Crude oil solid and iron removal agent as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a crude oil solid and iron removal agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40-60% wt of a main surfactant which is an ester of polyoxyethylene ether and an acrylic polymer; 10-20% wt of an auxiliary dispersant, wherein the auxiliary dispersant is a sulfonic acid surfactant; the solvent oil comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5% wt of alcohol solvent, 10% wt of water and 5-35% wt of aromatic solvent oil. The kinematic viscosity (20 DEG C) of the crude oil solid and iron removal agent is less than 500mm < 2 > / s, and the surface tension is less than or equal to 30mN / m. The crude oil deferrization agent is high in solid and iron removal efficiency, and the preparation method is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of petrochemical technology, specifically to a crude oil deconsolidation and iron removal agent, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Common solid impurities in crude oil include silt, clay, metal oxides and corrosion products, salt crystals, asphaltene, paraffin wax, and colloids. Solid impurities deposit to form sludge through the following processes: 1. Inter-particle adsorption leads to an increase in the particle size of solid impurities; 2. Solid impurities adhere to and emulsify with water droplets; 3. Solid impurities entrain dissolved inorganic salts from the crude oil.

[0003] Metallic iron impurities are one of the main components of solid impurities. Iron exists in crude oil primarily in the forms of inorganic suspended particles / colloids (the dominant form), oil-soluble iron (small amounts of porphyrins and organic acid complexes), water-soluble iron salts, and bound iron. Among these, bound iron is the most difficult to treat and is the key factor affecting iron removal rate. It is formed when iron ions or iron-containing compounds (including inorganic particles) are adsorbed or encapsulated within or on the surface of polar macromolecular aggregates, forming a stable colloidal dispersion system.

[0004] Bound iron readily adsorbs at the oil-water interface of the electrostatic desalination tank, increasing the strength of the interfacial film and leading to a thickening of the electrostatic desalination emulsion layer. This results in oil-water emulsification during electrostatic desalination, oily and blackened wastewater, and further deterioration of the electrostatic desalination operation. Some solid particles that are not removed in the electrostatic desalination tank will deposit in downstream equipment, causing scaling and reduced heat exchange efficiency in heat exchangers, blockage of trays in towers, and exacerbating corrosion in downstream equipment. This can further affect the activity of catalysts in catalytic cracking and hydrotreating, shortening catalyst life and impacting the long-term operation and economic benefits of the unit.

[0005] Processing high-solids crude oil has always been a challenge for oil refining companies. Due to the limited technical means at present, the main approach on the market is to blend small amounts of such inferior oil to dilute and reduce its impact.

[0006] Crude oil deconsolidation agents can effectively reduce crude oil impurities and eliminate their impact on electrostatic desalting units, but such technology is rarely reported in the industry. Furthermore, current domestic and international demetallization agent technologies primarily utilize strong acid and chelation reactions. Their main components are strong organic carboxylic acids, including but not limited to formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, hydroxycarboxylic acids, and amino acids. While strong acid and chelation combined with effective crude oil desalting and dehydration can remove inorganic iron salts and some organic iron acids from crude oil, the removal rate is relatively low and its broad applicability is poor. It has virtually no effect on inorganic iron encapsulated in asphaltenes. Therefore, most demetallization agents on the market currently have an iron removal rate below 50%, and some crude oils even have an iron removal rate of only around 30%. In addition, acidic substances cause severe corrosion to equipment, further limiting their application range. Moreover, demetallization agents have no effect on other solid impurities in crude oil besides iron.

[0007] In summary, providing suitable and efficient desolidification and iron removal agents to effectively solve the processing problems of crude oil with high solids content has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the problem of low iron removal rate in deferropolymers, this invention provides a crude oil desoldering and deferropolymerizing agent.

[0009] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a crude oil deconsolidation and deironization agent, comprising, by mass percentage, 40-60% wt of a main surfactant, the main surfactant being an esterification of polyoxyethylene ether and acrylic polymer; 10-20% wt of an auxiliary dispersant, the auxiliary dispersant being a sulfonic acid surfactant; 5% wt of an alcohol solvent; 10% wt of water; and 5-35% wt of aromatic solvent oil; the kinematic viscosity (20℃) of the crude oil deconsolidation and deironization agent is <500 mm. 2 / s, surface tension ≤30mN / m.

[0010] This application further enhances the permeability of the iron-removing agent by esterifying a selected polyoxyethylene ether with polyacrylic acid. Simultaneously, the selected polyoxyethylene ether also possesses asphaltenes-dispersing properties, effectively inhibiting asphaltenes precipitation. The polyacrylic acid segments effectively provide chelating groups, exhibiting a prominent chelating effect on ionic iron. Therefore, the esterified polyoxyethylene ether and polyacrylic acid compound designed in this technology possesses multiple functions including deconsolidation, asphaltenes dispersion, and iron chelation. Furthermore, the sulfonic acid surfactant selected in this application possesses both dispersing and permeating properties and provides the necessary H+. + It can effectively remove iron from organic acids.

[0011] Preferably, the synthesis method of the esterified product of polyoxyethylene ether and acrylic polymer is as follows: S1. Add polyoxyethylene ether, acrylic monomer, aromatic solvent oil and oil-soluble initiator to the reaction vessel, and heat to 80~85℃ for 240 min in the absence of air; S2. Add the catalyst to the mixed solution obtained in S1, heat to 150~160℃, and esterify for 120~150 min to obtain the esterified product of polyoxyethylene ether and acrylic polymer.

[0012] Preferably, the polyoxyethylene ether is an alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether or a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether. The structural formula of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (APEO) is as follows: n:8~12, m:4~7.

[0013] The structural formula of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO) is: n: 8~13, m: 3~7.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the molar mass ratio of polyoxyethylene ether to propylene monomer is 1:1~2; the mass of aromatic solvent is the sum of the masses of acrylic monomer and polyether; and the mass of oil-soluble initiator is 2%~3% of the mass of acrylic monomer.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, the mass of the catalyst is 1% to 1.5% of the sum of the mass of the acrylic monomer and the polyether, and the catalyst is p-toluenesulfonic acid.

[0016] Preferably, the sulfonic acid surfactant is sodium diisobutylnaphthalene sulfonate or sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.

[0017] This application also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned crude oil desolidification and deironization agent, specifically: mixing solvent oil, main surfactant and auxiliary dispersant in the above proportion, stirring until the solution changes from emulsion to clear and transparent, thus obtaining the crude oil desolidification and deironization agent.

[0018] This application also provides a method for removing solids and iron from crude oil using the above-mentioned crude oil debonding and deironizing agent, specifically: based on the quality of crude oil, 5~15ppm of crude oil debonding and deironizing agent and 5~25ppm of sedimentation aid are added sequentially in the electric desalting unit; the crude oil debonding and deironizing agent is added before the crude oil pump of the electric desalting unit, and the sedimentation aid is added at the crude oil water injection line of the electric desalting unit.

[0019] Preferably, the settling agent consists of 10% wt of cationic polymer and 90% wt of water.

[0020] This application introduces cationic polymers as sedimentation aids. By neutralizing the charge, the negative charge on the surface of solid impurities can be eliminated. In addition, by utilizing the bridging and sweeping function of cationic polymers, solid impurities (including iron particles) can be effectively captured and dragged into the aqueous phase.

[0021] Preferably, the cationic polymer is polymethacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride or hydroxyethyl cellulose quaternary ammonium salt.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The technical solution provided by the present invention can effectively peel off solid impurities (including some inorganic mineral particles, metals and their compounds such as ferrous sulfide and ferric oxide, salt crystal particles, etc.) that are wrapped in an oil film, and then pull these solid impurities into the water droplets under the action of electric field polarization, so that they are dispersed and dissolved or aggregated and settled to the bottom of the tank.

[0023] 2. The desolidification and iron removal agent provided by the present invention can effectively reduce the solid and impurity content of crude oil, especially the metallic iron content, through a combination of wetting, dispersion, displacement, chelation, charge neutralization, flocculation, and sedimentation. Its desolidification rate is above 89%, and its iron removal rate is above 88%. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the solutions and a preferred embodiment.

[0025] Examples 1-8 describe the preparation of esterified products of polyoxyethylene ether and acrylic polymer: Example 1

[0026] S1. Add 26.0g of isooctanol polyoxyethylene (3) ether (code JFC-3), 7.2g of acrylic monomer (the molar ratio of polyether to acrylic acid is 1:1), 33.2g of aromatic solvent oil 1500# and 0.22g of oil-soluble initiator benzoyl peroxide to the reactor, purge with nitrogen to replace air, and heat to 80℃ for 240min. S2. Add 0.35g of p-toluenesulfonic acid catalyst to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, heat to 150℃, and esterify for 150min to obtain the main surfactant 1.

[0027] The number-average molecular weight (Mn) of the esterification product was determined to be 10576 by GPC (gel permeation chromatography). Example 2

[0028] S1. Add 38.0g of isomeric decayl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (code 1005), 7.2g of acrylic monomer (the molar ratio of polyether to acrylic acid is 1:1), 45.2g of aromatic solvent oil 1500# and 0.16g of oil-soluble initiator benzoyl peroxide to the reaction vessel, purge the air with nitrogen, and heat to 85℃ for 240min. S2. Add 0.50 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid catalyst to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, heat to 160℃, and esterify for 130 min to obtain the main surfactant 2.

[0029] The number-average molecular weight (Mn) of the esterification product was determined to be 13872 by GPC (gel permeation chromatography). Example 3

[0030] S1. Add 49.0g of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene (7) ether (code AEO-7), 14.4g of acrylic acid monomer (the molar ratio of polyether to acrylic acid is 1:2), 63.4g of aromatic solvent oil 1500# and 0.40g of oil-soluble initiator benzoyl peroxide to the reaction vessel, purge with nitrogen to replace air, and heat to 83℃ for 240min. S2. Add 0.80 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid catalyst to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, heat to 155℃, and esterify for 130 min to obtain the main surfactant 3.

[0031] The number-average molecular weight (Mn) of the esterification product was determined to be 18901 by GPC (gel permeation chromatography). Example 4

[0032] S1. Add 51.0g of isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (code E1307), 7.2g of acrylic monomer (the molar ratio of polyether to acrylic acid is 1:1), 58.2g of aromatic solvent oil 1500# and 0.20g of oil-soluble initiator benzoyl peroxide to the reactor, purge the air with nitrogen, and heat to 82℃ for 240min. S2. Add 0.75g of p-toluenesulfonic acid catalyst to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, heat to 155℃, and esterify for 120min to obtain the main surfactant 4.

[0033] The number-average molecular weight (Mn) of the esterification product was determined to be 19224 by GPC (gel permeation chromatography). Example 5

[0034] S1. Add 38.0g of octylphenol polyoxyethylene (4) ether (code OP-4), 10.0g of acrylic monomer (the molar ratio of polyether to acrylic acid is 1:1.39), 48.0g of aromatic solvent oil 1500# and 0.20g of oil-soluble initiator benzoyl peroxide to the reactor, purge with nitrogen to replace air, and heat to 85℃ for 240min. S2. Add 0.55g of p-toluenesulfonic acid catalyst to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, heat to 155℃, and esterify for 120min to obtain the main surfactant 5.

[0035] The number-average molecular weight of the esterified product was determined to be 13383 by GPC (gel permeation chromatography). Example 6

[0036] S1. Add 48.0g of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene (6) ether (code NP-6), 7.2g of acrylic monomer (the molar ratio of polyether to acrylic acid is 1:1), 55.2g of aromatic solvent oil 1500# and 0.22g of oil-soluble initiator benzoyl peroxide to the reactor, purge with nitrogen to replace air, and heat to 85℃ for 240min. S2. Add 0.80 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid catalyst to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, heat to 155℃, and esterify for 120 min to obtain the main surfactant 6.

[0037] The number-average molecular weight of the esterified product was determined to be 14747 by GPC (gel permeation chromatography). Example 7

[0038] S1. Add 53.0g of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene (7) ether (code NP-7), 7.2g of acrylic monomer (the molar ratio of polyether to acrylic acid is 1:1), 60.2g of aromatic solvent oil 1500# and 0.20g of oil-soluble initiator benzoyl peroxide to the reactor, purge with nitrogen to replace air, and heat to 80℃ for 240min. S2. Add 0.80 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid catalyst to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, heat to 155℃, and esterify for 120 min to obtain the main surfactant 7.

[0039] The number-average molecular weight of the esterified product was determined to be 16,839 by GPC (gel permeation chromatography). Example 8

[0040] S1. Add 57.0g of dodecylphenol polyoxyethylene (7) ether (code DP-7), 7.2g of acrylic monomer (the molar ratio of polyether to acrylic acid is 1:1), 64.2g of aromatic solvent oil 1500# and 0.14g of oil-soluble initiator benzoyl peroxide to the reactor, purge with nitrogen to replace air, and heat to 83℃ for 240min. S2. Add 0.90 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid catalyst to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, heat to 155℃, and esterify for 120 min to obtain the main surfactant 8.

[0041] The number-average molecular weight of the esterified product was determined to be 20513 by GPC (gel permeation chromatography).

[0042] Examples 9-18 describe the preparation of crude oil deconsolidation and iron removal agents: Example 9

[0043] Crude oil deconsolidation and iron removal agent, comprising the following components: Main surfactant 1: 40g; Auxiliary dispersant: Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 20g; Alcohol solvent: 5g ethylene glycol; Water: 10g; Aromatic solvent oil: 1500# 25g; The preparation method is as follows: Aromatic solvent oil, main surfactant, auxiliary dispersant, water and alcohol solvent are added to a mixing tank in the above mass ratio and stirred until homogeneous and transparent to obtain crude oil desolidification and iron removal agent 1.

[0044] The preparation method remains unchanged, only the components and amounts of the crude oil deconsolidation and deferroplating agent are altered, resulting in Examples 10-18: Table 1 lists the deconsolidation and iron removal agents used in Examples 10-18. Deconsolidation and iron removal agent main surfactant Auxiliary dispersants alcohol solvents water Aromatic solvent oil Example 10 Main surfactant 2 40g Sodium diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonate 10g 5g of ethylene glycol 10g 1500# 35g Example 11 Main surfactant 3 50g Sodium diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonate 15g 5g of ethanol 10g 1500# 20g Example 12 Main surfactant 4 60g Sodium diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonate 15g 5g of propylene glycol 10g 1500# 10g Example 13 Main surfactant 5 40g Sodium diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonate 20g 5g of ethylene glycol 10g 1500# 25g Example 14 Main surfactant 6 50g Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 15g 5g of ethylene glycol 10g 1500# 20g Example 15 Main surfactant 7 60g Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 10g 5g of ethylene glycol 10g 1500# 15g Example 16 Main surfactant 8 40g Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 15g 5g of ethylene glycol 10g 1500# 30g Example 17 Main surfactant 4+8 20g+30g Sodium diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonate 10g 5g of ethylene glycol 10g S1000 25g Example 18 Main surfactant 2+5 30g+20g Sodium diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonate 15g 5g of ethylene glycol 10g S1000 20g The kinematic viscosity and surface tension of the crude oil deconsolidation and deironization agents in Examples 9-18 were measured.

[0045] The kinematic viscosity determination method refers to GB / T265-88 "Determination of Kinematic Viscosity and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity of Petroleum Products".

[0046] The surface tension measurement method refers to GB / T22237-2008 (Circular Ring Method) "Determination of Surface Tension of Surfactants".

[0047] Table 2 shows the relevant quality parameters of the crude oil deconsolidation and iron removal agents in Examples 9-18. Deconsolidation and iron removal agent <![CDATA[Kinematic viscosity (at 20 °C) mm 2 / s]]> Surface tension mN / m Example 9 267 25 Example 10 323 26 Example 11 432 27 Example 12 469 29 Example 13 306 25 Example 14 343 27 Example 15 409 27 Example 16 498 29 Example 17 477 27 Example 18 312 26 The data above shows that the kinematic viscosity (20℃) of the crude oil deconsolidation and iron removal agent prepared in this application is <500 mm. 2 / s, surface tension ≤30mN / m.

[0048] Comparative Example 1 The preparation process is the same as in Example 9, except that the selected polyoxyethylene ether is not modified.

[0049] The components of the crude oil deconsolidation and iron removal agent are as follows: Isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (3) ether (code JFC-3): 20g; Auxiliary dispersant: Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 20g; Alcohol solvent: 5g ethylene glycol; Water: 10g; Aromatic solvent oil: 1500# 45g.

[0050] Comparative Example 2

[0051] The preparation process is the same as in Example 9, except that no auxiliary dispersant is used.

[0052] The components of the crude oil deconsolidation and iron removal agent are as follows: Main surfactant 1: 40g; Alcohol solvent: 5g ethylene glycol; Water: 10g; Aromatic solvent oil: 1500# 45g.

[0053] Comparative Example 3 Traditional metal removal agents have the following components: Citric acid: 30g; Disodium EDTA: 10g; Formic acid: 20g; Water: 45g; The preparation method of Comparative Example 3 is as follows: Citric acid, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, formic acid and water are added to a mixing tank in the above mass ratio, and stirred until homogeneous and transparent to obtain the product of Comparative Example 3.

[0054] Application examples Electrodesalting simulation experiments were conducted using a DPY-2E demulsifier and an electrodesalting performance tester (Jiangyan Analytical Instrument Factory). The crude oil sample used was crude oil from a certain refinery before desalting. The pre-desalting crude oil had a sediment content of 0.485% and an iron content of 894.6 ppm. 10% tank cleaning oil was added to the pre-desalting crude oil to prepare the crude oil to be tested. After electrodesalting, the solid impurity content of the desalted crude oil was determined according to GB-T6531-1986 "Determination of Sediment in Crude Oil and Fuel Oil (Extraction Method)".

[0055] The following application examples use sedimentation aids with the following composition: Settling aid 1: 10g polymethacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride + 90g water; Sedimentation aid 2: 10g of hydroxyethyl cellulose quaternary ammonium salt + 90g of water.

[0056] The specific measurement steps for Examples 9-18 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are as follows: 1) Place the crude oil sample to be tested into a constant temperature water bath at 70-80 ℃, keep it warm for 1 hour, shake and mix evenly to obtain the oil sample;

[0057] 2) Take 50g of well-mixed oil sample, add 10ppm of oil-soluble demulsifier NS-80 from Jinpu New Materials Co., Ltd. and 5ppm of desoldering and iron removal agent, and mix.

[0058] 3) Take 6%wt of deionized water relative to the oil sample in step 2, add 10ppm of sedimentation aid relative to the oil sample in step 2 and mix.

[0059] 4) Add the deionized water containing the sedimentation aid from step 3 to the oil sample mixed in step 2, and stir using a high-speed homogenizer at 5000 rpm for 20 seconds.

[0060] 5) Pour the mixture from step 4) into the electrostatic desalination tank;

[0061] 6) Place the electro-desalination tank into the electro-desalination test instrument and perform the electro-desalination program;

[0062] 7) After the electro-desalination process is completed, stop the operation and remove the electro-desalination tank;

[0063] 8) Cool the desalination tank to 60°C, record the water output, and observe the oil-water interface.

[0064] 10g of bottom water and some oil sample were released, and the remaining upper oil phase was collected for determination of solid content and iron content.

[0065] Iron determination method: Take 20g of the upper oil layer, ignite until completely ashed, dissolve in hydrochloric acid, and dilute to 1000mL with deionized water. Determine the iron content using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

[0066] The determination procedure for Comparative Example 3 differs from that for Examples 9-18 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 as follows: All other steps remain unchanged, except for steps 2), 3), and 4), which are modified as follows: 2) Take 50g of the well-mixed oil sample and add NS-8010ppm of oil-soluble demulsifier from Jinpu New Materials Co., Ltd. and mix.

[0067] 3) Take 6% wt of deionized water relative to the oil sample in step 2 and mix it with 2700 ppm of the metal removal agent of Comparative Example 3 relative to the oil sample in step 2.

[0068] 4) Add the deionized water containing the metal removal agent from step 3 to the oil sample after mixing in step 2, and stir using a high-speed homogenizer at 5000 rpm for 20 seconds.

[0069] Note: The dosage of traditional demetallizing agents is generally 1 to 5. In this comparative experiment, the dosage of Comparative Example 3 was 3, with a dosage of 2700 ppm, and was added together with the injection water.

[0070] The measurement results of the application examples of Examples 9-18 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are summarized in Table 3, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0071] Table 3 shows the measurement results. Precipitation aids Oil sediment after degreasing Removal rate Iron content after removal (ppm) Removal rate Example 9 Settling aid 1 0.0363% 92.5% 97.1 89.1% Example 10 Settling aid 1 0.0408% 91.6% 101.4 88.7% Example 11 Settling aid 2 0.0437% 91.0% 90.2 89.9% Example 12 Settling aid 1 0.0507% 89.5% 84.9 90.5% Example 13 Settling aid 1 0.0309% 93.6% 92.3 89.7% Example 14 Settling aid 1 0.0438% 91.0% 99.4 88.9% Example 15 Settling aid 2 0.0509% 89.5% 110.3 87.7% Example 16 Settling aid 2 0.0341% 93.0% 77.4 91.3% Example 17 Settling aid 2 0.0225% 95.4% 79.6 91.1% Example 18 Settling aid 1 0.0194% 96.0% 82.4 90.8% Comparative Example 1 Settling aid 1 0.286% 41.0% 423.2 52.7% Comparative Example 2 Settling aid 1 0.207% 57.3% 352.4 60.6% Comparative Example 3 0.293% 39.6% 604.6 32.4% The test results show that after adding the desolidification and iron removal agent of the present invention, the content of oil precipitate and iron after desolidification is significantly reduced. The content of oil precipitate after desolidification is below 0.0509%, and the removal rate is basically around 90%. The content of iron after desolidification is basically below 110 ppm, and the removal rate is above 88%.

[0072] As can be seen from Comparative Examples 1 and 2, if the selected polyether wetting agent is not modified, or if no auxiliary dispersant is used, the removal rates of solid impurities and iron are significantly reduced.

[0073] As can be seen from Comparative Example 3, the removal rate of solids and impurities for this oil sample using a traditional acidic demetallizing agent is only 39.6%, and the removal rate of iron is only 32.4%, which is far lower than the removal rate of this technology.

[0074] Therefore, after modifying the selected polyether wetting agent, the penetration and wetting performance is greatly increased, and the compositions provided by this technology have synergistic and synergistic effects.

[0075] In summary, the deconsolidation and iron removal agent of the present invention has obvious deconsolidation and iron removal effects, and is particularly effective on crude oil with high solids and impurities.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crude oil deconsolidation and iron removal agent, characterized in that, The crude oil desolidification and deironization agent, by mass percentage, comprises 40-60% wt of a main surfactant, which is an esterification of polyoxyethylene ether and acrylic polymer; 10-20% wt of an auxiliary dispersant, which is a sulfonic acid surfactant; 5% wt of an alcohol solvent; 10% wt of water; and 5-35% wt of aromatic solvent oil. The kinematic viscosity (20℃) of the crude oil desolidification and deironization agent is <500 mm. 2 / s, surface tension ≤30mN / m.

2. The crude oil deconsolidation and deferroplating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for synthesizing the esterified product of polyoxyethylene ether and acrylic polymer is as follows: S1. Add polyoxyethylene ether, acrylic monomer, aromatic solvent oil and oil-soluble initiator to the reaction vessel, and heat to 80~85℃ for 240 min in the absence of air; S2. Add the catalyst to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, heat to 150~160℃, and esterify for 120~150min to obtain the esterified product of polyoxyethylene ether and acrylic polymer.

3. The crude oil deconsolidation and deironization agent according to claim 2, characterized in that, The polyoxyethylene ether is an alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether or a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether. The structural formula of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (APEO) is as follows: ,n:8~12,m:4~7; The structural formula of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO) is: ,n:8~13,m:3~7。 4. The crude oil deconsolidation and deironization agent according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1, the molar mass ratio of polyoxyethylene ether to propylene monomer is 1:1~2; the mass of aromatic solvent is the sum of the masses of acrylic monomer and polyether; and the mass of oil-soluble initiator is 2%~3% of the mass of acrylic monomer.

5. The crude oil deconsolidation and deironization agent according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S2, the mass of the catalyst is 1% to 1.5% of the sum of the masses of acrylic monomer and polyether, and the catalyst is p-toluenesulfonic acid.

6. The crude oil deconsolidation and deironization agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sulfonic acid surfactant is sodium diisobutylnaphthalene sulfonate or sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.

7. A method for preparing a crude oil deconsolidation and deironization agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Mix the solvent oil, main surfactant, and auxiliary dispersant in the above proportions and stir until the solution changes from an emulsion to a clear and transparent state to obtain the crude oil desoldering and iron removal agent.

8. A method for removing solids and iron from crude oil, characterized in that, Based on the quality of crude oil, 5-15 ppm crude oil desolidification and iron removal agent and 5-25 ppm sedimentation aid are added sequentially to the electric desalting unit; the crude oil desolidification and iron removal agent is added before the crude oil pump of the electric desalting unit, and the sedimentation aid is added at the crude oil water injection line of the electric desalting unit; the crude oil desolidification and iron removal agent is the crude oil desolidification and iron removal agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The settling aid consists of 10% wt of cationic polymer and 90% wt of water.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cationic polymer is polymethacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride or hydroxyethyl cellulose quaternary ammonium salt.