidth and thus restricts the application of wearable antennas in broadband communication systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an antenna structure that solves the problem of limited antenna bandwidth due to low antenna profile in existing thin and light antennas.

[0004] One embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna structure, comprising:

[0005] A dielectric substrate, a radiating layer disposed above the dielectric substrate, and a metal grounding layer disposed below the dielectric substrate;

[0006] The radiating layer includes a first radiating patch and a second radiating patch located in different regions of the dielectric substrate. A microstrip line is provided between the first radiating patch and the second radiating patch for connecting the first radiating patch and the second radiating patch.

[0007] The first radiating patch is electrically connected to the metal grounding layer at a first edge away from the second radiating patch, and the second radiating patch is electrically connected to the metal grounding layer at a second edge away from the first radiating patch.

[0008] Optionally, in the antenna structure, the first radiating patch and the second radiating patch are respectively provided with strip-shaped grooves, and the extending direction of the strip-shaped grooves is perpendicular to the extending direction of the microstrip line.

[0009] Optionally, in the antenna structure, a plurality of first through holes are respectively provided along the first edge and the second edge, and the first through holes are respectively connected to the metal ground layer through second through holes on the dielectric substrate, and the first through holes are filled with a conductive dielectric electrically connected to the metal ground layer.

[0010] Optionally, in the antenna structure, the dielectric substrate is made of one or more of polyimide, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, and fabric materials.

[0011] Optionally, in the antenna structure, the thickness of the dielectric substrate is between λ / 20 and λ / 10; where λ is the free-space wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency.

[0012] Optionally, in the antenna structure, the strip grooves on the first radiating patch and the strip grooves on the second radiating patch are arranged symmetrically about the center of the dielectric substrate.

[0013] Optionally, in the antenna structure, the strip groove includes a first groove body that extends along a first direction and is elongated.

[0014] Wherein, at least one end of the first groove is provided with a second groove extending along a second direction; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0015] Optionally, in the antenna structure, the first radiating patch includes a third edge adjacent to the second radiating patch, and the second radiating patch includes a fourth edge adjacent to the first radiating patch;

[0016] The third edge and the fourth edge are respectively provided with recessed portions;

[0017] The first end of the microstrip line is connected to the first radiating patch inside the recess of the third edge, and the second end of the microstrip line is connected to the second radiating patch inside the recess of the fourth edge.

[0018] Optionally, in the antenna structure, a feeding structure is provided on the side of the metal ground layer away from the dielectric substrate, and a probe is provided on the microstrip line; the probe penetrates the microstrip line and the dielectric substrate and connects to the feeding structure.

[0019] Optionally, in the antenna structure, the shape of the first radiating patch and the shape of the second radiating patch are respectively one of a rectangle, a circle, and an ellipse.

[0020] Optionally, in the antenna structure, the shape and size of the first radiating patch are the same as those of the second radiating patch.

[0021] At least one of the above technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The antenna structure described in this embodiment of the invention comprises two radiating patches disposed above a dielectric substrate. The two radiating patches are connected by a microstrip line, and are electrically connected to a metal ground layer at their mutually distant edges. This method enables the antenna structure to form a half-mode resonant mode, thereby improving the antenna bandwidth by utilizing the radiation mode of the half-mode resonant mode. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a planar schematic diagram of the antenna structure described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the antenna structure described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a planar schematic diagram of the antenna structure described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a planar schematic diagram of the antenna structure described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a planar schematic diagram of the antenna structure described in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is one of the simulation diagrams of the antenna structure described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a second simulation diagram of the antenna structure described in the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, the first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0032] To address the problem of limited bandwidth due to low antenna profile in existing thin and light antennas, this invention provides an antenna structure in which two radiating patches are disposed on a dielectric substrate and connected by a microstrip line. The edges of the two radiating patches, which are far apart from each other, are electrically connected to a metal ground layer. This method enables the antenna structure to form a half-mode resonant mode, thereby increasing the antenna bandwidth through the radiation pattern of the half-mode resonant mode.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the antenna structure described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes:

[0034] The dielectric substrate 100, the radiating layer 200 disposed above the dielectric substrate 100, and the metal ground layer 300 disposed below the dielectric substrate 100.

[0035] The radiating layer 200 includes a first radiating patch 210 and a second radiating patch 220 located in different regions of the dielectric substrate 100. A microstrip line 400 is provided between the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220 for connecting the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220.

[0036] The first radiating patch 210 is electrically connected to the metal grounding layer 300 at a first edge 211 away from the second radiating patch 220, and the second radiating patch 220 is electrically connected to the metal grounding layer 300 at a second edge 221 away from the first radiating patch 210.

[0037] Using the antenna structure described in this embodiment, the radiating layer 200 for antenna signal radiation is set as two radiating parts (first radiating patch 210 and second radiating patch 220), and the two radiating parts are electrically connected to the metal ground layer 300 at their mutually distant edges, so that the antenna structure has two resonant frequencies, forming a half-mode resonant radiation mode, thereby improving the antenna bandwidth.

[0038] The antenna structure described in this embodiment of the invention can be applied to thin and light antennas, such as wearable antennas, and can avoid the problem of limited antenna bandwidth even when the antenna profile is low.

[0039] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, a power feeding structure 700 is provided on the side of the metal ground layer 300 away from the dielectric substrate 100, and a probe 600 is provided on the microstrip line 400; the probe 600 penetrates the microstrip line 400 and the dielectric substrate 100 and connects to the power feeding structure 700.

[0040] Using the antenna structure described in this embodiment, the microstrip line 400 connecting the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220 is connected to the feed structure 700 via the probe 600, so that the radio frequency signal on the feed structure 700 can be transmitted to the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220 to generate electromagnetic radiation and enable signal transmission.

[0041] In some embodiments, the dielectric substrate 100 is optionally made of a flexible material, such as one or more of polyimide (PI), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and fabric materials. By using a flexible material to make the dielectric substrate 100, the antenna structure of the embodiments of the present invention is formed as a wearable antenna.

[0042] Optionally, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 100 is between λ / 20 and λ / 10; where λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency.

[0043] In some of these embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first radiating patch 210 includes a third edge 212 adjacent to the second radiating patch 220, and the second radiating patch 220 includes a fourth edge 222 adjacent to the first radiating patch 210.

[0044] Among them, recesses 1 are provided on the third edge 212 and the fourth edge 222 respectively;

[0045] The first end of the microstrip line 400 is connected to the first radiating patch 210 inside the recess 1 of the third edge 212, and the second end of the microstrip line 400 is connected to the second radiating patch 220 inside the recess 1 of the fourth edge 222.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220 are respectively disposed on both sides of the microstrip line 400. The opposite ends of the microstrip line 400 extend into the recess 1 of the third edge 212 and the recess 1 of the fourth edge 222, respectively, and are connected to the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220, forming a structure in which the microstrip line 400 is embeddedly connected to the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220.

[0047] Specifically, in combination Figure 1 As shown, inside the recess 1 of the third edge 212 and the recess 1 of the fourth edge 222, the two opposite end faces of the microstrip line 400 are connected to the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220, respectively. Inside the recess 1, there is a gap between the two opposite edges of the microstrip line 400 along the length direction and the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220, respectively.

[0048] The embedded connection structure between the microstrip line 400 and the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220 respectively ensures a stable connection between the microstrip line 400 and the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220 respectively.

[0049] In this embodiment of the invention, optionally, the first radiating patch 210, the second radiating patch 220 and the microstrip line 400 above the dielectric substrate 100 can be fabricated using the same patterning process, but it is not limited to being fabricated using only the same patterning process, as long as the connection between the microstrip line 400 and the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220 can be achieved.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, optionally, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of first through holes 2 are respectively provided along the first edge 211 and the second edge 221. The first through holes 2 are respectively connected to the metal ground layer 300 through the second through holes on the dielectric substrate 100. The first through holes 2 are filled with a conductive medium electrically connected to the metal ground layer 300.

[0051] By adopting this implementation structure, multiple first through holes 2 are respectively provided at the first edge 211 of the first radiating patch 210 and the second edge 221 of the second radiating patch 220. The first through holes 2 are filled with conductive medium, which can be electrically connected to the metal grounding layer 300, thereby realizing the grounding of the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220.

[0052] Optionally, the plurality of first through holes 2 on the first edge 211 and the second edge 221 are arranged in a row along the respective edges. Optionally, the plurality of first through holes 2 are evenly distributed along the first edge 211 and the second edge 221, and are provided along the entire edge length.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, optionally, the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220 are respectively provided with strip grooves 500, and the extending direction of the strip grooves 500 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the microstrip line 400.

[0054] In this embodiment, by setting strip slots 500 on the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220 respectively, and making the extension direction of the strip slots 500 perpendicular to the extension direction of the microstrip line 400, a new resonant frequency can be introduced based on the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220. In this way, by making the strip slots 500 have a specific structure and shape, the introduced resonant frequency can be made similar to the resonant frequency of the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220, thereby further improving the antenna bandwidth and ensuring that the antenna can obtain a wider impedance bandwidth at a lower profile height.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, the strip groove 500 is formed in the form of a slot on the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220, that is, a slot that penetrates the radiation layer and is strip-shaped is etched at the corresponding position on the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220 to form the strip groove 500.

[0056] Optionally, on the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220, the strip groove 500 extends from one edge to the other along a direction perpendicular to the microstrip line 400, ensuring the effect of introducing a new resonant frequency through the strip groove 500.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, optionally, the shape and size of the strip grooves 500 provided on the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220 can be the same or different, as long as it can ensure that a new resonant frequency is introduced corresponding to the resonant frequencies of the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220 respectively.

[0058] In some embodiments, the stripe 500 on the first radiating patch 210 and the stripe 500 on the second radiating patch 220 are optionally arranged symmetrically about the center of the dielectric substrate 100.

[0059] In other embodiments, the strip groove 500 may optionally include not only a long strip-shaped groove, but also a portion that extends and protrudes relative to the long strip-shaped groove.

[0060] Optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, the strip groove 500 includes:

[0061] A first groove 510 extending along a first direction and in the shape of a long strip;

[0062] Wherein, at least one end of the first groove 510 is provided with a second groove 520 extending along a second direction; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0063] Combination Figure 3 As shown, in this second embodiment, the strip groove 500 on the first radiating patch 210 includes an elongated first groove body 510, and a second groove body 520 is provided at the first end of the first groove body 510, extending towards the second radiating patch 220; the strip groove 500 on the second radiating patch 220 also includes an elongated first groove body 510, and a second groove body 520 is provided at the second end of the first groove body 510, extending towards the first radiating patch 210. The first end of the first groove body 510 on the first radiating patch 210 and the second end of the first groove body 510 on the second radiating patch 220 are mutually distant ends, and the two second groove bodies 520 are arranged to extend relative to each other. With this implementation structure, the strip groove 500 on the first radiating patch 210 and the strip groove 500 on the second radiating patch 220 are respectively formed into an "L" shape, and can be formed into a structure that is centrally symmetrical about the dielectric substrate 100.

[0064] See Figure 4As shown, in the third embodiment, for the strip slot 500 on the first radiation patch 210, it includes a long strip-shaped first slot body 510, and second slot bodies 520 are respectively arranged at both ends of the first slot body 510, and the two second slot bodies 520 respectively extend in the direction close to the second radiation patch 220; for the strip slot 500 on the second radiation patch 220, it includes a long strip-shaped first slot body 510, and second slot bodies 520 are respectively arranged at both ends of the first slot body 510, and the two second slot bodies 520 extend in the direction close to the first radiation patch 210. With this implementation structure, the strip slots 500 on the first radiation patch 210 and the strip slots 500 on the second radiation patch 220 are respectively formed into a "匚" shape, and are formed into a structure symmetrical about the first center line of the dielectric substrate 100; wherein, the first center line is the center line parallel to the extending direction of the first slot body 510.

[0065] Referring to Figure 5 As shown, in the fourth embodiment, for the strip slot 500 on the first radiation patch 210, it includes a long strip-shaped first slot body 510, and second slot bodies 520 are respectively arranged at both ends of the first slot body 510, and the two second slot bodies 520 respectively extend in the direction close to the second radiation patch 220 and in the direction away from the second radiation patch 220; for the strip slot 500 on the second radiation patch 220, it includes a long strip-shaped first slot body 510, and second slot bodies 520 are respectively arranged at both ends of the first slot body 510, and the two second slot bodies 520 respectively extend in the direction close to the first radiation patch 210 and in the direction away from the first radiation patch 210. With this implementation structure, the strip slots 500 on the first radiation patch 210 and the strip slots 500 on the second radiation patch 220 are respectively formed into an inverted "H" shape, and are formed into a structure symmetrical about the first center line of the dielectric substrate 100; wherein, the first center line is the center line parallel to the extending direction of the first slot body 510.

[0066] It should be noted that the structures and shapes of the strip slots 500 on the first radiation patch 210 and the second radiation patch 220 listed above are only for illustrative purposes, and are not specifically limited thereto.

[0067] In the embodiments of the present invention, optionally, the shapes of the first radiation patch 210 and the second radiation patch 220 are respectively one of rectangle, circle and ellipse.

[0068] Optionally, the shape and size of the first radiation patch 210 are respectively the same as the shape and size of the second radiation patch 220.

[0069] Combined with Figures 3 to 5As shown, in embodiments two to four of the present invention, the arrangement of the first radiating patch 210, the second radiating patch 220 and the microstrip line 400 can be the same as in embodiment one, and will not be repeated here.

[0070] Taking the antenna structure shown in Embodiment 4 as an example, simulations are performed on the antenna operating at different frequencies, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the simulation results show that when the antenna structure operates between 5GHz and 6.8GHz, the antenna standing wave ratio can be less than 2, which can provide good standing wave characteristics and thus achieve a wider bandwidth at low profile.

[0071] In another embodiment, by changing the structure and shape of the strip groove 500 on the first radiating patch 210 and the strip groove 500 on the second radiating patch 220, the resonant frequency of the antenna formed by the strip groove 500 can be adjusted so that the resonant frequencies of the first radiating patch 210 and the second radiating patch 220 are far apart, thereby achieving a dual-frequency radiation effect.

[0072] Taking the antenna structure shown in Embodiment 4 as an example, with a suitable structure and shape of the strip slot 500, the antenna structure is simulated to operate at different frequencies, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the antenna structure achieves dual-frequency radiation at 5GHz and 7GHz, and the antenna standing wave ratio is less than 2, exhibiting good standing wave characteristics. This enables dual-frequency radiation on a low profile and also improves bandwidth.

[0073] It should be noted that the structural and dimensional parameters of the first radiating patch 210, the second radiating patch 220, and the strip slot 500 in the antenna structure described in this invention can be obtained through calculation and simulation based on the antenna radiation requirements that the antenna structure needs to meet. No specific structural and dimensional parameters are limited here.

[0074] The antenna structure described in this embodiment of the invention comprises two radiating patches disposed above a dielectric substrate. These two radiating patches are connected by a microstrip line, and their mutually distant edges are electrically connected to a metal ground layer. This method enables the antenna structure to form a half-mode resonant mode, thereby increasing the antenna bandwidth through the radiation pattern of the half-mode resonant mode. The antenna structure described in this embodiment can be applied to broadband low-profile wearable antennas, possessing advantages such as simple structure, low profile, ease of fabrication, and small size, making it suitable for fields such as communications and healthcare.

[0075] The above describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that, include: A dielectric substrate, a radiating layer disposed above the dielectric substrate, and a metal grounding layer disposed below the dielectric substrate; The radiating layer includes a first radiating patch and a second radiating patch located in different regions of the dielectric substrate. A microstrip line is provided between the first radiating patch and the second radiating patch for connecting the first radiating patch and the second radiating patch. The first radiating patch is electrically connected to the metal grounding layer at a first edge away from the second radiating patch, and the second radiating patch is electrically connected to the metal grounding layer at a second edge away from the first radiating patch.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiating patch and the second radiating patch are respectively provided with strip grooves, and the extension direction of the strip grooves is perpendicular to the extension direction of the microstrip line.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of first through holes are respectively provided along the first edge and the second edge. The first through holes are respectively connected to the metal ground layer through second through holes on the dielectric substrate. The first through holes are filled with a conductive medium that is electrically connected to the metal ground layer.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate is made of one or more of polyimide, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, and fabric materials.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the dielectric substrate is between λ / 20 and λ / 10; where λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The strip grooves on the first radiating patch and the strip grooves on the second radiating patch are symmetrically arranged about the center of the dielectric substrate.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that, The strip groove includes a first groove body that extends along a first direction and is elongated in shape; Wherein, at least one end of the first groove is provided with a second groove extending along a second direction; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

8. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiating patch includes a third edge adjacent to the second radiating patch, and the second radiating patch includes a fourth edge adjacent to the first radiating patch; The third edge and the fourth edge are respectively provided with recessed portions; The first end of the microstrip line is connected to the first radiating patch inside the recess of the third edge, and the second end of the microstrip line is connected to the second radiating patch inside the recess of the fourth edge.

9. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A power feeding structure is provided on the side of the metal ground layer away from the dielectric substrate, and a probe is provided on the microstrip line; the probe penetrates the microstrip line and the dielectric substrate and connects to the power feeding structure.

10. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiating patch and the second radiating patch are respectively one of a rectangle, a circle, and an ellipse.

11. The antenna structure according to claim 1 or 10, characterized in that, The shape and size of the first radiating patch are the same as those of the second radiating patch.

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