Prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of fire-fighting materials, and particularly discloses a prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire-extinguishing material and a preparation method thereof. According to the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsule, the capsule core and the capsule shell are arranged to form the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsule, when the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsule is used as a fire extinguishing material, the capsule shell can be broken at high temperature to leak a perfluorohexanone solution, the perfluorohexanone solution is used for extinguishing fire and preventing fire, and the material can be stored at normal temperature and normal pressure and is wide in application range; according to the perfluorohexanone fire-extinguishing microcapsule and the preparation method thereof, the capsule core is made of perfluorohexanone, the fire-extinguishing effect is excellent, the three layers of shells are arranged outside the capsule core, the capsule core made of perfluorohexanone is wrapped with the three layers of shells in an echelon distribution mode, through the cooperation effect of the multiple layers of shells, the overall stability of the perfluorohexanone fire-extinguishing microcapsule can be effectively improved, and a perfluorohexanone solution can be prevented from permeating the capsule shells to volatilize; the system stability of the fire extinguishing microcapsule is effectively maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fire protection materials technology, specifically relating to a prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Perfluorohexanone (PFH) fire extinguishing material is a clean gaseous fire extinguishing agent with perfluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone as its core component. It achieves high-efficiency fire extinguishing through a dual mechanism of physical endothermic cooling and chemical interruption of free radical chain reactions. Its ODP is zero, and its GWP is only 1, far lower than traditional fluorinated gases, meeting international environmental convention requirements. This material is liquid at room temperature, colorless and odorless after vaporization, and has an electrical insulation performance as high as 43kV / mm. Its extinguishing concentration is as low as 6.5%, and it can extinguish Class A, B, and C fires within 60 seconds without leaving residue. It is particularly suitable for precision locations such as data centers, power equipment, and energy storage batteries. Its low vapor pressure (approximately 40kPa at 25℃) ensures high safety for storage at normal pressure. It is stable and does not decompose in environments ranging from -40℃ to 85℃, and its toxicity to humans is lower than that of heptafluoropropane. Combining rapid response, environmental friendliness, and equipment compatibility, it has become a new generation of fire extinguishing solutions to replace halon and fluorinated greenhouse gases.

[0003] However, due to the volatility of perfluorohexanone, to ensure that the perfluorohexanone solution can function at room temperature, a microencapsulation process can be used to encapsulate the perfluorohexanone solution to form fire extinguishing microcapsules. The outer coating of the fire extinguishing microcapsule can restrict the volatilization of the perfluorohexanone solution. The fire extinguishing microcapsule ruptures at a certain temperature to release the perfluorohexanone solution for fire extinguishing and fire prevention. In addition to restricting the volatilization of the perfluorohexanone solution, the outer coating also needs to prevent the perfluorohexanone solution from leaking and remain stable at a certain temperature to avoid accidental triggering of the fire extinguishing microcapsule. However, the stability of the outer coating of the existing fire extinguishing microcapsule is not good, and it is not possible to achieve long-term stable storage of the fire extinguishing microcapsule. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material and its preparation method, so as to solve the problem that the outer coating of existing fire extinguishing microcapsules is not stable, which leads to the inability of fire extinguishing microcapsules to be stored stably for a long time.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material, comprising perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsules, including:

[0007] The capsule core contains perfluorohexanone;

[0008] The capsule comprises a first shell, a second shell, and a third shell arranged sequentially from the inside out;

[0009] The mass ratio of the core to the shell is 5:1 to 9:1.

[0010] Preferably, the first, second, and third shells each contain a solvent, a polymeric material, a DOPO derivative, and an isocyanate, wherein the solvent, polymeric material, DOPO derivative, and isocyanate are used in a mass ratio of 150-200:60-100:5-10:3-5, and the polymeric material includes:

[0011] Natural polymer materials, including gelatin, alginate, gum arabic, chitosan, xanthan gum, plant gum, guar gum, and carrageenan;

[0012] Semi-synthetic polymer materials, including sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl guar gum, octenyl succinate starch, and low-methoxyl pectin;

[0013] Synthetic polymer materials include polymethyl methacrylate, epoxy resin, polyurethane, amino resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin, furan resin, resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, xylene-formaldehyde resin, unsaturated polyester, polyimide, and urea-formaldehyde resin.

[0014] Preferably, the first shell layer further includes an anti-ultraviolet agent and nano-oxides, wherein the anti-ultraviolet agent includes salicylates, benzophenones, and benzotriazoles, and the nano-oxides include nano-silica and nano-metal oxides.

[0015] Preferably, the second housing further comprises a catalyst, a surfactant, and a flame retardant, wherein the catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate, the surfactant is Triton and OP-10, and the flame retardant is decabromodiphenyl ethane.

[0016] Preferably, the third shell layer further includes a photoinitiator and an active diluent.

[0017] A method for preparing a prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material, applicable to the preparation of a prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material, comprising:

[0018] Perfluorohexanone, solvent, polymer material, DOPO derivative and isocyanate are taken according to the mass fraction ratio, and the solvent, polymer material, DOPO derivative and isocyanate are homogeneously dispersed to form a coating slurry;

[0019] A coating slurry, UV stabilizer, nano-oxide, and perfluorohexanone were mixed and stirred at 25°C and 130 rpm for 30 min to form a water-in-oil emulsion. A curing agent was added to the water-in-oil emulsion, and after curing in an ice bath, a first shell was formed on the outside of the perfluorohexanone droplets to obtain a primary fire extinguishing microcapsule.

[0020] The coating slurry, catalyst, surfactant and flame retardant are homogenously mixed, and the primary fire extinguishing microcapsules are placed in the mixture and cured at 40-60℃ to form the second shell, thus obtaining the intermediate fire extinguishing microcapsules.

[0021] The coating slurry, photoinitiator and reactive diluent were homogenized and mixed. The intermediate fire extinguishing microcapsules were placed in the mixture and cured by irradiation with ultraviolet light to obtain perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsules.

[0022] Preferably, the curing agent includes formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, and sodium polyphosphate.

[0023] Preferably, the amount of curing agent used is 0.5% to 5% of the water-in-oil emulsion.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] This invention uses a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsule composed of a core and a shell. When the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsule is used as a fire extinguishing material, the shell will rupture at high temperature to release perfluorohexanone solution, which is then used for fire extinguishing and fire prevention. This material can be stored and used at normal temperature and pressure, has a wide range of applications, and has excellent fire extinguishing effect.

[0026] By setting three shells outside the core, the three shells are distributed in a stepped manner to wrap around the core made of perfluorohexanone. Through the cooperation of the multiple shells, the overall stability of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsule can be effectively improved, and the perfluorohexanone solution can be prevented from evaporating through the shell, thus effectively maintaining the stability of the fire extinguishing microcapsule system.

[0027] By adding DOPO derivatives and isocyanates to the shell, the two can be polymerized to form flame-retardant polyurethane, which can improve the thermal stability of the shell. When the fire extinguishing microcapsule breaks, the shell and core can work together to enhance the fire extinguishing effect of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsule.

[0028] The third shell is formed by ultraviolet light curing, which gives it good water vapor barrier properties. This effectively prevents water molecules from penetrating into the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsules during long-term storage, thus preventing perfluorohexanone from hydrolyzing and becoming ineffective. It also ensures that the wall material is dense enough to prevent water molecules from penetrating into the microcapsules and causing perfluorohexanone to hydrolyze and become ineffective. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating a method for preparing a prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material disclosed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example:

[0032] Please see Figure 1 As shown, a prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material, comprising perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsules, includes:

[0033] The capsule core contains perfluorohexanone;

[0034] The capsule comprises a first shell, a second shell, and a third shell arranged sequentially from the inside out;

[0035] The mass ratio of the core to the shell is 5:1 to 9:1.

[0036] As can be seen from the above, by setting up a core and a shell to form a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsule, when using the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsule as a fire extinguishing material, the shell will rupture at high temperatures and leak perfluorohexanone solution, which is then used for fire extinguishing and fire prevention. This material can be stored and used at normal temperature and pressure, has a wide range of applications, and has excellent fire extinguishing effect. By setting three shells around the core, the three shells are distributed in a stepped manner and wrap around the core made of perfluorohexanone. Through the cooperation of multiple shells, the overall stability of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsule can be effectively improved, and the volatilization of perfluorohexanone solution through the shell can be prevented, thus effectively maintaining the stability of the fire extinguishing microcapsule system.

[0037] The first, second, and third shells each contain a solvent, a polymeric material, a DOPO derivative, and an isocyanate. The solvent, polymeric material, DOPO derivative, and isocyanate are used in a mass ratio of 150-200:60-100:5-10:3-5. The polymeric material includes:

[0038] Natural polymer materials, including gelatin, alginate, gum arabic, chitosan, xanthan gum, plant gum, guar gum, and carrageenan;

[0039] Semi-synthetic polymer materials, including sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl guar gum, octenyl succinate starch, and low-methoxyl pectin;

[0040] Synthetic polymer materials include polymethyl methacrylate, epoxy resin, polyurethane, amino resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin, furan resin, resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, xylene-formaldehyde resin, unsaturated polyester, polyimide, and urea-formaldehyde resin.

[0041] The polymer material can be one or more of natural polymer materials, semi-synthetic polymer materials, and synthetic polymer materials, or a mixture of multiple polymer materials can be used. By adding DOPO derivatives and isocyanates to the shell, the two can polymerize to form flame-retardant polyurethane, which can improve the thermal stability of the shell. When the fire extinguishing microcapsule breaks, the shell and core can work together to enhance the fire extinguishing effect of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsule.

[0042] The first shell also includes UV stabilizers and nano-oxides. The UV stabilizers include salicylates, benzophenones, and benzotriazoles, and the nano-oxides include nano-silica and nano-metal oxides.

[0043] By adding UV stabilizers and nano-oxides to the formulation of solvents, polymer materials, DOPO derivatives and isocyanates, the UV stabilizers and nano-oxides can improve the UV resistance and anti-aging properties of the first shell, prevent the first shell from aging during long-term use, maintain the stability of the properties of the first shell, and effectively prevent the first shell from being corroded by perfluorohexanone after long-term contact after aging, thereby ensuring the stability of the properties of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsules.

[0044] The second housing also contains a catalyst, a surfactant, and a flame retardant. The catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate, the surfactant is Triton and OP-10, and the flame retardant is decabromodiphenyl ethane.

[0045] By adding catalysts, surfactants, and flame retardants to the formulation of solvents, polymer materials, DOPO derivatives, and isocyanates, the catalysts and surfactants can improve the dispersion of flame retardants in the system, allowing the flame retardants to be evenly distributed in the second shell, improving the thermal stability of the second shell, and preventing accidental triggering of the fire extinguishing device when the ambient temperature rises. Moreover, because flame retardants are used in the second shell, when perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsules are sprayed onto the ignition point, not only does perfluorohexanone produce a fire extinguishing effect, but the flame retardant in the second shell of the capsule also plays a fire extinguishing role to a certain extent, which can synergistically enhance the fire extinguishing effect of the fire extinguishing material.

[0046] The third shell also includes a photoinitiator and an active diluent. After the photoinitiator and active diluent are added to the system of solvent, polymer material, DOPO derivative and isocyanate, a curing layer is formed after ultraviolet irradiation. This curing layer can further improve the barrier performance of the outer layer, prevent water molecules from penetrating into the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsules during long-term storage, and effectively maintain the long-term stability of perfluorohexanone inside the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsules.

[0047] A method for preparing a prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material, applicable to the preparation of a prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material, comprising:

[0048] Perfluorohexanone, solvent, polymer material, DOPO derivative and isocyanate are taken according to the mass fraction ratio, and the solvent, polymer material, DOPO derivative and isocyanate are homogeneously dispersed to form a coating slurry;

[0049] A coating slurry, UV stabilizer, nano-oxide, and perfluorohexanone were mixed and stirred at 25°C and 130 rpm for 30 min to form a water-in-oil emulsion. A curing agent was added to the water-in-oil emulsion, and after curing in an ice bath, a first shell was formed on the outside of the perfluorohexanone droplets to obtain a primary fire extinguishing microcapsule.

[0050] The coating slurry, catalyst, surfactant and flame retardant are homogenously mixed, and the primary fire extinguishing microcapsules are placed in the mixture and cured at 40-60℃ to form the second shell, thus obtaining the intermediate fire extinguishing microcapsules.

[0051] The coating slurry, photoinitiator and reactive diluent were homogenized and mixed. The intermediate fire extinguishing microcapsules were placed in the mixture and cured by irradiation with ultraviolet light to obtain perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsules.

[0052] The curing agent includes formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, and sodium polyphosphate, and the amount of the curing agent is 0.5% to 5% of the water-in-oil emulsion.

[0053] In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. "A plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0054] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0055] The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve structures relevant to the embodiments disclosed in this invention. Other structures can be referred to with common designs. Unless otherwise specified, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material, characterized in that, Prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material consists of perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsules, including: The capsule core contains perfluorohexanone; The capsule comprises a first shell, a second shell, and a third shell arranged sequentially from the inside out; The mass ratio of the core to the shell is 5:1 to 9:

1.

2. The prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first, second, and third shells each contain a solvent, a polymeric material, a DOPO derivative, and an isocyanate. The solvent, polymeric material, DOPO derivative, and isocyanate are used in a mass ratio of 150-200:60-100:5-10:3-5. The polymeric material includes: Natural polymer materials, including gelatin, alginate, gum arabic, chitosan, xanthan gum, plant gum, guar gum, and carrageenan; Semi-synthetic polymer materials, including sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl guar gum, octenyl succinate starch, and low-methoxyl pectin; Synthetic polymer materials include polymethyl methacrylate, epoxy resin, polyurethane, amino resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin, furan resin, resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, xylene-formaldehyde resin, unsaturated polyester, polyimide, and urea-formaldehyde resin.

3. The prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first shell also includes UV stabilizers and nano-oxides. The UV stabilizers include salicylates, benzophenones, and benzotriazoles, and the nano-oxides include nano-silica and nano-metal oxides.

4. The prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second housing also contains a catalyst, a surfactant, and a flame retardant. The catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate, the surfactant is Triton and OP-10, and the flame retardant is decabromodiphenyl ethane.

5. A prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third shell also includes a photoinitiator and an active diluent.

6. A method for preparing a prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material, characterized in that, Application in the preparation of a prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material as described in any one of claims 1-5, comprising: Perfluorohexanone, solvent, polymer material, DOPO derivative and isocyanate are taken according to the mass fraction ratio, and the solvent, polymer material, DOPO derivative and isocyanate are homogeneously dispersed to form a coating slurry; A coating slurry, UV stabilizer, nano-oxide, and perfluorohexanone were mixed and stirred at 25°C and 130 rpm for 30 min to form a water-in-oil emulsion. A curing agent was added to the water-in-oil emulsion, and after curing in an ice bath, a first shell was formed on the outside of the perfluorohexanone droplets to obtain a primary fire extinguishing microcapsule. The coating slurry, catalyst, surfactant and flame retardant are homogenously mixed, and the primary fire extinguishing microcapsules are placed in the mixture and cured at 40-60℃ to form the second shell, thus obtaining the intermediate fire extinguishing microcapsules. The coating slurry, photoinitiator and reactive diluent were homogenized and mixed. The intermediate fire extinguishing microcapsules were placed in the mixture and cured by irradiation with ultraviolet light to obtain perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsules.

7. The method for preparing a prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The curing agent includes formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, and sodium polyphosphate.

8. The method for preparing a prefabricated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The amount of curing agent used is 0.5% to 5% of the water-in-oil emulsion.

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