Magnetic levitation grinder and grinding method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of grinding machines, in particular to a magnetic suspension grinding machine and a grinding method, which comprises a fixed frame, a magnetic suspension base, a magnetic suspension tool and a grinding rod, the magnetic suspension tool is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the magnetic suspension base, the magnetic suspension tool is fixed with a workpiece to be processed in the inner cavity, the bottom surface of the magnetic suspension tool and the top surface of the magnetic suspension base repel each other in magnetic force, the outer wall of the magnetic suspension tool and the inner wall of the magnetic suspension base attract each other in magnetic force, and the grinding rod sequentially passes through the through hole of the magnetic suspension base and the inner cavity of the workpiece from bottom to top. The application gets rid of the forced constraint of a traditional rigid clamp on the workpiece, does not need manual real-time fine adjustment of the grinding wheel feeding or the clamp position, significantly reduces the influence of human operation errors on the yield, effectively avoids the instability of the straightness or the cylindricity of the workpiece caused by the rigid clamping, further eliminates the risk of local extrusion and deformation on the thin-walled structure, and significantly improves the yield and geometric precision of the thin-walled part.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of grinding machines, in particular to a magnetic suspension grinding machine and a grinding method. BACKGROUND

[0002] A grinding machine is a machine tool device used for precision machining of workpiece surfaces. It uses abrasive wheels or grinding heads to cut and polish the surfaces of materials such as metals, ceramics, and glass, to achieve extremely high surface quality and extremely low surface roughness. Typical applications include bearing raceways, cams, mold cavities, optical components, and various high-precision parts for size modification and finishing. Common grinding methods include flat grinding, cylindrical grinding, internal grinding, and centerless grinding. During processing, the grinding head and workpiece move relative to each other in a reciprocating, rotational feed, or compound motion to meet different geometric shape and precision requirements. Due to the high precision and excellent surface performance of grinding processing, grinding technology is widely used in aerospace, automotive manufacturing, precision instruments, and optical element processing.

[0003] However, traditional grinding processing has the following three main defects. First, low processing efficiency and high cost. Since the grinding process relies heavily on manual loading and unloading, adjusting the clamp and setting the parameters, the single-piece processing cycle is long, and the processing cost rises, making it difficult to meet the needs of batch production and rapid delivery. Second, highly dependent on operator experience. The contact pressure and feed speed of the grinding wheel and workpiece during the grinding process need to be adjusted in real time, which requires a high level of skill from the operator. It is difficult for beginners to quickly master the process, resulting in significant fluctuations in product yield and processing consistency. Third, the quality of thin-walled and slender hole processing is difficult to guarantee. For workpieces with thin walls or long and slender holes, traditional rigid clamps can cause straightness deviation and bending deformation. The ellipticity, coaxiality, and cylindricity of the workpiece during the grinding process are difficult to control stably, ultimately leading to a decrease in the yield of thin-walled parts and seriously affecting product performance and assembly accuracy. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a magnetic suspension grinding machine and a grinding method to solve the above technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] A magnetic suspension grinding machine comprises a fixed frame, a magnetic suspension system mounted on the fixed frame, the magnetic suspension system comprising a magnetic suspension base, a magnetic suspension tool and a grinding rod, the magnetic suspension base being a cylindrical structure with an open top surface and a central axial through hole in the bottom, the magnetic suspension tool being axially through and movably arranged in the inner cavity of the magnetic suspension base, the inner cavity top surface and the inner wall of the magnetic suspension base being respectively provided with first magnets and second magnets, the bottom surface and the outer wall of the magnetic suspension tool being respectively provided with third magnets and fourth magnets, the first magnets and the third magnets repelling each other, the second magnets and the fourth magnets attracting each other, the through hole of the magnetic suspension tool being fixed with a workpiece to be processed, and the grinding rod sequentially passing through the through hole of the magnetic suspension base and the inner cavity of the workpiece from bottom to top.

[0007] Further, the inner cavity top surface of the magnetic suspension base is surrounded by a plurality of first magnets, the bottom surface of the magnetic suspension tool is surrounded by a plurality of third magnets, and the plurality of first magnets and the plurality of third magnets are respectively arranged at equal intervals. The magnet ring arranged at equal intervals not only realizes the symmetry of the magnetic suspension tool in each direction, but also increases the anti-lateral disturbance ability through multi-point magnetic force superposition. It ensures that the magnetic suspension tool will not tilt or be eccentric due to unilateral magnet misadjustment during the suspension process, further stabilizing the coaxiality control during the grinding process.

[0008] Further, the inner wall of the magnetic suspension base is surrounded by a plurality of second magnets, the outer wall of the magnetic suspension tool is surrounded by a plurality of fourth magnets, the plurality of second magnets and the plurality of fourth magnets are respectively arranged at equal intervals, and the plurality of second magnets and the plurality of fourth magnets constitute a lateral adsorption mechanism. The lateral adsorption mechanism can provide continuous lateral positioning force when the magnetic suspension tool reciprocates up and down, so that the magnetic suspension tool does not drift laterally when vibrating in the vertical direction. At the same time, the magnetic guide design avoids the use of mechanical guide rails, reducing friction loss and maintenance cost.

[0009] Further, it further comprises a clamp for fixing the workpiece, the clamp being arranged at the through hole of the magnetic suspension tool, the clamp comprising a fixed sleeve and a fixed clamping ring, the fixed sleeve being fixedly connected to the through hole of the magnetic suspension tool and being an axially through structure, the fixed clamping ring being adaptably arranged on the fixed sleeve, and the center of the fixed clamping ring being provided with an opening for the workpiece to pass out. The workpiece is sleeved on the grinding rod, moved into the fixed sleeve, and then fixed by the fixed clamping ring. The fixed sleeve, as the core guide of the clamp, plays a role in precise positioning, so that the workpiece shaft remains coaxial with the grinding rod. The fixed clamping ring realizes lateral restriction of the workpiece by slightly clamping the shaft shoulder. According to the principle of magnetic repulsion and attraction, the workpiece is in a suspended free state, so that the workpiece is not rigidly confined by external force, and a balance is achieved between the magnetic suspension degree of freedom and the constraint of the clamp, which can prevent the workpiece from shifting and will not damage the wall of the thin-walled workpiece.

[0010] Further, the fixed frame comprises an operation platform and a support rod body for providing support, a central part of the operation platform is provided with an operation hole for the magnetic suspension system to pass through, a bottom part of the operation platform is provided with a support component, a bottom part of the grinding rod is movably arranged on the support component, and a first motor for driving the grinding rod to rotate is arranged on the support component.

[0011] Further, a cylinder assembly is further arranged on the operation platform, the cylinder assembly comprises a positioning seat cylinder, a truss, a cylinder pump and a second motor, the cylinder pump is arranged on the operation platform, and the second motor is connected with the cylinder pump.

[0012] Further, the positioning seat cylinder comprises two, the truss is arranged above the positioning seat cylinder, the truss is in an inverted U-shaped structure, two ends of the truss are connected with mounting plates from top to bottom and pass through the positioning seat cylinder, an output shaft of the cylinder pump is fixedly connected with the truss, and the mounting plates are connected with the magnetic suspension base. When the second motor works, the cylinder pump is driven to move up and down reciprocatingly, since the output shaft of the cylinder pump is fixedly connected with the truss, the periodic up-and-down movement of the truss is controlled. Two ends of the truss are connected with the mounting plates and pass through the operation platform, thereby the mounting plates can be driven to move up and down.

[0013] Further, the magnetic suspension base is connected with a connecting rod below and the connecting rod passes through the operation hole, the second motor is rotatably connected with the connecting rod through a transmission mechanism, and the second motor drives the magnetic suspension base to rotate. The grinding rod is arranged on the limiting plate and is driven to rotate by the gear on the bottom part of the grinding rod and the gear on the first motor. That is, when the first motor works, the grinding rod is driven to rotate. Meanwhile, a gear is arranged on the output shaft of the second motor and a gear matched with the gear is arranged on the bottom part of the connecting rod, that is, the rotation of the second motor can drive the radial rotation of the magnetic suspension base. Since the magnetic suspension base is arranged on the mounting plate, when the mounting plate moves up and down, the magnetic suspension base moves up and down. That is, the second motor can drive the cylinder pump to move up and down and can control the rotation of the magnetic suspension base through the rotation of the output shaft. The torque output by the first motor can be converted into the vertical linear reciprocating movement of the magnetic suspension base, through the principle that the magnet on the inner wall of the magnetic suspension base and the magnet on the outer wall of the magnetic suspension tool attract each other and the inner cavity top surface of the magnetic suspension base and the bottom surface of the magnetic suspension tool repel each other, when the cylinder pump moves up and down, the whole magnetic suspension base is driven to move up and down, thereby the inner cavity wall of the workpiece and the grinding operation of the grinding rod are controlled. The rotation directions of the magnetic suspension base and the grinding rod are opposite, so that the friction between the workpiece and the grinding rod is increased in the grinding process, thereby the grinding cutting efficiency is improved.

[0014] Further, the bottom of the fixed frame is provided with an electric control system, and the electric control system is connected with the first motor and the second motor respectively. The electric control system coordinates and synchronizes the movement of each actuator, and through real-time acquisition of motor speed and magnetic suspension tool displacement signals, the grinding process is closed-loop regulated, so that the whole machine operation is more intelligent and stable.

[0015] A grinding method of a magnetic suspension grinder, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: taking a workpiece to be processed, sleeving the workpiece on a grinding rod, and fixing the workpiece on a magnetic suspension tool through a clamp;

[0017] S2: making the magnetic suspension tool float in the magnetic suspension base under the repulsion of the magnets;

[0018] S3: starting the first motor and the second motor to drive the magnetic suspension base to reciprocate in the longitudinal direction, and driving the magnetic suspension tool to reciprocate in the longitudinal direction, so that the workpiece reciprocally grinds only by contacting the grinding rod;

[0019] S4: repeating the above step S3 until the surface of the workpiece reaches the predetermined size accuracy and surface roughness requirement.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present application realizes the free suspension state of the workpiece under the magnetic repulsion and attraction through the magnetic suspension system, and gets rid of the forced constraint of the traditional rigid clamp on the workpiece. At the same time, each movement unit is accurately coordinated by the electric control system, and there is no need for manual real-time fine adjustment of the grinding wheel feed or the clamp position, which greatly improves the processing consistency and repeatability, and significantly reduces the influence of human operation error on the yield;

[0022] 2. The present application realizes the reciprocating linear motion of the tool in the vertical direction by using the magnetic repulsive force between the magnetic suspension base and the tool and the weight, solves the problem that the grinding size is difficult to control due to the non-uniform reciprocating motion during manual grinding, effectively avoids the instability of the straightness or cylindricity of the workpiece caused by rigid clamping, and further eliminates the risk of local extrusion and deformation of the thin-walled structure through the clamping of the tool on the workpiece through the shaft shoulder instead of the wall surface. Under the synergistic effect of the above designs, stable grinding of the thin-walled and long and thin hole workpiece can be realized, and the yield and geometric accuracy of the thin-walled part are significantly improved;

[0023] 3. The present application realizes automatic operation in the whole process, from the establishment of the magnetic field, the movement of the tool to the feedback closed-loop control of grinding, replaces the traditional manual feeding, parameter adjustment and manual grinding, greatly shortens the single-piece processing cycle, and the equipment has the advantages of high surface quality of manual grinding and high efficiency of mechanical operation, reduces the labor cost and training cost, and enhances the production capacity and economy of the production line. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a magnetic levitation system;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a magnetic levitation system;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a planar sectional view of a magnetic levitation system;

[0029] Attached diagram labels: 1-Fixed frame, 101-Operating platform, 102-Support rod, 2-Magnetic levitation base, 3-Magnetic levitation fixture, 4-Grinding rod, 5-First magnet, 6-Second magnet, 7-Third magnet, 8-Fourth magnet, 9-Workpiece, 10-Clamp, 1001-Fixed sleeve, 1002-Fixed retaining ring, 11-Operating hole, 12-Supporting component, 13-First motor, 14-Positioning seat, 15-Truss, 16-Cylinder pump, 17-Second motor, 18-Mounting plate, 19-Electrical control system. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] Example 1, as Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention discloses a magnetic levitation grinding machine, including a fixed frame 1, on which a magnetic levitation system is installed. The magnetic levitation system includes a magnetic levitation base 2, a magnetic levitation fixture 3, and a grinding rod 4. The magnetic levitation base 2 is a cylindrical structure with an open top surface and an axially penetrating central bottom surface. The magnetic levitation fixture 3 is axially penetrating and movably disposed within the inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base 2. A first magnet 5 and a second magnet 6 are respectively disposed on the top surface and inner wall of the inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base 2. A third magnet 7 and a fourth magnet 8 are respectively disposed on the bottom surface and outer wall of the magnetic levitation fixture 3. The first magnet 5 and the third magnet 7 repel each other, while the second magnet 6 and the fourth magnet 8 attract each other. A workpiece 9 with an inner cavity to be processed is fixed at the through hole of the magnetic levitation fixture 3. The grinding rod 4 passes through the through hole of the magnetic levitation base 2 and the inner cavity of the workpiece 9 from bottom to top.

[0032] The inner cavity top surface of the magnetic suspension base 2 is provided with a plurality of first magnets 5, the bottom surface of the magnetic suspension tool 3 is provided with a plurality of third magnets 7, and the plurality of first magnets 5 and the plurality of third magnets 7 are arranged at equal intervals respectively. Specifically, the magnet ring arranged at equal intervals not only realizes the symmetry of the magnetic suspension tool 3 in each direction under stress, but also increases the anti-lateral disturbance ability through multi-point magnetic force superposition. It is ensured that the magnetic suspension tool 3 will not tilt or be eccentric due to unilateral magnet disorder during the suspension process, and the coaxiality control in the grinding process is further stabilized.

[0033] The inner wall of the magnetic suspension base 2 is provided with a plurality of second magnets 6, and the outer wall of the magnetic suspension tool 3 is provided with a plurality of fourth magnets 8. The plurality of second magnets 6 and the plurality of fourth magnets 8 are arranged at equal intervals respectively, and the plurality of second magnets 6 and the plurality of fourth magnets 8 constitute a lateral adsorption mechanism. Specifically, the lateral adsorption mechanism can provide a continuous lateral positioning force when the magnetic suspension tool 3 reciprocates up and down, so that the magnetic suspension tool 3 does not drift laterally when vibrating in the vertical direction. At the same time, the magnetic guide design avoids using mechanical guide rails, reducing friction loss and maintenance cost.

[0034] It also includes a clamp 10 for fixing the workpiece 9, the clamp 10 is arranged at the through hole of the magnetic suspension tool 3, the clamp 10 includes a fixed sleeve 1001 and a fixed clamping ring 1002, the fixed sleeve 1001 is fixedly connected to the through hole of the magnetic suspension tool 3 and has an axial through structure, and the fixed clamping ring 1002 can be adaptively sleeved on the fixed sleeve 1001, and the center of the fixed clamping ring 1002 is provided with an opening for the workpiece 9 to pass out. Specifically, for the workpiece 9 with thin wall and long hole, the traditional rigid clamp is easy to cause straightness deviation and bending deformation due to its fragile special structure, and finally causes wear or damage of the workpiece 9. Therefore, the workpiece 9 is sleeved on the grinding rod 4, and then moved into the fixed sleeve 1001, and then fixed by the fixed clamping ring 1002 (sleeved from the top of the grinding rod 4). The fixed sleeve 1001 serves as the core guide of the clamp 10 and plays a role in precise positioning, so that the axis of the workpiece 9 is coaxially arranged with the grinding rod 4, and the fixed clamping ring 1002 realizes lateral limitation of the workpiece 9 by slightly clamping the shaft shoulder. The above design mainly realizes the free state of the workpiece 9 in suspension according to the principle of mutual repulsion and attraction of magnetic force, so that the workpiece 9 is not rigidly imprisoned by external force, and a balance is reached between the magnetic suspension degree of freedom and the constraint of the clamp 10, which can prevent the workpiece 9 from deviating and will not cause damage to the wall surface of the thin-walled workpiece 9.

[0035] The fixed frame 1 comprises an operation platform 101 and a support pole body 102 for providing support, the operation platform 101 is centrally provided with an operation hole 11 for the magnetic levitation system to pass through, the bottom of the operation platform 101 is provided with a support component 12, the bottom of the grinding rod 4 is movably arranged on the support component 12, and the support component 12 is provided with a first motor 13 for driving the grinding rod 4 to rotate. Specifically, the first motor 13 is installed on the support component 12, and the support component 12 is further provided with a limiting plate for limiting the grinding rod 4, and the grinding rod 4 is limited on the limiting plate (longitudinal movement is not allowed, and radial rotation is allowed) through a shaft sleeve. The output shaft of the first motor 13 is arranged upward, and a transmission assembly, preferably a gear, is arranged on the output shaft, and a gear adapted to the gear is arranged at the bottom of the grinding rod 4, the two gears are engaged, and the rotation control of the grinding rod 4 by the first motor 13 is realized.

[0036] The operation platform 101 is further provided with a cylinder assembly, the cylinder assembly comprises a positioning seat cylinder 14, a truss 15, a cylinder pump 16 and a second motor 17, the cylinder pump 16 is installed on the operation platform 101, and the second motor 17 is connected with the cylinder pump 16.

[0037] The positioning seat cylinder 14 comprises two, the truss 15 is arranged above the positioning seat cylinder 14, the truss 15 is in an inverted U-shaped structure, the two ends of the truss 15 are connected with mounting plates 18 through the positioning seat cylinder 14 from top to bottom, the output shaft of the cylinder pump 16 is fixedly connected with the truss 15, and the mounting plates 18 are connected with the magnetic levitation base 2. Specifically, the second motor 17 drives the cylinder pump 16 to reciprocate up and down when working, and since the output shaft of the cylinder pump 16 is fixedly connected with the truss 15, the periodic up-and-down movement of the truss 15 is controlled. The two ends of the truss 15 are connected with the mounting plates 18 through the operation platform 101, so that the mounting plates 18 can be driven to move up and down.

[0038] The magnetic suspension base 2 is connected with a connecting rod passing through the operation hole 11, the second motor 17 is connected with the connecting rod through a transmission mechanism, and the second motor 17 drives the magnetic suspension base 2 to rotate. Specifically, the grinding rod 4 is arranged on the limiting plate, and the gear at the bottom of the grinding rod 4 is engaged with the gear on the first motor 13 to drive the rotation of the grinding rod 4. That is, when the first motor 13 works, the rotation of the grinding rod 4 is driven. At the same time, the output shaft of the second motor 17 is also provided with a gear, and the bottom of the connecting rod is provided with a gear matched with the gear, that is, the rotation of the second motor 17 can drive the radial rotation of the magnetic suspension base 2. Since the magnetic suspension base 2 is installed on the mounting plate 18, when the mounting plate 18 moves up and down, the magnetic suspension base 2 moves up and down. That is, the second motor 17 can drive the up and down movement of the cylinder pump 16, and also control the rotation of the magnetic suspension base 2 through the rotation of the output shaft. The torque output by the first motor 13 can be converted into vertical linear reciprocating motion of the magnetic suspension base 2, and through the principle of mutual attraction between the magnets on the inner wall of the magnetic suspension base 2 and the magnets on the outer wall of the magnetic suspension tool 3, and repulsion between the top surface of the inner cavity of the magnetic suspension base 2 and the bottom surface of the magnetic suspension tool 3, when the cylinder pump 16 moves up and down, the whole magnetic suspension base 2 is driven to move up and down, and the polishing operation of the inner cavity wall of the workpiece 9 and the grinding rod 4 is controlled. The rotation directions of the magnetic suspension base 2 and the grinding rod 4 are opposite, so as to increase the friction force between the workpiece 9 and the grinding rod 4 during grinding, thereby improving the efficiency of grinding cutting.

[0039] In order to realize the above functions, the matching relationship of each gear is a technical means known to those skilled in the art, and the matching relationship is not the core technical solution of the present application, so the specific connection structure will not be described again.

[0040] The bottom of the fixed frame 1 is provided with an electric control system 19, and the electric control system 19 is connected with the first motor 13 and the second motor 17 respectively. Specifically, the electric control system 19 coordinates and synchronizes the movement of each actuator, and performs closed-loop adjustment on the grinding process by collecting signals such as motor speed and magnetic suspension tool 3 displacement in real time, so that the whole machine runs more intelligently and stably.

[0041] In the embodiment one, a grinding method of the magnetic suspension grinder is further provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0042] A grinding method of a magnetic suspension grinder, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1: taking a workpiece 9 with an inner cavity to be processed, sleeving the workpiece 9 on the grinding rod 4, and fixing the workpiece 9 on the magnetic suspension tool 3 through the clamp 10;

[0044] S2: making the magnetic suspension tool 3 float in the magnetic suspension base 2 under the action of repulsion of the magnets;

[0045] S3: Start the first motor 13 and the second motor 17 to drive the magnetic suspension base 2 to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction, and drive the magnetic suspension tool 3 to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction, so that the workpiece 9 reciprocates under the condition of only contacting the grinding rod 4;

[0046] S4: Repeat the above step S3 until the surface of the workpiece 9 reaches the predetermined size accuracy and surface roughness requirement.

[0047] In the present application, the magnetic suspension tool 3 drives the workpiece 9 to rotate, the first motor 13 drives the grinding rod 4 to rotate, and the second motor 17 drives the vertical movement of the magnetic suspension base 2, thereby driving the magnetic suspension tool 3 to reciprocate linearly along the axial direction of the grinding rod 4. The workpiece 9 and the grinding rod 4 are both rotating and the rotating directions are opposite, which increases the friction force between the product and the grinding rod 4, thereby improving the grinding cutting efficiency.

[0048] In the present application, the magnetic suspension tool 3 does not directly clamp the wall surface of the workpiece 9, but clamps and fixes it by means of the shaft shoulder connected to the peripheral surface of the workpiece 9. For the workpiece 9 with thin wall thickness or long and thin hole structure, the hard wear and damage of the workpiece 9 by the traditional rigid clamp can be avoided, thereby ensuring the yield of thin-walled parts and maintaining the product performance and assembly accuracy.

[0049] The magnetic suspension tool 3 of the present application is not directly connected with the movable mechanism, but realizes the reciprocating linear motion in the vertical direction by means of the magnetic repulsive force brought by the magnetic suspension base 2 directly connected with the movable mechanism and the gravity of the magnetic suspension tool 3 itself.

[0050] In example three, on the basis of example two, the present embodiment proposes detailed operation matters of the grinding method of the magnetic suspension grinding machine.

[0051] S1: The operator first slides the workpiece 9 along the axial direction of the grinding rod 4, ensuring that the shaft shoulder part of the workpiece 9 is aligned with the opening of the clamp 10. Then, rotate the fixed clasp 1002 clockwise, and through the built-in elastic pre-tightening structure, apply a slight clamping force to the shaft shoulder of the workpiece 9, while the fixed sleeve 1001 provides radial guidance for the workpiece 9. At this time, the workpiece 9 is constrained in a small range in the axial and radial directions, but its wall surface is not compressed, thereby ensuring the initial positioning accuracy during subsequent suspension and avoiding extrusion deformation of the thin-walled workpiece 9.

[0052] S2: After the workpiece 9 slides in and the fixing ring 1002 is rotated and fastened, the workpiece 9 and the magnetic suspension base 2 are automatically stably suspended under the influence of gravity, and the initial gap between the magnetic suspension base 2 and the magnetic suspension tool 3 is determined by the balance of gravity and magnetic pole repulsion. The operator starts the electric control system 19, which controls the magnetic suspension base 2 to move and adjust the initial position of the magnetic suspension tool 3 on the grinding rod 4 through monitoring. At this time, the first magnet 5 and the fourth magnet 8 generate repulsive force, and the second magnet 6 and the third magnet 7 generate attractive force. In addition, the electric control system 19 is also configured with a height sensor for real-time monitoring of the suspension height of the magnetic suspension tool 3 and for intervention when errors or deviations occur.

[0053] S3: Start the first motor 13 to make the grinding rod 4 rotate at 1000-3000 rpm, and drive the second motor 17 to make the magnetic suspension base 2 reciprocate up and down at a preset frequency of 1-5 Hz through the electric control system 19. During the reciprocation, the grinding rod 4 contacts the inner cavity wall of the workpiece 9, and the forward rotation of the grinding rod 4 enhances the cutting.

[0054] S4: After each reciprocation cycle, the electric control system 19 reads the inner diameter sensor and surface roughness probe data and compares them with the set target (such as inner diameter tolerance ±1µm, Ra≤0.1µm). If any parameter exceeds the tolerance, the system automatically issues a continue grinding instruction. When all indicators meet the requirements, the controller issues a stop command, and the first motor 13 and the second motor 17 are turned off in turn to realize the static suspension of the workpiece 9, and then the workpiece 9 is unloaded.

[0055] Of course, the present application can have other various embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present application without departing from the spirit and essence of the present application, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all belong to the protection scope of the claims attached to the present application.

Claims

1. A magnetic levitation grinding machine, comprising a fixed frame (1), characterized in that: A magnetic levitation system is installed on the fixed frame (1). The magnetic levitation system includes a magnetic levitation base (2), a magnetic levitation fixture (3), and a grinding rod (4). The magnetic levitation base (2) is a cylindrical structure with an open top surface and an axially penetrating bottom center. The magnetic levitation fixture (3) is axially penetrating and movably disposed in the inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base (2). The top surface and inner wall of the inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base (2) are respectively provided with a first magnet (5) and a second magnet (6). The bottom surface and outer wall of the magnetic levitation fixture (3) are respectively provided with a third magnet (7) and a fourth magnet (8). The first magnet (5) and the third magnet (7) repel each other, while the second magnet (6) and the fourth magnet (8) attract each other. The workpiece (9) to be processed is fixed at the through hole of the magnetic levitation fixture (3). The grinding rod (4) passes through the through hole of the magnetic levitation base (2) and the inner cavity of the workpiece (9) from bottom to top. The top surface of the inner cavity of the magnetic levitation base (2) is surrounded by a plurality of first magnets (5), and the bottom surface of the magnetic levitation fixture (3) is surrounded by a plurality of third magnets (7). The plurality of first magnets (5) and the plurality of third magnets (7) are arranged at equal intervals. The inner wall of the magnetic levitation base (2) is surrounded by a plurality of second magnets (6), and the outer wall of the magnetic levitation fixture (3) is surrounded by a plurality of fourth magnets (8). The plurality of second magnets (6) and the plurality of third magnets (7) are arranged at equal intervals. The fourth magnets (8) are arranged at equal intervals, and the second magnets (6) and the fourth magnets (8) constitute a lateral adsorption mechanism. The mechanism also includes a clamp (10) for fixing the workpiece (9). The clamp (10) is located at the through hole of the magnetic levitation fixture (3). The clamp (10) includes a fixing sleeve (1001) and a fixing ring (1002). The fixing sleeve (1001) is fixed to the through hole of the magnetic levitation fixture (3) and is an axially through structure.

2. The magnetic levitation grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing ring (1002) can be adapted to be installed on the fixing sleeve (1001), and the center of the fixing ring (1002) is provided with an opening for the workpiece (9) to pass through.

3. The magnetic levitation grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed frame (1) includes an operating platform (101) and a support rod (102) for providing support. The operating platform (101) has an operating hole (11) in the center for the magnetic levitation system to pass through. A support component (12) is installed at the bottom of the operating platform (101). The bottom of the grinding rod (4) is movably mounted on the support component (12). A first motor (13) for driving the grinding rod (4) to rotate is provided on the support component (12).

4. A magnetic levitation grinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The operating platform (101) is also provided with a cylinder assembly, which includes a positioning seat (14), a truss (15), a cylinder pump (16), and a second motor (17). The cylinder pump (16) is installed on the operating platform (101), and the second motor (17) is connected to the cylinder pump (16).

5. A magnetic levitation grinding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning cylinder (14) includes two, the truss (15) is set above the positioning cylinder (14), the truss (15) is an inverted U-shaped structure, the two ends of the truss (15) pass through the positioning cylinder (14) from top to bottom and are connected to the mounting plate (18), the output shaft of the cylinder pump (16) is fixed to the truss (15), and the mounting plate (18) is connected to the magnetic levitation base (2).

6. A magnetic levitation grinding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The magnetic levitation base (2) is connected to a connecting rod that passes through the operation hole (11). The second motor (17) is connected to the connecting rod through a transmission mechanism and drives the magnetic levitation base (2) to rotate.

7. A magnetic levitation grinding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: An electronic control system (19) is installed at the bottom of the fixed frame (1), and the electronic control system (19) is connected to the first motor (13) and the second motor (17) respectively.

8. A grinding method using a magnetic levitation grinder according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Take the workpiece (9) of the inner cavity to be processed, put the workpiece (9) on the grinding rod (4), and fix it on the magnetic levitation fixture (3) by the clamp (10); S2: Make the magnetic levitation fixture (3) levitate within the magnetic levitation base (2) under the repulsive force of the magnets; S3: Start the first motor (13) and the second motor (17) to drive the magnetic levitation base (2) to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction, and at the same time drive the magnetic levitation fixture (3) to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction, so that the workpiece (9) can be reciprocated and ground in contact with the grinding rod (4); S4: Repeat step S3 above until the surface of the workpiece (9) reaches the predetermined dimensional accuracy and surface roughness requirements.

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