Dolomite sanding stratum tunnel high pressure curtain grouting regulation method and system

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of sanding ground grouting regulation, and relates to a dolomite sanding stratum tunnel high-pressure curtain grouting regulation method and system. The present application generates a sanding rate grade map and a splitting early warning signal, overcomes the ambiguity and uncertainty of single sensing information in identifying complex geological conditions, and improves the accuracy of stratum state perception. A dynamic linkage mechanism between stratum state, risk early warning, and slurry parameters and grouting parameters is established, slurry proportioning and grouting pressure are automatically and differentially regulated according to the sanding grade, the best matching of slurry properties and stratum demand and the dynamic balance of safety and efficiency are realized, the curtain formation is mastered in real time through real-time imaging and closed-loop feedback regulation of grouting effect, the construction scheme is continuously optimized according to objective data, the uniformity, continuity and overall quality of the dolomite sanding stratum tunnel high-pressure curtain grouting are ensured, and material waste and construction delay are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of grouting control technology for dolomite sandy strata, and relates to a high-pressure curtain grouting control method and system for tunnels in dolomite sandy strata. Background Technology

[0002] High-pressure curtain grouting is a widely used pre-reinforcement and seepage prevention technology in underground engineering, especially crucial when encountering water-rich and fractured strata during mine and tunnel excavation. Its basic principle involves using a high-pressure pump to inject a specially formulated grout into the pores or fissures of the strata. After solidification, the grout forms a continuous curtain with certain strength and seepage prevention properties, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock, isolating groundwater, and ensuring construction safety and long-term structural stability. Dolomite strata are prone to sandification under certain geological conditions, forming sandy strata with high porosity, loose structure, and poor stability, posing a significant challenge to curtain grouting construction.

[0003] Current technologies for treating dolomite sandy formations typically employ conventional grouting methods. These methods are often based on limited borehole geological survey data, with pre-set fixed grout mix ratios and parameters such as grouting pressure and flow rate. Furthermore, current techniques rely heavily on operator experience, relying on observation of grouting pressure gauge readings or grout consumption to roughly assess the grouting progress and make rough manual adjustments to parameters accordingly. Some more advanced processes may employ a single physical detection method, such as resistivity analysis, for indirect, delayed monitoring of the grout diffusion range.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies have significant limitations when dealing with highly uneven dolomite sandy formations. Due to the extremely uneven spatial distribution of sandification, fixed grouting parameters are difficult to adapt to the variability of the formation, easily leading to ineffective grout penetration in dense areas and excessive grout loss in loose areas, even causing formation fracturing. Relying solely on manual experience for control is slow and inaccurate. Single monitoring methods cannot comprehensively and in real-time reflect the complex dynamic response of the formation and the actual formation of the grout curtain during the grouting process, leaving the entire construction process largely in a "blind" state, resulting in uncontrollable curtain quality, high safety risks, and serious material waste. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology, a high-pressure curtain grouting control method and system for tunnels in dolomite sandy strata is proposed.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: The first aspect of this invention provides a high-pressure curtain grouting control method for tunnels in dolomite sandy strata, including: S1, data monitoring and analysis: the grouting area of ​​the dolomite sandy strata is recorded as the target grouting area, real-time monitoring data of a multi-source sensor array arranged in the target grouting area is obtained, and a sandy grading map is generated based on the stratum state fusion analysis, while a splitting early warning signal is generated.

[0007] S2. Intelligent control of grout: Based on the sandification rate level map, the rheological parameters of the grout delivered to different grouting zones of the target grouting area are dynamically adjusted. At the same time, based on the sandification rate level map and the fracturing early warning signal, the grouting parameters of different grouting zones of the target grouting area are dynamically controlled.

[0008] S3. Generation of effect distribution map: The multi-source sensor array is used to collect grouting process data of different grouting zones in the target grouting area, and a curtain effect distribution map is generated by comparing the process data before and after grouting.

[0009] S4. Intelligent correction of grout: Correct the grout rheological parameters and grouting parameters based on the curtain effect distribution map.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the multi-source sensor array includes an acoustic sensor, a resistivity sensor, a micro-vibration sensor, and an in-hole pressure sensor.

[0011] The specific process of acquiring real-time monitoring data of the multi-source sensor array arranged in the target grouting area includes: synchronously acquiring wave velocity attenuation characteristics output by acoustic sensors, formation conductivity characteristics output by resistivity sensors, vibration spectrum characteristics output by microseismic sensors, and hydraulic pulsation characteristics output by borehole pressure sensors, and integrating the wave velocity attenuation characteristics, formation conductivity characteristics, vibration spectrum characteristics, and hydraulic pulsation characteristics into the real-time monitoring data.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the specific process of generating a sandification rate map through stratigraphic state fusion analysis includes:

[0013] Extract wave velocity attenuation characteristics, formation conductivity characteristics, and vibration spectrum characteristics of the target grouting area from real-time monitoring data;

[0014] The wave velocity attenuation characteristics and formation conductivity characteristics are cross-validated to eliminate environmental interference errors. Based on the verified mapping relationship between the wave velocity attenuation characteristics and formation conductivity characteristics, the porosity development level regions are divided.

[0015] By superimposing the vibration spectrum features, the risk correction is performed on the porosity development level region, and a sandification rate level map labeled with severe sandification area, moderate sandification area and slight sandification area is output.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the specific process of generating the splitting early warning signal includes:

[0017] Extract the vibration spectrum characteristics and hydraulic pulsation characteristics of the target grouting area from real-time monitoring data;

[0018] The power spectral density of the target grouting area in the frequency band is calculated in real time. If it shows a nonlinear and sharp jump in a very short time, a high-frequency energy mutation point is identified in the target grouting area in the frequency band. The high-frequency energy mutation point in the vibration spectrum feature is extracted in this way.

[0019] Simultaneously, the first derivative of the hydraulic pulsation characteristics of the target grouting area is calculated, that is, the first derivative of the curve of the grouting pressure of the target grouting area changing with time is calculated to obtain the hydraulic slope of the target grouting area, and the slope change of the hydraulic slope in the corresponding coordinate is detected.

[0020] When the high-frequency energy mutation point coincides with the region of sharp increase in hydraulic slope, the splitting warning signal containing the location identifier is generated.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the specific process of dynamically adjusting the rheological parameters of the grout delivered to different grouting zones of the target grouting area based on the sandification rate level map includes:

[0022] Identify the coordinates of the severely sanded areas marked on the sanding rate level chart, and control the intelligent proportioning unit to deliver low-viscosity slurry containing inert fine particles to the severely sanded areas;

[0023] Identify the coordinates of the sandification medium zone marked on the sandification rate grade map, and control the intelligent proportioning unit to deliver standard slurry to the sandification medium zone;

[0024] Identify the coordinates of the slightly sanded areas marked on the sanding rate grade chart, and control the intelligent proportioning unit to deliver high-solids content slurry to the slightly sanded areas.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the specific process of dynamically adjusting the grouting parameters of different grouting zones in the target grouting area based on the sandification rate level map and the fracturing early warning signal includes:

[0026] Locate the position marker area in the splitting early warning signal, and query the porosity development level of the position marker area in the sandification rate level map;

[0027] If the area is severely sandy, a millisecond-level pressure reduction command is triggered and the quick-setting slurry is switched;

[0028] If the area is slightly sandy, then the stepped pressurization mode is activated and the current slurry rheological parameters are maintained.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the specific process of acquiring grouting process data of different grouting zones in the target grouting area using the multi-source sensor array includes:

[0030] During the grouting interval, wave velocity reconstruction features updated by the acoustic sensor and conductivity reconstruction features updated by the resistivity sensor are acquired, and the wave velocity reconstruction features and conductivity reconstruction features are combined into the grouting process data.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the specific process of generating the curtain effect distribution map based on the comparison of process data before and after grouting includes:

[0032] Extract the baseline wave velocity reconstruction features and baseline conductivity reconstruction features of different grouting zones in the target grouting area before grouting from the database, and extract the wave velocity reconstruction features and conductivity reconstruction features of different grouting zones in the target grouting area after grouting.

[0033] By comparing the baseline wave velocity characteristics and wave velocity reconstruction characteristics of different grouting zones in the target grouting area before and after grouting, the wave velocity enhancement rate matrix of different grouting zones in the target grouting area is calculated.

[0034] By comparing the baseline conductivity characteristics and conductivity reconstruction characteristics of different grouting zones in the target grouting area before and after grouting, the conductivity change rate matrix of different grouting zones in the target grouting area is calculated.

[0035] By fusing the wave velocity rise rate matrix and the conductivity change rate matrix, a three-dimensional curtain effect distribution map of different grouting zones in the target grouting area is generated.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the specific process of correcting the grout rheological parameters and grouting parameters based on the curtain effect distribution map includes:

[0037] Traverse the curtain effect distribution map, filter out the weak area coordinates where the filling saturation is below the threshold, increase the fine particle content of the grout sent to the weak area coordinates and increase the grouting pressure gradient;

[0038] Traverse the curtain effect distribution map, filter out the coordinates of the oversaturated areas where slurry is concentrated, reduce the slurry flow rate to the oversaturated area coordinates and reduce the grouting time.

[0039] The second aspect of the present invention provides a high-pressure curtain grouting control system for tunnels in dolomite sandy strata, comprising: a data monitoring and analysis module, which records the grouting area of ​​the dolomite sandy strata as the target grouting area, acquires real-time monitoring data of a multi-source sensor array arranged within the target grouting area, performs stratum state fusion analysis based on the data to generate a sandyization rate level map, and generates a splitting early warning signal.

[0040] The intelligent grout control module dynamically adjusts the rheological parameters of the grout delivered to different grouting zones of the target grouting area based on the sandification rate level map, and simultaneously dynamically controls the grouting parameters of different grouting zones of the target grouting area based on the sandification rate level map and the fracturing early warning signal.

[0041] The effect distribution map generation module uses the multi-source sensor array to collect grouting process data of different grouting zones in the target grouting area, and generates a curtain effect distribution map based on the comparison of process data before and after grouting.

[0042] The grout intelligent correction module corrects the grout rheological parameters and grouting parameters based on the curtain effect distribution map.

[0043] The database stores the baseline wave velocity reconstruction characteristics and baseline conductivity reconstruction characteristics of different grouting zones in the target grouting area before grouting.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention generates a sandification rate level map and a splitting early warning signal by fusing and analyzing real-time monitoring data, which overcomes the ambiguity and uncertainty of single sensor information in identifying complex geological conditions, provides a reliable decision-making basis for subsequent precise control, and improves the accuracy of the perception of the stratum state.

[0045] 2. This invention establishes a dynamic linkage mechanism between formation status, risk warning, grout parameters, and grouting parameters. It can automatically and differentially adjust the grout mix ratio and grouting pressure based on the real-time perception of the formation sandification degree and fracturing risk, achieving the best match between grout properties and formation requirements, as well as a dynamic balance between safety and efficiency, and greatly improving the intelligence level and safety of grouting construction.

[0046] 3. This invention achieves transparency and visualization of the underground grouting process through real-time imaging and closed-loop feedback control of the grouting effect, thereby enabling real-time monitoring of the curtain formation and continuous optimization of the construction plan based on objective data. This ensures the uniformity, continuity, and overall quality of high-pressure curtain grouting in sandy strata, while avoiding unnecessary material waste and construction delays. Attached Figure Description

[0047] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation steps of the method of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system module connections of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a curve showing the change of grouting pressure over time according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a high-pressure curtain grouting control method for tunnels in dolomite sandy strata. The specific steps are as follows: S1, Data monitoring and analysis: The grouting area of ​​the dolomite sandy strata is recorded as the target grouting area. Real-time monitoring data of the multi-source sensor array arranged in the target grouting area is obtained, and the stratum state fusion analysis is performed based on this to generate a sandyization rate level map, and a splitting early warning signal is generated at the same time.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-source sensor array includes an acoustic sensor, a resistivity sensor, a micro-vibration sensor, and an intra-orifice pressure sensor.

[0055] Specifically, a multi-source sensor array is deployed via boreholes within the target grouting area and surrounding key geological structures, forming a three-dimensional underground real-time sensing network. Synchronous data acquisition is achieved through a central data acquisition unit (DAQ), which sends trigger signals or records timestamps to all sensors in the array using a unified high-frequency clock, ensuring that all data are precisely aligned in the time dimension, providing a foundation for subsequent causal relationship analysis.

[0056] The specific process of acquiring real-time monitoring data of the multi-source sensor array arranged in the target grouting area includes: synchronously acquiring wave velocity attenuation characteristics output by acoustic sensors, formation conductivity characteristics output by resistivity sensors, vibration spectrum characteristics output by microseismic sensors, and hydraulic pulsation characteristics output by borehole pressure sensors, and integrating the wave velocity attenuation characteristics, formation conductivity characteristics, vibration spectrum characteristics, and hydraulic pulsation characteristics into the real-time monitoring data.

[0057] Specifically, the operation of the acoustic wave sensor involves exciting a sound wave pulse of a specific frequency within the transmitting aperture, and recording the arrival time and amplitude of this pulse on acoustic wave sensors within multiple receiving apertures. By calculating the propagation time of the sound wave along different transmitting and receiving paths and the known distance, the sound wave velocity is obtained. Then, by comparing the logarithmic ratio of the transmitted amplitude and the received amplitude, the degree of attenuation is calculated, thereby obtaining the wave velocity attenuation characteristics.

[0058] The operation of resistivity sensors typically employs the four-electrode method, which involves injecting a stable current into the formation through a pair of power supply electrodes while simultaneously measuring the potential difference between another pair of measuring electrodes. The formation's conductivity characteristics, or apparent resistivity, are physical quantities calculated based on the injected current, the measured potential difference, and geometric factors determined by the electrode arrangement.

[0059] The operation of the microseismic sensor involves passively and continuously monitoring the acoustic emission signals of tiny fractures generated in the formation under grouting stress using a high-sensitivity geophone. The acquired time-domain vibration waveform signals are processed by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to convert them to the frequency domain, forming the vibration spectrum characteristics of energy distribution with frequency.

[0060] The operation of the in-hole pressure sensor involves placing the sensor inside the grouting pipeline or grouting hole to record the change curve of grout pressure over time in real time. By performing a high-pass filter on this pressure curve, high-frequency pressure fluctuations caused by grout turbulence or minor formation responses can be separated, which are the hydraulic pulsation characteristics.

[0061] Finally, the central data acquisition unit integrates wave velocity attenuation characteristics, formation conductivity characteristics, vibration spectrum characteristics, and hydraulic pulsation characteristics from different sensors, each with a synchronized timestamp, into a structured data stream, forming the aforementioned real-time monitoring data. This data can be represented by a multi-dimensional feature vector. express.

[0062] The ,in Represents spatial location and time Real-time monitoring data; The speed of sound waves; The sound wave attenuation coefficient; Apparent resistivity; Represents spatial location In time The power spectral density of the microseismic signal is the frequency. The function; This refers to the amplitude of hydraulic pulsation. These parameters are either directly measured by the aforementioned sensors or calculated using basic physical formulas.

[0063] In a preferred feasible embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of generating a sandification rate map by performing formation state fusion analysis includes: extracting wave velocity attenuation characteristics, formation conductivity characteristics and vibration spectrum characteristics of the target grouting area from real-time monitoring data.

[0064] The wave velocity attenuation characteristics and formation conductivity characteristics are cross-validated to eliminate environmental interference errors. Based on the verified mapping relationship between the wave velocity attenuation characteristics and formation conductivity characteristics, the porosity development level regions are divided.

[0065] Specifically, the central processing unit performs a consistency assessment of the wave velocity attenuation characteristics and formation conductivity characteristics of each spatial unit within the target grouting area. The basic principle is that the degree of sandification in dolomite is closely related to its pore structure and water content, and these two physical properties simultaneously affect acoustic wave propagation and electrical conductivity. For example, if a spatial unit exhibits both low wave velocity attenuation characteristics and low formation conductivity characteristics, it highly consistently points to the unit being a sandy region with well-developed pores and rich in conductive fluids. Low wave velocity attenuation characteristics specifically include slow acoustic wave propagation speed and rapid energy attenuation, while low formation conductivity characteristics specifically include low resistivity.

[0066] Using a pre-defined classification model, the two-dimensional data points of wave velocity attenuation characteristics and formation conductivity characteristics of each spatial unit are mapped to predefined porosity development levels. This model divides the feature space into multiple regions, corresponding to severely sandy areas, moderately sandy areas, and slightly sandy areas, respectively. For example, data points falling within low sound velocity and low resistivity regions are classified as severely sandy areas. After this step, a preliminary porosity development level regional map characterizing the static porosity structure of the formation is formed.

[0067] In a specific example, if the propagation speed of sound waves in this unit is only 3000m / s, which is much lower than the normal wave speed of 5000-6000m / s of intact dolomite, and the sound wave energy attenuation rate is 60%, which is significantly higher than the attenuation rate of less than 20% in the unsanded area, then this unit is recorded as a low sound speed area.

[0068] If the apparent resistivity of a unit is 50 Ω·m, which is much lower than the resistivity of intact dolomite (above 200 Ω·m), then the unit is designated as a low resistivity region.

[0069] By superimposing the vibration spectrum features, the risk correction is performed on the porosity development level region, and a sandification rate level map labeled with severe sandification area, moderate sandification area and slight sandification area is output.

[0070] Specifically, the seismic spectral characteristics representing the dynamic stability of the formation are superimposed onto a static porosity development level map. For any unit in the map classified as a severely or moderately sandy area, if its corresponding seismic spectral characteristics show an abnormal increase in energy in a specific frequency band related to microfractures in the rock mass, the risk level of that unit is dynamically upgraded, i.e., a dynamic instability risk label is assigned to the static porosity map. This process can be represented as applying a dynamic instability risk label to each spatial unit. Calculate its final sandification grade. .

[0071] The ,in It is a unit The final sandification grade; It is a classification function that determines the wave velocity attenuation characteristics based on cross-validation. and formation conductivity characteristics Output a basic porosity development level; It is a risk factor extracted from the vibration spectrum characteristics, characterizing the intensity of micro-fracture activity; It is a fusion function that outputs a final sandification grade, including risk-corrected information, based on the basic porosity grade and risk factors. For example, if... The output shows "severe sandification" and If the preset threshold is exceeded, then The output is "High risk - severe sandification".

[0072] A specific example, the specific process of calculating the final sandification grade using the above formula includes: (1) classification function First pass and Determine the base level: If The display indicates "low speed of sound," meaning that sound waves travel slowly and attenuate quickly. If the display indicates "low resistivity," then it means high conductivity. Output "Severely Sandy Area"; if and At a moderate level, Output "Sandification Zone".

[0073] (2) Fusion function Introduction Adjust the base level: If Output "Severely Sandy Area", and If the micro-fracture strength exceeds the preset safety threshold, then... The output "High Risk - Severe Sandification Area" indicates that the area is not only severely sandified, but may also experience further instability due to micro-fractures; if The output is "medium-sized sandy area", but If the activity is below the threshold, i.e., the microfracture activity is weak, then... The output "Low Risk - Moderate Sandification Zone" indicates that the area has a moderate degree of sandification and good stability.

[0074] The final sandification grade of all spatial units in the entire grouting area. A 3D reconstruction and visualization were performed to generate a dynamically updated sandification rate map. The map clearly shows the 3D spatial distribution of severely sanded, moderately sanded, and slightly sanded areas using different colors or markers, and areas with potential instability risks are highlighted.

[0075] In a preferred feasible embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of generating the splitting early warning signal includes: extracting the vibration spectrum characteristics and hydraulic pulsation characteristics of the target grouting area from real-time monitoring data.

[0076] The power spectral density of the target grouting area within the frequency band is calculated in real time. If a nonlinear and sharp jump occurs within a very short time, a high-frequency energy mutation point is identified in the target grouting area within the frequency band, thereby extracting the high-frequency energy mutation point from the vibration spectrum characteristics.

[0077] It should be explained that the high-frequency energy mutation point refers to a feature point related to formation micro-fractures identified within the frequency band when the power spectral density within the target grouting area is detected to have a nonlinear and sharp jump within a very short time during real-time calculation. The core of this feature lies in the dynamic characteristic of a "nonlinear and sharp jump within a very short time," rather than a fixed numerical standard. The specific value will vary depending on factors such as the geological conditions of the target grouting area and the stage of grouting construction. For example, during grouting in a sandy formation, the power spectral density within the frequency band may initially be stable at a relatively low level, let's say value A. However, within milliseconds, it may suddenly jump to a level far exceeding value A, such as several times or even tens of times the value A. This jump point is then identified as a high-frequency energy mutation point.

[0078] Simultaneously, the first derivative of the hydraulic pulsation characteristics of the target grouting area is calculated, that is, the first derivative of the curve of the grouting pressure of the target grouting area changing with time is calculated to obtain the hydraulic slope of the target grouting area, and the slope change of the hydraulic slope at the corresponding coordinate is detected.

[0079] It should be further noted that the curve of the grouting pressure changing with time is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0080] It should be noted that during normal infiltration grouting, the pressure rises steadily, and the hydraulic slope remains within a relatively stable or slowly increasing range. However, when the stratum is about to or is undergoing fracturing, the grout suddenly gains a new, low-resistance flow channel, causing the pressure to momentarily unload, stagnate, or even decrease. Subsequently, it may fluctuate again due to the expansion of new fractures. This abnormal pressure behavior is manifested on the hydraulic slope curve as one or more abruptly changing characteristic points, especially near the moment of high-frequency energy mutation, where a sudden increase in the rate of pressure increase occurs—that is, instantaneous pressure stagnation before fracturing—or a sudden drop occurs, indicating the occurrence of fracturing.

[0081] In a specific example, suppose that during the normal permeation grouting stage of dolomite sand formation, the hydraulic slope in a certain area is monitored to jump from 5 MPa / min to 25 MPa / min within 1 second and continues to exceed the preset threshold of 20 MPa / min, then it is determined as "sharp increase in hydraulic slope".

[0082] When the high-frequency energy mutation point coincides with the region of sharp increase in hydraulic slope, the splitting warning signal containing the location identifier is generated.

[0083] Specifically, a structured splitting warning signal is generated if and only if a high-frequency energy mutation point is detected simultaneously with a region of rapid increase in hydraulic slope that is synchronous in time and spatially associated with it.

[0084] It should be further explained that the splitting warning signal is a data packet, which contains the warning level, the timestamp of the event, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the splitting event area, i.e., the location identifier.

[0085] This invention generates a sandification rate level map and a fracturing early warning signal by fusing and analyzing real-time monitoring data. This overcomes the ambiguity and uncertainty of single sensor information when identifying complex geological conditions, provides a reliable decision-making basis for subsequent precise control, and improves the accuracy of the perception of the stratum state.

[0086] S2. Intelligent control of grout: Based on the sandification rate level map, the rheological parameters of the grout delivered to different grouting zones of the target grouting area are dynamically adjusted. At the same time, based on the sandification rate level map and the fracturing early warning signal, the grouting parameters of different grouting zones of the target grouting area are dynamically controlled.

[0087] In a preferred feasible embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of dynamically adjusting the rheological parameters of the slurry delivered to different grouting zones of the target grouting area based on the sandification rate level map includes: identifying the coordinates of the severely sanded areas marked on the sandification rate level map, and controlling the intelligent proportioning unit to deliver low-viscosity slurry containing inert fine particles to the severely sanded areas.

[0088] In a specific example, the dynamic viscosity of the low-viscosity slurry can typically be controlled within the range of 100-500 mPa·s. Specifically, when a region is detected as severely sandy, the intelligent proportioning unit will reduce the slurry viscosity to this range by adjusting the water-cement ratio and adding water-reducing agents.

[0089] Identify the coordinates of the medium sandification zone marked on the sandification rate grade map, and control the intelligent proportioning unit to deliver standard slurry to the medium sandification zone.

[0090] In a specific example, the standard grout is typically made with cement as the base material, mixed with an appropriate amount of water and conventional additives. For instance, its water-cement ratio can be controlled between 0.8 and 1.2, and its dynamic viscosity is generally in the range of 500-1500 mPa·s, ensuring both sufficient fluidity to fill medium-sized pores and cracks and adequate viscosity to avoid excessive penetration and loss.

[0091] Identify the coordinates of the slightly sanded areas marked on the sanding rate grade chart, and control the intelligent proportioning unit to deliver high-solids content slurry to the slightly sanded areas.

[0092] In a specific example, the high-solids-content slurry has a significantly higher proportion of solid materials such as cement and ultrafine mineral admixtures. For instance, the water-cement ratio can be controlled between 0.5 and 0.7, meaning the mass ratio of water to cement is 0.5:1 to 0.7:1. At this ratio, the volume percentage of solid particles in the slurry can reach over 60%. Under this ratio, the dynamic viscosity of the slurry is typically in the range of 1500-3000 mPa·s, exhibiting lower fluidity but faster compressive strength development.

[0093] Specifically, the central processing module analyzes the sandification rate level map in real time, identifying and extracting the three-dimensional spatial coordinate sets of different sandification level regions in the map. For example, the system generates a coordinate list of severely sanded areas and a coordinate list of slightly sanded areas. These coordinates form a precise correspondence with the grouting holes or specific grouting sections on site. The central processing unit issues control commands to the intelligent mixing unit based on a preset grout adaptation strategy library. This strategy library is constructed based on a large amount of experimental data and geotechnical mechanics theory, and its core is to establish a mapping relationship between sandification level and optimal grout rheological parameters. Rheological parameters refer to physical quantities that describe the flow and deformation behavior of fluids, mainly including viscosity, yield stress, and thixotropy.

[0094] For areas with severe sandification, the strategy library instructs the intelligent proportioning unit to perform the following operations: After identifying the target area as a severely sandified zone, the intelligent proportioning unit controls the corresponding valves and metering pumps to extract base cement slurry, water, and additives from different storage tanks in a specific ratio, generating a low-viscosity slurry containing inert fine particles. The particle size of inert fine particles such as fly ash and slag powder is optimized to form a "bridging effect" in the large pores of the formation, quickly sealing large seepage channels and preventing excessive slurry loss. At the same time, the low viscosity ensures that the slurry has good fluidity and permeability, enabling it to deeply fill the fine pore network formed by sandification.

[0095] For areas with slight sandification, the strategy library will issue different instructions. After identifying the target area as a slightly sandified zone, the intelligent proportioning unit will adjust the formula, reducing the proportion of water or increasing the proportion of solid materials such as cement, and may add thickeners to prepare a high-solids-content grout. This grout has high viscosity and rapid compressive strength development, enabling it to overcome the seepage resistance of dense strata under high grouting pressure, and firmly cement rock particles to form a robust seepage-proof structure.

[0096] The entire process is automated by an intelligent proportioning unit. Its internal online sensors monitor key rheological parameters such as viscosity and density of the mixed slurry in real time, and through closed-loop feedback control, ensure that the properties of the final slurry precisely match the command values. Then, through branch control valves, slurries of different properties are precisely delivered to the grouting pipelines of the corresponding sandification grade areas.

[0097] In a preferred feasible embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of dynamically adjusting the grouting parameters of different grouting zones of the target grouting area based on the sandification rate level map and the splitting early warning signal includes: locating the location marker area in the splitting early warning signal and querying the porosity development level of the location marker area in the sandification rate level map.

[0098] If the area marked at this location is a severely sandy area, a millisecond-level pressure reduction command is triggered and the quick-setting slurry is switched.

[0099] Specifically, if the porosity level of the marked area is a severely sandy zone, this means that an instability precursor has appeared in a region with a very fragile structure and well-developed porosity. It also indicates that the existing grouting pressure may have exceeded the bearing capacity of this fragile stratum. Therefore, the highest level of response is immediately triggered: a millisecond-level pressure reduction command. This command is sent directly to the adaptive grouting execution module via a high-speed bus, controlling the electromagnetic flow valve to quickly shut off or significantly reduce the flow rate, achieving instantaneous unloading of the grouting pressure in this area. Simultaneously, the central processing unit sends a command to the intelligent grout control unit to switch the grout supplied to the marked area to a fast-setting grout. The fast-setting grout solidifies in a very short time; its purpose is no longer permeation, but rather to quickly seal existing micro-cracks and prevent their further expansion.

[0100] If the marked area is a slightly sandy zone, then the stepped pressurization mode is activated and the current slurry rheological parameters are maintained.

[0101] Specifically, if the porosity development level of the marked area is a slightly sandy zone, this means that pre-fracture precursors have appeared in a relatively dense and solid stratum. This interpretation is quite different from the former; it usually does not represent overall formation instability, but rather indicates that the grouting pressure is effectively overcoming the resistance of the dense rock mass and may be forming the desired grouting fractures. To further improve grouting efficiency while ensuring safety, a stepped pressurization mode will be activated. In this mode, the grouting pressure will not increase indefinitely, but will gradually increase at a more gradual and controlled rate according to a preset step function. Simultaneously, the system will more closely monitor the microseismic activity and pressure feedback in the area to ensure that fracture propagation remains within a controllable range. During this period, there is no need to change the grout properties, thus instructions will be issued to maintain the rheological parameters of the grout currently being delivered to the area.

[0102] This invention establishes a dynamic linkage mechanism between formation condition, risk warning, grout parameters, and grouting parameters. It can automatically and differentially adjust the grout mix ratio and grouting pressure based on the real-time perception of formation sandification degree and fracturing risk, achieving the best match between grout properties and formation requirements, as well as a dynamic balance between safety and efficiency, and significantly improving the intelligence level and safety of grouting construction.

[0103] S3. Generation of effect distribution map: The multi-source sensor array is used to collect grouting process data of different grouting zones in the target grouting area, and a curtain effect distribution map is generated by comparing the process data before and after grouting.

[0104] In a preferred feasible embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of collecting grouting process data of different grouting zones of the target grouting area using the multi-source sensor array includes: collecting wave velocity reconstruction features updated by the acoustic sensor and conductivity reconstruction features updated by the resistivity sensor during the grouting interval, and combining the wave velocity reconstruction features and conductivity reconstruction features into the grouting process data.

[0105] Specifically, once the central processing unit stops the grouting pump, an active detection scan is immediately initiated. For the acoustic sensor, acoustic pulses are again excited in the transmitting hole, and the signal is recorded in the receiving hole. Using the same calculation method as before grouting, but with the newly acquired data, an updated set of formation acoustic velocities and attenuation coefficients is obtained; this set of data is called wave velocity reconstruction characteristics. Since the grout fills the pores and fractures of the formation, it typically leads to increased acoustic propagation speed and reduced attenuation; therefore, the wave velocity reconstruction characteristics reflect the changes in the formation's mechanical properties under the solidification effect of the grout.

[0106] For the resistivity sensor, current is injected into the formation again and the potential difference is measured to calculate an updated set of apparent resistivity values. This set of data is called the conductivity reconstruction characteristic. Based on the difference between the conductivity of the injected grout and the original formation pore water, the filling of the grout significantly alters the overall conductivity of the formation; the conductivity reconstruction characteristic is a direct reflection of this change. Cement grout typically has low resistivity, while some chemical grouts have high resistivity.

[0107] In a preferred feasible embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of generating the curtain effect distribution map based on the comparison of process data before and after grouting includes: extracting the reference wave velocity reconstruction features and reference conductivity reconstruction features of different grouting zones of the target grouting area before grouting from the database, and extracting the wave velocity reconstruction features and conductivity reconstruction features of different grouting zones of the target grouting area after grouting.

[0108] By comparing the baseline wave velocity characteristics and wave velocity reconstruction characteristics of different grouting zones in the target grouting area before and after grouting, the wave velocity enhancement rate matrix of different grouting zones in the target grouting area is calculated.

[0109] It should be noted that the central processing unit retrieves the baseline wave velocity characteristics collected and stored before grouting and compares them point-by-point and space-by-space with the wave velocity reconstruction characteristics obtained in the previous step. For each spatial unit covered by the sensor network, the rate of change of its acoustic velocity is calculated to form a wave velocity enhancement rate matrix. This wave velocity enhancement rate matrix directly reflects the enhancing effect of grout solidification on the formation's mechanical properties; areas with higher wave velocity enhancement rates indicate better grout filling and cementation effects.

[0110] It should be further explained that the specific formula for calculating the wave velocity enhancement rate is as follows: ,in, It is a spatial unit of different grouting zones in the target grouting area. The rate of increase in wave velocity; It is the wave velocity reconstruction characteristic value of this unit, i.e., the sound velocity after grouting; It is the reference wave velocity characteristic value of this unit, i.e., the sound velocity before grouting.

[0111] By comparing the baseline conductivity characteristics and conductivity reconstruction characteristics of different grouting zones in the target grouting area before and after grouting, the conductivity change rate matrix of different grouting zones in the target grouting area is calculated.

[0112] In a specific example, suppose the target grouting area is divided into three grouting zones: Zone A, Zone B, and Zone C. Each zone contains multiple spatial units. The wave velocity characteristic data before and after grouting are as follows: Zone A: The average value of the baseline wave velocity characteristic before grouting is 3000 m / s, and the average value of the reconstructed wave velocity characteristic after grouting is 4500 m / s, with a wave velocity increase rate of (4500-3000) / 3000=50%; Zone B: The average value of the baseline wave velocity characteristic before grouting is 3500 m / s, and the average value of the reconstructed wave velocity characteristic after grouting is 4200 m / s, with a wave velocity increase rate of (4200-3500) / 3500=20%; Zone C: The average value of the baseline wave velocity characteristic before grouting is 2800 m / s, and the average value of the reconstructed wave velocity characteristic after grouting is 3920 m / s, with a wave velocity increase rate of (3920-2800) / 2800=40%.

[0113] Arrange the above data according to spatial unit coordinates to form a wave velocity lift rate matrix: The conductivity rate matrix below can be obtained similarly, and will not be repeated here.

[0114] It should be noted that the central processing unit retrieves the baseline conductivity characteristics collected and stored before grouting and compares them point-by-point and space-by-space with the conductivity reconstruction characteristics obtained in the previous step. For each spatial cell covered by the sensor network, the rate of change of its conductivity is calculated to form a conductivity rate of change matrix. This conductivity rate of change matrix reflects the degree to which the grout replaces the formation pore fluid; a larger absolute value of the conductivity rate of change generally indicates a wider diffusion range and higher saturation of the grout.

[0115] It should be further explained that the specific formula for calculating the rate of change of conductivity is as follows: ,in It is a spatial unit of different grouting zones in the target grouting area. The rate of change of conductivity; It is the conductivity reconstruction characteristic value of this unit, i.e., the conductivity after grouting; It is the reference conductivity characteristic value of this unit, i.e., the conductivity before grouting.

[0116] By fusing the wave velocity rise rate matrix and the conductivity change rate matrix, a three-dimensional curtain effect distribution map of different grouting zones in the target grouting area is generated.

[0117] It should be noted that the curtain effect distribution map is a weighted fusion inversion process, which integrates the wave velocity increase rate matrix and the conductivity change rate matrix, two matrices describing the grouting effect from different physical dimensions, to construct a comprehensive effect index. Furthermore, the comprehensive effect index of all spatial units in the entire grouting area is visualized and rendered in three dimensions, using different colors or transparency to represent the level of the effect index, thus forming a three-dimensional, dynamically updated curtain effect distribution map.

[0118] A specific example is the process of constructing a comprehensive effect index as follows: ,in It is a spatial unit The comprehensive grouting effect index; and It is a pre-set weighting coefficient based on slurry type and formation characteristics, used to balance the importance of mechanical enhancement effect and electrical displacement effect in the evaluation. This index The higher the value, the better the grouting effect at that point, and the higher the quality of the curtain.

[0119] S4. Intelligent correction of grout: Correct the grout rheological parameters and grouting parameters based on the curtain effect distribution map.

[0120] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of correcting the slurry rheological parameters and grouting parameters based on the curtain effect distribution map includes: traversing the curtain effect distribution map, screening the coordinates of weakly effective regions where the filling saturation is lower than a threshold, increasing the content of fine particles in the slurry sent to the coordinates of the weakly effective regions, and increasing the grouting pressure gradient.

[0121] It should be noted that the central processing unit (CPU) automatically analyzes the 3D curtain effect distribution map. Based on a preset curtain quality standard, namely an acceptable comprehensive grouting effect index threshold, it filters and classifies all spatial units in the map. This identifies all areas where the effect index is below the threshold, and the coordinate set of these areas is defined as the weak area coordinates. Furthermore, weak areas represent weak points such as insufficient grout filling, curtain discontinuity, or insufficient strength.

[0122] Traverse the curtain effect distribution map, filter out the coordinates of the oversaturated areas where slurry is concentrated, reduce the slurry flow rate to the oversaturated area coordinates and reduce the grouting time.

[0123] It should be noted that the central processing unit analyzes whether there are areas in the curtain effect distribution map where the effect index is far beyond the normal range. These areas indicate that the slurry is over-enriched, forming unnecessary "slurry bubbles" or "slurry veins", which wastes materials and may have an adverse effect on the formation stress balance. The coordinate set of these areas is defined as the weak effect area coordinate.

[0124] It should be further explained that the series of identification, decision-making, and instruction generation processes described above are iterative. After each supplementary grouting is completed, the step of generating the effect distribution map is repeated to produce an updated curtain effect distribution map, which is then analyzed and corrected again until no weak areas appear in the map and the overall curtain quality meets the design requirements.

[0125] This invention achieves transparency and visualization of the underground grouting process through real-time imaging and closed-loop feedback control of the grouting effect. This allows for real-time monitoring of the curtain formation and continuous optimization of the construction plan based on objective data, ensuring the uniformity, continuity, and overall quality of high-pressure curtain grouting in sandy strata, while avoiding unnecessary material waste and construction delays.

[0126] Example 2

[0127] Please see Figure 2 As shown, this invention provides a high-pressure curtain grouting control system for dolomite sandy formations, comprising the following steps: a data monitoring and analysis module, a grout intelligent control module, an effect distribution map generation module, a grout intelligent correction module, and a database. The modules are connected as follows: the data monitoring and analysis module is connected to the grout intelligent control module; the grout intelligent control module is connected to the effect distribution map generation module; the effect distribution map generation module is connected to the grout intelligent correction module; and the database is connected to the effect distribution map generation module.

[0128] The data monitoring and analysis module designates the grouting area of ​​the dolomite sandy strata as the target grouting area, acquires real-time monitoring data from a multi-source sensor array deployed within the target grouting area, and performs stratum state fusion analysis based on this data to generate a sandyization rate level map, while simultaneously generating a fracturing early warning signal.

[0129] The intelligent grout control module dynamically adjusts the rheological parameters of the grout delivered to different grouting zones of the target grouting area based on the sandification rate level map, and simultaneously dynamically controls the grouting parameters of different grouting zones of the target grouting area based on the sandification rate level map and the fracturing early warning signal.

[0130] The effect distribution map generation module uses the multi-source sensor array to collect grouting process data of different grouting zones in the target grouting area, and generates a curtain effect distribution map based on the comparison of process data before and after grouting.

[0131] The grout intelligent correction module corrects the grout rheological parameters and grouting parameters based on the curtain effect distribution map.

[0132] The database stores the baseline wave velocity reconstruction characteristics and baseline conductivity reconstruction characteristics of different grouting zones in the target grouting area before grouting.

[0133] Example 3

[0134] In the third embodiment of the present invention, in conjunction with the above-described method for controlling high-pressure curtain grouting in tunnels of dolomite sandy strata, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for controlling high-pressure curtain grouting in tunnels of dolomite sandy strata.

[0135] Those skilled in the art will understand that the data in the flowchart, or the logic and steps otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced data table of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can mean any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0136] More specific examples of readable media (a non-exhaustive list of data) include: electrical connections (electronic devices) with one or more wires, portable computer disk drives (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, computer-readable media can even be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, because the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in computer memory.

[0137] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0138] The above content is merely an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described, or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, and all such modifications and additions should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling high-pressure curtain grouting in tunnels of dolomite sandy strata, characterized in that: include: S1. Data monitoring and analysis: The grouting area of ​​the dolomite sandy stratum is recorded as the target grouting area. Real-time monitoring data of the multi-source sensor array arranged in the target grouting area is obtained, and the stratum state fusion analysis is performed to generate a sandyization rate level map, and a splitting early warning signal is generated at the same time. The multi-source sensor array includes an acoustic sensor, a resistivity sensor, a micro-vibration sensor, and an in-hole pressure sensor. The specific process of acquiring real-time monitoring data of the multi-source sensor array arranged in the target grouting area includes: synchronously acquiring wave velocity attenuation characteristics output by acoustic sensor, formation conductivity characteristics output by resistivity sensor, vibration spectrum characteristics output by microseismic sensor, and hydraulic pulsation characteristics output by borehole pressure sensor, and integrating the wave velocity attenuation characteristics, formation conductivity characteristics, vibration spectrum characteristics, and hydraulic pulsation characteristics into the real-time monitoring data. The specific process of generating a sandification rate map through stratigraphic state fusion analysis includes: Extract wave velocity attenuation characteristics, formation conductivity characteristics, and vibration spectrum characteristics of the target grouting area from real-time monitoring data; The wave velocity attenuation characteristics and formation conductivity characteristics are cross-validated to eliminate environmental interference errors. Based on the verified mapping relationship between the wave velocity attenuation characteristics and formation conductivity characteristics, the porosity development level regions are divided. By superimposing the vibration spectrum features, the risk correction is performed on the porosity development level region, and a sandification rate level map marked with severe sandification area, moderate sandification area and slight sandification area is output. The specific process for generating the splitting early warning signal includes: Extract the vibration spectrum characteristics and hydraulic pulsation characteristics of the target grouting area from real-time monitoring data; The power spectral density of the target grouting area in the frequency band is calculated in real time. If it shows a nonlinear and sharp jump in a very short time, a high-frequency energy mutation point is identified in the target grouting area in the frequency band. The high-frequency energy mutation point in the vibration spectrum feature is extracted in this way. Simultaneously, the first derivative of the hydraulic pulsation characteristics of the target grouting area is calculated, that is, the first derivative of the curve of the grouting pressure of the target grouting area changing with time is calculated to obtain the hydraulic slope of the target grouting area, and the slope change of the hydraulic slope in the corresponding coordinate is detected. When the high-frequency energy mutation point coincides with the region of sharp increase in hydraulic slope, the splitting warning signal containing the location identifier is generated; S2. Intelligent control of grout: Based on the sandification rate level map, the rheological parameters of the grout delivered to different grouting zones of the target grouting area are dynamically adjusted. At the same time, based on the sandification rate level map and the fracturing early warning signal, the grouting parameters of different grouting zones of the target grouting area are dynamically controlled. S3. Generation of effect distribution map: The multi-source sensor array is used to collect grouting process data of different grouting zones in the target grouting area, and a curtain effect distribution map is generated by comparing the process data before and after grouting. The specific process of acquiring grouting process data of different grouting zones in the target grouting area using the multi-source sensor array includes: During the grouting interval, the wave velocity reconstruction features updated by the acoustic sensor and the conductivity reconstruction features updated by the resistivity sensor are collected, and the wave velocity reconstruction features and conductivity reconstruction features are combined into the grouting process data. The specific process of generating the curtain effect distribution map based on the comparison of process data before and after grouting includes: Extract the baseline wave velocity reconstruction features and baseline conductivity reconstruction features of different grouting zones in the target grouting area before grouting from the database, and extract the wave velocity reconstruction features and conductivity reconstruction features of different grouting zones in the target grouting area after grouting. By comparing the baseline wave velocity characteristics and wave velocity reconstruction characteristics of different grouting zones in the target grouting area before and after grouting, the wave velocity enhancement rate matrix of different grouting zones in the target grouting area is calculated. By comparing the baseline conductivity characteristics and conductivity reconstruction characteristics of different grouting zones in the target grouting area before and after grouting, the conductivity change rate matrix of different grouting zones in the target grouting area is calculated. By fusing the wave velocity rise rate matrix and the conductivity change rate matrix, a three-dimensional curtain effect distribution map of different grouting zones in the target grouting area is generated. S4. Intelligent correction of grout: Correct the grout rheological parameters and grouting parameters based on the curtain effect distribution map.

2. The method for controlling high-pressure curtain grouting in tunnels of dolomite sandy strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of dynamically adjusting the rheological parameters of the grout delivered to different grouting zones of the target grouting area based on the sandification rate level map includes: Identify the coordinates of the severely sanded areas marked on the sanding rate level chart, and control the intelligent proportioning unit to deliver low-viscosity slurry containing inert fine particles to the severely sanded areas; Identify the coordinates of the sandification medium zone marked on the sandification rate grade map, and control the intelligent proportioning unit to deliver standard slurry to the sandification medium zone; Identify the coordinates of the slightly sanded areas marked on the sanding rate grade chart, and control the intelligent proportioning unit to deliver high-solids content slurry to the slightly sanded areas.

3. The method for controlling high-pressure curtain grouting in tunnels of dolomite sandy strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of dynamically adjusting the grouting parameters of different grouting zones in the target grouting area based on the sandification rate level map and the fracturing early warning signal includes: Locate the position marker area in the splitting early warning signal, and query the porosity development level of the position marker area in the sandification rate level map; If the area is severely sandy, a millisecond-level pressure reduction command is triggered and the quick-setting slurry is switched; If the area is slightly sandy, then the stepped pressurization mode is activated and the current slurry rheological parameters are maintained.

4. The method for controlling high-pressure curtain grouting in tunnels of dolomite sandy strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of correcting the grout rheological parameters and grouting parameters based on the curtain effect distribution map includes: Traverse the curtain effect distribution map, filter out the weak area coordinates where the filling saturation is below the threshold, increase the fine particle content of the grout sent to the weak area coordinates and increase the grouting pressure gradient; The curtain effect distribution map is traversed, and the coordinates of the oversaturated areas where slurry is concentrated are filtered out. The slurry flow rate to the oversaturated area coordinates is reduced and the grouting time is shortened.

5. A high-pressure curtain grouting control system for tunnels in dolomite sandstone strata, characterized in that: include: The data monitoring and analysis module marks the grouting area of ​​the dolomite sandy stratum as the target grouting area, acquires the real-time monitoring data of the multi-source sensor array arranged in the target grouting area, and performs stratum state fusion analysis to generate a sandyization rate level map, while generating a splitting early warning signal. The multi-source sensor array includes an acoustic sensor, a resistivity sensor, a micro-vibration sensor, and an in-hole pressure sensor. The specific process of acquiring real-time monitoring data of the multi-source sensor array arranged in the target grouting area includes: synchronously acquiring wave velocity attenuation characteristics output by acoustic sensor, formation conductivity characteristics output by resistivity sensor, vibration spectrum characteristics output by microseismic sensor, and hydraulic pulsation characteristics output by borehole pressure sensor, and integrating the wave velocity attenuation characteristics, formation conductivity characteristics, vibration spectrum characteristics, and hydraulic pulsation characteristics into the real-time monitoring data. The specific process of generating a sandification rate map through stratigraphic state fusion analysis includes: Extract wave velocity attenuation characteristics, formation conductivity characteristics, and vibration spectrum characteristics of the target grouting area from real-time monitoring data; The wave velocity attenuation characteristics and formation conductivity characteristics are cross-validated to eliminate environmental interference errors. Based on the verified mapping relationship between the wave velocity attenuation characteristics and formation conductivity characteristics, the porosity development level regions are divided. By superimposing the vibration spectrum features, the risk correction is performed on the porosity development level region, and a sandification rate level map marked with severe sandification area, moderate sandification area and slight sandification area is output. The specific process for generating the splitting early warning signal includes: Extract the vibration spectrum characteristics and hydraulic pulsation characteristics of the target grouting area from real-time monitoring data; The power spectral density of the target grouting area in the frequency band is calculated in real time. If it shows a nonlinear and sharp jump in a very short time, a high-frequency energy mutation point is identified in the target grouting area in the frequency band. The high-frequency energy mutation point in the vibration spectrum feature is extracted in this way. Simultaneously, the first derivative of the hydraulic pulsation characteristics of the target grouting area is calculated, that is, the first derivative of the curve of the grouting pressure of the target grouting area changing with time is calculated to obtain the hydraulic slope of the target grouting area, and the slope change of the hydraulic slope in the corresponding coordinate is detected. When the high-frequency energy mutation point coincides with the region of sharp increase in hydraulic slope, the splitting warning signal containing the location identifier is generated; The intelligent grout control module dynamically adjusts the rheological parameters of the grout delivered to different grouting zones of the target grouting area based on the sandification rate level map, and simultaneously dynamically controls the grouting parameters of different grouting zones of the target grouting area based on the sandification rate level map and the fracturing early warning signal. The effect distribution map generation module uses the multi-source sensor array to collect grouting process data of different grouting zones in the target grouting area, and generates a curtain effect distribution map based on the comparison of process data before and after grouting. The specific process of acquiring grouting process data of different grouting zones in the target grouting area using the multi-source sensor array includes: During the grouting interval, the wave velocity reconstruction features updated by the acoustic sensor and the conductivity reconstruction features updated by the resistivity sensor are collected, and the wave velocity reconstruction features and conductivity reconstruction features are combined into the grouting process data. The specific process of generating the curtain effect distribution map based on the comparison of process data before and after grouting includes: Extract the baseline wave velocity reconstruction features and baseline conductivity reconstruction features of different grouting zones in the target grouting area before grouting from the database, and extract the wave velocity reconstruction features and conductivity reconstruction features of different grouting zones in the target grouting area after grouting. By comparing the baseline wave velocity characteristics and wave velocity reconstruction characteristics of different grouting zones in the target grouting area before and after grouting, the wave velocity enhancement rate matrix of different grouting zones in the target grouting area is calculated. By comparing the baseline conductivity characteristics and conductivity reconstruction characteristics of different grouting zones in the target grouting area before and after grouting, the conductivity change rate matrix of different grouting zones in the target grouting area is calculated. By fusing the wave velocity rise rate matrix and the conductivity change rate matrix, a three-dimensional curtain effect distribution map of different grouting zones in the target grouting area is generated. The slurry intelligent correction module corrects the slurry rheological parameters and grouting parameters based on the curtain effect distribution map; The database stores the baseline wave velocity reconstruction characteristics and baseline conductivity reconstruction characteristics of different grouting zones in the target grouting area before grouting.

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