A complex environment tunnel safety monitoring and early warning test device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of complex environment tunnel safety monitoring early warning test devices, including earth pressure box, the channel of simulating excavation is arranged in the both sides of earth pressure box, the top pressure device is arranged in the upper side and side surface of earth pressure box, test soil body is filled in earth pressure box, and soil pressure sensor, pore water pressure sensor are arranged in test soil body, simulate tunnel is formed by excavation in test soil body, a row of grouting monitoring reinforcement device is arranged in at least one position direction on the periphery of simulate tunnel, grouting monitoring reinforcement device is zigzag distribution by specific span and horizontal angle;Grouting monitoring reinforcement device includes split type protection pipe, the pipe section of protection pipe is all provided with through hole, and optical fiber sensor is jointly penetrated in all through holes.This application is dispersed into several pipe sections by protection pipe, realizes the advanced support and monitoring of tunnel construction, and it is convenient to reasonably arrange construction technology by the test of the application.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel safety monitoring test, and particularly relates to a tunnel safety monitoring and early warning test device in complex environment. BACKGROUND

[0002] The tunnel safety monitoring method is a technical method for real-time monitoring and evaluation of tunnel structure, environment and operation state by means of sensors, data processing technology and model establishment and optimization. The main purpose is to identify potential safety hazards in the tunnel, and take preventive and control measures in time to ensure the safe operation of the tunnel.

[0003] The process of advanced reinforcement includes inclined rods, grouting, etc. The stress release mechanism of the excavation surface and the stratum deformation mechanism lack theoretical guidance, so a very high safety factor is often selected, resulting in waste of reinforcement process and usage. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out model tests on the stress release of the excavation surface and the stratum deformation response mechanism of the deep-buried tunnel under different advanced reinforcement processes to select appropriate construction processes. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a tunnel safety monitoring and early warning test device in complex environment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] The tunnel safety monitoring and early warning test device in complex environment comprises a soil pressure box, a channel for simulating excavation is arranged on both sides of the soil pressure box, a top pressure device is arranged on the upper side and the side of the soil pressure box, a test soil body is filled in the soil pressure box, a soil pressure sensor and a pore water pressure sensor are arranged in the test soil body, a simulated tunnel is formed by excavation in the test soil body, a row of grouting monitoring and reinforcing devices is arranged in at least one position direction around the simulated tunnel, and the grouting monitoring and reinforcing devices are distributed in a zigzag shape through specific span and horizontal angle.

[0007] The grouting monitoring and reinforcing device comprises a split type protection pipe, and the pipe segments of the protection pipe are all provided with through holes.

[0008] Preferably, a base rod is arranged in the protection pipe, the base rod is coaxially sleeved and axially slides a grouting pipe, a plug is arranged at the end of the grouting pipe, and the front end of the plug is uniformly provided with slurry outlet holes.

[0009] Preferably, the outer circular surface of the plug is provided with an extension hole, a spring is arranged in the extension hole to push a pressing plate, one of the pipe segments is provided with a sleeve, an annular groove is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve, a protruding elastic sheet is arranged in the annular groove, the other adjacent pipe segment is provided with a clamping groove, the elastic sheet extends into the clamping groove for limiting, the inner wall of the end of the other adjacent pipe segment is provided with a strip-shaped groove, and the pressing plate can enter the strip-shaped groove to push the elastic sheet out of the clamping groove.

[0010] Preferably, a chamfer is arranged on one side of the pressing plate, and a bevel is arranged on one end of the pipe segment.

[0011] Preferably, the protective pipe is provided with an annular pulling groove at one end.

[0012] A complex environment tunnel safety monitoring and early warning test method, the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device is used to test the tunnel reinforcing quality, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Preparation; setting process parameters one (interval A, horizontal angle B) or process parameters two (interval C, horizontal angle B) of the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device, using computer analysis software, finite element analysis of tunnel instability, selecting optimal parameters, and performing entity test on the optimal parameters.

[0014] Step one: sampling tunnel samples during geological exploration, and detecting physical and mechanical properties of shear force, strength, and water content related parameters.

[0015] Step two: according to the measured physical and mechanical properties of the construction soil in step one, simulate and prepare test soil, and fill and compact the test soil in layers in the soil pressure box, and bury soil pressure sensors and pore water pressure sensors.

[0016] Step three: simulate a tunnel by mining or shield method in the test soil, and apply uniform or non-uniform load by the pressure device, and use the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device for advanced grouting support during excavation, the interval span and horizontal angle of the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device are the optimal parameters, record the data of the soil pressure sensors and pore water pressure sensors, and monitor the deformation condition of the simulated tunnel periphery through the optical fiber sensor.

[0017] Step four: analyze the influence of the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device on the stability of excavation through the monitoring data.

[0018] The advantage of the application is that the complex environment tunnel safety monitoring and early warning test device provided by the application realizes advanced support and monitoring of tunnel construction by opening a window on the shield body of a shield tunneling machine, drilling an installation hole in the required direction through the window by a directional drilling rod, hydraulically jacking a grouting monitoring and reinforcing device into the installation hole, and individually retracting and pulling out the protection pipe after the base rod reaches the predetermined depth, and the protection pipe is dispersed into several pipe sections, one of which is sunk through the adjacent pipe sections for monitoring, thereby realizing advanced support and monitoring of tunnel construction, and the process is simulated for test, and the test of the application is convenient for reasonably arranging the construction process, ensuring safety and improving the efficiency of tunnel construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a basic structure schematic diagram of the application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a soil pressure box internal structure schematic diagram;

[0021] Figure 3 is a structure schematic diagram of the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device (protection pipe half cut open state);

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 3 is a local enlarged view of H in

[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 4 is a state schematic diagram of two pipe sections after separation in

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of one arrangement of the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device;

[0025] Figure 7 is another schematic diagram of the arrangement of the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device.

[0026] In the figure: soil pressure box 1, jacking device 11, test soil body 12, simulated tunnel 13, karst cave 10, pipe section 2, pulling groove 211, optical fiber sensor 3, base rod 4, grouting pipe 5, plug 6, extension hole 61, pressing plate 62, sleeve 63, annular groove 64, elastic sheet 65, clamping groove 66, strip-shaped groove 67, chamfer 68, inclined surface 69. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the application more clear and understandable, the application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the application and do not limit the application.

[0028] As Figures 1 to 7As shown, the present invention provides a tunnel safety monitoring and early warning test device for complex environments, comprising an earth pressure chamber 1, simulated excavation channels on both sides of the earth pressure chamber 1, a top pressure device 11 on the upper and side sides of the earth pressure chamber 1, test soil 12 filled inside the earth pressure chamber 1, and earth pressure sensors and pore water pressure sensors installed inside the test soil 12. A simulated tunnel 13 is formed by excavation within the test soil 12, and a row of grouting monitoring and reinforcement devices is arranged in at least one position around the simulated tunnel 13. The grouting monitoring and reinforcement devices are distributed in a sawtooth pattern with specific spans and horizontal angles, and the position of the simulated tunnel 13 is as follows: Figure 2 Located at the top 12 o'clock position of the tunnel, this direction is used to create one or more combinations of various geological environments, such as water seepage, buried seepage pipes, karst caves, or local overpressure caused by the bearing piles of the bottom building. All geological environments are achieved through existing technologies.

[0029] The grouting monitoring and reinforcement device includes a split protective tube. One end of the protective tube is provided with an annular pull-out groove 211. Each section 2 of the protective tube is provided with a through hole. All through holes are connected to a fiber optic sensor 3. The fiber optic sensor 3 is an existing technology and is commonly used for geological subsidence monitoring.

[0030] A continuous base rod 4 is installed inside the protective pipe. The base rod 4 serves as the foundation for grouting reinforcement, improving the necessary support capacity (and becoming the lower limit for monitoring) without affecting the settlement monitoring of the outer pipe section 2. The base rod 4 is coaxially fitted with and axially slides the grouting pipe 5. A plug 6 is installed at the end of the grouting pipe 5. Grout outlet holes are evenly distributed at the front end of the plug 6. Grout outlet holes are evenly distributed in the pipe section 2. The grouting pipe 5 is pulled out in sections and paused after being pulled out for a certain distance. Grouting liquid is injected into the soil through the grouting pipe 5, plug 6, and the front pipe section 2. The pipe sections 2 are solidified in the surrounding soil by the grout. Multiple pipe sections 2 achieve the effect of fine monitoring, that is, any pipe section 2 can descend, and the descent range is within the control range of the reinforcement by the base rod 4.

[0031] exist Figure 2 In the process, a window is opened on the shield of the tunnel boring machine, and an installation hole is drilled in the required direction through the window using a directional drill rod. A grouting monitoring and reinforcement device is hydraulically driven into the installation hole. After the base rod 4 reaches the predetermined depth, the protective pipe is individually withdrawn and pulled outwards, dispersing into several pipe sections 2. The sinking of one pipe section 2 is monitored by the adjacent pipe section 2, thus achieving advanced support and monitoring for tunnel construction. Because the span and horizontal angle of the grouting monitoring and reinforcement device have a significant impact on the construction progress (…), Figure 6 and Figure 7 Advanced support requires pausing the tunnel boring machine's excavation, employing large spans and low horizontal angles, resulting in long construction intervals for support. Conversely, it requires frequent shutdowns of the tunnel boring machine, affecting the construction progress. The experiments conducted by this invention facilitate the rational arrangement of construction processes, ensuring safety while improving the efficiency of tunnel construction.

[0032] Specifically, the outer circular surface of the plug 6 is provided with three protruding holes 61, each of which can pass through a spring to push out a pressing plate 62, one of the pipe segments 2 is provided with a sleeve 63, the inner wall of the sleeve 63 is provided with an annular groove 64, the annular groove 64 is provided with a protruding elastic sheet 65, the adjacent other pipe segment 2 is provided with a clamping groove 66, the elastic sheet 65 extends into the clamping groove 66 for limiting, the inner wall of the end of the adjacent other pipe segment 2 is provided with a strip-shaped groove 67, and the pressing plate 62 can enter the strip-shaped groove 67 to push the elastic sheet 65 out of the clamping groove 66, one side of the pressing plate 62 is provided with a chamfer 68, one end of the pipe segment 2 is provided with an inclined surface 69, and the inclined surface 69 is correspondingly provided with the chamfer 68 so that the pipe segment 2 is stopped, the pressing plate 62 is retracted into the plug 6, and the plug 6 can also be pulled out in the remaining pipe segment 2.

[0033] As a way of protecting the pipe of the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device, the grouting pipe 5 and the plug 6 are pulled out in the protection pipe, the plug 6 moves to the sleeve 63 position, the pressing plate 62 is pushed out to enter the strip-shaped groove 67, the elastic sheet 65 is pressed into the annular groove 64, the sleeve 63 is free from the pipe segment 2 after grouting, that is, the pipe segment 2 of the rear segment continues to be pulled out to form a gap E, the pressing plate 62 presses the pipe segment 2 after grouting to avoid synchronous displacement, a plurality of pipe segments 2 are separated in this way, and the grouting effect is not affected, the formation of the gap E enables the optical fiber sensor 3 to be like a plurality of dryness monitors worn at intervals, the monitor is monitored separately and jointly, so that the purpose of fine monitoring is achieved.

[0034] The application discloses a complex environment tunnel safety monitoring and early warning test method, and adopts the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device to test the tunnel reinforcing quality, and comprises the following steps.

[0035] Preparation work, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 Process parameters one (interval A, horizontal angle B) or process parameters two (interval C, horizontal angle B) of the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device are set, computer analysis software is used, the tunnel instability is analyzed by using finite elements, and the optimized parameters are selected, and the entity test is carried out on the optimized parameters.

[0036] Step one: sampling tunnel samples in the geological survey stage, and detecting physical and mechanical characteristics of related parameters such as shear force, strength and water content.

[0037] Step two: according to the physical and mechanical characteristics of the construction soil measured in step one, the test soil 12 is prepared, the test soil 12 is prepared by mixing materials such as quartz sand, heavy spar powder, gypsum, iron powder and lubricating oil, different geological conditions (soft soil, sand or rock) are prepared, the test soil 12 is filled and compacted in the soil pressure box 1 in layers, and the soil pressure sensor and the pore water pressure sensor are buried.

[0038] Step three: excavate the simulated tunnel 13 in the test soil body 12 by mining method or shield method, the top pressure device 11 applies uniform or non-uniform load, and the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device is used for advanced grouting support during excavation, the interval span and horizontal angle of the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device adopt optimal parameters, the data of the soil pressure sensor and the pore water pressure sensor are recorded, and the peripheral deformation condition of the simulated tunnel 13 is monitored through the optical fiber sensor 3.

[0039] Step four: analyze the influence of the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device on the stability of excavation through the monitoring data, and calculate the corresponding construction technology of tunnel construction.

[0040] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A complex environment tunnel safety monitoring and early warning test device, comprising a soil pressure box (1), a simulated excavation channel is arranged on both sides of the soil pressure box (1), a top pressure device (11) is arranged on the upper side and the side of the soil pressure box (1), a test soil body (12) is filled in the soil pressure box (1), and a soil pressure sensor and a pore water pressure sensor are arranged in the test soil body (12), characterized in that: The application discloses a grouting monitoring and reinforcing device for a tunnel. ​ The grouting monitoring and reinforcing device comprises split protection pipes, and the pipe sections (2) of the protection pipes are provided with through holes. The protection pipes are provided with base rods (4) in the whole length direction, the base rods (4) are coaxially sleeved and axially slidably arranged in grouting pipes (5), the grouting pipes (5) are provided with plugs (6) at the end heads, and the front ends of the plugs (6) are uniformly provided with slurry outlet holes. The outer circumferential surface of the plug (6) is provided with an extension hole (61), a pressing plate (62) can be pushed out of the extension hole (61) through a spring, one pipe section (2) is provided with a sleeve (63), the inner wall of the sleeve (63) is provided with an annular groove (64), the annular groove (64) is provided with a protruding elastic sheet (65), the adjacent other pipe section (2) is provided with a clamping groove (66), the elastic sheet (65) is limited in the clamping groove (66), the end inner wall of the adjacent other pipe section (2) is provided with a strip-shaped groove (67), and the pressing plate (62) can enter the strip-shaped groove (67) to push the elastic sheet (65) out of the clamping groove (66).

2. The complex environment tunnel safety monitoring and early warning test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the pressing plate (62) is provided with a chamfer (68), and one end of the pipe section (2) is provided with an inclined surface (69) corresponding to the chamfer (68).

3. The complex environment tunnel safety monitoring and early warning test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the protection pipe is provided with an annular pulling groove (211).

4. The complex environment tunnel safety monitoring and early warning test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grouting monitoring and reinforcing device is used for testing the reinforcing quality of a tunnel, and comprises the following steps. Preparation work Process parameters of the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device are set, computer analysis software is used to analyze the tunnel instability by means of finite element, optimal parameters are selected, and the optimal parameters are subjected to entity test. Step one: tunnel samples are taken in a geological survey stage, and physical and mechanical characteristics of shear force, strength and water content related parameters are detected. Step two: test soil (12) is prepared according to the physical and mechanical characteristics of the construction soil measured in step one, the test soil (12) is layered filled and compacted in a soil pressure box (1), and soil pressure sensors and pore water pressure sensors are buried. Step three: a simulated tunnel (13) is excavated in the test soil (12) by a mine method or a shield method, a top pressure device (11) applies uniform or non-uniform load, the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device is used for advanced grouting support in the process of excavation, the interval span and horizontal angle of the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device adopt the optimal parameters, data of the soil pressure sensors and the pore water pressure sensors are recorded, and the deformation condition of the periphery of the simulated tunnel (13) is monitored through the optical fiber sensor (3). Step four: the influence of the grouting monitoring and reinforcing device on the excavation stability is analyzed through the monitoring data.

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