Seabed-based observation system convenient to maintain and recycling and laying method

Abstract

The invention relates to a seabed-based observation system convenient to maintain and a recycling and laying method. The seabed-based observation system comprises an underwater base fixedly arranged on the seabed, an observation platform detachably arranged on the underwater base and a floating communication buoy. The observation platform is fixedly or separably provided with a buoyancy assembly. A fixed pulley block bypassing the Dyneema cable at the corresponding position is arranged on the underwater base; the communication buoys are connected with the observation platform through corresponding auxiliary pull ropes; the communication buoy is provided with a communication device used for being in communication connection with a base station. The device is reasonable in design, compact in structure and convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an easy-to-maintain seabed-based observation system and a method for its recovery and deployment. Background Technology

[0002] To conduct hydrological observations and acquire seabed information, current technologies utilize seabed-based observation stations. However, existing seabed observation stations (systems, modules) that can collect seabed data are generally disposable or recyclable. Disposable stations lead to seabed pollution and are prohibitively expensive. Recyclable stations may present problems such as tilting or even capsizing due to ocean currents, crustal movement, or other factors.

[0003] The urgent technical challenges include how to utilize underwater observation platforms for fixed-point, long-term, and continuous observation of ocean observation parameters; how to use surface communication buoys for real-time data transmission; how to use underwater pulley mechanisms for easy and reliable retrieval and deployment of underwater observation platforms during regular system maintenance; and how to solve new technical problems that arise during the research and development process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is, in general, to provide a seabed-based observation system that is easy to maintain and a method for its recovery and deployment.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] To achieve reusable seabed observation, an easy-to-maintain seabed-based observation system includes an underwater base fixed on the seabed, an observation platform detachably mounted on the underwater base, and a floating communication buoy.

[0007] The observation platform is equipped with a buoyancy component, either fixedly or detachably.

[0008] A set of fixed pulleys is installed on the underwater base to bypass the Dyneema cable at the corresponding position;

[0009] The communication buoy is connected to the observation platform via a corresponding auxiliary rope.

[0010] The communication buoy is equipped with communication devices for communicating with the base station.

[0011] The communication buoy is equipped with a power supply unit and a controller that is electrically connected to the communication device.

[0012] The observation platform is equipped with an electrical connection sensor unit and a data acquisition unit;

[0013] The data acquisition unit and the controller are electrically connected via a communication cable.

[0014] To achieve circuit control, a wireless communication module is further adopted as the communication device;

[0015] The wireless communication module includes an infrared module and a BeiDou module; the base station is set up on the survey vessel or on shore.

[0016] The power supply section includes photovoltaic power sources or batteries for providing power.

[0017] The observation platform is equipped with a battery compartment.

[0018] The battery compartment uses a storage battery or is connected to the power supply unit via a power cable.

[0019] To achieve base stability and self-balancing, the underwater base further includes several base openings and angle sensors or gyroscope sensors.

[0020] The underwater base has base legs at at least at all four corners;

[0021] The base outriggers include outrigger threaded sleeves that are fixedly installed at the four corners of the underwater base;

[0022] A threaded rod is provided inside the threaded sleeve of the outrigger;

[0023] A hexagonal support leg is provided at the top of the threaded rod;

[0024] The outriggers with hexagonal engagement are used for securing underwater robots or manual personnel on observation vessels.

[0025] An external thread is provided in the middle of the threaded rod to connect with the threaded sleeve of the support leg.

[0026] An upward-facing flower taper sleeve and a downward-facing flower taper sleeve are respectively provided at the lower part of the external thread of the threaded rod; a support leg screw head is provided below the downward-facing flower taper sleeve;

[0027] To reduce the wrap angle, achieve smooth traction, and ensure balanced angle adjustment in each direction, the fixed pulley group consists of two or more fixed pulleys that wrap around the same Dyneema cable and are arranged linearly.

[0028] The fixed pulley blocks are arranged facing the positive and negative horizontal directions and the positive and negative vertical directions, respectively;

[0029] To reduce the wrap angle, one or two fixed pulley sets are used in each direction;

[0030] One Dyneema cable is paired with one fixed pulley system.

[0031] Furthermore, in order to achieve the connection, locking connection lugs corresponding to the fixed pulley system are provided around the observation platform;

[0032] A Dyneema cable connects to a locking connection earring;

[0033] To achieve locking and fixation, a locking device is installed on the observation platform;

[0034] The locking device includes one of two options;

[0035] Option 1: The locking device includes a locking rotary motor and an elbow connected to the locking rotary motor;

[0036] After the elbow enters the corresponding base hollow and rotates 90 degrees, it locks the underwater base.

[0037] Option 2: The locking device includes a locking T-bolt that passes through the corresponding base cutout;

[0038] A locking washer is fitted on the locking screw of the locking T-bolt and presses against the hollow upper surface of the base; a locking back nut is provided on the locking screw and presses against the locking washer.

[0039] The upper part of the locking screw protrudes from the locking back nut;

[0040] A locking support frame is installed on the observation platform;

[0041] A meshing gear shaft with a locking thick gear at the lower end is provided on the locking support frame;

[0042] The gear shaft head at the upper end of the meshing gear shaft is used to connect the gear sleeve, which serves as the power input.

[0043] An intermediate support shaft is provided on the locking support frame;

[0044] A locking pinion that slides up and down on the intermediate support shaft and meshes with a locking thick gear;

[0045] A locking intermediate sleeve is provided below the locking pinion;

[0046] A locking thick nut sleeve is connected to the lower end of the locking intermediate sleeve;

[0047] A shoulder is provided on the intermediate support shaft to limit the travel of the locking pinion;

[0048] The internal thread of the locking nut sleeve is used to match the external thread on the upper part of the locking screw;

[0049] A locking upper spring is provided between the locking support frame and the locking thick gear;

[0050] A locking iron block is installed on the upper surface of the observation platform, located on one side of the locking support frame.

[0051] To keep the base clean, several cleaning wind turbines were installed on the observation platform.

[0052] There are several positioning keys with locking slots on the bottom surface of the observation platform;

[0053] To facilitate automatic positioning, the slot body sits on the hollow base and the side of the positioning key body makes positioning contact with the inner wall of the hollow base.

[0054] Furthermore, the locking device includes locking the underwater robotic arm or manual locking;

[0055] To facilitate better locking or unlocking, when using a locking underwater robot, the locking underwater robot includes a robot frame; a locking electromagnetic suction seat is provided under the robot frame to attract and lock the iron block;

[0056] The robotic arm frame is equipped with a rotating locking drive head and a locking push rod with a locking pressure push rod at the lower end;

[0057] The lower locking rod has a rotating steel ball at its bottom;

[0058] Rotating steel balls are used to roll and lock the upper surface of the pinion.

[0059] Furthermore, the buoyancy component has a floating body process opening slot;

[0060] The observation platform has a lower fixed base, to which a traction rope is connected, and several small-end-facing conical elastic pads are set on the traction rope.

[0061] The buoyancy component has a process through-hole through which the traction rope body passes;

[0062] The inner diameter of the process through-hole is between the outer diameter of the large end and the outer diameter of the small end of the tapered elastic pad;

[0063] A process tapered sleeve adapted to the tapered elastic pad is provided at the upper end of the process through hole section;

[0064] A tensioner is located above the observation platform on the upper part of the traction rope component;

[0065] A connecting lug is provided at the top of the towing rope component, which connects to the lower end of the communication buoy.

[0066] The process through-hole is used to pass through the communication buoy that connects the communication cable and the auxiliary pull rope.

[0067] Furthermore, a counterweight is provided at the bottom of the buoyancy component;

[0068] An auxiliary pull rope is installed at the bottom of the buoyancy component;

[0069] The auxiliary pull rope uses Dyneema cable;

[0070] Lower push rod A and lower push rod B are respectively installed in the lower part of the buoyancy assembly;

[0071] Lower push rod A and lower push rod B are used to intermittently press down the buoyancy assembly;

[0072] Location and depth markers are installed on the Dyneema cable;

[0073] The observation platform is equipped with a tilt angle sensor.

[0074] A seabed-based observation and recovery deployment method that is easy to maintain, utilizing the system described above; the deployment and recovery method includes the following steps;

[0075] Step 1: Disconnect the communication cable from the communication buoy, unlock the locking device, and separate the observation platform from the underwater base. By shortening the Dyneema cable connected to the communication buoy, the observation platform is retrieved to the deck of the maintenance vessel for maintenance.

[0076] Step two: After maintenance is completed, the observation platform is placed in the sea, and the communication buoy is connected to the communication cable and the corresponding Dyneema cable. By adjusting the length of each Dyneema cable, the observation platform is lowered onto the underwater base and positioned, and then the positioning installation is completed and locked.

[0077] The end of the communication buoy is waterproofed.

[0078] When the underwater base tilts, the underwater manipulator sinks to the seabed, and the position is observed through a camera. Then, the hexagonal sleeve of the underwater manipulator is put onto the hexagonal engagement of the outriggers for lifting and lowering adjustment, so that the underwater base is level again.

[0079] When the locking device of Option 2 is used, during the locking process, the underwater locking robot observes through a camera. The locking drive head is fitted onto the meshing gear shaft, and the locking iron block is attracted and fixed by the locking electromagnetic suction seat. At the same time, the locking push rod drives the locking push rod to descend, and the rotating steel ball rolls and contacts the upper surface of the locking pinion, so that the internal thread of the locking thick nut sleeve matches the external thread on the upper part of the locking screw.

[0080] The locking drive head rotates, which drives the meshing gear shaft and the locking thick gear, and drives the locking small gear to drive the locking thick nut to rotate and tighten on the locking screw.

[0081] When tightening or loosening is required, the locking drive head rotates in the opposite direction. At the same time, the locking push rod drives the locking push rod to rise, and the rotating steel ball rolls and separates from the upper surface of the locking pinion.

[0082] When aquatic plants or silt accumulate, they are cleaned by cleaning the wind turbine;

[0083] During the positioning and installation process

[0084] The observation platform was raised by pulling Dyneema cables in four directions using a fixed pulley system, causing it to sink into the sea.

[0085] Based on the length direction of the Dyneema cable in four directions, adjust the position of the Dyneema cable to descend to the preset position so that the locking groove and the positioning key are positioned.

[0086] Meanwhile, the earring part floats on the water surface;

[0087] During the ascent of the observation platform;

[0088] The connection between the Dyneema cable and the communication buoy is released, and the buoyancy component is inflated. The tensioner is tightened, and at the same time, the lower push rods A and B intermittently press down on the buoyancy component, causing the conical elastic pad to pass through the process through-hole and achieve unidirectional support through the process conical sleeve, thereby pressing the buoyancy component into the seawater and reducing the weight of the observation platform. The lower push rods A and B retract into the water surface, and when the buoyancy component rises to the sea surface, the lower push rods A and B extend again.

[0089] This section provides a brief overview, details the specific technical problems addressed, and the beneficial effects, which are then explained in detail with reference to the embodiments.

[0090] This invention discloses an easy-to-maintain, adjustable seabed-based observation system and its deployment and recovery method. The system utilizes an underwater observation platform for fixed-point, long-term, and continuous observation of ocean parameters, and uses surface communication buoys for real-time data transmission. During periodic maintenance, the underwater observation platform is easily and reliably retrieved and deployed using an underwater pulley mechanism. This invention is rationally designed, low-cost, robust, durable, safe, reliable, simple to operate, time-saving, labor-saving, cost-effective, compact in structure, and easy to use. Attached Figure Description

[0091] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the improved underwater base structure of the present invention.

[0092] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control circuit of the present invention.

[0093] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control flow of the present invention.

[0094] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary improved underwater base structure of the present invention.

[0095] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hollowed-out base structure of the present invention.

[0096] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hexagonal structure of the support leg engagement of the present invention.

[0097] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three improvements to the observation platform of the present invention.

[0098] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the four-fold improved structure of the cleaning impeller of the present invention.

[0099] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the five improvements to the buoyancy component of the present invention.

[0100] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the six improved structures of the communication buoy of the present invention.

[0101] The components include: 1. Underwater base; 2. Communication buoy; 3. Observation platform; 4. Buoyancy assembly; 5. Base hollow; 6. Fixed pulley block; 7. Dyneema cable; 8. Base legs; 9. Locking device; 10. Leg engagement hexagon; 11. Leg threaded sleeve; 12. Downward-facing conical sleeve; 13. Upward-facing conical sleeve; 14. Leg helical head; 15. Locking T-bolt; 16. Locking washer; 17. Locking back nut; 18. Locking screw; 19. Locking connecting lug; 20. Locking pinion; 21. Sensor unit; 22. Data collector unit; 23. Battery compartment; 24. Locking block; 25. Engaging gear shaft; 26. Locking thick gear; 27. Locking support frame. 28. Locking thick nut sleeve; 29. ​​Locking intermediate sleeve; 30. Locking upper spring; 31. Cleaning impeller; 32. Positioning key body; 33. Locking slot body; 34. Locking electromagnetic suction seat; 35. Locking drive head; 36. Locking lower push rod; 37. Locking lower push rod; 38. Float process opening slot; 39. Lower fixed seat body; 40. Pull rope body; 41. Conical elastic pad; 42. Process conical sleeve; 43. Rope tensioner part; 44. Connecting ear ring part; 45. Process through hole part; 46. Counterweight part; 47. Communication cable; 48. Auxiliary pull rope; 49. Lower fixed push rod A; 50. Lower fixed push rod B; 51. Communication device; 52. Power supply part; 53. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0102] like Figure 1-10 A seabed-based observation system that is easy to maintain is characterized by comprising: an underwater base 1 fixedly installed on the seabed, on which conventional components such as guide surfaces can be installed; an observation platform 3 and a floating communication buoy 2 that are detachably installed on the underwater base 1; as the basic components.

[0103] The observation platform 3 is equipped with a buoyancy component 4, which may be fixed or detachable; such as Figure 1 The initial design used a fixed base, which caused the observation platform to rise due to buoyancy. When ocean currents were present, this would cause significant swaying and lift the base upwards. Further improvements adopted a detachable design. When in use, buoyancy propels the platform upwards; when not in use, it is retrieved and sinks to the seabed without buoyancy issues, ensuring stability.

[0104] A fixed pulley group 6 is installed on the underwater base 1, which bypasses the Dyneema cable 7 at the corresponding position; to achieve tensioning for descent or relaxation for ascent.

[0105] The communication buoy 2 is connected to the observation platform 3 via a corresponding auxiliary rope 48 to avoid damage to the communication cable.

[0106] The communication buoy 2 is equipped with a communication device 51 for communicating with the base station; it is a conventional device.

[0107] A power supply unit 52 and a controller 53 electrically connected to the communication device 51 are provided on the communication buoy 2;

[0108] An electrical connection sensor unit 21 and a data acquisition unit 22 are installed on the observation platform 3;

[0109] The data acquisition unit 22 is electrically connected to the controller 53 via a communication cable 47.

[0110] As an improvement and as a basic component, the communication device 51 adopts a wireless communication module;

[0111] The wireless communication module includes an infrared module and a BeiDou module; the base station is set up on the survey vessel or on shore.

[0112] The power supply unit 52 includes a photovoltaic power source or a storage battery for providing power;

[0113] A battery compartment 23 is installed on observation platform 3;

[0114] The battery compartment 23 uses a storage battery or is connected to the power supply unit 52 via a power cable.

[0115] As an improvement, the underwater base 1 has several base openings 5; this reduces resistance and prevents capsizing.

[0116] At least four corners of the underwater base 1 have base legs 8; to achieve tilt adjustment.

[0117] As a preferred structure, the base support leg 8 includes support leg threaded sleeves 11 fixedly disposed at the four corners of the underwater base 1;

[0118] A threaded rod is provided inside the threaded sleeve 11 of the outrigger;

[0119] A hexagonal support leg 10 is provided at the top of the threaded rod;

[0120] The outriggers with hexagonal engagement 10 are used for securing underwater robots or manual personnel on observation vessels.

[0121] An external thread is provided in the middle of the threaded rod to connect with the threaded sleeve 11 of the support leg;

[0122] An upward-facing taper sleeve 13 and a downward-facing taper sleeve 12 are respectively provided on the lower part of the external thread of the threaded rod; a support leg screw head 14 is provided below the downward-facing taper sleeve 12;

[0123] The fixed pulley block 6 consists of two or more fixed pulleys that pass around the same Dyneema cable 7 and are arranged in a linear manner;

[0124] The fixed pulley system 6 is set in the positive and negative lateral directions and the positive and negative longitudinal directions respectively, so as to achieve stable and continuous traction.

[0125] Each direction has one or two fixed pulley sets 6;

[0126] One Dyneema cable 7 is paired with one fixed pulley block 6.

[0127] As an improvement, the observation platform 3 is equipped with locking connection earrings 19 that correspond to the fixed pulley group 6 around its perimeter;

[0128] A Dyneema cable 7 is connected to a locking connection earring 19;

[0129] A locking device 9 is installed on observation platform 3;

[0130] Locking device 9 includes one of two options;

[0131] As a basic scheme, the locking device 9 includes a locking rotary motor and an elbow connected to the locking rotary motor;

[0132] After the elbow enters the corresponding base hollow 5 and rotates 90 degrees, it locks the underwater base 1.

[0133] As a theoretical second protection scheme, the locking device 9 includes a locking T-bolt 15 that passes through the corresponding base cutout 5;

[0134] A locking washer 16 is fitted on the locking screw 18 of the locking T-bolt 15 and pressed against the upper surface of the base cutout 5; a locking back nut 17 is provided on the locking screw 18 and pressed against the locking washer 16; the T-bolt anti-collision bolt rotates.

[0135] The upper part of the locking screw 18 protrudes from the locking back nut 17;

[0136] A locking support frame 27 is installed on the observation platform 3;

[0137] A meshing gear shaft 25 with a locking thick gear 26 at the lower end is provided on the locking support frame 27;

[0138] The gear shaft head at the upper end of the meshing gear shaft 25 is used to connect to the gear sleeve, which serves as the power input.

[0139] An intermediate support shaft is provided on the locking support frame 27;

[0140] The locking pinion 20 slides up and down on the intermediate support shaft and meshes with the locking thick gear 26; the bolt and nut are locked by the thickness difference between the two and the downward pressure.

[0141] A locking intermediate sleeve 29 is provided below the locking pinion 20;

[0142] The lower end of the locking intermediate sleeve 29 is connected to the locking thick nut sleeve 28;

[0143] A shoulder is provided on the intermediate support shaft to limit the travel of the locking pinion 20.

[0144] The internal thread of the locking thick nut sleeve 28 is adapted to match the external thread on the upper part of the locking screw 18;

[0145] A locking upper spring 30 is provided between the locking support frame 27 and the locking thick gear 26 to serve as a buffer.

[0146] A locking block 24 is provided on the upper surface of the observation platform 3, located on one side of the locking support frame 27.

[0147] As an improvement, several cleaning wind turbines 31 are installed on the observation platform 3;

[0148] On the bottom surface of the observation platform 3, there are several positioning keys 32 with slots 33;

[0149] The slot 33 sits on the hollow base 5 and the side of the positioning key 32 is in positioning contact with the inner wall of the hollow base 5.

[0150] As an improvement, the locking device 9 includes locking the underwater robot arm or manual locking;

[0151] When a locking underwater robot is used, the locking underwater robot includes a robot frame; a locking electromagnetic suction seat 34 is provided below the robot frame to attract and lock the iron block 24;

[0152] The robotic arm frame is equipped with a rotating locking drive head 35 and a locking push rod 36 with a locking pressing push rod 37 at the lower end.

[0153] The lower locking rod 36 has a rotating steel ball at its bottom, thereby pressing down on the rotating gear.

[0154] Rotating steel balls are used to roll and lock the upper surface of pinion 20.

[0155] As an improvement, the buoyancy component 4 has a floating body process opening slot 38;

[0156] As a major innovation, its structure is simple. It can be lifted by purchasing a rope tensioner. The process groove facilitates the passage of the line and the rope without being affected. The observation platform 3 has a lower fixed seat 39, and a pulling rope component 40 is connected to the lower fixed seat 39. Several small-end-facing conical elastic pads 41 are set on the pulling rope component 40.

[0157] The buoyancy component 4 has a process through hole 45 through which the traction rope body 40 passes;

[0158] The inner diameter of the process through hole 45 is between the outer diameter of the large end and the outer diameter of the small end of the tapered elastic pad 41;

[0159] A process tapered sleeve 42 adapted to the tapered elastic pad 41 is provided at the upper end of the process through hole 45;

[0160] A tensioner part 43 is provided on the upper part of the traction rope body 40, located above the observation platform 3;

[0161] A connecting lug 44 is provided at the top of the towing rope body 40, which is connected to the lower end of the communication buoy 2;

[0162] The process through-hole 45 is used to pass through the communication buoy 2, which connects the communication cable 47 and the auxiliary pull rope 48.

[0163] To achieve stability, as an improvement, a counterweight 46 is provided at the lower part of the buoyancy component 4;

[0164] An auxiliary pull rope 48 is provided at the lower part of the buoyancy component 4;

[0165] The auxiliary pull rope 48 uses Dyneema cable 7;

[0166] Lower push rods A49 and B50 are respectively provided in the lower part of buoyancy component 4;

[0167] Lower push rod A49 and lower push rod B50 are used to intermittently press down the buoyancy assembly 4;

[0168] To facilitate the measurement data and determine the specific location of the observation station on the seabed, location identification marks and depth marks are installed on Dyneema cable 7.

[0169] The observation platform 3 is equipped with a tilt angle sensor to ensure stability and accurate measurement.

[0170] A seabed-based observation and recovery deployment method that is easy to maintain, utilizing the system described above; the deployment and recovery method includes the following steps;

[0171] Step 1: Disconnect the communication cable 47 from the communication buoy 2, unlock the locking device 9, and separate the observation platform 3 from the underwater base 1. By shortening the Dyneema cable 7 connected to the communication buoy 2, the observation platform 3 is retrieved to the deck of the maintenance vessel for maintenance.

[0172] Step 2: After maintenance is completed, the observation platform 3 is placed in the sea, and the communication buoy 2 is connected to the communication cable 47 and the corresponding Dyneema cable 7. By adjusting the length of each Dyneema cable 7, the observation platform 3 is lowered onto the underwater base 1 and positioned, and then positioned, installed, and locked.

[0173] As an improvement, the second end of the communication buoy is waterproofed.

[0174] When the underwater base 1 tilts, the underwater manipulator sinks to the seabed, and the position is observed through the camera. Then, the inner hexagonal sleeve of the underwater manipulator is put onto the outrigger engagement hexagonal 10 for lifting and lowering adjustment, so that the underwater base 1 is level again.

[0175] When the locking device 9 of Scheme 2 is used, during the locking process, the locking underwater robot arm observes through the camera. The locking drive head 35 is fitted onto the meshing gear shaft 25, and the locking iron block 24 is attracted and fixed by the locking electromagnetic suction seat 34. At the same time, the locking downward push rod 37 drives the locking downward push rod 36 to descend, and the rotating steel ball rolls to contact the upper surface of the locking pinion 20, so that the internal thread of the locking thick nut sleeve 28 is matched with the external thread on the upper part of the locking screw 18.

[0176] The locking drive head 35 rotates, driving the meshing gear shaft 25 and the locking thick gear 26, which in turn drives the locking small gear 20 to rotate and tighten the locking thick nut sleeve 28 on the locking screw 18.

[0177] When it is necessary to tighten or loosen, the locking drive head 35 rotates in the opposite direction. At the same time, the locking push rod 37 drives the locking push rod 36 to rise, and the rotating steel ball rolls and separates from the upper surface of the locking pinion 20.

[0178] When aquatic plants or silt accumulate, they are cleaned by cleaning the wind turbine 31.

[0179] During the positioning and installation process

[0180] The observation platform 3 was lowered into the sea by the pulley block 6 pulling the Dyneema cable 7 in four directions.

[0181] According to the length direction of the Dyneema cable 7 in four directions, adjust the position of the Dyneema cable 7 to descend to the preset position so that the locking groove 33 and the positioning key 32 are positioned.

[0182] Meanwhile, the earring part 44 floats on the water surface;

[0183] During the ascent of observation platform 3;

[0184] Before releasing the connection between the Dyneema cable 7 and the communication buoy 2, the buoyancy component 4 is inflated; the tensioner 43 is tightened, and at the same time, the lower push rods A49 and B50 intermittently press down on the buoyancy component 4, causing the conical elastic pad 41 to pass through the process through hole 45 and achieve unidirectional support through the process conical sleeve 42, thereby pressing the buoyancy component 4 into the seawater and reducing the weight of the observation platform 3; the lower push rods A49 and B50 retract into the water surface, and when the buoyancy component 4 rises to the sea surface, the lower push rods A49 and B50 extend again.

[0185] This invention avoids the influence of the buoyancy component 4 and achieves another improvement. The buoyancy component can continuously lift within the observation platform 3, ensuring that buoyancy counteracts gravity during lifting, and its operation is convenient. The hollowed-out base 5 prevents tipping and facilitates positioning and installation. The fixed pulley group 6 facilitates the adjustment of the observation platform's position and reduces the wrap angle. The Dyneema cable 7 provides traction; when not traction-dependent, it floats on the sea surface for easy retrieval and observation of the buoyancy component. The buoyancy component releases gas when not in use to reduce buoyancy impact and can be inflated when needed, allowing for installation during retrieval. The various parts of the buoyancy component can be connected in modular sections for better performance. The base legs 8 are adjustable, and the locking device 9 achieves automatic locking. The hexagonal leg engagement 10 and the threaded sleeve 11 allow for drilling. The downward-facing conical sleeve 12 and the upward-facing conical sleeve 13 increase resistance to movement, prevent tipping, and allow for angle adjustment.

[0186] One improved embodiment of the present invention has a slightly more complex locking mechanism; however, it serves as a protection scheme, a concept for protection, which involves automatic tightening and the addition of counterweights.

[0187] The sensor unit 21, the data acquisition unit 22, and the battery compartment 23 are connected for control.

[0188] Tightening T-bolt 15 prevents rotation; tightening washer 16; tightening back nut 17; tightening screw 18; tightening connecting lug 19 achieves connection; tightening pinion 20 achieves fast connection; tightening iron block 24 provides quick fixing installation; power input is achieved through meshing gear shaft 25; tightening thick gear 26 achieves power transmission; tightening support frame 27 serves as a support platform; tightening thick nut sleeve 28; tightening intermediate sleeve 29; tightening upper spring 30 achieves automatic locking and increases counterweight; cleaning is achieved through cleaning impeller 31, as well as seaweed crushing; positioning key body 32 and locking groove body 33 achieve... Positioning and locking the electromagnetic suction seat 34 achieves separation and fixation; locking the drive head 35, locking the lower push rod 36, and locking the lower push rod 37 achieves locking power input; the float process opening slot 38, the lower fixed seat 39, the traction rope body 40, the conical elastic pad 41, the process conical sleeve 42, the rope tensioner part 43, the connecting ear 44, the process through hole part 45, the counterweight part 46, the communication cable 47, the auxiliary pull rope 48, the lower fixed push rod A49, and the lower fixed push rod B50 solve the problems of detachable buoyancy components that cannot effectively solve the problems of large gravity, difficulty in finding targets, and complex operation in sea surface recovery.

[0189] The communication device 51, the power supply unit 52, and the controller 53 realize circuit control.

[0190] like Figure 1 The observation system consists of an underwater base 1, a communication buoy 2, and an observation platform 3. The underwater base 1 has a certain weight and serves as the system's anchor, fixed to the seabed.

[0191] A funnel-shaped installation location for the observation platform 3 is provided on the underwater base 1. Two fixed pulley groups 6 are fixed on the underwater base. The Dyneema cable 7 passes through the two fixed pulleys, with one end connected to the bottom of the underwater observation platform and the other end preferably connected to the communication buoy, while also serving as the fixing cable for the communication buoy.

[0192] The underwater observation platform is constructed with a stainless steel frustum-shaped support frame, which, once deployed, sits on the platform mounting position on the underwater base. The platform is equipped with sensors, a battery compartment, and a data logger, connected to a surface communication buoy via a communication cable to collect, store, and transmit oceanographic observation parameters. Four underwater buoys provide buoyancy to offset some of the platform's weight, facilitating maintenance. A locking device is installed at the bottom of the platform, controlled by surface operation software, allowing the platform to lock and detach from the underwater base.

[0193] The surface communication buoy consists of a power supply, a communication system, and a controller, and completes the real-time transmission of marine observation data.

[0194] The present invention has been described in detail for the purpose of making the disclosure clearer, and the prior art will not be listed in detail.

[0195] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that multiple technical solutions of the present invention can be combined. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. All technical contents not described in detail in the present invention are well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A seabed-based observation system that is easy to maintain, characterized in that: It includes an underwater base (1) fixed on the seabed, an observation platform (3) detachably mounted on the underwater base (1), and a floating communication buoy (2); The observation platform (3) is fixedly or detachably equipped with a buoyancy component (4); A fixed pulley system (6) is installed on the underwater base (1) to bypass the Dyneema cable (7) at the corresponding position; The communication buoy (2) is connected to the observation platform (3) via a corresponding auxiliary rope (48); The communication buoy (2) is equipped with a communication device (51) for communicating with the base station; A power supply unit (52) and a controller (53) electrically connected to the communication device (51) are provided on the communication buoy (2); An electrical connection sensor unit (21) and a data acquisition unit (22) are installed on the observation platform (3); The data acquisition unit (22) and the controller (53) are electrically connected via a communication cable (47).

2. The seabed-based observation system that is easy to maintain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication device (51) adopts a wireless communication module; The wireless communication module includes an infrared module and a BeiDou module; the base station is set up on the survey vessel or on shore. The power supply unit (52) includes a photovoltaic power source or a storage battery for providing power; A battery compartment (23) is installed on the observation platform (3); The battery compartment (23) uses a storage battery or is connected to the power supply unit (52) via a power cable.

3. The seabed-based observation system that is easy to maintain according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The underwater base (1) has several base openings (5); At least at the four corners of the underwater base (1) there are base legs (8); The base support leg (8) includes support leg threaded sleeves (11) fixedly installed at the four corners of the underwater base (1); A threaded rod is provided inside the threaded sleeve (11) of the outrigger; A hexagonal support leg (10) is provided at the top of the threaded rod; The outriggers are hexagonal (10) for use with underwater robots or manual fastening on the observation ship; An external thread is provided in the middle of the threaded rod to connect with the threaded sleeve (11) of the support leg; An upward-facing flower taper sleeve (13) and a downward-facing flower taper sleeve (12) are respectively provided on the lower part of the external thread of the threaded rod; a support leg screw head (14) is provided below the downward-facing flower taper sleeve (12); The fixed pulley block (6) consists of two or more fixed pulleys that pass around the same Dyneema cable (7) and are arranged in a linear manner; The fixed pulley system (6) is set in the positive and negative directions laterally and in the positive and negative directions longitudinally, respectively; There is one or two fixed pulley sets in each direction (6); A Dyneema cable (7) is paired with a fixed pulley system (6).

4. The seabed-based observation system for easy maintenance according to claim 3, characterized in that: The observation platform (3) has locking connection earrings (19) around its perimeter that correspond to the fixed pulley system (6); A Dyneema cable (7) is connected to a locking connection earring (19); A locking device (9) is installed on the observation platform (3); The locking device (9) includes one of two options; Option 1: The locking device (9) includes a locking rotary motor and an elbow connected to the locking rotary motor; The elbow enters the corresponding base hollow (5), rotates ninety degrees and then locks the underwater base (1); Option 2, the locking device (9) includes a locking T-bolt (15) that passes through the corresponding base cutout (5); A locking washer (16) is fitted on the locking screw (18) of the locking T-bolt (15) and pressed against the upper surface of the base cutout (5); a locking back nut (17) is provided on the locking screw (18) and pressed against the locking washer (16); The upper part of the locking screw (18) protrudes from the locking back nut (17); A locking support frame (27) is installed on the observation platform (3); A meshing gear shaft (25) with a locking thick gear (26) at the lower end is provided on the locking support frame (27); The gear shaft head at the upper end of the meshing gear shaft (25) is used to connect the gear sleeve as the power input; An intermediate support shaft is provided on the locking support frame (27); The locking pinion (20) slides up and down on the intermediate support shaft and meshes with the locking thick gear (26); A locking intermediate sleeve (29) is provided below the locking pinion (20); The lower end of the locking intermediate sleeve (29) is connected to a locking thick nut sleeve (28); A shoulder is provided on the intermediate support shaft to limit the travel of the locking pinion (20); The internal thread of the locking thick nut sleeve (28) is used to match the external thread on the upper part of the locking screw (18); A locking upper spring (30) is provided between the locking support frame (27) and the locking thick gear (26); A locking iron block (24) is provided on the upper surface of the observation platform (3) on one side of the locking support frame (27).

5. The seabed-based observation system for easy maintenance according to claim 4, characterized in that: Several cleaning wind turbines (31) are installed on the observation platform (3); On the bottom surface of the observation platform (3), there are several positioning keys (32) with slots (33); The slot (33) sits on the base hollow (5) and the side of the positioning key (32) is in positioning contact with the inner wall of the base hollow (5).

6. The seabed-based observation system for easy maintenance according to claim 5, characterized in that: Locking device (9) includes locking underwater robotic arm or manual locking; When a locking underwater robot is used, the locking underwater robot includes a robot frame; a locking electromagnetic suction seat (34) is provided below the robot frame to attract and lock the iron block (24); The robotic arm frame is equipped with a rotating locking drive head (35) and a locking push rod (36) with a locking push rod (37) at the lower end; The lower locking rod (36) has a rotating steel ball at its bottom; Rotating steel balls are used to roll and contact the upper surface of the locking pinion (20).

7. The seabed-based observation system for easy maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buoyancy component (4) has a floating body process opening slot (38); The observation platform (3) has a lower fixed base (39), and a traction rope body (40) is connected to the lower fixed base (39). Several cone-shaped elastic pads (41) with small ends facing upwards are provided on the traction rope body (40). The buoyancy assembly (4) has a process through hole (45) through which the traction rope body (40) passes; The inner diameter of the process through hole (45) is between the outer diameter of the large end and the outer diameter of the small end of the tapered elastic pad (41); A process tapered sleeve (42) adapted to the tapered elastic pad (41) is provided at the upper end of the process through hole (45); A tensioner (43) is provided on the upper part of the traction rope body (40) and located above the observation platform (3); A connecting lug (44) is provided at the top of the towing rope body (40) and is connected to the lower end of the communication buoy (2); The process through-hole (45) is used to pass through the communication buoy (2) that connects the communication cable (47) and the auxiliary pull rope (48).

8. The seabed-based observation system for easy maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that: A counterweight (46) is provided at the lower part of the buoyancy component (4); An auxiliary pull rope (48) is provided at the lower part of the buoyancy component (4); The auxiliary pull rope (48) is made of Dyneema cable (7); Lower push rod A (49) and lower push rod B (50) are respectively provided in the lower part of the buoyancy component (4); Lower push rod A (49) and lower push rod B (50) are used to intermittently press down the buoyancy assembly (4); Location identification marks and depth marks are set on the Dyneema cable (7); The observation platform (3) is equipped with a tilt angle sensor.

9. A method for deploying and recovering seabed-based observation systems that is easy to maintain, characterized in that: Using the system of claim 1, the method for performing the retrieval and deployment includes the following steps; Step 1: Disconnect the communication cable (47) from the communication buoy (2), unlock the locking device (9), and separate the observation platform (3) from the underwater base (1). By shortening the Dyneema cable (7) connected to the communication buoy (2), the observation platform (3) is retrieved to the deck of the maintenance vessel for maintenance. Step 2: After maintenance is completed, the observation platform (3) is placed in the sea, and the communication buoy (2) is connected to the communication cable (47) and the corresponding Dyneema cable (7). By adjusting the length of each Dyneema cable (7), the observation platform (3) is lowered onto the underwater base (1) and positioned, and then positioned, installed and locked.

10. The seabed-based observation and recovery deployment method for easy maintenance according to claim 9, characterized in that: The end of the communication buoy (2) is waterproofed. When the underwater base (1) tilts, it sinks to the seabed through the underwater manipulator, observes the position through the camera, and then puts the inner hexagonal sleeve of the underwater manipulator onto the outrigger engagement hexagonal (10) to adjust the height so that the underwater base (1) is level again. When the locking device (9) of Scheme 2 is used, during the locking process, the locking underwater robot observes through the camera. The locking drive head (35) is fitted onto the meshing gear shaft (25), and the locking iron block (24) is attracted by the locking electromagnetic suction seat (34) for fixation. At the same time, the locking downward push rod (37) drives the locking downward push rod (36) to descend, and the rotating steel ball rolls to contact the upper surface of the locking pinion (20), so that the internal thread of the locking thick nut sleeve (28) matches the upper external thread of the locking screw (18). The locking drive head (35) rotates, driving the meshing gear shaft (25) and the locking thick gear (26), which in turn drive the locking small gear (20) to rotate and tighten the locking thick nut sleeve (28) on the locking screw (18); When it is necessary to tighten or loosen, the locking drive head (35) rotates in the opposite direction. At the same time, the locking push rod (37) drives the locking push rod (36) to rise, and the rotating steel ball rolls and separates from the upper surface of the locking pinion (20). When aquatic plants or silt accumulate, they are cleaned by cleaning the wind turbine (31); During the positioning and installation process The Dyneema cables (7) in four directions are pulled up by the fixed pulley system (6), causing the observation platform (3) to sink into the sea; According to the length direction of the Dyneema cable (7) in four directions, adjust the position of the Dyneema cable (7) to descend to the preset position so that the locking groove (33) and the positioning key (32) are positioned. Meanwhile, the earring part (44) floats on the water surface; During the ascent of the observation platform (3); Before releasing the connection between the Dyneema cable (7) and the communication buoy (2), the buoyancy component (4) is inflated; the tensioner (43) is tightened, and at the same time, the lower push rod A (49) and the lower push rod B (50) intermittently press down on the buoyancy component (4), so that the conical elastic pad (41) passes through the process through hole (45) and achieves unidirectional support through the process conical sleeve (42), thereby enabling the lower push buoyancy component (4) to enter the seawater and reduce the weight of the observation platform (3); the lower push rod A (49) and the lower push rod B (50) retract to the water surface, and when the buoyancy component (4) rises to the sea surface, the lower push rod A (49) and the lower push rod B (50) extend again.

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