A high- and low-voltage switchgear assembly for preventing short circuits.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of high and low voltage switchgear technology, and more particularly to a high and low voltage switchgear for preventing short circuits. The switchgear includes an outer frame with a low-voltage zone and a high-voltage zone inside. High-voltage electrical components are installed in the high-voltage zone. It also includes multiple sets of fixing plates, each set consisting of two fixing plates. Multiple high-voltage copper busbars are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the high-voltage electrical components. These high-voltage copper busbars are connected in pairs to a set of fixing plates in a cross-layered, stacked manner. This invention effectively suppresses the minute vibrations of the high-voltage copper busbars caused by AC electrodynamic forces by forming a rigid stacked structure with the high-voltage copper busbars and fixing plates. This prevents loosening of connection points due to long-term operation and eliminates a potential short-circuit cause. When a short circuit occurs in the system, this composite structure acts as a rigid guide rail, limiting the bending, twisting, or displacement of the high-voltage copper busbars caused by the enormous electrodynamic forces, and preventing secondary short circuits caused by insufficient safety clearance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high and low voltage switchgear technology, and in particular to a high and low voltage switchgear that prevents short circuits in switches. Background Technology

[0002] High and low voltage switchgear assemblies are key equipment in power systems used for power distribution, control, metering, and protection. They are widely used in power plants, substations, industrial and mining enterprises, and various buildings. The reliability and safety of their operation are directly related to the stability of the entire power grid and the safety of users' lives and property.

[0003] Currently, the alternating current flowing through the high-voltage copper busbars in existing technologies generates periodically changing electrodynamic forces, causing micro-vibrations of alternating attraction and repulsion between parallel high-voltage copper busbars. Over time, this can easily lead to loosening of the interfaces and trigger short-circuit risks. The huge electrodynamic forces at the moment of a short circuit can also cause the high-voltage copper busbars to bend and shift, compromising the safety spacing. In addition, existing protection methods lack active suppression and energy dissipation mechanisms that can respond immediately at the moment of a short circuit, failing to minimize the destructive impact of short circuits and thus resulting in poor equipment usability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of poor short-circuit protection in existing high and low voltage switchgear, and to propose a high and low voltage switchgear for preventing switch short circuits.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high- and low-voltage switchgear for preventing short circuits, comprising an outer frame, wherein a low-voltage zone and a high-voltage zone are provided inside the frame, a low-voltage electrical component is installed in the low-voltage zone, a high-voltage electrical component is installed in the high-voltage zone, and multiple sets of fixing plates are also provided, each set comprising two fixing plates. The multiple sets of fixing plates are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer frame, and multiple high-voltage copper busbars are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the high-voltage electrical component. The multiple high-voltage copper busbars are fixedly connected to a set of fixing plates in a cross-layered manner, with two of them forming a group. The outer frame is provided with multiple sets of heat dissipation components corresponding to the number of fixing plate groups, and a short-circuit protection component is provided between the two fixing plates in each group.

[0006] Preferably, it also includes an insulating plate, which is fixedly installed on top of multiple sets of fixing plates and located between the low-voltage area and the high-voltage area.

[0007] Preferably, a grounding frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer frame, and both the low-voltage electrical components and the high-voltage electrical components are fixedly installed inside the outer frame through a fixing frame.

[0008] Preferably, the outer wall of the low-voltage electrical component is connected to a low-voltage copper busbar, and a current transformer for detection is installed on the outside of the low-voltage copper busbar.

[0009] Preferably, the heat dissipation assembly includes a mounting frame fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed plate, and a heat spreader plate is fixedly installed on the side of the mounting frame near the fixed plate.

[0010] Preferably, the mounting frame has a through hole on the side away from the fixing plate, and a dustproof net is fixedly installed thereon.

[0011] Preferably, the side wall of the mounting frame is provided with an air outlet, and multiple heat dissipation frames are fixedly installed on its inner wall. The heat dissipation frame is provided with an air blowing port on the side near the heat spreader and an air inlet on the side near the through hole.

[0012] Preferably, the heat dissipation frame is provided with multiple sets of adjustment components. The adjustment components include a first metal sheet and a second metal sheet. The first metal sheet corresponds to the position of the air blowing port and a first piezoelectric ceramic is fixedly installed on it. The second metal sheet corresponds to the position of the air inlet and a second piezoelectric ceramic is fixedly installed on it. Both ends of the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat dissipation frame through conductive blocks.

[0013] Preferably, the second piezoelectric ceramic is connected to an alternating voltage, and the first piezoelectric ceramic is connected to a pulsed unidirectional voltage.

[0014] Preferably, the short-circuit protection component includes a guide wire, a high-voltage wire, and a graphite mesh. One end of the guide wire is connected to the junction of the high-voltage copper busbar and the fixed plate, and the other end is connected to the high-voltage wire through a fixed block. The graphite mesh is fixedly installed between the two fixed plates and corresponds to the position of the high-voltage wire. The graphite mesh has a mesh structure and is connected to an external negative electrode.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. This invention forms a rigid stacked structure of "plate-copper busbar-plate-copper busbar" by cross-fixing the high-voltage copper busbar with the fixed plate. This effectively suppresses the slight vibration of the high-voltage copper busbar caused by AC electrodynamic force, prevents loosening of connection points due to long-term operation, and fundamentally eliminates a potential short circuit cause. When a short circuit occurs in the system, this composite structure can act as a rigid guide rail, greatly limiting the bending, twisting or displacement of the high-voltage copper busbar caused by huge electrodynamic force, preventing secondary short circuits caused by insufficient safety distance, and distributing the huge electrodynamic force to the entire cabinet frame, thereby improving the overall mechanical stability and short circuit impact resistance of the equipment.

[0017] 2. This invention uses piezoelectric ceramics to drive the deformation of metal sheets to generate directional pulsed airflow, replacing traditional fan cooling. The pulsed vertical airflow can effectively break the air thermal boundary layer attached to the heat source surface, significantly improving heat exchange efficiency and achieving targeted localized strong cooling. Compared with continuously running fans, this cooling method consumes less energy and has almost no mechanical noise during operation. At the same time, by controlling the second metal sheet to blow back towards the dust filter, the dust on the dust filter can be automatically removed, preventing the cooling effect from being affected by dust accumulation and blockage, reducing maintenance needs and failure risks.

[0018] 3. This invention employs a short-circuit protection component consisting of a guide wire, a high-voltage wire, and a graphite mesh. When a short circuit occurs, this component guides the short-circuit current to the exposed high-voltage wire. It utilizes the electrolysis of air to generate an ion flow. The ionized air, attracted by the graphite mesh connected to the negative electrode, forms an airflow, which instantly and forcibly cools the high-voltage copper busbar that has rapidly heated up due to the short circuit, preventing overheating and damage. This converts the destructive short-circuit energy into beneficial heat dissipation power, while providing a controllable release path for the short-circuit current, reducing its electromagnetic interference and thermal shock to other internal components, and maximizing the suppression of the destructive impact of the short circuit. Furthermore, the mesh structure and material properties of the graphite mesh can absorb and weaken the micro-vibrations of the high-voltage copper busbar during normal operation, thus providing additional stability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high- and low-voltage switchgear assembly for preventing short circuits, as proposed in this invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the low-voltage electrical components and high-voltage electrical components of a high- and low-voltage switchgear assembly for preventing short circuits, as proposed in this invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the low-voltage copper busbar and high-voltage copper busbar structure of a high- and low-voltage switchgear for preventing short circuits, as proposed in this invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing plate and insulating plate structure of a high- and low-voltage switchgear assembly for preventing short circuits, as proposed in this invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the guide wire and high voltage line structure of a high and low voltage switchgear assembly for preventing short circuits, as proposed in this invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air outlet and heat spreader structure of a high- and low-voltage switchgear for preventing short circuits, as proposed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 7This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting frame of a high- and low-voltage switchgear assembly designed to prevent short circuits, as proposed in this invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1 Outer frame, 2 Low-voltage area, 3 High-voltage area, 4 Low-voltage electrical components, 5 High-voltage electrical components, 6 Grounding frame, 7 Low-voltage copper busbar, 8 Current transformer, 9 High-voltage copper busbar, 10 Fixing plate, 11 Insulation plate, 12 Fixing frame, 13 Mounting frame, 14 Dustproof net, 15 Air outlet, 16 Heat dissipation plate, 17 Heat dissipation frame, 18 Air inlet, 19 Air outlet, 20 Guide wire, 21 Fixing block, 22 High-voltage wire, 23 Graphite mesh, 24 Conductive block, 25 First metal sheet, 26 First piezoelectric ceramic, 27 Second metal sheet, 28 Second piezoelectric ceramic. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 7 A high- and low-voltage switchgear for preventing short circuits includes an outer frame 1, which contains a low-voltage zone 2 and a high-voltage zone 3. Low-voltage electrical components 4 are installed in the low-voltage zone 2, and high-voltage electrical components 5 are installed in the high-voltage zone 3. Both low-voltage and high-voltage electrical components 4 and 5 are fixedly mounted inside the outer frame 1 via a fixing frame 12. A grounding frame 6 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer frame 1 to meet reliable grounding requirements. A low-voltage copper busbar 7 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the low-voltage electrical component 4 to achieve circuit connection. A current transformer is fixedly installed on the outside of the low-voltage copper busbar 7. 8 is used to detect the current and voltage of the low-voltage electrical component 4. The outer wall of the high-voltage electrical component 5 is fixedly connected with multiple high-voltage copper busbars 9 to realize circuit connection. Multiple sets of fixing plates 10 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer frame 1. Each set includes two fixing plates 10. The low-voltage electrical component 4 and the high-voltage electrical component 5 are respectively located at both ends of the multiple sets of fixing plates 10. An insulating plate 11 is fixedly installed on the top of the multiple fixing plates 10. The insulating plate 11 is located between the low-voltage area 2 and the high-voltage area 3, which helps to avoid high and low voltage interference and improve the safety of equipment operation.

[0029] Multiple high-voltage copper busbars 9 are connected in pairs, crosswise to a set of fixed plates 10, forming a stacked composite structure of "plate-copper busbar-plate-copper busbar". The alternating current flowing through the high-voltage copper busbars 9 changes periodically in magnitude and direction over time. According to the principles of electromagnetism, a periodically changing electrodynamic force is generated between the two sets of parallel current-carrying conductors. The high-voltage environment may exacerbate the effect of this force, causing repeated attraction and repulsion between the parallel high-voltage copper busbars 9, thus inducing minute vibrations. Although the amplitude is small, long-term action may cause the interface to loosen or even induce a short circuit. The laminated composite structure formed by the combination of plates 10 clamps and fixes the high-voltage copper busbar 9 through the fixing plate 10, providing a stable mechanical support. It can effectively suppress the slight vibration of the high-voltage copper busbar 9 during operation and prevent the connection parts from loosening due to vibration. In addition, when a short circuit occurs in the system, the high-voltage copper busbar 9 will be subjected to a huge electric force. The laminated composite structure is equivalent to a rigid guide rail, which can limit the lateral bending, twisting or displacement of the high-voltage copper busbar 9, and avoid insufficient safety distance and secondary short circuits caused by this. At the same time, the electric force is distributed to the cabinet frame through the fixing plate 10, enhancing the overall stability.

[0030] The outer frame 1 contains multiple sets of heat dissipation components, the number of which corresponds to the number of sets of fixed plates 10. Each set of heat dissipation components includes a mounting frame 13 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed plate 10. The mounting frame 13 is located at the end of the fixed plate 10 connected to the high-voltage copper busbar 9. A heat spreader 16 is fixedly installed on the side of the mounting frame 13 facing the fixed plate 10, and a through hole is opened on the other side, with a dustproof mesh 14 fixedly installed. The heat spreader 16 and the fixed plate 10 are kept in close contact to achieve efficient heat conduction. An air outlet 15 is opened on the side wall of the mounting frame 13, and multiple heat dissipation frames 17 arranged in a rectangular array are fixedly installed on its inner wall. Each heat dissipation frame 17 has an air blowing port 19 on the side close to the heat spreader 16 and an air inlet 18 on the side away from it. The interior of the heat dissipation frame 17... Multiple adjustment components are provided, including a first metal sheet 25 corresponding to the air outlet 19 and a second metal sheet 27 corresponding to the air inlet 18. The two metal sheets are arranged in parallel and both ends are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat sink frame 17 through conductive blocks 24. A first piezoelectric ceramic 26 is fixedly mounted on the first metal sheet 25, and a second piezoelectric ceramic 28 is fixedly mounted on the second metal sheet 27. In the initial state, voltage is applied to both surfaces of the first piezoelectric ceramic 26 and the second piezoelectric ceramic 28. Specifically, a negative voltage is applied to the side of the second piezoelectric ceramic 28 connected to the second metal sheet 27, and a positive voltage is applied to the opposite side; a positive voltage is applied to the side of the first piezoelectric ceramic 26 connected to the first metal sheet 25. With a negative voltage applied to its back side, the second piezoelectric ceramic 28 deforms, shortening and thickening, pushing the second metal sheet 27 to bend away from the air inlet 18, thus drawing air in through the air inlet 18 and blowing air out through the air outlet 19. Simultaneously, the first piezoelectric ceramic 26 elongates and thins due to the voltage, causing the first metal sheet 25 to bend closer to the air inlet 18, thereby opening the air outlet 19. Subsequently, the voltage of the second piezoelectric ceramic 28 is reversed, causing it to deform in the opposite direction and continuously elongate, bending the second metal sheet 27 towards the air inlet 18. At this point, the first piezoelectric ceramic 26 is de-energized, and the first metal sheet 25 returns to a straight state, closing the air outlet 19 and preventing the freshly expelled air from being blown out. The airflow is re-inhaled, and at the same time, the second metal sheet 27 blows a portion of the air out of the air inlet 18 (i.e., towards the dust filter 14), achieving reverse cleaning of the dust filter 14 and preventing it from accumulating dust and clogging. An alternating voltage is applied to the second piezoelectric ceramic 28, while a pulsed unidirectional voltage is applied to the first piezoelectric ceramic 26. The air ejected from the air outlet 19 cools the heat spreader 16, and finally the airflow is discharged from the air outlet 15. Compared with the traditional fan cooling method, this pulsed airflow has the advantages of low noise, low energy consumption, and targeted local heat dissipation. It also has a self-cleaning and dust-preventing function. In addition, since the viscosity of air in traditional heat dissipation easily forms a boundary layer on the hot surface, hindering heat exchange, this vertical pulsed airflow can effectively destroy this boundary layer and significantly improve heat dissipation efficiency.

[0031] A short-circuit protection assembly is provided between the two fixed plates 10 in each group, including a guide wire 20 connected at one end to the junction of the high-voltage copper busbar 9 and the fixed plate 10. The guide wire 20 is connected to the high-voltage line 22 through the fixed block 21. A graphite mesh 23 corresponding to the position of the high-voltage line 22 is fixedly installed between the two fixed plates 10. The graphite mesh 23 has a mesh structure and is connected to the external negative electrode. When a short circuit occurs inside the system, even if the circuit breaker operates normally, a strong current will still be generated instantaneously on the surface of the high-voltage copper busbar 9. The current is conducted to the exposed high-voltage line 22 through the guide wire 20, which can instantly electrolyze the air around it. At this time, because the graphite mesh 23 has already... When connected to the negative electrode, the ionized air ions will move towards the graphite mesh 23 to form an airflow. This process can not only dissipate heat from the high-voltage copper busbar 9 in a timely manner to prevent it from being damaged by overheating, but also guide the short-circuit current to a designated path and use the short-circuit energy to drive the heat dissipation airflow, thereby reducing the interference of the high-voltage current on other internal components and minimizing the impact of the short circuit. The graphite mesh 23 adopts a mesh design, which can increase the negative electrode attraction area, improve the airflow velocity and heat dissipation efficiency, and absorb vibration by means of the structure of the graphite material itself. It can also reduce the micro-vibration of the high-voltage copper busbar 9 caused by electrodynamics when the system is working normally.

[0032] When using this invention, firstly, the low-voltage electrical components 4 in the low-voltage zone 2 and the high-voltage electrical components 5 in the high-voltage zone 3 are turned on. The grounding frame 6 at the bottom of the outer frame 1 can meet the grounding requirements. The current transformer 8 detects the current and voltage of the low-voltage electrical components 4. The low-voltage electrical components 4 are connected to the circuit through the low-voltage copper busbar 7. The connection end of the high-voltage copper busbar 9 is fixed on the fixing plate 10. The fixing plate 10 is isolated between the low-voltage zone 2 and the high-voltage zone 3 by the insulating plate 11, and is cross-installed with all the high-voltage copper busbars 9 to form a stacked structure. The heat dissipation plate 16 is tightly attached to the fixing plate 10 to achieve efficient heat conduction.

[0033] The mounting frame 13 has an air outlet 15 and a through hole on its side wall, and a dustproof net 14 is installed to protect the through hole and prevent dust from entering the interior of the mounting frame 13. The mounting frame 13 contains multiple heat dissipation frames 17, and the heat dissipation frames 17 have an air inlet 18 and an air outlet 19. The piezoelectric ceramic drives the metal sheet to generate a directional pulse airflow for heat dissipation. A voltage is applied to the first piezoelectric ceramic 26 and the second piezoelectric ceramic 28. The second piezoelectric ceramic 28 deforms periodically under the action of alternating voltage, causing the second metal sheet 27 to bend back and forth, so as to realize the intake of air from the air inlet 18 and the backflow of dust to the dustproof net 14. The first piezoelectric ceramic 26 works in concert under the control of pulse voltage. Through the bending and resetting of the first metal sheet 25, the air outlet 19 is opened and closed and the airflow is directionally ejected. Finally, the pulse airflow vertically impacts the surface of the heat spreader 16, effectively destroying the thermal boundary layer, improving the heat exchange efficiency, and preventing dust accumulation by periodically backflowing.

[0034] The high-voltage copper busbar 9 is connected to the guide wire 20, which is connected to the high-voltage line 22 via the fixing block 21. A graphite mesh 23 is provided on the side of the high-voltage line 22, between the two fixing plates 10. When a short circuit occurs inside, the current is guided to the exposed high-voltage line 22 through the guide wire 20. The high-voltage line 22 will instantly electrolyze the nearby air. The graphite mesh 23 is connected to the negative electrode, and the ionized air will move towards the graphite mesh 23 to form an airflow. This not only provides timely heat dissipation for the high-voltage copper busbar 9, but also guides the current generated during the short circuit as the driving energy for heat dissipation, avoiding the impact of the high-voltage current on other internal electrical components and minimizing the impact of the short circuit.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-low voltage switchgear assembly with switch short circuit prevention, comprising an outer frame (1), inside which is provided with a low voltage area (2) and a high voltage area (3), low voltage electrical components (4) are installed in the low voltage area (2), high voltage electrical components (5) are installed in the high voltage area (3), characterized in that, Still include multiple sets of fixed plates (10), and each set includes two fixed plates (10), multiple sets of the fixed plates (10) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer frame (1), the outer wall of the high-voltage electrical element (5) is fixedly connected with multiple high-voltage copper bars (9), multiple high-voltage copper bars (9) are fixedly connected with a set of fixed plates (10) in two as a group and cross-laminated, the outer frame (1) is provided with multiple sets of heat dissipation assemblies corresponding to the number of fixed plates (10), and the short circuit protection assembly is arranged between the two fixed plates (10) in each set. The heat dissipation assembly includes a mounting frame (13) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed plate (10), and the mounting frame (13) is fixedly installed with a heat evenly plate (16) on the side close to the fixed plate (10). The mounting frame (13) is provided with a through hole on the side away from the fixed plate (10), and is fixedly installed with a dustproof net (14). The side wall of the mounting frame (13) is provided with an air outlet (15), and multiple heat dissipation frames (17) are fixedly installed on the inner wall, the heat dissipation frame (17) is provided with a gas blowing port (19) on the side close to the heat evenly plate (16), and is provided with an air inlet (18) on the side close to the through hole. The heat dissipation frame (17) is provided with multiple sets of adjustment assemblies, the adjustment assembly includes a first metal sheet (25) and a second metal sheet (27), the first metal sheet (25) corresponds to the position of the gas blowing port (19), and a first piezoelectric ceramic (26) is fixedly installed on the first metal sheet (25), the second metal sheet (27) corresponds to the position of the air inlet (18), and a second piezoelectric ceramic (28) is fixedly installed on the second metal sheet (27), and the two ends of the first metal sheet (25) and the second metal sheet (27) are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the heat dissipation frame (17) through conductive blocks (24).

2. The high-low voltage switchgear assembly with switch short circuit prevention according to claim 1, characterized in that, Still include an insulating plate (11), the insulating plate (11) is fixedly installed on the top of multiple sets of fixed plates (10) and located between the low-voltage area (2) and the high-voltage area (3).

3. The high-low voltage switchgear assembly with switch short circuit prevention according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the outer frame (1) is fixedly installed with a grounding frame (6), and the low-voltage electrical element (4) and the high-voltage electrical element (5) are fixedly installed in the outer frame (1) through the fixed frame (12).

4. The high-low voltage switchgear assembly with switch short circuit prevention according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the low-voltage electrical element (4) is connected with a low-voltage copper bar (7), and the outside of the low-voltage copper bar (7) is provided with a mutual inductor (8) for detection.

5. The high-low voltage switchgear assembly with switch short circuit prevention as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The second piezoelectric ceramic (28) is connected with an alternating voltage, and the first piezoelectric ceramic (26) is connected with a pulse unidirectional voltage.

6. The high-low voltage switchgear assembly with switch short circuit prevention as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The short circuit protection assembly includes a guide wire (20), a high-voltage wire (22) and a graphite net (23), one end of the guide wire (20) is connected with the high-voltage copper bar (9) and the fixed plate (10), the other end is connected with the high-voltage wire (22) through the fixed block (21), the graphite net (23) is fixedly installed between the two fixed plates (10) and corresponds to the position of the high-voltage wire (22), the graphite net (23) is a net structure and is connected with an external negative electrode.

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