High-elastic wear-resistant yarn and hot twisting type strip wrapping spinning method and application of high-elastic wear-resistant yarn

Abstract

The invention provides a high-elastic wear-resistant yarn and a hot twisting type strip wrapping spinning method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of textile processing. The yarn is formed by compounding a thermoplastic elastomer flexible membrane material and high-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments, and the composite yarn with a core-sheath structure is prepared through the processes of slitting, heating bonding, twisting and the like. The preparation method comprises the following steps: cutting the thermoplastic film coiled material into strips, converging the strips with the fiber filaments on a ring spinning machine, bonding by a hot pressing device, and winding for forming. Compared with the prior art, the method is short in process, simple to operate, low in cost and easy to popularize. The obtained yarn has high elasticity, high wear resistance and high strength, overcomes the defects that traditional high-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments are inelastic and not wear-resistant, is suitable for the fields of sports shoes, protective equipment, outdoor equipment, intelligent wearing and the like, and has wide application prospects.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of textile processing, and particularly relates to a high-elasticity wear-resistant yarn and a hot-twisted strip coating spinning method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] High-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments are widely used in aerospace, national defense, building reinforcement, petroleum and chemical industry, and leisure and sports due to their light weight, high strength, high modulus, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and a series of excellent properties. However, there are some technical bottlenecks in the actual application of these fiber filaments, such as small friction coefficient, poor adhesion, difficulty in blending with other fiber yarns, lack of elasticity, and poor processability, which limit their application in high-performance textiles.

[0003] In the processing of traditional high-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments, it is difficult to achieve elasticity and wear resistance improvement due to their high rigidity. For example, although carbon fibers and aramid fibers have extremely high strength and modulus, they are prone to breakage during processing due to lack of elasticity, and lack of comfort and wear resistance in the final product. In addition, when these fiber filaments are combined with other materials, due to poor adhesion, it is difficult to form a uniform composite structure, resulting in a decline in the overall performance of the composite material.

[0004] In order to solve these problems, various methods have been tried in the prior art, such as coating an elastic coating on the surface of the fiber or using an elastic fiber for composite. However, these methods have some shortcomings. For example, the coating method may cause the coating on the surface of the fiber to peel off during processing, affecting the performance of the composite material; and the simple composite method is difficult to achieve uniform combination of the fiber and the elastic material, resulting in insufficient elasticity and wear resistance of the composite material.

[0005] Therefore, it is of great practical significance and application value to develop a new method that can effectively solve the technical bottlenecks of high-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments in elasticity, wear resistance, and processability. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present application aims to provide a high-elasticity wear-resistant yarn and a hot-twisted strip coating spinning method and application thereof.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned application purposes, the present application further provides a hot-twisted strip coating spinning method of a high-elasticity wear-resistant yarn, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, cutting a thermoplastic film roll into a strip;

[0009] S2, coating the strip and the high-strength and high-modulus fiber filament into a yarn by hot twisting to obtain a high-elasticity wear-resistant yarn;

[0010] The hot twisting strip covering comprises three-zone gradient hot pressing, and the three-zone gradient heating is divided into a front zone, a middle zone and a rear zone from the front roller to the guide hook; the heating temperature of the front zone is 110-120 DEG C, and the contact pressure is 10-30 mN; the heating temperature of the middle zone is 120-140 DEG C, and the contact pressure is 20-40 mN; the heating temperature of the rear zone is 90-110 DEG C, and the contact pressure is 5-25 mN.

[0011] Preferably, the hot twisting strip covering spinning method of the high-elastic wear-resistant yarn is as follows:

[0012] S1, the thermoplastic film roll is placed in a cutting machine and cut into a strip;

[0013] S2, the high-strength and high-modulus fiber filament and the strip are respectively converged at the front roller and the front rubber roller nip through guide rollers, the high-strength and high-modulus fiber filament is ensured to be located in the middle of the strip, a three-zone gradient hot pressing device is added to the lower part of the yarn between the front roller and the guide hook, the pre-polymer bonded by heating is wound on the bobbin after passing through the guide hook and the steel ring, and finally the high-elastic wear-resistant yarn is obtained.

[0014] The high-strength and high-modulus fiber filament is at least one of aramid fiber, carbon fiber, para-aramid fiber, polyethylene fiber, polyimide fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber, polyarylate fiber, basalt fiber and silicon carbide fiber.

[0015] The thermoplastic film roll is at least one of thermoplastic styrene-based elastomer, thermoplastic vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

[0016] The width of the strip is 5-30 mm, and the thickness is 0.01-0.05 mm.

[0017] The spindle speed of the ring spinning machine is 1500-3000 r / min, and the output speed is 5-20 m / min.

[0018] The arc length of each heating contact surface of the three-zone gradient hot pressing device corresponds to a central angle of 10-60 degrees, and the arc length radius is 5-10 mm, and the interval between each heating contact surface is 3-20 mm.

[0019] The high-elastic wear-resistant yarn provided by the application is applied to sports shoes, protective equipment, outdoor equipment and smart wear.

[0020] The improvement idea and creativity of the present application are reflected in the step-by-step optimization of the processing method of high-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments. First, to solve the problems of high-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments such as small friction coefficient, poor adhesion, no elasticity and poor processability, the present application adopts the method of wrapping the fiber filaments with a strip. This method wraps a flexible strip of thermoplastic elastomer outside the fiber filaments, uses the elasticity and adhesion of the thermoplastic elastomer to improve the surface properties of the fiber filaments, increases the elasticity and wear resistance of the fiber filaments, and also improves the processability of the fiber filaments, providing a basis for subsequent processing.

[0021] Further, the present application introduces a heating step to make the thermoplastic elastomer strip and the fiber filaments better adhere together. This improvement not only enhances the bonding force between the strip and the fiber, but also improves the overall performance of the yarn, making the composite yarn more stable during processing. The introduction of the heating step is a key step to solve the poor adhesion between the fiber filaments and the thermoplastic elastomer strip, which enables the two materials to form a tighter bond at high temperature, thereby improving the overall performance of the composite yarn.

[0022] On this basis, the present application further optimizes the heating process and adopts a three-zone gradient heating method. This heating method realizes precise control of the thermoplastic elastomer strip by setting different temperatures in different zones. The preheating in the front zone ensures that the strip reaches the appropriate temperature before entering the bonding zone, softens the strip and avoids cold stretching and breaking, the middle zone performs precise bonding, and the rear zone performs cooling and shaping transition to reduce the relaxation of the yarn structure caused by cold and hot deformation. This partition heating method not only improves the bonding quality of the yarn, but also reduces thermal damage caused by uneven temperature, further improving the performance and quality of the yarn.

[0023] Finally, the present application further optimizes the preparation process of the composite yarn by precisely controlling the pressure. By adjusting the pressure, it ensures that the thermoplastic elastomer strip and the fiber filaments can be uniformly bonded, while avoiding damage to the yarn caused by excessive pressure or poor adhesion caused by insufficient pressure. This precise control of pressure, combined with the three-zone gradient heating process, enables the composite yarn to maintain high strength and high modulus while having excellent elasticity and wear resistance, ultimately realizing the high performance and processability of high-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments, making it possible for the yarn to be used in outdoor sports shoes and other fields.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1) The present application successfully prepares a composite yarn with high elasticity, high wear resistance and high strength by using a thermoplastic elastomer flexible strip to cover high-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments, combined with a three-zone gradient heating and precise pressure control process. This composite yarn overcomes the technical bottleneck of traditional high-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments, which are not elastic and not wear-resistant, significantly improving the overall performance of the yarn, making it able to meet the needs of high-performance textiles such as outdoor sports shoes, protective equipment, etc.

[0026] 2) The present application proposes a hot twist strip coating spinning method, which directly and continuously converts linear composite prepolymers into linear cylindrical core composite yarns by using the twisting core effect of the spinning frame in the strip spinning method. This method not only simplifies the traditional spinning process, eliminates a series of processes such as doubling and roving, but also improves production efficiency and reduces production cost, with significant economic advantages and easy application characteristics.

[0027] 3) The high-elastic wear-resistant yarn prepared by the present application not only maintains high strength and high modulus, but also has excellent elasticity and wear resistance, greatly expanding its application range. This material not only applies to the preparation of high-performance textiles such as outdoor sports shoes and protective equipment, but also can be used in the field of smart wearable devices, providing new possibilities for the application of high-performance fiber composites in more fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 Structure diagram of ring spinning machine device used in hot twist strip coating spinning method of high-elastic wear-resistant yarn of embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0029] 1, strip; 2, high-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments; 3-1, guide roller; 3-2, guide roller; 4, front roller; 5, front rubber roller; 6, three-zone gradient heat pressing device; 7, yarn guide hook; 8, steel ring; 9, bobbin;

[0030] Figure 2 Flowchart of hot twist strip coating spinning method of high-elastic wear-resistant yarn of embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 Physical picture digital photo of hot twist strip coating spinning method of high-elastic wear-resistant yarn of embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 Picture of fabric prepared from high-elastic wear-resistant yarn prepared in embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 Picture of micro display of fabric prepared from high-elastic wear-resistant yarn prepared in embodiment 1 of the present application under 3D microscope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Polyethylene fiber, denier: 100D, number of filaments: 82, function: high modulus, breaking strength: 345.20 (N / tex), Dongguan Suowei Special Thread Belt Co., Ltd.

[0035] Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), thickness 0.015mm, model: Hydro10, Sichuan Youbo Ruixing New Material Co., Ltd.

[0036] The raw materials in the examples and comparative examples of the present application are all commercially available products.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A hot twist type strip covering spinning method of a high-elastic wear-resistant yarn is as follows:

[0039] S1, the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer film coiled material is placed in a cutting machine, and is cut into a strip 1 with a width of 15mm and a thickness of 0.015mm;

[0040] S2, using a ring spinning machine for processing, the polyethylene fiber 2 and the strip 1 are converged at the nip of the front roller 4 and the front rubber roller 5 through the guide roller 3-1, 3-2, to ensure that the polyethylene fiber 2 is located in the middle of the strip 1, a three-zone gradient hot pressing device 6 is added between the yarn under the front roller 4 and the guide hook 7, the pre-polymer bonded by heating is wound on the yarn tube 9 after passing through the guide hook 7 and the ring traveler 8, the spindle speed of the ring spinning machine is 1800r / min, and the output speed is 12m / min, the arc length corresponding to the central angle of each heating contact surface of the three-zone gradient hot pressing device 6 is 30 degrees, and the arc length radius is 8mm, the interval of each heating contact surface is 10mm, and the three-zone gradient hot pressing device 6 is divided into a front zone, a middle zone and a rear zone from the front roller 4 to the guide hook 7; the heating temperature of the front zone is 115℃, and the contact pressure is 20mN; the heating temperature of the middle zone is 130℃, and the contact pressure is 30mN; the heating temperature of the rear zone is 100℃, and the contact pressure is 15mN; finally, a high-elastic wear-resistant yarn is obtained.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] A hot twist type strip covering spinning method of a high-elastic wear-resistant yarn is basically the same as that of example 1, and the only difference is that the heating temperature of the middle zone is 135℃.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A hot twist type strip covering spinning method of a high-elastic wear-resistant yarn is basically the same as that of example 1, and the only difference is that the heating temperature of the middle zone is 125℃.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] A high-elastic wear-resistant yarn hot twist type strip covering spinning method is basically the same as that of Example 1, the only difference is that the middle zone pressure is set to 45 mN.

[0047] Example 5

[0048] A high-elastic wear-resistant yarn hot twist type strip covering spinning method is basically the same as that of Example 1, the only difference is that the middle zone pressure is set to 15 mN.

[0049] Example 6

[0050] A high-elastic wear-resistant yarn hot twist type strip covering spinning method is basically the same as that of Example 1, the only difference is that the back zone heating temperature is 120°C.

[0051] Example 7

[0052] A high-elastic wear-resistant yarn hot twist type strip covering spinning method is basically the same as that of Example 1, the only difference is that the back zone pressure is set to 25 mN.

[0053] Comparative Example 1

[0054] A high-elastic wear-resistant yarn hot twist type strip covering spinning method is basically the same as that of Example 1, the only difference is that the front zone and the back zone are not set.

[0055] Comparative Example 2

[0056] A high-elastic wear-resistant yarn hot twist type strip covering spinning method is basically the same as that of Example 1, the only difference is that the front zone, the middle zone, and the back zone are all at room temperature.

[0057] Comparative Example 3

[0058] A high-elastic wear-resistant yarn hot twist type strip covering spinning method is basically the same as that of Example 1, the only difference is that the heating and pressing device 6 is not set.

[0059] Comparative Example 4

[0060] A high-elastic wear-resistant yarn hot twist type strip covering spinning method is basically the same as that of Example 1, the only difference is that only polyethylene fiber 2 is used, and strip 1 is not used.

[0061] Comparative Example 5

[0062] A high-elastic wear-resistant yarn hot twist type strip covering spinning method is basically the same as that of Example 1, the only difference is that only the cut strip 1 is used, and the polyethylene fiber 2 is not used.

[0063] Test Example 1

[0064] Wear resistance test:

[0065] According to the national textile industry standard JJ / F050-2015 "Yarn Abrasion Resistance Tester Calibration Specification", the abrasion resistance of the high-elasticity abrasion-resistant yarn prepared in the examples and the comparative examples of the application is tested. The tester is FFZ622 yarn abrasion resistance tester, the test frequency of each group is 10 times, the speed is 60 times / min, the friction medium is selected as 400 mesh sandpaper, the weight of the weight is 40 g, the abrasion frequency is recorded, and the average value is taken as the result.

[0066] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0067] Table 1

[0068] Experimental protocol Average number of rubs / rub Example 1 4752 Example 2 4271 Example 3 4325 Example 4 4456 Example 5 4295 Example 6 4501 Example 7 4630 Comparative Example 1 3963 Comparative Example 2 3862 Comparative Example 3 3695 Comparative Example 4 2759 Comparative Example 5 1996

[0069] Test Example 2

[0070] Elastic recovery rate test:

[0071] According to the textile industry standard FZ / T50007-2012 "Spandex Elastic Test Method", the high-elasticity abrasion-resistant yarn prepared in the examples and the comparative examples of the application is evaluated for elastic recovery performance by using YG061F type electronic single yarn strength machine. The test parameters are: pre-tension: 0.5 cN / dtex; tensile speed: 500 mm / min; cycle mode: 3 times of fixed elongation stretching (elongation rate 30%); holding time: 30 seconds (fixed length relaxation after each stretching), relaxation time: 180 seconds (free recovery after the last stretching), 10 sample quantities of each test group, record the elastic recovery rate after the last cycle, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0072] εr= (L1-L2) / (L1-L0) x 100%

[0073] Wherein: L0: original length of the sample (mm);

[0074] L1: length when stretched to fixed length (mm);

[0075] L2: final length after relaxation (mm);

[0076] The result represents the elastic recovery performance of the material in the form of arithmetic mean, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0077] Table 2

[0078] Experimental protocol Elastic recovery (%) Example 1 91.5 Example 2 85.2 Example 3 82.4 Example 4 87.5 Example 5 86.0 Example 6 82.6 Example 7 90.1 Comparative Example 1 70.6 Comparative Example 2 48.3 Comparative Example 3 45.5 Comparative Example 4 Could not achieve 30% elongation Comparative Example 5 95.1

[0079] Example 1 precisely matches the viscoelastic state transition window of TPU in temperature control, and the temperature of 130°C makes the strip reach a balance between the molten viscous state and the high elastic state, the molecular chain segment movement ability is moderate, the polyethylene filament is completely coated, the adhesion is sufficient and the structure is stable, there is no excessive flow or thermal degradation, the wear resistance is 4752 times, the elastic recovery rate is 91.5%, and the microstructure of TPU completely infiltrates the fiber without air gap or hole, and the stress is uniformly distributed. While Example 2 (135°C) exceeds the critical point of TPU thermal stability, the molecular chain is broken, local overheating leads to TPU decomposition, the yarn unevenness increases, the elastic recovery rate decreases to 85.2%, stress concentration points are formed, and the wear resistance decreases by 10.1%; Example 3 (125°C) is lower than the viscoelastic transition temperature, the strip diffusion is not sufficient, the interface bonding is weak, the risk of core leakage rises, and the virtual adhesion phenomenon leads to a decrease of 9.0% in wear resistance.

[0080] Example 1 (middle zone pressure 30mN) realizes the optimal balance of high wear resistance (4752 times) and high elasticity (91.5%) by precisely regulating the thermal resistance-temperature coupling relationship. In terms of heat conduction mechanism, 30mN pressure eliminates micro air gap, maximizes heat conduction efficiency, and stabilizes the actual temperature at 130°C, matching the viscoelastic state of TPU. Example 4 (45mN) has excessive tension and small thermal resistance, leading to local overheating, TPU molecular chain breakage, yarn unevenness, stress concentration points, and decreases in wear resistance and elastic recovery rate; Example 5 (15mN) has small tension and large thermal resistance, the actual temperature is lower than the viscoelastic window, TPU and fiber have virtual adhesion, and the performance decays significantly when friction occurs.

[0081] The post-zone 100°C / 15mN process of Example 1 is superior to Examples 6 and 7 in terms of temperature-phase transition regulation, pressure-molecular chain relaxation, and microstructure verification. In terms of temperature, Example 1 precisely matches the glass transition temperature of TPU, is in the transition zone from high elastic state to glass state, realizes slow and orderly crystallization, forms fine spherocrystals, ensures high elastic recovery rate (91.5%) and good wear resistance (4752 times), while Example 6 over-temperature breaks through the viscous state and forms coarse spherocrystals, leading to performance decay. In terms of pressure, the 15mN pressure of Example 1 allows the molecular chain to relax freely, forms moderate ordered crystallinity, and realizes high elastic recovery based on entropic elasticity, while the high pressure of Example 7 forces the molecular chain to orient and increases crystallinity, sacrificing elasticity and wear resistance.

Claims

1. A heat twist stripe covered yarn spinning process of high elastic wear resistant yarn characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: S1, cutting the thermoplastic film roll into a strip (1); S2, the strip (1) and high-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments (2) are covered into yarn by hot twisting, and a high-elastic wear-resistant yarn is obtained; The hot twisting strip covering comprises three-zone gradient hot pressing, and the three-zone gradient heating is divided into a front zone, a middle zone and a rear zone from the front roller (4) to the guide hook (7); the front zone has a heating temperature of 110-120 degrees and a contact pressure of 10-30 mN; the middle zone has a heating temperature of 120-140 degrees and a contact pressure of 20-40 mN; and the rear zone has a heating temperature of 90-110 degrees and a contact pressure of 5-25 mN.

2. The hot twist stripe wrap spinning process of high stretch wear- resistant yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein, It comprises the following steps: S1, placing the thermoplastic film roll on a cutting machine and cutting it into a strip (1); S2, using a ring spinning machine to process, the high-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments (2) and the strip (1) are converged at the nip of the front roller (4) and the front rubber roller (5) through guide rollers (3-1), (3-2), to ensure that the high-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments (2) are located in the middle of the strip (1), and a three-zone gradient hot pressing device (6) is added below the yarn between the front roller (4) and the guide hook (7), and the pre-polymer bonded by heating is wound onto the bobbin (9) after passing through the guide hook (7) and the ring (8), and finally a high-elastic wear-resistant yarn is obtained.

3. The hot twist stripe wrap spinning process of high stretch wear- resistant yarn as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The high-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments (2) are at least one of aramid fiber, carbon fiber, para-aramid fiber, polyethylene fiber, polyimide fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber, polyarylate fiber, basalt fiber and silicon carbide fiber.

4. The hot twist stripe wrap spinning process of high stretch wear- resistant yarn as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The thermoplastic film roll is at least one of thermoplastic styrene-based elastomer, thermoplastic vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

5. The hot twist stripe wrap spinning process of high stretch wear- resistant yarn as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein, The width of the strip (1) is 5-30 mm, and the thickness is 0.01-0.05 mm.

6. The hot twist stripe wrap spinning process of high stretch wear- resistant yarn as claimed in claim 2 wherein, The spindle speed of the ring spinning machine is 1500-3000 r / min, and the output speed is 5-20 m / min.

7. The hot twist stripe wrap spinning process of high stretch wear- resistant yarn as claimed in claim 2 wherein, The arc length of each heating contact surface of the three-zone gradient hot pressing device (6) corresponds to a central angle of 10-60 degrees, and the arc length radius is 5-10 mm, and the interval between each heating contact surface is 3-20 mm.

8. A high-elasticity, abrasion-resistant yarn, characterized by It is prepared by using the spinning method according to any one of claims 1-7, and has a core-sheath composite gradient bonding structure, the high-strength and high-modulus fiber filaments (2) are used as the core layer, the thermoplastic film roll strip (1) is used as the sheath layer, a molecular-level interpenetrating interface is formed by three-zone gradient hot pressing, and efficient bonding of the core layer and the sheath layer is realized.

9. Use of high stretch wear resistant yarn as claimed in claim 8, wherein, The high-elastic wear-resistant yarn is applied to sports shoes, protective equipment, outdoor equipment and smart wear.

Images