Forging process of high-temperature alloy

Abstract

The invention provides a high-temperature alloy forging process which comprises the following steps: S1, taking an alloy cast ingot smelted by a smelting process, and cutting the alloy cast ingot to a required size to obtain an alloy blank, S2, removing defects such as oxide skin and slag inclusion on the surface of the cast ingot through a turning machine tool, S3, slowly heating to 400-600 DEG C through a heating device, and carrying out heat treatment on the cast ingot to obtain the high-temperature alloy. After the temperature is increased to 600-900 DEG C through acceleration, the temperature is increased to 1000 DEG C and kept for 2 hours, and then the temperature is increased to 1150 DEG C and kept for 1 hour. According to the forging process of the high-temperature alloy, when an alloy blank is heated by a heating device, the temperature is slowly increased to 400-600 DEG C, so that a cast ingot is prevented from cracking due to thermal stress, the temperature is increased to 600-900 DEG C in an accelerated mode, the heat preservation time is shortened, surface oxidation is reduced, the temperature is increased to 1000 DEG C and preserved for 2 hours, then the temperature is increased to 1150 DEG C and preserved for 1 hour, and the high-temperature alloy is obtained. Therefore, stress concentration caused by large temperature difference between the surface and the core of the workpiece during forging is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-temperature alloy forging, and more particularly to a forging process for high-temperature alloys. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature alloys are metallic materials based on iron, nickel, and cobalt that can work for a long time at high temperatures above 600°C and under certain stress. They have excellent high-temperature strength, good resistance to oxidation and hot corrosion, good fatigue performance, fracture toughness, and other comprehensive properties. They are also known as "superalloys" and are mainly used in the aerospace and energy fields.

[0003] High-temperature alloys have slow heat transfer, resulting in a large temperature difference between the workpiece surface and core during forging. This leads to stress concentration. When the stress exceeds the material's fracture strength, microcracks will appear on the surface. Meanwhile, if the stress distribution is uneven during deformation of the high-temperature core area, voids may be generated due to local over-deformation.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a forging process for high-temperature alloys to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a forging process for high-temperature alloys, which solves the problem of slow heat transfer in current high-temperature alloys and large temperature difference between the workpiece surface and core during forging, resulting in stress concentration.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a forging process for high-temperature alloys, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Take the alloy ingot after it has been smelted by the smelting process, cut the alloy ingot to the required size to obtain the alloy billet;

[0008] S2: Remove defects such as oxide scale and inclusions from the surface of the ingot using a lathe.

[0009] S3: After slowly raising the temperature to 400-600℃ through the heating device, then accelerating the temperature to 600-900℃, then heating to 1000℃ and holding for 2 hours, then raising it to 1150℃ and holding for 1 hour.

[0010] S4: The billet is placed into the cavity of the forging die and uplifted and drawn into a forging by a 1250T press. After water quenching at room temperature, it is immediately subjected to re-aging treatment, which is carried out at a heating rate of 10-15℃ / h to 700-830℃ and held for 2-6 hours to complete the first forging stage.

[0011] S5: The forging is then heated to 1100-1160℃, placed back into the cavity of the forging mold, and then upsetting using a 1250T press. It is then widened, elongated, and shaped to the required size. After forging, it is solution treated at 820-850℃ for 6-10 hours, air-cooled to room temperature, nitrided, and then annealed at 650-800℃ for 50 seconds. After storage, the forging of the high-temperature alloy is completed.

[0012] Preferably, the heating device has a storage rack inside, and a mounting bracket is fixedly installed on one side of the heating device.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the mounting frame is provided with a guide device, which includes a guide rail and a guide block. The bottom of the guide rail is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting frame, and the guide block is slidably connected to the surface of the guide rail.

[0014] Preferably, the mounting frame is provided with a moving device inside, and the output end of the moving device is fixedly mounted on the moving frame. The moving device is used to drive the moving frame to move.

[0015] Preferably, the moving device includes a threaded rod, a threaded block, and a servo motor. The threaded rod is rotatably connected to the interior of the mounting frame, the threaded block is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod, and the servo motor is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting frame, with its output end connected to one end of the threaded rod via a coupling.

[0016] Preferably, the movable frame is provided with a fixing device inside. The fixing device includes a fixing groove, two fixing pins and a fixing spring. The fixing groove is opened inside the movable frame. The two fixing pins are slidably connected inside the fixing groove. The fixing spring is disposed inside the fixing groove and located between the two fixing pins.

[0017] Preferably, the fixing device further includes a slot and two recessed slots, the slot being formed inside the storage rack, and both recessed slots being formed inside the storage rack.

[0018] Preferably, the guide block has multiple vibration holes inside, and multiple vibration blocks are fixedly connected to the surface of the guide rail.

[0019] Preferably, a reset component is fixedly connected to the surface of the guide rail, and a pressing plate is fixedly connected to one end of the reset component.

[0020] Preferably, the reset element is a spring sheet, one end of which is fixedly connected to the surface of the guide rail, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top of the pressing plate.

[0021] Compared with related technologies, the forging process for high-temperature alloys provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] This invention provides a forging process for high-temperature alloys. When heating the alloy billet in a heating device, the temperature is first slowly increased to 400-600℃ to avoid cracking of the ingot due to thermal stress. Then, the temperature is accelerated to 600-900℃ to shorten the holding time and reduce surface oxidation. The temperature is then raised to 1000℃ and held for 2 hours, followed by raising it to 1150℃ and holding for 1 hour to ensure that the core temperature is consistent with the surface temperature. This prevents stress concentration caused by a large temperature difference between the workpiece surface and core during forging. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first embodiment of a forging process for a high-temperature alloy provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the heating device.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of part A shown below;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of section B is shown below;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second embodiment of a forging process for a high-temperature alloy provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the guide block;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The enlarged schematic diagram of section C is shown.

[0030] The diagram labels are as follows: 1. Heating device; 2. Mounting bracket; 3. Guide device; 31. Guide rail; 32. Guide block; 4. Moving device; 41. Threaded rod; 42. Threaded block; 43. Servo motor; 5. Moving frame; 6. Fixing device; 61. Fixing groove; 62. Fixing pin; 63. Fixing spring; 64. Slot; 65. Concealed groove.

[0031] 7. Storage rack,

[0032] 8. Vibration hole, 9. Vibration block, 10. Reset component, 11. Pressing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] First Embodiment

[0035] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 ,in, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first embodiment of a forging process for a high-temperature alloy provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the heating device. Figure 3 for Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of part A shown below; Figure 4 for Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of part B is shown. A forging process for a high-temperature alloy, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0036] S1: Take the alloy ingot after it has been smelted by the smelting process, cut the alloy ingot to the required size to obtain the alloy billet;

[0037] S2: Remove defects such as oxide scale and inclusions from the surface of the ingot using a lathe.

[0038] S3: After slowly raising the temperature to 400-600℃ through heating device 1, then accelerating the temperature to 600-900℃, then heating to 1000℃ and holding for 2 hours, then raising the temperature to 1150℃ and holding for 1 hour.

[0039] S4: The billet is placed into the cavity of the forging die and uplifted and drawn into a forging by a 1250T press. After water quenching at room temperature, it is immediately subjected to re-aging treatment, which is carried out at a heating rate of 10-15℃ / h to 700-830℃ and held for 2-6 hours to complete the first forging stage.

[0040] S5: The forging is then heated to 1100-1160℃, placed back into the cavity of the forging mold, and then upsetting using a 1250T press. It is then widened, elongated, and shaped to the required size. After forging, it is solution treated at 820-850℃ for 6-10 hours, air-cooled to room temperature, nitrided, and then annealed at 650-800℃ for 50 seconds. After storage, the forging of the high-temperature alloy is completed.

[0041] In step 3, the temperature is slowly increased to 400-600℃ at 5-10℃ / min, and then accelerated to 600-900℃ at 10-15℃ / min.

[0042] The heating device 1 has a storage rack 7 inside, and a mounting rack 2 is fixedly installed on one side of the heating device 1.

[0043] The heating device 1 is a box-type resistance furnace. Two guide rails 31 are fixedly installed inside the heating device 1. Guide blocks 32 are slidably connected to the surfaces of the two guide rails 31. The two sides of the storage rack 7 are respectively fixedly connected to one side of the two guide blocks 32 on the surfaces of the two guide rails 31 inside the heating device 1.

[0044] At the same time, when the storage rack 7 moves to one side, it drives the two guide blocks 32 to move to one side on the surfaces of the two guide rails 31 inside the heating device 1, so that the two guide blocks 32 move to the surfaces of the two guide rails 31 at the top of the mounting rack 2.

[0045] The top of the mounting bracket 2 is provided with a guide device 3, which includes a guide rail 31 and a guide block 32. The bottom of the guide rail 31 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting bracket 2, and the guide block 32 is slidably connected to the surface of the guide rail 31.

[0046] The mounting frame 2 is equipped with a moving device 4 inside, and a moving frame 5 is fixedly installed at the output end of the moving device 4. The moving device 4 is used to drive the moving frame 5 to move.

[0047] The moving device 4 is a linear sliding module, and its output end is fixedly installed at the bottom of the moving frame 5 and inside the mounting frame 2. After the moving device 4 is started, the output end of the moving device 4 drives the mounting frame 2 to move.

[0048] The two sides of the movable frame 5 are fixedly connected to one side of the two guide blocks 32, and the two guide blocks 32 are slidably connected to the surfaces of the two guide rails 31 on the top of the mounting frame 2.

[0049] The moving device 4 includes a threaded rod 41, a threaded block 42, and a servo motor 43. The threaded rod 41 is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting frame 2. The threaded block 42 is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod 41. The servo motor 43 is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting frame 2, and its output end is connected to one end of the threaded rod 41 through a coupling.

[0050] The threaded rod 41 is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting bracket 2, and the top of the threaded block 42 is fixedly installed on the top of the moving bracket 5. It is used to drive the threaded rod 41 to rotate to one side after the servo motor 42 is started, so that the threaded block 42 moves to one side.

[0051] The movable frame 5 is provided with a fixing device 6 inside. The fixing device 6 includes a fixing groove 61, two fixing pins 62 and a fixing spring 63. The fixing groove 61 is opened inside the movable frame 5. The two fixing pins 62 are slidably connected inside the fixing groove 61. The fixing spring 63 is disposed inside the fixing groove 61 and is located between the two fixing pins 62.

[0052] One side of the fixing pin 62 is an arc-shaped surface. After the movable frame 5 moves to one side and contacts the inside of the storage rack 7, the fixing pin 62 moves to one side along the arc-shaped surface. This causes the two fixing pins 62 to move towards the middle inside the fixing groove 61 while pressing the two fixing pins 62. After the movable frame 5 is inserted into the slot 64, the fixing spring 63 pushes the two fixing pins 62 into the two hidden grooves 65 respectively.

[0053] The fixing device 6 also includes a slot 64 and two recessed slots 65. The slot 64 is opened inside the storage rack 7, and the two recessed slots 65 are both opened inside the storage rack 7.

[0054] One end of each of the two recessed slots 65 is connected to both ends of the slot 64. After the movable frame 5 is inserted into the storage rack 7, the two fixing pins 62 enter the two recessed slots 65 respectively, thereby limiting the movement between the movable frame 5 and the storage rack 7. When the movable frame 5 moves to one side to reset, it drives the storage rack 7 to move to one side to reset.

[0055] When in use, if it is necessary to remove the storage rack 7 inside the heating device 1, the door of the heating device 1 is opened.

[0056] By starting the servo motor 43, the threaded rod 41 is rotated to one side, thereby causing the threaded block 42 to move to one side on the surface of the threaded rod 41, and thus the moving frame 5 connected to the two guide blocks 32 moves to one side on the surfaces of the two guide rails 31 respectively.

[0057] When the movable frame 5 moves to one side and the two fixing pins 62 come into contact with the surface of the storage rack 7, the two fixing pins 62 automatically move to one side along the arc surface. This causes the two fixing pins 62 to move to one side inside the fixing groove 61 while pressing the fixing spring 63. When the movable frame 5 is inserted into the slot 64, the fixing spring 63 pushes the two fixing pins 62 to move to both sides respectively, so as to facilitate entry into the two hidden slots 65 and connect the storage rack 7 and the movable frame 5.

[0058] After the servo motor 43 is started, it reverses to drive the threaded rod 41 to reverse, causing the threaded block 42 to move to one side, thereby driving the moving frame 5 and the storage rack 7 to move to one side, so that the two guide blocks 32 are respectively inserted into the surfaces of the two guide rails 31 on the top of the mounting frame 2, and moved to the appropriate position.

[0059] When it is necessary to disassemble the storage rack 7, move the two fixing pins 62 inward. After the two fixing pins 62 are separated from the two recesses 65 respectively, push the storage rack 7 to one side to separate the movable rack 5 from the slot 64.

[0060] The working principle of the forging process for high-temperature alloys provided by this invention is as follows:

[0061] When using it, take the alloy ingot after it has been smelted by the smelting process, cut the alloy ingot to the required size, and obtain the alloy billet.

[0062] Defects such as oxide scale and inclusions on the surface of the ingot are removed by a turning machine tool;

[0063] After slowly heating to 400-600℃ in a box-type resistance furnace, the temperature is accelerated to 600-900℃, then heated to 1000℃ and held for 2 hours, and then heated to 1150℃ and held for 1 hour.

[0064] The billet is placed into the cavity of the forging die and uplifted and drawn into a forging by a 1250T press. After water quenching at room temperature, it is immediately subjected to re-aging treatment, which involves heating to 700-830℃ at a heating rate of 10-15℃ / h and holding at that temperature for 2-6 hours to complete the first forging stage.

[0065] The forging is then heated to 1100-1160℃, placed back into the cavity of the forging mold, and then upsetting using a 1250T press. It is then widened, elongated, and shaped to the required size. After forging, it is solution treated at 820-850℃ for 6-10 hours, air-cooled to room temperature, nitrided, and then annealed at 650-800℃ for 50 seconds. After storage, the forging of the high-temperature alloy is completed.

[0066] Compared with related technologies, the forging process for high-temperature alloys provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0067] This invention provides a forging process for high-temperature alloys. When heating the alloy billet in the heating device 1, the temperature is first slowly increased to 400-600°C to avoid cracking of the ingot due to thermal stress. Then, the temperature is accelerated to 600-900°C to shorten the holding time and reduce surface oxidation. The temperature is then raised to 1000°C and held for 2 hours, and then raised to 1150°C and held for 1 hour to ensure that the core temperature is consistent with the surface temperature. This prevents stress concentration caused by a large temperature difference between the workpiece surface and core during forging.

[0068] Second Embodiment

[0069] Please refer to the following: Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7Based on the forging process of a high-temperature alloy provided in the first embodiment of this application, the second embodiment of this application proposes another forging process for a high-temperature alloy. The second embodiment is merely a preferred embodiment of the first embodiment, and the implementation of the second embodiment will not affect the separate implementation of the first embodiment.

[0070] Specifically, the difference in the forging process of a high-temperature alloy provided in the second embodiment of this application is that, in the forging process of a high-temperature alloy, the guide block 32 has multiple vibration holes 8 inside, and multiple vibration blocks 9 are fixedly connected to the surface of the guide rail 31.

[0071] Two guide rails 31 are fixedly connected to the top of the mounting bracket 2. Multiple vibration blocks 9 are fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the two guide rails 31. By cooperating with multiple vibration holes 8, the storage rack 7 vibrates, causing the oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece inside the storage rack 7 to fall off.

[0072] A reset member 10 is fixedly connected to the surface of the guide rail 31, and a pressing plate 11 is fixedly connected to one end of the reset member 10.

[0073] The reset component 10 is a spring sheet, one end of which is fixedly connected to the surface of the guide rail 31, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top of the pressing plate 11.

[0074] The reset component 10 is a spring. Multiple springs are fixedly connected to the top of the pressing plate 11 to push the guide block 32 to move, thereby resetting the attached guide block 32.

[0075] The working principle of the forging process for high-temperature alloys provided by this invention is as follows:

[0076] When in use, the storage rack 7 moves to one side, causing the two guide blocks 32 to move as well. When the two guide blocks come into contact with the vibration block 9, the guide blocks 32 move upward. When the guide blocks 32 are inside the vibration hole 8, the guide blocks 32 return to their original position. When the guide blocks 32 move to one side, the above steps are repeated to make the storage rack 7 vibrate.

[0077] Compared with related technologies, the forging process for high-temperature alloys provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0078] This invention provides a forging process for high-temperature alloys. By using a vibration hole 8 in conjunction with a vibration block, the storage rack 7 is vibrated, thereby shaking off the oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece inside the storage rack 7 and reducing the oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece.

[0079] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forging process for a high-temperature alloy, characterized in that, Including: the following step: S1: Take the alloy ingot after it has been smelted by the smelting process, cut the alloy ingot to the required size to obtain the alloy billet; S2: Remove defects such as oxide scale and inclusions from the surface of the ingot using a lathe. S3: After slowly raising the temperature to 400-600℃ through the heating device, then accelerating the temperature to 600-900℃, then heating to 1000℃ and holding for 2 hours, then raising it to 1150℃ and holding for 1 hour. S4: The billet is placed into the cavity of the forging die and uplifted and drawn into a forging by a 1250T press. After water quenching at room temperature, it is immediately subjected to re-aging treatment, which is carried out at a heating rate of 10-15℃ / h to 700-830℃ and held for 2-6 hours to complete the first forging stage. S5: The forging is then heated to 1100-1160℃, placed back into the cavity of the forging mold, and then upsetting using a 1250T press. It is then widened, elongated, and shaped to the required size. After forging, it is solution treated at 820-850℃ for 6-10 hours, air-cooled to room temperature, nitrided, and then annealed at 650-800℃ for 50 seconds. After storage, the forging of the high-temperature alloy is completed.

2. The forging process of a high-temperature alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating device has an internal storage rack, and a mounting bracket is fixedly installed on one side of the heating device.

3. The forging process of a high-temperature alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the mounting bracket is provided with a guide device, which includes a guide rail and a guide block. The bottom of the guide rail is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting bracket, and the guide block is slidably connected to the surface of the guide rail.

4. The forging process of a high-temperature alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting frame is equipped with a moving device inside, and the output end of the moving device is fixedly mounted on the moving frame. The moving device is used to drive the moving frame to move.

5. The forging process of a high-temperature alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that, The moving device includes a threaded rod, a threaded block, and a servo motor. The threaded rod is rotatably connected to the interior of the mounting frame, the threaded block is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod, and the servo motor is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting frame, with its output end connected to one end of the threaded rod via a coupling.

6. The forging process of a high-temperature alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that, The movable frame is equipped with a fixing device inside. The fixing device includes a fixing groove, two fixing pins and a fixing spring. The fixing groove is opened inside the movable frame. The two fixing pins are slidably connected inside the fixing groove. The fixing spring is disposed inside the fixing groove and is located between the two fixing pins.

7. The forging process of a high-temperature alloy according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixing device also includes a slot and two recessed slots. The slot is located inside the storage rack, and both recessed slots are located inside the storage rack.

8. The forging process of a high-temperature alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide block has multiple vibration holes inside, and multiple vibration blocks are fixedly connected to the surface of the guide rail.

9. The forging process of a high-temperature alloy according to claim 8, characterized in that, A reset component is fixedly connected to the surface of the guide rail, and a pressing plate is fixedly connected to one end of the reset component.

10. The forging process of a high-temperature alloy according to claim 9, characterized in that, The reset component is a spring sheet, one end of which is fixedly connected to the surface of the guide rail, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top of the pressing plate.

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