Integrated decision-making method and system for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility site selection

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility siting integrated decision-making method and system, comprising: analyzing post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility siting various costs: facility point opening cost, personnel evacuation transportation variable cost and fixed cost, material transportation variable cost and fixed cost;With total cost minimum as optimization goal, integrated decision-making optimization model is constructed;Based on robust optimization, the parameter uncertainty condition in integrated decision optimization model is transformed, then the integrated decision optimization model is solved to obtain decision variable: shelter opening, medical center opening, the number of disaster victims evacuated from disaster point to shelter, the number of wounded evacuated from disaster point to medical center, the amount of various materials distributed from material distribution center to shelter and medical center.The application improves disaster relief efficiency, reduces disaster loss under uncertain environment and sufficient emergency material conditions, and can better cope with the uncertainty and complexity of disaster.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of resource allocation optimization, specifically relating to an integrated decision-making method and system for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility site selection. Background Technology

[0002] Although many researchers have conducted specific studies on post-disaster emergency response, such as Duan Xiaohong et al. constructing a bi-level programming model for collaborative decision-making on emergency vehicle dispatching and traffic evacuation, and Zhang Baishang et al. constructing a fuzzy chance-constrained programming model for community emergency evacuation involving multiple modes of transportation and improving a multi-objective genetic algorithm using adaptive genetic operators to address the uncertainty of the number of disaster victims, most existing studies focus on single-stage, phased, or pairwise integrated optimizations. This disconnects the strong correlation between personnel evacuation, facility site selection, and emergency dispatch, leading to local optima rather than global optima. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to emergency rescue scenarios where there is sufficient emergency supplies but uncertain emergency needs after a disaster, this invention provides an integrated decision-making method and system for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility site selection. By constructing an integrated decision-making optimization model for emergency rescue and emergency facility site selection that includes personnel evacuation and material dispatch, and providing a solution scheme, this invention provides a theoretical basis for timely and effective decision-making by emergency command departments.

[0004] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] An integrated decision-making method for post-disaster emergency relief and emergency facility site selection includes:

[0006] Construct various cost calculation models for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility site selection, including facility site opening costs, variable costs of personnel evacuation and transportation, fixed costs of personnel evacuation and transportation, variable costs of material transportation, and fixed costs of material transportation.

[0007] An integrated decision optimization model is constructed with the goal of minimizing total cost.

[0008] Based on robust optimization, the constraints including uncertain parameters in the integrated decision optimization model are transformed, and then the model is solved to obtain the following decision variables: the openness of each shelter candidate point, the openness of each medical center candidate point, the number of disaster victims evacuated from each disaster point to each shelter candidate point, the number of injured people evacuated from each disaster point to each medical center candidate point, the amount of various materials distributed by each material distribution center to each shelter candidate point, and the amount of various materials distributed by each material distribution center to each medical center candidate point.

[0009] Furthermore, the cost of setting up the facility is calculated as follows:

[0010] ;

[0011] In the formula, Cost of setting up a facility site; As alternative shelter locations The cost of starting a website; As an alternative site for medical centers The cost of starting a website; As alternative shelter locations The open / closed status is indicated by 1 for open and 0 for closed. As an alternative site for medical centers The open / closed status is indicated by 1 for open and 0 for closed. Assemble for alternative shelter locations. A pool of potential medical center sites.

[0012] Furthermore, the variable cost of personnel evacuation transportation is calculated as follows:

[0013] ;

[0014] In the formula, Variable costs for personnel evacuation transportation; The variable transportation cost per unit distance for each disaster victim. To the disaster-stricken areas Evacuate to alternative shelter locations The number of disaster victims Disaster-stricken areas Evacuation distance to alternative shelter point b; As alternative shelter locations The open / closed status is indicated by 1 for open and 0 for closed.

[0015] The variable transportation cost per unit distance for each injured person. To the disaster-stricken areas Evacuate to alternative medical center locations The number of wounded, Disaster-stricken areas to medical center alternative evacuation distance; As an alternative site for medical centers The open / closed status is indicated by 1 for open and 0 for closed.

[0016] For the disaster-stricken areas, Assemble for alternative shelter locations. A pool of potential medical center sites.

[0017] Furthermore, the fixed cost of personnel evacuation and transportation is calculated as follows:

[0018] ;

[0019] In the formula, Fixed costs for vehicles used for personnel evacuation and transportation; This indicates the cost per vehicle used for evacuating disaster victims; To the disaster-stricken areas The number of disaster victims evacuated to alternative shelter point b; This indicates the cost per vehicle used for evacuating the wounded. To the disaster-stricken areas Evacuate to alternative medical center locations The number of wounded; For the disaster-stricken areas, Assemble for alternative shelter locations. A pool of potential medical center sites.

[0020] Furthermore, the variable cost of transporting the goods is calculated as follows:

[0021] ;

[0022] In the formula, For variable costs of transporting goods;

[0023] The variable transportation cost per unit distance for daily necessities; To the material distribution center to alternative shelter locations Delivery Quantity of daily necessities; To the material distribution center to alternative shelter locations The distance of goods delivery; As alternative shelter locations The open / closed status is indicated by 1 for open and 0 for closed. To the material distribution center to medical center alternatives Delivery Quantity of daily necessities; To the material distribution center to medical center alternatives The distance of goods delivery; As an alternative site for medical centers The open / closed status is indicated by 1 for open and 0 for closed.

[0024] The variable transportation cost per unit distance for each unit of medical supplies; To the material distribution center to medical center alternatives Delivery Quantity of medical supplies;

[0025] Assemble for alternative shelter locations. For gathering at the material distribution center; A list of potential medical center sites; A collection of various types of daily necessities; This is a collection of medical supplies.

[0026] Furthermore, the fixed cost of transporting the aforementioned materials is calculated as follows:

[0027] ;

[0028] In the formula, Fixed costs for transporting goods; This indicates the fixed costs of transporting goods by vehicles. To the material distribution center To alternative points Delivery Quantity of daily necessities; To the material distribution center to medical center alternatives Delivery Quantity of daily necessities; To the material distribution center to medical center alternatives Delivery Quantity of medical supplies;

[0029] Assemble for alternative shelter locations. For gathering at the material distribution center; A list of potential medical center sites; A collection of various types of daily necessities; This is a collection of medical supplies.

[0030] Furthermore, the constructed integrated decision optimization model includes the constraint that the number of disaster victims evacuated from each disaster-stricken area must be equal to or exceed the actual number of disaster victims at that disaster-stricken area, expressed as:

[0031] ;

[0032] ;

[0033] In the formula, To the disaster-stricken areas Evacuate to alternative shelter locations The number of disaster victims A collection of potential shelter locations; To the disaster-stricken areas Evacuate to alternative medical center locations The number of wounded, A list of potential medical center sites; Disaster-stricken areas The actual number of disaster victims who need to be evacuated to alternative shelter locations. Disaster-stricken areas The actual number of disaster victims who need to be evacuated to medical centers. and All of these are uncertain parameters, obtained by combining the predicted quantity and the disturbance quantity.

[0034] Furthermore, based on robust optimization, the ensemble decision optimization model includes uncertain parameters. , The constraints are transformed, specifically including:

[0035] (1) Uncertain parameters and All are represented as intervals obtained by combining the predicted quantity and the disturbance quantity:

[0036] ;

[0037] In the formula, and Disaster-stricken areas The projected number of disaster victims who need to be evacuated to shelters and medical centers; and Disaster-stricken areas The maximum disturbance in the number of disaster victims who need to be evacuated to shelters and medical centers;

[0038] (2) Construct a class of protection functions One type of protection function is used to control the disturbance in the number of disaster victims who need to be evacuated to shelters and medical centers. The original problem model is:

[0039] ;

[0040] ;

[0041] In the formula, and It is a perturbation variable in the number of disaster victims evacuated to shelters and medical centers;

[0042] (3) Let and These are the constraints. , The dual variable, then a class of protection functions The dual problem model is as follows:

[0043] ;

[0044] ;

[0045] (4) According to the strong duality theorem, the dual problem is bounded feasible, and the optimal objective values ​​of the primal problem and the dual problem are the same, thus obtaining new expressions for constraints (7) and (8):

[0046] ;

[0047] ;

[0048] (5) Add more about and Constraints:

[0049] ;

[0050] ;

[0051] ;

[0052] Ultimately, it will include uncertain parameters. and The constraints (7) and (8) are transformed to obtain constraints (25) to (29).

[0053] Furthermore, the constructed integrated decision optimization model includes the constraint that the actual demand for supplies from refugees in shelters equals the amount of supplies allocated from the supply distribution center, ensuring that the actual demand for supplies from refugees in shelters equals the amount of supplies allocated from the supply distribution center, expressed as:

[0054] ;

[0055] ;

[0056] In the formula, To the material distribution center to alternative shelter locations Delivery Quantity of daily necessities; The quantity of Category U supplies to be distributed from the material distribution center e to the alternative medical center m. , It is a collection of various types of daily necessities. A collection of medical supplies categories; It is a collection point for the material distribution center.

[0057] An integrated decision-making system for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility site selection includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor enables the processor to implement the integrated decision-making method for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility site selection as described above.

[0058] Beneficial effects

[0059] This invention, under conditions of uncertain environment and sufficient emergency supplies, comprehensively formulates an integrated decision optimization scheme for emergency rescue and emergency facility site selection, including personnel evacuation and material dispatch. Based on robust optimization, it transforms the constraints, which include uncertain parameters, and solves them using the CPLEX solver. This not only improves disaster relief efficiency and reduces disaster losses, but also better addresses the uncertainty and complexity of disasters, ensuring the basic living needs and safety of disaster victims. Attached Figure Description

[0060] Figure 1 This is a network structure diagram of the flow of disaster victims and supplies in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. These embodiments are based on the technical solutions of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes to further explain the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] This embodiment provides an integrated decision-making method for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility site selection, including:

[0064] Step 1: Construct various cost calculation models for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility site selection, including facility site opening costs, variable costs of personnel evacuation and transportation, fixed costs of personnel evacuation and transportation, variable costs of material transportation, and fixed costs of material transportation.

[0065] Step 2: Construct an integrated decision optimization model with the goal of minimizing total cost;

[0066] Step 3: Based on robust optimization, transform the constraints including uncertain parameters in the integrated decision optimization model, and then solve the model to obtain the following decision variables: the openness of each shelter candidate point, the openness of each medical center candidate point, the number of disaster victims evacuated from each disaster point to each shelter candidate point, the number of injured people evacuated from each disaster point to each medical center candidate point, the amount of various materials distributed by each material distribution center to each shelter candidate point, and the amount of various materials distributed by each material distribution center to each medical center candidate point.

[0067] The following provides a detailed explanation of the application scenarios, specific model construction, and solution methods of the integrated decision-making method for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility site selection of this invention.

[0068] 1. Variable definition and assumptions.

[0069] To effectively respond to potential disasters, backup facilities such as shelters and medical centers are pre-established within the region. Once a disaster occurs, it will severely impact the daily lives of local residents, necessitating the urgent relocation of affected individuals to temporary shelters and the evacuation of the injured to medical centers for timely treatment. At this time, the dispatch of emergency supplies after a disaster presents complex challenges. Under constantly changing disaster relief conditions and limited transportation resources, it is necessary to select the most suitable dispatch plan from the distribution center, based on different priorities and demand quantities, to transport various types of emergency supplies to shelters and medical centers, in order to meet the needs of different facilities in terms of both quantity and type of emergency supplies.

[0070] In the facility site selection phase, shelters and medical centers need to closely coordinate with disaster-stricken areas and material distribution centers during disaster relief. After a disaster, disaster victims are prioritized to be transferred to the nearest shelters, and the injured are prioritized to be transferred to the nearest medical centers. However, due to capacity limitations in shelters and medical centers, disaster victims from the same disaster area may be housed in different shelters or medical centers. Therefore, the site selection of facilities affects the efficiency of personnel evacuation and material distribution. If decisions are made separately, only local optima can be achieved. Thus, an overall emergency dispatch plan is needed to determine which alternative facility sites to select and the plan for transporting the number of disaster victims and the amount of emergency supplies. During the decision-making process, emergency actions such as the safe evacuation of disaster victims and the rational allocation of supplies are highly interconnected and time-sensitive, often dynamically combined and carried out simultaneously. This invention, by comprehensively formulating an integrated decision-making optimization plan for emergency rescue and emergency facility site selection that includes personnel evacuation and material allocation, can not only improve disaster relief efficiency and reduce disaster losses, but also better cope with the uncertainty and complexity of disasters, ensuring the basic living needs and safety of disaster victims.

[0071] like Figure 1As shown, after a disaster, in each cycle, disaster victims at the affected site are prioritized to be transferred to the nearest shelter via disaster relief vehicles, and the injured are prioritized to be transferred to the nearest medical center via injury transport vehicles. Simultaneously, the material distribution center delivers necessary supplies to the shelters via material transport vehicles, and delivers both supplies to the medical center. Throughout the rescue process, the variables requiring decision-making include the openness of shelters and medical centers, the number of disaster victims evacuated from the affected site to shelters, the number of injured evacuated from the affected site to the medical center, the quantity of various supplies delivered by the material distribution center to the shelters, and the quantity of various supplies delivered by the material distribution center to the medical center. Therefore, this invention comprehensively formulates an integrated decision-making optimization scheme for emergency rescue and emergency facility site selection.

[0072] To simplify the problem analysis, we first make the following reasonable assumptions:

[0073] 1) The geographical locations of disaster sites and material distribution centers have been determined, and their capacity limits are known; the locations of alternative shelters and medical centers are known, and their capacity limits are known.

[0074] 2) Once the alternative facility is opened, it will not be closed.

[0075] 3) Different types of materials can be mixed.

[0076] 4) The vehicle types for personnel transport and material transport are different, but their capacities are known.

[0077] 5) Personnel and material transportation tasks within each cycle can be completed within that cycle, i.e., transportation time during transit is not considered.

[0078] 6) Only one vehicle can be sent between any two facility points. There is no limit to the total number of vehicles, and vehicle returns are not considered.

[0079] To facilitate problem description, the variables are defined as shown in Table 1.

[0080] .

[0081] 2. Establishment of the optimization model.

[0082] 2.1 Cost Analysis.

[0083] Minimizing losses for affected people is the top priority during emergency response, but economic costs are unavoidable in practice. In the process of post-disaster emergency integration and optimization, various costs will be incurred while minimizing losses for affected people. To ensure the economic efficiency of the integrated optimization solution, the goal is to minimize the total cost. The total cost structure is as follows:

[0084] (1) Cost of setting up a facility site.

[0085] The selected facility site alternatives require operating costs, as well as rapid startup and operation costs in emergency situations. The opening cost of the shelter alternative sites is... The cost of setting up a medical center alternative site is Total startup cost .

[0086] .

[0087] (2) Variable costs of personnel evacuation and transportation.

[0088] In the process of transporting disaster victims from various disaster sites to shelters and the injured to medical centers, the variable costs of personnel evacuation and transportation are directly related to the number of people transported and the distance traveled. They increase with the increase in the number of people transported and the distance traveled, including the direct costs associated with the carrier transporting each vehicle of people.

[0089] The variable transportation cost per unit distance for disaster victims is The variable transportation cost per unit distance for each injured person is . .

[0090] .

[0091] (3) Fixed costs of personnel evacuation and transportation.

[0092] During the evacuation of personnel to the facility, vehicle-related costs and fixed personnel expenses unrelated to the transportation volume are fixed and only depend on the number of vehicles. It is assumed that at most one vehicle will be sent between every two facility points, and the return of vehicles is not considered. This refers to the total number of vehicles used for personnel evacuation. The total fixed cost of personnel evacuation transportation is... :

[0093] .

[0094] (4) Variable costs of transporting materials.

[0095] During the process of supply distribution centers delivering supplies to shelters and medical centers, Directly related to the volume of goods transported and the distance traveled, it increases with both volume and distance, including direct costs associated with the carrier transporting each vehicle's worth of goods. The variable transportation cost per unit distance increase for each unit of daily necessities is... The variable transportation cost per unit distance for medical supplies is Variable costs of transporting goods .

[0096] .

[0097] (5) Fixed costs of transporting materials.

[0098] During the process of supply distribution centers to shelters and medical centers, vehicle-related costs and fixed personnel expenses unrelated to the amount of transported are fixed and only depend on the number of vehicles. It is assumed that at most one vehicle will be sent between each two facility points, and the return of vehicles is not considered. .

[0099] .

[0100] 2.2 Integrated Decision Optimization Model.

[0101] Based on the above cost analysis, the integrated decision-making optimization model for emergency rescue and emergency facility site selection during the post-disaster emergency response period can be established as follows:

[0102] ;

[0103] ;

[0104] ;

[0105] ;

[0106] ;

[0107] ;

[0108] ;

[0109] ;

[0110] ;

[0111] ;

[0112] ;

[0113] ;

[0114] ;

[0115] Note: In equations (15) and (16), M is a given sufficiently large positive number.

[0116] In the above optimization model, the objective function (6) is to minimize the total emergency cost, including the facility site opening cost, the variable cost of personnel evacuation and transportation, the fixed cost of personnel evacuation and transportation, the variable cost of material transportation, and the fixed cost of material transportation; Equations (7) and (8) satisfy the constraints of personnel evacuation, ensuring that the constraints of personnel evacuation are met. Specifically, the number of disaster victims transferred from each disaster site must be equal to or exceed the actual number of disaster victims at that site to ensure that all people who need to be evacuated can be properly resettled. The predicted values ​​of the number of disaster victims and the number of injured often deviate from the actual values. Therefore, the number of people in need of rescue should be regarded as random numbers. Equations (9) and (10) are facility capacity constraints, which limit the capacity of shelters and medical centers. That is, the number of people received by each facility cannot exceed its design capacity. This helps to avoid facility overload and ensure the orderly conduct of rescue operations. Equations (11) to (14) are vehicle capacity constraints, which stipulate the transportation capacity limits of vehicles to ensure that the number of people and materials transported is within the carrying capacity of the vehicles, thereby ensuring the feasibility and safety of the transportation process. Equations (15) and (16) ensure that there is no transportation volume when the alternative emergency facility point is not opened. When a certain alternative emergency facility point is not activated, it ensures that no transportation volume is generated, avoiding resource waste and unnecessary transportation costs. Equations (17) and (18) are material supply constraints. The actual demand of shelter refugees for materials is equal to the amount of materials allocated from the material allocation center, ensuring that the actual demand of shelter refugees for materials is equal to the amount of materials allocated from the material allocation center. This not only achieved precise matching of supply and demand for materials, but also avoided over-allocation or shortage of materials, ensuring that the basic living needs of disaster victims in the shelters were met, while improving the efficiency of material utilization.

[0117] 3. Robust optimization and solution model.

[0118] 3.1 Robust optimization constraints.

[0119] A robust optimization method is employed, using uncertain sets to characterize stochastic demand parameters, and optimizing the emergency personnel evacuation plan under the worst-case scenario. Uncertain parameters are used... For example, based on the method proposed by Bertsimas et al., uncertain sets are used. describe. The nominal value of demand is a predicted value for the number of disaster victims; The maximum disturbance value can be taken as a certain percentage of the nominal value, i.e. .

[0120] The constraint (7) in the model can be written in the following form:

[0121] ;

[0122] Construct a class of protection functions To control the level of disturbance for the uncertain number of disaster victims, the disturbance amount is... This protection function It can be described as a class of variables The linear programming model. In the worst case, .

[0123] ;

[0124] We obtain new expressions for constraints (7) and (8):

[0125] ;

[0126] ;

[0127] in, The original problem model is:

[0128] ;

[0129] ;

[0130] It is a disturbance variable, let For constraint (23-b) regarding With some dual variables, the dual problem model is:

[0131] ;

[0132] ;

[0133] ;

[0134] Because the original question was about Since the problem is bounded and feasible, according to the strong duality theorem, the dual problem is also bounded and feasible, and the optimal objective values ​​of the primal and dual problems are the same. Thus, we obtain new expressions for constraints (7) and (8):

[0135] ;

[0136] ;

[0137] And add about and Constraints:

[0138] ;

[0139] ;

[0140] ;

[0141] Finally, the robustly optimized deterministic model is obtained:

[0142] ;

[0143] ;

[0144] ;

[0145] ;

[0146] ;

[0147] ;

[0148] ;

[0149] ;

[0150] ;

[0151] ;

[0152] ;

[0153] ;

[0154] ;

[0155] ;

[0156] ;

[0157] ;

[0158] 3.2 Solve the integrated decision optimization model.

[0159] The robust optimization model obtained above is a single-objective integer linear programming model, which can be directly solved by calling CPLEX in Matlab 2021b.

[0160] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or improvements based on them. Without departing from the overall concept of this application, these changes or improvements should fall within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

Claims

1. An integrated decision-making method for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility siting, characterized in that, Comprise: Various cost calculation models of post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility location are constructed, including facility point opening cost, personnel evacuation transportation variable cost, personnel evacuation transportation fixed cost, material transportation variable cost, and material transportation fixed cost; An integrated decision optimization model is constructed with the lowest total cost as the optimization objective, wherein the integrated decision optimization model comprises constraint conditions that the number of evacuees transferred from each disaster point must be equal to or greater than the actual number of evacuees of the disaster point, which is expressed as: ； ； In the formula, To the disaster-stricken areas Evacuate to alternative shelter locations The number of disaster victims A collection of potential shelter locations; To the disaster-stricken areas Evacuate to alternative medical center locations The number of wounded, A list of potential medical center sites; Disaster-stricken areas The actual number of disaster victims who need to be evacuated to alternative shelter locations. Disaster-stricken areas The actual number of disaster victims who need to be evacuated to medical centers. and All of these are uncertain parameters, obtained by combining the predicted quantity and the disturbance quantity; Based on robust optimization, the constraint conditions including uncertain parameters in the integrated decision optimization model are transformed, and then the model is solved to obtain the following decision variables: opening of each shelter candidate point, opening of each medical center candidate point, number of evacuees evacuated from each disaster point to each shelter candidate point, number of wounded evacuated from each disaster point to each medical center candidate point, amount of each type of material distributed from each material distribution center to each shelter candidate point, and amount of each type of material distributed from each material distribution center to each medical center candidate point. Transforming constraint conditions including uncertain parameters in integrated decision optimization model based on robust optimization 、 , specifically including: (1) The uncertain parameters and are both expressed as intervals resulting from the combination of the predicted quantities and the disturbances: ； wherein and are the affected points predicted values of the number of victims that need to be evacuated to shelters and medical centers; and are the affected points maximum perturbations of the number of victims that need to be evacuated to shelters and medical centers; (2) Construct a class of protection functions to control the disturbance of the number of disaster victims who need to be evacuated to shelters and medical centers, where the original problem model of a class of protection functions is: ； ； wherein and are perturbation variables for the number of disaster victims evacuated to shelters and medical centers; (3) Let and be the dual variables of the constraints , respectively, then the dual problem model of a class of protection functions is ； ； (4) According to the strong duality theorem, the dual problem is bounded and feasible, and the optimal objective values of the original problem and the dual problem are the same, so that new expressions of constraint conditions (7) and (8) are obtained: ； ； (5) adding constraints about and again: ； ； ； The constraints (7), (8) including uncertain parameters and are converted to constraints (25) to (29).

2. The integrated decision-making method for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility siting of claim 1, characterized in that, The facility point opening cost is calculated by the formula: ； wherein is the open station cost for a facility point; is the open station cost for a shelter alternative point is the open station cost for a shelter alternative point; is the open station cost for a medical center alternative point is the open station cost for a medical center alternative point; is the open status for a shelter alternative point, 1 indicates open, 0 indicates closed; is the open status for a shelter alternative point, 1 indicates open, 0 indicates closed; is the open status for a medical center alternative point, 1 indicates open, 0 indicates closed; is the open status for a medical center alternative point, 1 indicates open, 0 indicates closed; is the set of shelter alternative points, is the set of medical center alternative points.

3. The integrated decision-making method for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility siting of claim 1, wherein, The personnel evacuation transportation variable cost is calculated by the formula: ； wherein, is the variable cost of evacuation transportation for the people; is the variable transportation cost of the unit disaster victim for the unit distance increase, is the number of disaster victims evacuated from the disaster point to the shelter alternative point ; is the evacuation distance from the disaster point to the shelter alternative point b; is the open situation of the shelter alternative point , 1 represents open, and 0 represents closed. variable transportation cost for unit casualty unit distance, casualty number from disaster point evacuation to medical center alternative point , evacuation distance from disaster point to medical center alternative point ; open situation of medical center alternative point , 1 indicates open, 0 indicates closed; a set of disaster points, a set of shelter candidate points, a set of medical center candidate points.

4. The integrated decision-making method for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility siting of claim 1, wherein, The personnel evacuation transportation fixed cost is calculated by the formula: ； In the formula, Fixed costs for vehicles used for personnel evacuation and transportation; This indicates the cost per vehicle used for evacuating disaster victims; To the disaster-stricken areas The number of disaster victims evacuated to alternative shelter point b; This indicates the cost per vehicle used for evacuating the wounded. To the disaster-stricken areas Evacuate to alternative medical center locations The number of wounded; Gathering at the disaster-stricken areas, Assemble a pool of potential shelter locations. A pool of potential medical center sites.

5. The integrated decision-making method for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility siting of claim 1, wherein, The material transportation variable cost is calculated by the formula: ； In the formula, Variable cost for the transportation of goods; The variable transportation cost per unit distance for daily necessities; To the material distribution center to alternative shelter locations Delivery Quantity of daily necessities; To the material distribution center to alternative shelter locations The distance of goods delivery; As alternative shelter locations The open / closed status is indicated by 1 for open and 0 for closed. To the material distribution center to medical center alternatives Delivery Quantity of daily necessities; To the material distribution center to medical center alternatives The distance of goods delivery; As an alternative site for medical centers The open / closed status is indicated by 1 for open and 0 for closed. variable transportation cost per unit of medical supply per unit distance; from the supply distribution center to the medical center candidate point of the delivery of the medical supply type; a set of alternative points for shelters, a set of distribution centers for supplies; a set of alternative points for medical centers; a set of categories of living supplies; a set of categories of medical supplies.

6. The integrated decision-making method for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility siting of claim 1, wherein, The material transportation fixed cost is calculated by the formula: ； wherein is the fixed cost of transporting the goods; denotes the fixed cost of transporting the goods vehicles; is the quantity of goods to be distributed from the goods distribution center to the alternative points of distribution; is the quantity of goods of the type of life goods to be distributed from the goods distribution center to the alternative points of distribution of the medical center; is the quantity of goods of the type of life goods to be distributed from the goods distribution center to the alternative points of distribution of the medical center; is the quantity of goods of the type of medical goods to be distributed from the goods distribution center to the alternative points of distribution of the medical center. a set of alternative points for shelters, a set of distribution centers for supplies; a set of alternative points for medical centers; a set of categories of living supplies; a set of categories of medical supplies.

7. The integrated decision-making method for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility siting of claim 1, wherein, The integrated decision optimization model comprises constraint conditions that actual demand of materials of the shelter evacuees is equal to the amount of materials allocated from the material allocation center, so as to ensure that the actual demand of materials of the shelter evacuees is equal to the amount of materials allocated from the material allocation center, which is expressed as: ； ； wherein, is the amount of the type of supplies from the supply distribution center e to the medical center candidate point m, to the shelter candidate point, for distribution, amount of the type of supplies, is the amount of the type of supplies from the supply distribution center e to the medical center candidate point m, , is the set of types of supplies, is the set of types of medical supplies; is the set of supply distribution centers.

8. An integrated decision system for post-disaster emergency rescue and emergency facility siting, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by the processor, so that the processor implements the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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