Regulation and control system and method for cooperative treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas in rice field

Abstract

The invention discloses a regulation and control system and method for synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas in a rice field, and relates to the technical field of agricultural soil remediation. The regulation and control system for cooperative treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas in the rice field comprises a rice field information acquisition module, a material storage, supply and broadcasting module, a liquid storage and drip irrigation module, an equipment intelligent control module and a cooperative control auxiliary module, wherein the rice field information acquisition module is used for acquiring information and transmitting the information to the equipment intelligent control module; the material storing, supplying and broadcasting module is used for storing and broadcasting materials; the liquid storage drip irrigation module is used for mixing the solution and conveying the mixed solution to the rice field; the equipment intelligent control module is used for constructing a control scheme; according to the rice field arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas cooperative control system, mineral materials are adopted for soil treatment, so that the soil environment is improved, the growth and nutritional requirements of rice are guaranteed, and the yield is increased while food safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural soil remediation technology, and more specifically, to a control system and method for the synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas pollution in paddy fields. Background Technology

[0002] Existing paddy field ecosystems are facing the dual environmental pressures of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Environmental geological surveys show that arsenic pollution in paddy field soils is widespread and exceeds standards. Under long-term flooding conditions, arsenate in paddy field soils is easily reduced by microorganisms to arsenite, which is more mobile and toxic. This arsenite is then absorbed and accumulated in the grains through rice roots, ultimately entering the food chain. This accumulation process poses significant health risks; long-term consumption of arsenic-containing rice may cause irreversible damage to the nervous and cardiovascular systems. Notably, flooding management, while exacerbating arsenic activity, also significantly promotes greenhouse gas emissions. Research data indicates that paddy fields contribute 22% of global agricultural methane emissions and 11% of nitrous oxide emissions, accounting for 48% of total greenhouse gas emissions from farmland, thus creating a dual burden of arsenic pollution control and carbon emission reduction.

[0003] Existing technologies often focus on single objectives (such as arsenic reduction or emission reduction) and lack integrated solutions for synergistic control of arsenic bioavailability and greenhouse gases. They also have significant limitations in physicochemical remediation. For example, although lime application can increase pH value to inhibit arsenic activity, the effect is unstable and requires repeated application. Excessive use can also damage soil structure. Passivating agents (such as sepiolite-red mud composite agents) require 200-400 kg per acre, which is costly and has limited effect in heavily polluted areas (arsenic reduction in rice ≤64.7%).

[0004] Furthermore, phytoremediation also faces bottlenecks. For example, hyperaccumulating plants (such as centipede grass) require several years to reduce soil arsenic, have low biomass, and are not suitable for application in cultivated areas. While microbial technology has shown potential in arsenic fixation and carbon reduction (denitrifying bacteria can achieve arsenic fixation efficiency of >90% through nitrate reduction coupled with As(III) oxidation, and methanogenic bacteria can reduce CH4 by 73%), the synergistic treatment has caused contradictions. These solutions have placed a double burden on paddy fields, exacerbating arsenic pollution and carbon emissions. There is an urgent need to develop integrated systems and methods that can synergistically treat arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, have precise and intelligent control capabilities, are easy to operate, and are cost-effective. Currently, no effective solutions have been proposed to address the problems in related technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the problems in related technologies, this invention proposes a control system and method for the synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields, so as to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: According to one aspect of the present invention, a control system for the synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields is provided. The system includes: a paddy field information acquisition module, a material storage, supply and application module, a liquid storage and drip irrigation module, an equipment intelligent control module, and a synergistic control auxiliary module. The paddy field information acquisition module is used to acquire basic information about the paddy field, sensor equipment information and drip irrigation equipment information, and transmit the equipment information to the equipment intelligent control module in real time via wireless communication. As a preferred embodiment, the paddy field information acquisition module includes: a soil sensor module, a meteorological monitoring module, and a rice image acquisition module; The soil sensor module is used to acquire soil arsenic content parameters, redox potential parameters, and temperature and humidity information. The meteorological monitoring module is used to collect rainfall parameters, light parameters, and air temperature parameters of the paddy fields. The rice image acquisition module is used to monitor the growth parameters of rice during its growth period based on image recognition technology, and transmits the growth parameters to the intelligent control module of the equipment via wireless communication.

[0007] The material storage, supply and application module is used to store iron-based mineral materials and manganese-based mineral materials, and is equipped with a feeding and application mechanism for application; As a preferred embodiment, the material storage, supply, and application module includes: a material storage module, a metering and feeding module, and a mechanical application module. The material storage module is used to set up a silo to store iron-based mineral materials and manganese-based mineral materials; The metering and feeding module is used to quantitatively output iron-based mineral materials and manganese-based mineral materials; The mechanical spreading module is used to spread quantitatively output iron-based and manganese-based mineral materials onto the surface of paddy field soil.

[0008] The liquid storage drip irrigation module is used to mix the stored nitrate solution through the nitrate mother liquor storage tank and to set up drip irrigation equipment to deliver the nitrate solution to the paddy field; As a preferred embodiment, the liquid storage drip irrigation module includes: a nitrate mother liquor storage module, a liquid mixing module, a drip irrigation control module, and a delivery pipeline module; The nitrate mother liquor storage module is used to set up a nitrate mother liquor storage tank to store high-concentration nitrate solution; The liquid mixing module is used to set a target mixing ratio of nitrate mother liquor and water based on basic information of paddy fields, and to mix according to the target mixing ratio to form a nitrate solution of the target concentration. The drip irrigation control module is used to adjust the drip irrigation flow rate and irrigation frequency according to the control signal from the equipment intelligent control module; The delivery pipeline module is used to set up drip irrigation pipelines and drip irrigation nozzles according to the basic information of the paddy field, and to drip the mixed nitrate solution into the paddy field area through the paddy field drip irrigation pipelines and drip irrigation nozzles.

[0009] The intelligent control module is used to set up intelligent adjustment equipment for paddy fields and collect historical control information of the equipment. The historical control information of the equipment is combined with the intelligent adjustment equipment for paddy fields to construct a synergistic control scheme for arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction. As a preferred embodiment, the intelligent control module of the equipment includes: a control center module, a data fusion and analysis module, and an arsenic pollution control strategy generation module; The control center module is used to receive basic information about the paddy field, sensor equipment information, and drip irrigation equipment information, and to distribute control commands to other modules. The data fusion and analysis module is used to fuse and analyze basic information of paddy fields, sensor equipment information and equipment control history information, and extract key environmental factors and control variables related to arsenic pollution in paddy fields. As a preferred embodiment, the data fusion and analysis module includes: a data preprocessing module, a feature extraction module, and a correlation analysis module; The data preprocessing module is used to clean and standardize the data, including basic information about paddy fields, sensor equipment information, and historical equipment control information. The feature extraction module is used to extract key environmental features and control variables related to arsenic pollution reduction from basic information of the cleaned paddy field, sensor equipment information and equipment control history information. The correlation analysis module is used to establish a correlation model between key environmental features and control variables based on a multivariate regression analysis algorithm, and to provide analysis results for the arsenic pollution control strategy generation module.

[0010] The arsenic pollution control strategy generation module is used to construct a synergistic control scheme for arsenic pollution reduction and greenhouse effect in paddy fields based on key environmental factors and control variables, and output control parameters and execution instructions to the synergistic control auxiliary module.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the arsenic pollution control strategy generation module includes: a modeling and deduction module and a scheme optimization module; The modeling and deduction unit is used to model and deduce basic information of paddy fields, sensor equipment information and equipment control history information using a multivariate regression analysis algorithm. The scheme optimization module is used to optimize the synergistic control scheme for arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction based on modeling and simulation results.

[0012] The collaborative control auxiliary module is used to adjust the control sensor equipment, drip irrigation equipment, material spreading mechanism and nitrate mother liquor storage tank according to the collaborative control scheme for arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction in paddy fields to regulate the collaborative treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas in paddy fields.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the collaborative control auxiliary module includes: an execution control module, a feedback monitoring module, and a human-computer interaction module; The execution control module is used to perform coordinated control of sensor equipment, drip irrigation equipment, material application mechanism and nitrate mother liquor storage tank according to the arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction coordinated control scheme. The feedback monitoring module is used to monitor the execution results in real time and return the monitoring data to the device intelligent control module for dynamic optimization. As a preferred embodiment, the feedback monitoring module includes: an arsenic content monitoring module, a redox potential monitoring module, and a rice growth monitoring module; The arsenic content monitoring module is used to set up monitoring sensors based on the basic information of the paddy field and monitor the changes in arsenic content in the paddy field soil. The redox potential monitoring module is used to set up redox potential monitoring equipment based on the basic information of the paddy field, and to collect the redox potential of the paddy field water body using redox potential monitoring. The rice growth monitoring module is used to set up rice growth monitoring equipment and, in conjunction with the acquired monitoring image recognition results, dynamically provide feedback on the physiological state of rice during its growth period.

[0014] The human-computer interaction module is used to provide a visual interface for the control scheme and execution process, and to manually intervene in or modify the system parameters.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for the synergistic control of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas pollution in paddy fields is provided, comprising the following steps: S1. Acquire basic information about the paddy field, sensor equipment information, and drip irrigation equipment information, and transmit the equipment information to the intelligent control module of the equipment in real time via wireless communication; S2. Store iron-based and manganese-based mineral materials, and set up a feeding and spreading mechanism for spreading; S3. The stored nitrate solution is mixed in a nitrate mother liquor storage tank, and drip irrigation equipment is installed to deliver the nitrate solution to the paddy field; S4. Set up intelligent adjustment equipment for paddy fields and collect historical control information of the equipment. Combine the historical control information of the equipment with the intelligent adjustment equipment for paddy fields to build a synergistic control scheme for arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction. S5. Adjust the control sensor equipment, drip irrigation equipment, material spreading mechanism and nitrate mother liquor storage tank according to the synergistic control scheme for arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction in paddy fields to regulate the synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas in paddy fields.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention uses iron-based or manganese-based mineral materials to treat the soil, fixing arsenic through adsorption, co-precipitation, and redox reactions, especially oxidizing As(III) to As(V), reducing its bioavailability and decreasing rice's absorption of arsenic. A nitrate-containing solution is then precisely applied to the rice paddy root zone via a drip irrigation system. The nitrate acts as an electron acceptor, inhibiting methanogenic bacteria activity and reducing methane emissions. Simultaneously, it couples with iron / manganese electron acceptors, participating in the complete denitrification process and reducing nitrous oxide emissions. Furthermore, by influencing the soil's redox potential and microbial community, it optimizes arsenic fixation and speciation, promoting stable arsenic deposition. This improves the soil environment, providing superior nutritional conditions for rice growth. The application of nitrates also inhibits greenhouse gas emissions and provides essential nitrogen for rice, contributing to healthy crop growth. Therefore, this invention improves the soil environment, ensures rice growth and nutritional needs, and increases yield while guaranteeing food safety.

[0017] 2. This invention dynamically optimizes the application rate of minerals, the amount of nitrate solution, and the irrigation pattern through real-time data. It avoids the negative effects of single measures through intelligent control and avoids the side effects of single management methods through precise control. It ensures the synergistic benefits of reducing arsenic pollution and suppressing greenhouse gas emissions, and plays a synergistic role. Furthermore, through intelligent control, it precisely applies mineral materials and nitrate solutions, reduces unnecessary chemical inputs, and lowers agricultural production costs. This invention optimizes the soil environment, reduces environmental risks (such as nitrate leaching), improves water management efficiency, and reduces the amount of mineral materials and nitrates used, thereby reducing potential environmental risks. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of a control system for the synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for the synergistic control of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the mineral material combination in a control system for the synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a reference diagram of decision rules in a control system for the synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the picture: 1. Paddy field information acquisition module; 2. Material storage, supply and application module; 3. Liquid storage and drip irrigation module; 4. Equipment intelligent control module; 5. Collaborative control auxiliary module. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0023] According to embodiments of the present invention, a control system and method for the synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields are provided.

[0024] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. According to one embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, according to one aspect of the present invention, a control system for the synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields is provided. The system includes: a paddy field information acquisition module 1, a material storage, supply and application module 2, a liquid storage and drip irrigation module 3, an equipment intelligent control module 4, and a synergistic control auxiliary module 5. The paddy field information acquisition module 1 is used to acquire basic information about the paddy field, sensor equipment information and drip irrigation equipment information, and transmit the equipment information to the equipment intelligent control module 4 in real time via wireless communication. As a preferred embodiment, the paddy field information acquisition module 1 includes: a soil sensor module, a meteorological monitoring module, and a rice image acquisition module; The soil sensor module is used to acquire soil arsenic content parameters, redox potential parameters, and temperature and humidity information. Specifically, arsenic content sensors (such as voltammetric sensors or portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometers) are used to determine the available arsenic content in the soil in situ. Soil Eh values ​​are monitored using redox potential electrodes, and soil temperature and humidity data are collected using a temperature and humidity composite sensor. All sensors are networked via IoT nodes, transmitting data in real time to an intelligent control platform. The data is processed by a data fusion module to generate control parameters, providing data support for decisions regarding mineral application and nitrate drip irrigation. A periodic sampling strategy (e.g., sampling every 4 hours) is employed, with increased monitoring frequency during key rice growth stages (such as tillering and heading stages) to ensure data timeliness. Simultaneously, environmental parameters such as rainfall and sunlight obtained from meteorological stations are used to predict arsenic activation risk and greenhouse gas emission potential through machine learning models, enabling predictive regulation. Basic information obtained from paddy fields includes total soil arsenic, available arsenic, pH, organic matter, and soil sand content.

[0025] The meteorological monitoring module is used to collect rainfall parameters, light parameters, and air temperature parameters of the paddy fields. The rice image acquisition module is used to monitor the growth parameters of rice during its growth period based on image recognition technology, and transmits the growth parameters to the intelligent control module 4 of the equipment via wireless communication.

[0026] The material storage, supply and application module 2 is used to store iron-based mineral materials and manganese-based mineral materials, and is equipped with a feeding and application mechanism for application. As a preferred embodiment, the material storage, supply, and application module 2 includes: a material storage module, a metering and feeding module, and a mechanical application module. The material storage module is used to set up a silo to store iron-based mineral materials and manganese-based mineral materials; Specifically, the silo can also store iron-based or manganese-based mineral powders according to usage requirements, such as premixed ferrous sulfate / lime powder, modified iron-sulfur mineral powder, manganese nitrate, and iron- or manganese-containing biochar composite materials. The metering and feeding module is used to quantitatively output iron-based mineral materials and manganese-based mineral materials; Specifically, the metering and feeding module is equipped with several existing metering and feeding devices to precisely control the amount of material applied.

[0027] The mechanical spreading module is used to spread quantitatively output iron-based and manganese-based mineral materials onto the surface of paddy field soil.

[0028] Specifically, 3 to 7 days before transplanting, the control system selects and calculates the type and quality of basal minerals / nitrates based on soil arsenic data, and mixes them into the 0 to 20 cm soil layer by rotary tillage. The mechanical spreading module is equipped with several spreading mechanisms, such as pneumatic conveying nozzles or mechanical spreading discs, and can be mounted on agricultural machinery or drones to achieve precise variable spreading.

[0029] The liquid storage drip irrigation module 3 is used to mix the stored nitrate solution through the nitrate mother liquor storage tank and to set up drip irrigation equipment to deliver the nitrate solution to the paddy field; As a preferred embodiment, the liquid storage drip irrigation module 3 includes: a nitrate mother liquor storage module, a liquid mixing module, a drip irrigation control module, and a delivery pipeline module; The nitrate mother liquor storage module is used to set up a nitrate mother liquor storage tank to store high-concentration nitrate solution; The liquid mixing module is used to set a target mixing ratio of nitrate mother liquor and water based on basic information of paddy fields, and to mix according to the target mixing ratio to form a nitrate solution of the target concentration. Specifically, based on basic information about the paddy field (including soil type, rice growth stage, soil arsenic content, redox potential, temperature, and humidity), a target mixing ratio of nitrate mother liquor and water is set. Then, the current soil environment data is obtained through a real-time data monitoring module, and combined with historical data and weather forecasts, the target mixing ratio is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the concentration of the nitrate solution meets the current needs of the paddy field. After the target mixing ratio is set, the flow rate of the nitrate mother liquor pump and the water pump is automatically controlled by the intelligent control module to mix according to the set ratio to form a nitrate solution of the target concentration. The mixed solution is then precisely applied to the root zone of the paddy field through a drip irrigation system to ensure uniform distribution and efficient utilization of nitrate.

[0030] The drip irrigation control module is used to adjust the drip irrigation flow rate and irrigation frequency according to the control signal of the equipment intelligent control module 4; The delivery pipeline module is used to set up drip irrigation pipelines and drip irrigation nozzles according to the basic information of the paddy field, and to drip the mixed nitrate solution into the paddy field area through the paddy field drip irrigation pipelines and drip irrigation nozzles.

[0031] Specifically, the delivery pipeline module consists of a main pipe, branch pipes, capillary pipes, and drippers.

[0032] The intelligent control module 4 is used to set up intelligent adjustment equipment for paddy fields and collect historical control information of the equipment. The historical control information of the equipment is combined with the intelligent adjustment equipment for paddy fields to construct a synergistic control scheme for arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction. As a preferred embodiment, the intelligent control module 4 of the equipment includes: a control center module, a data fusion and analysis module, and an arsenic pollution control strategy generation module; The control center module is used to receive basic information about the paddy field, sensor equipment information, and drip irrigation equipment information, and to distribute control commands to other modules. The data fusion and analysis module is used to fuse and analyze basic information of paddy fields, sensor equipment information and equipment control history information, and extract key environmental factors and control variables related to arsenic pollution in paddy fields. As a preferred embodiment, the data fusion and analysis module includes: a data preprocessing module, a feature extraction module, and a correlation analysis module; The data preprocessing module is used to clean and standardize the data, including basic information about paddy fields, sensor equipment information, and historical equipment control information. The feature extraction module is used to extract key environmental features and control variables related to arsenic pollution reduction from basic information of the cleaned paddy field, sensor equipment information and equipment control history information. Specifically, the basic information of the cleaned paddy fields (such as soil type, pH value, organic matter content, historical arsenic pollution, etc.), sensor equipment information (such as soil temperature and humidity sensor data, redox potential sensor data, arsenic content sensor data, etc.), and equipment control history information (such as mineral application amount, nitrate solution application amount, drip irrigation duration, irrigation mode, etc.) are standardized to eliminate noise and outliers in the data and ensure the accuracy of subsequent analysis.

[0033] Through time series analysis and feature engineering, environmental features related to arsenic pollution reduction were extracted, including: Soil redox potential (Eh): It affects the speciation and stability of arsenic and is a key factor in arsenic pollution control.

[0034] Soil temperature and humidity data directly affect the solubility and bioavailability of arsenic, and adjustments to the wetting / drying mode may affect the release and fixation of arsenic.

[0035] Arsenic content changes: This includes arsenic concentration data at different time points in paddy fields, reflecting the reduction effect of measures such as mineral application and nitrate drip irrigation on arsenic pollution.

[0036] Soil pH and organic matter content affect the adsorption capacity of mineral materials for arsenic and their bioavailability.

[0037] Based on the equipment control history information, key control variables are extracted, including: Mineral application rate and timing: The frequency, amount, and timing of mineral application directly affect the arsenic fixation effect.

[0038] Nitrate solution application rate and drip irrigation mode: The application rate of nitrate solution and drip irrigation mode (such as wet or dry irrigation) are adjusted through an intelligent control module to optimize greenhouse gas emission control and arsenic stability.

[0039] Irrigation duration and cycle: directly related to soil moisture, which in turn affects the migration and deposition of arsenic.

[0040] The above environmental characteristics and control variables are modeled using a multiple regression analysis algorithm to predict the reduction effect of arsenic pollution under different operating conditions. By training the model, the features and variables most relevant to arsenic pollution reduction are extracted to form an accurate decision support system.

[0041] The correlation analysis module is used to establish a correlation model between key environmental features and control variables based on a multivariate regression analysis algorithm, and to provide analysis results for the arsenic pollution control strategy generation module.

[0042] Specifically, a correlation model between key environmental features and control variables was established using multivariate regression analysis algorithms. This model provides analytical results for the arsenic pollution control strategy generation module. Data preprocessing and feature engineering were performed on basic information of paddy fields, sensor data, and equipment control history to select key environmental features (such as soil redox potential, temperature, humidity, and pH) and control variables (such as mineral application rate and nitrate application rate) influencing arsenic pollution reduction. Then, multivariate regression models (such as linear regression and ridge regression) were used to analyze the impact of each variable on the arsenic pollution reduction effect. The most relevant variables were determined through regression coefficients and significance tests. Finally, the model results were used to provide dynamic adjustment parameters for the arsenic pollution control strategy, optimizing mineral application and nitrate application, reducing excessive input, maximizing the arsenic pollution reduction effect, and providing better environmental conditions for rice growth.

[0043] The arsenic pollution control strategy generation module is used to construct a synergistic control scheme for arsenic pollution reduction and greenhouse effect in paddy fields based on key environmental factors and control variables, and output control parameters and execution instructions to the synergistic control auxiliary module 5.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, the arsenic pollution control strategy generation module includes: a modeling and deduction module and a scheme optimization module; The modeling and deduction unit is used to model and deduce basic information of paddy fields, sensor equipment information and equipment control history information using a multivariate regression analysis algorithm. Specifically, basic information on paddy fields, sensor data, and historical data from equipment control are integrated, and data preprocessing is performed (such as filling missing values, removing outliers, and standardization). Next, the effect of arsenic pollution reduction is selected as the target variable. Key environmental characteristics and control variables affecting arsenic pollution control are screened, such as soil redox potential, humidity, and mineral application rate. A regression model is constructed, and linear regression is used to generate regression coefficients for each input variable, revealing its impact on the target variable. The model is optimized through cross-validation and evaluation indicators to ensure its accuracy. Finally, the trained model is used to extrapolate and predict the effects of different management strategies, providing data support and scientific basis for optimizing arsenic pollution control strategies.

[0045] The scheme optimization module is used to optimize the synergistic control scheme for arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction based on modeling and simulation results.

[0046] The collaborative control auxiliary module 5 is used to adjust the control sensor equipment, drip irrigation equipment, material spreading mechanism and nitrate mother liquor storage tank according to the collaborative control scheme for arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction in paddy fields to regulate the collaborative treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas in paddy fields.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, the collaborative control auxiliary module 5 includes: an execution control module, a feedback monitoring module, and a human-computer interaction module; The execution control module is used to perform coordinated control of sensor equipment, drip irrigation equipment, material application mechanism and nitrate mother liquor storage tank according to the arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction coordinated control scheme. The feedback monitoring module is used to monitor the execution results in real time and return the monitoring data to the device intelligent control module 4 for dynamic optimization. As a preferred embodiment, the feedback monitoring module includes: an arsenic content monitoring module, a redox potential monitoring module, and a rice growth monitoring module; The arsenic content monitoring module is used to set up monitoring sensors based on the basic information of the paddy field and monitor the changes in arsenic content in the paddy field soil. The redox potential monitoring module is used to set up redox potential monitoring equipment based on the basic information of the paddy field, and to collect the redox potential of the paddy field water body using redox potential monitoring. The rice growth monitoring module is used to set up rice growth monitoring equipment and, in conjunction with the acquired monitoring image recognition results, dynamically provide feedback on the physiological state of rice during its growth period.

[0048] The human-computer interaction module is used to provide a visual interface for the control scheme and execution process, and to manually intervene in or modify the system parameters.

[0049] According to another aspect of the invention, such as Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a method for the synergistic control of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas emissions in paddy fields, comprising the following steps: S1. Acquire basic information about the paddy field, sensor equipment information, and drip irrigation equipment information, and transmit the equipment information to the intelligent control module 4 in real time via wireless communication; S2. Store iron-based and manganese-based mineral materials, and set up a feeding and spreading mechanism for spreading; S3. The stored nitrate solution is mixed in a nitrate mother liquor storage tank, and drip irrigation equipment is installed to deliver the nitrate solution to the paddy field; S4. Set up intelligent adjustment equipment for paddy fields and collect historical control information of the equipment. Combine the historical control information of the equipment with the intelligent adjustment equipment for paddy fields to build a synergistic control scheme for arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction. S5. Adjust the control sensor equipment, drip irrigation equipment, material spreading mechanism and nitrate mother liquor storage tank according to the synergistic control scheme for arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction in paddy fields to regulate the synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas in paddy fields.

[0050] In summary, by employing the above-mentioned technical solutions of this invention, the present invention uses iron-based or manganese-based mineral materials for soil treatment, and fixes arsenic through adsorption, co-precipitation, and redox reactions, especially oxidizing As(III) to As(V), reducing its bioavailability and decreasing the absorption of arsenic by rice. A nitrate-containing solution is then precisely applied to the root zone of the paddy field via a drip irrigation system. The nitrate acts as an electron acceptor, inhibiting methanogenic bacteria activity and reducing methane emissions. Simultaneously, it couples with iron / manganese electron acceptors to participate in the complete denitrification process, reducing nitrous oxide emissions. Furthermore, by influencing the soil's redox potential and microbial community, the fixation and speciation of arsenic are optimized, promoting stable arsenic deposition. This improves the soil environment, providing superior nutritional conditions for rice growth. The application of nitrates also inhibits greenhouse gas emissions and provides essential nitrogen sources for rice, contributing to healthy crop growth. Therefore, this invention improves the soil environment, ensures the growth and nutritional needs of rice, and increases yield while guaranteeing food safety.

[0051] Furthermore, this invention dynamically optimizes the application rate of minerals, the amount of nitrate solution, and the irrigation pattern through real-time data. It avoids the negative effects that may result from a single measure through intelligent control and avoids the side effects of a single management approach through precise control. This ensures the synergistic benefits of reducing arsenic pollution and suppressing greenhouse gas emissions, achieving a synergistic effect. Moreover, through intelligent control, the precise application of mineral materials and nitrate solutions reduces unnecessary chemical inputs and lowers agricultural production costs. This invention optimizes the soil environment, reduces environmental risks (such as nitrate leaching), improves water management efficiency, and reduces the amount of mineral materials and nitrates used, thereby reducing potential environmental risks.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control system for the synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields, characterized in that, The system includes: a paddy field information acquisition module, a material storage, supply and application module, a liquid storage and drip irrigation module, an equipment intelligent control module, and a collaborative control auxiliary module; The paddy field information acquisition module is used to acquire basic information about the paddy field, sensor equipment information and drip irrigation equipment information, and transmit the equipment information to the equipment intelligent control module in real time via wireless communication. The material storage, supply and application module is used to store iron-based mineral materials and manganese-based mineral materials, and is equipped with a material supply and application mechanism for application. The liquid storage drip irrigation module is used to mix the stored nitrate solution through the nitrate mother liquor storage tank and to set up drip irrigation equipment to deliver the nitrate solution to the paddy field; The intelligent control module is used to set up intelligent adjustment equipment for paddy fields and collect historical control information of the equipment. The historical control information of the equipment is combined with the intelligent adjustment equipment for paddy fields to construct a synergistic control scheme for arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction. The collaborative control auxiliary module is used to adjust the control sensor equipment, drip irrigation equipment, feeding and spreading mechanism, and nitrate mother liquor storage tank according to the collaborative control scheme for arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction in paddy fields, thereby regulating the collaborative treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas in paddy fields.

2. The control system for synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields according to claim 1, characterized in that, The paddy field information acquisition module includes: a soil sensor module, a meteorological monitoring module, and a rice image acquisition module; The soil sensor module is used to acquire soil arsenic content parameters, redox potential parameters, and temperature and humidity information. The meteorological monitoring module is used to collect rainfall parameters, light parameters, and air temperature parameters of the paddy fields. The rice image acquisition module is used to monitor the growth parameters of rice during its growth period based on image recognition technology, and transmits the growth parameters to the intelligent control module of the equipment via wireless communication.

3. The control system for synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material storage, supply, and application module includes: a material storage module, a metering and feeding module, and a mechanical application module. The material storage module is used to set up a silo to store iron-based mineral materials and manganese-based mineral materials; The metering and feeding module is used to quantitatively output iron-based mineral materials and manganese-based mineral materials; The mechanical spreading module is used to spread quantitatively output iron-based and manganese-based mineral materials onto the surface of paddy field soil.

4. The control system for synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid storage drip irrigation module includes: a nitrate mother liquor storage module, a liquid mixing module, a drip irrigation control module, and a delivery pipeline module; The nitrate mother liquor storage module is used to set up a nitrate mother liquor storage tank to store high-concentration nitrate solution; The liquid mixing module is used to set a target mixing ratio of nitrate mother liquor and water based on basic information of paddy fields, and to mix according to the target mixing ratio to form a nitrate solution of the target concentration. The drip irrigation control module is used to adjust the drip irrigation flow rate and irrigation frequency according to the control signal from the equipment intelligent control module; The delivery pipeline module is used to set up drip irrigation pipelines and drip irrigation nozzles according to the basic information of the paddy field, and to drip the mixed nitrate solution into the paddy field area through the paddy field drip irrigation pipelines and drip irrigation nozzles.

5. The control system for synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control module of the equipment includes: a control center module, a data fusion and analysis module, and an arsenic pollution control strategy generation module; The control center module is used to receive basic information about the paddy field, sensor equipment information, and drip irrigation equipment information, and to distribute control commands to other modules. The data fusion and analysis module is used to fuse and analyze basic information of paddy fields, sensor equipment information and equipment control history information, and extract key environmental factors and control variables related to arsenic pollution in paddy fields. The arsenic pollution control strategy generation module is used to construct a synergistic control scheme for arsenic pollution reduction and greenhouse effect in paddy fields based on key environmental factors and control variables, and output control parameters and execution instructions to the synergistic control auxiliary module.

6. The control system for synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collaborative control auxiliary module includes: an execution control module, a feedback monitoring module, and a human-computer interaction module; The execution control module is used to perform linkage control on sensor equipment, drip irrigation equipment, feeding and spreading mechanism and nitrate mother liquor storage tank according to the arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction coordinated control scheme. The feedback monitoring module is used to monitor the execution results in real time and return the monitoring data to the device intelligent control module for dynamic optimization. The human-computer interaction module is used to provide a visual interface for the control scheme and execution process, and to manually intervene in or modify the system parameters.

7. The control system for synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields according to claim 6, characterized in that, The feedback monitoring module includes: an arsenic content monitoring module, a redox potential monitoring module, and a rice growth monitoring module; The arsenic content monitoring module is used to set up monitoring sensors based on the basic information of the paddy field and monitor the changes in arsenic content in the paddy field soil. The redox potential monitoring module is used to set up redox potential monitoring equipment based on the basic information of the paddy field, and to collect the redox potential of the paddy field water body using redox potential monitoring. The rice growth monitoring module is used to set up rice growth monitoring equipment and, in conjunction with the acquired monitoring image recognition results, dynamically provide feedback on the physiological state of rice during its growth period.

8. The control system for synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields according to claim 5, characterized in that, The data fusion and analysis module includes: a data preprocessing module, a feature extraction module, and a correlation analysis module; The data preprocessing module is used to clean and standardize the data, including basic information about paddy fields, sensor equipment information, and historical equipment control information. The feature extraction module is used to extract key environmental features and control variables related to arsenic pollution reduction from basic information of the cleaned paddy field, sensor equipment information and equipment control history information. The correlation analysis module is used to establish a correlation model between key environmental features and control variables based on a multivariate regression analysis algorithm, and to provide analysis results for the arsenic pollution control strategy generation module.

9. The control system for synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields according to claim 5, characterized in that, The arsenic pollution control strategy generation module includes: a modeling and deduction module and a scheme optimization module; The modeling and deduction module is used to model and deduce basic information of paddy fields, sensor equipment information and equipment control history information using a multivariate regression analysis algorithm. The scheme optimization module is used to optimize the synergistic control scheme for arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction based on modeling and simulation results.

10. A method for the synergistic control of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields, used to implement the control system for the synergistic control of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gases in paddy fields as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Acquire basic information about the paddy field, sensor equipment information, and drip irrigation equipment information, and transmit the equipment information to the intelligent control module of the equipment in real time via wireless communication; S2. Store iron-based and manganese-based mineral materials, and set up a feeding and spreading mechanism for spreading; S3. The stored nitrate solution is mixed in a nitrate mother liquor storage tank, and drip irrigation equipment is installed to deliver the nitrate solution to the paddy field; S4. Set up intelligent adjustment equipment for paddy fields and collect historical control information of the equipment. Combine the historical control information of the equipment with the intelligent adjustment equipment for paddy fields to build a synergistic control scheme for arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction. S5. Adjust the control sensor equipment, drip irrigation equipment, feeding and spreading mechanism and nitrate mother liquor storage tank according to the synergistic control scheme for arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas reduction in paddy fields to regulate the synergistic treatment of arsenic pollution and greenhouse gas in paddy fields.

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