Five-axis numerical control machining center

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining machine tools, and provides a five-axis numerical control machining center which is provided with a material changing station and a machining station. The first turntable is rotationally arranged on the machine tool; one end of the first clamping arm is rotationally arranged on the first rotating disc, the first clamping arm is eccentrically arranged relative to a rotating shaft of the first rotating disc, and the first clamping arm is provided with a first cylindrical clamping part used for clamping a cylindrical material; the first limiting frame is arranged on the machine tool in a lifting mode, the first limiting frame is provided with a first frame opening which horizontally extends to allow the first clamping arm to penetrate through, and the inner wall of the first frame opening is used for being connected with the two sides of the first clamping arm in an abutting mode and making the cylindrical materials in the first cylindrical clamping part face the machining station; according to the cylindrical material feeding and discharging device, the cylindrical materials cannot incline in the Z direction along with rotation of the first rotary disc in the feeding and discharging process, the Z-direction space is saved, X-direction movement is kept, the cylindrical materials are kept stable in the moving process, errors generated in the feeding process are reduced, and therefore the machining precision is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of machine tool technology, specifically to a five-axis CNC machining center. Background Technology

[0002] In modern manufacturing, the loading and unloading operations of traditional five-axis machine tools are mostly done manually. Due to the complex structure and compact internal space of five-axis machine tools, workers have limited operating space during loading and unloading. This forces workers to expend considerable effort not only to accurately place and secure cylindrical materials but also to constantly be mindful of their own safety to avoid collisions with moving parts of the machine tool—a process that is both time-consuming and labor-intensive. Furthermore, traditional five-axis machine tools lack a rapid material positioning mechanism during loading and unloading. This further prolongs loading and unloading time, reduces the actual processing time, and results in low overall production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, the present invention provides a five-axis CNC machining center, which solves the technical problem that the existing five-axis CNC machining center lacks rapid positioning of materials, prolongs loading and unloading time, reduces the actual processing time of the machine tool, and leads to low overall production efficiency.

[0004] According to one aspect, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a five-axis CNC machining center for machining cylindrical materials, comprising: Machine tools, which have a material changing station and a processing station; The first turntable is rotatably mounted on the machine tool and located at the material changing station; The first clamping arm has one end rotatably mounted on the first turntable, and the first clamping arm is eccentrically arranged relative to the rotation axis of the first turntable. The first clamping arm has a first cylindrical clamping part that extends away from the first turntable and is used to clamp cylindrical materials. The first clamping arm can approach the processing station under the rotation of the first turntable. The first limiting frame is raised and lowered on the machine tool and located at the material changing station. The first limiting frame has a first frame opening that extends horizontally to allow the first clamping arm to pass through. The inner wall of the first frame opening is used to abut against both sides of the first clamping arm to restrict the first clamping arm from rotating around its main axis and to keep the cylindrical material in the first cylindrical clamping part facing the processing station.

[0005] For example, in a five-axis CNC machining center provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, the direction of the line connecting the material changing station and the machining station in the machine tool is defined as the X-direction, the vertical direction of the machine tool is defined as the Z-direction, and the direction perpendicular to X and Z is defined as the Y-direction. The five-axis CNC machining center further includes: The main turntable is rotatably mounted on the machine tool. The axis of rotation of the main turntable is parallel to the X-direction. The main turntable has an eccentrically set first through hole. The main turntable can rotate until the first through hole is coaxial with the first cylindrical clamping part, so that the cylindrical material clamped by the first cylindrical clamping part can pass through the first through hole and extend to the processing station. The first clamping arm is a telescopic structure, and when the main turntable rotates, the first cylindrical clamping part can remain coaxial with the first through hole.

[0006] For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, a five-axis CNC machining center further includes: The second turntable is rotatably mounted on the machine tool and is coaxially arranged with the first turntable. The second turntable and the first turntable are located on opposite sides of the main turntable. The second clamping arm has one end rotatably mounted on the second turntable, and the second clamping arm is eccentrically arranged relative to the rotation axis of the second turntable. The second clamping arm has a second cylindrical clamping part that extends away from the second turntable and is used to clamp another cylindrical material. The second clamping arm can approach the processing station under the rotation of the second turntable. The second limiting frame is raised and lowered on the machine tool and located at the material changing station. The second limiting frame has a second frame opening that extends horizontally to allow the second clamping arm to pass through. The inner wall of the second frame opening is used to abut against the two sides of the second clamping arm to restrict the second clamping arm from rotating around its main axis and to keep the cylindrical material in the second cylindrical clamping part facing the processing station.

[0007] For example, in a five-axis CNC machining center provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, the main turntable also has an eccentrically arranged second through hole, and the main turntable can rotate until the second through hole is coaxial with the second cylindrical clamping part, so that the cylindrical material clamped by the second cylindrical clamping part can pass through the second through hole and extend to the machining station; The second clamping arm is a telescopic structure. When the main turntable rotates, the second cylindrical clamping part remains coaxial with the second through hole.

[0008] For example, in a five-axis CNC machining center provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, the first turntable and the second turntable each have a fixed position near the main turntable and a material changing position circumferentially spaced from the fixed position. The first clamping arm moves between the material changing position and the fixed position of the first turntable, and the second clamping arm moves between the material changing position and the fixed position of the second turntable. The fixed position is closer to the processing station than the material changing position. The angle between the line connecting the material changing position and the center of the first turntable and the line connecting the fixed position and the center of the first turntable is a, where a ≤ 90°. The angle between the first through hole and the second through hole is b, where b = a.

[0009] For example, in a five-axis CNC machining center provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, a first turntable has a first slider on the side opposite to the first clamping arm, and a second turntable has a second slider on the side opposite to the second clamping arm; a five-axis CNC machining center further includes: A first clamping plate is rotatably mounted on a machine tool and has a first groove for sliding a first slider. The second clamping plate is rotatably mounted on the machine tool and has a second slide groove for the second slider to slide.

[0010] For example, in a five-axis CNC machining center provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, a first slide groove is provided through the first clamping plate radially; a second slide groove is provided through the second clamping plate radially. The first clamping plate is movable along the X direction and is mounted on the machine tool. When the first slide is parallel to the X direction, the first clamping plate can move between the machining station and the material changing station. The second clamping plate is movable along the X direction on the machine tool. When the second slide is parallel to the X direction, the second clamping plate can move between the machining station and the material changing station. The second clamping plate is used to cooperate with the first clamping plate to clamp the two sides of the rectangular part.

[0011] For example, in a five-axis CNC machining center provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, there are two first drive motors, both of which are movably mounted on the machine tool and are used to drive the first turntable and the second turntable to rotate respectively.

[0012] For example, in a five-axis CNC machining center provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, a slide is movably mounted on the machine tool along the X direction to support a first drive motor; A lead screw is rotatably mounted on the machine tool and threadedly connected to the slide. The second drive motor is installed on the machine tool and is used to drive the lead screw to rotate.

[0013] For example, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a five-axis CNC machining center, wherein a slide is divided into a first base and a second base, the first base is movably mounted on the machine tool along the X direction, and the second base is movably mounted on the first base along the Y direction, the second base being used to support a first drive motor; a five-axis CNC machining center further includes: A linear drive unit is mounted on the machine tool along the X-axis. Its drive end is connected to the second base body and is used to drive the second base body to move.

[0014] For example, in a five-axis CNC machining center provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal direction of the machine tool is divided into the X and Y directions, and the vertical direction of the machine tool is the Z direction, and it further includes: The first base is movable and mounted on the machine tool along the X direction; The second base is movable along the Y direction and is mounted on the first base, and can move with the first base; The third base is movable along the Z-direction and is mounted on the second base, and can move with the second base; The processing device is used to process workpieces and is rotatably mounted on a third base. The rotation axis of the processing device is parallel to the Y direction and can move with the third base.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: In this invention, the first limiting frame is raised and lowered on the machine tool via a Z-axis guide rail. The first clamping arm extends through the opening of the first limiting frame, and the inner wall of the opening abuts against the upper and lower side walls of the first clamping arm. This allows the first limiting frame to follow the first clamping arm in the Z-axis movement as the first turntable rotates, maintaining clamping and limiting the first clamping arm at all times. This ensures that the cylindrical shaft of the first cylindrical clamping part remains parallel to the X-axis during the rotation of the first turntable. If the first clamping arm is fixed to the first turntable without a first limiting frame, the cylindrical material will move in a fan-shaped trajectory as the turntable rotates. If the cylindrical material moves in a fan shape, its position and angle will constantly change with the turntable's rotation when entering the processing station, requiring recalibration each time and easily leading to significant positioning errors. Maintaining horizontal movement ensures a relatively stable position and posture of the material during loading and unloading, resulting in more precise positioning upon entering the processing station. This significantly reduces processing errors caused by inaccurate positioning and improves the dimensional and shape accuracy of the product. The stable horizontal state ensures that the material's position and posture are identical during each loading and unloading operation. For batch processing of cylindrical materials, this guarantees consistent initial conditions for each workpiece. This contributes to improved processing consistency, resulting in more stable product quality, reduced quality fluctuations, and compliance with high-precision, high-volume production requirements. In summary, based on the first clamping arm's rotational mounting on the first turntable and the first limiting frame's limitation on the first clamping arm, the cylindrical material does not tilt in the Z-axis during loading and unloading, saving Z-axis space. Maintaining X-axis movement ensures stable movement of the cylindrical material, reducing errors during loading and thus guaranteeing processing accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some exemplary embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without any creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of a five-axis CNC machining center according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram from a second perspective in the embodiment; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram from a third-view perspective in the embodiment; Figure 4 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of some components such as the first turntable, the second turntable, and the main turntable in the embodiment (processing cylindrical materials). Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a five-axis CNC machining center according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the state of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate at the material changing station in the embodiment; Figure 8 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second clamping plate and the driving component in the embodiment; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first turntable and the main turntable of the present invention (the second turntable has the same structure as the first turntable). Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the first turntable and the arc-shaped support part of the present invention (the same applies to the second turntable).

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Machine tool; 101. Material changing station; 102. Machining station; 103. Arc-shaped bearing part; 104. Connecting protrusion; 2. First turntable; 201. First slider; 202. Turntable groove; 3. Cylindrical material; 4. First clamping arm; 401. First cylindrical clamping part; 5. First limiting frame; 501. First frame opening; 6. Main turntable; 601. First through hole; 602. Second through hole; 7. Second turntable; 701. Second slider; 8. Second clamping arm; 801. Second cylindrical clamping part; 9. Second limiting frame. Frame; 901, Second frame opening; 10, Material changing position; 11, Fixed position; 12, First clamping plate; 1201, First slide rail; 13, Drive assembly; 1301, First drive motor; 1302, Slide; 1303, First base; 1304, Second base; 1305, Lead screw; 1306, Second drive motor; 15, Second clamping plate; 1501, Second slide rail; 16, First base; 17, Second base; 18, Third base; 19, Processing device; 20, Tightening bolt; 21, Linear drive component. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it.

[0020] To keep the drawings concise, each drawing only schematically shows the parts relevant to the invention; these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some drawings, only one of components with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."

[0021] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0023] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0024] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] like Figures 1-10As shown, it illustrates a five-axis CNC machining center according to one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, machine tool 1 is divided into X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, which are three of the five axes. The machining device 19 is rotatably mounted on the third base 18. The rotation axis of the machining device 19 is parallel to the Y-axis, and the rotation axis of the machining device 19 is one of the five axes. Figure 3 As shown by B in the diagram, B indicates the direction of rotation, and the axis of rotation in this direction is one of the five axes. For example... Figure 4 As shown, machine tool 1 includes a material changing station 101 and a machining station 102, wherein the machining station 102 and the material changing station 101 are adjacent along the X-direction. The material changing station 101 is used for material changing, and the machining station 102 is used for material processing. A first rotary table 2 is rotatably mounted on machine tool 1 and located at the material changing station 101 of machine tool 1. The rotation axis of the first rotary table 2 is parallel to the Y-direction. Figure 10 As shown, below the first turntable 2 is an arc-shaped support part 103 on the machine tool 1, which is used to support the first turntable 2 and provide a rotation base for the first turntable 2. A turntable groove 202 is provided on the outer periphery of the first turntable 2, and a corresponding connecting protrusion 104 is provided on the arc-shaped support part 103 to provide support and axial direction limiting. There are many other ways to rotate the first turntable 2 and the arc-shaped support part 103. This solution only provides a connection reference and does not limit it.

[0026] The rotation drive method of the first turntable 2 is as follows: the first turntable 2 is provided with a first slider 201, and the first clamping plate 12 is provided with a first slide groove 1201 for the first slider 201 to slide. The first clamping plate 12 can be driven to rotate by the first drive motor 1301. The first turntable 2 is further driven to rotate by the sliding cooperation of the first slider 201 and the first slide groove 1201. The rotation drive method of the second turntable 7 is the same as that of the first turntable 2. The second turntable 7 is provided with a second slider 701, and the second clamping plate 15 is provided with a second slide groove 1501 for the second slider 701 to slide. The second clamping plate 15 can be driven to rotate by the second first drive motor 1301. The second turntable 7 is further driven to rotate by the sliding cooperation of the second slider 701 and the second slide groove 1501.

[0027] The first clamping arm 4 is rotatably mounted on the first turntable 2. The rotation axis of the first clamping arm 4 is parallel to the Y direction, and the rotation axis of the first clamping arm 4 is eccentrically arranged relative to the rotation axis of the first turntable 2. This allows the first turntable 2 to drive the first clamping arm 4 to perform compound movement in the X and Z directions when it rotates. The movement in the X direction allows the cylindrical material 3 to extend into the processing station 102, and the movement in the Z direction can increase the processing height of the cylindrical material 3.

[0028] Specifically, such as Figure 4As shown, the cylindrical shaft of the first cylindrical clamping part 401 is always parallel to the X direction. The operator inserts the cylindrical material 3 into the first cylindrical clamping part 401 of the first clamping arm 4 at the material changing station 101. In this solution, a tightening bolt 20 is provided on the first cylindrical clamping part 401. The end of the cylindrical material 3 is tightened by turning the tightening bolt 20. In addition, there are many other fixing methods. For example, the inside of the first cylindrical clamping part 401 can be designed with an elastic pad or an adjustable clamping mechanism (such as a clamp) to adapt to cylindrical materials 3 of different diameters and enhance clamping stability. The clamping structure is not limited here.

[0029] The first limiting frame 5 is raised and lowered on the machine tool 1 via a Z-guide rail. The first clamping arm 4 extends through the first frame opening 501 of the first limiting frame 5. The inner wall of the first frame opening 501 abuts against the upper and lower side walls of the first clamping arm 4. This allows the first limiting frame 5 to follow the first clamping arm 4 in the Z-direction movement when the first turntable 2 rotates, thus maintaining the clamping and limiting of the first clamping arm 4. This ensures that the cylindrical shaft of the first cylindrical clamping part 401 remains parallel to the X-direction during the rotation of the first turntable 2. Structurally, the horizontal length of the first frame opening 501 is greater than or equal to the horizontal distance between the first clamping arm 4 at the material changing position 10 and the fixed position 11 to accommodate the horizontal movement of the first clamping arm 4.

[0030] If the first clamping arm 4 is fixedly mounted on the first turntable 2 instead of rotating, and there is no first limiting frame 5, the movement trajectory of the cylindrical material 3 will be fan-shaped as the first turntable 2 rotates. If the cylindrical material 3 moves in a fan shape, its position and angle will constantly change with the rotation of the turntable during the process of moving from the material changing station 101 to the processing station 102. Each positioning requires recalibration, which can easily lead to large positioning errors. However, by maintaining horizontal movement, the position and posture of the cylindrical material 3 are relatively stable during the loading and unloading process, and the positioning when entering the processing station 102 is more accurate. This reduces processing errors caused by inaccurate positioning, improves the dimensional and shape accuracy of the product, reduces product quality fluctuations, and meets the requirements of high-precision, mass production.

[0031] In summary, based on the two features of the first clamping arm 4 being rotatably mounted on the first turntable 2 and the first limiting frame 5 limiting the first clamping arm 4, the cylindrical material 3 will not tilt in the Z direction as the first turntable 2 rotates during the loading and unloading process, saving Z-direction space, keeping the cylindrical material 3 stable during the movement process, reducing the error generated during the loading process, and thus ensuring processing accuracy.

[0032] Meanwhile, workers do not need to move frequently between processing station 102 and material changing station 101. They can complete the clamping, fixing and position adjustment of materials at material changing station 101. The operation process is simplified, reducing operation time and physical consumption, and improving work efficiency.

[0033] In some examples, the main turntable 6 is rotatably mounted on the machine tool 1, with its axis of rotation parallel to the X-axis, which is the line connecting the material changing station 101 and the processing station 102. The main turntable 6 has an eccentrically arranged first through hole 601. When the main turntable 6 rotates, the first through hole 601 undergoes circular motion, which can be decomposed into Y and Z directions. The first through hole 601 is coaxial with the first cylindrical clamping part 401, providing a channel for the cylindrical material 3 to enter the processing station 102 from the material changing station 101. The main turntable 6 is driven by an independent motor, and its rotation angle is controlled by the motor to adjust the position of the first through hole 601. In this scheme, as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the drive of the main turntable 6 includes two meshing helical gears and a motor. The two meshing helical gears are used to change the transmission direction, freeing up the space of the material changing station 101 for material replacement, thus improving space utilization.

[0034] The first clamping arm 4 is rotatably mounted on the first turntable 2, with its axis of rotation parallel to the Y-axis and eccentrically arranged relative to the axis of rotation of the first turntable 2. The first clamping arm 4 is designed as a telescopic structure to accommodate the Y-axis position change of the first through hole 601 when the main turntable 6 rotates. When clamping materials, the main turntable 6 and the first turntable 2 are rotated to align the first cylindrical clamping part 401 coaxially with the first through hole 601. The operator first inserts the cylindrical material 3 into the first cylindrical clamping part 401, and then continues to push the cylindrical material 3 to pass through the first through hole 601, achieving coordinated clamping of the first through hole 601 and the first cylindrical clamping part 401, improving the stability of the cylindrical material 3. As the main turntable 6 rotates, the Y-axis position of the first through hole 601 moves. The first clamping arm 4 extends and retracts to keep the first cylindrical clamping part 401 and the first through hole 601 always coaxial, ensuring that the cylindrical material 3 can smoothly pass through the first through hole 601 and enter the processing station 102. This ensures the positional accuracy of the cylindrical material 3 during the transfer from the material changing station 101 to the processing station 102, avoiding positional shifts in the material during processing due to coaxiality deviations, thereby improving processing accuracy and making the processed product more precise in size and shape, which better meets the design requirements.

[0035] Furthermore, the first through hole 601 and the first cylindrical clamping part 401 work together to support the cylindrical material 3, forming a multi-point support structure. Compared to clamping by the first cylindrical clamping part 401 alone, this collaborative clamping method provides support at more locations on the material, effectively preventing the material from shaking or shifting during clamping and processing, and greatly improving the stability of the cylindrical material 3 before and during processing.

[0036] In some examples, the second turntable 7 is rotatably mounted on the material changing station 101 of the machine tool 1, positioned on either side of the main turntable 6, separate from the first turntable 2. One end of the second clamping arm 8 is rotatably mounted on the second turntable 7 and eccentrically arranged relative to the axis of rotation of the second turntable 7. This allows the second clamping arm 8 to perform eccentric circular motion within the material changing station 101 when the second turntable 7 rotates, thereby generating X-axis movement closer to the processing station 102, preparing for the clamping of materials and their transfer to the processing station 102. The second cylindrical clamping part 801 on the second clamping arm 8 is used to clamp one end of the cylindrical material 3. The second clamping arm 8 is a telescopic structure. When the main turntable 6 rotates, causing the second through hole 602 to change position in the Y direction, it can maintain the second cylindrical clamping part 801 and the second through hole 602 coaxially by telescoping, ensuring that the material can subsequently pass smoothly through the second through hole 602 into the processing station 102. The working principle of the second limiting frame 9 on the second clamping arm 8 is the same as that of the first limiting frame 5 on the first clamping arm 4. The second limiting frame 9 is raised and lowered on the machine tool 1 via a Z-guide rail. The second clamping arm 8 extends through the second frame opening 901 of the second limiting frame 9. The inner wall of the second frame opening 901 abuts against the upper and lower side walls of the second clamping arm 8. This allows the second limiting frame 9 to follow the second clamping arm 8 in the Z-direction movement when the second turntable 7 rotates and drives the second clamping arm 8 to move in a combined X and Z direction, thus maintaining the clamping and limiting of the second clamping arm 8. This ensures that the cylindrical shaft of the second cylindrical clamping part 801 remains parallel to the X direction during the rotation of the second turntable 7. Structurally, the horizontal length of the second frame opening 901 must be greater than or equal to the horizontal distance between the second clamping arm 8 at the material changing position 10 and the fixed position 11 to accommodate the horizontal movement of the second clamping arm 8.

[0037] It is important to note that, Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, the rotation of the first turntable 2 is driven by the first drive motor 1301 and the first clamping plate 12. In this embodiment, it is necessary to adjust the consistency between the first drive motor 1301 and the drive motor of the main turntable 6. In addition, there is another embodiment in which the first drive motor 1301 is not used to drive the rotation, and both the first turntable 2 and the second turntable 7 rotate passively under the active rotation of the main turntable 6.

[0038] The specific working method of the embodiment without using the first drive motor 1301 is as follows: during the initial processing, the motor is started to drive the main turntable 6 to rotate so that the first through hole 601 is aligned with the first cylindrical clamping part 401. The first cylindrical material 3 is first inserted into the first cylindrical clamping part 401. After passing through the first cylindrical clamping part 401, the first cylindrical material 3 is pushed to pass into the first through hole 601. The top tightening bolt 20 is rotated to fix the first cylindrical material 3. Note that at this time, the second cylindrical clamping part 801 and the second through hole 602 are not coaxial. Furthermore, rotating the main turntable 6 clockwise will cause the first through hole 601 to move accordingly, indirectly driving the first turntable 2 to rotate through the first cylindrical clamping part 401, until it rotates to the desired position. Figure 5 The position shown is the processing position of the cylindrical material 3. At this time, the position of the first clamping arm 4 is the fixed position 11 of the first turntable 2. At this time, the second cylindrical clamping part 801 is coaxial with and connected to the second through hole 602. The position of the second clamping arm 8 is the material changing position 10 of the second turntable 7. The worker continues to pass the second cylindrical material 3 through the second cylindrical clamping part 801 and then into the second through hole 602. The worker rotates the tightening bolt 20 to fix the second cylindrical material 3, which is then used as the material to be processed.

[0039] After the first cylindrical material 3 is processed, the main turntable 6 is driven to rotate counterclockwise, and the first turntable 2 rotates accordingly, causing the first clamping arm 4 to return to the material changing position 10 of the first turntable 2. At the same time, since the second cylindrical material 3 is connected to the main turntable 6 and the second cylindrical clamping part 801, the second turntable 7 will also rotate accordingly. As the second turntable 7 rotates, the second cylindrical clamping part 801, the second through hole 602, and the second cylindrical material 3 will actively move to... Figure 5 At position 3 of the first cylindrical material, processing is carried out, and this cycle is repeated to achieve alternating loading and unloading.

[0040] It is important to note that, such as Figure 9As shown, the angle between the line connecting the material changing position 10 and the center of the first turntable 2 and the line connecting the fixed position 11 and the center of the first turntable 2 is α, where α ≤ 90°. The angle between the first through hole 601 and the second through hole 602 is β, where β = α. The purpose of this arrangement is that when the first turntable 2 and the second turntable 7 rotate, the movement directions of the first cylindrical clamping part 401 and the second cylindrical clamping part 801 are in the same direction. That is, during the process of the first cylindrical clamping part 401 moving from the material changing position 10 to the fixed position 11, the movement of the first cylindrical clamping part 401 parallel to the X direction keeps it close to the processing position 102, and the movement of the first cylindrical clamping part 401 parallel to the Z direction is always upward. If α > 90°, there will be reciprocating movement in the Z direction, which will prevent the equipment from operating normally. The included angle between the first through hole 601 and the second through hole 602 is 'b'. This angle is equal to the included angle 'a' between the material changing position 10 and the fixed position 11 on the first and second turntables 7. This ensures that during the rotation of the turntable, the cylindrical clamping parts corresponding to the first clamping arm 4 and the second clamping arm 8 can be coaxially aligned with the first through hole 601 and the second through hole 602 on the main turntable 6. This reduces material position offset caused by alignment deviation and improves processing accuracy.

[0041] The specific working method of the embodiment using the first drive motor 1301 is as follows: on the basis of the above, the first drive motor 1301 is added, and the first drive motor 1301 is adjusted to maintain the motion consistency with the drive motor of the main turntable 6.

[0042] In summary, while processing the first material, the clamping of the second material can be prepared simultaneously, reducing the waiting time of machine tool 1 during the loading and unloading process. After the first material is processed, the second material can be quickly sent to processing station 102, achieving a close connection between the processing processes, improving the utilization rate of machine tool 1, shortening the overall processing cycle, and increasing the processing output per unit time.

[0043] Reference Figures 6-7 This illustrates a five-axis CNC machining center according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the main rotary table 6, the first rotary table 2, the second rotary table 7, the first limiting frame 5, and the second limiting frame 9 are all detachably mounted on the machine tool 1. Correspondingly, the drive component of the main rotary table 6 can also be detached. In this scheme, such as... Figure 7 As shown, only the drive assembly 13, the first clamping plate 12, the second clamping plate 15, and the linear drive component 21 are retained, as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the second drive motor 1306 drives the lead screw 1305 to rotate, which in turn drives the slide 1302 to move between the material changing station 101 and the processing station 102. For ease of and clear illustration, in Figure 5 In the diagram, the thread structure of lead screw 1305 is not shown.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 7As shown, the initial positions of the first clamping plate 12 and the second clamping plate 15 are shown. A rectangular material can be placed between the first clamping plate 12 and the second clamping plate 15. Then, the linear drive 21 is activated to drive the second seat 1304 to move along the Y direction, so that the second clamping plate 15 moves closer to the first clamping plate 12 to clamp the rectangular material. After clamping is completed, the second drive motor 1306 is activated to drive the first seat 1303 and the other slide 1302 to move towards the processing station 102, moving to the position shown. Figure 6 At the indicated position, rectangular materials are processed. At this time, the two first drive motors 1301 can respectively drive the first clamping plate 12 and the second clamping plate 15 to rotate, adjusting the angle of the rectangular material and expanding the processing coverage. The rotation axis of the first clamping plate 12 and the second clamping plate 15 is one of the five axes, represented by A (not shown in the diagram). After processing, the second drive motor 1306 can be started, driving the lead screw 1305 to reverse, causing the two slides 1302 to move to the material changing station 101, unloading the processed rectangular material. This structural design allows the machining center to process not only cylindrical materials 3 but also rectangular materials, greatly expanding the applicability of the machining center, meeting the processing needs of workpieces of different shapes, and improving the versatility and utilization rate of the equipment.

[0045] In some examples, a first base 16 is movably mounted on the machine tool 1 along the X-axis. A second base 17 is movably mounted on the first base 16 along the Y-axis. The upper surface of the first base 16 also has Y-guide rails and a corresponding drive mechanism. The second base 17 cooperates with these Y-guide rails and, driven by the drive mechanism, can move linearly in the Y-direction. Because the first base 16 can move in the X-direction, the second base 17, while possessing Y-direction movement capability, can also follow the first base 16 in the X-direction, achieving two-dimensional position adjustment in the XY plane.

[0046] The third base 18 is movably mounted on the second base 17 along the Z-axis. The second base 17 is equipped with a Z-axis guide rail and a drive device, and the third base 18 is connected to the Z-axis guide rail. Under the action of the drive device, the third base 18 can move along the Z-axis guide rail in the vertical direction (height direction). Combined with the X-axis movement of the first base 16 and the Y-axis movement of the second base 17, the third base 18 can achieve position adjustment in the XYZ three-dimensional space.

[0047] The machining device 19 is rotatably mounted on the third base 18. The third base 18 provides a mounting foundation for the machining device 19, which is connected to the third base 18 via a rotating mechanism (such as a rotary table, a rotary shaft, etc.). This rotating mechanism allows the machining device 19 to rotate about an axis parallel to the Y direction, thereby changing the machining angle of the machining device 19. Combined with the movement of the three bases, the machining device 19 can reach different positions in three-dimensional space and machine the workpiece at different angles.

[0048] By moving along the X, Y, and Z directions via the first base 16, the second base 17, and the third base 18 respectively, the machining device 19 can be positioned in three-dimensional space. The position of the machining device 19 can be quickly adjusted according to the shape of the workpiece and the machining requirements, ensuring that the cutting tool can accurately contact all parts of the workpiece for machining, thereby improving machining accuracy and efficiency.

[0049] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A five-axis CNC machining center for machining cylindrical materials (3), characterized in that, include: Machine tool (1), the machine tool (1) having a material changing station (101) and a machining station (102); The first turntable (2) is rotatably mounted on the machine tool (1) and located at the material changing station (101); The first clamping arm (4) has one end rotatably mounted on the first turntable (2) and is eccentrically arranged relative to the rotation axis of the first turntable (2). The first clamping arm (4) has a first cylindrical clamping part (401) extending away from the first turntable (2) and used to clamp the cylindrical material (3). The first clamping arm (4) can approach the processing station (102) under the rotation of the first turntable (2). The first limiting frame (5) is raised and lowered on the machine tool (1) and located at the material changing station (101). The first limiting frame (5) has a first frame opening (501) that extends horizontally to allow the first clamping arm (4) to pass through. The inner wall of the first frame opening (501) is used to abut against the two sides of the first clamping arm (4) respectively to restrict the first clamping arm (4) from rotating around its main axis and to keep the cylindrical material (3) in the first cylindrical clamping part (401) facing the processing station (102).

2. A five-axis CNC machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The line connecting the material changing station (101) and the machining station (102) in the machine tool (1) is defined as the X-direction, the vertical direction of the machine tool (1) is defined as the Z-direction, and the direction perpendicular to X and Z is defined as the Y-direction. The five-axis CNC machining center further includes: Main turntable (6), the main turntable (6) is rotatably mounted on the machine tool (1), the rotation axis of the main turntable (6) is parallel to the X direction, the main turntable (6) has an eccentrically arranged first through hole (601), the main turntable (6) can rotate until the first through hole (601) is coaxial with the first cylindrical clamping part (401), so that the cylindrical material (3) clamped by the first cylindrical clamping part (401) can pass through the first through hole (601) and extend to the processing station (102); The first clamping arm (4) is a telescopic structure. When the main turntable (6) rotates, the first cylindrical clamping part (401) can remain coaxial with the first through hole (601).

3. A five-axis CNC machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The second turntable (7) is rotatably mounted on the machine tool (1) and is coaxially mounted with the first turntable (2). The second turntable (7) and the first turntable (2) are located on opposite sides of the main turntable (6). The second clamping arm (8) is rotatably mounted on the second turntable (7) at one end, and is eccentrically arranged relative to the rotation axis of the second turntable (7). The second clamping arm (8) has a second cylindrical clamping part (801) extending away from the second turntable (7) and used to clamp another cylindrical material (3). The second clamping arm (8) can approach the processing station (102) under the rotation drive of the second turntable (7). The second limiting frame (9) is raised and lowered on the machine tool (1) and located at the material changing station (101). The second limiting frame (9) has a second frame opening (901) that extends horizontally to allow the second clamping arm (8) to pass through. The inner wall of the second frame opening (901) is used to abut against the two sides of the second clamping arm (8) to restrict the second clamping arm (8) from rotating about its main axis and to keep the cylindrical material (3) in the second cylindrical clamping part (801) facing the processing station (102).

4. A five-axis CNC machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main turntable (6) also has an eccentrically arranged second through hole (602). The main turntable (6) can rotate until the second through hole (602) is coaxial with the second cylindrical clamping part (801), so that the cylindrical material (3) clamped by the second cylindrical clamping part (801) can pass through the second through hole (602) and extend to the processing station (102). The second clamping arm (8) is a telescopic structure. When the main turntable (6) rotates, the second cylindrical clamping part (801) and the second through hole (602) remain coaxial.

5. A five-axis CNC machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the first turntable (2) and the second turntable (7) have a fixed position (11) near the side of the main turntable (6) and a material changing position (10) circumferentially spaced from the fixed position (11). The first clamping arm (4) moves between the material changing position (10) and the fixed position (11) of the first turntable (2), and the second clamping arm (8) moves between the material changing position (10) and the fixed position (11) of the second turntable (7). The fixed position (11) is closer to the processing station (102) than the material changing position (10). The angle between the line connecting the material changing position (10) and the center of the first turntable (2) and the line connecting the fixed position (11) and the center of the first turntable (2) is a, where a ≤ 90°. The angle between the first through hole (601) and the second through hole (602) is b, where b = a.

6. A five-axis CNC machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first turntable (2) has a first slider (201) on the side opposite to the first clamping arm (4), and the second turntable (7) has a second slider (701) on the side opposite to the second clamping arm (8); the five-axis CNC machining center further includes: The first clamping plate (12) is rotatably mounted on the machine tool (1) and has a first slide groove (1201) for the first slider (201) to slide. The second clamping plate (15) is rotatably mounted on the machine tool (1) and has a second slide groove (1501) for the second slider (701) to slide.

7. A five-axis CNC machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main turntable (6), the first turntable (2), the second turntable (7), the first limiting frame (5), and the second limiting frame (9) are all detachably mounted on the machine tool (1); The first slide groove (1201) is provided radially through the first clamping plate (12); the second slide groove (1501) is provided radially through the second clamping plate (15); The first clamping plate (12) is movably disposed on the machine tool (1) along the X direction. When the first slide (1201) is parallel to the X direction, the first clamping plate (12) can move between the processing station (102) and the material changing station (101). The second clamping plate (15) is movably disposed on the machine tool (1) along the X direction. When the second slide (1501) is parallel to the X direction, the second clamping plate (15) can move between the processing station (102) and the material changing station (101). The second clamping plate (15) is used to cooperate with the first clamping plate (12) to clamp the two sides of the rectangular piece.

8. A five-axis CNC machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a drive assembly (13) for driving the first clamping plate (12) and the second clamping plate (15) to rotate and move respectively, the drive assembly (13) comprising: The first drive motor (1301) is movably mounted on the machine tool (1). The two first drive motors (1301) are used to drive the first clamping plate (12) and the second clamping plate (15) to rotate respectively. A slide (1302) is movably mounted on the machine tool (1) along the X direction and is used to support the first drive motor (1301); A lead screw (1305) is rotatably mounted on the machine tool (1) and threadedly connected to the slide (1302); The second drive motor (1306) is mounted on the machine tool (1) and is used to drive the lead screw (1305) to rotate.

9. A five-axis CNC machining center according to claim 8, characterized in that, One of the slides (1302) is divided into a first seat (1303) and a second seat (1304). The first seat (1303) is movably mounted on the machine tool (1) along the X direction, and the second seat (1304) is movably mounted on the first seat (1303) along the Y direction. The second seat (1304) is used to support the first drive motor (1301). The five-axis CNC machining center also includes: A linear drive (21) is movably mounted on the machine tool (1) along the X direction, and its drive end is connected to the second base (1304) for driving the second base (1304) to move.

10. A five-axis CNC machining center according to claim 9, characterized in that, The machine tool (1) is divided into X and Y directions in the horizontal direction, and the machine tool (1) is divided into Z directions in the vertical direction. It also includes: A first base (16) is movably mounted on the machine tool (1) along the X direction; The second base (17) is movably disposed on the first base (16) along the Y direction and can move with the first base (16); The third base (18) is movably disposed on the second base (17) along the Z direction and can move with the second base (17); A processing device (19) is used to process workpieces and is rotatably mounted on the third base (18). The axis of rotation of the processing device (19) is parallel to the Y direction and can move with the third base (18).

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