Tool changing mechanism for grinding tools

Abstract

The application provides a tool changing mechanism suitable for grinding tools, which comprises a bottom cover, a driving wheel and a driven wheel installed above the bottom cover, the driving wheel being connected with a driving mechanism; a guide chain is wound around the driving wheel and the driven wheel; the top and bottom of the driving wheel are provided with a chain disc; the top and bottom of the driven wheel are provided with a wheel disc, and the side of the guide chain away from the driving wheel is located between the two wheel discs; the number of guide seats is two, the two guide seats are respectively connected with the front and back sides of the guide chain in a sliding mode, and the guide seats are fixed with the bottom cover through a support frame; the number of tool seats is multiple, and the multiple tool seats are uniformly installed on the guide chain; the side of the tool seat away from the guide chain is provided with a double-pin positioning mechanism, and the top of the tool seat is provided with a tool holder. The application improves the load capacity of the guide chain, and the guide chain runs smoothly; the double-pin positioning mechanism is further provided, so that the tool changing mechanism can load and place small general tools and medium and large grinding devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automatic tool magazines, and particularly to a tool changing mechanism suitable for grinding tools. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of CNC machine tools, the automatic tool magazine achieves automatic tool changing by combining its tool storage function with communication and signal exchange with the machine tool.

[0003] In the niche field of grinding complex curved surfaces, the workpieces are characterized by their complex shapes and numerous, varied parts requiring grinding, including flat surfaces, curved surfaces, and intersecting arcs. These workpieces cannot be ground using a single type of tool. Efficiency is crucial; large curved surfaces require belt grinding, while small corners and arcs necessitate smaller tools. The difference between these two methods is significant. Furthermore, different grit sizes of belts and grinding wheels must be selected based on the final grinding quality. This results in a wide variety of grinding tools with diverse sizes and structures, requiring different tools for different grit sizes. In other words, each size of grinding tool needs to be paired with different grit sizes of belts and grinding wheels, a problem that existing tool magazines cannot solve.

[0004] Traditional automatic tool magazines, in practical applications, generally only accommodate one type of tool holder and have requirements on the weight and size of the tools, resulting in a limited variety of tools that can be loaded. They are not compatible with special types of medium and large grinding tools, such as belt abrasive mechanisms. Due to the above problems, multiple processes such as cutting, machining, and grinding cannot be met on the same machine, which limits the equipment's process capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the technical problem that traditional tool changing mechanisms cannot support medium and large grinding devices by providing a tool changing mechanism suitable for grinding tools.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0007] This invention provides a tool changing mechanism suitable for grinding tools, including a base cover and a guide chain. A drive wheel and a driven wheel are rotatably mounted on the upper left and right sides of the base cover, respectively. The drive wheel is connected to a drive mechanism. The guide chain is wound around the drive wheel and the driven wheel. The guide chain is composed of multiple chain links hinged together. A hinge post is provided at the hinge point of every two adjacent chain links, and bearings are installed at the top and bottom of the hinge post. A chain disc is provided at the top and bottom of the drive wheel, and the two chain discs are respectively connected via… The bearings at the top and bottom of the hinge column are engaged with the guide chain; a wheel disc is provided at the top and bottom of the driven wheel, and the side of the guide chain away from the drive wheel is located between the two wheel discs; there are two guide seats, and the two guide seats are slidably connected to the front and rear sides of the guide chain respectively, and the guide seats are fixed to the bottom cover by a support frame; there are multiple tool holders, and the multiple tool holders are evenly installed on the guide chain; a double pin positioning mechanism is provided on the side of the tool holder away from the guide chain, and a tool holder is provided on the top of the tool holder.

[0008] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a servo motor; the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to a second gear, the second gear meshes with a first gear, and the diameter of the first gear is larger than the diameter of the second gear, and the first gear is coaxially fixed with the drive wheel.

[0009] Preferably, the double-pin positioning mechanism consists of two positioning pins; each positioning pin includes a fixed post fixedly mounted on the tool holder, an end shaft fixedly mounted at the end of the fixed post, a guide post fixedly mounted at the end of the end shaft, a pressure sleeve slidably sleeved on the guide post, and the pressure sleeve and the end shaft are elastically connected by a first spring. The outer diameter of the pressure sleeve and the diameter of the fixed post are both larger than the diameter of the end shaft, and the outer diameter of the pressure sleeve is smaller than the diameter of the fixed post.

[0010] Preferably, it further includes a suspension plate, on which two through slots are provided, and two through slots are fixedly fitted with hole seats; a wedge-shaped part is provided on the side of the hole seat, and a pressing platform is provided on the top of the wedge-shaped part; a first hole groove and a second hole groove are respectively provided on the bottom side and the top side of the hole seat, and the first hole groove and the second hole groove are connected to each other; the diameter of the first hole groove is larger than the diameter of the second hole groove.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes a supporting walking frame; the supporting walking frame includes a vertical cylinder; the top end of the vertical cylinder is connected to the bottom end of the hinge column, and two symmetrically arranged frame bodies are fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical cylinder, and a first ball bearing is installed at the bottom of each frame body, the ball bearing fitting against the bottom of the base cover.

[0012] Preferably, a top plate is fixedly installed at the top of the vertical cylinder, and an upper connecting sleeve is fixedly installed at the top center of the top plate, the upper connecting sleeve being threadedly connected to the bottom end of the hinge column.

[0013] Preferably, an oil injection assembly is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate; the oil injection assembly includes a cylinder fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the top plate; a piston is connected to the cylinder, a connecting rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the piston, a movable block is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting rod, a guide cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the vertical cylinder, the movable block is slidably sleeved with the guide cylinder, a second spring is provided between the top surface of the movable block and the top inner wall of the guide cylinder, and the second spring is sleeved on the connecting rod, a stop block is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the guide cylinder, an oil injection cavity is formed between the top surface of the piston and the bottom surface of the top plate, an interface communicating with the oil injection cavity is provided in the middle of the top plate, a first one-way valve is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the interface, a second one-way valve is fixedly installed on one side of the cylinder, and one end of the second one-way valve communicates with the top side of the oil injection cavity, the second one-way valve is connected to an oil suction pipe, and the bottom end of the oil suction pipe extends to the bottom of the oil storage cavity provided in the vertical cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, a second ball bearing is installed at the bottom of the movable block, and the second ball bearing is in contact with the bottom of the base cover; a boss is provided on the travel path of the second ball bearing, and the boss is fixed to the bottom of the base cover. The boss is an isosceles trapezoid, and slopes are provided on both sides of the boss.

[0015] Preferably, an oil injection hole is provided at the center of the hinge column, the bottom end of the oil injection hole is inserted into the interface, and a first sealing ring is provided between the bottom end of the oil injection hole and the interface. An inner cavity communicating with the oil injection hole is provided inside the hinge column, and a number of extension tubes arranged in a ring array are connected around the inner cavity. The extension tubes extend to the top of the bearing, and an oil outlet hole is provided on the part of the extension tube located inside the bearing.

[0016] Preferably, a groove is formed between the bottom end of the hinge column and the top plate. An oil return pipe is installed on the top plate, the top end of the oil return pipe is connected to the groove, and the bottom end of the oil return pipe extends into the top end of the vertical cylinder. A first oil return hole and a second oil return hole are provided inside the hinge column. The first oil return hole and the second oil return hole are respectively connected to a first oil receiving plate and a second oil receiving plate. The first oil receiving plate and the second oil receiving plate are both installed on the hinge column, and the first oil receiving plate and the second oil receiving plate are respectively located below the bearing at the bottom of the hinge column and below the bearing at the top of the hinge column. A filter is provided below the oil return pipe, and the filter is installed in the top of the oil storage chamber.

[0017] Based on common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain various preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0019] The aforementioned tool changing mechanism for grinding tools utilizes a double-chain drive wheel to drive the guide chain, ensuring that both the top and bottom sides of the guide chain are driven. This, combined with a driven wheel featuring a double-chain, provides guidance and support for the guide chain's movement, ensuring smooth operation and load-bearing capacity. The addition of guide seats provides support for the front and rear sides of the guide chain and guides its movement, further improving its stability and load-bearing capacity. A double-pin positioning mechanism accommodates medium and large grinding equipment, providing double-pin positioning and ensuring stability. In summary, this invention can accommodate both small general-purpose tools and medium and large grinding equipment, solving the problem that traditional tool changing mechanisms cannot support medium and large grinding equipment. Furthermore, the drive wheel connects to bearings on the guide chain, providing rolling friction contact and improving the smoothness of the guide chain's movement. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the servo motor and its mounting position structure according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on the top surface of the base plate of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the drive wheel, driven wheel, and guide chain of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the drive wheel, driven wheel, and guide chain of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide chain of the present invention, which carries a general-purpose cutting tool and a grinding device.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the suspension plate and positioning pin of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the suspension plate and positioning pin of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hole seat of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a top view of the structure above the base plate of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the AA section structure.

[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting walking frame and boss structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting walking frame, hinge column, and bearing of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside and top of the vertical cylinder of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 16 For the present invention Figure 15 Enlarged structural diagram of section B.

[0036] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hinged column of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 18 For the present invention Figure 17 Enlarged structural diagram of section C.

[0038] Figure 19 For the present invention Figure 17 Enlarged structural diagram of section D in the middle.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0040] 1. Base frame; 2. Elevating seat; 3. Base cover; 301. Base plate; 302. Sleeve; 303. Plug; 4. Drive wheel; 401. Chain chain; 5. Driven wheel; 501. Wheel disc; 6. Guide chain; 601. Chain link; 602. Hinge pin; 6021. Oil injection hole; 6022. First oil receiving tray; 6023. First oil return hole; 6024. Second oil return hole; 6025. Inner cavity; 6026. Extension Extension tube; 6027, oil outlet; 6028, second oil receiving tray; 7, bearing; 8, mounting base; 9, tool holder; 901, locating pin; 9011, fixing column; 9012, end shaft; 9013, pressure sleeve; 9014, guide post; 9015, first spring; 902, tool holder; 10, servo motor; 11, guide seat; 12, support frame; 13, support walking frame; 1301, vertical cylinder; 1302 1303. Frame; 1304. First ball bearing; 1305. Movable block; 1306. Second ball bearing; 1307. Upper connecting sleeve; 1308. Guide cylinder; 1309. Connecting rod; 1310. Second spring; 1310. Stop block; 1311. Spacer; 1312. Filter; 1313. Oil suction pipe; 1314. Top plate; 1315. Cylinder; 1316. Piston; 1317. Interface; 1318. 1319 First check valve; 1320 Second check valve; 1321 Oil return pipe; 1321 Oil filler port; 14 Boss; 1401 Ramp; 15 First gear; 16 Second gear; 17 General-purpose cutting tool; 18 Grinding device; 19 Suspension plate; 20 Mounting bracket; 21 Hole seat; 2101 First slot; 2102 Second slot; 2103 Wedge; 2104 Clamping table. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further illustrated by way of embodiments below, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described herein.

[0042] like Figures 1-19 As shown, a tool changing mechanism suitable for grinding tools includes a base cover 3, a support 2 fixedly mounted on the bottom of the base cover 3, and a base frame 1 fixedly mounted on the bottom of the support 2. It also includes:

[0043] The guide chain 6 has a drive wheel 4 and a driven wheel 5 rotatably mounted on the upper left and right sides of the bottom cover 3, respectively. The drive wheel 4 is connected to the drive mechanism. The guide chain 6 is wound around the drive wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5.

[0044] The guide chain 6 is formed by hinged links 601. A hinge post 602 is provided at the hinge point of every two adjacent links 601, and a bearing 7 is installed at the top and bottom of the hinge post 602.

[0045] The drive wheel 4 is provided with a chain disc 401 at the top and bottom, and the two chain discs 401 are respectively connected to the guide chain 6 through the bearings 7 at the top and bottom of the hinge column 602.

[0046] The driven wheel 5 is provided with a wheel disk 501 at both the top and bottom, and the side of the guide chain 6 away from the drive wheel 4 is located between the two wheel disks 501;

[0047] Guide seat 11, there are two guide seats 11, and the two guide seats 11 are slidably connected to the front and rear sides of the guide chain 6 respectively. The guide seats 11 are fixed to the bottom cover 3 by the support frame 12.

[0048] The tool holder 9 is a plurality of tool holders, and the plurality of tool holders 9 are evenly installed on the guide chain 6; a double pin positioning mechanism is provided on the side of the tool holder 9 away from the guide chain 6, and a tool holder 902 is provided on the top of the tool holder 9.

[0049] The guide chain 6 is driven by a drive wheel 4 with double chain discs 401, ensuring that both the top and bottom sides of the guide chain 6 can bear force. This is combined with a driven wheel 5 with double wheel discs 501, forming a groove that guides the movement of the guide chain 6 and provides some support, ensuring smooth movement and load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, a guide seat 11 is provided to support the front and rear sides of the guide chain 6 and guide its movement, further improving the smoothness and load-bearing capacity. By increasing the load-bearing capacity, the tool holder 9 can support not only small general-purpose tools 17, but also medium and large grinding devices 18, such as grinding devices with grinding wheels or belts.

[0050] Furthermore, the general-purpose cutting tool 17 and the grinding device 18 are positioned and placed by the tool holder 902 and the double-pin positioning mechanism on the tool holder 9, respectively.

[0051] The tool holders of the general-purpose tool 17 are from the BT or HSK series, and they are placed using the traditional tool holder 902. The medium and large grinding units 18 are larger in size and weight, and a double-pin positioning mechanism is used to provide double-pin positioning, ensuring the stability of their placement.

[0052] In practical implementation, the tool holder 902 and the double-pin positioning mechanism provide two methods for placing grinding tools. Each individual tool holder 9 uses only one of these two methods, and each tool holder 9 holds only one grinding tool. During tool changing, the drive mechanism drives the drive wheel 4 to rotate. The drive wheel 4, in conjunction with the driven wheel 5, drives the guide chain 6 to move. The guide chain 6 then moves the tool holder 9 and the general-purpose tool 17 and grinding device 18 placed on the tool holder 9 together, so that the general-purpose tool 17 or grinding device 18 that needs to be changed is moved to the tool changing position for tool changing.

[0053] Meanwhile, the drive wheel 4 of this invention is connected to the bearing 7 on the guide chain 6, such as Figures 4-5 As shown, the drive wheel 4 engages with the bearing 7 through grooves on the circumference of the chain 401. The grooves are arranged in a ring array. When the chain 401 rotates, it pushes the bearing 7 to drive the guide chain 6 to move. In the above process, the bearing 7 provides rolling friction contact, which improves the smoothness of the movement of the guide chain 6.

[0054] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 5 As shown, the drive mechanism includes a servo motor 10 installed inside the raised seat 2; the output shaft of the servo motor 10 is connected to a second gear 16, the second gear 16 is meshed with a first gear 15, and the diameter of the first gear 15 is larger than the diameter of the second gear 16, and the first gear 15 is coaxially fixed with the drive wheel 4.

[0055] The servo motor 10 drives the second gear 16 to rotate, and the second gear 16 meshes with the first gear 15 to drive the drive wheel 4 to rotate; at the same time, the transmission between the second gear 16 and the first gear 15 is used to provide a deceleration effect.

[0056] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the tool holder 9 is fixed to the mounting seat 8 provided on the chain link 601, and the mounting seat 8 on the chain link 601 provides a mounting position for the tool holder 9.

[0057] like Figures 7-9 As shown, the double-pin positioning mechanism consists of two positioning pins 901. Each positioning pin 901 includes a fixing post 9011 fixedly mounted on the tool holder 9. An end shaft 9012 is fixedly mounted at the end of the fixing post 9011. A guide post 9014 is fixedly mounted at the end of the end shaft 9012. A pressure sleeve 9013 is slidably sleeved on the guide post 9014. The pressure sleeve 9013 and the end shaft 9012 are elastically connected by a first spring 9015. The outer diameter of the pressure sleeve 9013 and the diameter of the fixing post 9011 are both larger than the diameter of the end shaft 9012, and the outer diameter of the pressure sleeve 9013 is smaller than the diameter of the fixing post 9011.

[0058] like Figures 7-10 As shown, the grinding device 18 is fixedly mounted with a suspension plate 19. The suspension plate 19 has two through slots, and each through slot is fixedly fitted with a hole seat 21. A wedge-shaped part 2103 is provided on the side of the hole seat 21, and a pressing table 2104 is provided on the top of the wedge-shaped part 2103. A first hole groove 2101 and a second hole groove 2102 are respectively provided on the bottom and top sides of the hole seat 21, and the first hole groove 2101 and the second hole groove 2102 are interconnected. The diameter of the first hole groove 2101 is larger than the diameter of the second hole groove 2102.

[0059] The diameter of the first slot 2101 is equal to the diameter of the pressure sleeve 9013, and the diameter of the second slot 2102 is equal to the diameter of the end shaft 9012.

[0060] When the grinding device 18 is installed with the double-pin positioning mechanism via the suspension plate 19, first align the first slot 2101 with the pressure sleeve 9013, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the grinding device 18 and the suspension plate 19 are then moved so that the pressure sleeve 9013 passes through the first slot 2101, and the suspension plate 19 enters between the pressure sleeve 9013 and the fixed post 9011, as shown. Figure 8 As shown, the grinding device 18 is then released, and the grinding device 18 falls under gravity. During the falling process, the wedge-shaped part 2103 squeezes and pushes the side wall of the pressure sleeve 9013, causing the pressure sleeve 9013 to move away from the fixed post 9011. At the same time, the first spring 9015 is compressed until the clamping table 2104 moves between the pressure sleeve 9013 and the fixed post 9011. The compression force of the first spring 9015 causes the pressure sleeve 9013 to be clamped, cooperating with the fixed post 9011 to achieve clamping. At the same time, the end shaft 9012 enters the second hole groove 2102 for suspension positioning.

[0061] When the grinding device 18 is removed, the end shaft 9012 is brought into the first slot 2101 by lifting the grinding device 18, and the first slot 2101 is aligned with the pressure sleeve 9013. Then the grinding device 18 is moved to separate from the pressure sleeve 9013 through the first slot 2101, thus completing the removal.

[0062] Multiple mounting brackets 20 are fixedly installed on the suspension plate 19. The suspension plate 19 is fixed to the grinding device 18 through the mounting brackets 20, so that each grinding device 18 that needs to be placed by the tool changing mechanism has a suspension plate 19.

[0063] The base cover 3 consists of a base plate 301 and a sleeve 302 fixedly fitted onto the circumference of the base plate 301. The space enclosed between the sleeve 302 and the base plate 301 provides operating space for the supporting walking frame 13. Figure 3 as well as Figures 12-14 As shown, it also includes a supporting walking frame 13; the supporting walking frame 13 includes a vertical cylinder 1301; the top end of the vertical cylinder 1301 is connected to the bottom end of the hinge column 602, and two symmetrically arranged frame bodies 1302 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical cylinder 1301. The bottom of each frame body 1302 is equipped with a first ball bearing 1303, and the ball bearing is in contact with the bottom plate 301 at the bottom of the bottom cover 3.

[0064] By providing a support frame 13 at the bottom of each hinged column 602, the support effect of the guide chain 6 is improved, thereby further ensuring the load-bearing capacity of the guide chain 6. When the guide chain 6 moves, the support frame 13 moves together, rolling on the top surface of the base plate 301 via the first ball bearing 1303, reducing friction.

[0065] like Figure 16 As shown, a top plate 1314 is fixedly installed at the top of the vertical cylinder 1301, and an upper connecting sleeve 1306 is fixedly installed at the top center of the top of the top plate 1314. The upper connecting sleeve 1306 is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the hinge column 602.

[0066] The aforementioned threaded connection allows the support frame 13 and the hinge column 602 to be detachable; a threaded hole is provided in the base plate 301, and a threaded plug 303 is threaded into the threaded hole. Figure 2 and Figure 12 As shown, the threaded hole is located on the travel path of the support walking frame 13. During normal operation, the screw plug 303 fills the threaded hole, providing a flat travel surface for the support walking frame 13. When the support walking frame 13 needs to be disassembled, the guide chain 6 moves the support walking frame 13 to be disassembled to the threaded hole. The screw plug 303 is loosened and removed. Then, the tool clamp passes through the threaded hole and clamps the vertical cylinder 1301. The vertical cylinder 1301 is turned to loosen the threads of the upper sleeve 1306 and the hinge post 602, so that the upper sleeve 1306 and the hinge post 602 are separated. Finally, the entire support walking frame 13 is taken out from the threaded hole.

[0067] When installing the support walking frame 13, clamp the vertical cylinder 1301 with a tool clamp to make the upper connecting sleeve 1306 threadedly connected to the bottom end of the hinge column 602, and then install the screw plug 303.

[0068] like Figures 15-16As shown, an oil injection assembly is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate 1314; the oil injection assembly includes a cylinder 1315 fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the top plate 1314; a piston 1316 is connected inside the cylinder 1315, a connecting rod 1308 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the piston 1316, a movable block 1304 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting rod 1308, a guide cylinder 1307 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the vertical cylinder 1301, the movable block 1304 and the guide cylinder 1307 are slidably sleeved, a second spring 1309 is provided between the top surface of the movable block 1304 and the top inner wall of the guide cylinder 1307, and the second spring 1309 is sleeved on... On the connecting rod 1308, a stop block 1310 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the guide cylinder 1307. The top surface of the piston 1316 and the bottom surface of the top plate 1314 form an oil injection chamber. The middle part of the top plate 1314 is provided with an interface 1317 that communicates with the oil injection chamber. A first one-way valve 1318 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the interface 1317. A second one-way valve 1319 is fixedly installed on one side of the cylinder 1315, and one end of the second one-way valve 1319 communicates with the top side of the oil injection chamber. The second one-way valve 1319 is connected to an oil suction pipe 1313. The bottom end of the oil suction pipe 1313 extends to the bottom of the oil storage chamber provided in the vertical cylinder 1301.

[0069] A spacer 1311 is fitted onto the connecting rod 1308. The spacer 1311 is fixed to the top surface of the guide cylinder 1307 and communicates with a hole opened at the top of the guide cylinder 1307. The oil storage chamber is formed by the inner wall of the vertical cylinder 1301, the outer wall of the guide cylinder 1307, and the outer wall of the spacer 1311; and an oil filling port 1321 is provided on the side wall of the vertical cylinder 1301.

[0070] like Figure 13 As shown, a second ball bearing 1305 is installed at the bottom of the movable block 1304, and the second ball bearing 1305 is in contact with the bottom plate 301 of the bottom cover 3; a boss 14 is provided on the travel path of the second ball bearing 1305, and the boss 14 is fixed to the bottom plate 301 of the bottom cover 3. The boss 14 is an isosceles trapezoid, and ramps 1401 are provided on both sides of the boss 14. The ramps 1401 on both sides of the boss 14 are rounded.

[0071] like Figures 17-19 As shown, an oil injection hole 6021 is provided at the center of the hinge column 602. The bottom end of the oil injection hole 6021 is inserted into the interface 1317, and a first sealing ring is provided between the bottom end of the oil injection hole 6021 and the interface 1317. An inner cavity 6025 communicating with the oil injection hole 6021 is provided inside the hinge column 602. Several extension tubes 6026 arranged in a ring array are connected around the inner cavity 6025, and the extension tubes 6026 extend into the top of the bearing 7. An oil outlet hole 6027 is provided on the part of the extension tube 6026 located inside the bearing 7.

[0072] The oil injection assembly, the oil injection hole 6021 inside the hinge column 602, and the extension tube 6026 provide automatic lubrication for the bearing 7, further improving the smoothness of the movement of the guide chain 6.

[0073] During operation, the support frame 13 moves together with the guide chain 6. The second ball bearing 1305 below the support frame 13 travels on the base plate 301 and moves to the boss 14. It then climbs up the ramp 1401 on one side of the boss 14, causing the movable block 1304, connecting rod 1308, and piston 1316 to move upward together, compressing the second spring 1309. The piston 1316 pushes the lubricating oil in the oil injection chamber through the first one-way valve 1318, the interface 1317, and the oil injection hole 6021, entering the inner cavity 6025. Then, the oil is discharged from the oil outlet 6027 on the extension pipe 6026. The bearing 7 is lubricated by the second ball bearing 1305 moving to the highest point of the boss 14. The support frame 13 continues to move together with the guide chain 6, descending the slope 1401 on the other side of the boss 14 until it leaves the boss 14. The elastic force of the second spring 1309 causes the movable block 1304, connecting rod 1308 and piston 1316 to move downward together, so that the oil injection chamber can draw oil. The oil in the storage chamber enters the oil injection chamber through the oil suction pipe 1313 and the second one-way valve 1319 in sequence, so that the oil injection chamber is replenished with oil for the next time it passes the boss 14 to lubricate the bearing 7.

[0074] like Figures 16-19 As shown, a groove is formed between the bottom end of the hinge column 602 and the top plate 1314. An oil return pipe 1320 is installed on the top plate 1314. The top end of the oil return pipe 1320 communicates with the groove, and the bottom end of the oil return pipe 1320 extends into the top end of the vertical cylinder 1301. A first oil return hole 6023 and a second oil return hole 6024 are provided in the hinge column 602. The first oil return hole 6023 and the second oil return hole 6024 are respectively connected to a first oil receiving plate 6022 and a second oil receiving plate 6028. The first oil receiving plate 6022 and the second oil receiving plate 6028 are both installed on the hinge column 602, and the first oil receiving plate 6022 and the second oil receiving plate 6028 are respectively located below the bearing 7 at the bottom of the hinge column 602 and below the bearing 7 at the top of the hinge column 602. A filter 1312 is provided below the oil return pipe 1320, and the filter 1312 is installed in the top of the oil storage chamber.

[0075] When oil is injected into the top of bearing 7, in addition to providing lubrication, the inside of bearing 7 can also be flushed to remove dust that has entered the bearing 7. The dust falls from the bottom of bearing 7 along with the oil and enters the first oil receiving plate 6022 and the second oil receiving plate 6028. Then it enters the interstitial groove through the first oil return hole 6023 and the second oil return hole 6024, and finally flows back to the oil storage chamber through the oil return pipe 1320 to avoid waste. Before entering the oil storage chamber, the oil is filtered by the filter 1312 to ensure the cleanliness of the oil flowing back into the oil storage chamber.

[0076] like Figure 16 As shown, a second sealing ring is provided between the first oil receiving plate 6022 and the upper connecting sleeve 1306 to provide a seal at the connection.

[0077] This invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Any changes in shape or structure shall fall within the protection scope of this invention. The protection scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of this invention, but all such changes and modifications shall fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. Tool changing mechanism suitable for grinding tools, comprising a bottom cover (3), characterised in that, Also include: Chain guide (6), the upper left and right sides of the bottom cover (3) are respectively rotatably installed with driving wheel (4) and driven wheel (5), the driving wheel (4) is connected with driving mechanism;The chain guide (6) is arranged to the driving wheel (4) and driven wheel (5); The chain guide (6) is hinged by a plurality of chain links (601), and the hinge column (602) is arranged at the hinge of every two adjacent chain links (601), and the top and bottom of the hinge column (602) is provided with bearing (7); The top and bottom of the driving wheel (4) are provided with a chain disc (401), and the two chain discs (401) are respectively connected with the chain guide (6) through the bearings (7) at the top and bottom of the hinge column (602); The top and bottom of the driven wheel (5) are provided with a wheel disc (501), and the side of the chain guide (6) away from the driving wheel (4) is located between the two wheel discs (501); Guide seat (11), the number of guide seat (11) is two, and the front and rear sides of the chain guide (6) are respectively connected with the guide seat (11), and the guide seat (11) is fixed with the bottom cover (3) through the support frame (12); The number of the knife seat (9) is multiple, and the multiple knife seats (9) are uniformly installed on the chain guide (6);The side of the knife seat (9) away from the chain guide (6) is provided with a double pin positioning mechanism, and the top of the knife seat (9) is provided with a knife holder (902).

2. The tool changer suitable for grinding tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a servo motor (10), the output shaft of the servo motor (10) is connected with a second gear (16), the second gear (16) is connected with a first gear (15), and the diameter of the first gear (15) is greater than that of the second gear (16), and the first gear (15) is coaxially fixed with the driving wheel (4).

3. The tool changer suitable for grinding tools as defined in claim 1, characterized in that: The double pin positioning mechanism is composed of two positioning pins (901);The positioning pin (901) comprises a fixed column (9011) fixedly installed on the knife seat (9), an end shaft (9012) fixedly installed at the end of the fixed column (9011), a guide column (9014) fixedly installed at the end of the end shaft (9012), a pressure sleeve (9013) slidably sleeved on the guide column (9014), and the pressure sleeve (9013) and the end shaft (9012) are elastically connected by a first spring (9015), the outer diameter of the pressure sleeve (9013) and the diameter of the fixed column (9011) are greater than the diameter of the end shaft (9012), and the outer diameter of the pressure sleeve (9013) is less than the diameter of the fixed column (9011).

4. The tool changer suitable for grinding tools as defined in claim 3, characterized in that: Also include the hanging plate (19), the two through grooves are set up on the hanging plate (19), and the two through grooves are fixedly embedded and installed with the hole seat (21); The side of the hole seat (21) is provided with a wedge part (2103), the top of the wedge part (2103) is provided with a pressing table (2104), the bottom side and the top side of the hole seat (21) are provided with a first hole groove (2101) and a second hole groove (2102) respectively, and the first hole groove (2101) and the second hole groove (2102) are communicated with each other, the hole diameter of the first hole groove (2101) is greater than the hole diameter of the second hole groove (2102).

5. The tool changer suitable for grinding tools as defined in claim 1, characterized in that: Also include support walking frame (13); The support walking frame (13) includes a vertical cylinder (1301); The top end of the vertical cylinder (1301) is connected with the bottom end of the hinge column (602), and the bottom of the vertical cylinder (1301) is fixedly installed with two symmetrically arranged frame bodies (1302), the bottom of the frame body (1302) is installed with a first ball (1303), and the ball is attached to the bottom of the bottom cover (3).

6. The tool changer suitable for grinding tools as defined in claim 5, characterized in that: The top end of the vertical cylinder (1301) is fixedly installed with a top plate (1314), and the top center of the top plate (1314) is fixedly installed with an upper sleeve (1306), and the upper sleeve (1306) is threadedly connected with the bottom end of the hinge column (602).

7. A tool changer suitable for grinding tools as defined in claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the top plate (1314) is fixedly installed with an oil injection assembly; The oil injection assembly includes a cylinder (1315) fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the top plate (1314); The piston (1316) is connected in the cylinder (1315), the bottom of the piston (1316) is fixedly installed with a connecting rod (1308), the bottom end of the connecting rod (1308) is fixedly installed with a movable block (1304), the bottom end of the vertical cylinder (1301) is fixedly installed with a guide cylinder (1307), the movable block (1304) is slidably sleeved with the guide cylinder (1307), the second spring (1309) is arranged between the top surface of the movable block (1304) and the top inner wall of the guide cylinder (1307), and the second spring (1309) is sleeved on the connecting rod (1308), the inner side wall of the guide cylinder (1307) is fixedly installed with a stop block (1310), the top surface of the piston (1316) and the bottom surface of the top plate (1314) form an oil injection cavity, the middle part of the top plate (1314) is provided with an interface (1317) communicated with the oil injection cavity, the bottom end of the interface (1317) is fixedly installed with a first one-way valve (1318), one side of the cylinder (1315) is fixedly installed with a second one-way valve (1319), and one end of the second one-way valve (1319) is communicated with the top side of the oil injection cavity, the second one-way valve (1319) is connected with an oil suction pipe (1313), and the bottom end of the oil suction pipe (1313) extends to the bottom of the oil storage cavity arranged in the vertical cylinder (1301).

8. The tool changer suitable for grinding tools as defined in claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the movable block (1304) is provided with a second ball (1305), and the second ball (1305) is attached to the bottom of the bottom cover (3); a boss (14) is arranged on the running path of the second ball (1305), and the boss (14) is fixed to the bottom of the bottom cover (3); the boss (14) is an isosceles trapezoid, and slopes (1401) are arranged on both sides of the boss (14).

9. The tool changer suitable for grinding tools as defined in claim 7, characterized in that: An oil injection hole (6021) is arranged at the shaft center of the hinge column (602), the bottom end of the oil injection hole (6021) is inserted into the interface (1317), and a first sealing ring is arranged between the bottom end of the oil injection hole (6021) and the interface (1317); the hinge column (602) is internally provided with an inner cavity (6025) in communication with the oil injection hole (6021), a plurality of extension pipes (6026) arranged in a ring array are in communication around the inner cavity (6025), and the extension pipes (6026) extend into the top of the bearing (7); the part of the extension pipes (6026) in the bearing (7) is provided with an oil outlet hole (6027).

10. The tool changer suitable for grinding tools as defined in claim 9, characterized in that: A gap is formed between the bottom end of the hinge column (602) and the top plate (1314), the top plate (1314) is provided with an oil return pipe (1320), the top end of the oil return pipe (1320) is in communication with the gap, and the bottom end of the oil return pipe (1320) extends into the top end of the vertical cylinder (1301); the hinge column (602) is provided with a first oil return hole (6023) and a second oil return hole (6024), the first oil return hole (6023) and the second oil return hole (6024) are respectively in communication with a first oil receiving disc (6022) and a second oil receiving disc (6028), the first oil receiving disc (6022) and the second oil receiving disc (6028) are both mounted to the hinge column (602), and the first oil receiving disc (6022) and the second oil receiving disc (6028) are respectively located below the bearing (7) at the bottom of the hinge column (602) and below the bearing (7) at the top of the hinge column (602); a filter (1312) is arranged below the oil return pipe (1320), and the filter (1312) is mounted into the top of the oil storage cavity.

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