Wheel-rail force testing method and device for in-service railway wheel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wagon testing, in particular to a wheel-rail force testing method and device for a service railway wheel, and aims to determine a fitting function of normal stress output and position radius under different working conditions through a three-dimensional finite element model of the wheel. And determining the radius enabling the measurement precision to be the highest based on the fitting function, thereby realizing optimization of the position of the strain gauge. Furthermore, based on a plurality of strain gauges, strain output information is determined, so that the wheel-rail force borne by the wheel can be determined. Therefore, continuous monitoring of the wheel-rail force borne by the running wheel can be realized without destructive processing of the wheel and the axle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of truck testing, in particular to a wheel-rail force testing method and device for a railway wheel in service. BACKGROUND

[0002] During the operation of a railway vehicle, wheel-rail force is the direct source of vibration and damage of the vehicle and track system, and is the basis for evaluating the safety of the vehicle operation. However, the commonly used measurement method can only be used to measure the wheel-rail force when the vehicle passes through a specific rail section, and the wheel-rail force cannot be effectively obtained when the vehicle is running at other positions, which belongs to intermittent testing and is not suitable for continuous monitoring of the wheel-rail force of the railway vehicle. In addition, the wheel-rail force is usually obtained by processing holes and through holes on the wheel and axle. The processing of holes and through holes on the wheel and axle is a destructive process, which may cause safety hazards to the safe operation of the vehicle.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to combine the wheel-rail force testing method with the railway truck in service, and to find a method that does not damage the structure of the wheel and can continuously monitor the wheel-rail force during the operation of the railway truck in service. SUMMARY

[0004] The present disclosure provides a wheel-rail force testing method and device for a railway wheel in service, to determine the fitting function of the normal stress output and the position radius under different working conditions by a three-dimensional finite element model of the wheel. And based on the fitting function, the configuration position of the strain gauge is optimized, and the strain output information is determined based on the strain gauge, and finally the wheel-rail force acting on the wheel is determined.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a wheel-rail force testing method for a railway wheel in service, comprising: determining a three-dimensional finite element model of the wheel which is symmetric about the center of the axle, the three-dimensional finite element model at least including a layer of zero stiffness shell elements attached to the surface of the wheel; based on the normal stress output of the shell elements along the second direction of the local coordinate system, establishing a plurality of fitting functions of the normal stress output and the position radius under a plurality of working conditions, the working conditions at least including a first lateral force, a first vertical force and a position radius; based on the plurality of fitting functions, determining a first radius, a second radius and a third radius on the inner surface of the wheel web; and based on a plurality of strain gauges arranged on the first radius, the second radius and the third radius, determining strain output information of the strain gauges, the strain output information at least used to determine the wheel-rail force acting on the wheel, the wheel-rail force at least including a second lateral force and a second vertical force.

[0006] In some embodiments, the testing method further comprises: pointing the second direction of the local coordinate system of the shell element to the center line of the wheel; and based on the stress state of the wheel, constraining the degrees of freedom of all nodes on the connecting surface of the wheel and the axle.

[0007] In some embodiments, based on the normal stress output of the shell element along the second direction of the local coordinate system, a plurality of fitting functions of the normal stress output and the position radius under a plurality of working conditions are established, including: determining a plurality of working conditions based on the first vertical force and the first lateral force respectively applied at the position radius, the position radius at least including distances of 38mm, 70mm and 105mm from the wheel back at the same angle of the three-dimensional finite element model; determining the normal stress output of the shell element centered at 0 degrees under the plurality of working conditions; and based on the normal stress output and the position radius included in the working condition corresponding to the normal stress output, determining a plurality of fitting functions.

[0008] In some embodiments, based on the plurality of strain gauges configured on the first radius, the second radius and the third radius, the strain output information of the strain gauges is determined, including: configuring the first strain gauges at the first radius and the second radius at 30°, 60°, 120°, 150°, 210°, 240°, 300° and 330°; and based on the first strain gauges, determining the first strain output information, the first strain output information being used at least to determine the second lateral force.

[0009] In some embodiments, based on the first strain gauges, the first strain output information is determined, the first strain output information being used at least to determine the second lateral force, including: based on the first strain gauges configured at 30°, 150°, 210°, 330°, determining a first strain bridge circuit; based on the first strain gauges configured at 60°, 120°, 240°, 300°, determining a second strain bridge circuit; and based on the first strain bridge circuit and the second strain bridge circuit, determining the first strain output information.

[0010] In some embodiments, based on the plurality of strain gauges configured on the first radius, the second radius and the third radius, the strain output information of the strain gauges is determined, including: configuring the second strain gauges at the third radius at 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270° and 315°; and based on the second strain gauges, determining the second strain output information, the second strain output information being used at least to determine the second vertical force.

[0011] In some embodiments, based on the second strain gauges, the second strain output information is determined, the second strain output information being used at least to determine the second vertical force, including: based on the second strain gauges configured at 0°, 90°, 180°, 270°, determining a third strain bridge circuit; based on the second strain gauges configured at 45°, 135°, 225°, 315°, determining a fourth strain bridge circuit; and based on the third strain bridge circuit and the fourth strain bridge circuit, determining the second strain output information.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a wheel-rail force testing device for a service railway wheel, comprising: a strain collection module configured to determine strain output information of a plurality of strain gauges arranged on a first radius, a second radius and a third radius, and the strain output information is used to determine at least a second lateral force and a second vertical force acting on the wheel.

[0013] In some embodiments, the testing device further comprises: a signal conditioning module configured to convert the strain output information into a digital signal; and transmit the digital signal; and a data processing module configured to restore the strain output information based on the digital signal; and determine the second lateral force and the second vertical force acting on the wheel based on the strain output information.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of the above aspect.

[0015] The present disclosure provides a wheel-rail force testing method and device for a service railway wheel, by determining a three-dimensional finite element model of the wheel, and determining a fitting function of normal stress output and position radius under different working conditions based on the three-dimensional finite element model. Thus, the first radius, the second radius and the third radius that can make the wheel-rail force testing accuracy highest can be determined. And a plurality of strain gauges are arranged based on the first radius, the second radius and the third radius, and the wheel-rail force acting on the wheel is determined through the strain output information of the strain gauges. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The present disclosure will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A flowchart of a wheel-rail force testing method for a service railway wheel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 2 A flowchart of another testing method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 3 A flowchart of another testing method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a lateral force measurement strain gauge arrangement provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a lateral force measurement bridge circuit provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 6 A flowchart of another testing method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a vertical force measurement strain gauge arrangement provided for embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a vertical force measurement bridge circuit provided for embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 9 A block diagram of a wheel-rail force testing device provided for embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of wheel-rail force testing device data transmission provided for embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0026] In the drawings, the same components have the same reference numbers, and the drawings are not drawn to scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present disclosure for those skilled in the art, and to fully understand and implement the implementation process of the present disclosure for applying technical means to solve technical problems and achieve corresponding technical effects, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all embodiments. The embodiments of the present disclosure and various features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and the technical solutions formed thereby are within the protection scope of the present disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should be within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present disclosure and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present disclosure described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0029] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described herein can be executed in an order different from that shown.

[0030] Figure 1 A flowchart of a wheel-rail force testing method for a service railway wheel is provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1 the testing method includes the following steps: S101, determining a three-dimensional finite element model of the wheel which is symmetric about the center of the axle, the three-dimensional finite element model at least including a layer of zero-stiffness shell elements attached to the surface of the wheel.

[0031] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a three-dimensional finite element model of the wheel can be established. Specifically, according to the three-dimensional entity model of the wheel, the wheel can be discretized into three-dimensional entity elements symmetric about the center of the wheel using finite element elements, and the three-dimensional entity elements can be assigned with actual wheel material properties.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the three-dimensional finite element model can include zero-stiffness shell elements. Specifically, a layer of zero-stiffness shell elements can be attached to the surface of the wheel. Wherein, zero-stiffness means that the shell elements have the same deformation as the three-dimensional entity elements to which they are attached, but the attached shell elements do not provide additional stiffness to the wheel.

[0033] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a layer of zero-stiffness two-dimensional shell elements is attached to the surface of the wheel web, while also ensuring that the shell elements share nodes with the web surface entity elements. Based on this, it is convenient to extract the strain response consistent with the strain gauge output in the three-dimensional finite element model.

[0034] S102, based on the normal stress output of the shell elements along the second direction of the local coordinate system, a plurality of fitting functions of the normal stress output and the position radius under a plurality of working conditions are established, the working conditions at least consisting of the first lateral force, the first vertical force and the position radius.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the normal stress output of the shell elements along the second direction of the local coordinate system can refer to the stress in the direction tangent to the surface of the wheel web at any position and pointing to the center line of the axle. It can be understood that the second direction of the local coordinate system of the shell elements is tangent to the surface of the web and points to the center line of the wheel.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, different normal stress outputs can be extracted under different working conditions. Each working condition can include a position radius. Then the normal stress output under a working condition can be linearly fitted with the position radius included in the working condition to obtain the corresponding fitting function under different working conditions.

[0037] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, different groups of load conditions can be composed of a first vertical force applied to the wheel at different position radii in the three-dimensional finite element model and a first lateral force applied to the wheel. For example, a first vertical force with an amplitude of 1 times the static wheel weight and a first lateral force with an amplitude of 1 times the static wheel weight can be respectively applied at a lateral distance of 38 mm from the wheel back at the same angle of the three-dimensional finite element model, thereby forming two different conditions.

[0038] Figure 2 The flowchart of another test method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 6. As shown in FIG. 6, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, step S102 can further include the following steps: Figure 2 S201, determining a plurality of conditions based on the first vertical force and the first lateral force respectively applied at the position radii, the position radii including at least a lateral distance of 38 mm, 70 mm and 105 mm from the wheel back at the same angle of the three-dimensional finite element model.

[0039] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first vertical force with an amplitude of 1 times the static wheel weight and a first lateral force with an amplitude of 1 times the static wheel weight can be respectively applied at a lateral distance of 38 mm, 70 mm and 105 mm from the wheel back at the same angle of the three-dimensional finite element model, thereby forming a total of 6 load conditions. By constructing different conditions, the stress positions of the outer rail side wheel when the wheel passes through a curve, the wheel when passing through a straight line and the inner rail side wheel when the wheel passes through a curve can be simulated respectively, so that the wheel-rail force borne by the wheel can be better determined.

[0040] S202, determining the normal stress output of the shell element with a center at 0 degrees under the plurality of conditions.

[0041] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the normal stress output of the second direction under the local coordinate system of all shell elements with a center at 0 degrees, i.e., the surface tangential stress, can be extracted.

[0042] S203, determining a plurality of fitting functions based on the normal stress output and the position radii included in the condition corresponding to the normal stress output.

[0043] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the relationship between the extracted normal stress output and the position radii under each condition can be established, and a plurality of fitting functions, i.e., f P38 、 f P70 、 f P105 、 f Q38 、 f Q70 and f Q105 ​. Thus, by establishing the relationship between the normal stress output and the position radius, the optimization problem of the force wheel pair bridge scheme can be converted into a parameter optimization problem about the first radius, the second radius and the third radius.

[0044] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, by constructing different working conditions, the stress condition of the wheel is simulated, so that the measured wheel rail force result is more accurate.

[0045] S103, based on the plurality of fitting functions, determining the first radius, the second radius and the third radius on the inner side surface of the wheel web.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to seek the radius that makes the lateral force test accuracy the highest, the particle swarm optimization algorithm can be used to seek the first radius and the second radius so that the objective function f objQ (A,B) takes the minimum value.

[0047]

[0048] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to seek the radius that makes the vertical force test accuracy the highest, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to seek the third radius so that the objective function f objP (C) takes the minimum value.

[0049]

[0050] Alternatively, the above steps further include using a differential evolution algorithm, a genetic algorithm, a simulated annealing algorithm, an ant colony algorithm, an immune optimization algorithm, and a fish swarm algorithm to seek the optimal first radius, second radius and third radius. Based on this, the strain gauge configuration position can be optimized through the above steps, so as to improve the accuracy of the strain gauge measurement result and ensure the accuracy of the measurement method.

[0051] S104, based on the plurality of strain gauges arranged on the first radius, the second radius and the third radius, determining strain output information of the strain gauges, the strain output information being used at least to determine the wheel rail force borne by the wheel, the wheel rail force including at least the second lateral force and the second vertical force.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of strain gauges are arranged on the first radius, the second radius and the third radius of the inner side surface of the wheel web. The strain output information of the plurality of strain gauges can be used to determine the second lateral force and the second vertical force borne by the wheel.

[0053] Specifically, step S104 can include steps as Figure 3 in the embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 3 Another test method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in the flowchart.

[0054] Figure 3 As shown in Figure S301, a first strain gauge is disposed at 30°, 60°, 120°, 150°, 210°, 240°, 300° and 330° of the first radius and the second radius.

[0055] In this embodiment, 16 first strain gauge measuring points can be arranged at 30°, 60°, 120°, 150°, 210°, 240°, 300°, and 330° on the inner surface of the wheel spokes at the first and second radii. The first strain gauges are tangential to the surface of the wheel spokes and point towards the center of the wheel. The center of the first strain gauge is located at the intersection of the radius line and the angle line. Figure 4 As shown. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of strain gauges for measuring lateral force provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0056] S302. Based on the first strain gauges configured at 30°, 150°, 210°, and 330°, determine the first strain bridge circuit.

[0057] S303. Based on the first strain gauges configured at 60°, 120°, 240°, and 300°, determine the second strain bridge circuit.

[0058] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first strain gauges at 30°, 150°, 210°, and 330° can be used as references based on the stress state of the wheel surface under lateral force. Figure 5 (a) forms the first strain gauge bridge circuit. And the first strain gauges at 60°, 120°, 240°, and 300° are used as references. Figure 5 (b) forms the second strain bridge circuit. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a lateral force measurement bridge circuit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0059] Further reference Figure 4 The arrangement of the transverse force measurement bridge according to an embodiment of this disclosure will be described.

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, two orthogonal Wheatstone bridges for measuring the lateral force of the wheel and rail can be arranged inside the spokes of the wheelset under test. Each lateral force bridge includes eight strain gauges on four sections of two concentric circles with radii equal to a first radius and a second radius. The four sections are located on two diameter lines with an included angle of 60°. The strain responses at the first and second radii on the same selected radius line under the action of only vertical force are compared. The difference in strain at the two measuring points decouples the lateral bridge output from the wheel-rail vertical force. The output of each lateral bridge is a simple harmonic wave with a period equal to the wheelset rotation period. The lateral force bridge outputs in the 0° and 90° directions can be denoted as follows: and .

[0061] S304, determining the first strain output information based on the first strain bridge circuit and the second strain bridge circuit.

[0062] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the output of the first strain bridge circuit is synthesized with the output of the second strain bridge circuit to determine the first strain output information. Q out . Wherein, the synthesis formula is:

[0063] Specifically, step S104 can further include steps as in Figure 6 , Figure 6 The flowchart of another test method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 6 , step S104 includes: S601, configuring the second strain gauges at 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270° and 315° of the third radius.

[0064] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, 8 second strain gauge measuring points are arranged at 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270° and 315° of the third radius on the inner surface of the wheel spoke, the second strain gauges are tangential to the surface of the wheel spoke and point to the center of the wheel, the center of the second strain gauge is located at the intersection of the radius line and the angle line, for example, as shown in Figure 7 . Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the vertical force measuring strain gauge arrangement provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0065] S602, determining the third strain bridge circuit based on the second strain gauges configured at 0°, 90°, 180° and 270°.

[0066] S603, determining the fourth strain bridge circuit based on the second strain gauges configured at 45°, 135°, 225° and 315°.

[0067] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, according to the stress state of the wheel surface when bearing the vertical force, the second strain gauges at 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° can be composed into the third strain bridge circuit with reference to Figure 8 , and the second strain gauges at 45°, 135°, 225° and 315° can be composed into the fourth strain bridge circuit with reference to Figure 8 . Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the vertical force measuring bridge circuit provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0068] ​​Further reference Figure 7 The vertical force measurement bridge arrangement of the embodiments of the present disclosure is described.

[0069] As Figure 7 shown, two Wheatstone full bridges with a phase difference of 45° for measuring wheel-rail vertical forces can be arranged inside the measured wheel web, and each wheel-rail vertical force full bridge includes a total of 4 second strain gauges located on the 4 sections of the concentric circle with the third radius. The output of each vertical bridge is an approximate triangular wave with a period of twice the wheel rotation period, and the vertical force bridge outputs in the 0° direction and the 90° direction are respectively denoted as And .

[0070] S604, based on the third strain bridge circuit and the fourth strain bridge circuit, determine the second strain output information.

[0071] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the output of the third strain bridge circuit and the output of the fourth strain bridge circuit are synthesized to determine the second strain output information P out . Wherein the synthesis formula is:

[0072] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case of determining the first radius, the second radius and the third radius with the highest wheel-rail force measurement accuracy, by arranging strain gauges at the radius, strain gauges can be arranged on only one side of the wheel web surface, and accurate measurement of wheel-rail force can be realized. That is, destructive processing of the wheel and axle can be effectively avoided. At the same time, the strain gauges can be used to monitor the wheel, and continuous monitoring of the wheel-rail force of the service running vehicle can be realized.

[0073] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case of determining the first strain output information Q out and the second strain output information P out , the wheel-rail force acting on the wheel can be determined based on the first strain output information Q out and the second strain output information P out . Wherein the wheel-rail force can include a second lateral force and a second vertical force.

[0074] In some embodiments, the test method further comprises: pointing the second direction of the local coordinate system of the shell unit to the center line of the wheel; and based on the stress state of the wheel, constraining the degrees of freedom of all nodes of the wheel and axle connection surface.

[0075] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the shell units can be adjusted so that the second direction of the local coordinate system of all the shell units points to the wheel center line. Meanwhile, the degrees of freedom of all the nodes on the wheel and the axle connecting surface are constrained.

[0076] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, a three-dimensional finite element model of the wheel is established. Based on the three-dimensional finite element model, the normal stress output of the shell units under different working conditions is determined. A fitting function is constructed for the normal stress output and the position radius under each working condition. Based on the plurality of fitting functions, the radius at which the measured wheel-rail force has the highest accuracy is determined. A plurality of strain gauges are arranged at the radius. Based on the strain output information of the strain gauges, the wheel-rail force acting on the wheel is determined. In this way, without machining holes on the wheel and the axle, the wheel-rail force of the wheel can be monitored without damaging the structure of the wheel. Meanwhile, without measuring the wheel-rail force of the wheel at a specific position, the wheel-rail force of the wheel can be continuously monitored during the operation of the vehicle.

[0077] The present disclosure provides a wheel-rail force testing device for a service railway wheel, as shown in Figure 9 . Figure 9 A block diagram of a wheel-rail force testing device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0078] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the testing device includes a strain acquisition module. The strain acquisition module is configured to determine the strain output information of the strain gauges based on the plurality of strain gauges arranged at the first radius, the second radius and the third radius, and the strain output information is used at least to determine the second lateral force and the second vertical force acting on the wheel.

[0079] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the strain acquisition module can acquire the strain output information of the wheel based on the strain gauges. In this way, the wheel-rail force acting on the wheel can be determined. Thus, by arranging the strain gauges, the wheel-rail force acting on the wheel can be acquired, and the purpose of continuously monitoring the wheel-rail force of the service vehicle can be achieved.

[0080] In some embodiments, the testing device further includes a signal conditioning module and a data processing module.

[0081] The signal conditioning module is configured to convert the strain output information into a digital signal and send the digital signal. The data processing module is configured to restore the strain output information based on the digital signal, and determine the second lateral force and the second vertical force of the wheel based on the strain output information.

[0082] In addition, the testing device of the embodiments of the present disclosure can further include an induction power supply module, a signal conditioning module, a signal pickup module, etc. The various modules included in the testing device will be described below with reference to, for example, 10.

[0083] Figure 10A schematic diagram of data transmission of the wheel-rail force testing device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0084] As shown in Figure 10 The testing device can include a strain collection module, an inductive power supply module, a signal conditioning module, a signal pickup module, and a data processing module.

[0085] The first strain bridge, the second strain bridge, the third strain bridge, and the fourth strain bridge are directly connected to the strain collection module installed on the surface of the wheel axle through a wired manner. The strain collection module can receive the direct current transmitted by the inductive power supply module installed on the surface of the wheel axle, and amplify and transmit the strain output information of the strain bridge to the signal conditioning module installed on the surface of the wheel axle. The signal conditioning module can receive the direct current transmitted by the inductive power supply module, convert the strain output information transmitted by the strain collection module into a digital signal, and send the digital signal randomly through a wireless manner in a high-frequency alternating signal with a carrier of 45MHz. The signal pickup module installed on the bogie can receive the high-frequency carrier signal wirelessly transmitted by the signal conditioning module and transmit the signal to the data processing module. The data processing module can demodulate the digital signal, restore the original strain output information of the first strain bridge, the second strain bridge, the third strain bridge, and the fourth strain bridge, and calculate the wheel-rail second lateral force and the wheel-rail second vertical force.

[0086] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the running wheel can be monitored through the strain collection module, the signal conditioning module, and the data processing module. Noise will not be introduced in the signal transmission process through the wireless transmission manner, and thus the measurement accuracy will not be affected. At the same time, the stability and signal-to-noise ratio of the signal transmission of the high-speed rotating wheel can be improved, and long-term testing of the wheel-rail force of the service vehicle can be realized.

[0087] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the present embodiment provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory. The processor executes the computer program to realize the steps of the method of the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method of the above-mentioned embodiment are realized.

[0089] In some embodiments of the present embodiment, a computer program product is provided, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method of the above-mentioned embodiment are realized.

[0090] The above describes a wheel-rail force testing method and device for a service railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure with reference to the drawings. A fitting function of normal stress output and position radius under different working conditions is determined through a three-dimensional finite element model of the wheel. The radius that provides the highest measurement accuracy is determined based on the fitting function, thereby optimizing the position of the strain gauge. Further, the strain output information is determined based on multiple strain gauges, so that the wheel-rail force borne by the wheel can be determined. Thus, the wheel-rail force can be quickly measured without destructive processing of the wheel and axle, and the requirement of monitoring the wheel-rail force at all times during train travel can be met, thereby ensuring train travel safety.

[0091] The processor can include, but is not limited to, for example, one or more processors or microprocessors, etc. Each processor can be an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or other electronic elements for implementing the methods in the above embodiments.

[0092] The computer readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage devices or a combination thereof, and can include, but is not limited to, for example, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), a flash memory, an EPROM memory, an EEPROM memory, a register, a computer storage medium (such as a hard disk, a floppy disk, a solid state disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, a Blu-ray disc, etc.).

[0093] The computer-readable storage medium can also store at least one computer executable program / instruction, e.g., computer-readable instructions. The computer-readable storage medium includes, but is not limited to, e.g., volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory can include, e.g., random access memory (RAM), cache, etc. The computer-readable storage medium can include, e.g., read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. For example, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium can be connected to a computing device such as a computer, and then, in a case where the computing device executes the computer-readable instructions stored on the computer-readable storage medium, the various methods as described above can be performed.

[0094] In addition to this, the computer device can also include, but is not limited to, a data bus, an input / output (I / O) bus, a display, and an input / output device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a speaker, etc.), etc.

[0095] The processor can communicate with an external device via a wired or wireless network through the I / O bus.

[0096] In one embodiment, the at least one computer executable instruction can also be compiled or constitute a software product / computer program product, wherein one or more computer executable instructions are executed by the processor to perform the steps of the various functions and / or methods in the embodiments described in the present technology.

[0097] In the embodiments provided in the present disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can also be implemented by other means. The apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the flowchart and block diagram in the drawings show the possible implementation architecture, function and operation of the apparatus, method and computer program product according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of code, which contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks can occur in different orders from that shown in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and sometimes they can be executed in reverse order, depending on the function involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system for performing the specified function or action, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0098] It is to be understood that the terminology "including", "comprising", or any other variation thereof, is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses that comprise a list of elements are not necessarily limited to those elements, but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses. Without limitation, an element preceded by "comprises a" does not, without more constraints, foreclose the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

[0099] Although the disclosed embodiments of the present disclosure are as described above, the above description is only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any person skilled in the art of the present disclosure can make any modification and change in the form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, but the patent protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wheel-rail force testing method for a railway wheel in service, characterized by, Comprising: determining a three-dimensional finite element model of a wheel symmetric about an axle center, the three-dimensional finite element model comprising at least a layer of zero-stiffness shell elements attached to a surface of the wheel; establishing a plurality of fitting functions of normal stress output of the shell elements along a second direction of a local coordinate system versus a location radius under a plurality of working conditions, the working conditions consisting of at least a first lateral force, a first vertical force, and the location radius; determining a first radius, a second radius, and a third radius on an inner surface of a wheel web of the wheel based on the plurality of fitting functions; and determining strain output information of a plurality of strain gauges disposed on the first radius, the second radius, and the third radius, the strain output information used for determining at least a second lateral force and a second vertical force of the wheel. Further comprising:

2. The test method of claim 1, wherein, pointing the second direction of the local coordinate system of the shell elements to a centerline of the wheel; and constraining degrees of freedom of all nodes of a wheel-axle connection surface of the wheel based on a force state of the wheel. The establishing a plurality of fitting functions of normal stress output of the shell elements along a second direction of a local coordinate system versus a location radius under a plurality of working conditions comprises: determining the plurality of working conditions based on the first vertical force and the first lateral force respectively applied at the location radius, the location radius comprising at least 38mm, 70mm, and 105mm from a wheel back at the same angle of the three-dimensional finite element model; 3. The test method of claim 1, wherein, determining the normal stress output of the shell elements centered at 0 degrees under the plurality of working conditions; and determining the plurality of fitting functions based on the normal stress output and the location radius included in the working conditions corresponding to the normal stress output. The determining strain output information of a plurality of strain gauges disposed on the first radius, the second radius, and the third radius comprises: disposing first strain gauges at the first radius and 30°, 60°, 120°, 150°, 210°, 240°, 300°, and 330° of the second radius; and 4. The method of claim 1, wherein, determining first strain output information based on the first strain gauges, the first strain output information used for determining at least the second lateral force. The determining first strain output information based on the first strain gauges, the first strain output information used for determining at least the second lateral force comprises: determining a first strain bridge circuit based on the first strain gauges disposed at 30°, 150°, 210°, and 330°; 5. The method of claim 4, wherein, determining a second strain bridge circuit based on the first strain gauges disposed at 60°, 120°, 240°, and 300°; and determining the first strain output information based on the first strain bridge circuit and the second strain bridge circuit. The determining strain output information of a plurality of strain gauges disposed on the first radius, the second radius, and the third radius comprises: ​ 6. The method of claim 1, wherein, ​ a second strain gauge is configured at 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, and 315° of the third radius; and determining second strain output information based on the second strain gauge, the second strain output information being used at least for determining the second vertical force.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The determining second strain output information based on the second strain gauge, the second strain output information being used at least for determining the second vertical force, comprises: determining a third strain bridge circuit based on the second strain gauge configured at 0°, 90°, 180°, 270°; determining a fourth strain bridge circuit based on the second strain gauge configured at 45°, 135°, 225°, 315°; and determining the second strain output information based on the third strain bridge circuit and the fourth strain bridge circuit.

8. A wheel-rail force testing device for a service railway wheel, characterized by, comprises: a strain collecting module configured to determine strain output information of the strain gauges based on a plurality of strain gauges configured on a first radius, a second radius, and a third radius, the strain output information being used at least for determining wheel-rail forces on a wheel, the wheel-rail forces comprising at least a second lateral force and a second vertical force.

9. The test device of claim 8, wherein, further comprises: a signal conditioning module configured to convert the strain output information into digital signals, and to transmit the digital signals; and and a data processing module configured to restore the strain output information based on the digital signals, and to determine the second lateral force and the second vertical force of the wheel based on the strain output information.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

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